CINXE.COM

About us: Informing the news with The Journalist's Resource

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRBVPKQ');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-0f091c2a020ced4bcf7",applicationID:"803915885"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.7 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>About us: Informing the news with The Journalist&#039;s Resource</title> <meta name="description" content="Peer-reviewed research can be a valuable journalism tool. Our hope is that journalists will routinely ask this question: What does the research say?" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="About us: Informing the news with The Journalist&#039;s Resource" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Peer-reviewed research can be a valuable journalism tool. Our hope is that journalists will routinely ask this question: What does the research say?" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Journalist&#039;s Resource" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-22T21:31:46+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="9 minutes" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="The Journalist&#039;s Resource" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/","url":"https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/","name":"About us: Informing the news with The Journalist's Resource","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2011-01-21T21:41:33+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-22T21:31:46+00:00","description":"Peer-reviewed research can be a valuable journalism tool. Our hope is that journalists will routinely ask this question: What does the research say?","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://journalistsresource.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"About The Journalist&#8217;s Resource"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#website","url":"https://journalistsresource.org/","name":"The Journalist&#039;s Resource","description":"Informing the news","publisher":{"@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://journalistsresource.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#organization","name":"The Journalist's Resource","url":"https://journalistsresource.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/logo.svg","contentUrl":"https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/logo.svg","width":450,"height":62,"caption":"The Journalist's Resource"},"image":{"@id":"https://journalistsresource.org/#/schema/logo/image/"}}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//journalistsresource.org' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Journalist&#039;s Resource &raquo; Feed" href="https://journalistsresource.org/feed/" /> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v9.2.1 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-Z7CT2GDNKV" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false"> var mi_version = '9.2.1'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/about-journalists-resource\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-Z7CT2GDNKV', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-Z7CT2GDNKV', {"forceSSL":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights --> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='cf-frontend-style-inline-css'> @font-face { font-family: 'GT Sectra Fine Bold'; font-weight: 400; font-display: auto; src: url('https://live-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GT-Sectra-Fine-Bold.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://live-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GT-Sectra-Fine-Bold.woff') format('woff'), url('https://live-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GT-Sectra-Fine-Bold.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://live-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/GT-Sectra-Fine-Bold.otf') format('OpenType'); } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-theme-css-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/style.min.css?ver=4.1.6' media='all' /> <style id='astra-theme-css-inline-css'> .ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: calc( -50vw + 50%);margin-right: calc( -50vw + 50%);max-width: 100vw;width: 100vw;}.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide {margin-left: calc(-41vw + 50%);margin-right: calc(-41vw + 50%);max-width: unset;width: unset;}.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide{width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.wp-block-gallery,.blocks-gallery-grid {margin: 0;}.wp-block-separator {max-width: 100px;}.wp-block-separator.is-style-wide,.wp-block-separator.is-style-dots {max-width: none;}.entry-content .has-2-columns .wp-block-column:first-child {padding-right: 10px;}.entry-content .has-2-columns .wp-block-column:last-child {padding-left: 10px;}@media (max-width: 782px) {.entry-content .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column {flex-basis: 100%;}.entry-content .has-2-columns .wp-block-column:first-child {padding-right: 0;}.entry-content .has-2-columns .wp-block-column:last-child {padding-left: 0;}}body .entry-content .wp-block-latest-posts {margin-left: 0;}body .entry-content .wp-block-latest-posts li {list-style: none;}.ast-no-sidebar .ast-container .entry-content .wp-block-latest-posts {margin-left: 0;}.ast-header-break-point .entry-content .alignwide {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content .blocks-gallery-item img {margin-bottom: auto;}.wp-block-pullquote {border-top: 4px solid #555d66;border-bottom: 4px solid #555d66;color: #40464d;}:root{--ast-container-default-xlg-padding:6.67em;--ast-container-default-lg-padding:5.67em;--ast-container-default-slg-padding:4.34em;--ast-container-default-md-padding:3.34em;--ast-container-default-sm-padding:6.67em;--ast-container-default-xs-padding:2.4em;--ast-container-default-xxs-padding:1.4em;--ast-code-block-background:#EEEEEE;--ast-comment-inputs-background:#FAFAFA;}html{font-size:112.5%;}a,.page-title{color:#3c6daa;}a:hover,a:focus{color:#2e5584;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-family:Georgia,Times,serif;font-weight:400;font-size:18px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.5em;}blockquote{color:#000000;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6,.site-title,.site-title a{font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:400;}.site-title{font-size:35px;font-size:1.9444444444444rem;display:none;}header .custom-logo-link img{max-width:450px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:450px;}.site-header .site-description{font-size:15px;font-size:0.83333333333333rem;display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:24px;font-size:1.3333333333333rem;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:36px;font-size:2rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:32px;font-size:1.7777777777778rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:28px;font-size:1.5555555555556rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:24px;font-size:1.3333333333333rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:20px;font-size:1.1111111111111rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:18px;font-size:1rem;font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}::selection{background-color:#a91f24;color:#ffffff;}body,h1,.entry-title a,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:#15090b;}.tagcloud a:hover,.tagcloud a:focus,.tagcloud a.current-item{color:#ffffff;border-color:#3c6daa;background-color:#3c6daa;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,textarea:focus{border-color:#3c6daa;}input[type="radio"]:checked,input[type=reset],input[type="checkbox"]:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:hover:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:focus:checked,input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{border-color:#3c6daa;background-color:#3c6daa;box-shadow:none;}.site-footer a:hover + .post-count,.site-footer a:focus + .post-count{background:#3c6daa;border-color:#3c6daa;}.single .nav-links .nav-previous,.single .nav-links .nav-next{color:#3c6daa;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{line-height:1.45;color:#3c6daa;}.entry-meta a:hover,.entry-meta a:hover *,.entry-meta a:focus,.entry-meta a:focus *,.page-links > .page-link,.page-links .page-link:hover,.post-navigation a:hover{color:#2e5584;}#cat option,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a:visited{color:#3c6daa;}.secondary .calendar_wrap #today,.ast-progress-val span{background:#3c6daa;}.secondary a:hover + .post-count,.secondary a:focus + .post-count{background:#3c6daa;border-color:#3c6daa;}.calendar_wrap #today > a{color:#ffffff;}.page-links .page-link,.single .post-navigation a{color:#3c6daa;}.widget-title{font-size:25px;font-size:1.3888888888889rem;color:#15090b;}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:#2e5584;}#secondary,#secondary button,#secondary input,#secondary select,#secondary textarea{font-size:18px;font-size:1rem;}a:focus-visible,.ast-menu-toggle:focus-visible,.site .skip-link:focus-visible,.wp-block-loginout input:focus-visible,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper,.ast-header-navigation-arrow:focus-visible{outline-style:dotted;outline-color:inherit;outline-width:thin;border-color:transparent;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,textarea:focus,.wp-block-search__input:focus,[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal:focus,.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close:focus,.woocommerce-ordering select.orderby:focus,#ast-scroll-top:focus,.woocommerce a.add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .button.single_add_to_cart_button:focus{border-style:dotted;border-color:inherit;border-width:thin;outline-color:transparent;}.main-header-menu .menu-link,.ast-header-custom-item a{color:#15090b;}.main-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.main-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.main-header-menu .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items a:hover,.main-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .menu-link,.main-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.main-header-menu .current-menu-item > .menu-link,.main-header-menu .current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.main-header-menu .current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.main-header-menu .current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#3c6daa;}.header-main-layout-3 .ast-main-header-bar-alignment{margin-right:auto;}.header-main-layout-2 .site-header-section-left .ast-site-identity{text-align:left;}.site-logo-img img{ transition:all 0.2s linear;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-menu-buttons-minimal.menu-toggle{background:transparent;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-menu-buttons-outline.menu-toggle{background:transparent;border:1px solid #a91f24;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-menu-buttons-fill.menu-toggle{background:#a91f24;color:#ffffff;}#secondary {margin: 4em 0 2.5em;word-break: break-word;line-height: 2;}#secondary li {margin-bottom: 0.25em;}#secondary li:last-child {margin-bottom: 0;}@media (max-width: 768px) {.js_active .ast-plain-container.ast-single-post #secondary {margin-top: 1.5em;}}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget {background-color: #fff;padding: 2em;margin-bottom: 2em;}@media (min-width: 993px) {.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 60px;}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 60px;}}@media (max-width: 993px) {.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 30px;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 30px;}}.ast-small-footer{color:#15090B;}.ast-small-footer > .ast-footer-overlay{background-color:#f2f1f1;;}.footer-adv .footer-adv-overlay{border-top-style:solid;border-top-color:#7a7a7a;}.wp-block-buttons.aligncenter{justify-content:center;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-theme-transparent-header #primary,.ast-theme-transparent-header #secondary{padding:0;}}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width:1200px){.wp-block-group .has-background{padding:20px;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.ast-plain-container.ast-right-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-left-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-right-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-left-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignfull{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (min-width:1200px){.wp-block-cover-image.alignwide .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.wp-block-cover.alignwide .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.wp-block-cover-image.alignfull .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.wp-block-cover.alignfull .wp-block-cover__inner-container{width:100%;}}.wp-block-columns{margin-bottom:unset;}.wp-block-image.size-full{margin:2rem 0;}.wp-block-separator.has-background{padding:0;}.wp-block-gallery{margin-bottom:1.6em;}.wp-block-group{padding-top:4em;padding-bottom:4em;}.wp-block-group__inner-container .wp-block-columns:last-child,.wp-block-group__inner-container :last-child,.wp-block-table table{margin-bottom:0;}.blocks-gallery-grid{width:100%;}.wp-block-navigation-link__content{padding:5px 0;}.wp-block-group .wp-block-group .has-text-align-center,.wp-block-group .wp-block-column .has-text-align-center{max-width:100%;}.has-text-align-center{margin:0 auto;}@media (min-width:1200px){.wp-block-cover__inner-container,.alignwide .wp-block-group__inner-container,.alignfull .wp-block-group__inner-container{max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;}.wp-block-group.alignnone,.wp-block-group.aligncenter,.wp-block-group.alignleft,.wp-block-group.alignright,.wp-block-group.alignwide,.wp-block-columns.alignwide{margin:2rem 0 1rem 0;}}@media (max-width:1200px){.wp-block-group{padding:3em;}.wp-block-group .wp-block-group{padding:1.5em;}.wp-block-columns,.wp-block-column{margin:1rem 0;}}@media (min-width:921px){.wp-block-columns .wp-block-group{padding:2em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.wp-block-cover-image .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__inner-container{width:unset;}.wp-block-cover,.wp-block-cover-image{padding:2em 0;}.wp-block-group,.wp-block-cover{padding:2em;}.wp-block-media-text__media img,.wp-block-media-text__media video{width:unset;max-width:100%;}.wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content{padding:1em;}.wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content{padding:3em 2em;}}.wp-block-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.wp-block-table.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding:1.5em 0;}#primary,#secondary{padding:1.5em 0;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #content > .ast-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.ast-author-box img.avatar{margin:20px 0 0 0;}}@media (max-width:921px){#secondary.secondary{padding-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header #secondary,.ast-page-builder-template #secondary{margin-top:1.5em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-right-sidebar #primary{padding-right:0;}.ast-page-builder-template.ast-left-sidebar #secondary,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:20px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary,.ast-left-sidebar #primary{padding-left:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:0;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border:0;}.search-no-results.ast-separate-container #primary{margin-bottom:4em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-right-sidebar #primary{border-right:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);}.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border-left:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{border-left:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);margin-left:-1px;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{border-right:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);margin-right:-1px;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-left:30px;padding-right:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:30px;padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{border:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{color:#ffffff;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:focus{color:#a91f24;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#a91f24;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{border-style:solid;border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-color:#a91f24;background-color:#a91f24;color:#ffffff;font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:1em;border-top-left-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:40px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:40px;}.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"]{border-style:solid;border-top-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;color:#ffffff;border-color:#a91f24;background-color:#a91f24;padding-top:10px;padding-right:40px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:40px;font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:1em;border-top-left-radius:2px;border-top-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-right-radius:2px;border-bottom-left-radius:2px;}button:focus,.menu-toggle:hover,button:hover,.ast-button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover .button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover ,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=reset]:focus,input#submit:hover,input#submit:focus,input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:focus{color:#a91f24;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#a91f24;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-outside .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-icon{margin:0;}.ast-comment-avatar-wrap img{max-width:2.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:2em 2.14em;}.ast-comment-meta{padding:0 1.8888em 1.3333em;}}@media (min-width:544px){.ast-container{max-width:100%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{padding:1.5em 1em;}.ast-separate-container #content .ast-container{padding-left:0.54em;padding-right:0.54em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1{padding:1.5em 1em;margin-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list .bypostauthor{padding:.5em;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field{width:170px;}.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;}.site-branding img,.site-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img{max-width:100%;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form{right:0;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form{right:-1em;}}body,.ast-separate-container{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: -6.67em;margin-right: -6.67em;width: auto;}@media (max-width: 1200px) {.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: -2.4em;margin-right: -2.4em;}}@media (max-width: 768px) {.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: -2.14em;margin-right: -2.14em;}}@media (max-width: 544px) {.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: -1em;margin-right: -1em;}}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignwide {margin-left: -20px;margin-right: -20px;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width: 100%;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:30px;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:400px;}header .custom-logo-link img,.ast-header-break-point .site-logo-img .custom-mobile-logo-link img{max-width:400px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-title{display:none;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:30px;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}header .custom-logo-link img,.ast-header-break-point .site-branding img,.ast-header-break-point .custom-logo-link img{max-width:271px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:271px;}.ast-header-break-point .site-logo-img .custom-mobile-logo-link img{max-width:271px;}}@media (max-width:921px){html{font-size:102.6%;}}@media (max-width:544px){html{font-size:102.6%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1355px;}}@font-face {font-family: "Astra";src: url(https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/fonts/astra.woff) format("woff"),url(https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/fonts/astra.ttf) format("truetype"),url(https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/fonts/astra.svg#astra) format("svg");font-weight: normal;font-style: normal;font-display: fallback;}@media (max-width:1040px) {.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation{display:none;}}.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-color:#a91f24;}.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-style:solid;}.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu .sub-menu{top:-0px;}.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .children .menu-link{border-bottom-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu:hover > .sub-menu,.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu.focus > .sub-menu{margin-left:-0px;}}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-inside .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-search-icon {display: none;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-inside .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {padding: 0;display: block;overflow: hidden;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-custom-item .widget:last-child {margin-bottom: 1em;}.ast-header-custom-item .widget {margin: 0.5em;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;}.ast-header-custom-item .widget p {margin-bottom: 0;}.ast-header-custom-item .widget li {width: auto;}.ast-header-custom-item-inside .button-custom-menu-item .menu-link {display: none;}.ast-header-custom-item-inside.ast-header-break-point .button-custom-menu-item .ast-custom-button-link {display: none;}.ast-header-custom-item-inside.ast-header-break-point .button-custom-menu-item .menu-link {display: block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-outside .main-header-bar .ast-search-icon {margin-right: 1em;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-inside .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field,.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-inside .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field {width: 100%;padding-right: 5.5em;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-inside .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: block;position: absolute;height: 100%;top: 0;right: 0;padding: 0 1em;border-radius: 0;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-custom-item .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items {padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;margin-bottom: 1em;margin-top: 1em;}.ast-header-custom-item-inside.ast-header-break-point .button-custom-menu-item {padding-left: 0;padding-right: 0;margin-top: 0;margin-bottom: 0;}.astra-icon-down_arrow::after {content: "\e900";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-close::after {content: "\e5cd";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-drag_handle::after {content: "\e25d";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-format_align_justify::after {content: "\e235";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-menu::after {content: "\e5d2";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-reorder::after {content: "\e8fe";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-search::after {content: "\e8b6";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-zoom_in::after {content: "\e56b";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-check-circle::after {content: "\e901";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-shopping-cart::after {content: "\f07a";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-shopping-bag::after {content: "\f290";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-shopping-basket::after {content: "\f291";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-circle-o::after {content: "\e903";font-family: Astra;}.astra-icon-certificate::after {content: "\e902";font-family: Astra;}blockquote {padding: 1.2em;}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root{--ast-global-color-0:#0170B9;--ast-global-color-1:#3a3a3a;--ast-global-color-2:#3a3a3a;--ast-global-color-3:#4B4F58;--ast-global-color-4:#F5F5F5;--ast-global-color-5:#FFFFFF;--ast-global-color-6:#E5E5E5;--ast-global-color-7:#424242;--ast-global-color-8:#000000;}:root {--ast-border-color : #dddddd;}.ast-single-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {max-width: 1315px;background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content .entry-header {margin-bottom: 0;}header.entry-header .entry-title{font-size:36px;font-size:2rem;}header.entry-header > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:4px;}.ast-archive-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;text-align: left;}body.archive .ast-archive-description{max-width:1315px;width:100%;text-align:left;padding-top:3em;padding-right:3em;padding-bottom:3em;padding-left:3em;}body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title,body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title *{font-size:40px;font-size:2.2222222222222rem;}body.archive .ast-archive-description > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}@media (max-width:921px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}@media (max-width:544px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items li{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;background:inherit;text-indent:0;text-decoration:none;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse{font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items{list-style:none;}.trail-items li::after{padding:0 0.3em;content:"\00bb";}.trail-items li:last-of-type::after{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:inherit;}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:inherit;}}@media (min-width:922px){#primary{width:70%;}#secondary{width:30%;}}.main-header-menu .menu-item,#astra-footer-menu .menu-item,.main-header-bar .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{-js-display:flex;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,#astra-footer-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{height:100%;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-js-display:flex;display:flex;}.ast-primary-menu-disabled .main-header-bar .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{flex:unset;}.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{position:absolute;right:1em;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%) rotate(270deg);}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .page_item_has_children > .ast-menu-toggle::before,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before,.ast-mobile-popup-drawer .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children>.ast-menu-toggle::before,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{font-weight:bold;content:"\e900";font-family:Astra;text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation ul.sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:before{content:"\e900";font-family:Astra;font-size:.65em;text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;transform:translate(0,-2px) rotateZ(270deg);margin-right:5px;}.widget_search .search-form:after{font-family:Astra;font-size:1.2em;font-weight:normal;content:"\e8b6";position:absolute;top:50%;right:15px;transform:translate(0,-50%);}.astra-search-icon::before{content:"\e8b6";font-family:Astra;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;text-decoration:inherit;text-align:center;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;z-index:3;}.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .page_item_has_children > a:after,.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > a:after,.menu-item-has-children .ast-header-navigation-arrow:after{content:"\e900";display:inline-block;font-family:Astra;font-size:.6rem;font-weight:bold;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;margin-left:10px;line-height:normal;}.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-header-navigation-arrow:after{margin-left:0;}.ast-mobile-popup-drawer .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded>.ast-menu-toggle::before{transform:rotateX(180deg);}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{display:none;}.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-2,.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-3{background-color:transparent;background-image:none;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container.ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .site-content{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container.ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .site-content{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container.ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .site-content{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(.5em);transition:visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);transition:opacity .2s ease,visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-up>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transform:translateY(-.5em);transition:visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transform:translateY(0);transition:opacity .2s ease,visibility .2s ease,transform .2s ease}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-slide-down>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item>.sub-menu .sub-menu{opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:opacity ease-in-out .3s}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item .menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item .menu-item:hover>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item.focus>.sub-menu,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.menu-item:hover>.sub-menu{opacity:1;visibility:visible;transition:opacity ease-in-out .3s}.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.full-width-mega.menu-item.focus>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .astra-menu-animation-fade>.full-width-mega.menu-item:hover>.astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{-js-display:flex;display:flex} </style> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css'> .safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0: var(--ast-global-color-0);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1: var(--ast-global-color-1);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2: var(--ast-global-color-2);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3: var(--ast-global-color-3);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4: var(--ast-global-color-4);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5: var(--ast-global-color-5);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6: var(--ast-global-color-6);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7: var(--ast-global-color-7);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8: var(--ast-global-color-8);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size); }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 24px; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 24px; }:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flow) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-constrained) > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}:root :where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 24px;}:root :where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 24px;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: none;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ssb-front-css-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-buttons/assets/css/front.css?ver=5.3.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='jr2020-theme-css-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/jr2020/style.css?ver=1732371896' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-css-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-658239cb7afa94-82929454.css?ver=4.5.2' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-css-inline-css'> #content:before{content:"921";position:absolute;overflow:hidden;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;}.blog-layout-2{position:relative;}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:#3c6daa;}@media (max-width:921px){.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-bottom:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.blog-layout-1 .post-content,.blog-layout-1 .ast-blog-featured-section{float:none;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.blog-layout-2{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;}.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-3,.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-1{display:block;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-1.14em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-archive-description{margin-bottom:1.33333em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb .post-content{width:calc(100% - 5.714285714em);}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{border-bottom:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;padding:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child{margin-bottom:2.5em;}.single .ast-author-meta .ast-author-details{display:flex;}}@media (min-width:922px){.single .post-author-avatar,.single .post-author-bio{float:left;clear:right;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-right:1.33333em;}.single .ast-author-meta .about-author-title-wrapper,.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-bio{text-align:left;}.blog-layout-2 .post-content{padding-right:2em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-right:0;}.blog-layout-3 .post-content{padding-left:2em;}.blog-layout-3.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1){padding:0 1em 0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.33333em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-2,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-3{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 1em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-hide-display-device-desktop{display:none;}}@media (min-width:545px) and (max-width:921px){.ast-hide-display-device-tablet{display:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-hide-display-device-mobile{display:none;}}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on *{background:#3c6daa;color:#ffffff;}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-month,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-year{color:#ffffff;}.ast-load-more:hover{color:#ffffff;border-color:#3c6daa;background-color:#3c6daa;}.ast-loader > div{background-color:#3c6daa;}.ast-pagination .page-numbers{color:#15090b;border-color:#3c6daa;}.ast-pagination .page-numbers.current,.ast-pagination .page-numbers:focus,.ast-pagination .page-numbers:hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#3c6daa;border-color:#3c6daa;}.read-more a:not(.ast-button):hover,.entry-meta a:hover,.entry-meta a:hover *{color:#2e5584;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{color:#756d6d;}.ast-small-footer{color:#15090B;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form{border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-color:#ddd;border-radius:2px;}.footer-adv .widget-title,.footer-adv .widget-title a.rsswidget,.ast-no-widget-row .widget-title{font-family:Georgia;text-transform:inherit;}.footer-adv .widget > *:not(.widget-title){font-family:Georgia;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation .close:after,.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation-wrap .close:after,.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation-wrap .close:after{content:"\e5cd";display:inline-block;font-family:'Astra';font-size:2rem;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;line-height:40px;height:40px;width:40px;text-align:center;margin:0;}.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation-wrap .close:after{content:"\e5cd";display:inline-block;font-family:'Astra';font-size:28px;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;line-height:normal;}.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation-wrap .close:after{content:"\e5cd";display:inline-block;font-family:'Astra';font-size:28px;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;line-height:normal;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-menu-disabled .ast-merge-header-navigation-wrap .ast-above-header-menu-items{border-top:#dadada;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav ul .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-merge-header-navigation-wrap .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link:before,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-merge-header-navigation-wrap .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .menu-link:before,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-merge-header-navigation-wrap .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link:before,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-merge-header-navigation-wrap .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .menu-link:before{border-bottom:#dadada;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-mobile-menu-buttons-outline.menu-toggle{background:transparent;border:1px solid #a91f24;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-mobile-menu-buttons-minimal.menu-toggle{background:transparent;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-mobile-menu-buttons-fill.menu-toggle{border:1px solid #a91f24;background:#a91f24;color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header .ast-button-wrap .menu-toggle{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header{background-color:#f1f2f2;;background-image:none;;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section-separated .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu{background-color:#f1f2f2;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .user-select,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .widget,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .widget-title{color:#838383;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .search-field:focus{border-color:#838383;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .user-select a,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .widget a{color:#3c6daa;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .user-select a:hover,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section .widget a:hover{color:#2e5584;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .ast-menu-toggle.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link{color:#2E5584;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation a,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#838383;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#4176b7;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .sub-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .sub-menu .menu-link{color:#838383;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section-separated .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu{background-color:#f1f2f2;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section-separated .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu{background-color:#f1f2f2;}}@media (max-width:1040px){.ast-above-header-navigation-wrap{display:none;}}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-mobile-menu-buttons-outline.menu-toggle{background:transparent;border:1px solid #a91f24;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-mobile-menu-buttons-minimal.menu-toggle{background:transparent;color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-mobile-menu-buttons-fill.menu-toggle{border:1px solid #a91f24;background:#a91f24;color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header .ast-button-wrap .menu-toggle{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select,.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select .widget{color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-section-separated .ast-below-header-actual-nav{background-color:#ffffff;;}.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select a,.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select .widget a{color:#756d6d;}.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select a:hover,.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select .widget a:hover{color:#2E5584;}.ast-header-break-point .below-header-user-select .search-field:focus{border-color:#756d6d;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link{color:#535353;}.ast-no-toggle-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-no-toggle-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .current-menu-ancestor:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#707070;}.ast-no-toggle-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-link:hover,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .menu-link{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#4176b7;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .sub-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .sub-menu .menu-link{color:#737373;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#535353;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link:hover,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link{background-color:#f2f1f1;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{background-color:#f1f2f2;}@media (max-width:1040px){.ast-below-header-navigation-wrap{display:none;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar{padding-bottom:.25em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar{padding-bottom:0em;}}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link::after{position:absolute;right:1em;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%) rotate( 270deg );}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:"\e900";display:inline-block;font-family:'Astra';font-size:.6rem;font-weight:bold;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;margin-left:10px;line-height:normal;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{content:"\e900";font-family:'Astra';text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:before{content:"\e900";font-family:'Astra';text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;font-size:.65em;transform:translate(0,-2px) rotateZ(270deg);margin-right:5px;}.ast-above-header{border-bottom-width:inherit;line-height:32px;}.ast-above-header-menu,.ast-above-header .user-select{font-weight:700;font-size:13px;font-size:0.72222222222222rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-merged-responsive .ast-above-header{border-bottom-width:inherit;}.ast-above-header .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field{max-height:26px;padding-top:.35em;padding-bottom:.35em;}.ast-above-header-section-wrap{min-height:32px;}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-color:#a91f24;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-merged-responsive .below-header-user-select,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-merged-responsive .below-header-user-select .widget,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-merged-responsive .below-header-user-select .widget-title{color:#15090b;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-merged-responsive .below-header-user-select a{color:#3c6daa;}.ast-above-header-section .above-header-user-select{font-family:Georgia,Times,serif;font-weight:700;font-size:13px;font-size:0.72222222222222rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.ast-above-header{background-color:#f1f2f2;;background-image:none;;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-merged-responsive .ast-above-header{background-color:#f1f2f2;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section-separated .ast-above-header-navigation,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-section-separated .ast-above-header-navigation ul{background-color:#f1f2f2;}.ast-above-header-section .user-select,.ast-above-header-section .widget,.ast-above-header-section .widget-title{color:#838383;}.ast-above-header-section .user-select a,.ast-above-header-section .widget a{color:#3c6daa;}.ast-above-header-section .search-field:focus{border-color:#3c6daa;}.ast-above-header-section .user-select a:hover,.ast-above-header-section .widget a:hover{color:#2e5584;}.ast-above-header-navigation a{color:#838383;}.ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item:hover > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;}.ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.focus > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;}.ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:#2E5584;}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.focus > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#4176b7;}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#4176b7;}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;}.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu,.ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{color:#838383;}@media (max-width:1040px){.ast-above-header-navigation,.ast-above-header-hide-on-mobile .ast-above-header-wrap{display:none;}}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu .menu-link{border-bottom-width:0px;border-style:solid;border-color:#eaeaea;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu{border-style:solid;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-swap-above-header-sections .ast-above-header-section-1{order:2;justify-content:flex-end;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-swap-above-header-sections .ast-above-header-section-2{order:1;justify-content:flex-start;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{position:absolute;right:1em;top:50%;transform:translate(0,-50%) rotate( 270deg );}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:"\e900";display:inline-block;font-family:'Astra';font-size:.6rem;font-weight:bold;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;margin-left:10px;line-height:normal;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{content:"\e900";font-family:'Astra';text-decoration:inherit;display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:before{content:"\e900";font-family:'Astra';text-decoration:inherit;font-size:.65em;display:inline-block;transform:translate(0,-2px) rotateZ(270deg);margin-right:5px;}.ast-below-header{border-bottom-width:inherit;border-bottom-color:#f1f2f2;line-height:40px;}.ast-below-header-section-wrap{min-height:40px;}.below-header-user-select .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field{max-height:32px;padding-top:.35em;padding-bottom:.35em;}.ast-below-header-menu{font-weight:700;font-size:13px;font-size:0.72222222222222rem;text-transform:uppercase;}.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu,.ast-below-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-color:#CBC7C7;}.ast-below-header{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}.ast-below-header,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-below-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-section-separated .ast-below-header-actual-nav{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-no-toggle-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation-wrap,.ast-below-header-actual-nav,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-section-wrap .ast-below-header-actual-nav{background-color:#ffffff;;}.ast-below-header-menu,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-link{color:#707070;}.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.focus > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#535353;}.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .menu-link{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.focus > .menu-link{color:#535353;background-color:#f2f1f1;}.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor.focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item:focus > .menu-link,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.current-menu-item.focus > .menu-link{color:#4176b7;background-color:#f1f2f2;}.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu,.ast-below-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{color:#737373;}.below-header-user-select .widget,.below-header-user-select .widget-title{color:#ffffff;}.below-header-user-select a,.below-header-user-select .widget a{color:#756d6d;}.below-header-user-select a:hover,.below-header-user-select .widget a:hover{color:#2E5584;}.below-header-user-select input.search-field:focus,.below-header-user-select input.search-field.focus{border-color:#756d6d;}.below-header-user-select{color:#ffffff;}@media (max-width:1040px){.ast-below-header-actual-nav,.ast-below-header-hide-on-mobile .ast-below-header-wrap{display:none;}}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu .menu-link{border-bottom-width:0px;border-style:solid;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu .sub-menu{top:-0px;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu.submenu-with-border .sub-menu{border-top-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-style:solid;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu:hover > .sub-menu,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu.focus > .sub-menu{margin-left:-0px;}}.ast-header-break-point .ast-swap-below-header-sections .below-header-section-1{order:2;justify-content:flex-end;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-swap-below-header-sections .below-header-section-2{order:1;justify-content:flex-start;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container{padding-top:0px;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-top:0px;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-plain-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{margin-top:0em;}.site-header .ast-site-identity{padding-right:0px;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container{padding-top:0em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-top:0em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-plain-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:1.5em;}.site-header .ast-site-identity{padding-right:0px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container{padding-top:0em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-top:0em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-plain-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{margin-top:0px;}.site-header .ast-site-identity{padding-right:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .site-branding,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-mobile-menu-buttons{padding-bottom:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container #secondary .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;}}.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-top:0px;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-top:0px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-top:0px;}}.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-bottom:0px;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-bottom:0px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-bottom:0px;}}.site-header .ast-sticky-shrunk .ast-site-identity,.ast-sticky-shrunk .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-sticky-shrunk li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;} .ast-header-break-point .ast-sticky-shrunk.main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.ast-sticky-shrunk .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{padding-top:0.9em;padding-bottom:0.9em;}.site-header .ast-sticky-shrunk .ast-site-identity,.ast-sticky-shrunk li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{padding-top:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;}.main-header-bar .ast-container,#masthead .ast-container{padding-left:1.4em;padding-right:1.4em;}.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar,.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar{padding-bottom:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-below-header,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header{padding-bottom:1em;}.ast-below-header-menu .menu-link,.below-header-nav-padding-support .below-header-section-1 .below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.below-header-nav-padding-support .below-header-section-2 .below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav > .ast-below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{padding-right:.65em;padding-left:.65em;}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-default-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-default-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:calc( .65em - 0.907em );}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.main-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .main-header-bar{padding-top:0em;padding-bottom:.25em;}.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar,.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar{padding-bottom:0;}.main-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items,li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{padding-top:0px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-template-content,.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-custom-content,.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-custom-text-content,.main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 30px + 10px );}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 30px + 20px );}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 30px + 30px );}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 30px + 40px );}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{margin-right:20px;right:0;}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;}.ast-below-header,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header{padding-top:1em;padding-bottom:1em;}.ast-below-header-menu .menu-link,.below-header-nav-padding-support .below-header-section-1 .below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.below-header-nav-padding-support .below-header-section-2 .below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav > .ast-below-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu .ast-mm-template-content,.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-menu .ast-mm-custom-text-content,.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 10px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 20px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 30px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-actual-nav .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 40px );}.ast-default-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-default-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-default-below-menu-enable .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-below-menu-enable .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-above-header{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu > .menu-item:first-child > .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu > .menu-item:last-child > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation > ul > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-mm-custom-text-content,.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-mm-template-content,.ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link,.ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu > .menu-item:first-child .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 10px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 20px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 30px );}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link{padding-left:calc( 20px + 40px );}.ast-default-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-default-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-default-above-menu-enable .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{margin-right:20px;right:0;}.ast-footer-overlay{padding-top:2em;padding-bottom:2em;}.ast-small-footer .nav-menu a,.footer-sml-layout-2 .ast-small-footer-section-1 .menu-item a,.footer-sml-layout-2 .ast-small-footer-section-2 .menu-item a{padding-top:0em;padding-right:.5em;padding-bottom:0em;padding-left:.5em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.main-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .main-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar{padding-top:0em;padding-bottom:0em;}.main-header-bar .ast-container,#masthead .ast-container{padding-left:1em;padding-right:0em;}.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar,.ast-main-header-nav-open .main-header-bar{padding-bottom:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-template-content,.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-custom-content,.ast-desktop .main-navigation .ast-mm-custom-text-content,.main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-below-menu-enable .ast-below-header-enabled .ast-below-header-navigation .ast-below-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-above-header{padding-top:0.5em;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-default-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link,.ast-flyout-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .menu-link{padding-right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}.ast-fullscreen-above-menu-enable .ast-above-header-enabled .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children .sub-menu .ast-menu-toggle{right:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .site-branding,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-mobile-menu-buttons{padding-bottom:0px;}}.site-title,.site-title a{font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}.entry-meta,.read-more{font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:normal;font-size:.9em;}.secondary .widget-title,.woocommerce-page #secondary .widget .widget-title{font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}.ast-small-footer{font-size:13px;font-size:0.72222222222222rem;}.blog .entry-title,.blog .entry-title a,.archive .entry-title,.archive .entry-title a,.search .entry-title,.search .entry-title a{font-family:GT Sectra Fine Bold,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;}.ast-below-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item .menu-link:focus{background-color:#ffffff;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-below-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover{background-color:#f2f1f1;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item .menu-link:focus{color:#4176b7;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .astra-megamenu-li .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-navigation .ast-above-header-menu .astra-megamenu-li .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:focus{color:#4176b7;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .menu-item .menu-link:focus{color:#4176b7;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:hover,.ast-desktop .ast-below-header-navigation .astra-megamenu-li .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link:focus{color:#535353;}.ast-above-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{box-shadow:0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);}.ast-above-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper .sub-menu,.ast-above-header-menu .astra-megamenu .sub-menu{box-shadow:none;}.ast-below-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-color:#CBC7C7;}.ast-below-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{box-shadow:0 5px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.06);}.ast-below-header-menu .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper .sub-menu,.ast-below-header-menu .astra-megamenu .sub-menu{box-shadow:none;}.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-megamenu,.ast-desktop .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-style:solid;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.main-header-menu .menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-weight:700;font-size:1.1em;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-above-header-menu .menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-weight:500;font-size:1.1em;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-below-header-menu .menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-weight:500;font-size:1.1em;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header .submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-style:solid;}.ast-desktop .ast-below-header .submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-style:solid;}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link .sub-arrow:after,.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-below-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link .sub-arrow:after,.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled.ast-above-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link .sub-arrow:after{content:"\e900";display:inline-block;font-family:Astra;font-size:.6rem;font-weight:bold;text-rendering:auto;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;margin-left:10px;line-height:normal;}.ast-search-box.header-cover #close::before,.ast-search-box.full-screen #close::before{font-family:Astra;content:"\e5cd";display:inline-block;transition:transform .3s ease-in-out;}.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .advanced-header-logo,.ast-header-break-point .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .advanced-header-logo{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .ast-mobile-header-logo{display:none;}.ast-advanced-headers-layout{width:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-advanced-headers-parallax{background-attachment:fixed;}#masthead .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg,.ast-header-break-point #ast-fixed-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img {max-width:450px;}@media (max-width:921px){#masthead .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg,.ast-header-break-point #ast-fixed-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img {max-width:400px;}}@media (max-width:543px){#masthead .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg,.ast-header-break-point #ast-fixed-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img {max-width:271px;}}#ast-fixed-header .site-title a,#ast-fixed-header .site-title a:focus,#ast-fixed-header .site-title a:hover,#ast-fixed-header .site-title a:visited{color:#222;}#ast-fixed-header.site-header .site-description{color:#15090b;}.ast-transparent-header #ast-fixed-header .main-header-bar,.ast-transparent-header.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-header-ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,#ast-fixed-header .main-header-bar,#ast-fixed-header .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items .ast-inline-search .search-field,#ast-fixed-header .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items .ast-inline-search .search-field:focus{backdrop-filter:unset;}#ast-fixed-header .ast-above-header{background:#ffffff;}#ast-fixed-header .ast-below-header{background:#414042;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uagb-block-css-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/uag-plugin/custom-style-blocks.css?ver=2.16.3' media='all' /> <!--[if IE]> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/flexibility.min.js?ver=4.1.6" id="astra-flexibility-js"></script> <script id="astra-flexibility-js-after"> flexibility(document.documentElement); </script> <![endif]--> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-for-wordpress/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.1" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-Z7CT2GDNKV"};</script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-buttons/assets/js/frontend-blocks.js?ver=5.3.1" id="ssb-blocks-front-js-js"></script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/menu-in-post/js/main-min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="menu_in_post_frontend_script-js"></script> <script id="ssb-front-js-js-extra"> var SSB = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","fb_share_nonce":"0cba36087a"}; </script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/simple-social-buttons/assets/js/front.js?ver=5.3.1" id="ssb-front-js-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/5515" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://journalistsresource.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://journalistsresource.org/?p=5515' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjournalistsresource.org%2Fabout-journalists-resource%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjournalistsresource.org%2Fabout-journalists-resource%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <style media="screen"> /*inline margin*/ /*margin-digbar*/ </style> <style id="uagb-style-conditional-extension">@media (min-width: 1025px){body .uag-hide-desktop.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-desktop{display:none !important}}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){body .uag-hide-tab.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-tab{display:none !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){body .uag-hide-mob.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-mob{display:none !important}}</style><style id="uagb-style-frontend-65891">.uagb-block-c1027b25.uagb-section__wrap{padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;border-color: #AA1F24;border-style: none;margin-right: 0px;margin-left: 0px;max-width: 100%;background-position: bottom right;background-attachment: scroll;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;}.uagb-block-c1027b25 > .uagb-section__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-c1027b25 > .uagb-section__inner-wrap{max-width: 100%;}.uagb-block-c1027b25.wp-block-uagb-section{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-c1027b25 > .uagb-section__overlay{border-radius: ;}</style><style id="uagb-style-frontend-65746">.uagb-block-14618354.uagb-section__wrap{padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;border-style: none;margin-right: 0px;margin-left: 0px;max-width: 100%;background-image: url('https://live-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/jr-apostrophe.svg' );background-position: top right;background-attachment: scroll;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: contain;}.uagb-block-14618354 > .uagb-section__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-14618354 > .uagb-section__inner-wrap{max-width: 1315px;}.uagb-block-14618354.wp-block-uagb-section{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-14618354 > .uagb-section__overlay{opacity: 1;border-radius: ;}.uagb-block-3050eb50.wp-block-uagb-columns.uagb-columns__wrap{padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 .uagb-columns__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 > .uagb-columns__inner-wrap{max-width: 1315px;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 .uagb-column__inner-wrap{padding: 10px;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 .uagb-column__wrap{padding: 10px;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-top .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-3050eb50 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-bottom .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-3050eb50.wp-block-uagb-columns{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-3050eb50 > .uagb-columns__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-e642296e.uagb-column__wrap{width: 30%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-e642296e > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-ed38c2fb.uagb-column__wrap{padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;width: 55%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-ed38c2fb > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-11948d5d > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-14618354.uagb-section__wrap{padding-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 0px;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-ed38c2fb.uagb-column__wrap{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-14618354.uagb-section__wrap{padding-top: 10px;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-e642296e.uagb-column__wrap{width: 100%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-ed38c2fb.uagb-column__wrap{padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;width: 100%;}}</style><style id="uagb-style-frontend-65745">.uagb-block-3c49234d.uagb-section__wrap{padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;border-style: none;margin-right: 0px;margin-left: 0px;max-width: 100%;}.uagb-block-3c49234d > .uagb-section__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-3c49234d > .uagb-section__inner-wrap{max-width: 1315px;}.uagb-block-3c49234d.wp-block-uagb-section{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-3c49234d > .uagb-section__overlay{background-color: #F1F2F2;border-radius: ;}.uagb-block-a722a474.wp-block-uagb-columns.uagb-columns__wrap{padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-a722a474 .uagb-columns__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-a722a474 > .uagb-columns__inner-wrap{max-width: 1315px;}.uagb-block-a722a474 .uagb-column__inner-wrap{padding: 5px;}.uagb-block-a722a474 .uagb-column__wrap{padding: 5px;}.uagb-block-a722a474 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-top .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-a722a474 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-bottom .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-a722a474.wp-block-uagb-columns{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-a722a474 > .uagb-columns__overlay{border-radius: ;}.uagb-block-a722a474.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-4cb0859c.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;width: 33.33%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-4cb0859c > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-fdb05fa6.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;width: 66.66%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-fdb05fa6 > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.uagb-block-50880106.wp-block-uagb-columns.uagb-columns__wrap{padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;}.uagb-block-50880106 .uagb-columns__video-wrap{opacity: 0.5;}.uagb-block-50880106 > .uagb-columns__inner-wrap{max-width: 1315px;}.uagb-block-50880106 .uagb-column__inner-wrap{padding: 5px;}.uagb-block-50880106 .uagb-column__wrap{padding: 5px;}.uagb-block-50880106 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-top .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-50880106 .uagb-columns__shape.uagb-columns__shape-bottom .uagb-columns__shape-fill{fill: rgba(51,51,51,1);}.uagb-block-50880106.wp-block-uagb-columns{box-shadow: 0px 0px ;}.uagb-block-50880106 > .uagb-columns__overlay{border-radius: ;}.uagb-block-50880106.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-521efa50.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;width: 21.33%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-521efa50 > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-d4101f9f.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;width: 12%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-d4101f9f > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-85fbd837.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;width: 66.66%;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-85fbd837 > .uagb-column__overlay{border-radius: ;}@media only screen and (max-width: 976px) {.uagb-block-3c49234d.uagb-section__wrap{border-style: none;}.uagb-block-a722a474.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-4cb0859c.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-fdb05fa6.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.uagb-block-50880106.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-521efa50.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-d4101f9f.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-85fbd837.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.uagb-block-3c49234d.uagb-section__wrap{border-style: none;}.uagb-block-a722a474.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-4cb0859c.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-fdb05fa6.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.uagb-block-50880106.uagb-columns__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-521efa50.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-d4101f9f.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}.wp-block-uagb-column.uagb-block-85fbd837.uagb-column__wrap{border-style: none;}}</style><link rel="icon" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-jr-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-jr-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-jr-favicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/cropped-jr-favicon-270x270.png" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> .jr-link-button.dashicons-before:before, .jr-icon-button.dashicons-before:before { display: none; content: ''; } @media (min-width: 922px) { .header-main-layout-1 .main-header-container { align-items: center; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 600px) { .entry-content figure.alignleft, .entry-content img.alignleft, .entry-content figure.alignright, .entry-content img.alignright { float:none; display:block; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; } .entry-content .wp-block-image .aligncenter>figcaption, .entry-content .wp-block-image .alignleft>figcaption, .entry-content .wp-block-image .alignright>figcaption { display: block; } } .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.jr-donate-link .menu-link, .jr-donate-link a { color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #AA1F24; background-color: #AA1F24; padding: .25rem .5rem; text-transform: uppercase; } .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.jr-donate-link a:hover, .ast-above-header-navigation .menu-item.jr-donate-link a:focus, .jr-donate-link a:hover, .jr-donate-link a:focus { color: #AA1F24; background-color: #fff; } .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.jr-donate-link .menu-link:hover, .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.jr-donate-link .menu-link:focus { border: 1px solid #AA1F24; } .jr-social-follow > .menu-link, .ast-above-header-navigation .jr-social-follow.menu-item > .menu-link { color: unset; } .ast-header-break-point .toggle-on .ast-above-header-menu-items { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; } /* Stretch the About Us menu item on small screens */ .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item:first-of-type { width: 100%; } .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.jr-social-follow { flex: 0 1 auto; } /* Stretch the Donate menu item on small screens */ .ast-header-break-point .jr-donate-link { flex: none; text-align: center; width: 100%; } /* Allow menu to be full width until new breakpoint */ @media (max-width: 1040px) { .header-main-layout-1 .main-header-bar-navigation {max-width: calc(100% + 4rem);}} .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.jr-donate-link .menu-link { padding: .5rem; } .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation li, .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link, .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-below-header-menu-items .menu-item .menu-link { padding-left: 0; } .above-header-nav-padding-support .ast-justify-content-flex-end .ast-above-header-menu>.jr-donate-link.menu-item:last-child .menu-link { padding-right: 0.5rem; } .ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-menu-items .menu-item.jr-donate-link .menu-link { padding: .5rem; } .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation ul.ast-above-header-menu-items, .ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-navigation ul.ast-below-header-menu-items { padding-right: 2rem; } </style> </head> <body itemtype='https://schema.org/WebPage' itemscope='itemscope' class="page-template-default page page-id-5515 page-parent wp-custom-logo ast-desktop ast-plain-container ast-right-sidebar astra-4.1.6 ast-header-custom-item-inside group-blog ast-single-post ast-inherit-site-logo-transparent ast-above-mobile-menu-align-stack ast-default-menu-enable above-header-nav-padding-support ast-sticky-header-shrink ast-inherit-site-logo-sticky ast-normal-title-enabled astra-addon-4.5.2"> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PRBVPKQ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content" role="link" title="Skip to content"> Skip to content</a> <div class="hfeed site" id="page"> <header class="site-header ast-primary-submenu-animation-fade header-main-layout-1 ast-primary-menu-disabled ast-menu-toggle-icon ast-mobile-header-inline ast-above-header-enabled ast-above-header-merged-responsive ast-below-header-enabled ast-below-header-merged-responsive ast-above-header-mobile-stack ast-below-header-mobile-stack" id="masthead" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader" itemscope="itemscope" itemid="#masthead" > <div class="ast-above-header-wrap ast-above-header-1" > <div class="ast-above-header"> <div class="ast-container"> <div class="ast-flex ast-above-header-section-wrap"> <div class="ast-above-header-section ast-above-header-section-1 ast-flex ast-justify-content-flex-start widget-above-header" > <div class="above-header-widget above-header-user-select"><div id="nav_menu-7" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><nav class="menu-hks-and-sc-container" aria-label="Menu"><ul id="menu-hks-and-sc" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-65821" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65821"><a href="https://www.hks.harvard.edu/" class="menu-link">Harvard Kennedy School</a></li> <li id="menu-item-65820" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65820"><a href="https://shorensteincenter.org/" class="menu-link">Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy</a></li> </ul></nav></div></div> <!-- .above-header-widget --> </div> <div class="ast-above-header-section ast-above-header-section-2 ast-flex ast-justify-content-flex-end menu-above-header" > <div id="ast-above-header-navigation-section-2" class="ast-above-header-navigation navigation-accessibility"><ul id="menu-2021-above-header-menu" class="ast-above-header-menu ast-nav-menu ast-flex ast-mega-menu-enabled astra-menu-animation-fade ast-justify-content-flex-end submenu-with-border"><li id="menu-item-65811" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-5515 current_page_item menu-item-65811"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">About The Journalist&#8217;s Resource</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-66014" class="jr-social-follow menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66014"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/journalistsresource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text"><span class="sr-only">Follow us on Facebook</span><span class="dashicons dashicons-facebook"></span></span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-66015" class="jr-social-follow menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66015"><a href="https://twitter.com/JournoResource" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text"><span class="sr-only">Follow us on Twitter</span><span class="dashicons dashicons-twitter"></span></span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-69679" class="jr-donate-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-69679"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/donate-journalists-resource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Donate</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div><!-- .ast-container --> </div><!-- .ast-above-header --> </div><!-- .ast-above-header-wrap --> <div class="main-header-bar-wrap"> <div class="main-header-bar"> <div class="ast-container"> <div class="ast-flex main-header-container"> <div class="site-branding"> <div class="ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="450" height="62" src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/logo.svg" class="custom-logo" alt="The Journalist&#039;s Resource logo" decoding="async" /></a></span> </div> </div> <!-- .site-branding --> <div class="ast-mobile-menu-buttons"> <div class="ast-button-wrap"> <button type="button" class="menu-toggle main-header-menu-toggle ast-mobile-menu-buttons-minimal " aria-controls='primary-menu' aria-expanded='false'> <span class="screen-reader-text">Main Menu</span> <span class="ast-icon icon-menu-bars"><span class="menu-toggle-icon"></span></span> </button> </div> </div> <div class="main-header-bar-navigation ast-flex-1 ast-header-custom-item ast-flex ast-justify-content-flex-end"><ul class="ast-above-header-menu-items"> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-5515 current_page_item menu-item-65811"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">About The Journalist&#8217;s Resource</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="jr-social-follow menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66014"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/journalistsresource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text"><span class="sr-only">Follow us on Facebook</span><span class="dashicons dashicons-facebook"></span></span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="jr-social-follow menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66015"><a href="https://twitter.com/JournoResource" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text"><span class="sr-only">Follow us on Twitter</span><span class="dashicons dashicons-twitter"></span></span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="jr-donate-link menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-69679"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/donate-journalists-resource/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Donate</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul><ul class="ast-below-header-menu-items"> <li id="menu-item-65813" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65813"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/criminal-justice/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Criminal Justice</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65816" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65816"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/economics/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Economics</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65814" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65814"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/education/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Education</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65817" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65817"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/environment/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Environment</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65830" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65830"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Health</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65815" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65815"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/media/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Media</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65909" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65909"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Politics &amp; Government</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li id="menu-item-65888" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65888"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/race-and-gender/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Race &amp; Gender</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li> </ul> <div class="ast-below-header-custom-menu-items ast-container"> </div> <div class="ast-masthead-custom-menu-items search-custom-menu-item"> <div class="ast-search-menu-icon search-box ast-inline-search"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://journalistsresource.org/"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Search for:</span> <input type="search" class="search-field" placeholder="Search &hellip;" value="" name="s" /> <button type="submit" class="search-submit" value="Search" aria-label="Search"><i class="astra-search-icon"> <span class="ast-icon icon-search"></span> </i></button> </form></div> </div> </div> </div><!-- Main Header Container --> </div><!-- ast-row --> </div> <!-- Main Header Bar --> </div> <!-- Main Header Bar Wrap --> <div class="ast-below-header-wrap ast-below-header-1"> <div class="ast-below-header"> <div class="ast-container"> <div class="ast-flex ast-below-header-section-wrap"> <div class="ast-below-header-navigation below-header-section-1 ast-flex ast-justify-content-flex-start"><nav id="ast-below-header-navigation-section-1" class="ast-below-header-actual-nav navigation-accessibility"><ul id="below_header-menu" class="ast-below-header-menu ast-nav-menu ast-flex ast-mega-menu-enabled astra-menu-animation-fade ast-justify-content-flex-start submenu-with-border"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65813"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/criminal-justice/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Criminal Justice</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65816"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/economics/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Economics</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65814"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/education/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Education</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65817"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/environment/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Environment</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65830"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Health</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65815"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/media/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Media</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65909"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Politics &amp; Government</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-65888"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/race-and-gender/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"></span><span class="menu-text">Race &amp; Gender</span><span class="sub-arrow"></span></a></li></ul></nav></div> </div> </div> </div><!-- .ast-below-header --> </div><!-- .ast-below-header-wrap --> </header><!-- #masthead --> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div class="ast-container"> <div id="primary" class="content-area primary"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article class="post-5515 page type-page status-publish ast-article-single" id="post-5515" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope="itemscope"> <div class="astra-advanced-hook-65891 "> <div class="wp-block-uagb-section uagb-section__wrap uagb-section__background-image uagb-block-c1027b25 jr-expert-commentary-textlabel"><div class="uagb-section__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-section__inner-wrap"> <p><strong>Expert Commentary</strong></p> </div></div> </div> <div class="astra-advanced-hook-65890 "> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large jr-expert-commentary-imagemark-archive"><img src="https://dev-journalists-resource.pantheonsite.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/jr-apostrophe.svg" alt="" class="wp-image-65243"/></figure> </div> <header class="entry-header ast-no-thumbnail"> <div class="entry-category-meta"><span class="cat-links"></span></div><h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">About The Journalist&#8217;s Resource</h1> </header> <!-- .entry-header --> <div class="entry-content clear" itemprop="text"> <div class="sharing"><div class="social-icons"><div class="simplesocialbuttons simplesocial-round-icon simplesocialbuttons_inline simplesocialbuttons-align-right simplesocialbuttons-inline-no-animation"> <button class="simplesocial-fb-share" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" aria-label="Facebook Share" data-href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.dataset.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,height=600,width=600');return false;"><span class="simplesocialtxt">Facebook </span> </button> <button class="simplesocial-twt-share" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" aria-label="Twitter Share" data-href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=About+The+Journalist%E2%80%99s+Resource&url=https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.dataset.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,height=600,width=600');return false;"><span class="simplesocialtxt">Twitter</span> </button> <button rel="nofollow" target="_blank" class="simplesocial-linkedin-share" aria-label="LinkedIn Share" data-href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.dataset.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,height=600,width=600');return false;"><span class="simplesocialtxt">LinkedIn</span></button> <button class="simplesocial-reddit-share" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" aria-label="Reddit Share" data-href="https://reddit.com/submit?url=https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/&title=About+The+Journalist%E2%80%99s+Resource" onclick="javascript:window.open(this.dataset.href, '', 'menubar=no,toolbar=no,resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,height=600,width=600');return false;" ><span class="simplesocialtxt">Reddit</span> </button> <button onclick="javascript:window.location.href = this.dataset.href;return false;" class="simplesocial-email-share" aria-label="Share through Email" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" data-href="mailto:?subject=About The Journalist%E2%80%99s Resource&body=https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/"><span class="simplesocialtxt">Email</span></button> </div> </div></div> <p>Newsrooms across the world are gravely understaffed. The research desk is largely a thing of the past, and many local reporters are stretched too thin to develop subject matter expertise in their multiple beats. Fortunately, academic researchers do have such expertise, which they share in the form of scientific studies. For resource-constrained journalists, academic research should be an essential tool to:</p> <ul class="wp-block-list"> <li>Generate and successfully pitch story ideas.</li> <li>Thwart misinformation.</li> <li>Hold policymakers accountable.</li> <li>Bolster bare-bones news stories with well-vetted data.</li> <li>Shed light on potential solutions to societal problems.</li> <li>Offer insights into journalism itself.</li> </ul> <p>The problem is that many journalists don&#8217;t know how to identify high-quality research or use it in their reporting, don&#8217;t understand academic jargon or research methods, don&#8217;t have time to navigate lengthy journal articles, and don’t realize what they don’t know about research &#8212; which can lead to reporting errors and erode trust in journalism.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Our mission: </h3> <p>The Journalist’s Resource bridges the gap between academia and journalism, informing the news by empowering journalists to rely on academic research <strong>throughout every step of the reporting and editing process</strong>.</p> <p>Now in our second decade, we have become an invaluable source of information and material for thousands of journalists all over the world – and we hope to grow our operations and continue to be a trusted resource for decades to come.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Who we are:</h3> <p><a href="mailto:Carmen_nobel@hks.harvard.edu"><strong>Carmen Nobel</strong></a>, <strong>program director</strong> <strong>and editor-in-chief</strong>.&nbsp;She joined<em> The Journalist’s Resource</em> in 2018 after serving as senior editor of <em>Harvard Business School Working Knowledge</em>, where she wrote about economic research and forged content partnerships with <em>Quartz</em>, <em>Forbes</em>, <em>HBR Ascend</em>, and the World Economic Forum. &nbsp;Her work also has appeared in <em>The Boston Globe</em>, <em>Boston Magazine</em>, <em>Inc.</em>, <em>NPR Science Friday</em>, <em>PC Magazine</em>, <em>eWeek</em> and <em>McSweeney’s Internet Tendency</em>. Nobel earned a bachelor&#8217;s degree in English from Tufts University and a master&#8217;s degree from the Medill School of Journalism. She grew up in Gorham, Maine. An interesting fact: As a child, Nobel sang backup on <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cfd_5cfbL00">the theme song for &#8220;Bruce the Dental Health Moose.&#8221;</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/CarmenNobel">@carmennobel</a></p> <p><strong><a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="mailto:Denise-Marie_Ordway@hks.harvard.edu" target="_blank">Denise-Marie Ordway</a></strong>, <strong>managing editor</strong>. She joined <em>The Journalist’s Resource</em> in 2015 after reporting for newspapers and radio stations in the U.S. and Central America, including the <em>Orlando Sentinel </em>and <em>Philadelphia Inquirer</em>. She received various national, regional and state-level journalism awards and, in 2013, was named as a Pulitzer Prize finalist for an investigative series she led. Ordway, a 2014-15 Fellow of Harvard’s Nieman Foundation for Journalism, serves on the board of directors to the national Education Writers Association. She attended Daytona Beach Community College, going on to earn a bachelor&#8217;s degree in communication from the University of North Florida and a master&#8217;s degree in higher education from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Ordway grew up in Oak Hill, Florida. An interesting fact: Ordway wrote and sold a screenplay about abolitionist John Brown and his attempt in 1859 to start an armed revolt of enslaved people by raiding the national armory in Harpers Ferry. <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://twitter.com/deniseordway" target="_blank">@deniseordway</a></p> <p><strong><a href="mailto:clark_merrefield@hks.harvard.edu">Clark Merrefield</a></strong>, <strong>senior editor, economics</strong> <strong>and legal systems</strong>. He joined <em>The Journalist’s Resource </em>in 2019 after working as a reporter for <em>Newsweek</em> and <em>The Daily Beast</em>, as a researcher and editor on three books related to the Great Recession, and as a federal government communications strategist. He was a John Jay College Juvenile Justice Journalism Fellow and his work has been awarded by Investigative Reporters and Editors. Merrefield earned a bachelor&#8217;s degree in industrial and labor relations from Cornell University and a master&#8217;s degree from the Craig Newmark Graduate School of Journalism. He grew up in the St. George neighborhood of Staten Island, New York. An interesting fact: Merrefield played trombone in the 1999 New York Yankees championship parade. <a href="https://twitter.com/cmerref">@cmerref</a></p> <p><strong><a href="mailto:naseem_miller@hks.harvard.edu">Naseem Miller</a></strong>, <strong>senior editor, health</strong>. She joined <em>The Journalist’s Resource</em> in 2021 after working as a health reporter in local newspapers and national medical trade publications for nearly two decades. Before joining <em>JR</em>, she was a senior health reporter at the <em>Orlando Sentinel</em>, where she covered the Pulse nightclub mass shooting and was part of the team that was a 2016 Pulitzer Prize finalist for its coverage of the tragedy. In 2017, she co-started the Journalists Covering Trauma Facebook group as a gathering place for reporters and editors and an information resource about journalists&#8217; mental health and responsible reporting of tragedies. She graduated from the University of Central Florida with a bachelor&#8217;s degree in molecular and microbiology and later earned a master&#8217;s degree in journalism at American University. An interesting fact: Miller enjoys working on intricate crochet projects in her spare time, a skill she learned from her grandmother. <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/naseemmiller.bsky.social">@naseemmiller.bsky.social</a>.</p> <p><strong>Nancy Gibbs</strong>, director of the Shorenstein Center and the Edward R. Murrow Professor of Practice of Press, Politics and Public Policy.&nbsp;Until September 2017, she was editor-in-chief of TIME, directing news and feature coverage across all platforms for more than 65 million readers worldwide, as well as editorial director of the Time Inc. News Group.&nbsp;Gibbs was named TIME’s 17th editor in September 2013, the first woman to hold the position, and remains an editor at large.</p> <p><strong>Thomas E. Patterson</strong>, Bradlee Professor of Government and the Press. He is the founder of <em>The Journalist&#8217;s Resource </em>and author of the 2013 book <a href="http://www.randomhouse.com/book/228197/informing-the-news-by-thomas-e-patterson"><em>Informing the News: The Need for Knowledge-Based Journalism</em></a>. His earlier book on the media’s political role, <em>Out of Order</em>, received the American Political Science Association’s Graber Award as the best book of the decade in political communication. His book <em>The Vanishing Voter</em> looked at the causes and consequences of electoral participation.&nbsp;<a href="https://twitter.com/tompharvard" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">@tompharvard</a></p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Testimonials:</strong></h3> <p>We receive feedback nearly every day about <em>The</em> <em>Journalist’s Resource</em>; here are a few testimonials from people who have found value in our resources:</p> <p><em>&#8220;I just wanted to express my thanks for this consistently useful newsletter. I am a member of several professional organizations and The Journalist&#8217;s Resource has definitely risen to the top. I very much appreciate&nbsp;the work and thought done by the people of this organization. Though my beat is science and solutions, I find that I learn how to do my job better, each time I read one of your emails.&#8221;</em> &#8212; <strong>Jenny Morber</strong>, freelance journalist</p> <p><em>&#8220;Journalists love data and research but are notoriously strapped for time. Our reporters in particular have taken on assignments for this project in addition to their existing, full workloads. Through their journalist research briefs, The Journalist&#8217;s Resource at the Shorenstein Center has been a critical resource to help fill in the gaps and strengthen the quality of the reporters’ mental health coverage. Our partners have pitched an array of topics and somehow the center has been able to provide resources for nearly all of them, along with producing new briefs for our upcoming websites. We are greatly appreciative of all the help they’ve given the team.&#8221;</em>—<strong>Nora Fleming</strong>, newsroom collaborative manager, Mental Health Parity Collaborative</p> <p><em>&#8220;There is no site I’d rather discuss my research with than The Journalist’s Resource. The writers ask insightful questions, always with an eye towards a broader audience and translating research findings into tangible actions and solutions. Whenever JR writes about my research, I know that other media outlets and interested groups will soon be in touch. I also regularly assign their articles in my classes! I’m so glad that JR exists, and always look forward to speaking with them again.&#8221;</em> &#8212; <strong>Joshua Darr</strong>, associate professor of political communication at Syracuse University</p> <p><em>&#8220;The Journalist&#8217;s Resource is a necessary bridge between academic research and journalism. Journalists, especially those working in local news, are hungry for data on deadline and need information to contextualize what&#8217;s happening in their communities. News&nbsp;organizations are critical to helping&nbsp;bring the knowledge generated in academia to a broader audience. JR facilitates a critical partnership for healthier, more informed communities.&#8221;</em> &#8212; <strong>Leah Todd</strong>, Local Media Project team and New England region manager, Solutions Journalism Network</p> <p><em>&#8220;The tip sheets and other services The Journalist&#8217;s Resource provides have helped our reporters and editors tackle complex topics in which&nbsp;they may not previously have been immersed. And that&#8217;s a fundamental predicament for journalists who can wake up to a completely new and urgent subject every day. As the speed of the news cycle has accelerated, this has become a bigger problem for newsrooms. The Journalist&#8217;s Resource has responded with prescient prep work on emerging topics and timely response when news breaks. It&#8217;s like having a newsroom librarian, an ethicist, and a veteran journalist with encyclopedic expertise on a niche topic again, even though all of those things have long been missing from many depleted newsrooms.&nbsp; Most of all, Journalist&#8217;s Resource helps us build trust in our reporting by flagging common pitfalls in reporting on particular topics, helping us improve accuracy and bring context and nuance on deadline.&#8221;</em> – <strong>Matt DeRienzo</strong>, former editor-in-chief, The Center for Public Integrity</p> <p><em>“I work regularly with journalists and researchers and I find&nbsp;The Journalist’s Resource&nbsp;to be an asset for both. By creating an understanding of what journalists need to know (and what researchers need to tell them), this endeavor is a big step toward helping restore public trust in both journalism and science.”</em> &#8212; <strong>Jolie Breeden</strong>, lead educator and science communicator, Natural Hazards Center </p> <p><em>&#8220;The journalists working in our small newsroom are expected to report on a wide range of topics that touch our readers&#8217; lives. I tell my staff it&#8217;s OK to admit that we lack knowledge about an issue, but it&#8217;s indefensible to be satisfied with not knowing. It&#8217;s our job to find out, and the staff at Journalist&#8217;s Resource have become invaluable collaborators in helping us understand complex topics. Together, we have undertaken ambitious coverage of timely societal issues, such as how to best support people in recovery from opioid addiction and how increased access to gender confirmation surgeries affects transgender youth.&nbsp;&nbsp;Working with Journalist&#8217;s Resource has helped us elevate our coverage from anecdotal to scientific. We, as journalists, are trained to find interesting stories, but finding and understanding high-quality research is a skill unto itself. The Journalist&#8217;s Resource reporters have proven to be adept at corralling that research and conveying it in an understandable way. Our credibility is built upon providing clear, accurate information. Journalist&#8217;s Resource has helped us strengthen that foundation.&#8221; &#8212; </em><strong>Emilie Stigliani</strong>, former executive editor, Burlington Free Press (now assistant managing editor of the Sacramento Bee)</p> <p>&#8220;<em>Journalist’s Resource is invaluable. It is the single best resource I know for summarized, contextualized, and curated content for researchers as well as journalists. Carmen Nobel is a prescient trend-spotter, always providing resources just as the need for them arises; she has her finger on the pulse of the world.</em>&#8221; &#8212; <strong>Sandra Sucher</strong>, the MBA Class of 1966 Professor of Management Practice&nbsp;at Harvard Business School</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-twitter wp-block-embed-twitter"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-width="550" data-dnt="true"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Just want to say: I really appreciate the <a href="https://twitter.com/JournoResource?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@JournoResource</a> emails. Thank you for your work.</p>&mdash; Carla Murphy (@carlamurphy) <a href="https://twitter.com/carlamurphy/status/1232354743399469056?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">February 25, 2020</a></blockquote><script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div></figure> <p><em>“I love your site. I organize my course around students’ finding their own study and research topic, and that’s where they look at what you have posted on your site. They then write an inverted pyramid news story about the study’s findings. From there they expand their topic and write a short feature and an in-depth feature.”</em> &#8212; <strong>Janet Mizrahi</strong>, lecturer, UC Santa Barbara writing program</p> <p><em>“Your syllabus has proved quite helpful — I’m a happy user. I’ve synthesized it liberally with other sources, including a syllabus from a Baruch colleague, and my own concepts from a 45-year career at&nbsp;</em>The New York Times<em>.”</em> &#8212; <strong>Ralph Blumenthal</strong>, distinguished lecturer at Baruch College, City University of New York</p> <p><em>“I’ve found </em>Journalist’s Resource<em> to be a great tool, both as a reporter and now teaching at Stonehill. And the help I’ve gotten from the folks when I’ve been hunting for information has been terrific.”</em> &#8212; <strong>Maureen Boyle</strong>, director of the journalism program at Stonehill College</p> </div><!-- .entry-content .clear --> </article><!-- #post-## --> </main><!-- #main --> </div><!-- #primary --> <div class="widget-area secondary" id="secondary" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPSideBar" itemscope="itemscope"> <div class="sidebar-main" > <aside id="nav_menu-6" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><nav class="menu-research-container" aria-label="Menu"><ul id="menu-research" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-65886" class="jr-link-button menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65886"><a href="/type/know-your-research/" class="menu-link">Know Your Research</a><span class="jr-menu-item-description">Tip sheets and explainers to help journalists understand academic research methods; find and recognize high-quality research; investigate scientific misconduct and research errors; and avoid missteps when reporting on new studies and public opinion polls</span></li> </ul></nav></aside><aside id="nav_menu-12" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><h2 class="widget-title">Email Newsletter</h2><nav class="menu-email-subscribe-container" aria-label="Email Newsletter"><ul id="menu-email-subscribe" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-65968" class="jr-link-button jr-icon-button dashicons-email dashicons-before menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-65968"><a href="/#email-subscribe" class="menu-link">Subscribe. It&#8217;s free!</a><span class="jr-menu-item-description">Sign up for our free newsletter! You&rsquo;ll receive a weekly update of important new resources to inform your news coverage and consumption.</span></li> </ul></nav></aside><aside id="listcategorypostswidget-2" class="widget widget_listcategorypostswidget"><h2 class="widget-title">Editors&#8217; Picks</h2><div id="category-posts-4-internal" class="category-posts-internal"><article class="cat-post-item has-post-thumbnail"><div class="jr-post-intro-container jr-sidebar-post-item"><div class="jr-sidebar-post-img"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/education/chronic-absenteeism-school-nurses-research/" title="How school nurses can help fight chronic absenteeism"><img width="728" height="484" src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/nurse-2-728x484.png" class="lcp_thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="How school nurses can help fight chronic absenteeism" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a></a></div><div class="jr-post-intro-text"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-category-meta"><span class="cat-links"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/education/" rel="category tag">Education</a>, <a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/" rel="category tag">Health</a></span></div><h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/education/chronic-absenteeism-school-nurses-research/">How school nurses can help fight chronic absenteeism</a></h3><div class="entry-meta"><span class="cat-post-date post-date"> November 20, 2024</span></div></header><div class="entry-content"><p class="entry-content">In this research-based explainer, we examine the rise in chronic student absenteeism in recent years and the various ways school nurses, an underutilized resource in the push to improve attendance, can help. </p></div></div></div></article><article class="cat-post-item has-post-thumbnail"><div class="jr-post-intro-container jr-sidebar-post-item"><div class="jr-sidebar-post-img"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/ranked-choice-voting/" title="Ranked choice voting: An explainer and 3 tips for reporters"><img width="728" height="484" src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-728x484.jpeg" class="lcp_thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Ranked choice voting: An explainer and 3 tips for reporters" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-728x484.jpeg 728w, https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-300x200.jpeg 300w, https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-768x512.jpeg 768w, https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/AdobeStock_750747952-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 728px) 100vw, 728px" /></a></a></div><div class="jr-post-intro-text"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-category-meta"><span class="cat-links"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/" rel="category tag">Politics &amp; Government</a></span></div><h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/ranked-choice-voting/">Ranked choice voting: An explainer and 3 tips for reporters</a></h3><div class="entry-meta"><span class="cat-post-date post-date"> October 30, 2024</span></div></header><div class="entry-content"><p class="entry-content">Dozens of municipalities and two states have adopted ranked choice voting in recent years, and the system is on the ballot in six states and Washington, D.C. this November. Here&#8217;s the recent research you need to know to enhance your coverage. </p></div></div></div></article><article class="cat-post-item has-post-thumbnail"><div class="jr-post-intro-container jr-sidebar-post-item"><div class="jr-sidebar-post-img"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/mifepristone-research-roundup/" title="Abortion pill mifepristone: An explainer and research roundup about its history, safety and future"><img width="728" height="484" src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/Mifepristone-728x484.jpeg" class="lcp_thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="Abortion pill mifepristone: An explainer and research roundup about its history, safety and future" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a></a></div><div class="jr-post-intro-text"><header class="entry-header"><div class="entry-category-meta"><span class="cat-links"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/criminal-justice/" rel="category tag">Criminal Justice</a>, <a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/" rel="category tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://journalistsresource.org/politics-and-government/" rel="category tag">Politics &amp; Government</a>, <a href="https://journalistsresource.org/race-and-gender/" rel="category tag">Race &amp; Gender</a></span></div><h3 class="entry-title"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/health/mifepristone-research-roundup/">Abortion pill mifepristone: An explainer and research roundup about its history, safety and future</a></h3><div class="entry-meta"><span class="cat-post-date post-date"> June 13, 2024</span></div></header><div class="entry-content"><p class="entry-content">With abortion-related measures on the ballot in several states, journalistic coverage of the topic has never been more crucial. This piece aims to help inform the narrative on medication abortion with scientific evidence. </p></div></div></div></article></div></aside> </div><!-- .sidebar-main --> </div><!-- #secondary --> </div> <!-- ast-container --> </div><!-- #content --> <div class="astra-advanced-hook-65746 "> <aside class="wp-block-uagb-section uagb-section__wrap uagb-section__background-image uagb-block-14618354 jr-dark-bg jr-email-row" id="email-subscribe"><div class="uagb-section__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-section__inner-wrap"> <section class="wp-block-uagb-columns uagb-columns__wrap uagb-columns__background-undefined uagb-columns__stack-tablet uagb-columns__valign-undefined uagb-columns__gap-10 alignundefined uagb-block-3050eb50"><div class="uagb-columns__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-columns__inner-wrap uagb-columns__columns-3"> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-e642296e"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-column__inner-wrap"> <h2 class="has-white-color has-text-color wp-block-heading" style="font-size:37px">Sign up to receive a weekly e-mail newsletter from The Journalist's Resource.</h2> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-ed38c2fb"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-column__inner-wrap"> <!-- START FORM --> <style> #success { display: none; font-weight: bold; color: #ffffff; } #success:target { display: block; } .g-recaptcha > div { margin: 1rem 0; } .captchaHelp, .wFormHeader { text-align: center; } .lengthIndicator { visibility: hidden; height: 0px; } </style> <script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/enterprise.js?onload=gCaptchaReadyCallback&render=explicit&hl=en_US' async defer></script> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.6.0.min.js" integrity="sha256-/xUj+3OJU5yExlq6GSYGSHk7tPXikynS7ogEvDej/m4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <p id="success">Thank you for subscribing.</p> <script> function gCaptchaReadyCallback() { grecaptcha.enterprise.render('g-recaptcha-render-div', { 'sitekey': '6LfMg_EaAAAAAMhDNLMlgqDChzmtYHlx1yU2y7GI', 'theme': 'light', 'size': 'normal', 'callback': 'recaptchaCallback', 'expired-callback': 'recaptchaCallback' }); }; function recaptchaCallback() { var response = grecaptcha.enterprise.getResponse(); var submitButton = document.getElementById("submit_button"); if (response.length > 0) { submitButton.disabled = false; } else { submitButton.disabled = true; } }; jQuery( document ).ready(function() { document.getElementById("tfa_17").value = window.location.origin + window.location.pathname + window.location.search; // Hide form is response was successful if (jQuery("#success").css("display") == "block") { jQuery("#87").hide(); jQuery(".privacy-msg").hide(); }; jQuery("#submit_button").click(function(event) { if (event.detail == 1 && jQuery("#tfa_1").val() && jQuery("#tfa_2").val() && jQuery("#tfa_3").val()) { jQuery("#submit_button")[0].value = "Submitting..."; jQuery("#submit_button")[0].disabled = true; jQuery("#87")[0].submit(); } }); }); </script> <form action="https://hksexeced.tfaforms.net/responses/processor" id="87" method="post" role="form" class="jr-email-form"> <label for="tfa_1" id="tfa_1-L">Email address</label> <input aria-required="true" id="tfa_1" name="tfa_1" required="" title="Email address" type="email" value=""/> <label for="tfa_2" id="tfa_2-L">First name</label> <input aria-required="true" id="tfa_2" maxlength="40" name="tfa_2" required="" title="First name" type="text" value=""/> <label for="tfa_3" id="tfa_3-L">Last name</label> <input aria-required="true" id="tfa_3" maxlength="80" name="tfa_3" required="" title="Last name" type="text" value=""/> <!--Google reCAPTCHA --> <div id="g-recaptcha-render-div" class="g-recaptcha"></div> <input disabled="true" id="submit_button" type="submit" value="Submit"/> <!-- COMMUNICATION PREFERENCES --> <input id="tfa_16" name="tfa_16" type="hidden" value="Shorenstein_Opt_in__c; Shorenstein_JR__c"/> <input id="tfa_17" name="tfa_17" type="hidden" value=""/> <input id="tfa_dbFormId" name="tfa_dbFormId" type="hidden" value="87"/> <input id="tfa_dbResponseId" name="tfa_dbResponseId" type="hidden" value=""/> <input id="tfa_dbControl" name="tfa_dbControl" type="hidden" value="4bb3ea753a64808931072795c4b196b4"/> <input id="tfa_dbVersionId" name="tfa_dbVersionId" type="hidden" value="35"/> <input id="tfa_switchedoff" name="tfa_switchedoff" type="hidden" value=""/> </form> <!-- END FORM --> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-11948d5d"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-column__inner-wrap"> <p class="privacy-msg">Harvard Kennedy School is committed to protecting your personal information. By completing this form, you agree to receive communications from The Journalist's Resource and to allow HKS to store your data. HKS will never sell your email address or other information to a third party. All communications will include the opportunity to unsubscribe.</p> </div></div> </div></section> </div></aside> </div> <footer class="ast-custom-footer" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter"> <div class="astra-advanced-hook-65745 "> <footer class="wp-block-uagb-section uagb-section__wrap uagb-section__background-color uagb-block-3c49234d"><div class="uagb-section__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-section__inner-wrap"> <div class="wp-block-uagb-columns uagb-columns__wrap uagb-columns__background-none uagb-columns__stack-mobile uagb-columns__valign- uagb-columns__gap-5 align uagb-block-a722a474 uagb-columns__columns-2 uagb-columns__max_width-theme"><div class="uagb-columns__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-columns__inner-wrap uagb-columns__columns-2"> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-4cb0859c"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div> <figure class="wp-block-image is-resized size-large"><a href="https://shorensteincenter.org/"><img src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/shorenstein-center-logo.svg" alt="Shorenstein Center Logo" class="wp-image-65261" width="272" height="56"/><span class="sr-only">Harvard Kennedy School's Shorenstein Center</span></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-fdb05fa6"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div> <p>A project of Harvard Kennedy School's <a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://shorensteincenter.org/">Shorenstein Center</a>, <em>The</em> <i>Journalist’s Resource</i> curates, summarizes and contextualizes high-quality research on newsy public policy topics. We are supported by generous grants from the <a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://www.carnegie.org/">Carnegie Corporation of New York</a>, the <a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://www.rwjf.org/">Robert Wood Johnson Foundation</a>, <a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://www.nihcm.org/grants/journalism-grants/">The National Institute for Health Care Management (NIHCM) Foundation</a>, <a data-wpel-link="external" href="https://www.luminafoundation.org/">Lumina Foundation</a>, and individual contributors. </p> <p><div class="footer-menu"><ul id="menu-custom-footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-66061" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-66061"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/" class="menu-link">Home</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66060" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-5515 current_page_item menu-item-66060"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/about-journalists-resource/" aria-current="page" class="menu-link">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66059" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-66059"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/donate-journalists-resource/" class="menu-link">How to make a donation to The Journalist&#8217;s Resource</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66062" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66062"><a href="https://feeds.feedburner.com/journalistsresource" class="menu-link">RSS</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66064" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-jr2020_article_types menu-item-66064"><a href="https://journalistsresource.org/type/know-your-research/" class="menu-link">Know Your Research</a></li> <li id="menu-item-66063" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-66063"><a href="https://gdpr.harvard.edu/eeaprivacydisclosures" class="menu-link">EU/EEA Privacy Disclosures</a></li> </ul></div></p> </div> </div></div> <hr class="wp-block-separator has-text-color has-jr-warm-gray-color has-css-opacity has-jr-warm-gray-background-color has-background is-style-wide"/> <div class="wp-block-uagb-columns uagb-columns__wrap uagb-columns__background-none uagb-columns__stack-mobile uagb-columns__valign- uagb-columns__gap-5 align uagb-block-50880106 uagb-columns__columns-3 uagb-columns__max_width-theme"><div class="uagb-columns__overlay"></div><div class="uagb-columns__inner-wrap uagb-columns__columns-3"> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-521efa50"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div> <p class="jr-social-action-label alignleft">Find us:</p> <ul class="wp-block-social-links is-style-logos-only jr-style-logos-only is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"> <li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-facebook jr-facebook wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/journalistsresource/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12 2C6.5 2 2 6.5 2 12c0 5 3.7 9.1 8.4 9.9v-7H7.9V12h2.5V9.8c0-2.5 1.5-3.9 3.8-3.9 1.1 0 2.2.2 2.2.2v2.5h-1.3c-1.2 0-1.6.8-1.6 1.6V12h2.8l-.4 2.9h-2.3v7C18.3 21.1 22 17 22 12c0-5.5-4.5-10-10-10z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">JR on Facebook</span></a></li> <li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-twitter jr-twitter wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://twitter.com/JournoResource" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M22.23,5.924c-0.736,0.326-1.527,0.547-2.357,0.646c0.847-0.508,1.498-1.312,1.804-2.27 c-0.793,0.47-1.671,0.812-2.606,0.996C18.324,4.498,17.257,4,16.077,4c-2.266,0-4.103,1.837-4.103,4.103 c0,0.322,0.036,0.635,0.106,0.935C8.67,8.867,5.647,7.234,3.623,4.751C3.27,5.357,3.067,6.062,3.067,6.814 c0,1.424,0.724,2.679,1.825,3.415c-0.673-0.021-1.305-0.206-1.859-0.513c0,0.017,0,0.034,0,0.052c0,1.988,1.414,3.647,3.292,4.023 c-0.344,0.094-0.707,0.144-1.081,0.144c-0.264,0-0.521-0.026-0.772-0.074c0.522,1.63,2.038,2.816,3.833,2.85 c-1.404,1.1-3.174,1.756-5.096,1.756c-0.331,0-0.658-0.019-0.979-0.057c1.816,1.164,3.973,1.843,6.29,1.843 c7.547,0,11.675-6.252,11.675-11.675c0-0.178-0.004-0.355-0.012-0.531C20.985,7.47,21.68,6.747,22.23,5.924z"></path></svg><span class="wp-block-social-link-label screen-reader-text">JR on Twitter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-d4101f9f"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/"><img src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/by-nd.svg" alt="Creative Commons BY ND" class="wp-image-65262" style="width:88px;height:31px"/></a></figure> </div> <div class="wp-block-uagb-column uagb-column__wrap uagb-column__background-undefined uagb-block-85fbd837"><div class="uagb-column__overlay"></div> <p class="creative-commons">Unless otherwise noted, this site and its contents – with the exception of photographs – are licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/" data-wpel-link="external">Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)</a> license. That means you are free to republish our content both online and in print, and we encourage you to do so via the “republish this article” button. We only ask that you follow <a href="/republishing-guidelines/" data-wpel-link="internal">a few basic guidelines</a>.</p> </div> </div></div> </div></footer> </div> </footer> </div><!-- #page --> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-css' href='https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/plugins/astra-addon/addons/nav-menu/assets/css/minified/magamenu-frontend.min.css?ver=4.5.2' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-inline-css'> .ast-desktop .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65811 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65811 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66014 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66014 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-66015 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-66015 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-69679 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-69679 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65813 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65813 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65816 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65816 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65814 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65814 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65817 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65817 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65830 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65830 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65815 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65815 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65909 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65909 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-65888 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-65888 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;} </style> <script id="astra-theme-js-js-extra"> var astra = {"break_point":"1040","isRtl":"","is_scroll_to_id":"","is_scroll_to_top":"","is_header_footer_builder_active":"","edit_post_url":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/wp-admin\/post.php?post={{id}}&action=edit","ajax_url":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","infinite_count":"2","infinite_total":"0","pagination":"number","infinite_scroll_event":"scroll","no_more_post_message":"No more posts to show.","grid_layout":"1","site_url":"https:\/\/journalistsresource.org","show_comments":"Show Comments","masonryEnabled":"","blogMasonryBreakPoint":"921","blogArchiveTitleLayout":""}; </script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/style.min.js?ver=4.1.6" id="astra-theme-js-js"></script> <script id="astra-addon-js-js-extra"> var astraAddon = {"sticky_active":"1","svgIconClose":"<span class=\"ast-icon icon-close\"><\/span>","hook_sticky_footer":"","hook_sticky_footer_on_devices":"desktop","hook_custom_footer_break_point":"921","header_main_stick":"inherit","header_above_stick":"inherit","header_below_stick":"inherit","stick_header_meta":"","header_main_stick_meta":"","header_above_stick_meta":"","header_below_stick_meta":"","sticky_header_on_devices":"desktop","sticky_header_style":"none","sticky_hide_on_scroll":"inherit","break_point":"1040","tablet_break_point":"921","mobile_break_point":"544","header_main_shrink":"1","header_logo_width":"","responsive_header_logo_width":{"desktop":"450","tablet":"400","mobile":"271"},"stick_origin_position":"","site_layout":"","site_content_width":"1355","site_layout_padded_width":"1200","site_layout_box_width":"1200","header_builder_active":"","component_limit":"10","is_header_builder_active":""}; </script> <script src="https://journalistsresource.org/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-658239cb8fc590-85810591.js?ver=4.5.2" id="astra-addon-js-js"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-0f091c2a020ced4bcf7","applicationID":"803915885","transactionName":"bwZWY0VXWBJRUUENDVZMdVRDX1kPH0JUAwc=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":706,"atts":"Q0FVFQ1NSxw=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10