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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Definição" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Definição"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Definição</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Definição-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subdivisões" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subdivisões"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Subdivisões</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subdivisões-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar a subsecção Subdivisões</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subdivisões-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Craniata_ou_Vertebrata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Craniata_ou_Vertebrata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Craniata ou Vertebrata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Craniata_ou_Vertebrata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cephalochordata:_"anfioxos"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cephalochordata:_"anfioxos""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cephalochordata: "anfioxos"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cephalochordata:_"anfioxos"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolução" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolução"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Evolução</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Evolução-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar a subsecção Evolução</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Evolução-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Urochordata:_"tunicados"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urochordata:_"tunicados""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Urochordata: "tunicados"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urochordata:_"tunicados"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Origens_e_evolução" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origens_e_evolução"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Origens e evolução</span> </div> </a> <ul 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filogenia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Filogenia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filogenia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Protocordados" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protocordados"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Protocordados</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protocordados-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cordados</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 149 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-149" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">149 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rugkoorddiere" title="Rugkoorddiere — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rugkoorddiere" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordatiere" title="Chordatiere — alemão suíço" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Chordatiere" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemão suíço" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%B5%E1%8C%8C" title="አምደስጌ — amárico" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አምደስጌ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amárico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — aragonês" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حبليات — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حبليات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حبليات — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="حبليات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حبليات — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حبليات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%27%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="ক'ৰডাটা — assamês" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ক'ৰডাটা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE" title="कर्डेटा — awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कर्डेटा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xordal%C4%B1lar" title="Xordalılar — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xordalılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="خوردالیلار — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خوردالیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хордалылар — bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — balinês" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuord%C4%97n%C4%93" title="Chuordėnē — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Chuordėnē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хордавыя — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хордавыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хордавыя — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хордавыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Хордови — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хордови" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="कार्डेट — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कार्डेट" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE" title="কর্ডাটা — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কর্ডাটা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B" title="སྒལ་ཐག་སྲོག་ཆགས་ — tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒལ་ཐག་སྲོག་ཆགས་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordeg" title="Kordeg — bretão" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kordeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordati" title="Hordati — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hordati" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%B1%D1%88%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Хүбшэтэн — Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хүбшэтэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordats" title="Cordats — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cordats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9k-s%C3%B3%CC%A4h_d%C3%B4ng-%C5%ADk" title="Cék-só̤h dông-ŭk — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cék-só̤h dông-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maybukobuko" title="Maybukobuko — cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Maybukobuko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%95%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مازەداران — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مازەداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunatci" title="Strunatci — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Strunatci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%B3%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Хирлӳлли — chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хирлӳлли" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordog" title="Cordog — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cordog" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordater" title="Chordater — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chordater" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordatiere" title="Chordatiere — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chordatiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AC" title="Χορδωτά — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χορδωτά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A4orduloj" title="Ĥorduloj — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥorduloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keelikloomad" title="Keelikloomad — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keelikloomad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordatu" title="Kordatu — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kordatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="طنابداران — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="طنابداران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk%C3%A4j%C3%A4nteiset" title="Selkäjänteiset — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Selkäjänteiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — feroês" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cord%C3%A2s" title="Cordâs — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Cordâs" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragstringdiarten" title="Ragstringdiarten — frísio setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ragstringdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frísio setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%AAchstringdieren" title="Rêchstringdieren — frísico ocidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rêchstringdieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frísico ocidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — gaélico escocês" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordados" title="Cordados — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cordados" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymba_s%C3%A3_atukup%C3%A9pe" title="Mymba sã atukupépe — guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mymba sã atukupépe" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chit-sok_thung-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Chit-sok thung-vu̍t — hacá" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chit-sok thung-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hacá" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מיתרניים — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיתרניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="रज्जुकी — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रज्जुकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svitkovci" title="Svitkovci — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Svitkovci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2de" title="Kòde — haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kòde" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerinch%C3%BArosok" title="Gerinchúrosok — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gerinchúrosok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Քորդավորներ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քորդավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordato" title="Chordato — interlíngua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Chordato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlíngua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Хорда — inguche" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хорда" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="inguche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seild%C3%BDr" title="Seildýr — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Seildýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊索動物 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脊索動物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/skoselti%27e" title="skoselti'e — lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="skoselti'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — javanês" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ქორდიანები — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქორდიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timzikrin" title="Timzikrin — kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Timzikrin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хордалылар — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಾರ್ಡೇಟ್ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಾರ್ಡೇಟ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%99%EC%82%AD%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC" title="척삭동물 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="척삭동물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BA%D1%81%C3%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8D%D0%B7" title="Мышксöнаэз — komi-permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мышксöнаэз" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%BBnpi%C5%9Ftdar_(fil%C3%BBm)" title="Stûnpiştdar (filûm) — curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Stûnpiştdar (filûm)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — córnico" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="córnico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83" title="Хордалуу — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Хордалуу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordad%C3%A9ieren" title="Chordadéieren — luxemburguês" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Chordadéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordato" title="Cordato — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cordato" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordabieste" title="Chordabieste — limburguês" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Chordabieste" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordiniai" title="Chordiniai — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chordiniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hordai%C5%86i" title="Hordaiņi — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hordaiņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Хордови — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хордови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1" title="കോർഡേറ്റ — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോർഡേറ്റ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%A9%D0%B2%D1%87%D1%82%D3%A9%D0%BD" title="Хөвчтөн — mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хөвчтөн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ — manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="कणाधारी प्राणी — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कणाधारी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordat" title="Kordat — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kordat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — maltês" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="ကော်ဒိတ် — birmanês" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကော်ဒိတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="رسن‌دارون — mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رسن‌دارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruggensnarendeerter" title="Ruggensnarendeerter — baixo-alemão" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ruggensnarendeerter" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo-alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordadieren" title="Chordadieren — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chordadieren" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstrengdyr" title="Ryggstrengdyr — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ryggstrengdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstrengdyr" title="Ryggstrengdyr — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ryggstrengdyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD%C3%ADgh%C4%85%CC%81%C4%85%CC%81sts%CA%BC%C7%AB%C7%ABd_Dah%C3%B3l%C3%B3n%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bííghą́ą́stsʼǫǫd Dahólónígíí — navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bííghą́ą́stsʼǫǫd Dahólónígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tushaaleeyyii" title="Tushaaleeyyii — oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Tushaaleeyyii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%C3%A6%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Хордæджынтæ — ossético" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Хордæджынтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossético" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਤੰਦਧਾਰੀ — panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੰਦਧਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunowce" title="Strunowce — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Strunowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="کورڈیٹ — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کورڈیٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wasa_tiwlliyuq" title="Wasa tiwlliyuq — quíchua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wasa tiwlliyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quíchua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cordate" title="Cordate — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cordate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Хордовые — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хордовые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Хордовы — Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Хордовы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хордалыктар — sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хордалыктар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate — scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%8A%D9%8A%D9%BD%D8%A7" title="ڪورڊيٽا — sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪورڊيٽا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svitkovci" title="Svitkovci — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Svitkovci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A" title="සරජ්ජුක — cingalês" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සරජ්ජුක" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chordate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chord%C3%A1ty" title="Chordáty — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chordáty" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strunarji" title="Strunarji — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Strunarji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savosuon%C3%A2siih" title="Savosuonâsiih — inari sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Savosuonâsiih" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="inari sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ordat%C3%ABt" title="Çordatët — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çordatët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Хордати — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хордати" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — sundanês" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggstr%C3%A4ngsdjur" title="Ryggsträngsdjur — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryggsträngsdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodata" title="Kodata — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kodata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF" title="முதுகுநாணி — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதுகுநாணி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE" title="కార్డేటా — telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కార్డేటా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Танобдорон — tajique" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Танобдорон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัตว์มีแกนสันหลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — tagalo" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monumanu_filo_siliva" title="Monumanu filo siliva — tonga" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Monumanu filo siliva" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="tonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kordal%C4%B1lar" title="Kordalılar — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kordalılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хордалылар — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хордалылар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Хордові — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хордові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حبلیات — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حبلیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xordalilar" title="Xordalilar — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xordalilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_d%C3%A2y_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Động vật có dây sống — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động vật có dây sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordab%C3%AAestn" title="Chordabêestn — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Chordabêestn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordata" title="Chordata — waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Chordata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊索动物 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脊索动物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ქორდიანეფი — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ქორდიანეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9F" title="כארדאטן — iídiche" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="כארדאטן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="iídiche" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doenghduz_ndoencag" title="Doenghduz ndoencag — zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doenghduz ndoencag" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chordabe%C3%AAsten" title="Chordabeêsten — Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Chordabeêsten" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊索动物 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脊索动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek-soh_t%C5%8Dng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chek-soh tōng-bu̍t — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chek-soh tōng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊索動物 — cantonês" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="脊索動物" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10915#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cordados" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Cordados" rel="discussion" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cordados"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Cordados" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Cordados" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&oldid=68592275" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&page=Cordados&id=68592275&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCordados"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCordados"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Cordados"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Cordados&action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chordata" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chordata" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10915" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia 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0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-content{border:1px solid #c0c090}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-style{border:2px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .tmbox-move{border:2px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Esta página <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">cita fontes</a>, mas que <b><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipédia:V">não cobrem</a> todo o conteúdo</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%C3%AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé">inserir referências</a> (<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&as_epq=Cordados">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&tbm=nws&q=Cordados&oq=Cordados">N</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_epq=Cordados">L</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&q=Cordados">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Maio de 2023</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellpadding="0" border="0" style="width:280px; background:white; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" class="topo padrao" style="padding:5px; text-align:center; font-size:medium; background:#FFABD5;"><span class=""><span class="noprint" style="position:relative; float:right;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Como_ler_uma_caixa_taxon%C3%B3mica" title="Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomia"><img alt="Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/15px-Information_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/23px-Information_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Information_icon.svg/30px-Information_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a></span></span>Cordados</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:5px; background:#FFABD5;"><small><small>Ocorrência: Ediacarano - Recente</small></small> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div style="display:inline-block; margin:-2px 0 0 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Pristella_maxillaris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="(Pristella maxillaris) um dos poucos cordados com uma visível espinha dorsal. A medula espinhal está inserida dentro de sua espinha dorsal."><img alt="(Pristella maxillaris) um dos poucos cordados com uma visível espinha dorsal. A medula espinhal está inserida dentro de sua espinha dorsal." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/280px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/420px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Pristella_maxillaris.jpg/560px-Pristella_maxillaris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span><br /><span style="display:block;padding:5px; font-size:0.9em">(Pristella maxillaris) um dos poucos <b>cordados</b> com uma visível <a href="/wiki/Espinha_dorsal" class="mw-redirect" title="Espinha dorsal">espinha dorsal</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Medula_espinhal" title="Medula espinhal">medula espinhal</a> está inserida dentro de sua espinha dorsal.</span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:5px; background:#FFABD5;"><a href="/wiki/Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Classificação científica">Classificação científica</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center;" colspan="2"> <table style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left; vertical-align:top;" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADnio_(biologia)" title="Domínio (biologia)">Domínio</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia)">Reino</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animal</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia)">Sub-reino</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eumetazoa" title="Eumetazoa">Eumetazoa</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(sem classif.) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bilateria" title="Bilateria">Bilateria</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Superfilo</a>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" title="Deuterostomia">Deuterostomia</a><br /><small></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filo</a>: </td> <td>Chordata<br /><small>Bateson, 1885</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; padding:5px; background:#FFABD5;">Subfilos </th></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center; text-align:left;padding:5px" colspan="2"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urochordata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urochordata (página não existe)">Urochordata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Os <b>cordados</b> (<b>Chordata</b>, do latim <i>chorda</i>, corda) constituem um <a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">filo</a> dentro do reino <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> que inclui os <a href="/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados">vertebrados</a>, os <a href="/wiki/Anfioxo" class="mw-redirect" title="Anfioxo">anfioxos</a> e os <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">tunicados</a>. Estes animais são caracterizados pela presença de uma simetria bilateral, <a href="/wiki/Notocorda" class="mw-redirect" title="Notocorda">notocorda</a>, sistema digestivo completo, um tubo nervoso dorsal, fendas branquiais e uma cauda pós-anal, em pelo menos uma fase de sua vida.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Os cordados compartilham características com muitos animais <a href="/wiki/Invertebrados" title="Invertebrados">invertebrados</a> sem notocorda, quanto ao plano estrutural, tais como <a href="/wiki/Simetria_bilateral" title="Simetria bilateral">simetria bilateral</a>, eixo anteroposterior, metamerismo e cefalização. O grupo abrange animais adaptados para a vida na água, na terra e no ar. Os cordados, juntamente com dois outros filos, o <a href="/wiki/Hemichordata" title="Hemichordata">Hemichordata</a> e o <a href="/wiki/Echinodermata" title="Echinodermata">Echinodermata</a>, formam o grupo dos deuterostômios (<a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" title="Deuterostomia">Deuterostomia</a>), ligados por diversos aspectos embrionários peculiares, na forma de suas larvas, pelo desenvolvimentos das aberturas embrionárias e da cavidade peritonial ou peritônio (evolução do <a href="/wiki/Celoma" title="Celoma">celoma</a> dos invertebrados). Internamente os cordados são divididos em três subfilos: <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">Urochordata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a>, principalmente com base nas características da notocorda. Nos urocordados, o estágio <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larval</a> tem notocorda e tubo neural, ambas desaparecendo no estágio adulto. Os cefalocordados têm notocorda e tubo neural, mas sem <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9rtebra" title="Vértebra">vértebras</a>. Já nos vertebrados, exceto nas feiticeiras (<a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">Myxini</a>), a notocorda foi reduzida e o tubo neural foi circundado por uma <a href="/wiki/Coluna_vertebral" title="Coluna vertebral">coluna vertebral</a> cartilaginosa ou óssea. </p><p>As relações filogenéticas dos cordados ainda não são bem compreendidas, existindo vários esquemas classificatórios conflitantes. Muitas de suas classes são <a href="/wiki/Parafil%C3%A9tico" title="Parafilético">parafiléticas</a>, não atendendo as exigências da <a href="/wiki/Clad%C3%ADstica" title="Cladística">cladística</a>, onde somente <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A1xon" title="Táxon">táxons</a> <a href="/wiki/Monofilia" title="Monofilia">monofiléticos</a> são reconhecidos como entidades taxonômicas válidas. É sugerida descendência dos crinóides, que embora fixos no substrato oceânico, desenvolvessem estágio larval e livre permanente com o fenômeno chamado <a href="/wiki/Neotenia" title="Neotenia">neotenia</a>. </p><p>Ecologicamente, os cordados estão entre os animais mais facilmente adaptáveis e são capazes de ocupar a maioria dos <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitats</a> existentes. </p><p>Os cordados se dividem em protocordados, os cordados mais primitivos, destituído de coluna vertebral e <a href="/wiki/Caixa_craniana" title="Caixa craniana">caixa craniana</a> e os eucordados, mais evoluídos, pois, além de apresentarem coluna vertebral têm crânio com <a href="/wiki/Enc%C3%A9falo" title="Encéfalo">encéfalo</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definição"><span id="Defini.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Definição</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Definição" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Definição"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb" style="float:right; margin-left:5px; border:solid #ccc 1px; padding:2px;;"> <div class="thumbinner image" style="position:relative; width:400px; height:340px; border:solid #ccc 1px; background-color:white;"> <div style=";left:0px; top:0px; width:400px; position:absolute;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anatomia da cephalochordate Amphioxus. Itens em negrito são os componentes de todos os cordados em algum momento de sua vida, e distingue-os dos outros filos ."><img alt="Anatomia da cephalochordate Amphioxus. Itens em negrito são os componentes de todos os cordados em algum momento de sua vida, e distingue-os dos outros filos ." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/600px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/800px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2165" data-file-height="704" /></a></span></div> <div id="annotations" style="text-align:left; background-color:transparent; line-height:110%;"> <div id="annotation_5x145" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:145px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">1 = Medula espinhal</span></div> <div id="annotation_5x165" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:165px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">2 = <b><a href="/wiki/Corda_dorsal" title="Corda dorsal">Corda dorsal</a></b> </span></div> <div id="annotation_5x185" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:185px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">3 = <b>Cordão nervoso dorsal</b> </span></div> <div id="annotation_5x205" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:205px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">4 = <b>cauda pós anal</b> </span></div> <div id="annotation_5x225" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:225px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">5 = <a href="/wiki/%C3%82nus" title="Ânus">ânus</a> </span></div> <div id="annotation_5x245" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:245px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">6 = <a href="/wiki/Aparelho_digest%C3%B3rio" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparelho digestório">Aparelho digestório</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_5x265" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:265px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">7 = <a href="/wiki/Sistema_circulat%C3%B3rio" title="Sistema circulatório">Sistema circulatório</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_5x285" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:285px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">8 = <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atri%C3%B3poro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atrióporo (página não existe)">atrióporo</a> </span></div> <div id="annotation_5x305" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:305px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">9 = espaço acima da <a href="/wiki/Faringe" title="Faringe">faringe</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_5x325" style="position:absolute; left:5px; top:325px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">10 = <b>fenda da faringe</b> (<a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A2nquia" title="Brânquia">Brânquia</a>) </span></div> <div id="annotation_200x145" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:145px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">11 = <a href="/wiki/Faringe" title="Faringe">faringe</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_200x165" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:165px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">12 = <a href="/wiki/Vest%C3%ADbulo" title="Vestíbulo">Vestíbulo</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_200x185" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:185px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">13 = <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADlio" title="Cílio">Cílio</a> oral</span></div> <div id="annotation_200x205" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:205px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">14 = Abertura da boca</span></div> <div id="annotation_200x225" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:225px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">15 = <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B3nada" title="Gónada">Gónada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ov%C3%A1rio" title="Ovário">Ovário</a>/<a href="/wiki/Test%C3%ADculo" title="Testículo">Testículo</a>)</span></div> <div id="annotation_200x245" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:245px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">16 = sensor de luz</span></div> <div id="annotation_200x265" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:265px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">17 = <a href="/wiki/Nervo" title="Nervo">Nervo</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_200x285" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:285px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">18 = <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metapleura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metapleura (página não existe)">metapleura</a></span></div> <div id="annotation_200x305" style="position:absolute; left:200px; top:305px; line-height:110%"><span style="background-color:transparent;">19 = <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADgado" title="Fígado">fígado</a></span></div> </div> <div style="visibility:hidden"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/400px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/600px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg/800px-BranchiostomaLanceolatum_PioM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2165" data-file-height="704" /></a></span></div> </div><div class="thumbcaption" style="font-size:90%; width:400px;">Anatomia da <i>cephalochordate Amphioxus</i>. Itens em negrito são os componentes de todos os cordados em algum momento de sua vida, e distingue-os dos outros filos .</div> </div> <p>Cordados formam um filo de seres vivos baseados em um <a href="/wiki/Plano_corporal" title="Plano corporal">plano corporal</a> bilateral.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> O filo é definido por ter em algum momento de suas vidas as seguinte características:<sup id="cite_ref-rychel_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rychel-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Uma <a href="/wiki/Corda_dorsal" title="Corda dorsal">Corda dorsal</a>, em outras palavras, é uma haste bastante rígida de <a href="/wiki/Cartilagem" class="mw-redirect" title="Cartilagem">cartilagem</a> que se estende ao longo do interior do corpo. Entre os subgrupo de vertebrados cordados a corda dorsal é acompanhada ou substituída por <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9rtebra" title="Vértebra">Vértebras</a>. Em espécies totalmente aquáticas isso ajuda o animal a nadar flexionando a cauda.</li> <li>Um <a href="/wiki/Tubo_neural" title="Tubo neural">Tubo neural</a>. Nos peixes e outros vertebrados este tubo se desenvolve na <a href="/wiki/Medula_espinhal" title="Medula espinhal">Medula espinhal</a>, é o tronco principal da comunicação do <a href="/wiki/Sistema_nervoso" title="Sistema nervoso">sistema nervoso</a>.</li> <li>Fendas na faringe. A <a href="/wiki/Faringe" title="Faringe">faringe</a> é a parte da <a href="/wiki/Garganta" title="Garganta">garganta</a> imediatamente atrás da boca. Em peixes as fendas são modificadas para formar a <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A2nquia" title="Brânquia">Brânquia</a>. Mas em alguns outros cordados fazem parte de um sistema de alimentação por filtração que extrai partículas de alimento da água em que eles vivem.</li> <li>A cauda muscular que se estende para trás logo após o <a href="/wiki/%C3%82nus" title="Ânus">ânus</a>.</li> <li>Um <a href="/wiki/End%C3%B3stilo" title="Endóstilo">Endóstilo</a>. Este é um sulco na <a href="/wiki/Termos_t%C3%A9cnicos_de_anatomia" class="mw-redirect" title="Termos técnicos de anatomia">ventral</a> na parede da faringe. No sistema de <a href="/wiki/Alimenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o_por_filtragem" class="mw-redirect" title="Alimentação por filtragem">Alimentação por filtragem</a>, as espécies produzem um <a href="/wiki/Muco" title="Muco">muco</a> para coletar partículas de alimento, que ajuda no transporte de alimentos para o <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B4mago" title="Estômago">estômago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ruppert_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ruppert-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> Ele também armazena <a href="/wiki/Iodo" title="Iodo">iodo</a>, e pode ser um precursor dos vertebrados na glândula <a href="/wiki/Tire%C3%B3ide" class="mw-redirect" title="Tireóide">tireóide</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-rychel_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rychel-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subdivisões"><span id="Subdivis.C3.B5es"></span>Subdivisões</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Subdivisões" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Subdivisões"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Craniata_ou_Vertebrata">Craniata ou Vertebrata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Craniata ou Vertebrata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Craniata ou Vertebrata"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Pacific_hagfish_Myxine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/12/Pacific_hagfish_Myxine.jpg" decoding="async" width="199" height="149" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="149" /></a><figcaption>Craniate: <a href="/wiki/Peixe-bruxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Peixe-bruxa">peixe-bruxa</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg/220px-Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg/330px-Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg/440px-Iguana_iguana_male_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3342" data-file-height="2277" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Iguana" title="Iguana">Iguana</a>, um <a href="/wiki/Vertebrado" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrado">vertebrado</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Os <a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">craniata</a>, uma das três subdivisões dos Cordados, têm <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A2nio" title="Crânio">crânios</a> distintos. <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Benton" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael J. Benton">Michael J. Benton</a> comenta que "os craniata caracterizam-se por suas cabeças, tal como os Cordados, ou possivelmente todos os <a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" title="Deuterostomia">deuterostómios</a>, o são por suas caudas".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A maioria são <a href="/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados">vertebrados</a>, em que a <a href="/wiki/Notocorda" class="mw-redirect" title="Notocorda">notocorda</a> é substituída pela <a href="/wiki/Coluna_vertebral" title="Coluna vertebral">coluna vertebral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UCMPMorphologyOfVertebrates_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCMPMorphologyOfVertebrates-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Esta consiste de uma série de vértebras <a href="/wiki/Cilindro" title="Cilindro">cilíndricas</a> ósseas ou cartilaginosas, geralmente com <a href="/wiki/Arco_neural" class="mw-redirect" title="Arco neural">arco neural</a> que protegem a <a href="/wiki/Medula_espinhal" title="Medula espinhal">medula espinhal</a> e com projeções que ligam as vértebras. Os <a href="/wiki/Peixe-bruxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Peixe-bruxa">Peixe-bruxa</a> têm uma manta craniana incompleta e não têm vértebras não sendo, por isso, consideradas animais vertebrados,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> mas sim um membro dos craniata, o grupo do quais se pensa que os vertebrados <a href="/wiki/Evolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Evolução">evoluíram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> A posição das <a href="/wiki/Lampreia" title="Lampreia">lampreias</a> é ambígua. Elas têm caixas cranianas completas e vértebras rudimentares e, portanto, podem ser consideradas <a href="/wiki/Peixes" class="mw-redirect" title="Peixes">peixes</a> verdadeiros e animais vertebrados.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> No entanto estudos de <a href="/wiki/Filogenia_molecular" class="mw-redirect" title="Filogenia molecular">filogenia molecular</a>, que usa características <a href="/wiki/Bioqu%C3%ADmica" title="Bioquímica">bioquímicas</a> para classificar os organismos, produziu resultados que os agrupa tanto com animais vertebrados como com <a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">peixe-bruxa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cephalochordata:_"anfioxos""><span id="Cephalochordata:_.22anfioxos.22"></span>Cephalochordata: "<a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">anfioxos</a>"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Cephalochordata: "anfioxos"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Cephalochordata: "anfioxos""><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolução"><span id="Evolu.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Evolução</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Evolução" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Evolução"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Existem milhares de <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3ssil" title="Fóssil">fósseis</a> de <a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%A9cie" title="Espécie">espécies</a> que mostram uma clara transição entre os ancestrais dos répteis e os répteis modernos. </p><p>O primeiro verdadeiro réptil é categorizado como <a href="/wiki/Anaps%C3%ADdeo" class="mw-redirect" title="Anapsídeo">Anapsídeo</a>, tendo um <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A2nio" title="Crânio">crânio</a> sólido com buracos apenas para <a href="/wiki/Boca" title="Boca">boca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nariz" title="Nariz">nariz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olho" title="Olho">olhos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouvido" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouvido">ouvidos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Medula_espinhal" title="Medula espinhal">medula espinhal</a>. Algumas pessoas acreditam que as <a href="/wiki/Tartarugas" class="mw-redirect" title="Tartarugas">tartarugas</a> são os Anaspídeos sobreviventes, já que eles compartilham essa estrutura de crânio, mas essa informação tem sido contestada ultimamente, com alguns argumentando que tartarugas criaram esse mecanismo de maneira a melhorar sua armadura. Os dois lados têm fortes evidências, e o conflito ainda está por ser resolvido. </p><p> Pouco depois do aparecimento dos répteis, o grupo dividiu-se em dois ramos. Um dos quais evoluiu para os <a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Mamíferos">mamíferos</a>, o outro voltou a dividir-se nos <a href="/wiki/Lepidossauro" class="mw-redirect" title="Lepidossauro">lepidossauros</a> (que inclui as <a href="/wiki/Cobra" title="Cobra">cobras</a> e <a href="/wiki/Lagarto" title="Lagarto">lagartos</a> modernos e talvez os répteis marinhos do <a href="/wiki/Mesoz%C3%B3ico" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesozóico">Mesozóico</a>) e nos arcossauros (<a href="/wiki/Crocodilo" title="Crocodilo">crocodilos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Dinossauro" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinossauro">dinossauros</a>). Esta última classe deu origem também às <a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">aves</a>.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/220px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/330px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/440px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="811" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a> são animais pequenos, com forma aproximada a peixe que não têm cérebros, cabeças claramente definidas e órgãos sensoriais especializados.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> Essas subterrâneas alimentadores de filtro podem ser os parentes vivos mais próximos do craniates ou membros sobreviventes do grupo do qual todos os outros Cordados evoluíram.<sup id="cite_ref-Gee2008AmphioxusUnleashed_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gee2008AmphioxusUnleashed-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urochordata:_"tunicados""><span id="Urochordata:_.22tunicados.22"></span>Urochordata: "tunicados"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Urochordata: "tunicados"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Urochordata: "tunicados""><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">Tunicados</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:BU_Bio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg/220px-BU_Bio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg/330px-BU_Bio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/BU_Bio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="356" /></a><figcaption>Tunicados</figcaption></figure> <p>A maioria dos <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">tunicados</a> aparecem como adultos em duas formas principais, que são sacos de geleia que não têm os recursos padrão dos Cordados: "<i>sea squirts</i>" são sésseis e consistem principalmente de bombas de água e aparelhos de alimentação;<sup id="cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Salpida" title="Salpida">Salpida</a> flutua no meio da água, alimentam-se de <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A2ncton" title="Plâncton">plâncton</a> e têm um ciclo de duas gerações em que uma geração é solitária e a próxima forma <a href="/wiki/Col%C3%B3nia_(biologia)" title="Colónia (biologia)">colónias</a> semelhantes a cadeias.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> No entanto todos as <a href="/wiki/Larva" title="Larva">larvas</a> de tunicado têm características de Cordados padrão, incluindo caudas semelhantes às de <a href="/wiki/Girino" title="Girino">girinos</a>; também têm cérebros rudimentares, sensores de luz e sensores de inclinação.<sup id="cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> O terceiro grupo principal de tunicados, <a href="/wiki/Appendicularia" title="Appendicularia">Appendicularia</a> mantêm uma forma parecida à de um girino e natação activa todas as suas vidas, tendo sido durante muito tempo considerados como larvas dos outros dois grupos.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup> Como as suas larvas têm uma longa cauda os tunicados também são chamados de <b>urochordata</b> ("Cordados com cauda").<sup id="cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origens_e_evolução"><span id="Origens_e_evolu.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Origens e evolução</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar secção: Origens e evolução" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Origens e evolução"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A origem dos cordados ainda é desconhecida. Os primeiros cordados identificáveis são espécimes semelhantes à peixes ou lanceolados do período <a href="/wiki/Cambriano" title="Cambriano">Cambriano</a>. A maioria das especulações sobre sua origem assenta-se em uma ou mais destas categorias: </p> <ul><li>um animal semelhante a um verme que desenvolveu um corpo achatado e/ou nadadeiras para nadar;</li> <li>um filtrador tubular séssil que evoluiu em um animal de vida livre com nadadeiras;</li> <li>uma larva natante que manteve as nadadeiras no estágio adulto.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg/250px-Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg/375px-Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg/500px-Botrylloides_violaceus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Botrylloides_violaceus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Botrylloides violaceus (página não existe)">Botrylloides violaceus</a></i> um tunicado.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/250px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/375px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg/500px-Branchiostoma_lanceolatum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="811" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Branchiostoma_lanceolatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Branchiostoma lanceolatum">Branchiostoma lanceolatum</a></i> um cefalocordado.</figcaption></figure> <p>A primeira classe identificada dos cordados foram reduzidas a peixes- ou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lancelet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lancelet (página não existe)">lancelet</a>-como espécies de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cambrian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cambrian (página não existe)">Cambrian</a>. A maioria das especulações sobre sua origem são as seguintes categorias: </p> <ul><li>Uma minhoca que nadava nos grandes lagos congelados.</li> <li>Um tubo sensível em forma de larva, que percorria todo o tubo gastrointestinal do animal.</li> <li>Vários microtúbulos no interior do intestino.</li></ul> <p>A rigidez da notocorda, em muitos cordados, provavelmente evoluiu para ajudar na eficiência da contração alternada de músculos para natação (em movimentos em forma de S). Em outras palavras, para curvar o corpo, o músculo precisa de uma estrutura rígida para segurá-lo e essa é a principal característica da notocorda em seu estágio inicial. A falta de uma parte rígida no corpo resultaria no encurtamento do animal no lugar de movimentos curvilíneos necessários para a natação. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Classificação"><span id="Classifica.C3.A7.C3.A3o"></span>Classificação</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar secção: Classificação" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Classificação"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O filo <i>Chordata</i> subdivide-se em três subfilos: <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">Urochordata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a> e <a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a>. A classificação destes dois subfilos está baseada na posição da <a href="/wiki/Notocorda" class="mw-redirect" title="Notocorda">notocorda</a> no corpo do animal: <i>Urochordata</i>, apresenta o notocórdio na cauda e somente na fase larval; nos <i>Cephalochordata</i>, ela se estende por todo o corpo, persistindo até a fase adulta. Ambos são considerados animais invertebrados. Os <i>Vertebrata</i> caracterizam-se pela presença de <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9rtebra" title="Vértebra">vértebras</a> e pelo desenvolvimento do <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A2nio" title="Crânio">crânio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As inter-relações entre os três filos ainda é incerta. Os organismos classificados como <i>Urochordata</i> e <i>Cephalochordata</i> podem ser agrupados no <a href="/wiki/Clado" title="Clado">clado</a> <b>Protochordata</b> <a href="/wiki/Parafil%C3%A9tico" title="Parafilético">*</a>, assim como os cefalocordados e os vertebrados podem ser agrupados no grupo <b>Euchordata</b>. </p><p>Tradicionalmente, os <a href="/wiki/Cefalocordado" class="mw-redirect" title="Cefalocordado">cefalocordados</a> são considerados como os parentes vivos mais próximos dos <a href="/wiki/Vertebrado" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrado">vertebrados</a>, com os <a href="/wiki/Tunicado" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunicado">tunicados</a> representando a linhagem primitiva dos cordados (Quadro 1). Essa visão é principalmente suportada por similaridades morfológicas e pelo aumento aparente de complexidade nos cefalocordados e vertebrados em relação aos tunicados. <b>Quadro 1</b> - Visão tradicional dos cordados: </p> <pre>⇐o Chordata |-- Urochordata `--+-- Cephalochordata `—Vertebrat </pre> <p>Entretanto, análises cladísticas combinando <a href="/wiki/RNAr" class="mw-redirect" title="RNAr">RNA</a> e dados morfológicos demonstraram um novo clado, o <b>Olfactores</b>, formado por tunicados e vertebrados (Quadro 2). <b>Quadro 2</b> - Esquema baseado nos achados de Delsuc et al.,2006: </p> <pre>⇐o Chordata |-- <a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a> `--o Olfactores |-- <a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">Urochordata</a> `-- <a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a> </pre> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taxonomia">Taxonomia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar secção: Taxonomia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Taxonomia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O esquema seguinte segue a terceira edição do <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertebrate_Palaeontology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertebrate Palaeontology (página não existe)">Vertebrate Palaeontology</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup> As classes dos cordados invertebrados provêm do <a href="/wiki/Fishes_of_the_World" title="Fishes of the World">Fishes of the World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></a></sup> Ainda que esteja estruturado para refletir relações evolutivas (semelhante a um <a href="/wiki/Clad%C3%ADstica" title="Cladística">cladograma</a>), também retém os níveis tradicionais usados na <a href="/wiki/Taxonomia_de_Lineu" title="Taxonomia de Lineu">taxonomia de Lineu</a>. </p> <ul><li><b>Filo <a href="/wiki/Chordata" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordata">Chordata</a></b> <ul><li>Subfilo <b><a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">Urochordata</a></b> (Urochordata) — (tunicados; 3 000 espécies) <ul><li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Ascidiacea" title="Ascidiacea">Ascidiacea</a></b></li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Thaliacea" title="Thaliacea">Thaliacea</a></b> (salps)</li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Appendicularia" title="Appendicularia">Appendicularia</a></b> (larvacea)</li></ul></li> <li>Subfilo <b><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></b> (Acraniata) — (anfioxos; 30 espécies)</li> <li>Subfilo <b><a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a>) (vertebrados — animais com coluna vertebral; 57 674 espécies) <ul><li>Infrafilo '<b><a href="/wiki/Agnatha" title="Agnatha">Agnatha</a>'</b> <a href="/wiki/Parafil%C3%A9tico" title="Parafilético">parafilético</a> (vertebrados sem mandíbula; mais de 100 espécies) <ul><li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">Myxini</a> (enguias-de-casulo; 65 espécies)</li> <li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Petromyzontida" class="mw-redirect" title="Petromyzontida">Petromyzontida</a> (lampreias)</li> <li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Conodonta" title="Conodonta">Conodonta</a></li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Pteraspidomorphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pteraspidomorphi">Pteraspidomorphi</a></b> (peixes sem mandíbula do Paleozóico) <ul><li>Ordem <a href="/wiki/Anaspida" title="Anaspida">Anaspida</a></li> <li>Ordem <a href="/wiki/Thelodonti" title="Thelodonti">Thelodonti</a> (peixes sem mandíbula do Paleozóico)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Infrafilo <b><a href="/wiki/Gnathostomata" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnathostomata">Gnathostomata</a></b> (vertebrados com <a href="/wiki/Mand%C3%ADbula" title="Mandíbula">mandíbula</a>) <ul><li>Superclasse <b><a href="/wiki/Peixes" class="mw-redirect" title="Peixes">Peixes</a></b> (vertebrados com <a href="/wiki/Nadadeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Nadadeira">nadadeiras</a>, mais de 20 mil espécies) <ul><li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Placodermi" class="mw-redirect" title="Placodermi">Placodermi</a></b> (formas do Paleozóico com "armadura")</li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Chondrichthyes" title="Chondrichthyes">Chondrichthyes</a></b> (peixes cartilagíneos; mais de 900 espécies)</li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Acanthodii" title="Acanthodii">Acanthodii</a></b> ("tubarões espinhados" do Paleozóico)</li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Osteichthyes" title="Osteichthyes">Osteichthyes</a></b> (peixes ósseos; mais de 30 000 espécies) <ul><li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">Actinopterygii</a> (peixes com barbatanas raiadas; cerca de 30 000 espécies)</li> <li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Actinistia" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinistia">Actinistia</a> (peixes com barbatanas carnudas)</li> <li>Classe <a href="/wiki/Dipnoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Dipnoi">Dipnoi</a> (peixes pulmonados)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Superclasse <b><a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrapoda">Tetrapoda</a></b> (vertebrados de quatro patas; mais de 28 000 espécies) <ul><li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Amphibia" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibia">Amphibia</a></b> (anfíbios; 6 000 espécies) <ul><li>Série <b><a href="/wiki/Amniota" title="Amniota">Amniota</a></b> (com ovos amnióticos)</li></ul></li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Reptilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptilia">Reptilia</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a></b> (répteis; mais de 8 225 espécies) <ul><li>Subclasse <b><a href="/wiki/Anapsida" title="Anapsida">Anapsida</a></b> ("proto-répteis" extinctos e possivelmente <a href="/wiki/Tartaruga" class="mw-redirect" title="Tartaruga">tartarugas</a>)</li> <li>Subclasse <b><a href="/wiki/Synapsida" title="Synapsida">Synapsida</a></b> ("répteis" semelhantes a mamíferos; mais de 4 500 espécies, progenitores dos <a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Mamíferos">mamíferos</a>)</li> <li>Subclasse <b><a href="/wiki/Diapsida" title="Diapsida">Diapsida</a></b> (maioria dos répteis, progenitores das <a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">aves</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">Aves</a></b> (aves; 8 800–10 000 espécies)</li> <li>Classe <b><a href="/wiki/Mammalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammalia">Mammalia</a></b> (mamíferos; 5 800 espécies)</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filogenia">Filogenia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar secção: Filogenia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Filogenia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="border: 1px solid #ccc; vertical-align: middle; width: {{{width}}}px; margin:0.2em 0 0.2em 1em; float:right; clear:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; border: 0; padding: 0;">Cordados </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding: 5px"> <p><br /> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left; font-size: 88%; border: 0; padding: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Cladograma" title="Cladograma">Cladograma</a> do filo Chordata. As linhas mostram prováveis relações evolutivas, incluindo <i>taxa</i> extintos, que estão indicados com uma †. Alguns são invertebrados. As posições (relações) dos clados dos Anfioxos, Tunicados e Craniata estão como forma relatados<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span>[</span>20<span>]</span></a></sup> na revista científica <i><a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a></i>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64103782">.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:95%;line-height:95%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>Chordata</b>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Anfioxo" class="mw-redirect" title="Anfioxo">Anfioxo</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunicata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunicata (página não existe)">Tunicata</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Appendicularia" title="Appendicularia">Appendicularia</a> (antigamente <a href="/wiki/Larvacea" title="Larvacea">Larvacea</a>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Thaliacea" title="Thaliacea">Thaliacea</a>  </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Ascidiacea" title="Ascidiacea">Ascidiacea</a>  </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">Myxini</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Vertebrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Vertebrata">Vertebrata</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Conodonta" title="Conodonta">Conodonta</a>† </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Cephalaspidomorphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cephalaspidomorphi">Cephalaspidomorphi</a>† </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Hyperoartia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperoartia">Hyperoartia</a> (Petromyzontida) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Pteraspidomorphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Pteraspidomorphi">Pteraspidomorphi</a>† </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Gnathostomata" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnathostomata">Gnathostomata</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Placodermi" class="mw-redirect" title="Placodermi">Placodermi</a>† </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Chondrichthyes" title="Chondrichthyes">Chondrichthyes</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Teleostomi" title="Teleostomi">Teleostomi</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Acanthodii" title="Acanthodii">Acanthodii</a>† </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Osteichthyes" title="Osteichthyes">Osteichthyes</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">Actinopterygii</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Sarcopterygii" title="Sarcopterygii">Sarcopterygii</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><div style="display:inline;" class="nowrap"><span style="color:white;">void</span></div> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <a href="/wiki/Tetrapoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetrapoda">Tetrapoda</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Amphibia" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphibia">Amphibia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Amniota" title="Amniota">Amniota</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <a href="/wiki/Synapsida" title="Synapsida">Synapsida</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><div style="display:inline;" class="nowrap"><span style="color:white;">void</span></div> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Mammalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammalia">Mammalia</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><div style="display:inline;" class="nowrap"><span style="color:white;">void</span></div> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r64103782"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p> <a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">Aves</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Protocordados">Protocordados</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar secção: Protocordados" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Protocordados"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os <b>protocordados</b> constituem uma subdivisão dos cordados. </p><p>São pequenos animais marinhos destituídos de crânio e de coluna vertebral, cuja única estrutura esquelética de sustentação é a <a href="/wiki/Notocorda" class="mw-redirect" title="Notocorda">notocorda</a>, que pode ou não persistir em certas espécies adultas. </p><p>Os protocordados se dividem em, basicamente, dois grupos: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cefalocordados" class="mw-redirect" title="Cefalocordados">cefalocordados</a>, grupo mais complexo que apresenta as características básicas de todos os cordados durante toda a vida, como o <a href="/wiki/Anfioxo" class="mw-redirect" title="Anfioxo">anfioxo</a>;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicados" title="Tunicados">urocordados</a> ou <b>tunicados</b>, animais <a href="/wiki/Monoico" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoico">monoicos</a> cujo <a href="/wiki/Sistema_nervoso" title="Sistema nervoso">sistema nervoso</a>, no estágio larval, é composto por fibras nervosas dorsais e um cordão nervoso, que na maioria dos casos fica na cauda do animal. Uma vez fixada a um suporte — uma rocha, por exemplo —, a larva perde a <a href="/wiki/Notocorda" class="mw-redirect" title="Notocorda">notocorda</a> e o tubo nervoso dorsal, e assim ela ficará durante a fase adulta. Exemplo desse grupo são as <a href="/wiki/Asc%C3%ADdia" title="Ascídia">ascídias</a>.</li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seaworm.penichefossil.net/">Fóssil de verme marinho</a> - artigo </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Valentine, J.W. (2004). Sobre a origem dos filos. Chicago: Universidade de Chicago: <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0226845486" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-84548-6</a> "Classificação dos organismos em sistemas hierárquicos foram utilizados desde os séculos XVII e XVIII. Normalmente, os organismos eram agrupados de acordo com suas semelhanças morfológicas tal como percebidas por esses primeiros trabalhadores, e esse grupos foram, então, agrupados de acordo com as suas semelhanças, e assim por diante, para formar uma hierarquia"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rychel-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-rychel_3-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-rychel_3-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Rychel, A.L., Smith, S.E., Shimamoto, H.T., and Swalla, B.J. (2006). «Evolution and Development of the Chordates: Collagen and Pharyngeal Cartilage». <i>Molecular Biology and Evolution</i>. <b>23</b> (3): 541–549. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16280542">16280542</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsj055">10.1093/molbev/msj055</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+Development+of+the+Chordates%3A+Collagen+and+Pharyngeal+Cartilage&rft.au=Rychel%2C+A.L.%2C+Smith%2C+S.E.%2C+Shimamoto%2C+H.T.%2C+and+Swalla%2C+B.J.&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.pages=541-549&rft.volume=23&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsj055&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16280542&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ruppert-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ruppert_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ruppert, E. (2005)<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://article.pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/RPAS/rpv?hm=HInit&afpf=z04-158.pdf&journal=cjz&volume=83">"Personagens - chave que une hemichordada e cordados: homologias ou homoplasias"</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_inativa" title="Wikipédia:Ligação inativa"><i>[ligação inativa]</i></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">Digital object identifier</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rparticle.web-p.cisti.nrc.ca/rparticle/AbstractTemplateServlet?calyLang=eng&journal=cjz&volume=83&year=2005&issue=1&msno=z04-158">10.11.39/z04-158</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Liga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_inativa" title="Wikipédia:Ligação inativa"><i>[ligação inativa]</i></a></sup>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Benton, M.J. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=PQuKO7xqjNQC&dq=vertebrate&printsec=frontcover"><i>Vertebrate Palaeontology: Biology and Evolution</i></a>. [S.l.]: Blackwell Publishing. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0632056142" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0632056142">0632056142</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.au=Benton%2C+M.J.&rft.btitle=Vertebrate+Palaeontology%3A+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0632056142&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DPQuKO7xqjNQC%26dq%3Dvertebrate%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UCMPMorphologyOfVertebrates-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UCMPMorphologyOfVertebrates_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/vertmm.html">«Morphology of the Vertebrates»</a>. University of California Museum of Paleontology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 23 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Morphology+of+the+Vertebrates&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+California+Museum+of+Paleontology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucmp.berkeley.edu%2Fvertebrates%2Fvertmm.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/basalfish/myxini.html">«Introduction to the Myxini»</a>. University of California Museum of Paleontology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 28 de outubro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Myxini&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+California+Museum+of+Paleontology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucmp.berkeley.edu%2Fvertebrates%2Fbasalfish%2Fmyxini.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neil_A._Campbell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neil A. Campbell (página não existe)">Campbell, N.A.</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jane_Reece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jane Reece (página não existe)">Reece, J.B.</a> (2005). <i>Biology</i> 7th ed. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0805370951" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0805370951">0805370951</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.au=Campbell%2C+N.A.+and+Reece%2C+J.B.&rft.btitle=Biology&rft.date=2005&rft.edition=7th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0805370951&rft.place=San+Francisco%2C+CA&rft.pub=Benjamin+Cummings&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/basalfish/petro.html">«Introduction to the Petromyzontiformes»</a>. University of California Museum of Paleontology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 28 de outubro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Petromyzontiformes&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+California+Museum+of+Paleontology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ucmp.berkeley.edu%2Fvertebrates%2Fbasalfish%2Fpetro.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Shigehiro Kuraku, S., Hoshiyama, D., Katoh, K., Suga, H, and Miyata, T. (1999). «Monophyly of Lampreys and Hagfishes Supported by Nuclear DNA-Coded Genes». <i>Journal of Molecular Evolution</i>. <b>49</b> (6): 729–735. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10594174">10594174</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2FPL00006595">10.1007/PL00006595</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.atitle=Monophyly+of+Lampreys+and+Hagfishes+Supported+by+Nuclear+DNA-Coded+Genes&rft.au=Shigehiro+Kuraku%2C+S.%2C+Hoshiyama%2C+D.%2C+Katoh%2C+K.%2C+Suga%2C+H%2C+and+Miyata%2C+T.&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Evolution&rft.pages=729-735&rft.volume=49&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FPL00006595&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10594174&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> !CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores (<a href="/wiki/Categoria:!CS1_manut:_Nomes_m%C3%BAltiplos:_lista_de_autores" title="Categoria:!CS1 manut: Nomes múltiplos: lista de autores">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Benton, M.J. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=PQuKO7xqjNQC&dq=vertebrate&printsec=frontcover"><i>Vertebrate Palaeontology: Biology and Evolution</i></a>. [S.l.]: Blackwell Publishing. p. 6. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0632056142" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0632056142">0632056142</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.au=Benton%2C+M.J.&rft.btitle=Vertebrate+Palaeontology%3A+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0632056142&rft.pages=6&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DPQuKO7xqjNQC%26dq%3Dvertebrate%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gee2008AmphioxusUnleashed-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gee2008AmphioxusUnleashed_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Gee, H. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v453/n7198/full/453999a.html">«Evolutionary biology: The amphioxus unleashed»</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>453</b> (7198): 999–1000. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563145">18563145</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2F453999a">10.1038/453999a</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.atitle=Evolutionary+biology%3A+The+amphioxus+unleashed&rft.au=Gee%2C+H.&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=7198&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=999-1000&rft.volume=453&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Fnature%2Fjournal%2Fv453%2Fn7198%2Ffull%2F453999a.html&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F453999a&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18563145&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webs.lander.edu/rsfox/invertebrates/branchiostoma.html">«Branchiostoma»</a>. Lander University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 23 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Branchiostoma&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Lander+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebs.lander.edu%2Frsfox%2Finvertebrates%2Fbranchiostoma.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-Benton2002VertebratePalaeontologyP5_14-2">c</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Benton, M.J. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=PQuKO7xqjNQC&dq=vertebrate&printsec=frontcover"><i>Vertebrate Palaeontology: Biology and Evolution</i></a>. [S.l.]: Blackwell Publishing. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0632056142" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0632056142">0632056142</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.au=Benton%2C+M.J.&rft.btitle=Vertebrate+Palaeontology%3A+Biology+and+Evolution&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0632056142&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DPQuKO7xqjNQC%26dq%3Dvertebrate%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/blueplanet/factfiles/jellies/salp_bg.shtml">«Animal fact files: salp»</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 22 de setembro de 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Animal+fact+files%3A+salp&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnature%2Fblueplanet%2Ffactfiles%2Fjellies%2Fsalp_bg.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110320223518/http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/publications/electronic-books/pubs/tunicates/05-appendicularia.pdf">«Appendicularia»</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Australian Government Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 28 de outubro de 2008</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/publications/electronic-books/pubs/tunicates/05-appendicularia.pdf">original</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> em 20 de março de 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Appendicularia&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Australian+Government+Department+of+the+Environment%2C+Water%2C+Heritage+and+the+Arts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.environment.gov.au%2Fbiodiversity%2Fabrs%2Fpublications%2Felectronic-books%2Fpubs%2Ftunicates%2F05-appendicularia.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Holland, P.W.; L.Z. Holland, N.A. Williams, N.D. Holland (1 de novembro de 1992). «An amphioxus homeobox gene: sequence conservation, spatial expression during development and insights into vertebrate evolution». <i>Development</i>. <b>116</b> (3): 653 -661</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.atitle=An+amphioxus+homeobox+gene%3A+sequence+conservation%2C+spatial+expression+during+development+and+insights+into+vertebrate+evolution&rft.aufirst=P.W.&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.date=1992-11-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Development&rft.pages=653+-661&rft.volume=116&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">A referência emprega parâmetros obsoletos <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|coautor=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Erros_nas_refer%C3%AAncias#deprecated_params" title="Ajuda:Erros nas referências">ajuda</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Benton, M.J. (2004). <i>Vertebrate Palaeontology</i>, Third Edition. Blackwell Publishing, 472 pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/benton/vertclass.html">O esquema de classificação está disponível <i>online</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Nelson, J. S. (2006). <i>Fishes of the World</i> 4th ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. pp. 601 pp. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/0-471-25031-7" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/0-471-25031-7">0-471-25031-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.au=Nelson%2C+J.+S.&rft.btitle=Fishes+of+the+World&rft.date=2006&rft.edition=4th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-25031-7&rft.pages=601+pp.&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons%2C+Inc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Putnam, H.; Butts, T.; Ferrier, E.; Furlong, F.; Hellsten, U.; Kawashima, T.; Robinson-Rechavi, M.; Shoguchi, E. et al. (Jun 2008). "O genoma do anfioxo e Evolução dos Cordados do cariótipo". Nature 453 (7198): 1064–1071. doi:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v453/n7198/full/nature06967.html">10.1038/nature06967.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/title/nature/oclc/1586310">ISSN 0028-0836</a> . PMID <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18563158">18563158.</a> (em inglês)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editar secção: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=12" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Bibliografia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>HICKMAN, C. P.; ROBERTS, L. S.; LARSON, A. <b>Princípios Integrados de Zoologia</b>. Rio de Janeiro: GuanabaraKoogan, 2004.</li> <li>POUGH, F. H.; JANIS, C. M.; HEISTER, J. B. <b>A Vida dos Vertebrados</b>. São Paulo: Atheneu, 2003.</li> <li>DELSUC, F.; BRINKMANN, H.; CHOURROUT, D.; PHILIPPE, H. (2006). <b>Tunicates and not cephalochordates are the closest living relatives of vertebrates</b>. <i>Nature Letters</i> 439: 965-968.</li> <li>HOLLAND, P. (2006). <b>My sister is a sea squirt?</b>. <i>Heredity</i> 96: 424-425.</li> <li>ZHENG, L; SWALLA, B. J. (2005). <b>Molecular phylogeny of the protochordates: chordate evolution</b>. <i>Can. J. Zool.</i> 83: 24-33.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cordados&action=edit&section=13" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"><div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikispecies"><img alt="Wikispecies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/25px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/38px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/50px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a><figcaption>Wikispecies</figcaption></figure></div><div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Página principal">Wikispecies</a> tem informações sobre: <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Chordata" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Chordata">Cordados</a></b></i></div></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chordata?uselang=pt">Cordado</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thebigger.com/section/biology/phylum-chordata/">«Detalhes completos sobre o filo chordata»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Detalhes+completos+sobre+o+filo+chordata&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebigger.com%2Fsection%2Fbiology%2Fphylum-chordata%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globaltwitcher.com/taxa_class.asp?phylaid=1">«Cordados em GlobalTwitcher.com»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Cordados+em+GlobalTwitcher.com&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globaltwitcher.com%2Ftaxa_class.asp%3Fphylaid%3D1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499">«Cordados na árvore da vida»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Cordados+na+%C3%A1rvore+da+vida&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftolweb.org%2FChordata%2F2499&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=7711">«Cordados: NCBI Taxonomia»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Cordados%3A+NCBI+Taxonomia&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2FTaxonomy%2FBrowser%2Fwwwtax.cgi%3Fid%3D7711&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/Chordata/2499">«Chordata - Tree Of Life»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=Chordata+-+Tree+Of+Life&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftolweb.org%2FChordata%2F2499&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Chordata.html">«ADW - Chordata»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ACordados&rft.btitle=ADW+-+Chordata&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fanimaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu%2Fsite%2Faccounts%2Finformation%2FChordata.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helsinki.fi/~mhaaramo/metazoa/deuterostoma/chordata/chordata.html">Mikko's Haaramo Phylogeny - Chordata</a></li> <li>Evaluating Hypotheses of Deuterostome Phylogeny and Chordate Evolution with New LSU and SSU Ribosomal DNA Data <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/19/5/762">[1]</a></li> <li>Evolution of the chordate body plan: New insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/97/9/4469#F2">[2]</a></li> <li>Deuterostome Phylogeny and the Sister Group of the Chordates: Evidence from Molecules and Morphology <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/11/4/648.pdf">[3]</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10915" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q10915">Q10915</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tesauro_de_Arte_e_Arquitetura" title="Tesauro de Arte e Arquitetura">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300266513">300266513</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Floren%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florença">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=1450">1450</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional da França">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120181434">120181434</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Grande Enciclopédia Soviética">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4697010">4697010</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/animal/chordate">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4147895-2">4147895-2</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_controle_da_Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Número de controle da Biblioteca do Congresso">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85024735">sh85024735</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570575">00570575</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_T%C3%A9cnica_Nacional_de_Praga" title="Biblioteca Técnica Nacional de Praga">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH947">947</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45892814" class="extiw" title="d:Q45892814">Wiki Aves</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikiaves.com.br/chordata">chordata</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identificadores_taxonómicos" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identificadores_taxonómicos" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomia" title="Taxonomia">Identificadores taxonómicos</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Chordata/">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioLib" class="extiw" title="cs:BioLib">BioLib</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id14966">14966</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" class="extiw" title="en:Barcode of Life Data System">Bold Systems</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=18">18</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20425914" class="extiw" title="d:Q20425914">Dyntaxa</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dyntaxa.se/taxon/info/5000034">5000034</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A9dia_da_Vida" class="mw-redirect" title="Enciclopédia da Vida">EOL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/694">694</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Europeia_e_Mediterr%C3%A2nica_para_a_Prote%C3%A7%C3%A3o_das_Plantas" title="Organização Europeia e Mediterrânica para a Proteção das Plantas">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1CHORP">1CHORP</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">FE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:11996">11996</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">FE-New</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/1700ebea-6b47-49a0-ab76-b82462c4c44b">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks_Paleobiology_Database" title="Fossilworks Paleobiology Database">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=273393">273393</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/44">44</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/2">2</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" class="extiw" title="en:Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=148">148</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/ITIS" title="ITIS">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=158852">158852</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=7711">7711</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nederlands_Soortenregister" class="extiw" title="nl:Nederlands Soortenregister">Soortenregister</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nederlandsesoorten.nl/linnaeus_ng/app/views/species/nsr_taxon.php?id=138384">138384</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3551271" class="extiw" title="d:Q3551271">uBio</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=216536">216536</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/WikiAves" title="WikiAves">WikiAves</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikiaves.com.br/chordata">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1821">1821</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Identificadores" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Identificadores" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;">Identificadores</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D043344">D043344</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/B01.050.150">B01.050.150</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Unificado_de_Linguagem_M%C3%A9dica" title="Sistema Unificado de Linguagem Médica">UMLS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncim-stage.nci.nih.gov/ncimbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI%20Metathesaurus&code=C0920312">C0920312</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Filos_viventes_do_reino_Animalia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Animalia" title="Predefinição:Animalia"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Animalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Animalia (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Animalia&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Filos_viventes_do_reino_Animalia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Filo" title="Filo">Filos</a> viventes do reino <a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id=";Domínio_:_Archaea_:_Bacteria_:_Eukaryota_;(Reino_:_Plantae_:_Hacrobia_:_Heterokonta_:_Alveolata_:_Rhizaria_:_Excavata_:_Amoebozoa_:_Animal_:_Fungi)"><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r57040788">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Dom%C3%ADnio_(biologia)" title="Domínio (biologia)">Domínio</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Archaea" title="Predefinição:Archaea">Archaea</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Bacteria" title="Predefinição:Bacteria">Bacteria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Eukaryota" title="Predefinição:Classificação Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></dd> <dt><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia)">Reino</a></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Plantas" title="Predefinição:Classificação Plantas">Plantae</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Hacrobia" title="Predefinição:Hacrobia">Hacrobia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Heterokonta" title="Predefinição:Heterokonta">Heterokonta</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Alveolata" title="Predefinição:Alveolata">Alveolata</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Rhizaria" title="Predefinição:Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Excavata" title="Predefinição:Excavata">Excavata</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Amoebozoa" title="Predefinição:Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Animalia" title="Predefinição:Animalia">Animal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Fungi" title="Predefinição:Fungi">Fungi</a>)</dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parazoa" title="Parazoa">Parazoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Porifera" title="Porifera">Porifera</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calcarea" title="Calcarea">Calcarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demospongiae" title="Demospongiae">Demospongiae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexactinellida" title="Hexactinellida">Hexactinellida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placozoa" title="Placozoa">Placozoa</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Trichoplax" class="mw-redirect" title="Trichoplax">Trichoplax</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mesozoa" title="Mesozoa">Mesozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthonectida" title="Orthonectida">Orthonectida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicyemida" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicyemida">Dicyemida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoblastozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoblastozoa">Monoblastozoa<sup><small><i>duvidoso</i></small></sup></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eumetazoa" title="Eumetazoa">Eumetazoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Radiata" title="Radiata">Radiata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ctenophora" title="Ctenophora">Ctenophora</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cnidaria" title="Cnidaria">Cnidaria</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthozoa" title="Anthozoa">Anthozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrozoa" title="Hydrozoa">Hydrozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scyphozoa" title="Scyphozoa">Scyphozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubozoa" title="Cubozoa">Cubozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stauromedusae" title="Stauromedusae">Staurozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myxozoa" title="Myxozoa">Myxozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polypodiozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Polypodiozoa">Polypodiozoa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bilateria" title="Bilateria">Bilateria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protostomia" title="Protostomia">Protostomia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecdysozoa" title="Ecdysozoa">Ecdysozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scalidophora" title="Scalidophora">Scalidophora</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinorhyncha" title="Kinorhyncha">Kinorhyncha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loricifera" title="Loricifera">Loricifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priapulida" title="Priapulida">Priapulida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nematoida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nematoida (página não existe)">Nematoida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Nematoda" title="Nematoda">Nematoda</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nematomorpha" title="Nematomorpha">Nematomorpha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panarthropoda" title="Panarthropoda">Panarthropoda</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Onychophora" title="Onychophora">Onychophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tardigrada" title="Tardigrada">Tardigrada</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lophotrochozoa" title="Lophotrochozoa">Lophotrochozoa</a> <br /> (<a href="/wiki/Spiralia" title="Spiralia">Spiralia</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Platyzoa" title="Platyzoa">Platyzoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Platelmintos" class="mw-redirect" title="Platelmintos">Platyhelminthes</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrotricha" title="Gastrotricha">Gastrotricha</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Gnathifera" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnathifera_(filo)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnathifera (filo) (página não existe)">Gnathifera</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rotifera" title="Rotifera">Rotifera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnathostomulida" title="Gnathostomulida">Gnathostomulida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limnognathia" class="mw-redirect" title="Limnognathia">Micrognathozoa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trochozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Trochozoa">Trochozoa</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nemertea" title="Nemertea">Nemertea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipuncula" title="Sipuncula">Sipuncula</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mollusca" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusca">Mollusca</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Annelida" class="mw-redirect" title="Annelida">Annelida</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoronida" title="Phoronida">Phoronida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachiopoda" title="Brachiopoda">Brachiopoda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Polyzoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyzoa">Polyzoa</a>(?)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bryozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryozoa">Bryozoa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entoprocta" title="Entoprocta">Entoprocta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycliophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycliophora">Cycliophora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" title="Deuterostomia">Deuterostomia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ambulacraria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ambulacraria" title="Ambulacraria">Ambulacraria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Echinodermata" title="Echinodermata">Echinodermata</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemichordata" title="Hemichordata">Hemichordata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chordate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados">Vertebrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peixe-bruxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Peixe-bruxa">Myxini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tunicata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tunicata (página não existe)">Tunicata</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basal/disputado</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaetognatha" title="Chaetognatha">Chaetognatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acoelomorpha" title="Acoelomorpha">Acoelomorpha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acoela" title="Acoela">Acoela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemertodermatida" title="Nemertodermatida">Nemertodermatida</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenoturbellida" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenoturbellida">Xenoturbellida</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Classes_viventes_de_Cordados" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Cordados_Viventes" title="Predefinição:Cordados Viventes"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Cordados_Viventes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Cordados Viventes (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Cordados_Viventes&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Classes_viventes_de_Cordados" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Classes viventes de <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cordados</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*_Reino_Animalia_*_(clado)_Bilateria_*_Superfilo_Deuterostomia"> <ul><li>Reino <a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>(clado) <a href="/wiki/Bilateria" title="Bilateria">Bilateria</a></li> <li>Superfilo <a href="/wiki/Deuterostomia" title="Deuterostomia">Deuterostomia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cephalochordata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.60em;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Cephalochordata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cephalochordata" title="Cephalochordata">Leptocardii <small>(anfioxos)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:width:0.9em;;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urochordata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urochordata (página não existe)">Urochordata <br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(tunicados)</span></small></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ascidiacea" title="Ascidiacea">Ascidiacea <small>(ascídias)</small></a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larvacea" title="Larvacea">Larvacea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaliacea" title="Thaliacea">Thaliacea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:width:0.9em;;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Craniata" title="Craniata">Craniata</a><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados">Vertebrados</a></i> + <a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">Myxini</a>)</span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(<i><a href="/wiki/Peixe" title="Peixe">peixes</a></i> + Tetrápodes)</span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Cyclostomata" title="Cyclostomata">Cyclostomata</a>¹</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myxini" title="Myxini">Myxini <small>(peixes-bruxas)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampreia" title="Lampreia">Hyperoartia <small>(lampreias)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Gnatostomados" title="Gnatostomados">Gnathostomata<br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(vertebrados <br />com mandíbula)</span></small></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chondrichthyes" title="Chondrichthyes">Chondrichthyes <small>(peixes cartilaginosos)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Osteichthyes" title="Osteichthyes">Osteichthyes<br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(peixes ósseos)</span></small></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actinopterygii" title="Actinopterygii">Actinopterygii <small>(peixes com nadadeiras raiadas)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Sarcopterygii" title="Sarcopterygii">Sarcopterygii<br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(peixes com <br />nadadeiras carnosas)</span></small></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celacanto" title="Celacanto">Actinistia <small>(celacantos)</small></a>²</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipnoicos" title="Dipnoicos">Dipnoi <small>(peixes pulmonados)</small></a>²</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tetr%C3%A1podes" title="Tetrápodes">T<br />e<br />t<br />r<br />a<br />p<br />o<br />d<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anf%C3%ADbios" title="Anfíbios">Amphibia <small>(anfíbios)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Amniota" title="Amniota">A<br />m<br />n<br />i<br />o<br />t<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Synapsida" title="Synapsida">Synapsida</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%ADferos" title="Mamíferos">Mammalia <small>(mamíferos)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Sauropsida" title="Sauropsida">Sauropsida</a><br /><small><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r57040788"><span class="nobold">(inclui <a href="/wiki/Diapsida" title="Diapsida">Diapsida</a>)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lepidosauria" title="Lepidosauria">Lepidosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sphenodontida" title="Sphenodontida">Rhynchocephalia <small>(tuatara)</small></a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escamados" title="Escamados">Squamata <small>(répteis escamados)</small></a>³</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archelosauria" class="mw-redirect" title="Archelosauria">Archelosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Testudinata" title="Testudinata">Testudines <small>(tartarugas)</small></a>³<sup>,</sup>⁴</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Archosauria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archosauria" title="Archosauria">Archosauria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crocodylia" title="Crocodylia">Crocodilia <small>(crocodilianos)</small></a>³</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aves" title="Aves">Aves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>¹antiga superclasse <i><a href="/wiki/Agnatha" title="Agnatha">Agnatha</a></i></li> <li>²subclasses de <a href="/wiki/Sarcopterygii" title="Sarcopterygii">Sarcopterygii</a></li> <li>³antigas ordens da extinta classe <i><a href="/wiki/Reptilia" class="mw-redirect" title="Reptilia">Reptilia <small>(répteis)</small></a></i></li> <li>⁴tradicionalmente incluídos em <a href="/wiki/Anapsida" title="Anapsida">Anapsida</a></li> <li><i>itálico</i> são grupos <a href="/wiki/Parafil%C3%A9ticos" class="mw-redirect" title="Parafiléticos">parafiléticos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Filos/divisões_extantes_por_domínio" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Vida_na_Terra" title="Predefinição:Vida na Terra"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Vida_na_Terra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Vida na Terra (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Vida_na_Terra&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Filos/divisões_extantes_por_domínio" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Filos/divisões extantes por domínio</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Bacteria" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acidobacteriota" title="Acidobacteriota">Acidobacteriota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actinomycetota" title="Actinomycetota">Actinomycetota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquificota" title="Aquificota">Aquificota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armatimonadota" title="Armatimonadota">Armatimonadota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atribacterota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atribacterota (página não existe)">Atribacterota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacillota" title="Bacillota">Bacillota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacteroidota" title="Bacteroidota">Bacteroidota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balneolota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balneolota (página não existe)">Balneolota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bdellovibrionota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bdellovibrionota (página não existe)">Bdellovibrionota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldisericota" title="Caldisericota">Caldisericota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calditrichota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calditrichota (página não existe)">Calditrichota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campylobacterota" title="Campylobacterota">Campylobacterota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlamydiota" title="Chlamydiota">Chlamydiota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorobiota" title="Chlorobiota">Chlorobiota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroflexota" title="Chloroflexota">Chloroflexota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chrysiogenota" title="Chrysiogenota">Chrysiogenota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coprothermobacterota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coprothermobacterota (página não existe)">Coprothermobacterota</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cyanobacteria" title="Cyanobacteria">Cyanobacteria</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deferribacterota" title="Deferribacterota">Deferribacterota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deinococcota" title="Deinococcota">Deinococcota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dictyoglomota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dictyoglomota (página não existe)">Dictyoglomota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elusimicrobiota" title="Elusimicrobiota">Elusimicrobiota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibrobacterota" title="Fibrobacterota">Fibrobacterota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusobacteriota" title="Fusobacteriota">Fusobacteriota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemmatimonadota" title="Gemmatimonadota">Gemmatimonadota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignavibacteriota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignavibacteriota (página não existe)">Ignavibacteriota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiritimatiellota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiritimatiellota (página não existe)">Kiritimatiellota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentisphaerota" title="Lentisphaerota">Lentisphaerota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mycoplasmatota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mycoplasmatota (página não existe)">Mycoplasmatota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myxococcota" title="Myxococcota">Myxococcota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrospinota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrospinota (página não existe)">Nitrospinota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrospirota" title="Nitrospirota">Nitrospirota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planctomycetota" title="Planctomycetota">Planctomycetota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudomonadota" title="Pseudomonadota">Pseudomonadota</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodothermota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodothermota (página não existe)">Rhodothermota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirochaetota" title="Spirochaetota">Spirochaetota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synergistota" title="Synergistota">Synergistota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermodesulfobacteriota" title="Thermodesulfobacteriota">Thermodesulfobacteriota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermomicrobiota" title="Thermomicrobiota">Thermomicrobiota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermotogota" title="Thermotogota">Thermotogota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verrucomicrobiota" title="Verrucomicrobiota">Verrucomicrobiota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Archaea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Euryarchaeota" title="Euryarchaeota">Euryarchaeota</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Korarchaeota" title="Korarchaeota">Korarchaeota</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Nanoarchaeota" title="Nanoarchaeota">Nanoarchaeota</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitrososphaerota" title="Nitrososphaerota">Nitrososphaerota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermoproteota" title="Thermoproteota">Thermoproteota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARMAN" title="ARMAN">ARMAN</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7em"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protista" title="Protista">Protista</a> (ou <a href="/wiki/Protoctista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protoctista">Protoctista</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alveolata" class="mw-redirect" title="Alveolata">Alveolata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amoebozoa" title="Amoebozoa">Amoebozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancyromonadida" title="Ancyromonadida">Ancyromonadida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apusomonadida" title="Apusomonadida">Apusomonadida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breviatea" title="Breviatea">Breviatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRuMs" title="CRuMs">CRuMs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercozoa" title="Cercozoa">Cercozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciliophora" title="Ciliophora">Ciliophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptophyta" title="Cryptophyta">Cryptophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discoba" title="Discoba">Discoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euglenozoa" title="Euglenozoa">Euglenozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haptista" title="Haptista">Haptista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemimastigophora" title="Hemimastigophora">Hemimastigophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakobea" title="Jakobea">Jakobea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawimonada" title="Malawimonada">Malawimonada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamonada" title="Metamonada">Metamonada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provora" title="Provora">Provora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhizaria" title="Rhizaria">Rhizaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stramenopiles" title="Stramenopiles">Stramenopiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telonemia" title="Telonemia">Telonemia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fungi" title="Fungi">Fungi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascomycota" title="Ascomycota">Ascomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aphelidiomycota" title="Aphelidiomycota">Aphelidiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basidiobolomycota" title="Basidiobolomycota">Basidiobolomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basidiomycota" title="Basidiomycota">Basidiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blastocladiomycota" title="Blastocladiomycota">Blastocladiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcarisporiellomycota" title="Calcarisporiellomycota">Calcarisporiellomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chytridiomycota" title="Chytridiomycota">Chytridiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entomophthoromycota" title="Entomophthoromycota">Entomophthoromycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entorrhizomycota" title="Entorrhizomycota">Entorrhizomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glomeromycota" title="Glomeromycota">Glomeromycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickxellomycota" title="Kickxellomycota">Kickxellomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoblepharomycota" title="Monoblepharomycota">Monoblepharomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortierellomycota" title="Mortierellomycota">Mortierellomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucoromycota" title="Mucoromycota">Mucoromycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neocallimastigomycota" title="Neocallimastigomycota">Neocallimastigomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olpidiomycota" title="Olpidiomycota">Olpidiomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozellomycota" title="Rozellomycota">Rozellomycota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoopagomycota" title="Zoopagomycota">Zoopagomycota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plantas_com_flor" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantas com flor">Angiospermae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthocerotophyta" title="Anthocerotophyta">Anthocerotophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charophyta" title="Charophyta">Charophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorophyta" title="Chlorophyta">Chlorophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycadophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycadophyta">Cycadophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginkgophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Ginkgophyta">Ginkgophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucophyta" title="Glaucophyta">Glaucophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnetophyta" title="Gnetophyta">Gnetophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycopodiophyta" title="Lycopodiophyta">Lycopodiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchantiophyta" title="Marchantiophyta">Marchantiophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musgos" class="mw-redirect" title="Musgos">Bryophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinophyta" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinophyta">Pinophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pteridophyta" title="Pteridophyta">Pteridophyta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodophyta" title="Rhodophyta">Rhodophyta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Animalia" title="Animalia">Animalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acanthocephala" title="Acanthocephala">Acanthocephala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annelida" class="mw-redirect" title="Annelida">Annelida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthropoda" class="mw-redirect" title="Arthropoda">Arthropoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brachiopoda" title="Brachiopoda">Brachiopoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryozoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bryozoa">Bryozoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaetognatha" title="Chaetognatha">Chaetognatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chordate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chordate">Chordate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctenophora" title="Ctenophora">Ctenophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycliophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycliophora">Cycliophora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cnidaria" title="Cnidaria">Cnidaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicyemida" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicyemida">Dicyemida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entoprocta" title="Entoprocta">Entoprocta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echinodermata" title="Echinodermata">Echinodermata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastrotricha" title="Gastrotricha">Gastrotricha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnathostomulida" title="Gnathostomulida">Gnathostomulida</a></li> <li><a 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