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class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Liste der Fürstentümer</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Liste_der_Fürstentümer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Liste der Fürstentümer umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Liste_der_Fürstentümer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nach_der_Schlacht_bei_Manzikert" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nach_der_Schlacht_bei_Manzikert"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Nach der Schlacht bei Manzikert</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nach_der_Schlacht_bei_Manzikert-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nach_der_Schlacht_vom_Köse_Dağ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nach_der_Schlacht_vom_Köse_Dağ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Nach der Schlacht vom Köse Dağ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nach_der_Schlacht_vom_Köse_Dağ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siehe_auch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siehe_auch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Siehe auch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siehe_auch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Literatur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belege" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belege"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Belege</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belege-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhaltsverzeichnis" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Beylik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Zu einem Artikel in einer anderen Sprache gehen. Verfügbar in 35 Sprachen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 Sprachen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylik" title="Beylik – Schweizerdeutsch" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Beylik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Schweizerdeutsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%84" title="إمارات الأناضول – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إمارات الأناضول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anadolu_b%C9%99ylikl%C9%99ri" title="Anadolu bəylikləri – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anadolu bəylikləri" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D8%A8%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="آنادولو بی‌لیکلری – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آنادولو بی‌لیکلری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Бейлік – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бейлік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Малоазийски бейлици – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Малоазийски бейлици" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="আনাতোলীয় বেয়লিক – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আনাতোলীয় বেয়লিক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylik" title="Beylik – Bretonisch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Beylik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beilicats_d%27Anat%C3%B2lia" title="Beilicats d'Anatòlia – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Beilicats d'Anatòlia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolsk%C3%A9_bejliky" title="Anatolské bejliky – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anatolské bejliky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%95%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Τουρκομανικά Εμιράτα – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τουρκομανικά Εμιράτα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolian_beyliks" title="Anatolian beyliks – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Anatolian beyliks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylicatos_de_Anatolia" title="Beylicatos de Anatolia – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Beylicatos de Anatolia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="بیگ‌نشین‌های آناتولیایی – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیگ‌نشین‌های آناتولیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89poque_des_beylicats" title="Époque des beylicats – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Époque des beylicats" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94" title="הנסיכויות הבייליקיות באנטוליה – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנסיכויות הבייליקיות באנטוליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anat%C3%B3liai_bejek_list%C3%A1ja" title="Anatóliai bejek listája – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Anatóliai bejek listája" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadipaten_Anatolia" title="Kadipaten Anatolia – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kadipaten Anatolia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beilicati_turchi_d%27Anatolia" title="Beilicati turchi d'Anatolia – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Beilicati turchi d'Anatolia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AF" title="ベイリク – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベイリク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98" title="ბეილიქი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბეილიქი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96" title="Анадолы бейліктері – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Анадолы бейліктері" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylik" title="Beylik – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Beylik" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatolijos_beilikai" title="Anatolijos beilikai – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Anatolijos beilikai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Анадолски бејлици – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Анадолски бејлици" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylik_Anatolia" title="Beylik Anatolia – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Beylik Anatolia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_anatoliske_beyliker" title="De anatoliske beyliker – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="De anatoliske beyliker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beilhique" title="Beilhique – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Beilhique" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="lesenswerter Artikel"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Бейлик – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бейлик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beylik" title="Beylik – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Beylik" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imaaradaha_anaadool" title="Imaaradaha anaadool – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Imaaradaha anaadool" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bejll%C3%ABku" title="Bejllëku – Albanisch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bejllëku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anadolu_beylikleri" title="Anadolu beylikleri – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Anadolu beylikleri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Бейлик – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бейлик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E8%AF%B8%E8%B4%9D%E4%BC%8A%E5%9B%BD" title="安纳托利亚诸贝伊国 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="安纳托利亚诸贝伊国" data-language-autonym="中文" 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable noprint Vorlage_Belege_fehlen hatnote" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;"><div class="noviewer noresize" style="display: table-cell; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 0.2em; vertical-align: middle;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Belege" title="Belege"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Qsicon_Quelle.svg/24px-Qsicon_Quelle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Qsicon_Quelle.svg/36px-Qsicon_Quelle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Qsicon_Quelle.svg/48px-Qsicon_Quelle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="24" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div> Dieser Artikel oder nachfolgende Abschnitt ist nicht hinreichend mit <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Belege" title="Wikipedia:Belege">Belegen</a> (beispielsweise <a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Einzelnachweise" title="Hilfe:Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweisen</a>) ausgestattet. Angaben ohne ausreichenden Beleg könnten demnächst entfernt werden. Bitte hilf Wikipedia, indem du die Angaben recherchierst und <span style="white-space:nowrap">gute Belege einfügst.</span><br /> <span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></div> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Anatolia1300.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Anatolia1300.png/330px-Anatolia1300.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Anatolia1300.png/495px-Anatolia1300.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Anatolia1300.png 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="330" /></a><figcaption>Einige Beyliks in Anatolien um 1300</figcaption></figure> <p>Der Begriff <b>Beylik</b> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache">türkisch</a></span> <span lang="tr-Latn" style="font-style:italic">Beylik</span> (sing.), <span lang="tr"><i>Beylikler</i></span> (pl.); <span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Osmanische_Sprache" title="Osmanische Sprache">osmanisch</a></span> <bdo dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r238817674">.mw-parser-output .Arab a,.mw-parser-output a bdi.Arab{text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .Arab{font-size:120%}</style><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ota-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">بكلك</bdi></bdo> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r183723573">.mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}</style><span class="Latn" lang="ota-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Beğlik</span> (sing.), <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ota-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate">بكلكلر</bdi></bdo> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ota-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Beğlikler</span> (pl.)) bezeichnet die türkischen Fürstentümer, die sich ab dem 11. Jahrhundert in <a href="/wiki/Anatolien" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolien">Anatolien</a> an der Grenze zum <a href="/wiki/Byzantinisches_Reich" title="Byzantinisches Reich">Byzantinischen Reich</a> gebildet hatten. Die Beyliks wurden <a href="/wiki/Patrimonialismus" title="Patrimonialismus">patrimonial</a> verwaltet, was bedeutete, dass sämtlicher Grund und Boden im Besitz des <a href="/wiki/Bey_(Titel)" title="Bey (Titel)">Beys</a> war und die Herrschaft über die väterliche Linie weiter vererbt wurde. Daher trugen die Beyliks den Namen des Dynastiegründers. </p><p>Die Phase der Beyliks erstreckt sich von 1071 bis zum Anfang des 16. Jahrhunderts, als ganz <a href="/wiki/Kleinasien" title="Kleinasien">Kleinasien</a> Teil des <a href="/wiki/Osmanisches_Reich" title="Osmanisches Reich">Osmanischen Reiches</a> wurde. Nach dem Sieg der <a href="/wiki/Rum-Seldschuken" class="mw-redirect" title="Rum-Seldschuken">Rum-Seldschuken</a> über die Byzantiner in der <a href="/wiki/Schlacht_von_Manzikert" class="mw-redirect" title="Schlacht von Manzikert">Schlacht von Manzikert</a> und der damit einhergehenden Landnahme in Anatolien wurden sie v. a. als Pufferstaaten zu den benachbarten Byzantinern und <a href="/wiki/Kilikien" title="Kilikien">Kilikiern</a> eingerichtet. Nachdem das rum-seldschukische Herrscherhaus 1235 die Oberhand der mongolischen <a href="/wiki/Ilchane" title="Ilchane">Ilchane</a> anerkannt hatte und 1243 in der <a href="/wiki/Schlacht_vom_K%C3%B6se_Da%C4%9F" title="Schlacht vom Köse Dağ">Schlacht vom Köse Dağ</a> gegen die Ilchane unterlegen war, wanderten türkische Stämme zunehmend nach Zentral- und Westanatolien und gründeten eigene Fürstentümer.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In ihrem zunehmenden Widerstand gegen die mongolische Besetzung Anatoliens lag auch die Keimzelle des Osmanischen Reiches. Ab 1261 war Anatolien in zwei Machtgebiete unterteilt (siehe Abbildung): Im östlichen Teil herrschten die mongolischen Ilchane und die von ihnen abhängigen türkischen Rum-Seldschuken, im westlichen die autonomen türkischen Fürstentümer.<sup id="cite_ref-inalcik7_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inalcik7-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alle im 13. Jahrhundert gegründeten Fürstentümer mussten vom seldschukischen Sultan als Bey/Emir ernannt werden. Den Titel <i>Sultan</i> anzunehmen, würde eine Rebellion gegen das seldschukische Sultanat bedeuten.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Fürstentümer kann man einteilen in solche, die an der Westgrenze des seldschukischen Reichs entstanden sind (u. a. die Fürstentümer der <a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Frefo%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Eşrefoğulları">Eşrefoğulları</a>, der <a href="/wiki/Hamido%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Hamidoğulları">Hamidoğulları</a>, der <a href="/wiki/Sahip_Ata" title="Sahip Ata">Sâhipataoğulları</a>, der <a href="/wiki/Germiyan" title="Germiyan">Germiyano</a>ğulları, der <a href="/wiki/%C3%87obano%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Çobanoğulları">Çobanoğulları</a>, der <a href="/wiki/Karaman_(Beylik)" title="Karaman (Beylik)">Karamanoğulları</a>), und solche, die durch Eroberung von byzantinischem Territorium entstanden sind (z. B. <a href="/wiki/Mentesche" title="Mentesche">Menteşe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beylik_von_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Beylik von Aydın">Aydınoğulları</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saruchaniden" title="Saruchaniden">Saruchaniden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karesi" title="Karesi">Karesi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osman_(Dynastie)" title="Osman (Dynastie)">Osman</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-inalcik7_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inalcik7-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Eine weitere Gruppe entstand im Grenzgebiet zum Herrschaftsgebiet der <a href="/wiki/Mamluken" title="Mamluken">Mamluken</a> (z. B. <a href="/wiki/Ramazano%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Ramazanoğulları">Ramazanoğulları</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dulkadiro%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Dulkadiroğulları">Dulkadiroğulları</a>). </p><p>Zunächst stand die Gegend zwischen der Ankara-Aksaray-Linie bis nach <a href="/wiki/Erzurum" title="Erzurum">Erzurum</a> bis zum Jahr 1336 unter der Verwaltung des <a href="/wiki/Ilchane" title="Ilchane">Ilhani</a>-Generalgouverneurs. Nach der Schwächung der Dynastie durch interne Machtkämpfe erhielten die Beyliks in Anatolien ihre vollständige Unabhängigkeit. Dazu kamen noch neu gegründete Beyliks auf den ehemaligen Besitzungen der Ilhan-Generalgouverneurs. </p><p>Die Osmanen waren eines dieser Fürstentümer, die in der Gegend von <a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a> und <a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a> gegründet wurden. Das Fürstentum unter der Herrschaft der <a href="/wiki/Osman_(Dynastie)" title="Osman (Dynastie)">Osmanischen Dynastie</a> konnte durch strategische Vermählungen und erfolgreiche Feldzüge die anderen Fürstentümer erobern. So wurde im Westen von Kleinasien die politische Einheit hergestellt. </p><p>Während der Herrschaft der Beyliks machte die <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache">türkische Sprache</a> und Kultur in Anatolien eine schnelle Entwicklung durch. In dieser Zeit kam die türkische Sprache in Wissenschaft und Literatur zur Anwendung. Sie setzte sich als offizielle Sprache in den Fürstentümern durch. In den Beyliks entstanden neue Hochschulen und die <a href="/wiki/Medizin" title="Medizin">Medizin</a> verzeichnete Fortschritte. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%BCl%C5%9Fehri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gülşehri (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Gülşehri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nas%C4%ABm%C4%AB" title="Nasīmī">Nasīmī</a> († 1404), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmedi (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Ahmedi</a> (1325–1412) und <a href="/wiki/Ahmed-i_D%C4%81%CA%BB%C4%AB" title="Ahmed-i Dāʻī">Ahmed-i Dāʻī</a> sind bekannte türkischsprachigen Poeten dieser Zeit. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sufi-Orden" class="mw-redirect" title="Sufi-Orden">Sufi-Orden</a> hatten teilweise beträchtlichen Einfluss. Wichtige Sufi-Mystiker die zu dieser Zeit in Anatolien wirkten waren z. B. <a href="/wiki/Yunus_Emre" title="Yunus Emre">Yunus Emre</a> und <a href="/wiki/Hadschi_Bektasch" title="Hadschi Bektasch">Hadschi Bektasch</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liste_der_Fürstentümer"><span id="Liste_der_F.C3.BCrstent.C3.BCmer"></span>Liste der Fürstentümer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Liste der Fürstentümer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Liste der Fürstentümer"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nach_der_Schlacht_bei_Manzikert">Nach der Schlacht bei Manzikert</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Nach der Schlacht bei Manzikert" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nach der Schlacht bei Manzikert"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In der <a href="/wiki/Schlacht_bei_Manzikert" title="Schlacht bei Manzikert">Schlacht bei Manzikert</a> (nördlich des <a href="/wiki/Vansee" title="Vansee">Vansees</a> gelegen) unterlag der <a href="/wiki/Byzantinisches_Reich" title="Byzantinisches Reich">byzantinische</a> Kaiser <a href="/wiki/Romanos_IV." title="Romanos IV.">Romanos IV.</a> Diogenes am 26. August 1071 den türkischen <a href="/wiki/Seldschuken" title="Seldschuken">Seldschuken</a> unter <a href="/wiki/Alp_Arslan" title="Alp Arslan">Alp Arslan</a>. Diese Schlacht spielte eine entscheidende Rolle für den zeitweiligen Zusammenbruch der byzantinischen Widerstandsfähigkeit und leitete mit der Einwanderung zahlreicher <a href="/wiki/Oghusen" title="Oghusen">Oghusen</a>/Türkmenen die türkische Ansiedlung in <a href="/wiki/Anatolien" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolien">Anatolien</a> ein. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Hauptstadt </th> <th>Dauer </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87aka_Bey" title="Çaka Bey">İzmir Çaka Beyliği</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" class="mw-redirect" title="İzmir">İzmir</a> </td> <td>1081–1098 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dilma%C3%A7o%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1_Beyli%C4%9Fi" title="Dilmaçoğulları Beyliği">Dilmaçoğulları Beyliği</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bitlis" title="Bitlis">Bitlis</a> </td> <td>1085–1192 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Danischmenden" title="Danischmenden">Danischmenden</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1092–1178 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saltukiden" title="Saltukiden">Saltukiden</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erzurum" title="Erzurum">Erzurum</a> </td> <td>1092–1202 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahlatschahs" title="Ahlatschahs">Ahlatschahs</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahlat" title="Ahlat">Ahlat</a> </td> <td>1100–1207 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ortoqiden" title="Ortoqiden">Ortoqiden</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>1102–1408 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nalo%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1_Beyli%C4%9Fi" title="İnaloğulları Beyliği">İnaloğulları Beyliği</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Diyarbakir" class="mw-redirect" title="Diyarbakir">Diyarbakir</a> </td> <td>1098–1183 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meng%C3%BCcek" title="Mengücek">Mengücek</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Erzincan" title="Erzincan">Erzincan</a> </td> <td>1072–1277 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuko%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Çubukoğulları">Çubukoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87emi%C5%9Fgezek" title="Çemişgezek">Çemişgezek</a> </td> <td>1085–1092? </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nach_der_Schlacht_vom_Köse_Dağ"><span id="Nach_der_Schlacht_vom_K.C3.B6se_Da.C4.9F"></span>Nach der Schlacht vom Köse Dağ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Nach der Schlacht vom Köse Dağ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Nach der Schlacht vom Köse Dağ"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg/330px-Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg/495px-Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg/660px-Beylicats_d%E2%80%99Anatolie_vers_1330-de.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="779" /></a><figcaption>Die wichtigsten Beyliks in Anatolien um 1330</figcaption></figure> <p>Die <a href="/wiki/Schlacht_vom_K%C3%B6se_Da%C4%9F" title="Schlacht vom Köse Dağ">Schlacht vom Köse Dağ</a> fand zwischen dem 26. Juni und dem 3. Juli 1243 in Anatolien zwischen den <a href="/wiki/Mongolen" title="Mongolen">Mongolen</a> und dem seldschukischen Sultanat von Rum statt und endete mit einem klaren Sieg für die Mongolen unter ihrem Führer <a href="/wiki/Baiju" title="Baiju">Baiju</a>. Die unmittelbare Folge war der Niedergang des Sultanats von Rum und die Herrschaft der Mongolen über den größten Teil <a href="/wiki/Anatolien" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolien">Anatoliens</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Hauptstadt </th> <th>Dauer </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%87obano%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Çobanoğulları">Çobanoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kastamonu" title="Kastamonu">Kastamonu</a> </td> <td>1227–1309 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karaman_(Beylik)" title="Karaman (Beylik)">Karamanoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Karaman_(Stadt)" title="Karaman (Stadt)">Karaman</a> </td> <td>1256–1483 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0nan%C3%A7o%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="İnançoğulları">İnançoğulları</a> Beyliği (<i>Ladik Beyliği</i>) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denizli" title="Denizli">Denizli</a> </td> <td>1261–1368 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sahip_Ata" title="Sahip Ata">Sâhipataoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Afyonkarahisar" title="Afyonkarahisar">Afyonkarahisar</a> </td> <td>1275–1342 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pervane" title="Pervane">Pervâneoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinop" title="Sinop">Sinop</a> </td> <td>1277–1322 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mentesche" title="Mentesche">Mentesche</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Milas" title="Milas">Milas</a> </td> <td>1280–1424 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Osman_(Dynastie)" title="Osman (Dynastie)">Osmanoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bilecik" title="Bilecik">Bilecik</a>-<a href="/wiki/Yarhisar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yarhisar">Yarhisar</a>-<a href="/wiki/Yeni%C5%9Fehir_(Bursa)" title="Yenişehir (Bursa)">Yenişehir</a>-<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0neg%C3%B6l" title="İnegöl">İnegöl</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>ab 1288 (fließender Übergang ins <a href="/wiki/Osmanisches_Reich" title="Osmanisches Reich">Osmanische Reich</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Candar" title="Candar">Candaro</a>ğulları Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kastamonu" title="Kastamonu">Kastamonu</a> </td> <td>1299–1462 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Karesi" title="Karesi">Karesio</a>ğulları Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir" title="Balıkesir">Balıkesir</a> </td> <td>1297–1360 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Germiyan" title="Germiyan">Germiyano</a>ğulları Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtahya" title="Kütahya">Kütahya</a> </td> <td>1300–1423 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hamido%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Hamidoğulları">Hamidoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Firdir" title="Eğirdir">Eğirdir</a> </td> <td>1301–1423 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saruchaniden" title="Saruchaniden">Saruhanoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Manisa" title="Manisa">Manisa</a> </td> <td>1302–1410 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taceddino%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taceddinoğulları (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Taceddinoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Niksar" title="Niksar">Niksar</a> </td> <td>1303–1415 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Beylik_von_Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Beylik von Aydın">Aydınoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Birgi" class="mw-disambig" title="Birgi">Birgi</a> </td> <td>1308–1426 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tekeo%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Tekeoğulları">Tekeoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antalya" title="Antalya">Antalya</a> </td> <td>1321–1390 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Eretna" title="Eretna">Eretna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas">Sivas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a> </td> <td>1335–1381 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dulkadir" title="Dulkadir">Dulkadiroğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elbistan" title="Elbistan">Elbistan</a> </td> <td>1339–1521 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ramazano%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Ramazanoğulları">Ramazanoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adana" title="Adana">Adana</a> </td> <td>1325–1608 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kadi_Burhan_al-Din" title="Kadi Burhan al-Din">Kadi Burhan al-Din</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a> </td> <td>1381–1398 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Frefo%C4%9Fullar%C4%B1" title="Eşrefoğulları">Eşrefoğulları</a> Beyliği </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bey%C5%9Fehir" title="Beyşehir">Beyşehir</a> </td> <td>Mitte 13. Jh. – 1326 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Siehe auch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Siehe auch"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emirat" title="Emirat">Emirat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrstentum" title="Fürstentum">Fürstentum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atabeg" title="Atabeg">Atabeg</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Claude Cahen: <i>Pre-Ottoman Turkey. A general survey of the material and spirituel culture and history c. 1071–1330.</i> Translated from the French by J. Jones-Williams. Taplinger Publ. Co., New York NY 1968.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Belege">Belege</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Belege" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Beylik&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Belege"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Halil_%C4%B0nalc%C4%B1k" title="Halil İnalcık">Halil İnalcık</a>: <i>Devlet-i ʿAliyye. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu üzerine araştırmalar.</i> Band 1: <i>Klasik dönem (1302–1606).</i> 30. baskı. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9789944886451" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-9944-88-645-1</a>, S. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inalcik7-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-inalcik7_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-inalcik7_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Halil İnalcık: <i>Devlet-i ʿAliyye. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu üzerine araştırmalar.</i> Band 1: <i>Klasik dönem (1302–1606).</i> 30. baskı. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9789944886451" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-9944-88-645-1</a>, S. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Halil İnalcık: <i>Devlet-i ʿAliyye. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu üzerine araştırmalar.</i> Band 1: <i>Klasik dönem (1302–1606).</i> 30. baskı. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9789944886451" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-9944-88-645-1</a>, S. 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">die Hauptstadt ist unbekannt, Originaldokumente von 1324 beweisen aber, dass bereits Osman einen Palast gehabt haben muss. Halil İnalcık: <i>Devlet-i ʿAliyye. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu üzerine araştırmalar.</i> Band 1: <i>Klasik dönem (1302–1606).</i> 30. baskı. Türkiye İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, İstanbul 2009, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9789944886451" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-9944-88-645-1</a>, S. 13, 339</span> </li> </ol></div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Abgerufen von „<a dir="ltr" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beylik&oldid=239027581">https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Beylik&oldid=239027581</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorien" title="Wikipedia:Kategorien">Kategorien</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Beylik" title="Kategorie:Beylik">Beylik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Historischer_Staat_(Vorderasien)" title="Kategorie:Historischer Staat (Vorderasien)">Historischer Staat (Vorderasien)</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Versteckte Kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Wikipedia:Belege_fehlen" title="Kategorie:Wikipedia:Belege fehlen">Wikipedia:Belege fehlen</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 12. 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