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class="vector-toc-text"> 1 20世纪获奖者 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-20世纪获奖者-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关20世纪获奖者子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-20世纪获奖者-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1901年至1950年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1901年至1950年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 1901年至1950年 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1901年至1950年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1951年至2000年" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1951年至2000年"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 1951年至2000年 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1951年至2000年-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21世纪获奖者" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21世纪获奖者"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 21世纪获奖者 </div> </a> <button 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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主列表</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。51种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" > 51种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_f%C3%BCr_Physiologie_oder_Medizin" title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physiologie oder Medizin – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physiologie oder Medizin" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D8%A3%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%88%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B9%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="قائمة الحاصلين على جائزة نوبل في الطب أو علم وظائف الأعضاء – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قائمة الحاصلين على جائزة نوبل في الطب أو علم وظائف الأعضاء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8" title="ليستة جوايز نوبل فى الطب – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليستة جوايز نوبل فى الطب" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%27%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%80_(%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%94%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%A7)" title="ন'বেল বঁটা বিজয়ী (শৰীৰবিজ্ঞান বা ঔষধ) – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ন'বেল বঁটা বিজয়ী (শৰীৰবিজ্ঞান বা ঔষধ)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiziologiya_v%C9%99_ya_tibb_%C3%BCzr%C9%99_Nobel_m%C3%BCkafat%C4%B1_laureatlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_siyah%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Fiziologiya və ya tibb üzrə Nobel mükafatı laureatlarının siyahısı – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fiziologiya və ya tibb üzrə Nobel mükafatı laureatlarının siyahısı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Спіс лаўрэатаў Нобелеўскай прэміі па фізіялогіі і медыцыне – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Спіс лаўрэатаў Нобелеўскай прэміі па фізіялогіі і медыцыне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%8E%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="চিকিৎসাবিজ্ঞানে নোবেল বিজয়ীদের তালিকা – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চিকিৎসাবিজ্ঞানে নোবেল বিজয়ীদের তালিকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisak_dobitnika_Nobelove_nagrade_za_fiziologiju_ili_medicinu" title="Spisak dobitnika Nobelove nagrade za fiziologiju ili medicinu – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Spisak dobitnika Nobelove nagrade za fiziologiju ili medicinu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llista_de_guardonats_amb_el_Premi_Nobel_de_Fisiologia_o_Medicina" title="Llista de guardonats amb el Premi Nobel de Fisiologia o Medicina – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llista de guardonats amb el Premi Nobel de Fisiologia o Medicina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%DA%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%86%D8%A8%DB%8E%D9%84_%D9%84%DB%95_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%84%DB%86%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="پێڕستی وەرگرانی خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێڕستی وەرگرانی خەڵاتی نۆبێل لە فیزیۆلۆژیا یان پزیشکی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seznam_nositel%C5%AF_Nobelovy_ceny_za_fyziologii_a_l%C3%A9ka%C5%99stv%C3%AD" title="Seznam nositelů Nobelovy ceny za fyziologii a lékařství – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Seznam nositelů Nobelovy ceny za fyziologii a lékařství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_der_Nobelpreistr%C3%A4ger_f%C3%BCr_Physiologie_oder_Medizin" title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physiologie oder Medizin – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Liste der Nobelpreisträger für Physiologie oder Medizin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%92%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9D%CF%8C%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%BB_%CE%A6%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Κατάλογος αποδεκτών Βραβείου Νόμπελ Φυσιολογίας και Ιατρικής – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατάλογος αποδεκτών Βραβείου Νόμπελ Φυσιολογίας και Ιατρικής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_laureates_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="List of Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q51759403 badge-goodlist mw-list-item" title="优良列表"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anexo:Ganadores_del_Premio_Nobel_de_Fisiolog%C3%ADa_o_Medicina" title="Anexo:Ganadores del Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anexo:Ganadores del Premio Nobel de Fisiología o Medicina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zerrenda:Medikuntzako_Nobel_Saria" title="Zerrenda:Medikuntzako Nobel Saria – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zerrenda:Medikuntzako Nobel Saria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%87_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C_%D9%88_%D9%BE%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="فهرست برندگان جایزه نوبل فیزیولوژی و پزشکی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فهرست برندگان جایزه نوبل فیزیولوژی و پزشکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luettelo_Nobelin_fysiologian_tai_l%C3%A4%C3%A4ketieteen_palkinnon_saaneista" title="Luettelo Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinnon saaneista – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luettelo Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinnon saaneista" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D6%86%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%86%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%83%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%AB%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF" title="Բժշկության կամ ֆիզիոլոգիայի Նոբելյան մրցանակի դափնեկիրների ցանկ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բժշկության կամ ֆիզիոլոգիայի Նոբելյան մրցանակի դափնեկիրների ցանկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appendice:Lista_de_laureatos_del_Premio_Nobel_pro_Physiologia_o_Medicina" title="Appendice:Lista de laureatos del Premio Nobel pro Physiologia o Medicina – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Appendice:Lista de laureatos del Premio Nobel pro Physiologia o Medicina" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daftar_penerima_Nobel_Fisiologi_atau_Kedokteran" title="Daftar penerima Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daftar penerima Nobel Fisiologi atau Kedokteran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listo_di_Nobel-laureati_pri_fiziologio_o_medicino" title="Listo di Nobel-laureati pri fiziologio o medicino – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Listo di Nobel-laureati pri fiziologio o medicino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincitori_del_premio_Nobel_per_la_medicina" title="Vincitori del premio Nobel per la medicina – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vincitori del premio Nobel per la medicina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98" title="ნობელის პრემიის ლაურეატები ფიზიოლოგიასა და მედიცინაში – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნობელის პრემიის ლაურეატები ფიზიოლოგიასა და მედიცინაში" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96" title="Физиология немесе медицина саласында Нобель сыйлығы лауреаттарының тізімі – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Физиология немесе медицина саласында Нобель сыйлығы лауреаттарының тізімі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EC%83%9D%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%C2%B7%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="노벨 생리학·의학상 수상자 목록 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="노벨 생리학·의학상 수상자 목록" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AEsteya_Xelatgir%C3%AAn_Nobela_Bij%C3%AE%C5%9Fkiy%C3%AA" title="Lîsteya Xelatgirên Nobela Bijîşkiyê – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Lîsteya Xelatgirên Nobela Bijîşkiyê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ABscht_vun_de_Laureate_vum_Nobelpr%C3%A4is_fir_Physiologie_oder_Medezin" title="Lëscht vun de Laureate vum Nobelpräis fir Physiologie oder Medezin – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Lëscht vun de Laureate vum Nobelpräis fir Physiologie oder Medezin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lies_vaan_Nobelprieswinners_(geneeskunde)" title="Lies vaan Nobelprieswinners (geneeskunde) – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Lies vaan Nobelprieswinners (geneeskunde)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobela_pr%C4%93mijas_laure%C4%81ti_fiziolo%C4%A3ij%C4%81_vai_medic%C4%ABn%C4%81" title="Nobela prēmijas laureāti fizioloģijā vai medicīnā – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nobela prēmijas laureāti fizioloģijā vai medicīnā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3_%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82" title="വൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രത്തിനുള്ള നോബൽ സമ്മാനം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൈദ്യശാസ്ത്രത്തിനുള്ള നോബൽ സമ്മാനം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senarai_penerima_Hadiah_Nobel_dalam_Fisiologi_atau_Perubatan" title="Senarai penerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Senarai penerima Hadiah Nobel dalam Fisiologi atau Perubatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_over_nobelprisvinnere_i_fysiologi_eller_medisin" title="Liste over nobelprisvinnere i fysiologi eller medisin – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Liste over nobelprisvinnere i fysiologi eller medisin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A8mi_Nobel_de_Fisiologia_o_Medecina" title="Prèmi Nobel de Fisiologia o Medecina – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Prèmi Nobel de Fisiologia o Medecina" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87_%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B2_%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95_%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE" title="ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବିଜ୍ଞାନରେ ନୋବେଲ ବିଜେତାଙ୍କ ତାଲିକା – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଚିକିତ୍ସା ବିଜ୍ଞାନରେ ନୋବେଲ ବିଜେତାଙ୍କ ତାଲିକା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laureaci_Nagrody_Nobla_w_dziedzinie_fizjologii_lub_medycyny" title="Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizjologii lub medycyny – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Laureaci Nagrody Nobla w dziedzinie fizjologii lub medycyny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%81%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%B9" title="نوبل انعام برائے فزیالوجی یا طب وصول کنندگان کی لسٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نوبل انعام برائے فزیالوجی یا طب وصول کنندگان کی لسٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laureados_com_o_Nobel_de_Fisiologia_ou_Medicina" title="Laureados com o Nobel de Fisiologia ou Medicina – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Laureados com o Nobel de Fisiologia ou Medicina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lista_laurea%C8%9Bilor_Premiului_Nobel_pentru_Fiziologie_sau_Medicin%C4%83" title="Lista laureaților Premiului Nobel pentru Fiziologie sau Medicină – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lista laureaților Premiului Nobel pentru Fiziologie sau Medicină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по физиологии или медицине – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по физиологии или медицине" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%95%D0%B0_%D1%8D%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D%D2%95%D1%8D_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%B8%D2%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%8D" title="Физиологияҕа эбэтэр мэдиссиинэҕэ Нобель бириэмийэтин лауреаттарын испииһэгэ – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Физиологияҕа эбэтэр мэдиссиинэҕэ Нобель бириэмийэтин лауреаттарын испииһэгэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spisak_dobitnika_Nobelove_nagrade_za_fiziologiju_ili_medicinu" title="Spisak dobitnika Nobelove nagrade za fiziologiju ili medicinu – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Spisak dobitnika Nobelove nagrade za fiziologiju ili medicinu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Prize_winners_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="List of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="List of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoznam_nosite%C4%BEov_Nobelovej_ceny_za_fyziol%C3%B3giu_alebo_medic%C3%ADnu" title="Zoznam nositeľov Nobelovej ceny za fyziológiu alebo medicínu – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zoznam nositeľov Nobelovej ceny za fyziológiu alebo medicínu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Списак добитника Нобелове награде за физиологију или медицину – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Списак добитника Нобелове награде за физиологију или медицину" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B2_%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE" title="వైద్యశాస్త్రంలో నోబెల్ గ్రహీతల జాబితా – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వైద్యశాస్త్రంలో నోబెల్ గ్రహీతల జాబితా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Fizyoloji_veya_T%C4%B1p_%C3%96d%C3%BCl%C3%BC_sahipleri_listesi" title="Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü sahipleri listesi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nobel Fizyoloji veya Tıp Ödülü sahipleri listesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B7_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Список лауреатів Нобелівської премії з фізіології або медицини – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Список лауреатів Нобелівської премії з фізіології або медицини" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%81%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88_%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%81%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="نوبل انعام برائے فعلیات و طب وصول کنندگان کی فہرست – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نوبل انعام برائے فعلیات و طب وصول کنندگان کی فہرست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17506997 badge-featuredlist mw-list-item" title="特色列表"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danh_s%C3%A1ch_ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_%C4%91o%E1%BA%A1t_gi%E1%BA%A3i_Nobel_Sinh_l%C3%BD_h%E1%BB%8Dc_ho%E1%BA%B7c_Y_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Danh sách người đoạt giải Nobel Sinh lý học hoặc Y học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Danh sách người đoạt giải Nobel Sinh lý học hoặc Y học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_sengleixhag_hoh_ywhag_ciengj" title="Nobel sengleixhag hoh ywhag ciengj – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Nobel sengleixhag hoh ywhag ciengj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5450499#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <div id="noteTA-4df71313" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Lifesciences"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-hant:羅伯·柯霍; zh-hans:罗伯特·科赫;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hant:埃黎耶·埃黎赫·梅契尼可夫; zh-hans:伊拉·伊里奇·梅契尼科夫;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:伊丽莎白·布莱克本; zh-hant:伊莉莎白·布雷克本;"></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NobelPrize.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/c/c2/NobelPrize.JPG/220px-NobelPrize.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/c/c2/NobelPrize.JPG/330px-NobelPrize.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/c/c2/NobelPrize.JPG/440px-NobelPrize.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="1156" /></a><figcaption>诺贝尔生理学或医学奖奖牌正面</figcaption></figure> 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主列表，是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</a>的得主列表。 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖于1901年首次颁发，得主是德国科学家<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%9E%97" title="埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林">埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林</a>。每一位获奖者都会得到一块<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%8E%E7%89%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="獎牌">奖牌</a>，一份获奖证书，以及一笔不菲的奖金，奖金的数额每年会有变化<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>。例如，1901年，冯·贝林得到的奖金为150,782<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%97" title="瑞典克朗">瑞典克朗</a>，相当于2008年12月的7,731,004瑞典克朗；而2008年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%A5%9A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B1%AA%E6%A3%AE" title="哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森">哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%9D%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94-%E8%A5%BF%E8%AF%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西">弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="吕克·蒙塔尼">吕克·蒙塔尼</a>分享了总数为一千万瑞典克朗的奖金（略多于100万<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%85%83" title="欧元">欧元</a>，或140万<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a>）<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a>。该奖于每年12月10日，即<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔">阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔</a>逝世周年纪念日，以隆重的仪式在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%91%A9" title="斯德哥尔摩">斯德哥尔摩</a>颁发<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a>。 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主的研究领域分布相当广。截至2021年，有8项奖被授予以<a href="/wiki/G%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="G蛋白">G蛋白</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E4%BF%A1%E4%BD%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="第二信使">第二信使</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%8A%E6%81%AF%E5%82%B3%E9%81%9E_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" title="訊息傳遞 (生物)">信号转导</a>领域的贡献，有15名获奖者来自<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="神经生物学">神经生物学</a>领域，而有13名则在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2" title="代谢">中间代谢</a>研究中做出贡献。1939年的获奖者，德国人<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="格哈德·多馬克">格哈德·多馬克</a>，被其政府禁止领奖。虽然后来他得到了奖牌和获奖证书，却没有得到奖金<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>。截至2024年，共有229人获得过诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。截至2024年，共有13位女性获得该奖项，人數僅次於19名的和平獎和18名的文學獎，是女性得主第三多的諾貝爾獎項，她们是<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C" title="格蒂·科里">格蒂·科里</a>（1947年）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E6%B4%9B" title="罗莎琳·萨斯曼·耶洛">罗莎琳·萨斯曼·耶洛</a>（1977年）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="巴巴拉·麦克林托克">巴巴拉·麦克林托克</a>（1983年）、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E7%BB%B4-%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%87%E5%B0%BC" title="丽塔·列维-蒙塔尔奇尼">丽塔·列维-蒙塔尔奇尼</a>（1986年）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%89%B9%E9%AD%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7B%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%88%A9%E6%81%A9" title="格特魯德·B·埃利恩">格特魯德·B·埃利恩</a>（1988年）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97-%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="克里斯汀·紐斯林-沃爾哈德">克里斯汀·紐斯林-沃爾哈德</a>（1995年）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%B3%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B" title="琳达·巴克">琳达·巴克</a>（2004年）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%9D%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94-%E8%A5%BF%E8%AF%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西">弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西</a>（2008年）、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%AC" title="伊丽莎白·布莱克本">伊丽莎白·布莱克本</a>（2009年）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="卡罗尔·格雷德">卡羅爾·格雷德</a>（2009年）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88-%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%BD" title="迈-布里特·莫泽">邁-布里特·莫澤</a>（2014年）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E5%91%A6%E5%91%A6" title="屠呦呦">屠呦呦</a>（2015年）、和<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E9%87%8C%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="考里科·卡塔林">考里科·卡塔林</a>（2023年）<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>。 该奖有9年因故停发（1915－1918年、1921年、1925年、1940－1942年），<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>，有5年延遲一年頒發（1914年、1922年、1926年、1938年、1943年）。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="20世纪获奖者">20世纪获奖者</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：20世纪获奖者">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1901年至1950年">1901年至1950年</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：1901年至1950年">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>年份 </th> <th colspan="2">获奖者<a href="#endnote_1">[A]</a> </th> <th>国籍<a href="#endnote_2">[B]</a> </th> <th>获奖原因<a href="#endnote_3">[C]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="">1901年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg/75px-Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg/113px-Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg/150px-Emil_von_Behring_sitzend.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1887" data-file-height="2717" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%9E%97" title="埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林">埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德國</a> </td> <td>“对<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B8%85" title="血清">血清</a>疗法的研究，特别是在治疗<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%96%89" title="白喉">白喉</a>应用上的贡献，由此开辟了医学领域研究的新途径，也因此使得医生手中有了对抗疾病和死亡的有力武器” "for his work on serum therapy, especially its application against diphtheria, by which he has opened a new road in the domain of medical science and thereby placed in the hands of the physician a victorious weapon against illness and deaths"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1901-7">[7]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1902年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_Ross.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ronald_Ross.jpg/75px-Ronald_Ross.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ronald_Ross.jpg/113px-Ronald_Ross.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ronald_Ross.jpg/150px-Ronald_Ross.jpg 2x" data-file-width="837" data-file-height="1189" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="罗纳德·罗斯">罗纳德·罗斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a>研究上的工作，由此显示了疟疾如何进入生物体，也因此为成功地研究这一疾病以及对抗这一疾病的方法奠定了基础” "for his work on malaria, by which he has shown how it enters the organism and thereby has laid the foundation for successful research on this disease and methods of combating it"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1902-8">[8]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1903年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg/75px-Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg/113px-Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg/150px-Niels_Ryberg_Finsen_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="718" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%90%95%E8%B4%9D%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%8A%AC%E6%A3%AE" title="尼尔斯·吕贝里·芬森">尼尔斯·吕贝里·芬森</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a> </td> <td>“在用集中的光辐射治疗疾病，特别是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%BB%E5%B8%B8%E7%8B%BC%E7%96%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寻常狼疮（页面不存在）">寻常狼疮</a>方面的贡献，由此开辟了医学研究的新途径” "[for] his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1903-9">[9]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1904年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg/75px-Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg/113px-Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg/150px-Ivan_Pavlov_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%87%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%94%AB%E6%B4%9B%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="伊万·巴甫洛夫">伊万·巴甫洛夫</a> </td> <td nowrap=""><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E5%8C%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="消化系统">消化</a>的生理学研究上的工作，这一主题的重要方面的知识由此被转化和扩增” "in recognition of his work on the physiology of digestion, through which knowledge on vital aspects of the subject has been transformed and enlarged"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1904-10">[10]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1905年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:RobertKoch_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/RobertKoch_cropped.jpg/75px-RobertKoch_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/RobertKoch_cropped.jpg/113px-RobertKoch_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/RobertKoch_cropped.jpg/150px-RobertKoch_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1462" data-file-height="2051" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E6%9F%AF%E9%9C%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="羅伯·柯霍">羅伯·柯霍</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德國</a> </td> <td>“对<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%A0%B8%E7%97%85" title="结核病">结核病</a>的相关研究和发现” "for his investigations and discoveries in relation to tuberculosis"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1905-11">[11]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1906年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg/75px-Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg/113px-Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg/150px-Camillo_Golgi_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%B1%B3%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA" title="卡米洛·高尔基">卡米洛·高尔基</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(1861%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941946%E5%B9%B4)" title="義大利王國 (1861年—1946年)">義大利王國</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="神经系统">神经系统</a>结构研究上的工作” "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1906-12">[12]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_(1852-1934)_portrait_(restored).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg/75px-Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg/113px-Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg/150px-Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal_%281852-1934%29_portrait_%28restored%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="2376" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A%E5%93%A5%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%92%99-%E5%8D%A1%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94" title="圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔">圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Spain_%281785%E2%80%931873%2C_1875%E2%80%931931%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD_(1874%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941931%E5%B9%B4)" title="西班牙王国 (1874年—1931年)">西班牙王國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1907年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:AlphonseLaveran.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/AlphonseLaveran.jpg/75px-AlphonseLaveran.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/AlphonseLaveran.jpg/113px-AlphonseLaveran.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/AlphonseLaveran.jpg/150px-AlphonseLaveran.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="391" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%96%B9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E9%9F%A6%E6%9C%97" title="夏尔·路易·阿方斯·拉韦朗">夏尔·路易·阿方斯·拉韦朗</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第三共和国">法国</a> </td> <td>“对<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="原生动物">原生动物</a>在致病中的作用的研究” "in recognition of his work on the role played by protozoa in causing diseases"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1907-13">[13]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1908年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg/75px-Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg/113px-Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg/150px-Ilya_Mechnikov_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%A5%91%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%AB" title="伊利亞·梅契尼可夫">伊利亞·梅契尼可夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="免疫系统">免疫性</a>研究上的工作” "in recognition of their work on immunity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1908-14">[14]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg/75px-Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg/113px-Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg/150px-Paul_Ehrlich_1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3123" data-file-height="4167" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%8C" title="保罗·埃尔利希">保罗·埃尔利希</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1909年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg/75px-Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg/113px-Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg/150px-Emil_Theodor_Kocher_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%A5%A7%E5%A4%9A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE" title="埃米爾·特奧多爾·科赫爾">埃米爾·特奧多爾·科赫爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td> <td>“对<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA" title="甲状腺">甲状腺</a>的生理学、病理学以及外科学上的研究” "for his work on the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid gland"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1909-15">[15]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1910年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Kossel,_Albrecht_(1853-1927).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg/75px-Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg/113px-Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg/150px-Kossel%2C_Albrecht_%281853-1927%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3424" data-file-height="4816" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔">阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281867%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德國</a> </td> <td>“通过对包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="核酸">细胞核物质</a>在内的<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>的研究，为了解<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="细胞生物学">细胞化学</a>做出的贡献” "in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins, including the nucleic substances"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1910-16">[16]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1911年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg/75px-Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg/113px-Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg/150px-Allvar_Gullstrand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1056" data-file-height="1536" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="阿尔瓦·古尔斯特兰德">阿尔瓦·古尔斯特兰德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BC%E7%9D%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="眼睛">眼睛</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%88%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" title="屈光學">屈光学</a>研究上的工作” "for his work on the dioptrics of the eye"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1911-17">[17]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1912年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg/75px-Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg/113px-Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg/150px-Alexis_Carrel_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="246" data-file-height="292" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94" title="亚历克西·卡雷尔">亚历克西·卡雷尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第三共和国">法国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1" title="血管">血管</a>结构以及血管和<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" title="器官">器官</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98%E7%A7%BB%E6%A4%8D" title="器官移植">移植</a>研究上的工作” "[for] his work on vascular suture and the transplantation of blood vessels and organs"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1912-18">[18]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1913年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg/75px-Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg/113px-Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg/150px-Charles_Robert_Richet_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1032" data-file-height="1384" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%AD%87" title="夏尔·罗贝尔·里歇">夏尔·罗贝尔·里歇</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第三共和国">法国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%95%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="過敏反應">过敏反应</a>研究上的工作” "[for] his work on anaphylaxis"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1913-19">[19]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1914年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Barany.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Robert_Barany.jpg/75px-Robert_Barany.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Robert_Barany.jpg/113px-Robert_Barany.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Robert_Barany.jpg/150px-Robert_Barany.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1382" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="罗伯特·巴拉尼">罗伯特·巴拉尼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/22px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/33px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg/44px-Ensign_of_Austro-Hungarian_civil_fleet_%281869-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="648" data-file-height="432" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥匈帝国">奥匈帝国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%BA%AD%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98" class="mw-redirect" title="前庭器官">前庭器官</a>的生理学与病理学研究上的工作” "for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1914-20">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1915年 </td> <td colspan="4" rowspan="4" align="center">未颁奖 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1916年 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1917年 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1918年 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1919年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg/75px-Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg/113px-Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg/150px-Jules_Bordet_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%A3" title="朱爾·博爾代">朱爾·博爾代</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a> </td> <td>“<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="免疫系统">免疫性</a>方面的发现” "for his discoveries relating to immunity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1919-21">[21]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1920年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg/75px-August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg/113px-August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg/150px-August_Krogh_Bain_32006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="920" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85" title="奧古斯特·克羅">奧古斯特·克羅</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a> </td> <td>“发现毛细血管运动的调节机理” "for his discovery of the capillary motor regulating mechanism"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1920-22">[22]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1921年 </td> <td colspan="4" align="center">未颁奖 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1922年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg/75px-Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg/113px-Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg/150px-Archibald_Vivian_Hill.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A5%87%E5%8D%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="阿奇博尔德·希尔">阿奇博尔德·希尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%8C%E8%82%89" title="肌肉">肌肉</a>产生热量上的发现” "for his discovery relating to the production of heat in the muscle"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1922-23">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg/75px-Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg/113px-Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg/150px-Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E9%82%81%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="奧托·邁爾霍夫">奧托·邁爾霍夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%91%AA%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="魏瑪共和國">德国</a> </td> <td>“发现肌肉中<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>的消耗和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E9%85%B8" title="乳酸">乳酸</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2" title="代谢">代谢</a>之间的固定关系” "for his discovery of the fixed relationship between the consumption of oxygen and the metabolism of lactic acid in the muscle"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1922-23">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1923年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Fredrick_banting.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/75px-Fredrick_banting.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/113px-Fredrick_banting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Fredrick_banting.jpg/150px-Fredrick_banting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="632" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%8F%AD%E5%BB%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="弗雷德里克·格蘭特·班廷">弗雷德里克·格蘭特·班廷</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%281921%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B0%E5%B2%9B%E7%B4%A0" title="胰岛素">胰岛素</a>” "for the discovery of insulin"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1923-24">[24]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png/75px-J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png/113px-J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png/150px-J.J.R._Macleod_ca._1928.png 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="957" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%9E%E5%BE%B7_(%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6)" title="約翰·麥克勞德 (生理學家)">約翰·麥克勞德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1924年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Willem_Einthoven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Willem_Einthoven.jpg/75px-Willem_Einthoven.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Willem_Einthoven.jpg/113px-Willem_Einthoven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Willem_Einthoven.jpg/150px-Willem_Einthoven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="896" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%9B%A0%E6%89%98%E8%8A%AC" title="威廉·埃因托芬">威廉·埃因托芬</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷蘭</a> </td> <td>“发明<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%94%B5%E5%9B%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="心电图">心电图</a>装置” "for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1924-25">[25]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1925年 </td> <td colspan="4" align="center">未颁奖 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1926年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:J_Fibiger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/J_Fibiger.jpg/75px-J_Fibiger.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/J_Fibiger.jpg/113px-J_Fibiger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/J_Fibiger.jpg/150px-J_Fibiger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1040" data-file-height="1536" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E6%AF%94%E6%A0%BC" title="約翰尼斯·菲比格">約翰尼斯·菲比格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BC%A0%E7%99%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鼠癌（页面不存在）">鼠癌</a>” "for his discovery of the Spiroptera carcinoma"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1926-26">[26]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1927年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg/75px-Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg/113px-Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg/150px-Julius_Wagner-Jauregg_ohne_Unterschrift.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="979" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E6%A0%BC%E7%BA%B3-%E5%B0%A7%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="朱利叶斯·瓦格纳-尧雷格">朱利叶斯·瓦格纳-尧雷格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="奥地利第一共和国">奥地利</a> </td> <td>“发现在治疗<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%97%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="麻痹">麻痹性痴呆</a>过程中<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E7%A7%8D" title="接种">接种</a>疗法的治疗价值” "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of malaria inoculation in the treatment of dementia paralytica"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1927-27">[27]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1928年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Jules_Nicole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jules_Nicole.jpg/75px-Jules_Nicole.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jules_Nicole.jpg/113px-Jules_Nicole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Jules_Nicole.jpg/150px-Jules_Nicole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="337" data-file-height="413" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E6%9F%AF%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="查爾斯·尼柯爾">查爾斯·尼柯爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第三共和国">法国</a> </td> <td>“在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E7%96%B9%E5%82%B7%E5%AF%92" title="斑疹傷寒">斑疹伤寒</a>研究上的工作” "for his work on typhus"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1928-28">[28]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1929年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Eijkman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Eijkman.jpg/75px-Eijkman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Eijkman.jpg/113px-Eijkman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Eijkman.jpg/150px-Eijkman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="克里斯蒂安·艾克曼">克里斯蒂安·艾克曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷蘭</a> </td> <td>“发现抗神经炎的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="维生素">维生素</a>” "for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1929-29">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg/75px-Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg/113px-Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg/150px-Frederick_Gowland_Hopkins_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" title="弗雷德里克·霍普金斯">弗雷德里克·霍普金斯</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td>“发现刺激生长的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="维生素">维生素</a>” "for his discovery of the growth-stimulating vitamin"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1929-29">[29]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1930年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg/75px-Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg/113px-Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg/150px-Karl_Landsteiner_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E7%BA%B3" title="卡尔·兰德施泰纳">卡尔·兰德施泰纳</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria_%281230%E2%80%931934%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="奥地利第一共和国">奥地利</a> </td> <td>“发现人类的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E5%9E%8B" title="血型">血型</a>” "for his discovery of human blood groups"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1930-30">[30]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1931年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Warburg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Otto_Warburg.jpg/75px-Otto_Warburg.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Otto_Warburg.jpg/113px-Otto_Warburg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Otto_Warburg.jpg/150px-Otto_Warburg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E5%A0%A1" title="奥托·海因里希·瓦尔堡">奥托·海因里希·瓦尔堡</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E7%91%AA%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="魏瑪共和國">德国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E8%89%B2%E7%B4%A0" title="细胞色素">呼吸酶</a>的性质和作用方式” "for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1931-31">[31]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1932年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg/75px-Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg/113px-Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg/150px-Prof._Charles_Scott_Sherrington.jpg 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="930" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E7%81%B5%E9%A1%BF" title="查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿">查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="神经元">神经元</a>的相关功能” "for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1932-32">[32]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg/75px-Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg/113px-Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg/150px-Edgar_Douglas_Adrian_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89%EF%BC%8C%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="埃德加·阿德里安，第一代阿德里安男爵">埃德加·阿德里安</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1933年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg/75px-Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg/113px-Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg/150px-Thomas_Hunt_Morgan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2192" data-file-height="2923" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%B9" title="托马斯·亨特·摩尔根">托马斯·亨特·摩尔根</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="遗传">遗传</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E4%BD%93" title="染色体">染色体</a>所起的作用” "for his discoveries concerning the role played by the chromosome in heredity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1933-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1934年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:George_Whipple_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/George_Whipple_nobel.jpg/75px-George_Whipple_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/George_Whipple_nobel.jpg/113px-George_Whipple_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/George_Whipple_nobel.jpg/150px-George_Whipple_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE" title="喬治·惠普爾">喬治·惠普爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AB%E8%A1%80" title="贫血">贫血</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E8%84%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="肝脏">肝脏</a>治疗法” "for their discoveries concerning liver therapy in cases of anaemia"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1934-34">[34]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:George_Minot_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/George_Minot_nobel.jpg/75px-George_Minot_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/George_Minot_nobel.jpg/113px-George_Minot_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/George_Minot_nobel.jpg/150px-George_Minot_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%82%81%E8%AB%BE%E7%89%B9" title="喬治·邁諾特">喬治·邁諾特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:William_P_Murphy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/William_P_Murphy.jpg/75px-William_P_Murphy.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/William_P_Murphy.jpg/113px-William_P_Murphy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/William_P_Murphy.jpg/150px-William_P_Murphy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="300" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%8F%B2" title="威廉·莫菲">威廉·莫菲</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1935年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg/75px-Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg/113px-Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg/150px-Hans_Spemann_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%A9%E6%9B%BC" title="漢斯·斯佩曼">漢斯·斯佩曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">德意志國</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%83%8E%E7%99%BC%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="胚胎發育">胚胎發育</a>的组织者（在胚胎發育起中心作用的胚胎区域）效应” "for his discovery of the organizer effect in embryonic development"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1935-35">[35]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1936年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg/75px-Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg/113px-Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg/150px-Henry_Dale_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%B0%94" title="亨利·哈利特·戴尔">亨利·哈利特·戴尔</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E9%80%92%E8%B4%A8" title="神经递质">神经冲动的化学传递</a>的相关发现” "for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1936-36">[36]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg/75px-Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg/113px-Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg/150px-Otto_Loewi_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E7%BB%B4" title="奥托·勒维">奥托·勒维</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg/22px-State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg/33px-State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg/44px-State_flag_of_Austria_%281934%E2%80%931938%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E5%9B%BD" title="奥地利联邦国">奧地利聯邦國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1937年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg/75px-Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg/113px-Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg/150px-Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2333" data-file-height="2965" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%8D%B7%E5%B0%94%E5%90%89%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="圣捷尔吉·阿尔伯特">圣捷尔吉·阿尔伯特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary_%281915-1918%2C_1919-1946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(1920%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1946%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="匈牙利王國 (1920年－1946年)">匈牙利</a> </td> <td>“与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="细胞呼吸">生物燃烧过程</a>有关的发现，特别是关于<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0C" title="维生素C">维生素C</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E8%83%A1%E7%B4%A2%E9%85%B8" title="延胡索酸">延胡索酸</a>的催化作用” "for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1937-37">[37]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1938年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg/75px-Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg/113px-Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg/150px-Corneille_Heymans_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%A5%88%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E9%97%A8%E6%96%AF" title="柯奈尔·海门斯">柯奈爾·海門斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E7%AA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="鼻窦">窦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E8%84%88" title="主動脈">主動脈</a>机制在<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BC%E5%90%B8" title="呼吸">呼吸</a>调节中所起的作用” "for the discovery of the role played by the sinus and aortic mechanisms in the regulation of respiration"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1938-38">[38]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1939年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg/75px-Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg/113px-Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg/150px-Gerhard_Domagk_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="格哈德·多馬克">格哈德·多馬克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">德意志國</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%B5%AA%E5%A4%9A%E6%81%AF" title="百浪多息">百浪多息</a>（一种磺胺类药物）的抗菌效果” "for the discovery of the antibacterial effects of prontosil"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1939-39">[39]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1940年 </td> <td colspan="4" rowspan="3" align="center">未颁奖 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1941年 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1942年 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1943年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg/75px-Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg/113px-Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg/150px-Henrik_Dam_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%A7%86" class="mw-redirect" title="亨利克·達姆">亨利克·達姆</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0K" title="维生素K">维生素K</a>” "for his discovery of vitamin K"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1943-40">[40]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_A_Doisy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Edward_A_Doisy.jpg/75px-Edward_A_Doisy.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Edward_A_Doisy.jpg/113px-Edward_A_Doisy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Edward_A_Doisy.jpg/150px-Edward_A_Doisy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="234" data-file-height="331" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E4%BC%8A%E8%A5%BF" title="愛德華·阿德爾伯特·多伊西">愛德華·阿德爾伯特·多伊西</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0K" title="维生素K">维生素K</a>的化学性质” "for his discovery of the chemical nature of vitamin K"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1943-40">[40]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1944年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/75px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/113px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg/150px-Joseph_Erlanger_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8E%84%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="約瑟夫·厄爾蘭格">約瑟夫·厄爾蘭格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现单<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%BA%A4%E7%BB%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="神经纤维">神经纤维</a>的高度分化功能” "for their discoveries relating to the highly differentiated functions of single nerve fibres"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1944-41">[41]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg/75px-Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg/113px-Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg/150px-Herbert_Spencer_Gasser_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%BD%98%E5%A1%9E%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%A1%9E" title="赫伯特·斯潘塞·加塞">赫伯特·斯潘塞·加塞</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1945年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg/75px-Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg/113px-Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg/150px-Alexander_Fleming_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%8E" title="亚历山大·弗莱明">亚历山大·弗莱明</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%9C%89%E7%B4%A0" title="青霉素">青霉素</a>及其对各种<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="传染病">传染病</a>的疗效” "for the discovery of penicillin and its curative effect in various infectious diseases"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1945-42">[42]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg/75px-Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg/113px-Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg/150px-Ernst_Boris_Chain_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9F%B4%E6%81%A9" title="恩斯特·伯利斯·柴恩">恩斯特·伯利斯·柴恩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg/75px-Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg/113px-Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg/150px-Howard_Walter_Florey_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%8F%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="霍華德·弗洛里">霍華德·弗洛里</a>爵士 </td> <td nowrap=""><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1946年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/a/a4/Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg/75px-Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/a/a4/Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg/113px-Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/a/a4/Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg/150px-Hermann_Joseph_Muller.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="赫爾曼·約瑟夫·馬勒">赫爾曼·約瑟夫·馬勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现用<a href="/wiki/X%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF" title="X射线">X射线</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84" title="辐射">辐射</a>的方法能够产生<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8F%98" title="突变">突变</a>” "for the discovery of the production of mutations by means of X-ray irradiation"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1946-43">[43]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1947年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg/75px-Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg/113px-Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg/150px-Carl_Ferdinand_Cori.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%90%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%97%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C" title="卡尔·斐迪南·科里">卡尔·斐迪南·科里</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E5%8E%9F" title="糖原">糖原</a>的催化转化原因” "for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1947-44">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg/75px-Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg/113px-Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg/150px-Gerty_Theresa_Cori.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C" title="格蒂·科里">格蒂·特蕾莎·科里</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Bernado_Houssay.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bernado_Houssay.JPG/75px-Bernado_Houssay.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bernado_Houssay.JPG/113px-Bernado_Houssay.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Bernado_Houssay.JPG/150px-Bernado_Houssay.JPG 2x" data-file-width="199" data-file-height="305" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E8%B5%9B" title="贝尔纳多·奥赛">贝尔纳多·奥赛</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%A6%E4%B8%8B%E5%9E%82%E9%AB%94" title="腦下垂體">腦下垂體前葉</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="激素">激素</a>在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B3%96%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="糖代谢（页面不存在）">糖代谢</a>中的作用” "for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1947-44">[44]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1948年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg/75px-Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg/113px-Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg/150px-Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%8B%92" title="保羅·赫爾曼·穆勒">保羅·赫爾曼·穆勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/DDT" class="mw-redirect" title="DDT">DDT</a>是一种<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%80%E8%99%AB%E5%89%82" class="mw-redirect" title="杀虫剂">高效杀死多类节肢动物的接触性毒药</a>” "for his discovery of the high efficiency of DDT as a contact poison against several arthropods"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1948-45">[45]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1949年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Walter_Hess.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Walter_Hess.jpg/75px-Walter_Hess.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Walter_Hess.jpg/113px-Walter_Hess.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Walter_Hess.jpg/150px-Walter_Hess.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF" title="瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯">瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%85%A6" title="中腦">间脑</a>的功能性组织对内脏活动的调节功能” "for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1949-46">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Moniz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Moniz.jpg/75px-Moniz.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Moniz.jpg/113px-Moniz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Moniz.jpg/150px-Moniz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="891" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="安东尼奥·埃加斯·莫尼斯">安东尼奥·埃加斯·莫尼斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/22px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/33px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/44px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6_(%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99)" title="新國家 (葡萄牙)">葡萄牙</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%84%91%E5%8F%B6%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E5%88%87%E9%99%A4%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="前脑叶白质切除术">前脑叶白质切除术</a>对特定重性精神病患者的治疗效果” "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1949-46">[46]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1950年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg/75px-Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg/113px-Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg/150px-Philip_Showalter_Hench.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E8%82%96%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%A5%87" title="菲利普·肖瓦特·亨奇">菲利普·肖瓦特·亨奇</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BE%E4%B8%8A%E8%85%BA%E7%9A%AE%E8%B4%A8%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="肾上腺皮质激素">肾上腺皮质激素</a>及其结构和生物效应” "for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structure and biological effects"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1950-47">[47]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/f/fa/Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg/75px-Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/f/fa/Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg/113px-Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/thumb/f/fa/Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg/150px-Edward_Calvin_Kendall_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="爱德华·卡尔文·肯德尔">爱德华·卡尔文·肯德尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg/75px-Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg/113px-Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg/150px-Thadeus_Reichstein_ETH-Bib_Portr_10137.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="600" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E4%B9%8C%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%A0" title="塔德乌什·赖希施泰因">塔德乌什·赖希施泰因</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1951年至2000年">1951年至2000年</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：1951年至2000年">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>年份 </th> <th colspan="2">获奖者<a href="#endnote_1">[A]</a> </th> <th width="11%">国籍<a href="#endnote_2">[B]</a> </th> <th>获奖原因<a href="#endnote_3">[C]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="">1951年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg/75px-Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg/113px-Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg/150px-Max_Theiler_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%B0%E7%B4%AF%E5%B0%94" title="马克斯·泰累尔">马克斯·泰累尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa_%281928-1982%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a> </td> <td>“<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%83%AD%E7%97%85" title="黄热病">黄热病</a>及其治疗方法上的发现” "for his discoveries concerning yellow fever and how to combat it"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1951-48">[48]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1952年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg/75px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg/113px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg/150px-Selman_Waksman_NYWTScrop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="916" data-file-height="1129" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7A%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="賽爾曼·A·瓦克斯曼">賽爾曼·A·瓦克斯曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BE%E9%9C%89%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="链霉素">链霉素</a>，第一个有效对抗<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%A0%B8%E7%97%85" title="结核病">结核病</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" title="抗生素">抗生素</a>” "for his discovery of streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against tuberculosis"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1952-49">[49]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1953年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg/75px-Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg/113px-Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg/150px-Hans_Adolf_Krebs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="1488" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="汉斯·阿道夫·克雷布斯">汉斯·阿道夫·克雷布斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A0%E6%AA%AC%E9%85%B8%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="柠檬酸循环">柠檬酸循环</a>” "for his discovery of the citric acid cycle"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1953-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_(1899-1986),_Biochemist_(2551001689).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg/75px-Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg/113px-Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg/150px-Portrait_of_Fritz_Albert_Lipmann_%281899-1986%29%2C_Biochemist_%282551001689%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1733" data-file-height="2266" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E8%8C%A8%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC" title="弗里茨·阿尔贝特·李普曼">弗里茨·阿尔贝特·李普曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%85%E9%85%B6A" title="辅酶A">辅酶A</a>及其对中间代谢的重要性” "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1953-50">[50]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1954年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Enders2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Enders2.jpg/75px-Enders2.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Enders2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="181" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%C2%B7%E6%81%A9%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·富兰克林·恩德斯">约翰·富兰克林·恩德斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E9%AB%93%E7%81%B0%E8%B4%A8%E7%82%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="脊髓灰质炎">脊髓灰质炎</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a>在各种组织培养基中的生长能力” "for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1954-51">[51]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg/75px-Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg/113px-Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg/150px-Frederick_C._Robbins_1954.jpg 2x" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="510" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%9F%A5%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%BE%E6%96%AF" title="弗雷德里克·查普曼·罗宾斯">弗雷德里克·查普曼·罗宾斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg/75px-Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg/113px-Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg/150px-Thomas_Huckle_Weller_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%8B%92" title="托马斯·哈克尔·韦勒">托马斯·哈克尔·韦勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg/75px-Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg/113px-Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg/150px-Hugo_Theorell_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%A5%A5%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94" title="胡戈·特奥雷尔">阿克塞尔·胡戈·特奥多尔·特奥雷尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E8%BF%98%E5%8E%9F%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化还原酶">氧化酶</a>的性质和作用方式” "for his discoveries concerning the nature and mode of action of oxidation enzymes"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1955-52">[52]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1956年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg/75px-Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg/113px-Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg/150px-Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%80%83%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%B7" title="安德烈·弗雷德里克·考南德">安德烈·弗雷德里克·考南德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E8%84%8F%E5%AF%BC%E7%AE%A1%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="心脏导管术">心脏导管术</a>及其在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AA%E7%8E%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="循环系统">循环系统</a>的病理变化方面的发现” "for their discoveries concerning heart catheterization and pathological changes in the circulatory system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1956-53">[53]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg/75px-Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg/113px-Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg/150px-Werner_Forssmann_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="沃纳·福斯曼">沃纳·福斯曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg/75px-Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg/113px-Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg/150px-Dickinson_W._Richards_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E9%87%91%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E4%BC%8D%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%B9" title="迪金森·伍德拉夫·理查兹">迪金森·伍德拉夫·理查兹</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1957年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg/75px-Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg/113px-Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg/150px-Daniel_Bovet_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E9%9F%A6" title="达尼埃尔·博韦">达尼埃尔·博韦</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94%E8%83%BA%E8%97%A5" title="抗組織胺藥">抑制某些机体物质作用的合成化合物</a>，特别是对血管系统和骨骼肌的作用” "for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1957-54">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1958年 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·韦尔斯·比德尔">乔治·韦尔斯·比德尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" title="基因">基因</a>功能受到特定化学过程的调控” "for their discovery that genes act by regulating definite chemical events"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1958-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg/75px-Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg/113px-Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg/150px-Edward_Lawrie_Tatum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E7%89%B9%E5%A7%86" title="爱德华·劳里·塔特姆">爱德华·劳里·塔特姆</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg/75px-Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg/113px-Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg/150px-Joshua_Lederberg_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1141" data-file-height="1380" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E8%88%92%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="乔舒亚·莱德伯格">乔舒亚·莱德伯格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C" title="细菌">细菌</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" title="基因">遗传物质</a>的基因重组和组织” "for his discoveries concerning genetic recombination and the organization of the genetic material of bacteria"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1958-55">[55]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1959年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Arthur_Kornberg_(30828410210).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg/75px-Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg/113px-Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg/150px-Arthur_Kornberg_%2830828410210%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4552" data-file-height="5734" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%81%A9%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="阿瑟·科恩伯格">阿瑟·科恩伯格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="核糖核酸">核糖核酸</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="脱氧核糖核酸">脱氧核糖核酸</a>的生物合成机制” "for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1959-56">[56]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg/75px-Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg/113px-Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg/150px-Severo_Ochoa_1958b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="369" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%A6%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E4%B9%94%E4%BA%9A" title="塞韦罗·奥乔亚">塞韦罗·奥乔亚</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281959-1960%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1960年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg/75px-Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg/113px-Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg/150px-Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%86%85%E7%89%B9" title="弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特">弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现获得性<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E8%80%90%E5%8F%97" title="免疫耐受">免疫耐受</a>” "for discovery of acquired immunological tolerance"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1960-57">[57]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg/75px-Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg/113px-Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg/150px-Peter_Brian_Medawar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E8%BE%BE%E6%B2%83" title="彼得·梅达沃">彼得·梅达沃</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg/75px-Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg/113px-Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg/150px-Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E6%AC%A7%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%87%AF%E5%B8%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="盖欧尔格·冯·贝凯希">盖欧尔格·冯·贝凯希</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B3%E8%9C%97" title="耳蜗">耳蜗</a>内刺激的物理机理” "for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1961-58">[58]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1962年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Francis_Crick_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/75px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/113px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Francis_Crick_crop.jpg/150px-Francis_Crick_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2035" data-file-height="2236" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="佛朗西斯·克里克">佛朗西斯·克里克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="核酸">核酸</a>的分子结构及其对生物中信息传递的重要性” "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1962-59">[59]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:JamesWatson.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/JamesWatson.png/75px-JamesWatson.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/JamesWatson.png/113px-JamesWatson.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/JamesWatson.png/150px-JamesWatson.png 2x" data-file-width="426" data-file-height="543" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%A8%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·杜威·沃森">詹姆斯·杜威·沃森</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg/75px-Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg/113px-Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg/150px-Maurice_Wilkins_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="莫里斯·威尔金斯">莫里斯·威尔金斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/22px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/33px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/44px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0" title="新西兰">新西兰</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1963年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg/75px-Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg/113px-Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg/150px-Sir_John_Eccles_Wellcome_L0026812.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3675" data-file-height="4672" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·卡鲁·埃克尔斯">约翰·卡鲁·埃克尔斯</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F" title="神经">神经</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E8%86%9C" title="细胞膜">细胞膜</a>的外围和中心部位与神经兴奋和抑制有关的离子机理” "for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and central portions of the nerve cell membrane"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1963-60">[60]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg/75px-Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg/113px-Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg/150px-Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%8B%9E%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E9%87%91" title="艾倫·勞埃德·霍奇金">艾倫·勞埃德·霍奇金</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg/75px-Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg/113px-Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg/150px-Andrew_Fielding_Huxley_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%AD%AF%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E8%83%A5%E9%BB%8E" title="安德魯·赫胥黎">安德魯·赫胥黎</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1964年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Konrad_Bloch.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Konrad_Bloch.JPG/75px-Konrad_Bloch.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Konrad_Bloch.JPG/113px-Konrad_Bloch.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Konrad_Bloch.JPG/150px-Konrad_Bloch.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1645" data-file-height="2467" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E8%B5%AB" title="康拉德·布洛赫">康拉德·布洛赫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" class="mw-redirect" title="胆固醇">胆固醇</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA%E9%85%B8" title="脂肪酸">脂肪酸</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2" title="代谢">代谢</a>机理和调控作用” "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1964-61">[61]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg/75px-Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg/113px-Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg/150px-Feodor_Lynen_with_pipette.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2750" data-file-height="3910" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%90%95%E5%AB%A9" title="费奥多尔·吕嫩">费奥多尔·吕嫩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1965年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg/75px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg/113px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg/150px-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%96%AF%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E8%B3%88%E5%85%8B%E6%9F%8F" title="方斯華·賈克柏">方斯華·賈克柏</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“在酶和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%8D%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="前病毒（页面不存在）">病毒合成</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%BD%95" title="转录">遗传控制</a>中的发现” "for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1965-62">[62]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg/75px-Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg/113px-Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg/150px-Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%97%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%83%E5%A4%AB" title="安德列·利沃夫">安德列·利沃夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_Ernest_Walker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/John_Ernest_Walker.jpg/75px-John_Ernest_Walker.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/John_Ernest_Walker.jpg/113px-John_Ernest_Walker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/John_Ernest_Walker.jpg/150px-John_Ernest_Walker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1200" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%AB%BE" title="賈克·莫諾">賈克·莫諾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1966年 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B4%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%8B%9E%E6%96%AF" title="裴頓·勞斯">裴頓·勞斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现诱导<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BF%E7%98%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="肿瘤">肿瘤</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a>” "for his discovery of tumour-inducing viruses"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1966-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner;_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-34._Tagung_1984_Mediziner%3B_Er%C3%B6ffnung_am_25.6._Charles_B._Huggins_-_W134Nr.122975d_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="467" data-file-height="646" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%98%AD%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" title="查爾斯·布蘭頓·哈金斯">查爾斯·布蘭頓·哈金斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%88%97%E8%85%BA%E7%99%8C" title="前列腺癌">前列腺癌</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%82%E6%B3%95" title="激素療法">激素疗法</a>” "for his discoveries concerning hormonal treatment of prostatic cancer"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1966-63">[63]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1967年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ragnar_Granit2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ragnar_Granit2.jpg/75px-Ragnar_Granit2.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ragnar_Granit2.jpg/113px-Ragnar_Granit2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ragnar_Granit2.jpg/150px-Ragnar_Granit2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E7%B4%8D%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E7%89%B9" title="拉格納·格拉尼特">拉格納·格拉尼特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%BC%E7%9D%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="眼睛">眼睛</a>的初级生理及化学视觉过程” "for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1967-64">[64]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg/75px-Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg/113px-Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg/150px-Haldan_Keffer_Hartline_nobel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="396" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD" title="霍爾登·凱弗·哈特蘭">霍爾登·凱弗·哈特蘭</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:George_Wald_1987.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/George_Wald_1987.jpg/75px-George_Wald_1987.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/George_Wald_1987.jpg/113px-George_Wald_1987.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/George_Wald_1987.jpg/150px-George_Wald_1987.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1727" data-file-height="2276" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="乔治·沃尔德">乔治·沃尔德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1968年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_(1922-1993),_Biochemist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg/75px-Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg/113px-Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg/150px-Portrait_of_Robert_William_Holley_%281922-1993%29%2C_Biochemist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1287" data-file-height="1686" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7W%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%88%A9" title="羅伯特·W·霍利">羅伯特·W·霍利</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“破解<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AF%86%E7%A0%81" title="遗传密码">遗传密码</a>并阐释其在<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白质生物合成">蛋白质合成</a>中的作用” "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1968-65">[65]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/75px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/113px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg/150px-Har_Gobind_Khorana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="563" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%91%9B%E8%B3%93%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%8D" title="哈爾·葛賓·科拉納">哈爾·葛賓·科拉納</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg/75px-Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg/113px-Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg/150px-Marshall_Nirenberg_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%AD%87%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E5%80%AB%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="馬歇爾·沃倫·尼倫伯格">馬歇爾·沃倫·尼倫伯格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1969年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Max_Delbruck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Max_Delbruck.jpg/75px-Max_Delbruck.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Max_Delbruck.jpg/113px-Max_Delbruck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Max_Delbruck.jpg/150px-Max_Delbruck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="2162" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%83%E5%91%82%E5%85%8B" title="馬克斯·德爾布呂克">馬克斯·德爾布呂克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="病毒">病毒</a>的复制机理和遗传结构” "for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1969-66">[66]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Hershey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Alfred_Hershey.jpg/75px-Alfred_Hershey.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Alfred_Hershey.jpg/113px-Alfred_Hershey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Alfred_Hershey.jpg/150px-Alfred_Hershey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="335" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%8C" title="阿弗雷德·赫希">阿弗雷德·赫希</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Salvador_E._Luria_ca.1969_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1336" data-file-height="1777" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E7%9B%A7%E7%91%9E%E4%BA%9E" title="薩爾瓦多·盧瑞亞">薩爾瓦多·盧瑞亞</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1970年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Axelrod01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Axelrod01.jpg/75px-Axelrod01.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Axelrod01.jpg/113px-Axelrod01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Axelrod01.jpg/150px-Axelrod01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="927" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7" title="朱利叶斯·阿克塞尔罗德">朱利叶斯·阿克塞尔罗德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E9%80%92%E8%B4%A8" title="神经递质">神经末梢中的体液性传递物质</a>及其贮存、释放和抑制机理” "for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their storage, release and inactivation"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1970-67">[67]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ulf_von_Euler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Ulf_von_Euler.jpg/75px-Ulf_von_Euler.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Ulf_von_Euler.jpg/113px-Ulf_von_Euler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Ulf_von_Euler.jpg/150px-Ulf_von_Euler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="3135" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E4%BC%8A%E5%8B%92" title="乌尔夫·冯·奥伊勒">乌尔夫·冯·奥伊勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg/75px-Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg/113px-Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg/150px-Sir_Bernard_Katz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="755" data-file-height="1007" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%8C%A8" title="伯纳德·卡茨">伯纳德·卡茨</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg/75px-Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg/113px-Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg/150px-Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2204" data-file-height="2919" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%AD%AF%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%98%87%E5%BE%B7%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="埃魯·威爾布爾·蘇德蘭">埃魯·威爾布爾·蘇德蘭</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="激素">激素</a>的作用机理” "for his discoveries concerning the mechanisms of the action of hormones"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1971-68">[68]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1972年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg/75px-Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg/113px-Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg/150px-Professor_Gerald_M._Edelman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="1024" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%91%E6%8B%89%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="傑拉爾德·埃德爾曼">傑拉爾德·埃德爾曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E4%BD%93" title="抗体">抗体</a>的化学结构” "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1972-69">[69]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg/75px-Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg/113px-Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg/150px-Rodney_Robert_Porter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="1432" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9" title="羅德尼·羅伯特·波特">羅德尼·羅伯特·波特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1973年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas,_c._1926.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg/75px-Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg/113px-Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg/150px-Karl_von_Frisch_-_Atelier_Veritas%2C_c._1926.jpg 2x" data-file-width="689" data-file-height="1091" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="卡爾·馮·弗利">卡爾·馮·弗利</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现个体与社会性行为模式的组织和引发” "for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1973-70">[70]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Konrad_Lorenz.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Konrad_Lorenz.JPG/75px-Konrad_Lorenz.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Konrad_Lorenz.JPG/113px-Konrad_Lorenz.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Konrad_Lorenz.JPG/150px-Konrad_Lorenz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="557" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%A6%E5%85%B9" title="康拉德·洛伦兹">康拉德·洛伦兹</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg/75px-Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg/113px-Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg/150px-Nikolaas_Tinbergen_1978.jpg 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="559" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%AF%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%AD%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="尼可拉斯·庭伯根">尼可拉斯·庭伯根</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1974年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Claude_1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Albert_Claude_1974.jpg/75px-Albert_Claude_1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Albert_Claude_1974.jpg/113px-Albert_Claude_1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Albert_Claude_1974.jpg/150px-Albert_Claude_1974.jpg 2x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="1296" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%9E%E5%BE%B7" title="阿爾伯特·克勞德">阿爾伯特·克勞德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="细胞器">细胞的结构和功能组织</a>方面的发现” "for their discoveries concerning the structural and functional organization of the cell"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1974-71">[71]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Christian_de_Duve.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Christian_de_Duve.tif/lossy-page1-75px-Christian_de_Duve.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Christian_de_Duve.tif/lossy-page1-113px-Christian_de_Duve.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Christian_de_Duve.tif/lossy-page1-150px-Christian_de_Duve.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="704" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="克里斯汀·德·迪夫">克里斯汀·德·迪夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/George_Emil_Palade_2021_stamp_of_Romania_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="202" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7" title="喬治·埃米爾·帕拉德">喬治·埃米爾·帕拉德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1975年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:DavidBaltimore2008.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/DavidBaltimore2008.JPG/75px-DavidBaltimore2008.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/DavidBaltimore2008.JPG/113px-DavidBaltimore2008.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/DavidBaltimore2008.JPG/150px-DavidBaltimore2008.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1170" data-file-height="1190" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%84%E6%91%A9" title="戴维·巴尔的摩">戴维·巴尔的摩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%82%BF%E7%98%A4%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="肿瘤病毒（页面不存在）">肿瘤病毒</a>和细胞的遗传物质之间的相互作用” "for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1975-72">[72]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg/75px-Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg/113px-Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg/150px-Renato_Dulbecco_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="1356" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E7%A7%91" title="罗纳托·杜尔贝科">罗纳托·杜尔贝科</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/75px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/113px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg/150px-Howard_Martin_Temin_1975.jpg 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="1024" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%98%8E" title="霍华德·马丁·特明">霍华德·马丁·特明</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1976年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_(NASA).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg/75px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg/113px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg/150px-Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg_by_Tom_Trower_%28NASA%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2080" data-file-height="2682" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E7%BC%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="巴鲁克·塞缪尔·布隆伯格">巴鲁克·塞缪尔·布隆伯格</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%9F%93%E7%97%85" class="mw-redirect" title="传染病">传染病</a>产生和传播的新机理” "for their discoveries concerning new mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1976-73">[73]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg/75px-Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg/113px-Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg/150px-Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek_2bw_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1496" data-file-height="1496" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E6%9D%9C%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B" title="丹尼尔·卡尔顿·盖杜谢克">丹尼尔·卡尔顿·盖杜谢克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1977年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Guillemin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Roger_Guillemin.jpg/75px-Roger_Guillemin.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Roger_Guillemin.jpg/113px-Roger_Guillemin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Roger_Guillemin.jpg/150px-Roger_Guillemin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2152" data-file-height="2744" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%AD%87%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E8%80%B6%E6%9B%BC" title="罗歇·吉耶曼">罗歇·吉耶曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现大脑分泌的<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BD%E7%B1%BB%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="肽类激素">肽类激素</a>” "for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1977-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg/75px-Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg/113px-Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg/150px-Andrew_Schally_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="523" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E5%88%A9" title="安德鲁·沙利">安德鲁·沙利</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg/75px-Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg/113px-Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg/150px-Rosalyn_Yalow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="465" data-file-height="518" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E6%B4%9B" title="罗莎琳·萨斯曼·耶洛">罗莎琳·萨斯曼·耶洛</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“开发<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BD%E7%B1%BB%E6%BF%80%E7%B4%A0" title="肽类激素">肽类激素</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="放射免疫分析">放射免疫分析法</a>” "for the development of radioimmunoassays of peptide hormones"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1977-74">[74]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1978年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Werner_Arber_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Werner_Arber_2008.jpg/75px-Werner_Arber_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Werner_Arber_2008.jpg/113px-Werner_Arber_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Werner_Arber_2008.jpg/150px-Werner_Arber_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="862" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%B4%8D%C2%B7%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF" title="沃納·亞伯">沃納·亞伯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E6%80%A7%E5%85%A7%E5%88%87%E9%85%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="限制性內切酶">限制性内切酶</a>及其在<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%81%97%E4%BC%A0%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="分子遗传学">分子遗传学</a>方面的应用” "for the discovery of restriction enzymes and their application to problems of molecular genetics"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1978-75">[75]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-37._Tagung_1987_Mediziner_Daniel_Nathans_l%C3%A4chelnd_-_W134Nr.125411c_-_Willy_Pragher_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="658" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%82%A3%E6%A3%AE%E6%96%AF" title="丹尼爾·那森斯">丹尼爾·那森斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Hamilton_Smith,_2_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Hamilton_Smith%2C_2_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="739" data-file-height="739" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%BD%8C%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF" title="漢彌爾頓·史密斯">漢彌爾頓·史密斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1979年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:A._M._Cormack.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/A._M._Cormack.jpg/75px-A._M._Cormack.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/A._M._Cormack.jpg/113px-A._M._Cormack.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/A._M._Cormack.jpg/150px-A._M._Cormack.jpg 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="696" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%98%AD%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="阿蘭·麥克萊德·科馬克">阿蘭·麥克萊德·科馬克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“开发<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%96%AD%E5%B1%82%E6%89%AB%E6%8F%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="计算机断层扫描">计算机辅助的断层扫描</a>技术” "for the development of computer assisted tomography"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1979-76">[76]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Godfrey_Hounsfield_(1996).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg/75px-Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg/113px-Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg/150px-Godfrey_Hounsfield_%281996%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1528" data-file-height="2040" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%C2%B7%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%B4%B9%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="高弗雷·豪斯费尔德">高弗雷·豪斯费尔德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1980年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg/75px-Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg/113px-Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg/150px-Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="835" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%8C%B9%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E7%BA%B3%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" title="巴茹·贝纳塞拉夫">巴茹·贝纳塞拉夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现调节<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="免疫系统">免疫反应</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E4%BD%93" title="主要组织相容性复合体">细胞表面受体</a>的遗传结构” "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1980-77">[77]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg/75px-Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg/113px-Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg/150px-Jean_Dausset_1968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="904" data-file-height="1188" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A9%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E5%A1%9E" title="让·多塞">让·多塞</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·斯内尔">乔治·斯内尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1981年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg/75px-Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg/113px-Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg/150px-Roger_Wolcott_Sperry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2244" data-file-height="2956" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C" title="罗杰·斯佩里">罗杰·斯佩里</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%84%91%E5%8D%8A%E7%90%83" title="大脑半球">大脑半球</a>的功能性分工” "for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1981-78">[78]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:DHUBEL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DHUBEL.jpg/75px-DHUBEL.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DHUBEL.jpg/113px-DHUBEL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/DHUBEL.jpg/150px-DHUBEL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="634" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E4%BC%91%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%BE" title="大衛·休伯爾">大衛·休伯爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="视觉系统">视觉系统</a>的信息加工” "for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1981-78">[78]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg/75px-Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg/113px-Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg/150px-Torsten_Wiesel-7Nov2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="1024" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%8E%84%E7%91%9F%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="托斯坦·维厄瑟尔">托斯坦·维厄瑟尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1982年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg/75px-Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg/113px-Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg/150px-Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="1120" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%BE%8D" title="蘇恩·伯格斯特龍">蘇恩·伯格斯特龍</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%88%97%E8%85%BA%E7%B4%A0" title="前列腺素">前列腺素</a>及其相关的生物活性物质” "for their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1982-79">[79]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Bengt_Samuelsson.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bengt_Samuelsson.png/75px-Bengt_Samuelsson.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bengt_Samuelsson.png/113px-Bengt_Samuelsson.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bengt_Samuelsson.png/150px-Bengt_Samuelsson.png 2x" data-file-width="236" data-file-height="309" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E7%A9%86%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%E6%9D%BE" title="本特·薩穆埃爾松">本特·薩穆埃爾松</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_Robert_Vane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/John_Robert_Vane.jpg/75px-John_Robert_Vane.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/John_Robert_Vane.jpg/113px-John_Robert_Vane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/John_Robert_Vane.jpg/150px-John_Robert_Vane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3529" data-file-height="4554" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%E6%81%A9" title="約翰·范恩">約翰·范恩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Barbara_McClintock_(1902-1992)_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg/75px-Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg/113px-Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg/150px-Barbara_McClintock_%281902-1992%29_shown_in_her_laboratory_in_1947.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1833" data-file-height="1500" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="巴巴拉·麦克林托克">巴巴拉·麦克林托克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%BA%A7%E5%AD%90" title="转座子">可移动的遗传元素</a>” "for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1983-80">[80]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1984年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg/75px-Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg/113px-Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Niels_Kaj_Jerne_1950_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="147" data-file-height="169" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%B0%BC" title="尼尔斯·杰尼">尼尔斯·杰尼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/22px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/33px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/44px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“关于<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="免疫系统">免疫系统</a>的发育和控制特异性的理论，以及发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%8B%E9%9A%86%E6%8A%97%E4%BD%93" title="单克隆抗体">单克隆抗体</a>产生的原理” "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1984-81">[81]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Einweihung_des_Max-Planck-Institutes_f%C3%BCr_Immunbiologie_(1990)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Einweihung_des_Max-Planck-Institutes_f%C3%BCr_Immunbiologie_%281990%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Einweihung_des_Max-Planck-Institutes_f%C3%BCr_Immunbiologie_%281990%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/55/Einweihung_des_Max-Planck-Institutes_f%C3%BCr_Immunbiologie_%281990%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="107" data-file-height="187" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="乔治斯·克勒">乔治斯·克勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Milstein_lnp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Milstein_lnp.jpg/75px-Milstein_lnp.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Milstein_lnp.jpg/113px-Milstein_lnp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Milstein_lnp.jpg/150px-Milstein_lnp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="161" data-file-height="146" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E8%90%A8%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="色萨·米尔斯坦">色萨·米尔斯坦</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/22px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/33px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/44px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1985年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Mike_Brown_2003.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mike_Brown_2003.jpg/75px-Mike_Brown_2003.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mike_Brown_2003.jpg/113px-Mike_Brown_2003.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mike_Brown_2003.jpg/150px-Mike_Brown_2003.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="500" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97" title="麥可·斯圖亞特·布朗">麥可·布朗</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“在<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%86%E5%9B%BA%E9%86%87" class="mw-redirect" title="胆固醇">胆固醇</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%B0%A2" title="代谢">代谢</a>的调控方面的发现” "for their discoveries concerning the regulation of cholesterol metabolism"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1985-82">[82]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Joe_Goldstein.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Joe_Goldstein.JPG/75px-Joe_Goldstein.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Joe_Goldstein.JPG/113px-Joe_Goldstein.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Joe_Goldstein.JPG/150px-Joe_Goldstein.JPG 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="500" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%AD%90%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E7%88%BE%E8%8C%A8%E5%9D%A6" title="約瑟夫·里歐納德·戈爾茨坦">約瑟夫·里歐納德·戈爾茨坦</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1986年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg/75px-Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg/113px-Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Stanley_Cohen-Biochemist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="147" data-file-height="197" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%81%A9" title="斯坦利·科恩">斯坦利·科恩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90" title="生长因子">生长因子</a>” "for their discoveries of growth factors"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1986-83">[83]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/75px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/113px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg/150px-Rita_Levi_Montalcini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="571" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E7%BB%B4-%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%87%E5%B0%BC" title="丽塔·列维-蒙塔尔奇尼">丽塔·列维-蒙塔尔奇尼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg/75px-Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg/113px-Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg/150px-Susumu_Tonegawa_Photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1845" data-file-height="2545" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%A0%B9%E5%B7%9D%E9%80%B2" title="利根川進">利根川進</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td> <td>“发现抗体多样性产生的遗传学原理” "for his discovery of the genetic principle for generation of antibody diversity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1987-84">[84]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1988年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:James_Black_(pharmacologist).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg/75px-James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg/113px-James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg/150px-James_Black_%28pharmacologist%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4065" data-file-height="3592" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E5%A3%AB%C2%B7W%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="詹姆士·W·布拉克">詹姆士·W·布拉克</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="药理学">药物治疗</a>的重要原理” "for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1988-85">[85]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Gertrude_Elion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gertrude_Elion.jpg/75px-Gertrude_Elion.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gertrude_Elion.jpg/113px-Gertrude_Elion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Gertrude_Elion.jpg/150px-Gertrude_Elion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3320" data-file-height="4000" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%89%B9%E9%AD%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7B%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%88%A9%E6%81%A9" title="格特魯德·B·埃利恩">格特魯德·B·埃利恩</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg/75px-George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg/113px-George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg/150px-George_H._Hitchings_1988.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1912" data-file-height="2184" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E9%9D%92%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="喬治·希青斯">乔治·希青斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1989年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg/75px-Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg/113px-Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg/150px-Nci-vol-8172-300_j_michael_bishop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1834" data-file-height="2680" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E9%AB%98%C2%B7%E7%95%A2%E6%9B%89%E6%99%AE" title="米高·畢曉普">迈克尔·毕晓普</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E8%BD%AC%E5%BD%95%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" title="逆转录病毒">逆转录病毒</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%B4%E7%99%8C%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="致癌基因">致癌基因</a>的细胞来源” "for their discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1989-86">[86]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:HEVarmus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HEVarmus.jpg/75px-HEVarmus.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HEVarmus.jpg/113px-HEVarmus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/HEVarmus.jpg/150px-HEVarmus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="657" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E6%85%95%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="哈羅德·瓦慕斯">哈罗德·瓦慕斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1990年 </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%BB%98%E9%87%8C" title="约瑟夫·默里">约瑟夫·默里</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发明应用于人类疾病治疗的<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%A8%E5%AE%98%E7%A7%BB%E6%A4%8D" title="器官移植">器官和细胞移植术</a>” "for their discoveries concerning organ and cell transplantation in the treatment of human disease"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1990-87">[87]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg/75px-Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg/113px-Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg/150px-Edward_Donnall_%22Don%22_Thomas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="377" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="唐纳尔·托马斯">唐纳尔·托马斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1991年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg/75px-Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg/113px-Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg/150px-Erwin_neher_2007_lindau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1563" data-file-height="1433" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E6%BA%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%A7%E7%88%BE" title="厄溫·內爾">厄溫·內爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现细胞中单<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%80%9A%E9%81%93" title="离子通道">离子通道</a>的功能” "for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1991-88">[88]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Sakmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sakmann.jpg/75px-Sakmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sakmann.jpg/113px-Sakmann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Sakmann.jpg/150px-Sakmann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="1315" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="伯特·薩克曼">伯特·薩克曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1992年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg/75px-Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg/113px-Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg/150px-Edmond_Fischer_Nobel_Laureate_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="556" data-file-height="712" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94" title="埃德蒙·费希尔">埃德蒙·费希尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现的可逆的<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96" title="磷酸化">磷酸化</a>作用是一种生物调节机制” "for their discoveries concerning reversible protein phosphorylation as a biological regulatory mechanism"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1992-89">[89]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%B8%A9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="埃德温·克雷布斯">埃德温·克雷布斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1993年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Roberts,_Richard_John_(1943).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg/75px-Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg/113px-Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg/150px-Roberts%2C_Richard_John_%281943%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="682" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%AF%9F%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E8%8C%A8" title="理察·羅伯茨">理察·羅伯茨</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现断裂基因” "for their discoveries of split genes"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1993-90">[90]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg/75px-Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg/113px-Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg/150px-Phillip_A_Sharp_NIH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="157" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE" title="菲利普·夏普">菲利普·夏普</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1994年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Alfred_Goodman_Gilman_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="523" data-file-height="619" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%88%BE%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%97%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="艾爾佛列·古曼·吉爾曼">艾爾佛列·古曼·吉爾曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/G%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD" title="G蛋白">G蛋白</a>及其在细胞中的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E8%BD%AC%E5%AF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="信号转导">信号转导</a>作用” "for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1994-91">[91]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rodbell,_Martin_(1925-1998).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg/75px-Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg/113px-Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg/150px-Rodbell%2C_Martin_%281925-1998%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4871" data-file-height="5200" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE" title="馬丁·羅德貝爾">馬丁·羅德貝爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1995年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ed_Lewis_1986.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Ed_Lewis_1986.png/75px-Ed_Lewis_1986.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Ed_Lewis_1986.png/113px-Ed_Lewis_1986.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Ed_Lewis_1986.png/150px-Ed_Lewis_1986.png 2x" data-file-width="954" data-file-height="804" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7B%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="爱德华·B·路易斯">愛德華·路易斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现早期<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%83%8E%E7%99%BC%E8%82%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="胚胎發育">胚胎發育</a>中的遗传调控机理” "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1995-92">[92]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg/75px-Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg/113px-Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg/150px-Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard_mg_4383.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3876" data-file-height="2584" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97-%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="克里斯汀·紐斯林-沃爾哈德">克里斯汀·紐斯林-沃爾哈德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg/75px-Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg/113px-Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Eric_F._Wieschaus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="143" data-file-height="163" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%9E%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%96%AC%E6%96%AF" title="艾瑞克·威斯喬斯">艾瑞克·威斯喬斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">1996年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg/75px-Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg/113px-Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg/150px-Professor_Peter_C_Doherty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="989" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E8%B5%AB%E6%8F%90" title="彼得·杜赫提">彼得·杜赫提</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7%E5%A4%8D%E5%90%88%E4%BD%93" title="主要组织相容性复合体">细胞介导的免疫防御</a>特性” "for their discoveries concerning the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1996-93">[93]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg/75px-Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg/113px-Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg/150px-Rolf_Zinkernagel_Erudite_Conclave_medical_college_trivandrum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E5%85%8B%E7%B4%8D%E5%90%89" title="羅夫·辛克納吉">羅夫·辛克納吉</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/20px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/30px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Switzerland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Switzerland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Prusiner_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Prusiner_1.JPG/75px-Prusiner_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Prusiner_1.JPG/113px-Prusiner_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Prusiner_1.JPG/150px-Prusiner_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%9D%A6%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E5%B8%8C%E7%B4%8D" title="史坦利·布魯希納">史坦利·布魯希納</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8A%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="朊病毒">普里昂蛋白</a>——传染的一种新的生物学原理” "for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1997-94">[94]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">1998年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Drfurchgott.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Drfurchgott.jpg/75px-Drfurchgott.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Drfurchgott.jpg/113px-Drfurchgott.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Drfurchgott.jpg/150px-Drfurchgott.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="320" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E4%BD%9B%E5%A5%91%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9" title="羅伯·佛契哥特">羅伯·佛契哥特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现在心血管系统中起信号分子作用的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化氮">一氧化氮</a>” "for their discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1998-95">[95]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Ignarro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Louis_Ignarro.jpg/75px-Louis_Ignarro.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Louis_Ignarro.jpg/113px-Louis_Ignarro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Louis_Ignarro.jpg/150px-Louis_Ignarro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="168" data-file-height="215" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%BA%B3%E7%BD%97" title="路易斯·伊格纳罗">路易斯·伊格纳罗</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ferid_Murad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ferid_Murad.jpg/75px-Ferid_Murad.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ferid_Murad.jpg/113px-Ferid_Murad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ferid_Murad.jpg/150px-Ferid_Murad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="930" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%91%9E%C2%B7%E6%85%95%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7" title="費瑞·慕拉德">費瑞·慕拉德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG/75px-Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG/113px-Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG/150px-Gunter_Blobel_2008_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="354" data-file-height="529" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%BE" title="古特·布洛伯爾">古特·布洛伯爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td>“发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B4%A8" title="蛋白质">蛋白质</a>具有内在信号以控制其在细胞内的传递和定位” "for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-1999-96">[96]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2000年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/75px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/113px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg/150px-Arvid_Carlsson_2011a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3641" data-file-height="2823" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%E6%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾維德·卡爾森">阿爾維德·卡爾森</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="神经系统">神经系统</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%8A%E6%81%AF%E5%82%B3%E9%81%9E_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" title="訊息傳遞 (生物)">信号传导</a>” "for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2000-97">[97]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Greengard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Paul_Greengard.jpg/75px-Paul_Greengard.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Paul_Greengard.jpg/113px-Paul_Greengard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Paul_Greengard.jpg/150px-Paul_Greengard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="241" data-file-height="275" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="保罗·格林加德">保羅·格林加德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg/75px-Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg/113px-Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg/150px-Eric_Kandel_by_aquaris3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%9E%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="艾瑞克·坎德爾">艾瑞克·坎德爾</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21世纪获奖者">21世纪获奖者</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：21世纪获奖者">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001年至今">2001年至今</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：2001年至今">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>年份 </th> <th colspan="2">获奖者<a href="#endnote_1">[A]</a> </th> <th width="11%">国籍<a href="#endnote_2">[B]</a> </th> <th>获奖原因<a href="#endnote_3">[C]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2001年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Replace_this_image_male.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Replace_this_image_male.svg/75px-Replace_this_image_male.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Replace_this_image_male.svg/113px-Replace_this_image_male.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Replace_this_image_male.svg/150px-Replace_this_image_male.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94" title="利兰·哈特韦尔">利兰·哈特韦尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="细胞周期">细胞周期</a>的关键调节因子” "for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2001-98">[98]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Tim_hunt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tim_hunt.jpg/75px-Tim_hunt.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tim_hunt.jpg/113px-Tim_hunt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Tim_hunt.jpg/150px-Tim_hunt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="546" data-file-height="654" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%89%B9" title="蒂姆·亨特">蒂姆·亨特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg/75px-Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg/113px-Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg/150px-Paul_Nurse_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1556" data-file-height="1945" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF" title="保罗·纳斯">保罗·纳斯</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2002年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_(33208371153)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1387" data-file-height="1783" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%82%89%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="悉尼·布伦纳">悉尼·布伦纳</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现器官发育和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%80%A7%E6%AD%BB%E4%BA%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="细胞程序性死亡">细胞程序性死亡</a>的遗传调控机理” "for their discoveries concerning 'genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death'"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2002-99">[99]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/H%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E7%BB%B4%E8%8C%A8" title="H·罗伯特·霍维茨">H·罗伯特·霍维茨</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_Sulston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/John_Sulston.jpg/75px-John_Sulston.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/John_Sulston.jpg/113px-John_Sulston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/John_Sulston.jpg/150px-John_Sulston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1102" data-file-height="1083" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7E%C2%B7%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="约翰·E·苏尔斯顿">约翰·E·苏尔斯顿</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2003年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Lauterbur_2003_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Paul_Lauterbur_2003_cropped.jpg/75px-Paul_Lauterbur_2003_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Paul_Lauterbur_2003_cropped.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="97" data-file-height="123" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%AF" title="保罗·劳特伯">保罗·劳特伯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%A3%81%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="核磁共振成像">核磁共振成像</a>方面的发现” "for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2003-100">[100]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg/75px-Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg/113px-Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg/150px-Peter_Mansfield_Leipzig.jpg 2x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="394" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="彼得·曼斯菲尔德">彼得·曼斯菲尔德</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2004年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Richard_Axel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg/75px-Richard_Axel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg/113px-Richard_Axel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Richard_Axel.jpg/150px-Richard_Axel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="383" data-file-height="477" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="理查德·阿克塞尔">理查德·阿克塞尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%97%85%E8%A6%BA%E5%8F%97%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="嗅覺受體">嗅觉受体</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%97%85%E8%A6%BA%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="嗅覺系統">嗅觉系统</a>的组织方式” "for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2004-101">[101]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg/75px-LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg/113px-LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg/150px-LindaBuck_cropped_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="600" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%B3%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B" title="琳达·巴克">琳达·巴克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2005年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg/75px-Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg/113px-Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg/150px-Barry_Marshall_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="414" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94" title="巴里·马歇尔">巴里·马歇尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BD%E9%97%A8%E8%9E%BA%E6%9D%86%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="幽门螺杆菌">幽门螺杆菌</a>及其在<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83%E7%82%8E" title="胃炎">胃炎</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%83%E6%BA%83%E7%96%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="胃溃疡">胃溃疡</a>中所起的作用” "for their discovery of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2005-102">[102]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Robin_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Robin_Warren.jpg/75px-Robin_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Robin_Warren.jpg/113px-Robin_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Robin_Warren.jpg/150px-Robin_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="956" data-file-height="1107" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%BE%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E4%BC%A6" title="罗宾·沃伦">罗宾·沃伦</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2006年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Fire,_Stanford_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg/75px-Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg/113px-Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg/150px-Andrew_Fire%2C_Stanford_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="250" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E5%8E%84" title="安德鲁·法厄">安德鲁·法厄</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现了<a href="/wiki/RNA%E5%B9%B2%E6%89%B0" title="RNA干扰">RNA干扰</a>——双链RNA引发的沉默现象” "for their discovery of RNA interference - gene silencing by double-stranded RNA"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2006-103">[103]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Craig_Mello_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Craig_Mello_01.JPG/75px-Craig_Mello_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="69" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Craig_Mello_01.JPG/113px-Craig_Mello_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Craig_Mello_01.JPG/150px-Craig_Mello_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4252" data-file-height="3903" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E6%B4%9B" title="克雷格·梅洛">克雷格·梅洛</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2007年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG/75px-Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG/113px-Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG/150px-Mario_Capecchi_UTHSCSA.JPG 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="256" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%A9%E5%A5%87" title="马里奥·卡佩奇">马里奥·卡佩奇</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“在利用<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%9A%E8%83%8E%E5%B9%B2%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="胚胎干细胞">胚胎干细胞</a>引入特异性基因修饰的原理上的发现” "for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells."<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2007-104">[104]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg/75px-Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg/113px-Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg/150px-Martin_Evans_Nobel_Prize.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="3240" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF" title="马丁·埃文斯">马丁·埃文斯</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Oliver-smithies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oliver-smithies.jpg/75px-Oliver-smithies.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oliver-smithies.jpg/113px-Oliver-smithies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oliver-smithies.jpg/150px-Oliver-smithies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1800" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="奥利弗·史密斯">奥利弗·史密斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2008年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th,_2008-6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg/75px-Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg/113px-Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg/150px-Harald_zur_Hausen-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2217" data-file-height="3139" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%A5%9A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B1%AA%E6%A3%AE" title="哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森">哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> </td> <td>“发现了导致<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%AE%AE%E9%A0%B8%E7%99%8C" title="子宮頸癌">子宫颈癌</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%A4%B4%E7%8A%B6%E7%98%A4%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="人乳头状瘤病毒">人乳头状瘤病毒</a>” "for his discovery of human papilloma viruses causing cervical cancer"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2008-105">[105]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th,_2008-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg/75px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg/113px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg/150px-Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi-press_conference_Dec_06th%2C_2008-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="1300" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%9D%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94-%E8%A5%BF%E8%AF%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西">弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%BC%BA%E9%99%B7%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="人类免疫缺陷病毒">人类免疫缺陷病毒</a>（即艾滋病病毒）” "for their discovery of human immunodeficiency virus"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2008-105">[105]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg/75px-LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg/113px-LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg/150px-LucMontagnier1995_065.jpg 2x" data-file-width="932" data-file-height="1185" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="吕克·蒙塔尼">吕克·蒙塔尼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2009年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG/75px-Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG/113px-Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG/150px-Elizabeth_Blackburn_2009-01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1478" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%AC" title="伊丽莎白·布莱克本">伊丽莎白·布莱克本</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“發現<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%AF%E7%B2%92" title="端粒">端粒</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%AF%E7%B2%92%E9%85%B6" title="端粒酶">端粒酶</a>如何保護<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="染色體">染色體</a>” "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2009-106">[106]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG/75px-Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG/113px-Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG/150px-Carol_Greider_2009-01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1272" data-file-height="1478" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="卡罗尔·格雷德">卡羅爾·格雷德</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg/75px-Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg/113px-Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg/150px-Nobel_Prize_2009-Press_Conference_Physiology_or_Medicine-16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1903" data-file-height="2709" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%BB%8D%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B" title="杰克·绍斯塔克">傑克·紹斯塔克</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td nowrap="">2010年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_(2010).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg/75px-Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg/113px-Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg/150px-Robert_Geoffrey_Edwards_%282010%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="476" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="罗伯特·杰弗里·爱德华兹">罗伯特·杰弗里·爱德华兹</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td>“因为在<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%95%E7%AE%A1%E5%A9%B4%E5%84%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="试管婴儿">试管婴儿</a>方面的研究获奖” "for the development of in vitro fertilization"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2010-107">[107]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2011年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Bruce_Beutler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bruce_Beutler.jpg/80px-Bruce_Beutler.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bruce_Beutler.jpg/120px-Bruce_Beutler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Bruce_Beutler.jpg/160px-Bruce_Beutler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2143" data-file-height="2088" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E4%BC%8A%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92" title="布鲁斯·博伊特勒">布鲁斯·博伊特勒</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">"他們對於<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E5%A4%A9%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="先天免疫">先天免疫</a>機制激活的發現" "for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2011-108">[108]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg/75px-Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg/113px-Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg/150px-Nobel_Prize_2011-Press_Conference_KI-DSC_7581.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2431" data-file-height="3647" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7A%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="朱尔·A·奥夫曼">朱尔·A·奥夫曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:RMSt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/RMSt.jpg/75px-RMSt.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/RMSt.jpg/113px-RMSt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/RMSt.jpg/150px-RMSt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="614" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%9B%BC" title="拉尔夫·斯坦曼">拉尔夫·斯坦曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="1">"他發現<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%B9%E7%8B%80%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="樹狀細胞">樹狀細胞</a>和其在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%A4%A9%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="後天免疫">後天免疫</a>中的作用" "for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2011-108">[108]</a> (awarded posthumously)<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2012年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG/75px-John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG/113px-John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG/150px-John_Gurdon_Cambridge_2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="732" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E7%99%BB" title="约翰·格登">约翰·格登</a>爵士 </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“發現成熟細胞可被<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B1%E5%AF%BC%E6%80%A7%E5%A4%9A%E5%8A%9F%E8%83%BD%E5%B9%B2%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="诱导性多功能干细胞">重寫</a>成多功能細胞” "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2012-110">[110]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg/75px-Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg/113px-Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg/150px-Shinya_yamanaka10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="885" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%AD%E4%BC%B8%E5%BD%8C" title="山中伸彌">山中伸彌</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2013年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:James_Edward_Rothman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/James_Edward_Rothman.jpg/75px-James_Edward_Rothman.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/James_Edward_Rothman.jpg/113px-James_Edward_Rothman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/James_Edward_Rothman.jpg/150px-James_Edward_Rothman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="1052" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="詹姆斯·罗斯曼">詹姆斯·罗斯曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现了细胞<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%8A%E6%B3%A1" title="囊泡">囊泡</a>交通的运行与调节机制” "for their discoveries of machinery regulating vesicle traffic, a major transport system in our cells"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2013-111">[111]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg/75px-Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg/113px-Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg/150px-Randy_Schekman_8_February_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2463" data-file-height="2832" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="兰迪·谢克曼">兰迪·谢克曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg/75px-Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg/113px-Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg/150px-Thomas_c_s%C3%BCdhof.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3184" data-file-height="2120" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%81%9A%E5%BE%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="托马斯·聚德霍夫">托马斯·聚德霍夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2014年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:John_O%27Keefe_(neuroscientist)_2014b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg/75px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg/113px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg/150px-John_O%27Keefe_%28neuroscientist%29_2014b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1792" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%AB" title="约翰·奥基夫">约翰·奥基夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%86%E8%83%9E" title="网格细胞">构成大脑定位系统的细胞</a>” "for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2014-112">[112]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg/75px-May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg/113px-May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg/150px-May-Britt_Moser_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="973" data-file-height="1101" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88-%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%BD" title="迈-布里特·莫泽">迈-布里特·莫泽</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Edvard_Moser.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Edvard_Moser.jpg/75px-Edvard_Moser.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Edvard_Moser.jpg/113px-Edvard_Moser.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Edvard_Moser.jpg/150px-Edvard_Moser.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1148" data-file-height="1105" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%BD" title="爱德华·莫泽">爱德华·莫泽</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2015年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/75px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/113px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg/150px-William_C._Campbell_4983-1-2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2335" data-file-height="2335" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7C%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="威廉·C·坎贝尔">威廉·C·坎贝尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“发现治疗<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BF%E8%99%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="线虫">線蟲</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%84%E7%94%9F%E8%99%AB" title="寄生虫">寄生虫</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BB%B4%E8%8F%8C%E7%B4%A0" title="阿维菌素">新疗法</a>” "for their discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2015-113">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg/75px-Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg/113px-Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg/150px-Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura_5086-1-2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2570" data-file-height="2871" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%9D%91%E6%99%BA" title="大村智">大村智</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg/75px-Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg/113px-Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg/150px-Tu_Youyou_5012-1-2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2833" data-file-height="2833" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E5%91%A6%E5%91%A6" title="屠呦呦">屠呦呦</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a> </td> <td>“发现治疗<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%9F%E7%96%BE" title="疟疾">疟疾</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E8%92%BF%E7%B4%A0" title="青蒿素">新疗法</a>” "for her discoveries concerning a novel therapy against Malaria"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2015-113">[113]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_Laureates_1042_(30647248184).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg/75px-Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg/113px-Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg/150px-Nobel_Laureates_1042_%2830647248184%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9A%85%E8%89%AF%E5%85%B8" title="大隅良典">大隅良典</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td> <td>“對細胞<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E5%99%AC" title="自噬">自噬</a>機制的發現” "for his discoveries of mechanisms for autophagy"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2016-114">[114]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2017年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_(25006072818).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg/75px-Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg/113px-Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg/150px-Jeffrey_C._Hall_D81_4312_%2825006072818%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2873" data-file-height="3591" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94" title="杰弗里·霍尔">杰弗里·霍尔</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“對控制<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%9D%E5%A4%9C%E7%AF%80%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="晝夜節律">晝夜節律</a>分子機制的發現” "for their discoveries of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2017-115">[115]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_(38847326642).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg/75px-Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg/113px-Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg/150px-Michael_Rosbash_EM1B8756_%2838847326642%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2493" data-file-height="3116" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%80" title="迈克尔·罗斯巴什">迈克尔·罗斯巴什</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_(38162409324).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg/75px-Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg/113px-Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg/150px-Michael_W._Young_D81_4397_%2838162409324%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2626" data-file-height="3282" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%89%AC_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="迈克尔·扬 (生物学家)">迈克尔·扬</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2018年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_(46157222712).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg/75px-James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg/113px-James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg/150px-James_P._Allison_EM1B5564_%2846157222712%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3336" data-file-height="3336" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·艾利森">詹姆斯·艾利森</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“發現以抑制負性免疫調節<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%8C%E7%97%87%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E7%96%97%E6%B3%95" title="癌症免疫疗法">治療癌症</a>的方法” "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2018-116">[116]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_(46157227432).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg/75px-Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg/113px-Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg/150px-Tasuku_Honjo_EM1B5529_%2846157227432%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3354" data-file-height="3354" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%BA%B6%E4%BD%91" title="本庶佑">本庶佑</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2019年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg/75px-William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg/113px-William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg/150px-William_G._Kaelin_Jr._UNIST_CGI_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2011" data-file-height="2933" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E6%9E%97" title="威廉·凯林">威廉·凱林</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“發現細胞感知和適應氧氣供應的機制” "for their discoveries of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2019-117">[117]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_J._Ratcliffe_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Peter_J._Ratcliffe_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="651" data-file-height="815" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%AB" title="彼得·拉特克利夫">彼得·拉特克利夫</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_(49204052292)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Nobel_9_Dec_2019_012_copy_%2849204052292%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2708" data-file-height="2697" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E9%97%A8%E6%89%8E" title="格雷格·塞门扎">格雷格·塞門扎</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3">2020年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg/75px-Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg/113px-Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg/150px-Harvey_J_Alter_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1157" data-file-height="1390" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="哈维·阿尔特">哈维·奥尔特</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">“发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85%E6%AF%92" class="mw-redirect" title="丙肝病毒">丙肝病毒</a>” "for the discovery of Hepatitis C virus"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2020-118">[118]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg/75px-Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg/113px-Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg/150px-Prof_Michael_Houghton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="930" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E9%A1%BF" title="迈克尔·霍顿">迈克尔·霍顿</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_M._Rice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Charles_M._Rice.jpg/75px-Charles_M._Rice.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Charles_M._Rice.jpg/113px-Charles_M._Rice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Charles_M._Rice.jpg/150px-Charles_M._Rice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="269" data-file-height="262" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7M%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·M·赖斯">查尔斯·M·赖斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2021年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg/113px-Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Dr_David_Julius_by_christopher_michel_in_2022_04_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3685" data-file-height="3682" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF" title="戴维·朱利叶斯">戴维·朱利叶斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“發現溫度和觸覺的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E9%AB%94_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8)" class="mw-redirect" title="受體 (生物化學)">受體</a>” "for their discoveries of receptors for temperature and touch"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2021-119">[119]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg/75px-Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg/113px-Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg/150px-Ardem_Patapoutian_by_C_Michel_67.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6816" data-file-height="9088" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%A1%94%E6%99%AE%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89" title="阿登·帕塔普蒂安">阿德姆·帕塔普蒂安</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9" title="黎巴嫩">黎巴嫩</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg/75px-Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg/113px-Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg/150px-Professor_Svante_Paabo_ForMemRS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1440" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%87%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E5%8D%9A" title="斯万特·佩博">斯万特·佩博</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a> </td> <td>“對<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%A1%94%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="尼安德塔人">已灭绝古人类</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%BB%84" class="mw-redirect" title="基因组">基因组</a>及人类进化方面的发现” "for his discoveries concerning the genomes of extinct hominins and human evolution"<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2023年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg/75px-Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg/113px-Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg/150px-Karik%C3%B3_Katalin_Szegeden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="605" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E9%87%8C%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="考里科·卡塔林">考里科·卡塔林</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“對<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%8B%B7" title="核苷">核苷</a>基<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%BD%95%E5%90%8E%E4%BF%AE%E9%A5%B0" title="转录后修饰">修飾</a>方面的發現，使開發針對<a href="/wiki/COVID-19" class="mw-redirect" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>有效的<a href="/wiki/MRNA%E7%96%AB%E8%8B%97" class="mw-redirect" title="MRNA疫苗">mRNA疫苗</a>變成可能” "for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2023-121">[121]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg/75px-Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg/113px-Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg/150px-Drew_Weissman_Life_Science_medalist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="564" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="德鲁·韦斯曼">德鲁·韦斯曼</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2024年 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Ambros3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ambros3.jpg/75px-Ambros3.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ambros3.jpg/113px-Ambros3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Ambros3.jpg/150px-Ambros3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1625" data-file-height="1453" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="维克托·安布罗斯">维克托·安布罗斯</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">“發現<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="小分子核糖核酸">小分子核糖核酸</a>及其在<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AC%E5%BD%95%E5%90%8E%E4%BF%AE%E9%A5%B0" title="转录后修饰">基因转录后修饰</a>的作用” "for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation"<a href="#cite_note-nobel-2024-122">[122]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/File:Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg/75px-Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg/113px-Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg/150px-Gruber_Prize_Laureate_Gary_Ruvkun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1566" data-file-height="1329" /></a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E5%A4%AB%E6%98%86" title="加里·鲁夫昆">加里·鲁夫昆</a> </td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释">注释</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：注释">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="#ref_1">^</a> A. 这里的中文姓名是根据<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔基金会">诺贝尔基金会</a>的官方主页（nobelprize.org）提供英文名字的翻译，对于得奖者的原名或其他名字，可从该得奖者的条目中了解。华人或日本人姓名按中文和日文姓名习惯翻译。尽可能提供了每一位获奖者的照片；如果需要，可以到诺贝尔基金会的官方主页上查询每一位获奖者的照片。 <a href="#ref_2">^</a> B. 这里的国家信息是根据诺贝尔基金会的官方主页提供的信息列出，并不一定为得奖者真实的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E7%B1%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="国籍">国籍</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%94%9F%E5%9C%B0" title="出生地">出生地</a>。 <a href="#ref_3">^</a> C. 这里所引用的获奖理由是根据诺贝尔基金会的官方主页提供的英文原文翻译列出，英文原文被列于中文翻译之后以供查对。这一栏中的条目链接是与获奖者的获奖原因相关的研究领域与历史；这些链接这是作为指引和解释，需要了解每一位获奖者的具体工作，请由名字一栏中的链接到对应得奖者的条目中查看，或到诺贝尔基金会的官方主页中相关获奖者的页面中查看。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：参考文献">编辑</a>]</div> <dl><dt>主要依据</dt></dl> <ul><li>（英文）<cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/">所有诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔基金会">诺贝尔基金会</a>（Nobel Foundation）. [2008-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602183732/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/">存档</a>于2016-06-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=%E6%89%80%E6%9C%89%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97%E8%80%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A%EF%BC%88Nobel+Foundation%EF%BC%89&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li>（英文）<cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/nobelprize/browse?browseId=255938">诺贝尔奖获得者</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6" title="大英百科全书">大英百科全书</a>. [2008-10-15]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110920135012/http://www.britannica.com/nobelprize/browse?browseId=255938">存档</a>于2011-09-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97%E8%80%85&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fnobelprize%2Fbrowse%3FbrowseId%3D255938&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <dl><dt>具体引用</dt></dl> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/">The Nobel Prize</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔基金会">Nobel Foundation</a>. [2008-11-21]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6HYcbFdx8?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/">存档</a>于2013-06-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/amount.html">The Nobel Prize Amounts</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2008-11-21]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081109024636/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/amount.html">存档</a>于2008-11-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+Amounts&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Famount.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100131133649/http://nobelprize.org/award_ceremonies/">The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2008-11-21]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/award_ceremonies/">原始内容</a>存档于2010-01-31）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+Award+Ceremonies&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Faward_ceremonies%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202025710/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/nobelprize_facts.html">Nobel Laureates Facts</a>. Nobelprize.org. [2008-11-21]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/nobelprize_facts.html">原始内容</a>存档于2007-02-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=Nobel+Laureates+Facts&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobelprize.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fnobelprize_facts.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/women.html">Women Nobel Laureates</a>. Nobel Foundation. 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[2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602135507/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1919/index.html">存档</a>于2007-06-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1919&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1919%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1920-22"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1920_22-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1920/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1920</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823060540/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1920/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1920&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1920%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1922-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1922_23-0">23.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1922_23-1">23.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1922/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1922</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070823023132/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1922/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1922&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1922%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1923-24"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1923_24-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1923/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1923</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070922025728/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1923/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1923&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1923%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1924-25"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1924_25-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1924/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1924</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/650UDBVr0?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1924/index.html">存档</a>于2012-01-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1924&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1924%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1926-26"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1926_26-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1926/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1926</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930041628/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1926/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1926&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1926%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1927-27"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1927_27-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1927/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070822215200/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1927/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1927&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1927%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1928-28"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1928_28-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1928/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1928</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011084610/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1928/index.html">存档</a>于2007-10-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1928&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1928%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1929-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1929_29-0">29.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1929_29-1">29.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1929/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1929</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930014514/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1929/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1929&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1929%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1930-30"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1930_30-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1930/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1930</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818085239/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1930/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1930&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1930%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1931-31"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1931_31-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1931/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1931</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070514061130/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1931/index.html">存档</a>于2007-05-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1931&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1931%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1932-32"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1932_32-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1932/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1932</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708051443/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1932/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1932&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1932%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1933-33"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1933_33-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1933/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1933</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070821164106/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1933/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1933&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1933%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1934-34"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1934_34-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1934/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090216214717/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1934/index.html">存档</a>于2009-02-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1934&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1934%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1935-35"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1935_35-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1935/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1935</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708014752/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1935/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1935&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1935%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1936-36"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1936_36-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1936/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1936</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912175810/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1936/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1936&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1936%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1937-37"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1937_37-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1937/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070514060412/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1937/index.html">存档</a>于2007-05-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1937&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1937%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1938-38"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1938_38-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1938/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1938</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930042256/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1938/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1938&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1938%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1939-39"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1939_39-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1939/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1939</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65nWeHN3Y?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1939/index.html">存档</a>于2012-02-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1939&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1939%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1943-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1943_40-0">40.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1943_40-1">40.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1943/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1943</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65nWfeB34?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1943/index.html">存档</a>于2012-02-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1943&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1943%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1944-41"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1944_41-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1944/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1944</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090218085309/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1944/index.html">存档</a>于2009-02-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1944&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1944%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1945-42"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1945_42-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1945</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070821164424/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1945/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1945&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1945%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1946-43"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1946_43-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1946/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1946</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929211857/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1946/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1946&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1946%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1947-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1947_44-0">44.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1947_44-1">44.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1947/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1947</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818194835/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1947/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1947&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1947%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1948-45"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1948_45-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1948/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1948</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070514054717/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1948/index.html">存档</a>于2007-05-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1948&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1948%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1949-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1949_46-0">46.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1949_46-1">46.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930035654/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1949/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1949&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1949%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1950-47"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1950_47-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1950/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1950</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011130111/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1950/index.html">存档</a>于2007-10-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1950&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1950%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1951-48"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1951_48-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1951/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1951</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011130116/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1951/index.html">存档</a>于2007-10-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1951&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1951%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1952-49"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1952_49-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1952/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1952</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929161425/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1952/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1952&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1952%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1953-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1953_50-0">50.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1953_50-1">50.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1953/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1953</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070607220439/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1953/index.html">存档</a>于2007-06-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1953&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1953%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1954-51"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1954_51-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1954/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011084701/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1954/index.html">存档</a>于2007-10-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1954&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1954%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1955-52"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1955_52-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1955/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1955</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011084711/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1955/index.html">存档</a>于2007-10-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1955&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1955%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1956-53"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1956_53-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1956/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1956</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929223109/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1956/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1956&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1956%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1957-54"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1957_54-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1957/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1957</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929160117/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1957/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1957&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1957%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1958-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1958_55-0">55.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1958_55-1">55.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1958/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1958</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070706121546/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1958/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1958&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1958%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1959-56"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1959_56-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1959/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1959</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070819114725/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1959/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1959&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1959%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1960-57"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1960_57-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1960/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1960</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070715184243/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1960/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1960&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1960%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1961-58"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1961_58-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1961/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1961</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929142105/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1961/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1961&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1961%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1962-59"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1962_59-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1962/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1962</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708050555/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1962/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1962&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1962%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1963-60"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1963_60-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1963/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1963</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070716195411/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1963/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1963&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1963%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1964-61"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1964_61-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1964/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1964</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930014908/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1964/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1964&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1964%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1965-62"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1965_62-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1965/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1965</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912130759/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1965/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1965&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1965%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1966-63">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1966_63-0">63.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1966_63-1">63.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1966/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1966</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929145218/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1966/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1966&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1966%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1967-64"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1967_64-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1967/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1967</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929205528/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1967/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1967&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1967%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1968-65"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1968_65-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1968/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1968</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070706142958/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1968/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1968&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1968%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1969-66"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1969_66-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1969/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1969</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6He8q16yE?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1969/index.html">存档</a>于2013-06-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1969&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1969%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1970-67"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1970_67-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1970/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1970</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070708014033/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1970/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1970&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1970%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1971-68"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1971_68-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1971/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1971</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070602143410/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1971/index.html">存档</a>于2007-06-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1971&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1971%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1972-69"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1972_69-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1972/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1972</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070810121740/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1972/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1972&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1972%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1973-70"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1973_70-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1973/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1973</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070819023653/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1973/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1973&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1973%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1974-71"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1974_71-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1974/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1974</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929161052/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1974/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1974&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1974%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1975-72"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1975_72-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1975/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1975</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070910113226/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1975/index.html">存档</a>于2007-09-10）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1975&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1975%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1976-73"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1976_73-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1976/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1976</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718161307/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1976/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1976&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1976%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1977-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1977_74-0">74.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1977_74-1">74.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1977/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1977</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718162927/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1977/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1977&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1977%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1978-75"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1978_75-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1978/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1978</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090307025519/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1978/index.html">存档</a>于2009-03-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1978&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1978%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1979-76"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1979_76-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1979/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1979</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718171652/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1979/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1979&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1979%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1980-77"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1980_77-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1980</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718015044/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1980/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1980&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1980%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1981-78">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1981_78-0">78.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1981_78-1">78.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1981/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1981</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212125613/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1981/index.html">存档</a>于2009-02-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1981&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1981%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1982-79"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1982_79-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1982/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1982</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718022016/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1982/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1982&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1982%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1983-80"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1983_80-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1983/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1983</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718160129/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1983/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1983&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1983%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1984-81"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1984_81-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1984</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172014/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1984&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1984%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1985-82"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1985_82-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1985/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1985</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172236/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1985/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1985&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1985%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1986-83"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1986_83-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1986/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1986</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718021750/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1986/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1986&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1986%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1987-84"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1987_84-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1987/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1987</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718014635/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1987/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1987&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1987%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1988-85"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1988_85-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1988/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172547/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1988/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1988&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1988%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1989-86"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1989_86-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1989/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1989</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718160218/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1989/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1989&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1989%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1990-87"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1990_87-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1990/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1990</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818042333/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1990/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1990&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1990%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1991-88"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1991_88-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1991/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172655/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1991/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1991&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1991%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1992-89"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1992_89-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1992/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1992</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718163002/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1992/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1992&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1992%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1993-90"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1993_90-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1993/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1993</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818042000/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1993/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1993&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1993%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1994-91"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1994_91-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1994/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1994</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718161542/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1994/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1994&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1994%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1995-92"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1995_92-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1995/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1995</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172844/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1995/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1995&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1995%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1996-93"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1996_93-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1996/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1996</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718171932/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1996/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1996&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1996%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1997-94"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1997_94-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1997/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1997</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718171822/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1997/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1997&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1997%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1998-95"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1998_95-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1998/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1998</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718031337/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1998/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1998&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1998%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-1999-96"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-1999_96-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1999/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1999</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172945/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1999/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+1999&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1999%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2000-97"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2000_97-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2000/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2000</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718015103/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2000/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2000&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2000%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2001-98"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2001_98-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2001/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2001</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718160029/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2001/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2001&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2001%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2002-99"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2002_99-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2002/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2002</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172927/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2002/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2002&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2002%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2003-100"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2003_100-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2003/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2003</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070718172340/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2003/index.html">存档</a>于2007-07-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2003&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2003%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2004-101"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2004_101-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2004/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070819024142/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2004/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2004&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2004%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2005-102"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2005_102-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2005/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2005</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160514080429/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2005/index.html">存档</a>于2016-05-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2005&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2005%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2006-103"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2006_103-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2006/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2006</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-07-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818035546/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2006/index.html">存档</a>于2007-08-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2006&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2006%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2007-104"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2007_104-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2007/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2007</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2007-10-08]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65onoZsmn?url=http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2007/index.html">存档</a>于2012-02-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2007%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2008-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2008_105-0">105.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2008_105-1">105.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2008/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2008</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2008-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081009040944/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2008/index.html">存档</a>于2008-10-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2008%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2009-106"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2009_106-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2009/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2009</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2009-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091008004217/http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2009/index.html">存档</a>于2009-10-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2009%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2010-107"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2010_107-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2010/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2010</a>. Nobel Foundation. 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Nobel Foundation. 2011-10-03 [2011-10-04]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/press/nobelfoundation/press_releases/2011/steinman.html">原始内容</a>存档于2011-10-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=Ralph+Steinman+Remains+Nobel+Laureate&rft.date=2011-10-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fpress%2Fnobelfoundation%2Fpress_releases%2F2011%2Fsteinman.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2012-110"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2012_110-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2012/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2012</a>. Nobel Foundation. 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[2013-10-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203082337/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2013/">存档</a>于2013-12-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2013&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2013%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2014-112"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2014_112-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2014-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101083816/http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2014/">存档</a>于2016-01-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2014&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2014%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2015-113">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2015_113-0">113.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2015_113-1">113.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2015/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2015</a>. Nobel Foundation. 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[2019-10-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190709073000/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2019/summary/">存档</a>于2019-07-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2019&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2019%2Fsummary%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2020-118"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2020_118-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2020/summary/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2020</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2020-10-05]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005113756/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2020/summary//">存档</a>于2020-10-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2020&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2020%2Fsummary%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2021-119"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2021_119-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2021/summary/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2021-10-05]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211004114036/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2021/press-release/?related=1&_pjax=%23pjax-well">存档</a>于2021-10-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2021&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2021%2Fsummary%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2022/press-release/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2022</a>. NobelPrize.org. [2022-10-03]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221003134750/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2022/summary/?_pjax=%23pjax-well">存档</a>于2022-10-03） （美国英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2022&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2022%2Fpress-release%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2023-121"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2023_121-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2023/summary/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2023-10-02]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231002202612/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2023/summary/">存档</a>于2023-10-02）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2023&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2023%2Fsummary%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-nobel-2024-122"><a href="#cite_ref-nobel-2024_122-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2024/summary/">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2024</a>. Nobel Foundation. [2024-10-07].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&rft.btitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Physiology+or+Medicine+2024&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Nobel+Foundation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fmedicine%2F2024%2Fsummary%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結">外部連結</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：外部連結">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Nobel_laureates_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主列表</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/">诺贝尔基金会官方网站</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060405023917/http://nobelprize.org/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） （英文）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090203143621/http://nobelpreis.org/chinese/medizin.html">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主列表</a> （中文）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见">参见</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：参见">编辑</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B8" title="各國諾貝爾獎得主人數">各國諾貝爾獎得主人數</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe 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li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="诺贝尔奖" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#ffd777;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NobelPrizes" title="Template:NobelPrizes"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NobelPrizes" title="Template talk:NobelPrizes"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:NobelPrizes" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:NobelPrizes"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="诺贝尔奖" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔奖">诺贝尔奖</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777;">獎項</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔物理学奖">物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔化学奖">化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖">生理学或医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔文学奖">文學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔和平奖">和平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔经济学奖">經濟學</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="諾貝爾獎得主列表">得主</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777; font-weight:normal">按獎項</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="诺贝尔物理学奖得主列表">物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="诺贝尔化学奖得主列表">化學</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">生理医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="諾貝爾文學獎得主列表">文學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="諾貝爾和平獎得主列表">和平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="诺贝尔经济学奖得主列表">經濟學</a>1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777; font-weight:normal">按分類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%B8" title="各國諾貝爾獎得主人數">各國人數</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="亚洲诺贝尔奖得主列表">亚洲</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拉丁美洲诺贝尔奖得主列表（页面不存在）">拉丁美洲</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲诺贝尔奖得主列表（页面不存在）">非洲</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大洋洲诺贝尔奖得主列表（页面不存在）">大洋洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="华人诺贝尔奖得主列表">華人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BA%BA%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB" title="日本人諾貝爾獎得主">日本人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="韩国诺贝尔奖得主列表">韓國人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="印度诺贝尔奖得主列表">印度人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="以色列诺贝尔奖得主列表">以色列人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="波兰诺贝尔奖得主列表">波兰人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E4%BA%BA%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="黑人诺贝尔奖得主列表">黑人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="猶太人諾貝爾獎得主列表">猶太人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="諾貝爾獎女性得主列表">女性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%92%E7%B5%95%E9%A0%98%E5%8F%96%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="拒絕領取諾貝爾獎人物列表">拒絕領獎</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777; font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各大學諾貝爾獎得主列表">按大学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="京都大學諾貝爾獎得主列表">京都大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伦敦大学学院诺贝尔奖得主列表">伦敦大学学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="伦敦帝国学院诺贝尔奖得主列表">伦敦帝国学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="慕尼黑大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">慕尼黑大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="慕尼黑工业大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">慕尼黑工业大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="哥倫比亞大學諾貝爾獎得主列表">哥伦比亚大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="普林斯顿大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">普林斯顿大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="宾夕法尼亚大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">宾夕法尼亚大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%8E%E7%9B%9B%E9%A1%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="圣路易斯华盛顿大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">圣路易斯华盛顿大学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%B8%82%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%96%E5%BE%97%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="纽约市立大学诺贝尔奖得主列表">纽约市立大学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777;">組織</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔基金会">诺贝尔基金会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="諾貝爾委員會">諾貝爾委員會</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔物理学委员会">物理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔化学委员会">化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="诺贝尔生理学或医学委员会">生理學或醫學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="诺贝尔文学委员会（页面不存在）">文學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="挪威诺贝尔委员会">和平</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="纪念阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔经济学奖委员会">经济</a>1</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E7%90%B3%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A" title="卡罗琳学院诺贝尔大会">卡罗琳学院诺贝尔大会</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#ffd777;">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔">阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E7%8D%8E%E7%88%AD%E8%AD%B0" title="諾貝爾獎爭議">爭議</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #ffd777;"><div>注：1實際上為瑞典中央銀行紀念阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾經濟學獎，此非阿爾弗雷德·諾貝爾遺囑規劃的獎項，是由<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" title="瑞典中央銀行">瑞典中央銀行</a>出資設立以紀念諾貝爾。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97%E8%80%85" title="Template:诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97%E8%80%85" title="Template talk:诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96%E8%8E%B7%E5%BE%97%E8%80%85" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%96%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔生理学或医学奖">诺贝尔生理学或医学奖</a><a class="mw-selflink selflink">获得者</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d3d3d3; text-align: center;">1901年－1925年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 1901年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E6%9E%97" title="埃米尔·阿道夫·冯·贝林">贝林</a> / 1902年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="罗纳德·罗斯">罗斯</a> / 1903年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%90%95%E8%B4%9D%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%8A%AC%E6%A3%AE" title="尼尔斯·吕贝里·芬森">芬森</a> / 1904年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%90%AC%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%94%AB%E6%B4%9B%E5%A4%AB" title="伊萬·巴甫洛夫">巴甫洛夫</a> / 1905年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB" title="罗伯特·科赫">科赫</a> / 1906年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%B1%B3%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%AB%98%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%BA" title="卡米洛·高尔基">高尔基</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A%E5%93%A5%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%92%99-%E5%8D%A1%E5%93%88%E5%B0%94" title="圣地亚哥·拉蒙-卡哈尔">拉蒙-卡哈尔</a> / 1907年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%96%B9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E9%9F%A6%E6%9C%97" title="夏尔·路易·阿方斯·拉韦朗">拉韦朗</a> / 1908年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%A5%91%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%AF%E5%A4%AB" title="伊利亞·梅契尼可夫">梅契尼可夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%8C" title="保罗·埃尔利希">埃尔利希</a> / 1909年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%A5%A7%E5%A4%9A%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE" title="埃米爾·特奧多爾·科赫爾">科赫尔</a> / 1910年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="阿尔布雷希特·科塞尔">科塞尔</a> / 1911年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E7%93%A6%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E5%BE%B7" title="阿爾瓦·古爾斯特蘭德">古尔斯特兰德</a> / 1912年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94" title="亚历克西·卡雷尔">卡雷尔</a> / 1913年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%AD%87" title="夏尔·罗贝尔·里歇">里歇</a> / 1914年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC" title="羅伯特·巴拉尼">巴拉尼</a> / 1919年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%A3" title="朱爾·博爾代">博尔代</a> / 1920年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85" title="奧古斯特·克羅">克罗</a> / 1922年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A5%87%E5%8D%9A%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE" title="阿奇博爾德·希爾">希尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E9%82%81%E7%88%BE%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="奧托·邁爾霍夫">迈尔霍夫</a> / 1923年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%8F%AD%E5%BB%B7" title="弗雷德里克·班廷">班廷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%9E%E5%BE%B7_(%E7%94%9F%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6)" title="約翰·麥克勞德 (生理學家)">麦克劳德</a> / 1924年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%9B%A0%E6%89%98%E8%8A%AC" title="威廉·埃因托芬">埃因托芬</a> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d3d3d3; text-align: center;">1926年－1950年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 1926年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E6%AF%94%E6%A0%BC" title="約翰尼斯·菲比格">菲比格</a> / 1927年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E8%91%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E6%A0%BC%E7%B4%8D-%E5%A0%AF%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC" title="朱利葉斯·瓦格納-堯雷格">瓦格纳-尧雷格</a> / 1928年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%E5%8B%92" title="夏尔·尼科勒">尼科勒</a> / 1929年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="克里斯蒂安·艾克曼">艾克曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" title="弗雷德里克·霍普金斯">霍普金斯</a> / 1930年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E7%BA%B3" title="卡尔·兰德施泰纳">兰德施泰纳</a> / 1931年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E5%A0%A1" title="奥托·海因里希·瓦尔堡">瓦尔堡</a> / 1932年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E7%81%B5%E9%A1%BF" title="查尔斯·斯科特·谢灵顿">谢灵顿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%AE%89" title="第一代阿德里安男爵埃德加·阿德里安">阿德里安</a> / 1933年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%B9" title="托马斯·亨特·摩尔根">摩尔根</a> / 1934年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE" title="喬治·惠普爾">惠普爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%82%81%E8%AB%BE%E7%89%B9" title="喬治·邁諾特">邁諾特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%8F%B2" title="威廉·莫菲">莫菲</a> / 1935年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%A9%E6%9B%BC" title="漢斯·斯佩曼">斯佩曼</a> / 1936年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E5%B0%94" title="亨利·哈利特·戴尔">戴尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E7%BB%B4" title="奥托·勒维">勒维</a> / 1937年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%9C%A3%E6%8D%B7%E5%B0%94%E5%90%89" title="阿尔伯特·圣捷尔吉">圣捷尔吉</a> / 1938年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%A5%88%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E9%97%A8%E6%96%AF" title="柯奈尔·海门斯">海门斯</a> / 1939年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="格哈德·多馬克">多馬克</a> / 1943年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%81%94%E5%A7%86" title="亨里克·達姆">達姆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E4%BC%8A%E8%A5%BF" title="愛德華·阿德爾伯特·多伊西">多伊西</a> / 1944年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%8E%84%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E6%A0%BC" title="約瑟夫·厄爾蘭格">厄爾蘭格</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%BD%98%E5%A1%9E%C2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%A1%9E" title="赫伯特·斯潘塞·加塞">加塞</a> / 1945年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%8E" title="亚历山大·弗莱明">弗莱明</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9F%B4%E6%81%A9" title="恩斯特·伯利斯·柴恩">柴恩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%8F%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E9%87%8C%EF%BC%8C%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E9%87%8C%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5" title="霍華德·弗洛里，弗洛里男爵">弗洛里</a> / 1946年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%8B%92" title="赫尔曼·约瑟夫·马勒">馬勒</a> / 1947年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%96%90%E8%BF%AA%E5%8D%97%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C" title="卡尔·斐迪南·科里">科里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%92%82%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%87%8C" title="格蒂·科里">G·科里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E8%B5%9B" title="贝尔纳多·奥赛">奥赛</a> / 1948年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E5%8B%92" title="保羅·赫爾曼·穆勒">穆勒</a> / 1949年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF" title="瓦尔特·鲁道夫·赫斯">赫斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF" title="安东尼奥·埃加斯·莫尼斯">莫尼斯</a> / 1950年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="爱德华·卡尔文·肯德尔">肯德尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E4%B9%8C%E4%BB%80%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%BD%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%A0" title="塔德乌什·赖希施泰因">赖希施泰因</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E8%82%96%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%A5%87" title="菲利普·肖瓦特·亨奇">亨奇</a> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d3d3d3; text-align: center;">1951年－1975年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 1951年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%B0%E7%B4%AF%E5%B0%94" title="马克斯·泰累尔">泰累尔</a> / 1952年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9B%E5%B0%94%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="赛尔曼·瓦克斯曼">瓦克斯曼</a> / 1953年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="汉斯·阿道夫·克雷布斯">克雷布斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E8%8C%A8%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC" title="弗里茨·阿尔贝特·李普曼">李普曼</a> / 1954年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%C2%B7%E6%81%A9%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·富兰克林·恩德斯">恩德斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%8B%92" title="托马斯·哈克尔·韦勒">韦勒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%9F%A5%E6%99%AE%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%BE%E6%96%AF" title="弗雷德里克·查普曼·罗宾斯">罗宾斯</a> / 1955年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%88%88%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%A5%A5%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94" title="胡戈·特奥雷尔">特奥雷尔</a> / 1956年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E7%83%88%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%80%83%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%B7" title="安德烈·弗雷德里克·考南德">考南德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%BA%B3%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="沃纳·福斯曼">福斯曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E9%87%91%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E4%BC%8D%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%85%B9" title="迪金森·伍德拉夫·理查兹">理查兹</a> / 1957年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E9%9F%A6" title="达尼埃尔·博韦">博韦</a> / 1958年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·韦尔斯·比德尔">比德尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E7%89%B9%E5%A7%86" title="爱德华·劳里·塔特姆">塔特姆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E8%88%92%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="乔舒亚·莱德伯格">莱德伯格</a> / 1959年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E9%9F%A6%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E4%B9%94%E4%BA%9A" title="塞韦罗·奥乔亚">奥乔亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%81%A9%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="阿瑟·科恩伯格">科恩伯格</a> / 1960年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%86%85%E7%89%B9" title="弗兰克·麦克法兰·伯内特">伯内特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E8%BE%BE%E6%B2%83" title="彼得·梅达沃">梅达沃</a> / 1961年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%87%AF%E5%B8%8C" title="格奥尔格·冯·贝凯希">贝凯希</a> / 1962年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B" title="弗朗西斯·克里克">克里克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%A8%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·杜威·沃森">沃森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" title="莫里斯·威爾金斯">威尔金斯</a> / 1963年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" title="约翰·卡鲁·埃克尔斯">埃克爾斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%8B%9E%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E9%87%91" title="艾倫·勞埃德·霍奇金">霍奇金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%AD%AF%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E8%83%A5%E9%BB%8E" title="安德魯·赫胥黎">赫胥黎</a> / 1964年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E8%B5%AB" title="康拉德·布洛赫">布洛赫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%9A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%90%95%E5%AB%A9" title="费奥多尔·吕嫩">吕嫩</a> / 1965年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%96%AF%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E8%B3%88%E5%85%8B%E6%9F%8F" title="方斯華·賈克柏">賈克柏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%97%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E6%B2%83%E5%A4%AB" title="安德列·利沃夫">利沃夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%88%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%AB%BE" title="賈克·莫諾">莫諾</a> / 1966年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%B4%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%8B%9E%E6%96%AF" title="裴頓·勞斯">勞斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%98%AD%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF" title="查爾斯·布蘭頓·哈金斯">哈金斯</a> / 1967年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E7%B4%8D%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E7%89%B9" title="拉格納·格拉尼特">格拉尼特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD" title="霍爾登·凱弗·哈特蘭">哈特蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="乔治·沃尔德">沃尔德</a> / 1968年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7W%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%88%A9" title="羅伯特·W·霍利">霍利</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E8%91%9B%E8%B3%93%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8B%89%E7%B4%8D" title="哈爾·葛賓·科拉納">科拉纳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%AD%87%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E5%B0%BC%E5%80%AB%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="馬歇爾·沃倫·尼倫伯格">尼伦伯格</a> / 1969年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E5%B8%83%E5%91%82%E5%85%8B" title="馬克斯·德爾布呂克">德爾布呂克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%8C" title="阿弗雷德·赫希">赫希</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E7%9B%A7%E7%91%9E%E4%BA%9E" title="薩爾瓦多·盧瑞亞">盧瑞亞</a> / 1970年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E8%8C%A8" title="伯纳德·卡茨">卡茨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E4%BC%8A%E5%8B%92" title="乌尔夫·冯·奥伊勒">奥伊勒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7" title="朱利叶斯·阿克塞尔罗德">阿克塞尔罗德</a> / 1971年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E7%91%9F%E8%98%AD" title="厄爾·威爾伯·薩瑟蘭">萨瑟兰</a> / 1972年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%91%E6%8B%89%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="傑拉爾德·埃德爾曼">埃德爾曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9" title="羅德尼·羅伯特·波特">波特</a> / 1973年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C" title="卡尔·冯·弗里希">弗里希</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%A6%E5%85%B9" title="康拉德·洛伦兹">洛伦兹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BB%B7%E8%B4%9D%E4%BA%A8" title="尼古拉斯·廷贝亨">廷贝亨</a> / 1974年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%9E%E5%BE%B7" title="阿爾伯特·克勞德">克勞德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" title="克里斯蒂安·德·迪夫">迪夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7" title="喬治·埃米爾·帕拉德">帕拉德</a> / 1975年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%9A%84%E6%91%A9" title="戴维·巴尔的摩">巴尔的摩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%B3%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%B0%94%E8%B4%9D%E7%A7%91" title="罗纳托·杜尔贝科">杜尔贝科</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%98%8E" title="霍华德·马丁·特明">特明</a> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d3d3d3; text-align: center;">1976年－2000年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 1976年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E7%BC%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%9A%86%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC" title="巴鲁克·塞缪尔·布隆伯格">布隆伯格</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF%C2%B7%E7%9B%96%E6%9D%9C%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B" title="丹尼尔·卡尔顿·盖杜谢克">盖杜谢克</a> / 1977年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%AD%87%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E8%80%B6%E6%9B%BC" title="罗歇·吉耶曼">吉耶曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%99%E5%88%A9" title="安德鲁·沙利">沙利</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E8%80%B6%E6%B4%9B" title="罗莎琳·萨斯曼·耶洛">耶洛</a> / 1978年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E7%B4%8D%C2%B7%E4%BA%9E%E4%BC%AF" title="沃納·亞伯">亞伯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%82%A3%E6%A3%AE%E6%96%AF" title="丹尼爾·那森斯">内森斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%BD%8C%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF" title="漢彌爾頓·史密斯">史密斯</a> / 1979年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%98%AD%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%8B" title="阿蘭·麥克萊德·科馬克">科马克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%C2%B7%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%B4%B9%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="高弗雷·豪斯费尔德">豪斯费尔德</a> / 1980年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%8C%B9%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E7%BA%B3%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB" title="巴茹·贝纳塞拉夫">贝纳塞拉夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A9%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E5%A1%9E" title="让·多塞">多塞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·斯内尔">斯内尔</a> / 1981年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C" title="罗杰·斯佩里">斯佩里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E4%BC%91%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%BE" title="大衛·休伯爾">休伯爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E6%B3%BD%E5%B0%94" title="托斯坦·威泽尔">威泽尔</a> / 1982年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%BE%8D" title="蘇恩·伯格斯特龍">伯格斯特龍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E7%A9%86%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%E6%9D%BE" title="本特·薩穆埃爾松">薩米爾松</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8C%83%E6%81%A9" title="約翰·范恩">范恩</a> / 1983年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="巴巴拉·麦克林托克">麦克林托克</a> / 1984年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%B0%BC" title="尼尔斯·杰尼">傑尼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92" title="乔治·克勒">克勒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="塞萨尔·米尔斯坦">米爾斯坦</a> / 1985年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%96%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97" title="麥可·斯圖亞特·布朗">布朗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%AD%90%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%88%88%E7%88%BE%E8%8C%A8%E5%9D%A6" title="約瑟夫·里歐納德·戈爾茨坦">戈爾茨坦</a> / 1986年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%81%A9" title="斯坦利·科恩">科恩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E7%BB%B4-%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E5%A5%87%E5%B0%BC" title="丽塔·列维-蒙塔尔奇尼">列维-蒙塔尔奇尼</a> / 1987年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%A0%B9%E5%B7%9D%E9%80%B2" title="利根川進">利根川進</a> / 1988年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E5%A3%AB%C2%B7W%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="詹姆士·W·布拉克">布拉克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%89%B9%E9%AD%AF%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7B%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%88%A9%E6%81%A9" title="格特魯德·B·埃利恩">埃利恩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%AC%BD%E6%96%AF" title="喬治·H·希欽斯">希欽斯</a> / 1989年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E9%AB%98%C2%B7%E7%95%A2%E6%9B%89%E6%99%AE" title="米高·畢曉普">毕晓普</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E9%BB%98%E6%96%AF" title="哈羅德·瓦默斯">瓦慕斯</a> / 1990年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%BB%98%E9%87%8C" title="约瑟夫·默里">默里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF" title="唐纳尔·托马斯">托马斯</a> / 1991年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E6%BA%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%A7%E7%88%BE" title="厄溫·內爾">內爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="伯特·薩克曼">薩克曼</a> / 1992年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E8%B4%B9%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94" title="埃德蒙·费希尔">费希尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E6%B8%A9%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" title="埃德温·克雷布斯">克雷布斯</a> / 1993年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%AF%9F%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E8%8C%A8" title="理察·羅伯茨">羅伯茨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE" title="菲利普·夏普">夏普</a> / 1994年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%88%BE%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%97%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E6%9B%BC" title="艾爾佛列·古曼·吉爾曼">吉爾曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE" title="馬丁·羅德貝爾">羅德貝爾</a> / 1995年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%8C%A8%C2%B7%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF" title="愛德華·巴茨·路易斯">路易斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E7%B4%90%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97-%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7" title="克里斯汀·紐斯林-沃爾哈德">纽斯林-沃尔哈德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%9E%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%96%AC%E6%96%AF" title="艾瑞克·威斯喬斯">威斯喬斯</a> / 1996年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E8%B5%AB%E6%8F%90" title="彼得·杜赫提">杜赫提</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E8%BE%9B%E5%85%8B%E7%B4%8D%E5%90%89" title="羅夫·辛克納吉">辛克納吉</a> / 1997年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%9D%A6%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E5%B8%8C%E7%B4%8D" title="史坦利·布魯希納">布魯希納</a> / 1998年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E4%BD%9B%E5%A5%91%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9" title="羅伯·佛契哥特">佛契哥特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%BA%B3%E7%BD%97" title="路易斯·伊格纳罗">伊格纳罗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%BB%E7%91%9E%C2%B7%E6%85%95%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7" title="費瑞·慕拉德">慕拉德</a> / 1999年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%BE" title="古特·布洛伯爾">布洛伯爾</a> / 2000年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E6%A3%AE" title="阿尔维德·卡尔森">卡爾森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="保罗·格林加德">格林加德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="埃里克·坎德尔">坎德爾</a> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #d3d3d3; text-align: center;">2001年－至今</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 2001年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B0%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94" title="利兰·哈特韦尔">哈特韦尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E7%89%B9" title="蒂姆·亨特">亨特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF" title="保罗·纳斯">纳斯</a> / 2002年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3" title="西德尼·布伦纳">布伦纳</a>、<a href="/wiki/H%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E7%BB%B4%E8%8C%A8" title="H·罗伯特·霍维茨">霍维茨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%8B%8F%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF" title="约翰·苏尔斯顿">苏尔斯顿</a> / 2003年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%AF" title="保罗·劳特伯">劳特伯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="彼得·曼斯菲尔德">曼斯菲尔德</a> / 2004年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="理查德·阿克塞尔">阿克塞尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%B3%E8%BE%BE%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B" title="琳达·巴克">巴克</a> / 2005年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94" title="巴里·马歇尔">馬歇爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%BE%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E4%BC%A6" title="罗宾·沃伦">沃倫</a> / 2006年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E5%8E%84" title="安德鲁·法厄">法厄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E6%B4%9B" title="克雷格·梅洛">梅洛</a> / 2007年：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%A9%E5%A5%87" title="马里奥·卡佩奇">卡佩奇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF" title="马丁·埃文斯">埃文斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="奥利弗·史密西斯">史密西斯</a> / 2008年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%A5%9A%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E8%B1%AA%E6%A3%AE" title="哈拉尔德·楚尔·豪森">豪森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6%E4%B8%9D%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94-%E8%A5%BF%E8%AF%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="弗朗索瓦丝·巴尔-西诺西">巴尔-西诺西</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%92%99%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6" title="吕克·蒙塔尼耶">蒙塔尼耶</a> / 2009年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%AC" title="伊丽莎白·布莱克本">布莱克本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="卡罗尔·格雷德">格雷德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%BB%8D%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B" title="杰克·绍斯塔克">绍斯塔克</a> / 2010年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E5%85%B9" title="罗伯特·爱德华兹">爱德华兹</a> / 2011年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E4%BC%8A%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%92" title="布鲁斯·博伊特勒">博伊特勒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7A%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%AB%E6%9B%BC" title="朱尔·A·奥夫曼">奥夫曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E6%9B%BC" title="拉尔夫·斯坦曼">斯坦曼</a> / 2012年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E7%99%BB" title="约翰·格登">格登</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%AD%E4%BC%B8%E5%BD%8C" title="山中伸彌">山中伸彌</a> / 2013年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%80%9D%E6%9B%BC" title="詹姆斯·罗思曼">罗思曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E8%BF%AA%C2%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC" title="兰迪·谢克曼">谢克曼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%81%9A%E5%BE%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="托马斯·聚德霍夫">聚德霍夫</a> / 2014年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%9F%BA%E5%A4%AB" title="约翰·奥基夫">奥基夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88-%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%BD" title="迈-布里特·莫泽">莫泽夫人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E6%B3%BD" title="爱德华·莫泽">莫泽</a> / 2015年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%9D%8E%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" title="威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔">坎贝尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%9D%91%E6%99%BA" title="大村智">大村智</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%A0%E5%91%A6%E5%91%A6" title="屠呦呦">屠呦呦</a> / 2016年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9A%85%E8%89%AF%E5%85%B8" title="大隅良典">大隅良典</a> / 2017年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94" title="杰弗里·霍尔">霍爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E4%BB%80" title="迈克尔·罗斯巴什">羅斯巴什</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%89%AC_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="迈克尔·扬 (生物学家)">揚</a> / 2018年：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·艾利森">艾利森</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%BA%B6%E4%BD%91" title="本庶佑">本庶佑</a> / 2019年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%87%AF%E6%9E%97" title="威廉·凯林">凱林</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%AB" title="彼得·拉特克利夫">拉特克利夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E9%97%A8%E6%89%8E" title="格雷格·塞门扎">塞門扎</a> / 2020年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="哈维·阿尔特">奥尔特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E9%A1%BF" title="迈克尔·霍顿">霍顿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7M%C2%B7%E8%B5%96%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·M·赖斯">赖斯</a> / 2021年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E6%9C%B1%E5%88%A9%E5%8F%B6%E6%96%AF" title="戴维·朱利叶斯">朱利葉斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%A1%94%E6%99%AE%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89" title="阿登·帕塔普蒂安">帕塔普蒂安</a> / 2022年：<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%87%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E5%8D%9A" title="斯万特·佩博">佩博</a> / 2023年：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E6%9E%97%C2%B7%E8%80%83%E9%87%8C%E7%A7%91" title="卡塔林·考里科">考里科</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC" title="德鲁·韦斯曼">韦斯曼</a> / 2024年：<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="维克托·安布罗斯">安布罗斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E9%B2%81%E5%A4%AB%E6%98%86" title="加里·鲁夫昆">鲁夫昆</a> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #d3d3d3;"><div>注：年份不一定是實際獲獎時間，1914年、1922年、1926年、1938年、1943年的獎項都延後一年頒發。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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