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analysis</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: fundamental analysis"> <meta name="keywords" content="fundamental analysis"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="fundamental analysis"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 29004</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: fundamental analysis</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29004</span> Implied Fundamental Rights under Article 21 of the Constitution of India: Effects and Applicability </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sathish%20Gowda">N. Sathish Gowda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A constitution without fundamental rights will become zero. The very object of constitution of three organs viz, legislature, executive and judiciary under the constitution of India is to protect, preserve and promote fundamental rights guaranteed under part-III. In India, along with express fundamental rights, Supreme Court has also recognized implied fundamental rights. But, unfortunately State has not been implementing these implied fundamental rights. In this regard, this research paper discusses the catalogue of implied fundamental rights evolved by the judiciary in interpreting Article 21 of the Constitution of India and seeks to examine the effects and applicability of these rights in India. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20rights" title="fundamental rights">fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuances%20of%20Article%2021" title=" nuances of Article 21"> nuances of Article 21</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=express%20fundamental%20rights" title=" express fundamental rights"> express fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implied%20fundamental%20rights" title=" implied fundamental rights"> implied fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procedure%20established%20by%20law" title=" procedure established by law"> procedure established by law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9956/implied-fundamental-rights-under-article-21-of-the-constitution-of-india-effects-and-applicability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29003</span> Evaluating The Effects of Fundamental Analysis on Earnings Per Share Concept in Stock Valuation in the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange Market</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Basvi">Brian Basvi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A technique for analyzing a security's intrinsic value is called fundamental analysis. It involves looking at relevant financial, economic, and other qualitative and quantitative aspects. Earnings Per Share (EPS), a crucial metric in fundamental analysis, is calculated by dividing a company's net income by the total number of outstanding shares. With more than 70 listed businesses, the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange (ZSE) is the primary stock exchange in Zimbabwe. This study applies the EPS financial ratio and stock valuation techniques to historical stock data from 68 companies listed on the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange. According to a ZSE study, EPS significantly affects share prices that are listed on the market. The study's objective was to assess how fundamental analysis affected the idea of EPS in ZSE stock valuation. It concluded that EPS is an important consideration for investors when they make judgments about their investments. According to the study's findings, fundamental analysis is a useful tool for ZSE investors since it offers insightful information about a company's financial performance and aids in decision-making. Investors can have a better understanding of a company's underlying worth and prospects for future growth by looking into EPS and other basic aspects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20analysis" title="fundamental analysis">fundamental analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20valuation" title=" stock valuation"> stock valuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EPS" title=" EPS"> EPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=share%20pricing" title=" share pricing"> share pricing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188656/evaluating-the-effects-of-fundamental-analysis-on-earnings-per-share-concept-in-stock-valuation-in-the-zimbabwe-stock-exchange-market" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29002</span> Basic Properties of a Fundamental Particle: Behavioral-Physical and Visual Methods for the Study of Fundamental Particle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shukran%20M.%20Dadayev">Shukran M. Dadayev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To author's best knowledge, in this paper, the Basic Properties and Research methods of a Fundamental Particle is studied for the first time. That's to say, Fundamental Particle has not been discovered in the Nature yet. Because Fundamental Particle consists of specific Physical, Geometrical and Internal bases. Geometrical and Internal characteristics that are considered significant for the elementary and fundamental particles aren’t basic properties, characteristics or criteria of a Fundamental Particle. Of course, completely new Physical and Visual experimental methods of Quantum mechanics and Behavioral-Physical investigations of Particles are needed to study and discover the Fundamental Particle. These are new Physical, Visual and Behavioral-Physical experimental methods for describing and discovering the Fundamental Particle in the Nature and Microworld. Fundamental Particle consists of the same Energy-Mass-Motion system and a symmetry of Energy-Mass-Motion. Fundamental Particle supplies each of the elementary particles with the same Energy-Mass-Motion system at the same time and regulates each of the particles. Fundamental Particle gives Energy, Mass and Motion to each particles at the same time, each of the Particles consists of acquired Energy-Mass-Motion system and symmetry. Energy, Mass, Motion given by the Fundamental Particle to the particles are Symmetrical Equivalent and they remain in their primary shapes in all cases. Fundamental Particle gives Energy-Mass-Motion system and symmetry consisting of different measures and functions to each of the particles. The Motion given by the Fundamental Particle to the particles is Gravitation, Gravitational Interaction not only gives Motion, but also cause Motion by attracting. All Substances, Fields and Cosmic objects consist of Energy-Mass-Motion. The Field also includes specific Mass. They are always Energetic, Massive and Active. Fundamental Particle establishes the bases of the Nature. Supplement and Regulating of all the particles existing in the Nature belongs to Fundamental Particle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20properties%20of%20a%20fundamental%20particle" title="basic properties of a fundamental particle">basic properties of a fundamental particle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral-physical%20and%20visual%20methods" title=" behavioral-physical and visual methods"> behavioral-physical and visual methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy-mass-motion%20system%20and%20symmetrical%20equivalence" title=" energy-mass-motion system and symmetrical equivalence"> energy-mass-motion system and symmetrical equivalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20particle" title=" fundamental particle"> fundamental particle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94061/basic-properties-of-a-fundamental-particle-behavioral-physical-and-visual-methods-for-the-study-of-fundamental-particle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3730</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29001</span> A Simple Approach for the Analysis of First Vibration Mode of Layered Soil Profiles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haizhong%20Zhang">Haizhong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Gang%20Zhao"> Yan-Gang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fundamental period, mode shape, and participation factor are important basic information for the understanding of earthquake response of ground. In this study, a simple approach is presented to calculate these basic information of layered soil profiles. To develop this method, closed form equations are derived for analysis of free vibration of layered soil profiles firstly, based on equilibrium between inertia and elastic forces. Then, by further associating with the Madera procedure developed for estimation of fundamental period, a simple method that can directly determine the fundamental period, mode shape and participation factor is proposed. The proposed approach can be conveniently implemented in simple spreadsheets and easily used by practicing engineers. In addition, the accuracy of the proposed approach is investigated by analyzing first vibration mode of 67 representative layered soil profiles, it is found that results by the proposed method agree very well with accurate results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=layered%20soil%20profile" title="layered soil profile">layered soil profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20vibration" title=" natural vibration"> natural vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20period" title=" fundamental period"> fundamental period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20mode%20shape" title=" fundamental mode shape"> fundamental mode shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75325/a-simple-approach-for-the-analysis-of-first-vibration-mode-of-layered-soil-profiles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29000</span> About the Number of Fundamental Physical Interactions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Angorsky">Andrey Angorsky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the article an issue about the possible number of fundamental physical interactions is studied. The theory of similarity on the dimensionless quantity as the damping ratio serves as the instrument of analysis. The structure with the features of Higgs field comes out from non-commutative expression for this ratio. The experimentally checked up supposition about the nature of dark energy is spoken out. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damping%20ratio" title="damping ratio">damping ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dark%20energy" title=" dark energy"> dark energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dimensionless%20quantity" title=" dimensionless quantity"> dimensionless quantity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20physical%20interactions" title=" fundamental physical interactions"> fundamental physical interactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Higgs%20field" title=" Higgs field"> Higgs field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-commutative%20expression" title=" non-commutative expression"> non-commutative expression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129144/about-the-number-of-fundamental-physical-interactions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28999</span> Seismic Base Shear Force Depending on Building Fundamental Period and Site Conditions: Deterministic Formulation and Probabilistic Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Dorbani">S. Dorbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Badaoui"> M. Badaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Benouar"> D. Benouar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the building fundamental period of reinforced concrete buildings of (6, 9, and 12-storey), with different floor plans: Symmetric, mono-symmetric, and unsymmetric. These structures are erected at different epicentral distances. Using the Boumerdes, Algeria (2003) earthquake data, we focused primarily on the establishment of the deterministic formulation linking the base shear force to two parameters: The first one is the fundamental period that represents the numerical fingerprint of the structure, and the second one is the epicentral distance used to represent the impact of the earthquake on this force. In a second step, with a view to highlight the effect of uncertainty in these parameters on the analyzed response, these parameters are modeled as random variables with a log-normal distribution. The variability of the coefficients of variation of the chosen uncertain parameters, on the statistics on the seismic base shear force, showed that the effect of uncertainty on fundamental period on this force statistics is low compared to the epicentral distance uncertainty influence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20shear%20force" title="base shear force">base shear force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20period" title=" fundamental period"> fundamental period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epicentral%20distance" title=" epicentral distance"> epicentral distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lognormal%20variables" title=" lognormal variables"> lognormal variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistics" title=" statistics"> statistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59431/seismic-base-shear-force-depending-on-building-fundamental-period-and-site-conditions-deterministic-formulation-and-probabilistic-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59431.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">320</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28998</span> An Efficient Fundamental Matrix Estimation for Moving Object Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yeongyu%20Choi">Yeongyu Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20H.%20Park"> Ju H. Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Lee"> S. M. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho-Youl%20Jung"> Ho-Youl Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, an improved method for estimating fundamental matrix is proposed. The method is applied effectively to monocular camera based moving object detection. The method consists of corner points detection, moving object’s motion estimation and fundamental matrix calculation. The corner points are obtained by using Harris corner detector, motions of moving objects is calculated from pyramidal Lucas-Kanade optical flow algorithm. Through epipolar geometry analysis using RANSAC, the fundamental matrix is calculated. In this method, we have improved the performances of moving object detection by using two threshold values that determine inlier or outlier. Through the simulations, we compare the performances with varying the two threshold values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corner%20detection" title="corner detection">corner detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20flow" title=" optical flow"> optical flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epipolar%20geometry" title=" epipolar geometry"> epipolar geometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RANSAC" title=" RANSAC"> RANSAC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79103/an-efficient-fundamental-matrix-estimation-for-moving-object-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28997</span> Comparison of the Boundary Element Method and the Method of Fundamental Solutions for Analysis of Potential and Elasticity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Zenhari">S. Zenhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Hematiyan"> M. R. Hematiyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Khosravifard"> A. Khosravifard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Feizi"> M. R. Feizi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The boundary element method (BEM) and the method of fundamental solutions (MFS) are well-known fundamental solution-based methods for solving a variety of problems. Both methods are boundary-type techniques and can provide accurate results. In comparison to the finite element method (FEM), which is a domain-type method, the BEM and the MFS need less manual effort to solve a problem. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy and reliability of the BEM and the MFS. This comparison is made for 2D potential and elasticity problems with different boundary and loading conditions. In the comparisons, both convex and concave domains are considered. Both linear and quadratic elements are employed for boundary element analysis of the examples. The discretization of the problem domain in the BEM, i.e., converting the boundary of the problem into boundary elements, is relatively simple; however, in the MFS, obtaining appropriate locations of collocation and source points needs more attention to obtain reliable solutions. The results obtained from the presented examples show that both methods lead to accurate solutions for convex domains, whereas the BEM is more suitable than the MFS for concave domains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20element%20method" title="boundary element method">boundary element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20fundamental%20solutions" title=" method of fundamental solutions"> method of fundamental solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity" title=" elasticity"> elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potential%20problem" title=" potential problem"> potential problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convex%20domain" title=" convex domain"> convex domain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concave%20domain" title=" concave domain"> concave domain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163380/comparison-of-the-boundary-element-method-and-the-method-of-fundamental-solutions-for-analysis-of-potential-and-elasticity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28996</span> Study υ_4 Fundamental Band of 12 CD4 Molecule</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaarour%20Abdelkrim">Kaarour Abdelkrim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouardi%20Okkacha"> Ouardi Okkacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meskine%20Mohamed"> Meskine Mohamed </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the υ_4 fundamental band of 12CD4 molecule has been studied by infrared spectroscopy with high resolution. Using XTDS and SPEVIEW software and the tensor formalism developed by ICB (laboratoire interdisciplinaire de Bourgogne) to several lines have been assigned and fitted with a standard deviation acceptable. This analysis allowed us to calculate several parameters of the molecule 12 CD4. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=XTDS" title="XTDS">XTDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPEVIEW" title=" SPEVIEW"> SPEVIEW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetrahedral%20tensorial%20formalism" title=" tetrahedral tensorial formalism"> tetrahedral tensorial formalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rovibrational%20band" title=" rovibrational band "> rovibrational band </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19575/study-i-4-fundamental-band-of-12-cd4-molecule" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28995</span> Competitive Advantages of a Firm without Fundamental Technology: A Case Study of Sony, Casio and Nintendo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiyohiro%20Yamazaki">Kiyohiro Yamazaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A purpose of this study is to examine how a firm without fundamental technology is able to gain the competitive advantage. This paper examines three case studies, Sony in the flat display TV industry, Casio in the digital camera industry and Nintendo in the home game machine industry. This paper maintain the firms without fundamental technology construct two advantages, economic advantage and organizational advantage. An economic advantage involves the firm can select either high-tech or cheap devices out of several device makers, and change the alternatives cheaply and quickly. In addition, organizational advantage means that a firm without fundamental technology is not restricted by organizational inertia and cognitive restraints, and exercises the characteristic of strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20without%20fundamental%20technology" title="firm without fundamental technology">firm without fundamental technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20advantage" title=" economic advantage"> economic advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20advantage" title=" organizational advantage"> organizational advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sony" title=" Sony"> Sony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Casio" title=" Casio"> Casio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nintendo" title=" Nintendo"> Nintendo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56971/competitive-advantages-of-a-firm-without-fundamental-technology-a-case-study-of-sony-casio-and-nintendo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56971.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">288</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28994</span> An Approximate Formula for Calculating the Fundamental Mode Period of Vibration of Practical Building</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Hakim%20%20Chikho">Abdul Hakim Chikho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most international codes allow the use of an equivalent lateral load method for designing practical buildings to withstand earthquake actions. This method requires calculating an approximation to the fundamental mode period of vibrations of these buildings. Several empirical equations have been suggested to calculate approximations to the fundamental periods of different types of structures. Most of these equations are knowing to provide an only crude approximation to the required fundamental periods and repeating the calculation utilizing a more accurate formula is usually required. In this paper, a new formula to calculate a satisfactory approximation of the fundamental period of a practical building is proposed. This formula takes into account the mass and the stiffness of the building therefore, it is more logical than the conventional empirical equations. In order to verify the accuracy of the proposed formula, several examples have been solved. In these examples, calculating the fundamental mode periods of several farmed buildings utilizing the proposed formula and the conventional empirical equations has been accomplished. Comparing the obtained results with those obtained from a dynamic computer has shown that the proposed formula provides a more accurate estimation of the fundamental periods of practical buildings. Since the proposed method is still simple to use and requires only a minimum computing effort, it is believed to be ideally suited for design purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title="earthquake">earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20mode%20period" title=" fundamental mode period"> fundamental mode period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design" title=" design"> design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title=" building"> building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137337/an-approximate-formula-for-calculating-the-fundamental-mode-period-of-vibration-of-practical-building" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28993</span> Ambient Vibration Testing of Existing Buildings in Madinah</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarek%20M.%20Alguhane">Tarek M. Alguhane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20H.%20Khalil"> Ayman H. Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Fayed"> M. N. Fayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20M.%20Ismail"> Ayman M. Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The elastic period has a primary role in the seismic assessment of buildings. Reliable calculations and/or estimates of the fundamental frequency of a building and its site are essential during analysis and design process. Various code formulas based on empirical data are generally used to estimate the fundamental frequency of a structure. For existing structures, in addition to code formulas and available analytical tools such as modal analyses, various methods of testing including ambient and forced vibration testing procedures may be used to determine dynamic characteristics. In this study, the dynamic properties of the 32 buildings located in the Madinah of Saudi Arabia were identified using ambient motions recorded at several, spatially-distributed locations within each building. Ambient vibration measurements of buildings have been analyzed and the fundamental longitudinal and transverse periods for all tested buildings are presented. The fundamental mode of vibration has been compared in plots with codes formulae (Saudi Building Code, EC8, and UBC1997). The results indicate that measured periods of existing buildings are shorter than that given by most empirical code formulas. Recommendations are given based on the common design and construction practice in Madinah city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20vibration" title="ambient vibration">ambient vibration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20period" title=" fundamental period"> fundamental period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20buildings" title=" RC buildings"> RC buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infill%20walls" title=" infill walls"> infill walls</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27234/ambient-vibration-testing-of-existing-buildings-in-madinah" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28992</span> Behavioral Analysis of Stock Using Selective Indicators from Fundamental and Technical Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vish%20Putcha">Vish Putcha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandrasekhar%20Putcha"> Chandrasekhar Putcha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siva%20Hari"> Siva Hari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the current digital era of free trading and pandemic-driven remote work culture, markets worldwide gained momentum for retail investors to trade from anywhere easily. The number of retail traders rose to 24% of the market from 15% at the pre-pandemic level. Most of them are young retail traders with high-risk tolerance compared to the previous generation of retail traders. This trend boosted the growth of subscription-based market predictors and market data vendors. Young traders are betting on these predictors, assuming one of them is correct. However, 90% of retail traders are on the losing end. This paper presents multiple indicators and attempts to derive behavioral patterns from the underlying stocks. The two major indicators that traders and investors follow are technical and fundamental. The famous investor, Warren Buffett, adheres to the “Value Investing” method that is based on a stock’s fundamental Analysis. In this paper, we present multiple indicators from various methods to understand the behavior patterns of stocks. For this research, we picked five stocks with a market capitalization of more than $200M, listed on the exchange for more than 20 years, and from different industry sectors. To study the behavioral pattern over time for these five stocks, a total of 8 indicators are chosen from fundamental, technical, and financial indicators, such as Price to Earning (P/E), Price to Book Value (P/B), Debt to Equity (D/E), Beta, Volatility, Relative Strength Index (RSI), Moving Averages and Dividend yields, followed by detailed mathematical Analysis. This is an interdisciplinary paper between various disciplines of Engineering, Accounting, and Finance. The research takes a new approach to identify clear indicators affecting stocks. Statistical Analysis of the data will be performed in terms of the probabilistic distribution, then follow and then determine the probability of the stock price going over a specific target value. The Chi-square test will be used to determine the validity of the assumed distribution. Preliminary results indicate that this approach is working well. When the complete results are presented in the final paper, they will be beneficial to the community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20pattern" title="stock pattern">stock pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market%20analysis" title=" stock market analysis"> stock market analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20predictions" title=" stock predictions"> stock predictions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trading" title=" trading"> trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investing" title=" investing"> investing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20analysis" title=" fundamental analysis"> fundamental analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20analysis" title=" technical analysis"> technical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20trading" title=" quantitative trading"> quantitative trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20analysis" title=" financial analysis"> financial analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral%20analysis" title=" behavioral analysis"> behavioral analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158178/behavioral-analysis-of-stock-using-selective-indicators-from-fundamental-and-technical-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158178.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28991</span> The Standard of Reasonableness in Fundamental Rights Adjudication under the Indian Constitution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nandita%20Narayan">Nandita Narayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In most constitutional democracies, courts have been the gatekeepers of fundamental rights. The task of determining whether a violation is in fact justified, therefore, is judicial. Any state action, legislative or administrative, has to be tested by the application of two standards – first, the action must be within the scope of the authority conferred by law and, second, it must be reasonable. If any action, within the scope of the authority conferred by law is found to be unreasonable, it will be struck down as unconstitutional or ultra vires. This paper seeks to analyse the varying standards of reasonableness adopted by the Supreme Court of India where there is a violation of fundamental rights by state action. This is sought to be done by scrutinising case laws and classifying the legality of the violation under one of three levels of judicial scrutiny—strict, intermediate, or weak. The paper concludes by proving that there is an irregularity in the standards adopted, thus resulting in undue discretionary power of the judiciary which strikes at the very concept of reasonableness and ultimately becomes arbitrary in nature. This conclusion is reached by the comparison of reasonableness review of fundamental rights in other jurisdictions such as the USA and Canada. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutional%20law" title="constitutional law">constitutional law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20review" title=" judicial review"> judicial review</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20rights" title=" fundamental rights"> fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reasonableness" title=" reasonableness"> reasonableness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=India" title=" India"> India</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86499/the-standard-of-reasonableness-in-fundamental-rights-adjudication-under-the-indian-constitution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86499.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28990</span> Mechanism of Changing a Product Concept</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiyohiro%20Yamazaki">Kiyohiro Yamazaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to examine the hypothesis explaining the mechanism in the case, where the product is deleted or reduced the fundamental function of the product through the product concept changes in the digital camera industry. This paper points out not owning the fundamental technology might cause the change of the product concept. Casio could create new competitive factor so that this paper discusses a possibility of the mechanism of changing the product concept. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20without%20fundamental%20technology" title="firm without fundamental technology">firm without fundamental technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20development" title=" product development"> product development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20concept" title=" product concept"> product concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20camera%20industry" title=" digital camera industry"> digital camera industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Casio" title=" Casio"> Casio</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16190/mechanism-of-changing-a-product-concept" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">562</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28989</span> Analyses of the Constitutional Identity in Hungary: A Case Study on the Concept of Constitutionalism and Legal Continuity in New Fundamental Law of Hungary </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsuzsanna%20Fejes">Zsuzsanna Fejes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the legal history of constitutionalism in Hungary, in focus of the democratic transitions in 1989-1990, describing the historical and political background of the changes and presenting the main and most important features of the new democracy, and institutional and legal orders. In Hungary the evolved political, economic and moral crisis prior to the constitutional years 2010-11 had been such a constitutional moment, which led to an opportune and unavoidable change at the same time. The Hungarian constitutional power intended to adopt a new constitution, which was competent to create a common constitutional identity and to express a national unity. The Hungarian Parliament on 18th April 2011 passed the New Fundamental Law. The new Fundamental Law rich in national values meant a new challenge for the academics, lawyers, and political scientists. Not only the classical political science, but also the constitutional law and theory have to struggle with the interpretation of the new declarations about national constitutional values in the Fundamental Law. The main features and structure of the new Fundamental Law will be analysed, and given a detailed interpretation of the Preamble as a declaration of constitutional values. During the examination of the Preamble shall be cleared up the components of Hungarian statehood and national unity, individual and common human rights, the practical and theoretical demand on national sovereignty, and the content and possibilities for the interpretation of the achievements of the historical Constitution. These scopes of problems will be presented during the examination of the text of National Avowal, as a preamble of the Fundamental Law. It is examined whether the Fundamental Law itself could be suitable and sufficient means to citizens of Hungary to express the ideas therein as their own, it will be analysed how could the national and European common traditions, values and principles stated in the Fundamental Law mean maintenance in Hungary’s participation in the European integration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=common%20constitutional%20values" title="common constitutional values">common constitutional values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutionalism" title=" constitutionalism"> constitutionalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20identity" title=" national identity"> national identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20sovereignty" title=" national sovereignty"> national sovereignty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20unity" title=" national unity"> national unity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statehood" title=" statehood"> statehood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48495/analyses-of-the-constitutional-identity-in-hungary-a-case-study-on-the-concept-of-constitutionalism-and-legal-continuity-in-new-fundamental-law-of-hungary" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28988</span> Vulnerability Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Frames Based on Inelastic Spectral Displacement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chao%20Xu">Chao Xu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Selecting ground motion intensity measures reasonably is one of the very important issues to affect the input ground motions selecting and the reliability of vulnerability analysis results. In this paper, inelastic spectral displacement is used as an alternative intensity measure to characterize the ground motion damage potential. The inelastic spectral displacement is calculated based modal pushover analysis and inelastic spectral displacement based incremental dynamic analysis is developed. Probability seismic demand analysis of a six story and an eleven story RC frame are carried out through cloud analysis and advanced incremental dynamic analysis. The sufficiency and efficiency of inelastic spectral displacement are investigated by means of regression and residual analysis, and compared with elastic spectral displacement. Vulnerability curves are developed based on inelastic spectral displacement. The study shows that inelastic spectral displacement reflects the impact of different frequency components with periods larger than fundamental period on inelastic structural response. The damage potential of ground motion on structures with fundamental period prolonging caused by structural soften can be caught by inelastic spectral displacement. To be compared with elastic spectral displacement, inelastic spectral displacement is a more sufficient and efficient intensity measure, which reduces the uncertainty of vulnerability analysis and the impact of input ground motion selection on vulnerability analysis result. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title="vulnerability">vulnerability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probability%20seismic%20demand%20analysis" title=" probability seismic demand analysis"> probability seismic demand analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20motion%20intensity%20measure" title=" ground motion intensity measure"> ground motion intensity measure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sufficiency" title=" sufficiency"> sufficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inelastic%20time%20history%20analysis" title=" inelastic time history analysis"> inelastic time history analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48653/vulnerability-assessment-of-reinforced-concrete-frames-based-on-inelastic-spectral-displacement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28987</span> Oakes Test and Proportionality Test: Balance between the Practical Costs of Limiting Rights and the Benefits Arising from the Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Tedrus%20Bento">Rafael Tedrus Bento</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of proportionality as a test is raised as a basic foundation for the achievement of Fundamental Rights. We used legal dogmatics and empirical analysis to seek the expected results, from the reading of the RV Oakes trial by the Supreme Court of Canada. In cases involving freedom of expression, two tests are used to resolve disputes. The first examines whether, in fact, the case can be characterized as a violation of freedom of expression; the second assesses whether this violation can be justified by the reasonable limit clause. This test was defined in the RV Oakes trial by the Supreme Court of Canada, concluding with the Oakes Test, used worldwide as a proportionality test. Resulting is a proportionality between the effects of the limiting measure and the objective - the more serious the harmful effects of a measure, the more important the objective must be. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oakes" title="Oakes">Oakes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportionality" title=" proportionality"> proportionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20rights" title=" fundamental rights"> fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supreme%20Court%20of%20Canada" title=" Supreme Court of Canada"> Supreme Court of Canada</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135650/oakes-test-and-proportionality-test-balance-between-the-practical-costs-of-limiting-rights-and-the-benefits-arising-from-the-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28986</span> Positive Obligations of the State Concerning the Protection of Human Rights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monika%20Florczak-Wator">Monika Florczak-Wator</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The model of positive obligations of the state concerning the protection of the rights of an individual was created within the jurisdiction of the German Federal Constitutional Court in the 1970s. That model assumes that the state should protect an individual against infringement of their fundamental rights by another individual. It is based on the idea concerning the modification of the function and duties of the state towards an individual and society. Initially the state was perceived as the main infringer of the fundamental rights of an individual formulating the individual’s obligations of negative nature (obligation of noninterference), however, at present the state is perceived as a guarantor and protector of the fundamental rights of an individual of positive nature (obligation of protection). Examination of the chosen judicial decisions of that court will enable us to determine what the obligation of protection is specifically about, when it is updated and whether it is accompanied by claims of an individual requesting the state to take actions protecting their fundamental rights against infringement by the private entities. The comparative perspective for the German model of positive obligations of the state will be an analogous model present in the jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights. It is justified to include it in the research as the Convention, similarly to the constitution, focuses on the protection of an individual against the infringement of their rights by the state and both models have been developed within the jurisdiction for several dozens of years. Analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as well as judgements of the Polish Constitutional Tribunal will allow for the presentation of the application the model of the protective duties of the state in Poland. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20rights" title="human rights">human rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizontal%20relationships" title=" horizontal relationships"> horizontal relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title=" constitution"> constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20protection" title=" state protection"> state protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21404/positive-obligations-of-the-state-concerning-the-protection-of-human-rights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28985</span> Diagnosis of Logistics Processes: Bibliometric Review and Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20F.%20Bayona">S. F. Bayona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Nunez"> J. Nunez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Paez"> D. Paez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diagnostic processes have been consolidated as fundamental tools in the adequate knowledge of organizations and their processes. The diagnosis is related to the interpretation of the data, findings and the relevant information, to determine problems, causes, or the simple state and behavior of a process, without including a solution to the problems detected. The objective of this work is to identify the necessary stages to diagnose the logistic processes in a metalworking company, from the literary revision of different disciplines. A total of 62 articles were chosen to identify, through bibliometric analysis, the most cited articles, as well as the most frequent authors and journals. The results allowed to identify the two fundamental stages in the diagnostic process: a primary phase (general) based on the logical subjectivity of the knowledge of the person who evaluates, and the secondary phase (specific), related to the interpretation of the results, findings or data. Also, two phases were identified, one related to the definition of the scope of the actions to be developed and the other, as an initial description of what was observed in the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title="business">business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagnostic" title=" diagnostic"> diagnostic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process" title=" process"> process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99714/diagnosis-of-logistics-processes-bibliometric-review-and-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28984</span> From Linear to Nonlinear Deterrence: Deterrence for Rising Power</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhad%20Ghasemi">Farhad Ghasemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Along with transforming the international system into a complex and chaotic system, the fundamental question arises: how can deterrence be reconstructed conceptually and theoretically in this system model? The deterrence system is much more complex today than it was seven decades ago. This article suggests that the perception of deterrence as a linear system is a fundamental mistake because it does not consider the new dynamics of the international system, including network power dynamics. The author aims to improve this point by focusing on complexity and chaos theories, especially their nonlinearity and cascading failure principles. This article proposes that the perception of deterrence as a linear system is a fundamental mistake, as the new dynamics of the surrounding international system do not take into account. The author recognizes deterrence as a nonlinear system and introduces it as a concept in strategic studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complexity" title="complexity">complexity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20system" title=" international system"> international system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deterrence" title=" deterrence"> deterrence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20deterrence" title=" linear deterrence"> linear deterrence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20deterrence" title=" nonlinear deterrence"> nonlinear deterrence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148226/from-linear-to-nonlinear-deterrence-deterrence-for-rising-power" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148226.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28983</span> A Review of the Fundamental Principles of the National Transport Policy and Developmental Implementation Programmes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Asenime">Charles Asenime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asaju%20Joel"> Asaju Joel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fagbenro%20Abiola"> Fagbenro Abiola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adetoyese%20Oguntimehin"> Adetoyese Oguntimehin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agosu%20Rebecca"> Agosu Rebecca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the fundamental principles of the National Transport Policy (NTP) and determined its role in the execution of transport projects, and the establishment of ministries, departments, and agencies. Data used for the paper are from secondary sources of commissioned reports, studies, internet sources, and government releases. Results of the analysis show that the draft NTP has been used to establish transport schemes, master plans, and transport infrastructure. The paper concludes that though, the national transport Policy is still in a draft form, its production, however, has shaped the transport system in Nigeria and has shown how transport has improved the economy through the efficient utilisation of resources, improved mobility, and lifestyle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principles" title="principles">principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=draft" title=" draft"> draft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system" title=" system"> system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resources" title=" resources"> resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168700/a-review-of-the-fundamental-principles-of-the-national-transport-policy-and-developmental-implementation-programmes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168700.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28982</span> An Investigation on Hybrid Composite Drive Shaft for Automotive Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gizem%20Arslan%20%C3%96zgen">Gizem Arslan Özgen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kutay%20Y%C3%BCcet%C3%BCrk"> Kutay Yücetürk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Metin%20Tano%C4%9Flu"> Metin Tanoğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engin%20Akta%C5%9F"> Engin Aktaş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Power transmitted from the engine to the final drive where useful work is applied through a system consisting of a gearbox, clutch, drive shaft and a differential in the rear-wheel-drive automobiles. It is well-known that the steel drive shaft is usually manufactured in two pieces to increase the fundamental bending natural frequency to ensure safe operation conditions. In this work, hybrid one-piece propeller shafts composed of carbon/epoxy and glass/epoxy composites have been designed for a rear wheel drive automobile satisfying three design specifications, such as static torque transmission capability, torsional buckling and the fundamental natural bending frequency. Hybridization of carbon and glass fibers is being studied to optimize the cost/performance requirements. Composites shaft materials with various fiber orientation angles and stacking sequences are being fabricated and analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20propeller%20shaft" title="composite propeller shaft">composite propeller shaft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybridization" title=" hybridization"> hybridization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy%20matrix" title=" epoxy matrix"> epoxy matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20torque%20transmission%20capability" title=" static torque transmission capability"> static torque transmission capability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsional%20buckling%20strength" title=" torsional buckling strength"> torsional buckling strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20natural%20bending%20frequency." title=" fundamental natural bending frequency."> fundamental natural bending frequency.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90888/an-investigation-on-hybrid-composite-drive-shaft-for-automotive-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28981</span> Hydraulic Analysis of Irrigation Approach Channel Using HEC-RAS Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muluegziabher%20Semagne%20Mekonnen">Muluegziabher Semagne Mekonnen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was intended to show the irrigation water requirements and evaluation of canal hydraulics steady state conditions to improve on scheme performance of the Meki-Ziway irrigation project. The methodology used was the CROPWAT 8.0 model to estimate the irrigation water requirements of five major crops irrigated in the study area. The results showed that for the whole existing and potential irrigation development area of 2000 ha and 2599 ha, crop water requirements were 3,339,200 and 4,339,090.4 m³, respectively. Hydraulic simulation models are fundamental tools for understanding the hydraulic flow characteristics of irrigation systems. Hydraulic simulation models are fundamental tools for understanding the hydraulic flow characteristics of irrigation systems. In this study Hydraulic Analysis of Irrigation Canals Using HEC-RAS Model was conducted in Meki-Ziway Irrigation Scheme. The HEC-RAS model was tested in terms of error estimation and used to determine canal capacity potential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEC-RAS" title="HEC-RAS">HEC-RAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irrigation" title=" irrigation"> irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic.%20canal%20reach" title=" hydraulic. canal reach"> hydraulic. canal reach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity" title=" capacity"> capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183197/hydraulic-analysis-of-irrigation-approach-channel-using-hec-ras-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28980</span> From Battles to Balance and Back: Document Analysis of EU Copyright in the Digital Era</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anette%20Al%C3%A9n">Anette Alén</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intellectual property (IP) regimes have traditionally been designed to integrate various conflicting elements stemming from private entitlement and the public good. In IP laws and regulations, this design takes the form of specific uses of protected subject-matter without the right-holder’s consent, or exhaustion of exclusive rights upon market release, and the like. More recently, the pursuit of ‘balance’ has gained ground in the conceptualization of these conflicting elements both in terms of IP law and related policy. This can be seen, for example, in European Union (EU) copyright regime, where ‘balance’ has become a key element in argumentation, backed up by fundamental rights reasoning. This development also entails an ever-expanding dialogue between the IP regime and the constitutional safeguards for property, free speech, and privacy, among others. This study analyses the concept of ‘balance’ in EU copyright law: the research task is to examine the contents of the concept of ‘balance’ and the way it is operationalized and pursued, thereby producing new knowledge on the role and manifestations of ‘balance’ in recent copyright case law and regulatory instruments in the EU. The study discusses two particular pieces of legislation, the EU Digital Single Market (DSM) Copyright Directive (EU) 2019/790 and the finalized EU Artificial Intelligence (AI) Act, including some of the key preparatory materials, as well as EU Court of Justice (CJEU) case law pertaining to copyright in the digital era. The material is examined by means of document analysis, mapping the ways ‘balance’ is approached and conceptualized in the documents. Similarly, the interaction of fundamental rights as part of the balancing act is also analyzed. Doctrinal study of law is also employed in the analysis of legal sources. This study suggests that the pursuit of balance is, for its part, conducive to new battles, largely due to the advancement of digitalization and more recent developments in artificial intelligence. Indeed, the ‘balancing act’ rather presents itself as a way to bypass or even solidify some of the conflicting interests in a complex global digital economy. Indeed, such a conceptualization, especially when accompanied by non-critical or strategically driven fundamental rights argumentation, runs counter to the genuine acknowledgment of new types of conflicting interests in the copyright regime. Therefore, a more radical approach, including critical analysis of the normative basis and fundamental rights implications of the concept of ‘balance’, is required to readjust copyright law and regulations for the digital era. Notwithstanding the focus on executing the study in the context of the EU copyright regime, the results bear wider significance for the digital economy, especially due to the platform liability regime in the DSM Directive and with the AI Act including objectives of a ‘level playing field’ whereby compliance with EU copyright rules seems to be expected among system providers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title="balance">balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copyright" title=" copyright"> copyright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20rights" title=" fundamental rights"> fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=platform%20liability" title=" platform liability"> platform liability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186875/from-battles-to-balance-and-back-document-analysis-of-eu-copyright-in-the-digital-era" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">31</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28979</span> Engineering Seismological Studies in and around Zagazig City, Sharkia, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El-Eraki">M. El-Eraki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Mohamed"> A. A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20El-Kenawy"> A. A. El-Kenawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Toni"> M. S. Toni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20I.%20Mustafa"> S. I. Mustafa </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to study the ground vibrations using Nakamura technique to evaluate the relation between the ground conditions and the earthquake characteristics. Microtremor measurements were carried out at 55 sites in and around Zagazig city. The signals were processed using horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) technique to estimate the fundamental frequencies of the soil deposits and its corresponding H/V amplitude. Seismic measurements were acquired at nine sites for recording the surface waves. The recorded waveforms were processed using the multi-channel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method to infer the shear wave velocity profile. The obtained fundamental frequencies were found to be ranging from 0.7 to 1.7 Hz and the maximum H/V amplitude reached 6.4. These results together with the average shear wave velocity in the surface layers were used for the estimation of the thickness of the upper most soft cover layers (depth to bedrock). The sediment thickness generally increases at the northeastern and southwestern parts of the area, which is in good agreement with the local geological structure. The results of this work showed the zones of higher potential damage in the event of an earthquake in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20vibrations" title="ambient vibrations">ambient vibrations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20frequency" title=" fundamental frequency"> fundamental frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20waves" title=" surface waves"> surface waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zagazig" title=" zagazig "> zagazig </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38376/engineering-seismological-studies-in-and-around-zagazig-city-sharkia-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28978</span> Applying Genetic Algorithm in Exchange Rate Models Determination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Rostamzadeh">Mehdi Rostamzadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are an adaptive heuristic search algorithm premised on the evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. In this study, we apply GAs for fundamental and technical models of exchange rate determination in exchange rate market. In this framework, we estimated absolute and relative purchasing power parity, Mundell-Fleming, sticky and flexible prices (monetary models), equilibrium exchange rate and portfolio balance model as fundamental models and Auto Regressive (AR), Moving Average (MA), Auto-Regressive with Moving Average (ARMA) and Mean Reversion (MR) as technical models for Iranian Rial against European Union’s Euro using monthly data from January 1992 to December 2014. Then, we put these models into the genetic algorithm system for measuring their optimal weight for each model. These optimal weights have been measured according to four criteria i.e. R-Squared (R2), mean square error (MSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and root mean square error (RMSE).Based on obtained Results, it seems that for explaining of Iranian Rial against EU Euro exchange rate behavior, fundamental models are better than technical models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20rate" title="exchange rate">exchange rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20models" title=" fundamental models"> fundamental models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technical%20models" title=" technical models"> technical models</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47210/applying-genetic-algorithm-in-exchange-rate-models-determination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28977</span> Seismic Response of Reinforced Concrete Buildings: Field Challenges and Simplified Code Formulas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Soto%20Chalhoub">Michel Soto Chalhoub</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Building code-related literature provides recommendations on normalizing approaches to the calculation of the dynamic properties of structures. Most building codes make a distinction among types of structural systems, construction material, and configuration through a numerical coefficient in the expression for the fundamental period. The period is then used in normalized response spectra to compute base shear. The typical parameter used in simplified code formulas for the fundamental period is overall building height raised to a power determined from analytical and experimental results. However, reinforced concrete buildings which constitute the majority of built space in less developed countries pose additional challenges to the ones built with homogeneous material such as steel, or with concrete under stricter quality control. In the present paper, the particularities of reinforced concrete buildings are explored and related to current methods of equivalent static analysis. A comparative study is presented between the Uniform Building Code, commonly used for buildings within and outside the USA, and data from the Middle East used to model 151 reinforced concrete buildings of varying number of bays, number of floors, overall building height, and individual story height. The fundamental period was calculated using eigenvalue matrix computation. The results were also used in a separate regression analysis where the computed period serves as dependent variable, while five building properties serve as independent variables. The statistical analysis shed light on important parameters that simplified code formulas need to account for including individual story height, overall building height, floor plan, number of bays, and concrete properties. Such inclusions are important for reinforced concrete buildings of special conditions due to the level of concrete damage, aging, or materials quality control during construction. Overall results of the present analysis show that simplified code formulas for fundamental period and base shear may be applied but they require revisions to account for multiple parameters. The conclusion above is confirmed by the analytical model where fundamental periods were computed using numerical techniques and eigenvalue solutions. This recommendation is particularly relevant to code upgrades in less developed countries where it is customary to adopt, and mildly adapt international codes. We also note the necessity of further research using empirical data from buildings in Lebanon that were subjected to severe damage due to impulse loading or accelerated aging. However, we excluded this study from the present paper and left it for future research as it has its own peculiarities and requires a different type of analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20behaviour" title="seismic behaviour">seismic behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title=" reinforced concrete"> reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simplified%20code%20formulas" title=" simplified code formulas"> simplified code formulas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20static%20analysis" title=" equivalent static analysis"> equivalent static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20shear" title=" base shear"> base shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20spectra" title=" response spectra"> response spectra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7518/seismic-response-of-reinforced-concrete-buildings-field-challenges-and-simplified-code-formulas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28976</span> Influence of Pile Radius on Inertial Response of Pile Group in Fundamental Frequency of Homogeneous Soil Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faghihnia%20Torshizi%20Mostafa">Faghihnia Torshizi Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saitoh%20Masato"> Saitoh Masato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An efficient method is developed for the response of a group of vertical, cylindrical fixed-head, finite length piles embedded in a homogeneous elastic stratum, subjected to harmonic force atop the pile group cap. Pile to pile interaction is represented through simplified beam-on-dynamic-Winkler-foundation (BDWF) with realistic frequency-dependent springs and dashpots. Pile group effect is considered through interaction factors. New closed-form expressions for interaction factors and curvature ratios atop the pile are extended by considering different boundary conditions at the tip of the piles (fixed, hinged). In order to investigate the fundamental characteristics of inertial bending strains in pile groups, inertial bending strains at the head of each pile are expressed in terms of slenderness ratio. The results of parametric study give valuable insight in understanding the behavior of fixed head pile groups in fundamental natural frequency of soil stratum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Winkler-foundation" title="Winkler-foundation">Winkler-foundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20frequency%20of%20soil%20stratum" title=" fundamental frequency of soil stratum"> fundamental frequency of soil stratum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20inertial%20bending%20strain" title=" normalized inertial bending strain"> normalized inertial bending strain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonic%20excitation" title=" harmonic excitation"> harmonic excitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66823/influence-of-pile-radius-on-inertial-response-of-pile-group-in-fundamental-frequency-of-homogeneous-soil-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66823.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28975</span> A Fundamental Functional Equation for Lie Algebras</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ih-Ching%20Hsu">Ih-Ching Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inspired by the so called Jacobi Identity (x y) z + (y z) x + (z x) y = 0, the following class of functional equations EQ I: F [F (x, y), z] + F [F (y, z), x] + F [F (z, x), y] = 0 is proposed, researched and generalized. Research methodologies begin with classical methods for functional equations, then evolve into discovering of any implicit algebraic structures. One of this paper’s major findings is that EQ I, under two additional conditions F (x, x) = 0 and F (x, y) + F (y, x) = 0, proves to be a fundamental functional equation for Lie Algebras. Existence of non-trivial solutions for EQ I can be proven by defining F (p, q) = [p q] = pq –qp, where p and q are quaternions, and pq is the quaternion product of p and q. EQ I can be generalized to the following class of functional equations EQ II: F [G (x, y), z] + F [G (y, z), x] + F [G (z, x), y] = 0. Concluding Statement: With a major finding proven, and non-trivial solutions derived, this research paper illustrates and provides a new functional equation scheme for studies in two major areas: (1) What underlying algebraic structures can be defined and/or derived from EQ I or EQ II? (2) What conditions can be imposed so that conditional general solutions to EQ I and EQ II can be found, investigated and applied? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20functional%20equation" title="fundamental functional equation">fundamental functional equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20functional%20equations" title=" generalized functional equations"> generalized functional equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lie%20algebras" title=" Lie algebras"> Lie algebras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quaternions" title=" quaternions"> quaternions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76600/a-fundamental-functional-equation-for-lie-algebras" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn 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