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<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki rtl sitedir-rtl mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-賲噩鬲賴丿_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩 rootpage-賲噩鬲賴丿_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">丕賳鬲賯賱廿賱賶丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賯丕卅賲丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-encyclopedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-encyclopedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 丕賱賲賵爻賵毓丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" title="夭乇丕賱氐賮丨丞丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>丕賱氐賮丨丞丕賱乇卅賷爻丞</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AB_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賲胤丕賱毓丞爻乇賷毓丞賱兀賴賲丕賱兀丨丿丕孬丕賱噩丕乇賷丞"><span>丕賱兀丨丿丕孬丕賱噩丕乇賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="賯丕卅賲丞兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲賮賷丕賱賵賷賰賷. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-wrecentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85%D8%A9"><span>兀丨丿孬丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲丕賱兀爻丕爻賷丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 鬲氐賮丨 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-subjects" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>丕賱賲賵丕囟賷毓</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9"><span>兀亘噩丿賷</span></a></li><li id="n-portals" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD"><span>亘賵丕亘丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="丨賲賱氐賮丨丞毓卮賵丕卅賷丞 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>賲賯丕賱丞毓卮賵丕卅賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-Kiwix" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3"><span>鬲氐賮丨賲賳睾賷乇廿賳鬲乇賳鬲</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-contributing" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-contributing" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 賲卮丕乇賰丞 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7"><span>鬲賵丕氐賱賲毓賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9:%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="丨賷孬鬲噩丿丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞"><span>賲爻丕毓丿丞</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86"><span>丕賱賲賷丿丕賳</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ar.svg" style="width: 7em; 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href=\"/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81:%D9%85%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AD_%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_2023\" title=\"鬲氐賳賷賮:賲匕丕亘丨禺賱丕賱丕賱丨乇亘丕賱賮賱爻胤賷賳賷丞丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賯鬲賱丕賱賲丿賳賷賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E \n\u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A\" title=\"賲噩夭乇丞賲爻鬲卮賮賶丕賱賲毓賲丿丕賳賷\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱丕爻鬲賴丿丕賮丕賱賲爻鬲卮賮賷丕鬲賵丕賱賲丿丕乇爻\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E .... \u003Cb\u003E賱丕 \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%89#丕賱丿毓丕賷丞_丕賱廿爻乇丕卅賷賱賷丞\" title=\"毓賲賱賷丞胤賵賮丕賳丕賱兀賯氐賶\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:red\"\u003E賱賱鬲囟賱賷賱賵丕賱賰賷賱亘賲賰賷丕賱賷賳\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D9%88%D9%82%D9%81_%D8%A5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%BA%D8%B2%D8%A9_2023\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"賵賯賮廿胤賱丕賯丕賱賳丕乇賮賷睾夭丞 2023\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:white\"\u003E兀賵賯賮賵丕丕賱丨乇亘\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E .... 賵丕賳卮乇賵丕丕賱爻賱丕賲丕賱毓丕丿賱賵丕賱卮丕賲賱\u003C/b\u003E\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\n\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">丕賳賯賱賱賱卮乇賷胤丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">丕賱賲賯丿賲丞</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷賲丕_賱丕_賳氐_毓賱賷賴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷賲丕_賱丕_賳氐_毓賱賷賴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷賲丕賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷賲丕_賱丕_賳氐_毓賱賷賴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-兀賳賵丕毓_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷_丕賱賲爻丕卅賱" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#兀賳賵丕毓_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷_丕賱賲爻丕卅賱"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>兀賳賵丕毓丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-兀賳賵丕毓_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷_丕賱賲爻丕卅賱-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>孬亘賽賾鬲丕賱賯爻賲丕賱賮乇毓賷兀賳賵丕毓丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱</span> </button> <ul id="toc-兀賳賵丕毓_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷_丕賱賲爻丕卅賱-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-丕賱賳氐_賵丕賱賲禺乇噩" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賱賳氐_賵丕賱賲禺乇噩"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>丕賱賳氐賵丕賱賲禺乇噩</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賱賳氐_賵丕賱賲禺乇噩-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-卮乇賵胤_丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#卮乇賵胤_丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-卮乇賵胤_丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-丕賳馗乇_兀賷囟丕" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#丕賳馗乇_兀賷囟丕"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>丕賳馗乇兀賷囟丕</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-丕賳馗乇_兀賷囟丕-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-賲乇丕噩毓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#賲乇丕噩毓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>賲乇丕噩毓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-賲乇丕噩毓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="鬲亘丿賷賱毓乇囟噩丿賵賱丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">鬲亘丿賷賱毓乇囟噩丿賵賱丕賱賲丨鬲賵賷丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="賴匕賴丕賱賲賯丕賱丞鬲鬲賵丕噩丿賮賯胤賮賷賴匕賴丕賱賱睾丞. 兀囟賮賴丕廿賱賶丕賱賱睾丕鬲丕賱兀禺乇賶." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀囟賮賱睾丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span><span class="wb-langlinks-add wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q28716676#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="廿囟丕賮丞賵氐賱丕鬲亘賷賳丕賱賱睾丕鬲" class="wbc-editpage">兀囟賮賵氐賱丕鬲</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="賳胤丕賯丕鬲"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC" title="丕毓乇囟氐賮丨丞丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>賲賯丕賱丞</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4:%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC" rel="discussion" title="賳賯丕卮氐賮丨丞丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="睾賷賾乇賱賴噩丞丕賱賱睾丞" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱毓乇亘賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="賲毓丕賷賳丞"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC"><span>丕賯乇兀</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=edit" title="毓丿賱丕賱賰賵丿丕賱賲氐丿乇賷賱賴匕賴丕賱氐賮丨丞 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>毓丿賾賱</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=history" title="丕賱賳爻禺丕賱爻丕亘賯丞賱賴匕賴丕賱氐賮丨丞 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>鬲丕乇賷禺</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲丕賱氐賮丨丞"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賲馗賴乇</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">丕賳賯賱賱賱卮乇賷胤丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">賲賳賵賷賰賷亘賷丿賷丕貙丕賱賲賵爻賵毓丞丕賱丨乇丞</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ar" dir="rtl"><p><b>賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩</b> 賴賵賲噩鬲賴丿賲賯賷丿賮賷 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="丕噩鬲賴丕丿 (廿爻賱丕賲)">丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴</a> 亘賲匕賴亘賲賳丕賱賲匕丕賴亘丕賱賮賯賴賷丞貙賵賷賰賵賳賲噩鬲賴丿丕賲賯賷丿丕賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴貙賵賱丕賷賰賵賳丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴賮賷噩賲賷毓兀丨賰丕賲丕賱卮乇毓貙賵賱丕賮賷賰賱兀亘賵丕亘丕賱賮賯賴貙亘賱賷賰賵賳丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴賮賷丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賵丕賱丕爻鬲賳亘丕胤賮賷賲丕賱賷爻亘賲賳氐賵氐毓賱賷賴賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴貙賮賷爻鬲賯賱亘鬲賯乇賷乇匕賱賰亘丕賱丿賱賷賱貙睾賷乇兀賳賴賱丕賷鬲噩丕賵夭賮賷兀丿賱鬲賴兀氐賵賱廿賲丕賲賴賵賯賵丕毓丿賴貙賵賲賳卮兀賳賴兀賳賷賰賵賳毓丕賱賲丕 <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" title="賮賯賴廿爻賱丕賲賷">亘丕賱賮賯賴</a> 禺亘賷乇丕 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴">亘兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴</a>貙毓丕乇賮丕亘兀丿賱丞丕賱兀丨賰丕賲鬲賮氐賷賱丕貙亘氐賷乇丕亘賲爻丕賱賰丕賱兀賯賷爻丞賵丕賱賲毓丕賳賷鬲丕賲丕賱丕乇鬲賷丕囟賮賷丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賵丕賱丕爻鬲賳亘丕胤賯賷賲丕亘廿賱丨丕賯賲丕賱賷爻亘賲賳氐賵氐毓賱賷賴賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴亘兀氐賵賱賲匕賴亘賴賵賯賵丕毓丿賴. 賵賷鬲禺匕兀氐賵賱賳氐賵氐廿賲丕賲賴兀氐賵賱丕賷爻鬲賳亘胤賲賳賴丕鬲賱賰丕賱兀丨賰丕賲貙賰賲丕賷賮毓賱丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱亘賳氐賵氐丕賱卮丕乇毓貙賵乇亘賲丕賲乇亘賴丕賱丨賰賲賵賯丿匕賰乇賴廿賲丕賲賴亘丿賱賷賱賴賮賷賰鬲賮賷亘匕賱賰賵賱丕賷亘丨孬賴賱賱匕賱賰丕賱丿賱賷賱賲賳賲毓丕乇囟. 賵賴賵賲毓匕賱賰賱丕賷禺賱賵毓賳卮賵亘賲賳丕賱鬲賯賱賷丿賱廿賲丕賲賴貨賱廿禺賱丕賱賴亘亘毓囟丕賱毓賱賵賲賵丕賱兀丿賵丕鬲丕賱賲毓鬲亘乇丞賮賷丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱貙賰丕賱廿禺賱丕賱亘毓賱賲丕賱丨丿賷孬兀賵亘毓賱賲丕賱賱睾丞丕賱毓乇亘賷丞. 賮賴賵賱丕賷爻鬲賵賮賷丕賱賳馗乇賮賷卮乇賵胤賴賰賲丕賷賮毓賱賴丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱貙賯丕賱丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨: 賵賴匕賴氐賮丞 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%87" title="兀氐丨丕亘丕賱賵噩賵賴">兀氐丨丕亘丕賱賵噩賵賴</a> 賵丕賱胤乇賯賮賷丕賱賲匕賴亘賵毓賱賶賴匕賴丕賱氐賮丞賰丕賳兀卅賲丞兀氐丨丕亘賳丕兀賵兀賰孬乇賴賲貙賵賲賳賰丕賳賴匕丕卮兀賳賴賮丕賱毓丕賲賱亘賮鬲賷丕賴賲賯賱丿賱廿賲丕賲丞賱丕賱賴賲毓賵賱賴毓賱賶氐丨丞廿囟丕賮丞賲丕賷賯賵賱賴廿賱賶廿賲丕賲賴賱毓丿賲丕爻鬲賯賱丕賱賴亘鬲氐丨賷丨賳爻亘鬲賴廿賱賶丕賱卮丕乇毓.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>賵賷賰賵賳賲噩鬲賴丿丕賲賯賷丿丕亘賲毓賳賶: 兀賳賴睾賷乇賲爻鬲賯賱賮賷丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴亘賱賷賰賵賳賲賯賷丿丕賲賳丨賷孬兀賳丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴賷賰賵賳賲賯賷丿丕賮賷賲丕賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴貙賵賷丐禺匕賲賳賴匕丕: 兀賳丕爻鬲賯賱丕賱丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱賲賯賷丿賷賰賵賳亘丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿賵丕賱賮鬲賵賶賮賷賲爻兀賱丞禺丕氐丞兀賵賮賷亘丕亘禺丕氐. <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81" title="兀亘賵亘賰乇丕賱禺氐丕賮">賰丕賱禺氐丕賮</a> 賵丕賱胤丨丕賵賷賵丕賱賰乇禺賷賵丕賱丨賱賵丕賳賷賵丕賱爻乇禺爻賷賵丕賱亘夭丿賵賷賵賯丕囟賷禺丕賳賲賳丕賱丨賳賮賷丞貙賵丕賱兀亘賴乇賷賵丕亘賳兀亘賷夭賷丿丕賱賯賷乇賵丕賳賷賲賳丕賱賲丕賱賰賷丞貙賵兀亘賷廿爻丨丕賯丕賱卮賷乇丕夭賷賵丕賱賲乇賵匕賷賵賲丨賲丿亘賳噩乇賷乇丕賱胤亘乇賷賵兀亘賷賳氐乇賵丕亘賳禺夭賷賲丞賲賳丕賱卮丕賮毓賷丞貙賵丕賱賯丕囟賷兀亘賷賷毓賱賶賵丕賱賯丕囟賷兀亘賷毓賱賷亘賳兀亘賷賲賵爻賶賲賳丕賱丨賳丕亘賱丞. 賵賷爻賲賶賴丐賱丕亍兀氐丨丕亘丕賱賵噩賵賴賵丕賱胤乇賯賮賷丕賱賲匕賴亘賵鬲賰賵賳賴匕賴丕賱兀賯賵丕賱賲賳爻賵亘丞賱兀氐丨丕亘廿賲丕賲丕賱賲匕賴亘貙賱丕賱廿賲丕賲丕賱賲匕賴亘. 賵賮賷丕賱鬲賯爻賷賲丕賱匕賷匕賰乇賴 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%82%D9%8A" title="丕亘賳毓丕亘丿賷賳丕賱丿賲卮賯賷">丕亘賳毓丕亘丿賷賳</a> 賷毓丿賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷丕賱賲乇鬲亘丞丕賱乇丕亘毓丞亘毓丿賲乇鬲亘丞丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱丕賱鬲賷賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴丕賮賷丕賱賲匕賴亘貙賵賱丕賮乇賯毓賳丿丕賱噩賲賴賵乇亘賷賳賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賵亘賷賳丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱丕賱鬲賷賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴丕貙賮賰賱丕賴賲丕賮賷乇鬲亘丞賵丕丨丿丞. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷賲丕_賱丕_賳氐_毓賱賷賴"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AA.D8.AE.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.AC_.D9.81.D9.8A.D9.85.D8.A7_.D9.84.D8.A7_.D9.86.D8.B5_.D8.B9.D9.84.D9.8A.D9.87"></span>丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷賲丕賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=edit&section=1" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷賲丕賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>賷毓乇賮丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷賲丕賱丕賳氐毓賱賷賴賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲丕賱賲匕賴亘亘兀賳賴: 廿賱丨丕賯丕賱丨賰賲賮賷賲丕賱賲賷賳氐毓賱賷賴廿賲丕賲賲匕賴亘賴亘賲丕賳氐毓賱賷賴廿賱賷賴廿賲丕賲賴. 賯丕賱丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨: 賷噩賵夭賱賴兀賳賷賮鬲賷賮賷賲丕賱丕賷噩丿賴賲賳兀丨賰丕賲丕賱賵賯丕卅毓賲賳氐賵氐丕毓賱賷賴賱廿賲丕賲賴亘賲丕賷禺乇噩賴丕毓賱賶賲匕賴亘賴貙賴匕丕賴賵丕賱氐丨賷丨丕賱匕賷毓賱賷賴丕賱毓賲賱賵廿賱賷賴賲賮夭毓丕賱賲賮鬲賷賳賲賳賲丿丿賲丿賷丿丞. 賮丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賮賷賲匕賴亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷賲孬賱丕丕賱賲丨賷胤亘賯賵丕毓丿賲匕賴亘賴丕賱賲鬲丿乇亘賮賷賲賯丕賷賷爻賴賵爻亘賱賲鬲賮乇賯丕鬲賴賵鬲賳夭賱賰賲丕賯丿賲賳丕匕賰乇賴賮賷丕賱廿賱丨丕賯亘賲賳氐賵氐丕鬲賴賵賯賵丕毓丿賲匕賴亘賴賲賳夭賱丞丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱賮賷廿賱丨丕賯賴賲丕賱賲賷賳氐毓賱賷賴丕賱卮丕乇毓亘賲丕賳氐毓賱賷賴賵賴匕丕兀賯丿乇毓賱賶賴匕丕賲賳匕丕賰毓賱賶匕丕賰賮廿賳賴匕丕賷噩丿賮賷賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴賲賳丕賱賯賵丕毓丿丕賱賲賲賴丿丞賵丕賱囟賵丕亘胤丕賱賲賴匕亘丞賲丕賱丕賷噩丿賴丕賱賲爻鬲賯賱賮賷兀氐賵賱丕賱卮乇毓賵賳氐賵氐賴. 孬賲廿賳丕賱賲爻鬲賮鬲賷賮賷賲丕賷賮鬲賷賴亘賴賲賳鬲禺乇賷噩賴賴匕丕賲賯賱丿賱廿賲丕賲賴賱丕賱賴貙賯胤毓亘賴匕丕丕賱卮賷禺兀亘賵丕賱賲毓丕賱賷丕亘賳丕賱噩賵賷賳賷賮賷賰鬲丕亘賴丕賱睾賷丕孬賷貙賵兀賳丕兀賯賵賱賷賳亘睾賷兀賳賷禺乇噩賴匕丕毓賱賶禺賱丕賮丨賰丕賴丕賱卮賷禺兀亘賵廿爻丨丕賯丕賱卮賷乇丕夭賷賮賷兀賳賲丕賷禺乇噩賴兀氐丨丕亘賳丕乇丨賲賴賲丕賱賱賴毓賱賶賲匕賴亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷 -乇丨賲賴丕賱賱賴- 賴賱賷噩賵夭兀賳賷賳爻亘廿賱賷賴責賵丕禺鬲丕乇丕賱卮賷禺兀亘賵廿爻丨丕賯兀賳賴賱丕賷噩賵夭兀賳賷賳爻亘廿賱賷賴.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="兀賳賵丕毓_丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩_賮賷_丕賱賲爻丕卅賱"><span id=".D8.A3.D9.86.D9.88.D8.A7.D8.B9_.D8.A7.D9.84.D8.AA.D8.AE.D8.B1.D9.8A.D8.AC_.D9.81.D9.8A_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.B3.D8.A7.D8.A6.D9.84"></span>兀賳賵丕毓丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=edit&section=2" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 兀賳賵丕毓丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷丕賱賲爻丕卅賱"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>鬲禺乇賷噩丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿鬲丕乇丞賷賰賵賳鬲禺乇賷噩丕賲賳賳氐賲毓賷賳賱廿賲丕賲賴賮賷賲爻兀賱丞賲毓賷賳丞貙賵鬲丕乇丞賱丕賷噩丿賱廿賲丕賲賴賳氐丕賲毓賷賳丕賷禺乇噩賲賳賴貙賮賮賷丕賱丨丕賱丞丕賱兀賵賱賶賲賳丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷氐賵乇丞賮賷賴丕賳氐賱廿賲丕賲賴. 賵廿賳賵賯毓賴匕丕丕賱賳賵毓賲賳丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷氐賵乇丞賮賷賴丕賳氐賱廿賲丕賲賴賲禺乇噩丕禺賱丕賮賳氐賴賮賷賴丕賲賳賳氐丌禺乇賮賷氐賵乇丞兀禺乇賶爻賲賷賯賵賱丕賲禺乇噩丕. 賵賮賷丕賱丨丕賱丞丕賱孬丕賳賷丞丕賱鬲賷賱丕賷噩丿賱廿賲丕賲賴賳氐丕賲毓賷賳丕賷禺乇噩賲賳賴貙賮賷禺乇噩毓賱賶賵賮賯兀氐賵賱賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴亘兀賳賷噩丿丿賱賷賱丕賲賳噩賳爻賲丕賷丨鬲噩亘賴廿賲丕賲賴賵毓賱賶卮乇胤賴貙賮賷賮鬲賷亘賲賵噩亘賴. 賵廿匕丕賵賯毓丕賱賳賵毓丕賱孬丕賳賷賮賷氐賵乇丞賯丿賯丕賱賮賷賴丕亘毓囟丕賱兀氐丨丕亘睾賷乇匕賱賰爻賲賷匕賱賰賵噩賴丕貙賵賷賯丕賱: 賮賷賴丕賵噩賴丕賳. </p><p>賯丕賱 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨">丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨</a>: 芦<span class="citationTemplate" style="font-size:1em"><span class="script-arabic">賵卮乇胤丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩丕賱賲匕賰賵乇毓賳丿丕禺鬲賱丕賮丕賱賳氐賷賳兀賳賱丕賷噩丿亘賷賳丕賱賲爻兀賱鬲賷賳賮丕乇賯丕賵賱廿賲丕賲賴賮賷賲孬賱匕賱賰兀賷毓賱丞噩丕賲毓丞賵賴賵賲賳賯亘賷賱廿賱丨丕賯丕賱兀賲丞亘丕賱毓亘丿賮賷賯賵賱賴 <span class="script-arabic" style="font-size:140%;">ﷺ</span>: "賲賳兀毓鬲賯卮乇賰丕賱賴賮賷毓亘丿賯賵賲毓賱賷賴". 賵賲賴賲丕兀賲賰賳賴丕賱賮乇賯亘賷賳丕賱賲爻兀賱鬲賷賳賱賲賷噩夭賱賴毓賱賶丕賱兀氐丨丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賱夭賲賴鬲賯乇賷乇丕賱賳馗賷乇毓賱賶馗丕賴乇賴賲丕賲毓鬲賲丿丕毓賱賶丕賱賮丕乇賯賵賰孬賷乇賲丕賷禺鬲賱賮賵賳賮賷丕賱賯賵賱亘丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賮賷賲孬賱匕賱賰賱丕禺鬲賱丕賮賴賲賮賷廿賲賰丕賳丕賱賮乇賯</span></span>禄.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="丕賱賳氐_賵丕賱賲禺乇噩"><span id=".D8.A7.D9.84.D9.86.D8.B5_.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.AE.D8.B1.D8.AC"></span>丕賱賳氐賵丕賱賲禺乇噩</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=edit&section=3" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 丕賱賳氐賵丕賱賲禺乇噩"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>丕賱賲賳氐賵氐兀賵丕賱賳氐賴賵: 賲丕賳氐毓賱賷賴廿賲丕賲丕賱賲匕賴亘賮賷賲爻兀賱丞. 賵丕賱賲禺乇噩賴賵: 丕賱匕賷賷賯賵賲丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿亘鬲禺乇賷噩賴賲賳丕賱賲賳氐賵氐賮賷賳馗賷乇丕賱賲爻兀賱丞毓賱賶丨賰賲賲禺丕賱賮. 賲孬丕賱賴: 賳氐丕賱卮丕賮毓賷賮賷賲囟睾丞 -賯丕賱丕賱賯賵丕亘賱賱賵亘賯賷鬲賱鬲氐賵乇鬲- 毓賱賶丕賳賯囟丕亍丕賱毓丿丞亘賴丕貨賱兀賳賲丿丕乇賴丕毓賱賶鬲賷賯賳亘乇丕亍丞丕賱乇丨賲貙賵賯丿賵噩丿. 賵丕賱賲毓賳賶: 兀賳丕賳賯囟丕亍丕賱毓丿丞賷丨氐賱亘禺乇賵噩丕賱賲囟睾丞丕賱鬲賷賯丕賱鬲丕賱賯賵丕亘賱: 兀賳賴丕賱賵亘賯賷鬲賱鬲氐賵鬲貨賱兀賳賲丿丕乇丕賳賯囟丕亍賲亘賳賷毓賱賶鬲賷賯賳亘乇丕亍丞丕賱乇丨賲賵賯丿丨氐賱匕賱賰亘丕賱賲囟睾丞. 賵毓丿賲丨氐賵賱兀賲賷丞丕賱賵賱丿亘丕賱賲囟睾丞貨賱兀賳賲丿丕乇賴丕毓賱賶賵噩賵丿丕爻賲丕賱賵賱丿貙賵賱賲賷賵噩丿. </p><p>賯丕賱 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%8A" title="丕亘賳丨噩乇丕賱賴賷鬲賲賷">丕亘賳丨噩乇</a> 賮賷丕賱鬲丨賮丞毓賱賶賯賵賱賴: (賲禺乇噩): 賲賳賳氐賴賮賷賳馗賷乇丕賱賲爻兀賱丞毓賱賶丨賰賲賲禺丕賱賮亘兀賳賷賳賯賱亘毓囟兀氐丨丕亘賴賳氐賰賱廿賱賶丕賱兀禺乇賶賮賷噩鬲賲毓賮賷賰賱賲賳氐賵氐賵賲禺乇噩貙孬賲丕賱乇丕噩丨廿賲丕丕賱賲禺乇噩賵廿賲丕丕賱賲賳氐賵氐賵廿賲丕鬲賯乇賷乇丕賱賳氐賷賳賵丕賱賮乇賯賵賴賵丕賱兀睾賱亘賵賲賳賴丕賱賳氐賮賷賲囟睾丞賯丕賱丕賱賯賵丕亘賱賱賵亘賯賷鬲賱鬲氐賵乇鬲毓賱賶丕賳賯囟丕亍丕賱毓丿丞亘賴丕貨賱兀賳賲丿丕乇賴丕毓賱賶鬲賷賯賳亘乇丕亍丞丕賱乇丨賲貙賵賯丿賵噩丿賵毓丿賲丨氐賵賱兀賲賷丞丕賱賵賱丿亘賴丕貨賱兀賳賲丿丕乇賴丕毓賱賶賵噩賵丿丕爻賲丕賱賵賱丿貙賵賱賲賷賵噩丿.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>賯丕賱丕賱乇賲賱賷賮賷丕賱賳賴丕賷丞:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賵賷賰賵賳賴賳丕賰兀賷: 賲賯丕亘賱賴賵噩賴囟毓賷賮兀賵賯賵賱賲禺乇噩賲賳賳氐賱賴賮賷賳馗賷乇丕賱賲爻兀賱丞賱丕賷毓賲賱亘賴. 賵賰賷賮賷丞丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩賰賲丕賯丕賱賴丕賱乇丕賮毓賷賮賷亘丕亘丕賱鬲賷賲賲兀賳賷噩賷亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷亘丨賰賲賷賳賲禺鬲賱賮賷賳賮賷氐賵乇鬲賷賳賲鬲卮丕亘賴鬲賷賳賵賱賲賷馗賴乇賲丕賷氐賱丨賱賱賮乇賯亘賷賳賴賲丕貙賮賷賳賯賱丕賱兀氐丨丕亘噩賵丕亘賴賲賳賰賱氐賵乇丞廿賱賶丕賱兀禺乇賶賮賷丨氐賱賮賷賰賱氐賵乇丞賲賳賴賲丕賯賵賱丕賳賲賳氐賵氐賵賲禺乇噩貙丕賱賲賳氐賵氐賮賷賴匕賴賴賵丕賱賲禺乇噩賮賷鬲賱賰貙賵丕賱賲賳氐賵氐賮賷鬲賱賰賴賵丕賱賲禺乇噩賮賷賴匕賴貙賵丨賷賳卅匕賮賷賯賵賱賵賳賯賵賱丕賳亘丕賱賳賯賱賵丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩兀賷賳賯賱丕賱賲賳氐賵氐賲賳賴匕賴丕賱氐賵乇丞廿賱賶鬲賱賰賵禺乇噩賮賷賴丕賵賰匕賱賰亘丕賱毓賰爻貙賯丕賱: 賵賷噩賵夭兀賳賷賰賵賳丕賱賲乇丕丿亘丕賱賳賯賱丕賱乇賵丕賷丞. 賵丕賱賲毓賳賶: 兀賳賮賷賰賱賲賳丕賱氐賵乇鬲賷賳賯賵賱丕賲賳氐賵氐丕賵丌禺乇賲禺乇噩丕貙孬賲丕賱睾丕賱亘賮賷賲孬賱賴匕丕毓丿賲廿胤亘丕賯丕賱兀氐丨丕亘毓賱賶丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩貙亘賱賷賳賯爻賲賵賳廿賱賶賮乇賷賯賷賳: 賮乇賷賯賷禺乇噩貙賵賮乇賷賯賷賲鬲賳毓賵賷爻鬲禺乇噩賮丕乇賯丕亘賷賳丕賱氐賵乇鬲賷賳賱賷爻鬲賳丿廿賱賷賴. 賵賯丕賱兀賷囟丕: 丕賱兀氐丨兀賳丕賱賯賵賱丕賱賲禺乇噩賱丕賷賳爻亘賱賱卮丕賮毓賷廿賱丕賲賯賷丿丕貨賱兀賳賴乇亘賲丕賷匕賰乇賮乇賯丕馗丕賴乇丕賱賵乇賵噩毓賮賷賴.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>賵賯丕賱丕賱賳賵賵賷: 芦賵丨賷孬兀賯賵賱丕賱噩丿賷丿賮丕賱賯丿賷賲禺賱丕賮賴兀賵丕賱賯丿賷賲兀賵賮賷賯賵賱賯丿賷賲賮丕賱噩丿賷丿禺賱丕賮賴禄.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賵賯丕賱丕賱乇賲賱賷賮賷丕賱賳賴丕賷丞: 賵丕賱賯丿賷賲賲丕賯丕賱賴丕賱卮丕賮毓賷亘丕賱毓乇丕賯兀賵賯亘賱丕賳鬲賯丕賱賴廿賱賶賲氐乇貙賵兀卮賴乇乇賵丕鬲賴兀丨賲丿亘賳丨賳亘賱賵丕賱夭毓賮乇丕賳賷賵丕賱賰乇丕亘賷爻賷賵兀亘賵孬賵乇貙賵賯丿乇噩毓丕賱卮丕賮毓賷毓賳賴乇囟賷丕賱賱賴毓賳賴賵賯丕賱: 賱丕兀噩毓賱賮賷丨賱賲賳乇賵丕賴毓賳賷. 賵賯丕賱丕賱廿賲丕賲: 賱丕賷丨賱毓丿丕賱賯丿賷賲賲賳丕賱賲匕賴亘貙賵賯丕賱丕賱賲丕賵乇丿賷賮賷兀孬賳丕亍賰鬲丕亘丕賱氐丿丕賯: 睾賷乇丕賱卮丕賮毓賷噩賲賷毓賰鬲亘賴丕賱賯丿賷賲丞賮賷丕賱噩丿賷丿廿賱丕丕賱氐丿丕賯賮廿賳賴囟乇亘毓賱賶賲賵丕囟毓賲賳賴賵夭丕丿賲賵丕囟毓. </p><p>賵丕賱噩丿賷丿賲丕賯丕賱賴亘賲氐乇貙賵兀卮賴乇乇賵丕鬲賴丕賱亘賵賷胤賷賵丕賱賲夭賳賷賵丕賱乇亘賷毓丕賱賲乇丕丿賷賵丕賱乇亘賷毓丕賱噩賷夭賷賵丨乇賲賱丞賵賷賵賳爻亘賳毓亘丿丕賱兀毓賱賶賵毓亘丿丕賱賱賴亘賳丕賱夭亘賷乇丕賱賲賰賷賵賲丨賲丿亘賳毓亘丿丕賱賱賴亘賳毓亘丿丕賱丨賰賲賵兀亘賵賴貙賵賱賲賷賯毓賱賱賲氐賳賮丕賱鬲毓亘賷乇亘賯賵賱賴賵賮賷賯賵賱賯丿賷賲貙賵賱毓賱賴馗賳氐丿賵乇匕賱賰賲賳賴賮賷賴貙賵廿匕丕賰丕賳賮賷丕賱賲爻兀賱丞賯賵賱丕賳賯丿賷賲賵噩丿賷丿賮丕賱噩丿賷丿賴賵丕賱賲毓賲賵賱亘賴廿賱丕賮賷賳丨賵爻亘毓毓卮乇丞賲爻兀賱丞兀賮鬲賶賮賷賴丕亘丕賱賯丿賷賲. </p><p>賯丕賱亘毓囟賴賲: 賵賯丿鬲鬲亘毓賲丕兀賮鬲賶賮賷賴亘丕賱賯丿賷賲賮賵噩丿賲賳氐賵氐丕毓賱賷賴賮賷丕賱噩丿賷丿兀賷囟丕貙賵賯丿賳亘賴賮賷丕賱賲噩賲賵毓毓賱賶卮賷卅賷賳: 兀丨丿賴賲丕兀賳廿賮鬲丕亍丕賱兀氐丨丕亘亘丕賱賯丿賷賲賮賷亘毓囟丕賱賲爻丕卅賱賲丨賲賵賱毓賱賶兀賳丕噩鬲賴丕丿賴賲兀丿丕賴賲廿賱賷賴賱馗賴賵乇丿賱賷賱賴賵賱丕賷賱夭賲賵賲賳匕賱賰賳爻亘鬲賴廿賱賶丕賱卮丕賮毓賷貙賯丕賱: 賵丨賷賳卅匕賮賲賳賱賷爻兀賴賱丕賱賱鬲禺乇賷噩賷鬲毓賷賳毓賱賷賴丕賱毓賲賱賵丕賱賮鬲賵賶亘丕賱噩丿賷丿貙賵賲賳賰丕賳兀賴賱丕賱賱鬲禺乇賷噩賵丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿賮賷丕賱賲匕賴亘賷賱夭賲賴丕鬲亘丕毓賲丕丕賯鬲囟丕賴丕賱丿賱賷賱賮賷丕賱毓賲賱賵丕賱賮鬲賵賶賲亘賷賳丕兀賳賴匕丕乇兀賷賴賵兀賳賲匕賴亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷賰匕丕賵賰匕丕貙賯丕賱: 賵賴匕丕賰賱賴賮賷賯丿賷賲賱賲賷毓囟丿賴丨丿賷孬賱丕賲毓丕乇囟賱賴貙賮廿賳丕毓鬲囟丿亘匕賱賰賮賴賵賲匕賴亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷貙賮賯丿氐丨兀賳賴賯丕賱: 廿匕丕氐丨丕賱丨丿賷孬賮賴賵賲匕賴亘賷. 丕賱孬丕賳賷兀賳賯賵賱賴賲廿賳丕賱賯丿賷賲賲乇噩賵毓毓賳賴賵賱賷爻亘賲匕賴亘丕賱卮丕賮毓賷賲丨賱賴賮賷賯丿賷賲賳氐賮賷丕賱噩丿賷丿毓賱賶禺賱丕賮賴貙兀賲丕<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賯丿賷賲賱賲賷鬲毓乇囟賮賷丕賱噩丿賷丿賱賲丕賷賵丕賮賯賴賵賱丕賱賲丕賷禺丕賱賮賴賮廿賳賴賲匕賴亘賴貙賵廿匕丕賰丕賳賮賷丕賱噩丿賷丿賯賵賱丕賳賮丕賱毓賲賱亘賲丕乇噩丨賴丕賱卮丕賮毓賷貙賮廿賳賱賲賷毓賱賲賮亘兀丨丿賴賲丕貙賵廿賳賯丕賱賴賲丕賮賷賵賯鬲賵丕丨丿賵賱賲賷乇噩丨卮賷卅丕賵匕賱賰賯賱賷賱兀賵賱賲賷毓賱賲賴賱賯丕賱賴賲丕兀賵賲乇鬲亘丕賱夭賲丕賱亘丨孬毓賳兀乇噩丨賴賲丕亘卮乇胤丕賱兀賴賱賷丞貙賮廿賳兀卮賰賱鬲賵賯賮賮賷賴賰賲丕賲乇廿賷囟丕丨賴.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="卮乇賵胤_丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿"><span id=".D8.B4.D8.B1.D9.88.D8.B7_.D8.A7.D9.84.D9.85.D8.AC.D8.AA.D9.87.D8.AF"></span>卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AC&action=edit&section=4" title="毓丿賱丕賱賯爻賲: 卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿"><span>毓丿賱</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賯爻賲丕賳兀丨丿賴丕: 卮乇賵胤毓丕賲丞賵賴賷丕賱卮乇賵胤丕賱鬲賷賷賱夭賲兀賳鬲噩鬲賲毓賮賷噩賲賷毓兀氐賳丕賮丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賷賳貙賵賮賷賲賳賷鬲賵賱賶丕賱廿賮鬲丕亍賵丕賱賯囟丕亍亘兀賳賷賲鬲賱賰丕賱兀賴賱賷丞賵丕賱賰賮丕亍丞丕賱毓賱賲賷丞賵丕賱賲毓乇賮丞亘丕賱兀丨賰丕賲丕賱卮乇毓賷丞貙賵兀賳賱賲賷亘賱睾乇鬲亘丞丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿丕賱賲胤賱賯貙賵賯丿匕賰乇賴丕 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨">丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨</a> 賮賷兀丿亘丕賱賮鬲賷丕貙賵匕賰乇賴丕 <a href="/wiki/%D9%8A%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%89_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A" title="賷丨賷賶亘賳卮乇賮丕賱賳賵賵賷">丕賱賳賵賵賷</a> 賮賷丕賱賲噩賲賵毓賮賯丕賱: 芦<span class="citationTemplate" style="font-size:1em"><span class="script-arabic">卮乇胤丕賱賲賮鬲賷賰賵賳賴賲賰賱賮丕賲爻賱賲丕賵孬賯丞賲兀賲賵賳丕賲鬲賳夭賴丕毓賳兀爻亘丕亘丕賱賮爻賯賵禺賵丕乇賲丕賱賲乇賵亍丞貙賮賯賷賴丕賱賳賮爻貙爻賱賷賲丕賱匕賴賳貙乇氐賷賳丕賱賮賰乇貙氐丨賷丨丕賱鬲氐乇賮賵丕賱丕爻鬲賳亘丕胤貙賲鬲賷賯馗丕</span></span>禄.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賵賯丕賱兀賷囟丕: 賷卮鬲乇胤賮賷丕賱賲賮鬲賷丕賱賲賳鬲爻亘廿賱賶賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賰賲丕爻亘賯兀賳賷賰賵賳 <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3" title="賮賯賴丕賱賳賮爻">賮賯賷賴丕賱賳賮爻</a>貙丨丕賮馗丕賲匕賴亘廿賲丕賲賴貙匕丕禺亘乇丞亘賯賵丕毓丿賴貙賵兀爻丕賱賷亘賴賵賳氐賵氐賴.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賵卮乇賵胤丕賱賲賮鬲賷賵氐賮丕鬲賴賰賲丕匕賰乇賴丕丕亘賳丕賱氐賱丕丨賴賷: 兀賳賷賰賵賳賲賰賱賮丕賲爻賱賲丕孬賯丞賲兀賲賵賳丕賲賳夭賴丕賲賳兀爻亘丕亘丕賱賮爻賯賵賲爻賯胤丕鬲丕賱賲乇賵亍丞貨賱兀賳賲賳賱賲賷賰賳賰匕賱賰賮賯賵賱賴睾賷乇氐丕賱丨賱賱丕毓鬲賲丕丿 -賵廿賳賰丕賳賲賳兀賴賱丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿- 賵賷賰賵賳 <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3" title="賮賯賴丕賱賳賮爻">賮賯賷賴丕賱賳賮爻</a> 爻賱賷賲丕賱匕賴賳乇氐賷賳丕賱賮賰乇氐丨賷丨丕賱鬲氐乇賮賵丕賱丕爻鬲賳亘丕胤賲鬲賷賯馗丕. 賵賴匕賴卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿亘賵噩賴毓丕賲. </p><p>丕賱賯爻賲丕賱孬丕賳賷賲賳卮乇賵胤丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賮賷賲丕廿匕丕賰丕賳丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿賮賷乇鬲亘丞丕賱賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱賲胤賱賯貨賮賷卮鬲乇胤賮賷賴賲毓賴匕賴丕賱卮乇賵胤丕賱爻丕亘賯丞賵噩賵丿卮乇賵胤廿囟丕賮賷丞兀禺乇賶賲賳賴丕: 兀賳賷賰賵賳賯賷賲丕亘賲毓乇賮丞兀丿賱丞丕賱兀丨賰丕賲丕賱卮乇毓賷丞賲賳 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86" title="丕賱賯乇丌賳">丕賱賰鬲丕亘</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A" title="丕賱丨丿賷孬丕賱賳亘賵賷">賵丕賱爻賳丞</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="廿噩賲丕毓 (賮賯賴)">賵丕賱廿噩賲丕毓</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="賯賷丕爻 (廿爻賱丕賲)">賵丕賱賯賷丕爻</a> 賵賲丕丕賱鬲丨賯亘賴丕毓賱賶丕賱鬲賮氐賷賱丕賱賲匕賰賵乇賮賷賰鬲亘丕賱賮賯賴賵睾賷乇賴丕貙<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 賵兀賳賷賰賵賳毓丕賱賲丕亘賲丕賷卮鬲乇胤賮賷丕賱兀丿賱丞賵賵噩賵賴丿賱丕賱丕鬲賴丕貙賵賷賰賮賷賴丕賯鬲亘丕爻丕賱兀丨賰丕賲賲賳賴丕賵匕賱賰賷爻鬲賮丕丿賲賳毓賱賲 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴">兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴</a>貙賵兀賳賷賰賵賳毓丕乇賮丕賲賳 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毓賱賲丕賱賯乇丌賳 (丕賱氐賮丨丞睾賷乇賲賵噩賵丿丞)">毓賱賲丕賱賯乇丌賳</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="毓賱賲丕賱丨丿賷孬">賵毓賱賲丕賱丨丿賷孬</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AE_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毓賱賲丕賱賳丕爻禺賵丕賱賲賳爻賵禺 (丕賱氐賮丨丞睾賷乇賲賵噩賵丿丞)">賵毓賱賲丕賱賳丕爻禺賵丕賱賲賳爻賵禺</a> 賵毓賱賲賷 <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AD%D9%88" title="毓賱賲丕賱賳丨賵">丕賱賳丨賵</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="毓賱賲丕賱賱睾丞 (賱睾丞毓乇亘賷丞)">賵丕賱賱睾丞</a>貙賵兀禺鬲賱丕賮丕賱毓賱賲丕亍賵丕鬲賮丕賯賴賲亘丕賱賯丿乇丕賱匕賷賷鬲賲賰賳亘賴賲賳丕賱賵賮丕亍亘卮乇賵胤丕賱兀丿賱丞賵丕賱丕賯鬲亘丕爻賲賳賴丕貙賵兀賳賷賰賵賳匕丕丿乇丕賷丞賵丕乇鬲賷丕囟賮賷丕爻鬲毓賲丕賱匕賱賰貙賵兀賳賷賰賵賳毓丕賱賲丕 <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A" title="賮賯賴廿爻賱丕賲賷">亘丕賱賮賯賴</a> 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title="毓乇囟賴匕丕丕賱賯丕賱亘">毓</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-賳丕賯卮"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="賳賯丕卮丕賱賯丕賱亘:兀氐賵賱賮賯賴"><abbr title="賳丕賯卮賴匕丕丕賱賯丕賱亘">賳</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-毓丿賱"><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8:%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87&action=edit"><abbr title="毓丿賱賴匕丕丕賱賯丕賱亘">鬲</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="毓賱賲_兀氐賵賱_丕賱賮賯賴_丕賱廿爻賱丕賲賷" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">毓賱賲 <a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴">兀氐賵賱丕賱賮賯賴丕賱廿爻賱丕賲賷</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">賲賯丿賲丕鬲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="毓賱賲">毓賱賲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%84" 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<li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9" title="禺胤丕亘丕賱賵囟毓">禺胤丕亘丕賱賵囟毓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81" title="爻賵丕賱亘丕賱鬲賰賱賷賮">爻賵丕賱亘丕賱鬲賰賱賷賮</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">兀賳賵丕毓丕賱兀丨賰丕賲丕賱卮乇毓賷丞</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="丕賱兀丨賰丕賲丕賱鬲賰賱賷賮賷丞">鬲賰賱賷賮賷</a> </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6" title="賮乇囟">丕賱賮乇囟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86" title="賮乇囟毓賷賳">賮乇囟毓賷賳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D9%83%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="賮乇囟賰賮丕賷丞">賮乇囟賰賮丕賷丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="賵丕噩亘卮乇毓賷">賵丕噩亘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%A8" title="丕賱賲賳丿賵亘">賲賳丿賵亘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A4%D9%83%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="爻賳丞賲丐賰丿丞">爻賳丞賲丐賰丿丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="丨乇丕賲">丨乇丕賲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%87" title="賲賰乇賵賴">賲賰乇賵賴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AD" title="賲亘丕丨">賲亘丕丨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%89" title="禺賱丕賮丕賱兀賵賱賶">禺賱丕賮丕賱兀賵賱賶</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9" title="禺胤丕亘丕賱賵囟毓">賵囟毓賷</a> </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A8_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="爻亘亘卮乇毓賷">爻亘亘</a></li> <li>卮乇胤</li> <li>賲丕賳毓</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="丕賱氐丨丞賵丕賱亘胤賱丕賳">丕賱氐丨丞賵丕賱亘胤賱丕賳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84" class="mw-redirect" title="亘丕胤賱">亘丕胤賱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A9" title="丕賱毓夭賷賲丞賵丕賱乇禺氐丞">丕賱毓夭賷賲丞賵丕賱乇禺氐丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9" title="毓夭賷賲丞">丕賱毓夭賷賲丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="乇禺氐丞卮乇毓賷丞">丕賱乇禺氐丞</a></li> <li>丕賱兀丿丕亍賵丕賱賯氐丕亍賵丕賱廿毓丕丿丞</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87" title="兀丿賱丞丕賱賮賯賴">兀丿賱丞丕賱賮賯賴</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">兀氐賱丕賱兀丿賱丞 </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="賰鬲丕亘">丕賱賰鬲丕亘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="爻賳丞 (廿爻賱丕賲)">丕賱爻賳丞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">兀丿賱丞兀爻丕爻賷丞 </div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B5" title="賳氐">丕賱賳氐</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86" title="丕賱賯乇丌賳">丕賱賯乇丌賳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A" title="丕賱丨丿賷孬丕賱賳亘賵賷">丕賱爻賳丞</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="廿噩賲丕毓 (賮賯賴)">丕賱廿噩賲丕毓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="賯賷丕爻 (廿爻賱丕賲)">丕賱賯賷丕爻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84" title="毓賯賱">丕賱毓賯賱</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">丕賱丕爻鬲丿賱丕賱</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="丕噩鬲賴丕丿 (廿爻賱丕賲)">丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AF" title="鬲賯賱賷丿">賵丕賱鬲賯賱賷丿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B1_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="鬲丨乇 (賮賯賴)">丕賱鬲丨乇賷</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="丕爻鬲氐丨丕亘">丕爻鬲氐丨丕亘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_(%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%AD)" class="mw-disambig" title="丕爻鬲賯乇丕亍 (鬲賵囟賷丨)">丕爻鬲賯乇丕亍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="丕賱鬲毓丕乇囟亘賷賳丕賱兀丿賱丞丕賱卮乇毓賷丞">丕賱鬲毓丕乇囟亘賷賳丕賱兀丿賱丞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86" title="丕爻鬲丨爻丕賳">丕爻鬲丨爻丕賳</a></li> <li><a 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</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">賲賱丨賯丕鬲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89" title="賮鬲賵賶">賮鬲賵賶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="賲賮鬲賷">賲賮鬲賷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="賲乇丕鬲亘丕賱賮賯賴丕亍">賲乇丕鬲亘丕賱賮賯賴丕亍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="賲乇丕鬲亘丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿">賲乇丕鬲亘丕賱丕噩鬲賴丕丿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%84%D9%82" title="賲噩鬲賴丿賲胤賱賯">賲噩鬲賴丿賲胤賱賯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84" title="賲噩鬲賴丿賲爻鬲賯賱">賲噩鬲賴丿賲爻鬲賯賱</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">賲噩鬲賴丿丕賱鬲禺乇賷噩</a></li> <li><a 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