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href="/wiki/File:%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas,_Athens_1863.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg/220px-%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg/330px-%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg/440px-%22General_History_of_the_Greek_Revolution%22_by_L._Koutsonikas%2C_Athens_1863.jpg 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the <i>General History of the Greek Revolution</i> by Lambros Koutsonikas, Athens 1863.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lambros Koutsonikas</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Λάμπρος Κουτσονίκας</span>, 1799 – 2 June 1879) was a Greek general and fighter of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Revolution_of_1821" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Revolution of 1821">Greek Revolution of 1821</a>, army officer and amateur historian of the Revolution.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambros_Koutsonikas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was the son of Yiannos, from the <a href="/wiki/Souliotes" title="Souliotes">Souliot</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Koutsonikas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koutsonikas (page does not exist)">Koutsonikas</a> clan. His grandfather Nikos, his father and his brother Thanassis were killed in 1804 in a battle against the Albanians of <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Yanina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Pasha of Yanina">Ali Pasha of Yanina</a> at the Seltsou monastery in <a href="/wiki/Tzoumerka" title="Tzoumerka">Tzoumerka</a>. Lambros being a child that time, together with his mother and brother, were taken captives by Ali pasha's bands. Later, Lambros fought as head of an armed unit during the Greek Revolution of 1821. During the Revolution, he served in the Greek army and was promoted to the rank of <i><a href="/wiki/Pentakosiarchos" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentakosiarchos">pentakosiarchos</a></i> (leader of 500 men). He died in 1879 in <a href="/wiki/Agrinio" title="Agrinio">Agrinio</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambros_Koutsonikas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He authored the <i>General History of the Greek Revolution</i> (Γενική Ιστορία της Ελληνικής Επαναστάσεως), published in 1863–64 in Athens. The first volume of his work contains a large chapter on the history of <a href="/wiki/Souli" title="Souli">Souli</a> and the Souliotes, which is one of the few primary sources on the subject, written by a Souliote.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Koutsonikas, based on oral tradition, claims that Souliotes resisted the Ottoman invasion since 15th century and they remained free and independent till early 19th century, and were the first who revolted in 1820.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name of his clan is mentioned in some of the Souliotic Songs, initially published by <a href="/wiki/Claude_Charles_Fauriel" title="Claude Charles Fauriel">Claude Fauriel</a> in 1823 and republished later by others.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambros_Koutsonikas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/0/2/b/metadata-212-0000147.tkl"><i>Anemi</i>, The Digital Library of Modern Greek Studies</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Greek Encyclopedia (Μεγάλη Ελληνική Εγκυκλοπαίδεια), vol. 15, p. 96, article Κουτσονίκας Λάμπρος</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politeianet.gr/books/9789607171979-koutsonikas-lampros-bergina-geniki-istoria-tis-ellinikis-epanastaseos-protos-tomos-54499">General History of the Greek Revolution, (Γενική Ιστορία της Ελληνικής Επαναστάσεως) vol. 1. Presentation of a modern edition of the book. Editions “Vergina”, 2002. In greek.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?rec=/metadata/7/3/3/metadata-212-0000148.tkl&do=75849_01.pdf&pageno=21&pagestart=1&width=347&height=570&maxpage=218&lang=el">General History …, vol. 1, History of Souli, p. 7</a> “As we know from the tradition, the aforementioned first [Ottomans] who invaded Epirus sent a force of five thousand Ottomans against Souli. [The Souliotes] Having observed them [the Ottomans] from the mountains, and as soon as they saw them entering their [Souliotic] villages, from where the inhabitants had withdrawn, attacked them at night and destroyed them.”</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6522109n/texteBrut">Comte de Marcellus, Marie-Louis (1795-1865), “Chants populaires de la Grèce moderne”, Paris, 1860. IV. Le Siége de Souli 1803, etc</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lambros_Koutsonikas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/php/pdf_pager.php?rec=/metadata/7/3/3/metadata-212-0000148.tkl&do=75849_01.pdf&lang=el&pageno=1&pagestart=1&width=347.52%20pts&height=570.72%20pts&maxpage=218">General History of the Greek Revolution, Athens, 1863. vol. 1</a> In Greek.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Souliotes" title="Template:Souliotes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Souliotes" title="Template talk:Souliotes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Souliotes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Souliotes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Souliotes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Souliotes" title="Souliotes">Souliotes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Souliotes#History" title="Souliotes">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanians" title="Cham Albanians">Cham Albanians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliote_Confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Souliote Confederacy">Souliote Confederacy</a></li> <li>Wars against <a href="/wiki/Ali_Pasha_of_Ioannina" title="Ali Pasha of Ioannina">Ali Pasha of Ioannina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Souliote_War_(1789%E2%80%931793)" title="Souliote War (1789–1793)">Souliote War (1789–1793)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliote_War_(1803)" title="Souliote War (1803)">Souliote War (1803)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Exile in the <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Legion_(Septinsular_Republic)" title="Greek Legion (Septinsular Republic)">Greek Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Regiment_(France)" title="Albanian Regiment (France)">Albanian Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Revolt_of_1854" title="Epirus Revolt of 1854">Epirus Revolt of 1854</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Settlements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Souli" title="Souli">Souli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakka_Souliou" title="Lakka Souliou">Lakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsikas" title="Katsikas">Katsikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiadas" title="Skiadas">Skiadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vourgareli" title="Vourgareli">Vourgareli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousiotitsa" title="Mousiotitsa">Mousiotitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastri,_Evrymenes" title="Kastri, Evrymenes">Kastri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_dialect" title="Cham Albanian dialect">Cham Albanian dialect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souliotic_songs" title="Souliotic songs">Souliotic songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_of_Zalongo" title="Dance of Zalongo">Dance of Zalongo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Botsaris" title="Markos Botsaris">Markos Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsos_Tzavelas" title="Kitsos Tzavelas">Kitsos Tzavelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostas_Botsaris" title="Kostas Botsaris">Kostas Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Botsaris" title="Dimitrios Botsaris">Dimitrios Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katerina_Botsari" title="Katerina Botsari">Katerina Botsari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitsos_Botsaris" title="Kitsos Botsaris">Kitsos Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tousias_Botsaris" title="Tousias Botsaris">Tousias Botsaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Danglis_(chieftain)" title="Panagiotis Danglis (chieftain)">Giotis Danglis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Danglis" title="Panagiotis Danglis">Panagiotis Danglis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lambros Koutsonikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fotos_Tzavelas" title="Fotos Tzavelas">Fotos Tzavelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambros_Tzavelas" title="Lambros Tzavelas">Lambros Tzavelas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photini_Tzavela" title="Photini Tzavela">Photini Tzavela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Zervas" title="Nikolaos Zervas">Nikolaos Zervas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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