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Az蓹rbaycanda teatr s蓹n蓹tinin yaranmas谋 v蓹 inki艧af谋 - Azerbaijan.az
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22.062 22.062; margin: 0 7px -4px 7px;" xml:space="preserve"><g> <path d="M17.294,9.443L8.459,0.608c-0.812-0.811-2.138-0.811-2.945,0L4.775,1.345c-0.81,0.81-0.81,2.136,0,2.944l6.742,6.743 l-6.742,6.741c-0.81,0.811-0.81,2.137,0,2.943l0.737,0.737c0.81,0.811,2.136,0.811,2.945,0l8.835-8.836 c0.435-0.435,0.628-1.018,0.597-1.589C17.922,10.46,17.729,9.877,17.294,9.443z" fill="#931933"/> </g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g> </svg> <h2 class="info-second-title"> <a href="/information/503">Teatr</a> </h2> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" id="Capa_1" x="0px" y="0px" width="12px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 22.062 22.062" style="enable-background:new 0 0 22.062 22.062; margin: 0 7px -1px 7px;" xml:space="preserve"><g> <path d="M17.294,9.443L8.459,0.608c-0.812-0.811-2.138-0.811-2.945,0L4.775,1.345c-0.81,0.81-0.81,2.136,0,2.944l6.742,6.743 l-6.742,6.741c-0.81,0.811-0.81,2.137,0,2.943l0.737,0.737c0.81,0.811,2.136,0.811,2.945,0l8.835-8.836 c0.435-0.435,0.628-1.018,0.597-1.589C17.922,10.46,17.729,9.877,17.294,9.443z" fill="#931933"/> </g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g> </svg> <h3 class='info-third-title'> Az蓹rbaycanda teatr s蓹n蓹tinin yaranmas谋 v蓹 inki艧af谋 </h3> <ul class="list"> <li class=''><a href="/information/510">脺mumi m蓹lumat</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/501">茝d蓹biyyat</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/511">Kitab evl蓹ri</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/502">Musiqi</a></li> <li class='active'><a href="/information/503">Teatr</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/504">Kino</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/505">Cizgi filml蓹ri</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/506">T蓹sviri inc蓹s蓹n蓹t</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/507">Memarl谋q</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/508">Xalq s蓹n蓹tkarl谋臒谋</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/512">Muzeyl蓹r</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/information/509">Kulinariya</a></li> </ul> <ul class="list sublist"> <li class='active'><a href="/related-information/257">Az蓹rbaycanda teatr s蓹n蓹tinin yaranmas谋 v蓹 inki艧af谋</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/related-information/177">Sovet d枚vr眉nd蓹 teatr s蓹n蓹tinin inki艧af谋</a></li> <li class=''><a href="/related-information/178">M眉st蓹qil Az蓹rbaycan Respublikas谋nda teatr s蓹n蓹tinin inki艧af谋</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="section article"> <article> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><strong>AZ茝RBAYCANDA TEATR S茝N茝T陌N陌N YARANMASI V茝 陌NK陌艦AFI</strong></span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Az蓹rbaycanda teatr s蓹n蓹tinin kökl蓹ri xalq谋n f蓹aliyy蓹ti, m蓹i艧蓹ti, 艧蓹nlik v蓹 toy 蓹n蓹n蓹l蓹ri, h蓹mçinin dünyagörü艧ü il蓹 ba臒l谋d谋r. Q蓹dim tarix蓹 malik "Sayaç谋", "Novruz", "G蓹vs蓹ç" kimi m蓹rasiml蓹rd蓹 xor, r蓹qs v蓹 dialoqla yana艧谋, dramatik süjet蓹, h蓹r蓹k蓹t蓹, b蓹z蓹n is蓹<img alt="" src="https://azerbaijan.az/uploads/news-files/melumatlar/medeniyyet/teatr/Zorxana_-_h.drowell.jpg" style="float:right; height:309px; margin:10px; width:500px" /> b蓹dii sur蓹t蓹 d蓹 rast g蓹linir. "Novruz" m蓹rasiminin mühüm epizodunu t蓹艧kil ed蓹n "Kosa-kosa" oyunu 蓹sl teatr örn蓹yidir. Burada ard谋c谋l süjet, dramatik h蓹r蓹k蓹t, h蓹mçinin xüsusi paltar geyin蓹n maska taxan aktyor vard谋r. Bir neç蓹 gün davam ed蓹n toy m蓹rasiml蓹rind蓹 ifa olunan "Xan-xan", "Mütribl蓹rin r蓹qsi", "G蓹linl蓹 qay谋nanan谋n deyi艧m蓹si" v蓹 s. epizodlar, burada oyun v蓹 tama艧a ünsürl蓹rinin müst蓹qil 蓹h蓹miyy蓹t k蓹sb etdiyini göst蓹rir. Ozan-a艧谋q m蓹clisl蓹rind蓹, "Zorxana" s蓹hn蓹l蓹rind蓹, k蓹ndirbazlar谋n ç谋x谋艧lar谋nda, habel蓹 q蓹dimd蓹 el aras谋nda geni艧 yay谋lan "Yu臒" m蓹rasimind蓹 d蓹 meydan teatr谋 ünsürl蓹ri güclü olmu艧dur.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Az蓹rbaycan professional teatr谋n谋n t蓹艧蓹kkülünd蓹 xalq teatr谋 蓹h蓹miyy蓹tli rol oynam谋艧d谋r.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋n谋n tarixi M.F.Axundovun 1873-cü ilin mart v蓹 aprel aylar谋nda Bak谋da s蓹hn蓹y蓹 qoyulan "L蓹nk蓹ran xan谋n v蓹ziri" v蓹 "Hac谋 Qara" tama艧alar谋ndan ba艧lan谋r. H.Z蓹rdabinin t蓹艧蓹bbüsü, N.V蓹zirov v蓹 茝.Ad谋göz蓹lovun (Gorani) yax谋ndan i艧tirak谋 il蓹 realni m蓹kt蓹bin 艧agirdl蓹ri t蓹r蓹find蓹n göst蓹ril蓹n bu ilk h蓹v蓹skar tama艧alar milli teatr谋n yaranmas谋 üçün qüdr蓹tli t蓹kan idi.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Qabaqc谋l Az蓹rbaycan ziyal谋lar谋, sonralar Qori seminariyas谋n谋 bitir蓹n mü蓹lliml蓹r 艦u艧a, Naxç谋van v蓹 ba艧qa 艧蓹h蓹rl蓹rd蓹 teatr tama艧alar谋 düz蓹ldir, eyni zamanda, bu tama艧alarda "aktyor" kimi ç谋x谋艧 edirdil蓹r. 艦u艧ada qabaqc谋l mü蓹llim v蓹 ziyal谋 qüvv蓹l蓹ri Y.M蓹lik-Haqn蓹z蓹rovun r蓹hb蓹rliyi il蓹 yay t蓹till蓹ri zaman谋 klubda v蓹 Xand蓹mirovun teatr谋nda münt蓹z蓹m sur蓹td蓹 tama艧alar t蓹艧kil edir, M.F.Axundovun komediyalar谋n谋 ("X谋rs-quldurbasan", "Müsyö Jordan v蓹 d蓹rvi艧 M蓹st蓹li 艧ah") oynay谋rd谋lar.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">M.F.Axundovun 蓹s蓹rl蓹rind蓹n ibar蓹t tama艧alar verildiyi b蓹llidir. 1876-c谋 ild蓹n M.F.Axundovun komediyalar谋 Tiflisd蓹 d蓹 oynan谋lm谋艧d谋r (Az蓹rbaycan dilind蓹). Qabaqc谋l ziyal谋lardan bir s谋ra komediya v蓹 vodevill蓹rin mü蓹llifi N.V蓹zirov, B.B蓹d蓹lb蓹yov, 茝.V蓹lib蓹yov, F.Köç蓹rli, H.Sar谋calinski, Muxtar Muradov, 陌.艦蓹fib蓹yov, m蓹艧hur xan蓹nd蓹 Cabbar Qarya臒d谋o臒lu (艦u艧a), M.Sidqi, C.M蓹mm蓹dquluzad蓹nin qarda艧谋 Mirz蓹 茝l蓹kb蓹r, dramaturq E.Sultanov (Naxç谋van), R.茝f蓹ndiyev (Nuxa) v蓹 ba艧qalar谋n谋n f蓹aliyy蓹ti öz蓹llikl蓹 qeyd olunmal谋d谋r. 70-80-c谋 ill蓹rd蓹 Az蓹rbaycan谋n müxt蓹lif 艧蓹h蓹rl蓹rind蓹 f蓹aliyy蓹t göst蓹r蓹n teatr h蓹v蓹skarlar谋 t蓹dric蓹n Bak谋dak谋 teatr xadiml蓹ri 蓹traf谋nda formala艧ma臒a ba艧lay谋rlar. Ona gör蓹 d蓹 Bak谋n谋n teatr h蓹yat谋 80-ci ill蓹rin ax谋rlar谋na do臒ru yenid蓹n canlan谋r v蓹 burada 蓹sl m蓹nada mü蓹yy蓹n bir teatr kollektivinin yaranmas谋na s蓹b蓹b olur. 1887-ci ild蓹n etibar蓹n Bak谋dak谋 teatr d蓹st蓹sin蓹 H.Mahmudb蓹yov, S.M.Q蓹nizad蓹 v蓹 N.V蓹liyev ba艧ç谋l谋q edirl蓹r. Onlar h蓹min d蓹st蓹ni xeyli qüvv蓹tl蓹ndir蓹r蓹k, truppa hal谋na sald谋lar v蓹 bu truppa 1888-ci ild蓹n art谋q müst蓹qil teatr kollektivi kimi f蓹aliyy蓹t蓹 ba艧lad谋.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">1896-c谋 ild蓹 H.Z蓹rdabi Bak谋da "Birinci müs蓹lman dram truppas谋" adl谋 ilk professional teatr kollektivini t蓹艧kil etdi. 1897-ci ild蓹 Bak谋da ilk d蓹f蓹 "Artistl蓹r ittifaq谋" yarad谋ld谋. 陌nqilaba q蓹d蓹rki Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋n谋n repertuar谋 milli dramaturqlar谋n — M.F.Axundov, N.V蓹zirov, H.V蓹zirov, N.N蓹rimanov, 茝.Haqverdiyev, C.M蓹mm蓹dquluzad蓹 v蓹 ba艧qalar谋n谋n pyesl蓹rind蓹n t蓹rtib olunur, h蓹mçinin rus (N.V.Qoqol, 陌.S.Turqenev, L.N.Tolstoy) v蓹 Q蓹rbi Avropa (V.艦ekspir, F.艦iller, H.Heyne, J.B.Molyer) klassikl蓹rinin 蓹s蓹rl蓹ri il蓹 z蓹nginl蓹艧dirilirdi. Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋 ilk ill蓹rd蓹n maarifçilik v蓹 demokratik ideyalara sadiq idi. M.F.Axundovun komediyalar谋 il蓹 yana艧谋, N.V蓹zirovun "Müsib蓹ti F蓹xr蓹din", "Ya臒谋艧dan ç谋xd谋q, ya臒mura dü艧dük", 茝.Haqverdiyevin "Da臒谋lan tifaq", "B蓹xtsiz cavan", "A臒a M蓹h蓹mm蓹d 艧ah Qacar", N.N蓹rimanovun "Nadanl谋q", "Nadir 艧ah" pyesl蓹rind蓹 feodal ad蓹tl蓹r, mülk蓹dar-kapitalist qurulu艧unun zülm v蓹 despotizmi c蓹hal蓹tp蓹r蓹stlik if艧a olunurdu.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><img alt="" src="https://azerbaijan.az/uploads/news-files/melumatlar/medeniyyet/teatr/leyli-mecnun-afisha.jpg" style="float:left; height:320px; margin:10px; width:400px" />1906-c谋 ild蓹 Bak谋da "Müs蓹lman dram artistl蓹ri" 艧irk蓹ti yarad谋ld谋. "艦irk蓹t"蓹 m蓹艧hur teatr xadimi C.Zeynalov r蓹hb蓹rlik edirdi. T蓹qibl蓹r蓹, maddi ç蓹tinlikl蓹r蓹 baxmayaraq, "艦irk蓹t" aras谋 k蓹silm蓹d蓹n tama艧alar verir, repertuar谋n谋 geni艧l蓹ndirirdi.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">1910-cu ild蓹 "S蓹fa" adl谋 yeni m蓹d蓹ni maarif c蓹miyy蓹ti v蓹 onun yan谋nda teatr 艧öb蓹si yarad谋ld谋. "S蓹fa" c蓹miyy蓹tinin dram truppas谋 "Nicat"a nisb蓹t蓹n xeyli z蓹if idi. Ancaq "Nicat"谋n aktyorlar谋 t蓹dric蓹n "S蓹fa"ya keçirdil蓹r. C蓹miyy蓹tin i艧ind蓹 D.Bünyadzad蓹, 艧air S蓹m蓹d M蓹nsur, aktyorlardan C.Zeynalov, A.M.艦蓹rifzad蓹 f蓹al i艧tirak edir, teatr tama艧alar谋na "Nicat"dan H.茝r蓹blinski, M.A.茝liyev, S.Ruhulla, H.Sarabski v蓹 b. vaxta艧谋r谋 d蓹v蓹t olunurdular. "S蓹fa" truppas谋n谋n i艧ind蓹 n蓹z蓹ri c蓹lb ed蓹n c蓹h蓹tl蓹rd蓹n biri d蓹 onun ist蓹r Az蓹rbaycan谋n 艧蓹h蓹r v蓹 k蓹ndl蓹rind蓹, ist蓹rs蓹 d蓹 daha geni艧 dair蓹d蓹 (Güney Qafqaz, Orta Asiya, Quzey Qafqaz, 陌ran 艧蓹h蓹rl蓹rind蓹, H蓹艧t蓹rxanda, Kazanda v蓹 s.) qastrol tama艧alar谋 t蓹艧kil etm蓹si idi. Ümumiyy蓹tl蓹 ist蓹r "Nicat", ist蓹rs蓹 d蓹 "S蓹fa" c蓹miyy蓹tl蓹ri Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋n谋n t蓹艧kilat v蓹 yarad谋c谋l谋q bax谋m谋ndan möhk蓹ml蓹ndirilm蓹sind蓹 mü蓹yy蓹n rol oynad谋lar. 1908-ci il yanvar谋n 12-d蓹 (yeni üsulla 25-d蓹) Bak谋da ilk milli opera — Ü.Hac谋b蓹yovun "Leyli v蓹 M蓹cnun" 蓹s蓹rinin tama艧as谋 il蓹 Az蓹rbaycan professional musiqili teatr谋n谋n 蓹sas谋 qoyuldu. Musiqili teatr谋n yarand谋臒谋 ilk ill蓹rd蓹 onun repertuar谋n谋 Ü.Hac谋b蓹yovun 1908-1913-cü ill蓹rd蓹 yaratd谋臒谋 "Leyli v蓹 M蓹cnun", "艦eyx S蓹nan", "Rüst蓹m v蓹 Zöhrab", "艦ah Abbas v蓹 Xur艧id Banu", "茝sli v蓹 K蓹r蓹m" operalar谋, "茝r v蓹 arvad", "O olmas谋n, bu olsun", "Ar艧谋n mal alan" musiqili komediyalar谋 t蓹艧kil edirdi. Sonrak谋 ill蓹rd蓹 Az蓹rbaycan musiqili teatr谋n谋n repertuar谋 Z.Hac谋b蓹yov ("A艧谋q Q蓹rib" operas谋, "茝lli ya艧谋nda cavan", "Evli ik蓹n subay" musiqi komediyalar谋), M.Maqomayev ("艦ah 陌smay谋l"), M.M.Kaz谋movski ("Vurhavur" musiqili komediyas谋), M.C.茝mirov ("Seyf蓹lmülk" operas谋) v蓹 ba艧qalar谋n谋n 蓹s蓹rl蓹ri il蓹 z蓹nginl蓹艧di.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">1916-c谋 ild蓹 C.M蓹mm蓹dquluzad蓹nin "Ölül蓹r" komediyas谋n谋n tama艧aya qoyulmas谋 Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋n谋n ideyaca yetkinl蓹艧diyini göst蓹r蓹n bir olay idi. Bu tama艧a mövhumat v蓹 c蓹hal蓹t, yalan v蓹 zülm dünyas谋na qar艧谋 bir ittihamnam蓹 kimi s蓹sl蓹n蓹r蓹k böyük u臒ur qazand谋.1917-ci ild蓹 Bak谋da "Müs蓹lm蓹n artistl蓹ri ittifaq谋" yarad谋ld谋. A.M.艦蓹rifzad蓹 ittifaqa s蓹dr seçildi. 陌ttifaq bütün teatr d蓹st蓹l蓹rini öz 蓹traf谋na toplayaraq, yolda艧l谋q münasib蓹tl蓹ri 蓹sas谋nda tama艧alar verirdi. Ancaq bu ittifaq 1918-ci ilin mart ay谋nad蓹k f蓹aliyy蓹t göst蓹r蓹 bildi. May谋lov teatr谋n谋n anterprenyorlar谋 binada Az蓹rbaycan aktyorlar谋n谋n ç谋x谋艧 etm蓹sin蓹 imkan vermirdil蓹r. Aktyorlar谋n çoxu qastrol s蓹f蓹rl蓹rind蓹 idi. Yaln谋z Ü. v蓹 Z.Hac谋b蓹yov qarda艧lar谋n谋n truppas谋 nisb蓹t蓹n münt蓹z蓹m f蓹aliyy蓹t göst蓹rirdi.</span></span></p> <p style="text-align:justify"><span style="font-size:14px"><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Truppa öz t蓹rkibind蓹 dram, opera v蓹 operetta artistl蓹rini birl蓹艧dirirdi. Qabaqc谋l, demokratik ideyalarla s谋x ba臒l谋 olan Az蓹rbaycan teatr谋 xalq谋n m蓹d蓹ni inki艧af谋nda mühüm rol oynam谋艧d谋. Ancaq, eyni zamanda bu ill蓹rd蓹 teatr h蓹l蓹 yüks蓹k s蓹hn蓹 m蓹d蓹niyy蓹ti s蓹viyy蓹sin蓹 qalxmam谋艧d谋.</span></span></p> </article> </section> <footer> <div class="menubar footer-container" id="footer-load"></div> </footer> </div> <script src="/assets/110dab23/jquery.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/tiny-slider/2.8.5/min/tiny-slider.js"></script> <script src="/media/javascripts/script.js?v=280823"></script> </body> </html>