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title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class="">创建账号</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class="">登录</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 个人工具 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh">资助维基百科</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"> 创建账号</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"> 登录</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息">了解详情</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y">贡献</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-詞源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詞源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 詞源 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-詞源-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关詞源子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-詞源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-人种称呼" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人种称呼"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 人种称呼 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人种称呼-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 歷史 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-歷史-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关歷史子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早期历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早期历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 早期历史 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早期历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-王国的合并" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#王国的合并"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 王国的合并 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-王国的合并-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英格兰内战与光荣革命" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英格兰内战与光荣革命"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 英格兰内战与光荣革命 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英格兰内战与光荣革命-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-对外殖民和大英帝国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#对外殖民和大英帝国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 对外殖民和大英帝国 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-对外殖民和大英帝国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-二战后和当代英国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#二战后和当代英国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 二战后和当代英国 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-二战后和当代英国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 地理 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地理-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关地理子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-地理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-氣候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#氣候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 氣候 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-氣候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生态" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生态"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 生态 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生态-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政治" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政治"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 政治 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-政治-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关政治子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-政治-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-历史发展" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史发展"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 历史发展 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史发展-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-现行制度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#现行制度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 现行制度 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-现行制度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政党" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政党"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 政党 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政党-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-公務員体系" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#公務員体系"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 公務員体系 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-公務員体系-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法律" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法律"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 法律 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-法律-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6 行政区划 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英格兰行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英格兰行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.1 英格兰行政区划 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英格兰行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-苏格兰行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#苏格兰行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.2 苏格兰行政区划 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-苏格兰行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-威尔士行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#威尔士行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.3 威尔士行政区划 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-威尔士行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-北爱尔兰行政区划" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北爱尔兰行政区划"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.4 北爱尔兰行政区划 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北爱尔兰行政区划-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-郡尉区" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#郡尉区"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.5 郡尉区 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-郡尉区-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-王室属地" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#王室属地"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.6 王室属地 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-王室属地-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-英国海外领土" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英国海外领土"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.6.7 英国海外领土 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英国海外领土-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外交" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外交"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7 外交 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外交-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英联邦" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英联邦"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.7.1 英联邦 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英联邦-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-军事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#军事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 军事 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-军事-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关军事子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-军事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-陸軍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陸軍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 陸軍 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陸軍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-海军" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#海军"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 海军 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-海军-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-空軍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#空軍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 空軍 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-空軍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-駐英美軍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#駐英美軍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 駐英美軍 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-駐英美軍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-经济" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#经济"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 经济 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-经济-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关经济子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-经济-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-综述" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#综述"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 综述 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-综述-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-產業結構" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#產業結構"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 產業結構 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-產業結構-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-服务业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#服务业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 服务业 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-服务业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-通讯业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#通讯业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 通讯业 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-通讯业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工業（工程）" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工業（工程）"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.3 工業（工程） </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工業（工程）-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-能源業" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#能源業"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.4 能源業 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-能源業-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-农业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#农业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.5 农业 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-农业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-科學技術" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#科學技術"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 科學技術 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-科學技術-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-运输" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#运输"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 运输 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-运输-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关运输子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-运输-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-公路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#公路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 公路 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-公路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-铁路" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#铁路"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 铁路 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-铁路-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水運" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水運"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 水運 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水運-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-航空" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#航空"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.4 航空 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-航空-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大眾運輸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大眾運輸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.5 大眾運輸 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大眾運輸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-货币" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#货币"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 货币 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-货币-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人口" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人口"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 人口 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-人口-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关人口子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-人口-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-语言" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#语言"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 语言 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-语言-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-城市" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#城市"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 城市 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-城市-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-宗教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#宗教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 宗教 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-宗教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-教育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#教育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.4 教育 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-教育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-醫療" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#醫療"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.5 醫療 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-醫療-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 文化 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关文化子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-文学" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文学"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 文学 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文学-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-戏剧" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戏剧"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 戏剧 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-戏剧-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-视觉艺术" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#视觉艺术"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 视觉艺术 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-视觉艺术-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-体育" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#体育"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 体育 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-体育-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-哲学思想" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#哲学思想"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 哲学思想 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-哲学思想-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-思想家" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#思想家"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5.1 思想家 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-思想家-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-媒體" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#媒體"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.6 媒體 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-媒體-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-音乐" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#音乐"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.7 音乐 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-音乐-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-飲食" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#飲食"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.8 飲食 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-飲食-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界遺產" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界遺產"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.9 世界遺產 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界遺產-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-节日假期" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#节日假期"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.10 节日假期 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-节日假期-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 参見 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 注釋 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 参考文献 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 外部链接 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">英国</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。304种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-304" aria-hidden="true" > 304种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Британиаду – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Британиаду" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keurajeu%C3%ABn_Inggr%C3%A9h" title="Keurajeuën Inggréh – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Keurajeuën Inggréh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%85%D1%8C%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BE" title="Британиешхо Пачъыхьыгъо – 阿迪格语" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Британиешхо Пачъыхьыгъо" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="阿迪格语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verenigde_Koninkryk" title="Verenigde Koninkryk – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Verenigde Koninkryk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Vereinigtes Königreich" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%B0%E1%89%A3%E1%89%A0%E1%88%A9%E1%89%B5_%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%80%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD_%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%89%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%8A_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8C%88%E1%8B%9B%E1%8B%9D" title="የተባበሩት የሀገር ንጉሳዊ አገዛዝ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የተባበሩት የሀገር ንጉሳዊ አገዛዝ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Uniu" title="Reino Uniu – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reino Uniu" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A0e%C4%81nod_Cyner%C4%AB%C4%8Be" title="Ġeānod Cynerīċe – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ġeānod Cynerīċe" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="المملكة المتحدة – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المملكة المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%A0%DC%9F%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90_%DC%A1%DC%9A%DC%9D%DC%95%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܡܚܝܕܬܐ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܠܟܘܬܐ ܡܚܝܕܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="لمملكة لمتحدة – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمملكة لمتحدة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87" title="المملكه المتحده – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المملكه المتحده" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="যুক্তৰাজ্য – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যুক্তৰাজ্য" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_Xun%C3%ADu" title="Reinu Xuníu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu Xuníu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Цолъараб Къиралат – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Цолъараб Къиралат" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanaragazaxo" title="Tanaragazaxo – 科塔瓦文" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Tanaragazaxo" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="科塔瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birl%C9%99%C5%9Fmi%C5%9F_Krall%C4%B1q" title="Birləşmiş Krallıq – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Birləşmiş Krallıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="بیرلشمیش شاهلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیرلشمیش شاهلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B9%D3%A9%D0%BA_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бөйөк Британия – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бөйөк Британия" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Agung" title="Britania Agung – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Britania Agung" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaoanigts_Kinireich" title="Vaoanigts Kinireich – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Vaoanigts Kinireich" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jongt%C4%97n%C4%97_Karal%C4%ABst%C4%97" title="Jongtėnė Karalīstė – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Jongtėnė Karalīstė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Godang" title="Britania Godang – 巴塔克托巴文" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Britania Godang" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="巴塔克托巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Toba</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reyno_Unido" title="Reyno Unido – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Reyno Unido" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Вялікабрытанія – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вялікабрытанія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Вялікабрытанія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вялікабрытанія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_Rempug" title="Kerajaan Rempug – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kerajaan Rempug" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Обединено кралство Великобритания и Северна Ирландия – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Обединено кралство Великобритания и Северна Ирландия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunaeted_Kingdom" title="Yunaeted Kingdom – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Yunaeted Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B2%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%B2%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ယူနုဲက်တဲတ်ကိင်းဒန်းခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ယူနုဲက်တဲတ်ကိင်းဒန်းခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonba_Britania" title="Bonba Britania – 班巴拉语" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Bonba Britania" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="班巴拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="যুক্তরাজ্য – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যুক্তরাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%87%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%89%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="དབྱིན་ཇི་མཉམ་འབྲེལ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="དབྱིན་ཇི་མཉམ་འབྲེལ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="তিলপারাজ্য – 比什奴普萊利亞文" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="তিলপারাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="比什奴普萊利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouantelezh-Unanet" title="Rouantelezh-Unanet – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rouantelezh-Unanet" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujedinjeno_Kraljevstvo" title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%89_%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%81%E1%A8%89%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%86" title="ᨕᨘᨊᨗᨈᨙᨉ ᨀᨗᨊᨁᨉᨚᨆ – 布吉语" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨘᨊᨗᨈᨙᨉ ᨀᨗᨊᨁᨉᨚᨆ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="布吉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%85%D1%8D_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Ехэ Британи – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ехэ Британи" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_Unit" title="Regne Unit – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regne Unit" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinos_Unidos_de_Gran_Britania_y_Norte_Irelandia" title="Reinos Unidos de Gran Britania y Norte Irelandia – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Reinos Unidos de Gran Britania y Norte Irelandia" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%ACng-gu%C3%B3k" title="Ĭng-guók – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ĭng-guók" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Йоккха Британи – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йоккха Британи" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiniusang_Gingharian" title="Hiniusang Gingharian – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Hiniusang Gingharian" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_Unidu" title="Reinu Unidu – 查莫罗语" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Reinu Unidu" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="查莫罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chamoru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8C%E1%8F%8A_%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%B3%E1%8E%BE%E1%8E%A2%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%85_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8E%AC%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%B3%E1%8E%AF" title="ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᎾᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏌᏊ ᎢᏳᎾᎢᏍᏔᏅ ᎤᎬᏫᏳᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88" title="شانشینی یەکگرتوو – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شانشینی یەکگرتوو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnu_Unitu" title="Regnu Unitu – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Regnu Unitu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Britaniya" title="Büyük Britaniya – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Büyük Britaniya" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1lovstv%C3%AD" title="Spojené království – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Spojené království" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi%C3%B4lg%C3%B4_Britanij%C3%B4" title="Wiôlgô Britanijô – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Wiôlgô Britanijô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%94%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%97%EA%99%97" title="Вєлика Британїꙗ – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Вєлика Британїꙗ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Аслă Британи – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă Британи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Deyrnas_Unedig" title="Y Deyrnas Unedig – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Deyrnas Unedig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Storbritannien" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kindom" title="United Kindom – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="United Kindom" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vereinigtes Königreich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amatnhom_M%C3%A4c%C5%8Baknhom" title="Amatnhom Mäcŋaknhom – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Amatnhom Mäcŋaknhom" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qraliya_Yewbiyayiye" title="Qraliya Yewbiyayiye – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Qraliya Yewbiyayiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zjadno%C5%9Bone_kralojstwo" title="Zjadnośone kralojstwo – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Zjadnośone kralojstwo" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 中部杜順文" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="中部杜順文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%94%DE%AA%DE%82%DE%A6%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%93%DE%AC%DE%91%DE%B0_%DE%86%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%B0%DE%91%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ޔުނައިޓެޑް ކިންގްޑަމް – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޔުނައިޓެޑް ކިންގްޑަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%8A%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8C%E0%BD%98" title="ཡུ་ནའི་ཊེཊ་ཀིང་ཌམ – 宗卡语" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཡུ་ནའི་ཊེཊ་ཀིང་ཌམ" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="宗卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 埃维语" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="埃维语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9gn_Un%C3%AE" title="Régn Unî – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Régn Unî" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unui%C4%9Dinta_Re%C4%9Dlando" title="Unuiĝinta Reĝlando – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Unuiĝinta Reĝlando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino Unido" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suurbritannia" title="Suurbritannia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suurbritannia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erresuma_Batua" title="Erresuma Batua – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erresuma Batua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_Un%C3%ADu" title="Reinu Uníu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Reinu Uníu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بریتانیا – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بریتانیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biritaani-Mawndi" title="Biritaani-Mawndi – 富拉语" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Biritaani-Mawndi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="富拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdistynyt_kuningaskunta" title="Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdistynyt kuningaskunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ctiskuningriik" title="Ütiskuningriik – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ütiskuningriik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanitu_Cokovata" title="Matanitu Cokovata – 斐济语" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Matanitu Cokovata" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐济语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3ra_Bretland" title="Stóra Bretland – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Stóra Bretland" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume-Uni" title="Royaume-Uni – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume-Uni" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rey%C3%B4mo-Uni" title="Reyômo-Uni – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Reyômo-Uni" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feriind_Kiningrik" title="Feriind Kiningrik – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Feriind Kiningrik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ream_Un%C3%AEt" title="Ream Unît – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Ream Unît" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feriene_Keninkryk" title="Feriene Keninkryk – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Feriene Keninkryk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADocht_Aontaithe_na_Breataine_M%C3%B3ire_agus_Thuaisceart_%C3%89ireann" title="Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BC%C3%BCk_Britaniya" title="Büük Britaniya – 加告兹语" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Büük Britaniya" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告兹语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="英國 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="英國" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rw%C3%A9yonm-Ini" title="Rwéyonm-Ini – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Rwéyonm-Ini" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_R%C3%ACoghachd_Aonaichte" title="An Rìoghachd Aonaichte – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Rìoghachd Aonaichte" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino Unido" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="بريتانيا – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="بريتانيا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavet%C3%A3_Joaju" title="Tavetã Joaju – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavetã Joaju" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="युनायटेड किंगडम – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="युनायटेड किंगडम" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ghanaian Pidgin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%9F%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A1_%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%AE" title="યુનાઇટેડ કિંગડમ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યુનાઇટેડ કિંગડમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reeriaght_Unnaneysit" title="Reeriaght Unnaneysit – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Reeriaght Unnaneysit" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birtaniya" title="Birtaniya – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Birtaniya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%AEn-koet" title="Yîn-koet – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yîn-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aupuni_M%C5%8D%CA%BB%C4%AB_Hui_P%C5%AB_%CA%BBia" title="Aupuni Mōʻī Hui Pū ʻia – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Aupuni Mōʻī Hui Pū ʻia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%95%D7%97%D7%93%D7%AA" title="הממלכה המאוחדת – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הממלכה המאוחדת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यूनाइटेड किंगडम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujedinjeno_Kraljevstvo" title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zjedno%C4%87ene_kralestwo" title="Zjednoćene kralestwo – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Zjednoćene kralestwo" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Way%C3%B2m_Ini" title="Wayòm Ini – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Wayòm Ini" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egyes%C3%BClt_Kir%C3%A1lys%C3%A1g" title="Egyesült Királyság – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Egyesült Királyság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Միացյալ Թագավորություն – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միացյալ Թագավորություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_Unite" title="Regno Unite – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Regno Unite" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reyatu_Unit" title="Reyatu Unit – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Reyatu Unit" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obodo%C3%A9z%C3%A8_N%C3%A0_Of%C3%BA" title="Obodoézè Nà Ofú – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Obodoézè Nà Ofú" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tannapta_Umialgutiat" title="Tannapta Umialgutiat – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Tannapta Umialgutiat" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagkaykaysa_a_Pagarian" title="Nagkaykaysa a Pagarian – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Nagkaykaysa a Pagarian" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Йоккха Британи – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Йоккха Британи" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unionita_Rejio" title="Unionita Rejio – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Unionita Rejio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretland" title="Bretland – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bretland" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_Unito" title="Regno Unito – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno Unito" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%AF%E1%90%83%E1%93%90_%E1%93%84%E1%93%87%E1%96%93%E1%93%90%E1%93%82" title="ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ – 因纽特语" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="因纽特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AE%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9" title="イギリス – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イギリス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunaitid_Kindom" title="Yunaitid Kindom – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Yunaitid Kindom" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ritygu%27e" title="ritygu'e – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="ritygu'e" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karajan_Manunggal" title="Karajan Manunggal – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Karajan Manunggal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="გაერთიანებული სამეფო – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გაერთიანებული სამეფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagelda_Yedduklen" title="Tagelda Yedduklen – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagelda Yedduklen" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%88%D1%85%D1%83%D1%8D" title="Британиэшхуэ – 卡巴尔德语" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Британиэшхуэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="卡巴尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kewiya%C9%A3_K%C9%A9kp%C9%9Bnda%C9%A3" title="Kewiyaɣ Kɩkpɛndaɣ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kewiyaɣ Kɩkpɛndaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muna%CC%B1pyia%CC%B1_A%CC%B1byintyok" title="Muna̱pyia̱ A̱byintyok – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Muna̱pyia̱ A̱byintyok" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume-Uni" title="Royaume-Uni – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Royaume-Uni" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_(UK)" title="United Kingdom (UK) – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="United Kingdom (UK)" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ұлыбритания – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ұлыбритания" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A" title="សហរាជាណាចក្រ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សហរាជាណាចក្រ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%82" title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್‌ಡಂ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್‌ಡಂ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%81%EA%B5%AD" title="영국 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="영국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Ыджыт Бритму – 科米-彼尔米亚克语" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Ыджыт Бритму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="科米-彼尔米亚克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Уллу Британия – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Уллу Британия" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%B9%D9%90%DA%91_%DA%A9%D9%90%D9%86%DA%AF%DA%88%D9%8E%D9%85" title="یونایٹِڑ کِنگڈَم – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="یونایٹِڑ کِنگڈَم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jru%C3%9Fbritannie" title="Jrußbritannie – 科隆语" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Jrußbritannie" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyaniya_Yekb%C3%BBy%C3%AE" title="Keyaniya Yekbûyî – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Keyaniya Yekbûyî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B4_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ыджыд Британия – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Ыджыд Британия" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruvaneth_Unys" title="Ruvaneth Unys – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ruvaneth Unys" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Улуу Британия – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Улуу Британия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britanniarum_regnum" title="Britanniarum regnum – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Britanniarum regnum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reyno_Unido" title="Reyno Unido – 拉迪诺语" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Reyno Unido" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereenegt_Kinnekr%C3%A4ich" title="Vereenegt Kinnekräich – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Vereenegt Kinnekräich" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="ЧӀехибритания – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="ЧӀехибритания" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_Unida" title="Rena Unida – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rena Unida" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain – 卢干达语" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Great Britain" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="卢干达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereineg_Keuninkriek" title="Vereineg Keuninkriek – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vereineg Keuninkriek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_Un%C3%AFo" title="Regno Unïo – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Regno Unïo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riam_Un%C3%AC" title="Riam Unì – 拉定语" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Riam Unì" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="拉定语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn_Unid" title="Regn Unid – 伦巴第语" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Regn Unid" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="伦巴第语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ing%C9%9Bl%C9%9B%CC%81t%C9%9Bl%C9%9B" title="Ingɛlɛ́tɛlɛ – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ingɛlɛ́tɛlɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81" title="ສະຫະລາຊະອານາຈັກ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ສະຫະລາຊະອານາຈັກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungtin%C4%97_Karalyst%C4%97" title="Jungtinė Karalystė – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jungtinė Karalystė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lelbrytaneja" title="Lelbrytaneja – 拉特加萊文" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Lelbrytaneja" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="拉特加萊文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latgaļu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apvienot%C4%81_Karaliste" title="Apvienotā Karaliste – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Apvienotā Karaliste" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – 马都拉语" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="马都拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Raya" title="Britania Raya – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Britania Raya" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%86%D1%8E_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Оцю Британия – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Оцю Британия" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanjakana_Mitambatra" title="Fanjakana Mitambatra – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fanjakana Mitambatra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Ушымо Королевстве – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Ушымо Королевстве" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%ABngitanga_Kotahi" title="Kīngitanga Kotahi – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Kīngitanga Kotahi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baritania_Rayo" title="Baritania Rayo – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Baritania Rayo" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Обединето Кралство – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Обединето Кралство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82" title="യുണൈറ്റഡ് കിങ്ഡം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യുണൈറ്റഡ് കിങ്ഡം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%85_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Их Британи – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Их Британи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A8%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A2%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97_%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9F%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%87%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%8F%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC" title="သဟရာဇအာဏာစကြ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="သဟရာဇအာဏာစကြ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE" title="युनायटेड किंग्डम – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युनायटेड किंग्डम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кого Британи – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Кого Британи" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Renju Unit" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Ounido" title="Reino Ounido – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Reino Ounido" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ယူနိုက်တက်ကင်းဒမ်းနိုင်ငံ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူနိုက်တက်ကင်းဒမ်းနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Инебритания Мастор – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Инебритания Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="بریتانیا – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بریتانیا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Vretagna" title="Gran Vretagna – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Gran Vretagna" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereenigt_K%C3%B6nigriek_vun_Grootbritannien_un_Noordirland" title="Vereenigt Königriek vun Grootbritannien un Noordirland – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Vereenigt Königriek vun Grootbritannien un Noordirland" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verienigd_Keuninkriek" title="Verienigd Keuninkriek – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Verienigd Keuninkriek" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="संयुक्त अधिराज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verenigd_Koninkrijk" title="Verenigd Koninkrijk – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Verenigd Koninkrijk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Storbritannia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storbritannia" title="Storbritannia – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Storbritannia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unionati_Regia" title="Unionati Regia – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Unionati Regia" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%B2%DF%AC%DF%9B%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%9F%DF%8A%DF%AB_%DF%98%DF%8D%DF%AC%DF%A3%DF%8D%DF%B2" title="ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲ – 西非书面文字" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߡߊ߲߬ߛߊ߬ߟߊ߫ ߘߍ߬ߣߍ߲" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="西非书面文字" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouoyaume_Unni" title="Rouoyaume Unni – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Rouoyaume Unni" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 北索托语" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="北索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3ta%CA%BC_Dine%CA%BC%C3%A9_Bik%C3%A9yah" title="Tótaʼ Dineʼé Bikéyah – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tótaʼ Dineʼé Bikéyah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 齐切瓦语" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="齐切瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chi-Chewa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reialme_Unit" title="Reialme Unit – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Reialme Unit" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhtistynnyh_kuningaskundu" title="Yhtistynnyh kuningaskundu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Yhtistynnyh kuningaskundu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokkummaa_Biyya_Mootii" title="Tokkummaa Biyya Mootii – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Tokkummaa Biyya Mootii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AF%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F" title="ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଯୁକ୍ତରାଜ୍ୟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Стыр Британи – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Стыр Британи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%AE" title="ਯੂਨਾਈਟਡ ਕਿੰਗਡਮ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯੂਨਾਈਟਡ ਕਿੰਗਡਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido – 邦阿西南语" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Reino Unido" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="邦阿西南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pisanmetung_a_Ka-arian" title="Pisanmetung a Ka-arian – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Pisanmetung a Ka-arian" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Uni" title="Reino Uni – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Reino Uni" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro%C3%A9y%C3%B4me-Uni" title="Roéyôme-Uni – 庇卡底文" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Roéyôme-Uni" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="庇卡底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK" title="UK – 尼日利亚皮钦语" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="UK" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="尼日利亚皮钦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Naijá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereenichde_Keenichreich" title="Vereenichde Keenichreich – 賓夕法尼亞德文" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Vereenichde Keenichreich" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="賓夕法尼亞德文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich – 普法爾茨德文" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Vereinigtes Königreich" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="普法爾茨德文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pälzisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunitid_Kingdum" title="Yunitid Kingdum – Pitcairn-Norfolk" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Yunitid Kingdum" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Pitcairn-Norfolk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielka_Brytania" title="Wielka Brytania – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielka Brytania" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn_Un%C3%AC" title="Regn Unì – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Regn Unì" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="برطانیا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="برطانیا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο – 旁狄希臘文" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="旁狄希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="برېتانيا – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="برېتانيا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino Unido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukllachasqa_Qhapaq_Llaqta" title="Hukllachasqa Qhapaq Llaqta – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Hukllachasqa Qhapaq Llaqta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reginavel_Un%C3%AC" title="Reginavel Unì – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Reginavel Unì" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phandlo_Thagaripen_la_Bare_Britaniyako_thai_le_Nordutne_Irlandesko" title="Phandlo Thagaripen la Bare Britaniyako thai le Nordutne Irlandesko – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Phandlo Thagaripen la Bare Britaniyako thai le Nordutne Irlandesko" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regatul_Unit_al_Marii_Britanii_%C8%99i_al_Irlandei_de_Nord" title="Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britania_Mari" title="Britania Mari – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Britania Mari" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_Aun%C3%ACte" title="Regne Aunìte – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Regne Aunìte" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Великобритания – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Великобритания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Велика Брітанія – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Велика Брітанія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubwongereza" title="Ubwongereza – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ubwongereza" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="संयुक्ताधिराज्यम् – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="संयुक्ताधिराज्यम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Улуу Британия – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Улуу Британия" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%AB_%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rennu_Unidu" title="Rennu Unidu – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rennu Unidu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnu_Unitu" title="Regnu Unitu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Regnu Unitu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitit_Kinrick" title="Unitit Kinrick – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Unitit Kinrick" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DA%8F%D9%8A%D9%84_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B4%D8%A7%DA%BE%D8%AA" title="گڏيل بادشاھت – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گڏيل بادشاھت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovttastuvvan_gonagasriika" title="Ovttastuvvan gonagasriika – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ovttastuvvan gonagasriika" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujedinjeno_Kraljevstvo" title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bri%E1%B9%ADanya" title="Briṭanya – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Briṭanya" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%82%81%E1%80%B0%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%82%81%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%81%B6%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%95%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%82%88%E1%80%90%E1%80%B5%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပရိတ်ႈတဵၼ်ႇ – 掸语" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းႁူမ်ႈတုမ်ႁေႃၶမ်း ပရိတ်ႈတဵၼ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="掸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="එක්සත් රාජධානිය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එක්සත් රාජධානිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstvo" title="Spojené kráľovstvo – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Spojené kráľovstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%81" title="برطانیہ – 色莱基语" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="برطانیہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="色莱基语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdru%C5%BEeno_kraljestvo_Velike_Britanije_in_Severne_Irske" title="Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peret%C4%81nia" title="Peretānia – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Peretānia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovt%C3%A2stum_kun%C3%A2g%C3%A2skodde" title="Ovtâstum kunâgâskodde – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Ovtâstum kunâgâskodde" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhuritani" title="Bhuritani – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Bhuritani" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boqortooyada_Midowday" title="Boqortooyada Midowday – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boqortooyada Midowday" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbret%C3%ABria_e_Bashkuar" title="Mbretëria e Bashkuar – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mbretëria e Bashkuar" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Уједињено Краљевство – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Уједињено Краљевство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingriskondre" title="Ingriskondre – 苏里南汤加语" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Ingriskondre" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="苏里南汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 斯瓦蒂语" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="斯瓦蒂语" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 南索托语" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="南索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fereeniged_K%C3%B6%C3%B6nichriek_fon_Groot-Britannien_un_Noudirlound" title="Fereeniged Köönichriek fon Groot-Britannien un Noudirlound – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Fereeniged Köönichriek fon Groot-Britannien un Noudirlound" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karajaan_Ngahiji" title="Karajaan Ngahiji – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Karajaan Ngahiji" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storbritannien" title="Storbritannien – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Storbritannien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufalme_wa_Muungano" title="Ufalme wa Muungano – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ufalme wa Muungano" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielg%C5%8F_Brytanij%C5%8F" title="Wielgŏ Brytanijŏ – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wielgŏ Brytanijŏ" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஐக்கிய இராச்சியம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐக்கிய இராச்சியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom" title="United kingdom – Atayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="United kingdom" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Atayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A1%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್ – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಮ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D" title="యునైటెడ్ కింగ్‌డమ్ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యునైటెడ్ కింగ్‌డమ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_Naklibur" title="Reinu Naklibur – 德顿语" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Reinu Naklibur" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="德顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%91" title="Бритониё – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бритониё" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3" title="สหราชอาณาจักร – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สหราชอาณาจักร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fen_Paty%C5%9Falyk" title="Birleşen Patyşalyk – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Birleşen Patyşalyk" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dy%C5%BEd%C9%99_Britanij%C9%99" title="Dyždə Britanijə – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Dyždə Britanijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 茨瓦纳语" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="茨瓦纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Setswana</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilit%C4%81nia" title="Pilitānia – 汤加语" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Pilitānia" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunaitet_Kingdom" title="Yunaitet Kingdom – 托克皮辛语" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Yunaitet Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="托克皮辛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birle%C5%9Fik_Krall%C4%B1k" title="Birleşik Krallık – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Birleşik Krallık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igiris" title="Igiris – 赛德克语" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Igiris" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="赛德克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 聪加语" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="聪加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Бөекбритания – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Бөекбритания" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ufumu_Ubanyi" title="Ufumu Ubanyi – 通布卡语" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Ufumu Ubanyi" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="通布卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="United Kingdom" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parat%C4%81ne" title="Paratāne – 塔希提语" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Paratāne" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="塔希提语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Великобритания – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Великобритания" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%88%D9%8A%DB%88%D9%83_%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A%DB%95" title="بۈيۈك بېرىتانىيە – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۈيۈك بېرىتانىيە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Велика Британія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Велика Британія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA" title="متحدہ مملکت – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="متحدہ مملکت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birlashgan_Qirollik" title="Birlashgan Qirollik – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Birlashgan Qirollik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_Un%C3%ACo" title="Regno Unìo – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Regno Unìo" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sur%27_Britanii" title="Sur' Britanii – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sur' Britanii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_qu%E1%BB%91c_Li%C3%AAn_hi%E1%BB%87p_Anh_v%C3%A0_B%E1%BA%AFc_Ireland" title="Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Bắc Ireland – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Bắc Ireland" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ver%C3%AAnigd_Keunienkryk" title="Verênigd Keunienkryk – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Verênigd Keunienkryk" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reg%C3%A4n_Pebal%C3%B6l" title="Regän Pebalöl – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Regän Pebalöl" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwey%C3%A5me-Uni" title="Rweyåme-Uni – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rweyåme-Uni" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido" title="Reino Unido – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Reino Unido" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguur-Yu-Bennoo" title="Nguur-Yu-Bennoo – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Nguur-Yu-Bennoo" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="英国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iunited_kingdom" title="Iunited kingdom – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Iunited kingdom" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94" title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%92%D7%98%D7%A2_%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9A" title="פאראייניגטע קעניגרייך – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאראייניגטע קעניגרייך" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80%E1%BB%8Dba_A%E1%B9%A3%E1%BB%8D%CC%80kan" title="Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ilẹ̀ọba Aṣọ̀kan" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yinghgoz" title="Yinghgoz – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Yinghgoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vere%C3%AAnigd_Konienkriek" title="Vereênigd Konienkriek – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Vereênigd Konienkriek" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="英國 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="英國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%A2n-ha%CC%8Dp_%C3%94ng-kok" title="Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Liân-ha̍p Ông-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" title="英國 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="英國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbuso_Ohlangeneyo" title="Umbuso Ohlangeneyo – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umbuso Ohlangeneyo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q145#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c">条目</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >不转换 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh" hreflang="zh">不转换</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans">简体</a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" 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hreflang="zh">维基语录</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" hreflang="zh">维基导游</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q145" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g">维基数据项目</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f9facfd3" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" 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"}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a>此條目介紹的是正式名称为“大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国”的主权国家。关于历史上统治<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列顛島</a>全境且中文通称为“英国”的君主国，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="大不列顛王國">大不列顛王國</a>」和「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%8F%8A%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国">大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国</a>」。关于位于大不列颠岛南部、该主权国家的下辖构成国，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>」。关于中國春秋時代的諸侯國，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B_(%E8%AB%B8%E4%BE%AF%E5%9C%8B)" title="英國 (諸侯國)">英國 (諸侯國)</a>」。</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" 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.ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</div><div class="ib-country-names">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>）</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 2px 0 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1-2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="英国国旗"><img alt="蓝底，上为白边红色圣乔治十字以及红白交错的圣安得鲁十字" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="英国国旗">国旗</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; padding:0 5px 0 2px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_variant_2).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="英国皇家徽章"><img alt="皇家徽章，中为盾徽和皇冠，侧为狮子和独角兽" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1371" /></a></div> <div><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%BE%BD%E7%AB%A0" title="英国皇家徽章">皇家徽章</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem" style="">国歌：《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%91%E5%9C%8B%E7%8E%8B" title="天佑國王">天佑國王</a>》<a href="#cite_note-2">[註 1]</a> <div style="padding-top:0.4em;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="64" data-mwtitle="United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga/United_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية‪（ar）‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=de&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="de" label="Deutsch‪（de）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English‪（en）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español‪（es）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=fa&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fa" label="فارسی‪（fa）‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français‪（fr）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia‪（id）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=it&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="it" label="italiano‪（it）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=ja&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ja" label="日本語‪（ja）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=ko&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ko" label="한국어‪（ko）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=mi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="mi" label="Māori‪（mi）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=ms&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ms" label="Bahasa Melayu‪（ms）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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label="русский‪（ru）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=th&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="th" label="ไทย‪（th）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська‪（uk）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt‪（vi）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh-cn&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans-CN" label="中文（中国大陆）‪（zh-cn）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh-hans&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hans" label="中文（简体）‪（zh-hans）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh-hant&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant" label="中文（繁體）‪（zh-hant）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh-hk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-HK" label="中文（香港）‪（zh-hk）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣）‪（zh-tw）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AUnited_States_Navy_Band_-_God_Save_the_Queen.oga&lang=zh&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh" label="中文‪（zh）‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%BE%BD%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="英國皇家徽章">皇家徽章</a>（蘇格蘭版本） <a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_in_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1550" data-file-height="1500" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><div class="switcher-container"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Europe-UK_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/250px-Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/375px-Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/500px-Europe-UK_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a>在西北半球的位置</div><div><a href="/wiki/File:Europe-UK.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Europe-UK.svg/250px-Europe-UK.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Europe-UK.svg/375px-Europe-UK.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Europe-UK.svg/500px-Europe-UK.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2045" data-file-height="1720" /></a>在欧洲的位置</div><div><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_(%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies)_in_the_World_(%2BAntarctica_claims).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/250px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/375px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg/500px-United_Kingdom_%28%2Boverseas_territories_and_crown_dependencies%29_in_the_World_%28%2BAntarctica_claims%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2521" data-file-height="1260" /></a>本土及其海外领土<a href="#cite_note-3">[註 2]</a></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">首都<div class="ib-country-largest">暨最大城市</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82757201">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=zh&pagename=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&params=51_30_N_0_7_W_type:city_region:GB">51°30′N 0°7′W / 51.500°N 0.117°W / 51.500; -0.117</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">官方语言 及国家语言</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="事实上">事实上</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">官方承认 地方语言<a href="#cite_note-5">[註 3]</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><div class="hlist"><ul style="line-height:1.3em;"><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%9C%B0%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="低地苏格兰语">低地苏格兰语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="阿爾斯特蘇格蘭語">阿尔斯特苏格兰语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="苏格兰盖尔语">苏格兰盖尔语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%AD" title="威尔士语">威尔士语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="康沃尔语">康沃尔语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="爱尔兰语">爱尔兰语</a></li><li style="white-space;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%89%8B%E8%AA%9E" title="英國手語">英國手語</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4" title="族群">族群</a><div class="ib-country-ethnic">（<a href="/w/index.php?title=2021%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021年英国人口普查（页面不存在）">2021年</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" class="extiw" title="en:2021 United Kingdom census">2021 United Kingdom census</a>））</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>83.0% 白人</li> <li>8.6% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9A%E8%A3%94%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亚裔英国人（页面不存在）">亚裔</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Asian" class="extiw" title="en:British Asian">British Asian</a>）</li> <li>3.7% <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E8%A3%94%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="非裔英國人">非裔</a></li> <li>2.7% <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%90%88%E6%97%8F%E8%A3%94_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%8F%E8%A3%94%E6%A6%82%E5%BF%B5)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混合族裔 (英国族裔概念)（页面不存在）">混合族裔</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mixed_(United_Kingdom_ethnicity_category)" class="extiw" title="en:Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)">Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)</a>）</li> <li>2.0% 其他</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">宗教<div class="ib-country-religion">（<a href="/w/index.php?title=2021%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021年英国人口普查（页面不存在）">2021年</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_United_Kingdom_census" class="extiw" title="en:2021 United Kingdom census">2021 United Kingdom census</a>））</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>46.5% <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a></li> <li>37.8% <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A1%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="無宗教">無宗教</a></li> <li>6.0% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="伊斯蘭教">伊斯蘭教</a></li> <li>1.6% <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a></li> <li>0.8% <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E5%85%8B%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="錫克教">錫克教</a></li> <li>0.4% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></li> <li>0.4% <a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太教">猶太教</a></li> <li>0.6% 其他</li> <li>5.9% 未有提供</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">成员</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/22px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/33px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/44px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">苏格兰</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/22px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/33px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/44px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a></li><li> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="英国政治">政府</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="議會制">議會制</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪制</a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主制</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E5%88%B6" title="单一制">单一制</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">君主</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="查爾斯三世">查爾斯三世</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="英国首相">首相</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E7%B4%80%E8%B3%A2" title="施紀賢">施紀賢爵士</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%AD%B0%E9%95%B7_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="下議院議長 (英國)">下議院議長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%B3%BD%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E4%BC%8A%E7%88%BE" title="林賽·霍伊爾">賀立紳爵士</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%AD%B0%E9%95%B7_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="上議院議長 (英國)">上議院院長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E7%A6%8F%E7%88%BE%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5" title="約翰·麥克福爾男爵">約翰·麥克福爾男爵</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%99%A2%E9%95%B7" title="英國最高法院院長">最高法院院長</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%8B%E5%BD%A5%E5%BE%B7" title="韋彥德">韋彥德勳爵</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">立法机构</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="英國國會">英國國會</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="上议院">上议院</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="英国上议院">上議院</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="下议院">下议院</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="英国下议院">下議院</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英国军事">现役军人</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">232,000人 191,110人（預備役）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合王国立国历史（页面不存在）">立国历史</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_formation_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:History of the formation of the United Kingdom">History of the formation of the United Kingdom</a>）</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="英格蘭王國">英格兰王国</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">927年</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="诺曼征服英格兰">诺曼征服</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1066年12月25日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=1535%E5%B9%B4%E5%92%8C1542%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%8E%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1535年和1542年英格兰与威尔士联合法令（页面不存在）">英格兰与威尔士联合法令</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" class="extiw" title="en:Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a>） </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1535年和1542年</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/1603%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="1603年聯合法令">英格兰与苏格兰共主邦联</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1603年3月24日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/1707%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1707年聯合法令">英格兰与苏格兰联合法令</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1707年5月1日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/1800%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1800年联合法令">大不列颠与爱尔兰联合法令</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1801年1月1日</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=1922%E5%B9%B4%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6%E5%AE%AA%E6%94%BF%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1922年爱尔兰自由邦宪政法令（页面不存在）">爱尔兰自由邦宪政法令</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Free_State_Constitution_Act_1922" class="extiw" title="en:Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922">Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922</a>） </div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1922年12月5日</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="英国地理">面积</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">244,376平方公里<a href="#cite_note-ONS_Standard_Area_Measurement-6">[3]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="世界各国和地区面积列表">第77名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 水域率</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.34%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="英国人口">人口</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2023年估计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">68,265,209<a href="#cite_note-ONS.UK-Population-7">[4]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口列表">第22名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2021年普查</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">66,940,559<a href="#cite_note-2021_census_-_population_-_England_and_Wales-8">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-2021_census_-_population_-_Northern_Ireland-9">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-2021_census_-_population_-_Scotland-10">[7]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口列表">第22名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 密度</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">281人/平方公里（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国家和地区人口密度列表">第51名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7" title="购买力平价">PPP</a>）</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2024年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">4.282万亿<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a><a href="#cite_note-imf2-11">[8]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%9E%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国实质国内生产总值列表">第10名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">62,574美元<a href="#cite_note-imf2-11">[8]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%AE%9E%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国人均实质国内生产总值列表">第28名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国内生产总值">GDP</a>（国际汇率）</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2024年估计</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 总计</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.588万亿美元<a href="#cite_note-imf2-11">[8]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8D%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国名义国内生产总值列表">第6名</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 人均</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">52,423美元<a href="#cite_note-imf2-11">[8]</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%9D%87%E5%90%8D%E4%B9%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国人均名义国内生产总值列表">第20名</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%BC%E7%B3%BB%E6%95%B0" title="基尼系数">基尼系数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">▼ 0.354<a href="#cite_note-12">[9]</a>（2021年） <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83933911">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>中 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="人类发展指数">人类发展指数</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">▲ 0.940<a href="#cite_note-UNHDR-13">[10]</a>（2021年） <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732967">html:not(.skin-theme-clientpref-night) .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.isdarkmode{display:none}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ifdarkmode>.nodarkmode{display:none}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911">极高<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83933911">极高 · <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各國人類發展指數列表">第15名</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">货币</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%95%91" title="英镑">英镑</a>（£）（<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">GBP</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">时区</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%B6" title="协调世界时">UTC</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%BC%E6%B2%BB%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="格林尼治标准时间">GMT</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[註 4]</a>）</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%97%B6%E5%88%B6" title="夏时制">夏令时</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%B6" title="协调世界时">UTC</a>+1（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="英国夏季时间">BST</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[註 5]</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">日期格式</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">dd/mm/yyyy（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E7%BA%AA%E5%B9%B4" title="基督纪年">AD</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91" title="道路通行方向">行驶方位</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">靠左行驶</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="英國電話號碼">电话区号</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1%E8%99%9F%E7%A2%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="英國電話號碼">+44</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166码</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:GB" title="ISO 3166-2:GB">GB</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">互联网顶级域</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><div class="ib-country-website">网站 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/">www.gov.uk</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145#P856" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table> 大不列顛暨北愛爾蘭聯合王國（英語：United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland），通稱英国<a href="#cite_note-17">[註 6]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[13]</a>，亦簡稱联合王国<a href="#cite_note-20">[註 7]</a>（United Kingdom，缩写作UK）或不列颠（Britain），是位於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="西歐">西歐</a>並具有<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英國海外領地">海外領地</a><a href="#cite_note-fourteen-21">[註 8]</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="主權國家">主權國家</a>，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="威爾斯">威爾斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>所組成。英國位于<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="歐洲大陸">歐洲大陸</a>西北面，地理範圍包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列颠岛">大不列颠岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="爱尔兰岛">爱尔兰岛</a>东北部分及一系列较小岛屿<a href="#cite_note-22">[14]</a>。英国本土和另一国家唯一的陆上国境线位于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>，和<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰共和国</a>相邻<a href="#cite_note-23">[註 9]</a>。英国由<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" title="大西洋">大西洋</a>所环绕，东为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7_(%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B)" title="北海 (大西洋)">北海</a>，南为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%90%89%E5%88%A9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="英吉利海峡">英吉利海峡</a>，西南偏南为<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E6%B5%B7" title="凱爾特海">凱爾特海</a>，與爱尔兰隔<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="愛爾蘭海">愛爾蘭海</a>相望。该国总面积达244,376平方公里（94,354平方英里），为世界面积<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="世界各国和地区面积列表">第80大</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="主权国家">主权国家</a>及欧洲面积第11大的主权国家，2022年人口約6,760万<a href="#cite_note-24">[15]</a>，为全球<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="国家人口列表">第21名</a>及歐洲第3名。 英国为<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪制</a>国家，實行<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="議會制">議會制</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E4%BD%93" title="政体">政體</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>。其<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="全球城市">全球城市</a>A++级别城市和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="国际金融中心">国际金融中心</a>，大都会区人口达1,380万，为欧洲第三大<a href="#cite_note-27">[18]</a>。现任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">英国君主</a>为國王<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="查爾斯三世">查爾斯三世</a>，於2022年9月8日即位。英国由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">四个构成国</a>组成，分别为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a><a href="#cite_note-page823-28">[19]</a>，其中后三者在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放</a>体系之下，各自拥有一定的权力<a href="#cite_note-devoladmins-29">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[22]</a>。三地首府分别为<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡迪夫">卡迪夫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="贝尔法斯特">贝尔法斯特</a>。附近的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%81%A9%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="马恩岛">马恩岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西">根西行政区</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BD%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="泽西">泽西行政区</a>并非联合王国的一部分，而为<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%86%A0%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="王冠属地">皇家屬地</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">英国政府</a>负责其国防及外交事务<a href="#cite_note-32">[23]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">英國的構成國</a>之间的国际关系复杂，在历史上经历了一系列的发展。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰王国">英格兰王国</a>通过1535年和1542年的联合法令将威尔士纳入领土。1707年联合法令使英格兰王国和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="苏格兰王国">苏格兰王国</a>共组<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="大不列顛王國">大不列顛王國</a>，1801年大不列颠王国和<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="爱尔兰王国">爱尔兰王国</a>共组<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%8F%8A%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国">大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国</a>。1922年爱尔兰中南部26个郡（面积占整个爱尔兰的约六分之五）脱离英国组成<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6" title="爱尔兰自由邦">爱尔兰自由邦</a>（当今<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a>的前身），最终造就了当今的大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国<a href="#cite_note-33">[註 10]</a>。大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国亦有<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英国海外领地">14块海外领地</a><a href="#cite_note-overseasterrirories-34">[24]</a>，为往日帝国的遗留部分。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>在1921年达到其巅峰，拥有全球26.5%的领土，是有史以来<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最大帝國列表">面积最大的帝国</a>。戰後英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%BC%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="列強">列強</a>地位快速沒落，但憑藉著平衡、妥協和懷柔政策，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">语言</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="英國文化">文化</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%BE%8E%E6%B3%95%E7%B3%BB" title="英美法系">法律体系</a>上对其前殖民地保留了一定的積極影响，因而吸引許多以前<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>的殖民地移民前來居住，也是少數作為外來統治者卻大受歡迎的國家。<a href="#cite_note-35">[25]</a>然而，英國的殖民歷史及其後續政策仍在全球範圍內引發爭議，既有對文化和法律傳承的認可，也有對殖民統治及其遺留問題的批評。<a href="#cite_note-36">[26]</a> 英国为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E8%BE%BE%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="发达国家">发达国家</a>，以名义GDP为量度是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%B1%87%E7%8E%87)" class="mw-redirect" title="各国国内生产总值列表 (国际汇率)">世界第六大经济体</a>，以<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7" title="购买力平价">购买力平价</a>为量度是<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8_(%E8%B4%AD%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%9B%E5%B9%B3%E4%BB%B7)" class="mw-redirect" title="各国国内生产总值列表 (购买力平价)">世界第十大经济体</a>。英国是世界首个完成工业化的国家，同时也曾是世界上最大的殖民帝国，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業革命">工業革命</a>使英國的生產力大大提高，<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="商業">商業</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A1%E5%AF%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="財富">財富</a>極大的增長，军事实力一度称霸全球，殖民地则为帝国提供巨量的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="原材料">原材料</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%89%E5%83%B9%E5%8B%9E%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="廉價勞動力">廉价劳动力</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%BE%E9%8A%B7" title="傾銷">倾销市场</a>，这些都造就了英国<a href="/wiki/19%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="19世纪">19世纪</a>鼎盛的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%96" title="不列颠治世">不列颠治世</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-ferguson-38">[28]</a>，当今英国国力虽已远不如19世纪，但仍是世界强国之一，在经济、文化、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">军事</a>、科技、教育和政治上均有全球性的显著影响力<a href="#cite_note-39">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-David_M._McCourt-40">[30]</a>。英国为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%89%A9%E6%95%A3%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="不扩散核武器条约">国际公认的</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E6%93%81%E6%9C%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="核武器擁有國列表">有核国家</a>，其军事开支位列<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%98%B2%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国国防预算列表">全球第四</a><a href="#cite_note-SIPRI-41">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-iiss.org-42">[32]</a>。1945年以来英国即为<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="联合国安全理事会">联合国安全理事会</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国安全理事会常任理事国">常任理事国</a>。英国还是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織">七国财长峰会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織">七国集团</a>、<a href="/wiki/G20%E5%B3%B0%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="G20峰会">二十国集团</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北大西洋公约组织</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">经济合作与发展组织</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界贸易组织">世界贸易组织</a>成员国。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="詞源">詞源</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：詞源">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%B1%E5%91%BC" title="不列顛群島的稱呼">不列顛群島的稱呼</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%A6%E4%B8%89%E5%B2%9B" title="英伦三岛">英伦三岛</a></div>不列颠（英语：Britain）这个名称是源于不列颠尼亚（Britannia，或可译成大不列颠，早期拼写为Brittannia）这个拉丁文名称，经由<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" title="古法語">古法语</a>的Britain（现代法语中的Bretagne，即布列塔尼）以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="中古英语">中古英语</a>的Bretayne, Breteyne这些词发展而来。该法文词来自被取代的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="古英语">古英语</a>词Breoton, Breoten, Bryten, Breten（也可能包括了Breoton-lond, Breten-lond）。而该拉丁文词则是从希腊词组Prettanike或Brettaniai而来，原本意指一群有着各自名字的岛屿。到了公元前一世纪，不列颠尼亚常常特别被用来指大不列颠岛，罗马帝国征服英伦之后，由于建立的行省名为<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="不列顛尼亞行省">不列颠尼亚</a>，大不列颠岛的名称从此固定下来。《1707联合法令》后，由英格兰和苏格兰王国合并而成的王国便称“大不列颠联合王国”。 英格兰（英语：England）这个名字源自Angles（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF%E4%BA%BA" title="盎格魯人">盎格鲁人</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%A4%A7%E8%BF%81%E5%BE%99" class="mw-redirect" title="民族大迁徙">大迁徙时期</a>从<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="日德兰半岛">日德兰半岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BE%B7%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="北德平原">北德平原</a>渡海入侵不列颠的三大<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E4%BA%BA" title="日耳曼人">日耳曼</a>部落之一），其原名“Engla-lond”意为“盎格鲁人之地”。公元927年英格兰七国时代结束，始称英格兰王国。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="人种称呼">人种称呼</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：人种称呼">编辑</a>]</div> 英伦三岛最早的居民为<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E7%AB%8B%E5%90%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="凱爾特布立吞人">凯尔特布立吞人</a>，其语出古希腊历史学家<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%A9%E9%83%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%B5%AB%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%9F%83%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF" title="米利都的赫卡塔埃乌斯">米利都的赫卡塔埃乌斯</a>。他在前517年写作关于<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%B5%9B" title="马赛">马西利亚</a>人时将凯尔特人称作Κελτοί<a href="#cite_note-43">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[34]</a>，其拉丁转写为Celtus（复数为Celti或Celtae），希腊名为Κέλτης（复数Κέλται）或Κελτός（复数Κελτοί）<a href="#cite_note-45">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[36]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%BC" title="老普林尼">老普林尼</a>说在<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%89%E6%81%AF%E5%A4%AA%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="琉息太尼亞">琉息太尼亚</a>这些词是部落的姓氏<a href="#cite_note-47">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[38]</a>。 拉丁语Gallus（复数Galli）也可能是直接来自凯尔特的民族或<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E8%90%BD" title="部落">部落</a>名，前5世纪早期在高卢人扩张到意大利半岛时被转化成了拉丁语。其词根可能是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="原始凱爾特語">原始凯尔特语</a>*galno，意即“力量”。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%81%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="盎格魯-撒克遜人">盎格鲁-撒克逊</a>一词最初在<a href="/wiki/8%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" class="mw-redirect" title="8世紀">8世纪</a>被使用，是一个<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁语</a>词汇，出自<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%97%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="阿佛列大帝">阿佛列大帝</a>时代的纸本文件。文件中，他频繁使用“rex Anglorum Saxonum”或“rex Angul-Saxonum”，以区分“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="不列顛島">不列颠岛</a>上的日耳曼人”和“欧洲的萨克森日耳曼人、盎格利亚日耳曼人”<a href="#cite_note-49">[39]</a>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%AF%E7%91%9F%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="凯瑟琳·希尔斯（页面不存在）">凯瑟琳·希尔斯</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Hills" class="extiw" title="en:Catherine Hills">Catherine Hills</a>）在她的观察中总结了许多现代学者的观点，认为“盎格鲁-撒克逊”这个词汇更多的是人为创造的，用以表达不列颠岛上特殊的政治、宗教和建筑风格，这个词在一开始并没有现在的“人种”含义<a href="#cite_note-50">[40]</a>。 诺曼人（诺曼语：Normaunds），本意为“北方人”，是一支定居在法国<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BA%95" title="诺曼底">诺曼底地区</a>的混種民族，為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B%E4%BA%BA" title="法蘭克人">法蘭克人</a>、高盧人和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC%E4%BA%BA" title="維京人">維京人</a>混血，很大程度上受到了法國文化影响。<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="诺曼征服英格兰">诺曼征服</a>完成之后，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" class="mw-redirect" title="威廉一世 (英格兰)">威廉一世</a>迅速进行中央集权，同时他罢免盎克鲁-撒克逊血统的领主，改采诺曼贵族进行地方管理<a href="#cite_note-51">[41]</a>。诺曼贵族与本土女性通婚，因此英格兰人也普遍拥有诺曼血统，他们大量学习的法国文化与英国本土文化交融，形成了<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81-%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盎格鲁-诺曼文化（页面不存在）">盎格鲁-诺曼文化</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[42]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史">歷史</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：歷史">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合王國歷史">聯合王國歷史</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="不列顛群島歷史">不列顛群島歷史</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="英國君主">英國君主</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%97%97_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="皇家旗 (英國)">皇家旗 (英國)</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89%E5%8F%B2" title="英国战争史">英国战争史</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早期历史">早期历史</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：早期历史">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0" title="史前不列颠">史前不列颠</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="不列顛尼亞行省">不列颠尼亚行省</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stonehenge,_Condado_de_Wiltshire,_Inglaterra,_2014-08-12,_DD_18.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG/220px-Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG/330px-Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG/440px-Stonehenge%2C_Condado_de_Wiltshire%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_18.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5265" data-file-height="2786" /></a><figcaption>位于<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="威爾特郡">威尔特郡</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%98%B5" title="巨石阵">巨石阵</a>，其中石柱均高约4米（13英尺），宽2米（7英尺），重达25吨，建于公元前2400–2200年之间</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%84%82%E4%BA%BA" title="克羅馬儂人">克羅馬儂人</a>在不列颠岛上的定居点约在距今30000年左右建立<a href="#cite_note-53">[43]</a>，11500年前的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%AC%A1%E5%86%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="末次冰期">末次冰期</a>结束后，开始有居民永久定居。英国史前时代后期，<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E5%B8%83%E7%AB%8B%E5%90%9E%E4%BA%BA" title="凱爾特布立吞人">凯尔特布立吞人</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%BA%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E7%9A%84%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" title="蓋爾人時代的愛爾蘭">盖尔爱尔兰</a>被认为同属<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%BF%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="岛屿凯尔特文化（页面不存在）">岛屿凯尔特文化</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insular_Celtic" class="extiw" title="en:Insular Celtic">Insular Celtic</a>）<a href="#cite_note-54">[44]</a>。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos,_Bath,_Inglaterra,_2014-08-12,_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Photograph of the Baths showing a rectangular area of greenish water surrounded by yellow stone buildings with pillars. In the background is the tower of the abbey." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG/220px-Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG/330px-Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG/440px-Ba%C3%B1os_Romanos%2C_Bath%2C_Inglaterra%2C_2014-08-12%2C_DD_39-41_HDR.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5304" data-file-height="3600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%B5%B4%E5%9C%BA_(%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF)" title="罗马浴场 (巴斯)">巴斯浴场</a>是英国一个保存完好的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E_(%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81)" title="不列顛尼亞 (羅馬行省)">不列颠尼亚</a>时期<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%B5%B4%E5%9C%BA" title="古罗马浴场">古罗马浴场</a></figcaption></figure> 公元43年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B" title="羅馬征服不列顛">罗马帝国皇帝克劳狄一世进攻不列颠</a>，英格兰地区逐渐被征服为帝国的一个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E_(%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E8%A1%8C%E7%9C%81)" title="不列顛尼亞 (羅馬行省)">行省</a>。122年，为抵御<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%BA" title="皮克特人">皮克特人</a>的袭扰，罗马皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E8%89%AF" title="哈德良">哈德良</a>下令修建<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E8%89%AF%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E" title="哈德良长城">哈德良长城</a>，之后<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%95%A6%E5%AE%81%C2%B7%E6%AF%95%E5%B0%A4" title="安敦宁·毕尤">安敦宁·毕尤</a>又在长城以北建<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%E5%A2%99" class="mw-redirect" title="安东尼墙">安东尼边墙</a>。四世纪末，<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%81%9C%E4%BA%BA" title="盎格魯-撒克遜人">盎克鲁-撒克逊</a>等日耳曼部落开始迁入不列颠群岛，由于动荡的局势，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="西羅馬帝國">西罗马帝国</a>被迫放弃不列颠行省，英格兰进入<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%80%8A%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰">盎格鲁-撒克逊时期</a>，英格兰地区<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="七国时代">分裂成七个国家</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>在这一时期开始传入英国。八世纪末，维京海盗不断登岛劫掠，在878年被<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="威塞克斯王國">威塞克斯</a>国王<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="阿尔弗雷德大帝">阿尔弗雷德大帝</a>击败后同意议和，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="丹麥法區">丹麦法区</a>设立。927年，阿尔弗雷德的继承者<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="埃塞尔斯坦">埃塞尔斯坦</a>征服<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%A3%AE%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9E%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="諾森布里亞王國">诺森布里亚王国</a>，统一英格兰地区，威塞克斯王国自此转变为英格兰王国<a href="#cite_note-55">[45]</a>。1066年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5" title="威塞克斯伯爵">威塞克斯伯爵</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%BA%E6%82%94%E8%80%85%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF" title="懺悔者愛德華">忏悔者爱德华</a>病逝，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" class="mw-redirect" title="威廉一世 (英格兰)">法国诺曼底公爵威廉</a>入侵英格兰，并陆续征服不列颠群岛各地，史称“<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="诺曼征服英格兰">諾曼征服</a>”，欧陆文化逐渐传入英国。 5世纪开始，不列颠北部便分裂为数个小王国，随着维京海盗的入侵皮克特人逐步吸收<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="盖尔人">盖尔文化</a>，苏格兰地区与南部的英格兰几乎在同时期走向统一。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%BE%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="亚尔宾王朝">亚尔宾王朝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="唐纳德二世">唐纳德二世</a>于公元9世纪成为了第一个阿尔巴国王，标志着苏格兰王国的建立<a href="#cite_note-56">[46]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="王国的合并">王国的合并</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：王国的合并">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰历史">英格兰历史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="苏格兰历史">苏格兰历史</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="威爾士歷史">威尔士历史</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="北爱尔兰历史">北爱尔兰历史</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg/220px-Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg/330px-Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Bayeux_Tapestry_WillelmDux.jpg 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="291" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%8F%B6%E6%8C%82%E6%AF%AF" title="贝叶挂毯">贝叶挂毯</a>描绘的1066年<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%96%AF%E5%BB%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="黑斯廷斯之战">黑斯廷斯战役</a>经过</figcaption></figure> 現在的英國領土是過去的幾百年中多次合併的結果。在10世紀時，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇格蘭王國">蘇格蘭王國</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="英格蘭王國">英格蘭王國</a>各自是獨立的國家。1155年，英王<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="亨利二世 (英格兰)">亨利二世</a>获得<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E5%AE%97" title="教宗">教宗</a>赐予的爱尔兰作为自己的封建领地，并于1171年正式出兵，1177年控制了爱尔兰大部分地区。1284年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="威尔士公国">威爾斯公國</a>被英格蘭国王<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="爱德华一世">爱德华一世</a>征服，而后实际被英格兰王国控制<a href="#cite_note-57">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-RDEOGB1999-58">[48]</a>，直至1535年成為英格蘭的一部分<a href="#cite_note-BBC_Tudors-59">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[50]</a>。1296年，爱德华一世又趁苏格兰王位继承危机占领<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="苏格兰王国">苏格兰王国</a>。然而以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8F%AF%E8%90%8A%E5%A3%AB" title="威廉·華萊士">威廉·華萊士</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="罗伯特一世 (苏格兰)">罗伯特·布鲁斯</a>为首的苏格兰贵族不断<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第一次苏格兰独立战争（页面不存在）">发起叛乱</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_War_of_Scottish_Independence" class="extiw" title="en:First War of Scottish Independence">First War of Scottish Independence</a>）<a href="#cite_note-61">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-62">[52]</a>，英格兰始终无法有效控制新征服的土地。1307年爱德华骤逝后战局很快恶化，他的继任者<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="爱德华二世">爱德华二世</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E8%AF%BA%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%AC%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="班诺克本战役">班诺克本战役</a>中遭到惨败，于1323年被迫承认<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="阿布羅斯宣言">苏格兰独立</a>。14世纪中叶的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第二次苏格兰独立战争（页面不存在）">第二次苏格兰独立战争</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_War_of_Scottish_Independence" class="extiw" title="en:Second War of Scottish Independence">Second War of Scottish Independence</a>）后，尽管英格兰仍尝试武力吞并北方邻国，但从未成功过。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Treaty_of_Union.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Treaty_of_Union.jpg/220px-Treaty_of_Union.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Treaty_of_Union.jpg/330px-Treaty_of_Union.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Treaty_of_Union.jpg/440px-Treaty_of_Union.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1562" data-file-height="1225" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/1707%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1707年聯合法令">《1707年联合法令》</a>使整个<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列颠岛</a>统合为一个国家</figcaption></figure> 1542年，因<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96" title="亨利八世">亨利八世</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%95%99%E5%BB%B7" title="羅馬教廷">罗马教廷</a>决裂，之前的教皇封地不再有效，亨利八世加冕为<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="愛爾蘭國王">爱尔兰国王</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="愛爾蘭王國">爱尔兰王国</a>建立。1603年，英格蘭王國和蘇格蘭王國兩國在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96%E5%8F%8A%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="詹姆士六世及一世">詹姆斯六世及一世</a>的治下成為<a href="/wiki/1603%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="1603年聯合法令">共主邦聯</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[54]</a>，1707年通过<a href="/wiki/1707%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1707年聯合法令">《1707年聯合法令》</a>正式合併為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="大不列顛王國">大不列顛王國</a><a href="#cite_note-Mitchison2002p314-65">[55]</a>。1801年，已成为共主联邦的大不列顛王國和爱尔兰王国合併，组成<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E8%88%87%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列顛與愛爾蘭聯合王國">大不列顛與愛爾蘭聯合王國</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[56]</a>。1922年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="愛爾蘭自由邦">愛爾蘭自由邦</a>成立<a href="#cite_note-67">[57]</a>，而<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>則仍由英国政府控制，英国国名也在1927年改为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国<a href="#cite_note-68">[58]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="英格兰内战与光荣革命">英格兰内战与光荣革命</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：英格兰内战与光荣革命">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰内战">英格兰内战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E4%BA%9A%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%8D%E8%BE%9F" title="斯图亚特王朝复辟">斯图亚特王朝复辟</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%8D%A3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="光荣革命">光荣革命</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/220px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/330px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg/440px-Attempted_Arrest_of_the_Five_members_by_Charles_West_Cope.jpg 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="408" /></a><figcaption>查理一世武装闯入下院试图逮捕五名议员<a href="#cite_note-70">[註 11]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="红白玫瑰战争">红白玫瑰战争</a>结束后<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E9%93%8E%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="都铎王朝">都铎王朝</a>建立，英格兰贵族势力遭到削弱，为英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%88%E5%88%B6" title="君主專制">专制王权</a>的发展提供了土壤。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96" title="亨利八世">亨利八世</a>继位后提出“<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E6%AC%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%8E%88%E8%AA%AA" title="君權神授說">君权神授</a>”理论，推动<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="英格兰宗教改革">宗教改革</a>侵吞大量教产，设立<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E5%AE%A4%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="星室法院">星室法院</a>，使国王得以脱离议会独立执政。然而到17世纪，王室因为战争和长期挥霍财政状况日益拮据<a href="#cite_note-71">[60]</a>，以至于<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96%E5%8F%8A%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="詹姆士六世及一世">詹姆斯一世</a>不得不经常召开议会<a href="#cite_note-72">[61]</a>筹措资金。其子<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="查理一世 (英格蘭)">查理一世</a>不愿意和议会妥协，自1629年后维持<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%93%E5%88%B6%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十一年专制期（页面不存在）">个人的专横统治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Rule" class="extiw" title="en:Personal Rule">Personal Rule</a>）长达11年时间<a href="#cite_note-73">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-:9-74">[63]</a>，但迫于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="主教戰爭">苏格兰叛乱</a>的压力还是不得不先后召开<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AD%E6%9C%9F%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="短期议会">短期</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[64]</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E6%9C%9F%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="長期議會">长期议会</a>寻求后者对战争的支持<a href="#cite_note-:9-74">[63]</a>。之后双方的矛盾愈演愈烈最终导致了<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰内战">英格兰内战</a>的爆发。 保王党的军队在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="第一次英格兰内战">第一次内战</a>前期取得过一定优势，然而1645年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%E6%AF%94%E6%88%98%E5%BD%B9" title="内斯比战役">内斯比战役</a>后其被议会的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%A8%A1%E8%8C%83%E5%86%9B" title="新模范军">新模范军</a>彻底摧毁<a href="#cite_note-76">[65]</a>，查理向苏格兰军队投降，随即被移交给英国议会。1648年保王党人挑起<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="第二次英格兰内战">第二次英格兰内战</a>，但很快就被议会军镇压，再度抓回逃亡的查理一世后，已经清洗了同情国王议员的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%8B%E7%BC%BA%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="残缺议会">残缺议会</a>指控其犯有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%9B%E5%9B%BD%E7%BD%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="叛国罪">叛国罪</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[66]</a>，法庭裁定罪名成立并<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96%E7%9A%84%E8%99%95%E6%B1%BA" title="查理一世的處決">将之处决</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-79">[68]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E9%A1%B1%E9%BB%A8" title="圓顱黨">圆颅党</a>随即废止上议院建立由<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%8A%A1%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="国务会议 (英格兰)">国务会议</a>掌控的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="英格兰共和国">共和国</a><a href="#cite_note-:10-80">[69]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%88%A9%E5%BC%97%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E4%BC%A6%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94" title="奥利弗·克伦威尔">奥利弗·克伦威尔</a>作为新模范军指挥官于1653年强行解散残缺议会<a href="#cite_note-81">[70]</a>，自任“<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%AC" title="护国公">护国公</a>”进行独裁统治<a href="#cite_note-:10-80">[69]</a>直到1658年去世。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham,_1688.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg/220px-William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg/330px-William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg/440px-William_of_Orange_III_and_his_Dutch_army_land_in_Brixham%2C_1688.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1557" data-file-height="1081" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="威廉三世 (英格兰)">威廉三世</a>率领荷兰军队在<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E8%B2%9D" title="托貝">托贝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E7%91%9F%E5%A7%86" title="布里克瑟姆">布里克瑟姆</a>登陆</figcaption></figure> 1660年<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="查理二世 (英格兰)">查理二世</a>返回伦敦<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E4%BA%9A%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%8D%E8%BE%9F" title="斯图亚特王朝复辟">复辟斯特亚特王朝</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[71]</a>，由于没有合法子嗣，继承王位的将是他的幼弟<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="詹姆斯二世 (英格蘭)">詹姆斯二世</a>，然而后者因为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教會">天主教</a>信仰<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%96%A5%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="排斥危机">并未受到广泛欢迎</a>，其登基后颁布的一系列宗教宽容措施激怒了信仰<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>的英格兰居民，成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%8D%A3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="光荣革命">光荣革命</a>导火索。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="玛丽二世 (英格兰)">玛丽二世</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%B0%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%B2%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="奥兰治亲王">奥兰治亲王</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="威廉三世 (英格兰)">威廉三世</a>得到<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%9D%E6%A0%BC%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="輝格黨 (英國)">国内反对派</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%B4%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E7%9A%84%E9%82%80%E8%AF%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="致威廉的邀请（页面不存在）">对其发出的邀请</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invitation_to_William" class="extiw" title="en:Invitation to William">Invitation to William</a>）<a href="#cite_note-83">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[註 12]</a>，于1689年11月5日率领荷兰军队在<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E8%B2%9D" title="托貝">托贝</a>登陆<a href="#cite_note-85">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[74]</a>，忠于国王的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="皇家海军 (英国)">皇家海军</a>由于逆风和潮汐无法拦截<a href="#cite_note-87">[75]</a>，丧尽民心的詹姆斯二世只能逃亡法国。次年玛丽夫妇在接受《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" title="权利法案">权利法案</a>》后共同加冕为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰国王">英格兰国王</a><a href="#cite_note-:11-88">[76]</a>，“<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E8%87%B3%E4%B8%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="議會至上">议会至上</a>”的政治原则自此确立<a href="#cite_note-:11-88">[76]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="对外殖民和大英帝国">对外殖民和大英帝国</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：对外殖民和大英帝国">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay,_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff/lossy-page1-220px-The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff/lossy-page1-330px-The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff/lossy-page1-440px-The_Battle_of_Quiberon_Bay%2C_20_November_1759_RMG_BHC0397.tiff.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="4640" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">英国皇家海军</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E4%BC%AF%E9%BE%99%E6%B9%BE%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%98" title="基伯龙湾海战">基伯龙湾海战</a>中决定性地击败法国舰队</figcaption></figure> 英國自16世纪<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="伊丽莎白一世">伊丽莎白一世</a>时期开始对外殖民，早期殖民活动以<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E6%8E%A0" title="私掠">私掠</a>贸易为主，对象一般是满载<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="新大陸">新大陆</a>财宝的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%8F%8D%E5%AE%9D%E8%88%B9%E9%98%9F" title="西班牙珍宝船队">西班牙远洋船队</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%A5%BF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD_(1585%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941604%E5%B9%B4)" title="英西戰爭 (1585年—1604年)">英西战争</a>结束后其开始自己的殖民点建设。1607年英国在北美大陆的第一个永久定居点<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E6%95%A6_(%E7%B6%AD%E5%90%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%B7%9E)" title="詹姆斯敦 (維吉尼亞州)">詹姆斯敦</a>建立，随后整个17世纪随着<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%A5%B4%E9%9A%B8%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93" title="大西洋奴隸貿易">大西洋黑奴贸易</a>的扩张，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%89%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="十三殖民地">十三殖民地</a>逐步成型。与此同时英荷两国作为新兴海上强权<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%8D%B7%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="英荷戰爭">不断爆发战争</a>，1672年英国与<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="法蘭西王國">法蘭西王國</a>结盟共同进攻<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="荷蘭共和國">荷兰</a>，是为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%8D%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="法荷战争">法荷战争</a>，自此之后联省共和国疲于应对来自陆上的威胁逐渐衰弱，英国在18世纪初叶的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D%E7%B9%BC%E6%89%BF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="西班牙王位繼承戰爭">西班牙王位繼承戰爭</a>后成为海上霸主。18世纪中叶英国又与<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%AD%AF%E5%A3%AB%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="普魯士王國">普鲁士王国</a>结盟，在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="七年战争">七年战争</a>后夺取<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B1%9E%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%E5%AE%89%E9%82%A3" title="法属路易斯安那">法属路易斯安那</a>并获得印度殖民的主导权。之后英格兰聯合諸多歐洲強國，在持續二十多年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%B3%95%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F" title="反法同盟">反法同盟</a>戰爭後擊敗法国，取得世界霸主地位。 <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:British_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/British_Empire.svg/201px-British_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="201" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/British_Empire.svg/302px-British_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/British_Empire.svg/402px-British_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="999" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>歷史上的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a>領土（時間交錯）</figcaption></figure> 19世纪，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>有著“<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業革命">世界工廠</a>”的稱號，是世界上第一個<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業革命">工業革命</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%8C%96" title="工業化">工業化</a>的國家，西方<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="資本主義">資本主義</a>的倡導者，並且是早期<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E5%88%B6" title="議會制">議會民主制</a>的誕生地。無論在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="科學">科學</a>技術還是<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="文學">文學</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="藝術">藝術</a>水平皆有顯著的貢獻。在其頂峰時期，大英帝国曾經控制世界百分之二十二的土地和世界百分之二十的人口，因其控制的土地覆盖<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>大部分經度，太陽時時刻刻都會照耀<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英國殖民地">英屬領土</a>，故稱為“<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E4%B8%8D%E8%90%BD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="日不落帝國">日不落帝國</a>”，是人類歷史上最大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="帝國">帝國</a>。到<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80" class="mw-redirect" title="二十世紀">二十世紀</a>前半葉，經歷了两次<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" title="世界大戰">世界大戰</a>的英國國力減退。而在後半個世紀中，這個龐大的殖民帝國的殖民地紛紛開始獨立。在處理殖民地獨立問題時，英國利用“<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E8%80%8C%E6%B2%BB%E4%B9%8B" title="分而治之">分而治之</a>”的手段，在謀求本國最大利益的同時，給原殖民地帶來了極大的不安定因素<a href="#cite_note-89">[77]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="英屬香港">香港</a>是最後一個脫離英國的殖民地，其主權于1997年7月1日移交給<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國">中華人民共和國</a>，这也标志着大英帝国的结束。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="二战后和当代英国">二战后和当代英国</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：二战后和当代英国">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg/220px-Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg/330px-Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg/440px-Reagan-Thatcher_cabinet_talks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2033" data-file-height="1350" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E6%A0%BC%E4%B8%BD%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%92%92%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94" title="玛格丽特·撒切尔">玛格丽特·撒切尔</a>召开<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="英国内阁">内阁会议</a></figcaption></figure> 雖然英國在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第二次世界大戰">第二次世界大戰</a>後國力下降和經濟不景氣，但是工党自1945年執政後，制定<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="福利國家">福利國家</a>的政策，包括成立<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E4%BF%9D%E5%81%A5%E7%BD%B2" title="國民保健署">國民保健署</a>（NHS），為英國經濟恢復穩定，但工黨執政時期的國有化政策，導致1970年代的經濟衰退。 保守黨領導人「<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%A8%98%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="鐵娘子">鐵娘子</a>」<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E6%A0%BC%E9%BA%97%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%9F%B4%E5%A5%91%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="瑪格麗特·柴契爾">柴契爾夫人</a>在1979年當選為<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國首相">首相</a>後，便大力推行改革，倡議“<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%8D%93%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="戴卓爾夫人">柴契爾</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%8D%93%E7%88%BE%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="戴卓爾主義">主義</a>”（Thatcherism），成功削減部分福利開支和削弱工會的力量，同時，壓縮政府公共開支，降低税收，提倡<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="自由經濟">自由經濟</a>，在經濟上實行大規模<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E6%9C%89%E5%8C%96" title="私有化">私有化</a>政策，減少對經濟活動的政府管制和干預。於是，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>經濟最終走出了長期滯脹的局面。自1981年以後，其年經濟成長率達3%以上，在主要發達國家中僅次於<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>。但是柴契爾夫人在帮助英國經濟復甦和保持國際上的影響力的同時，國內的貧富差距也逐步加大，導致部分英國人的反對。之後同黨繼任者<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%8D%93%E5%AE%89" class="mw-redirect" title="馬卓安">馬卓安</a>首相之任內英國經濟一直不振。其後工黨領袖<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%90%8A%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="東尼·布萊爾">東尼·布萊爾</a>於1997年當選為首相後，英國經濟慢慢才得以恢復。2008年环球金融危机再次给英国经济造成打击。現在，英國雖然為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大國">大國</a>之一，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="外交">外交</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟">經濟</a>上均有舉足輕重的地位，但是在國際<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="外交">外交</a>舞台上扮演的角色已大不如19世紀。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg/220px-Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg/330px-Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg/440px-Brexit_crowds_in_Parliament_Square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3812" data-file-height="2426" /></a><figcaption>2020年12月31日晚，英国脱欧支持者聚集在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA" title="国会广场">国会广场</a>倒数零点的脱离时刻</figcaption></figure> 英國是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="英聯邦">英聯邦</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a>解體後继承的松散組織）元首国，并在1973年正式加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐盟">歐盟</a>。2010年5月11日，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%9B%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%BA%A5%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="大衛·卡麥隆">大衛·卡麥隆</a>正式接替<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E7%99%BB%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97" title="戈登·布朗">戈登·布朗</a>，出任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國首相">英國首相</a>。2016年6月23日，英國舉行脫歐公投，結果為52%同意、48%反對，因此英國政府決定脫離歐盟，開始協商達成退出歐盟協議。但<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>首席部長<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E5%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="尼古拉·史特金">尼古拉·史特金</a>（Nicola Sturgeon）在得悉蘇格蘭32個選區均是「留歐」勝出後，表示蘇格蘭人民已經果斷表態。她認為，選舉結果清楚顯示蘇格蘭人民希望未來成為歐盟一部分。<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇格蘭民族黨">蘇格蘭民族黨</a>早前的宣言指出，假如環境跟2014年公投時有「顯著及實質的改變」——例如蘇格蘭被迫脫歐——將會嘗試重啟獨立公投。而<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%8A%AC%E9%BB%A8" title="新芬黨">新芬黨</a>主席迪可蘭.柯尼（Declan Kearney）則措辭強硬，認為結果違反北愛人民的意願，英國政府亦無法代表他們的經濟及政治利益。柯尼亦重申他在2019年3月的呼籲，認為北愛爾蘭應該啟動國界公投，決定是否脫離英國，「回歸」唯一接壤英國邊境的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐盟">歐盟</a>成員國——<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="愛爾蘭">愛爾蘭</a>。以上事件反映出此次的脫歐決定可能對英國帶來嚴重衝擊。2019年12月20日，議院以358票對234票通過，自2020年1月31日起正式<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%80%80%E5%87%BA%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="英國退出歐洲聯盟">退出歐盟</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[78]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理">地理</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：地理">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uk_topo_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Uk_topo_en.jpg/170px-Uk_topo_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Uk_topo_en.jpg/255px-Uk_topo_en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Uk_topo_en.jpg/340px-Uk_topo_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3089" /></a><figcaption>英国地形图</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="英国地理">英国地理</a></div> 英国总面积约243,610平方千米（94,060平方英里），占有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="不列颠群岛">不列颠群岛</a>大部分地区，当中包括整个<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">不列颠岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>（面积占整个爱尔兰岛1/6）和一些围绕不列颠群岛的小岛屿<a href="#cite_note-91">[79]</a>。该国坐落在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="北大西洋">北大西洋</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7_(%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B)" title="北海 (大西洋)">北海</a>之间，东南海岸朝向<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>，距离法国北部海岸35千米（22英里），中间被<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%90%89%E5%88%A9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="英吉利海峡">英吉利海峡</a>分隔<a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>，另外還有<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">十四塊海外領土</a>分佈在世界上不同地方。根据一个1993年的调查，英国10％的国土是森林，其中46％用作畜牧业用途，另有25％用作农业用途<a href="#cite_note-Atlapedia-92">[80]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%A8%81%E6%B2%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="格林威治天文台">格林威治天文台</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%9D%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%B7%9A" title="本初子午線">本初子午线</a>的起点。 英国国土最北端的横坐标是北纬61°，最南端的横坐标是北纬49°，而最西端的纵坐标是西经9°，最东端的纵坐标是东经2°。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="爱尔兰共和国">爱尔兰共和国</a>的边界长达360千米（224英里）<a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>，不列颠海岸线长达17,820千米（11,073英里）<a href="#cite_note-93">[81]</a>。不列颠岛以<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%B3%95%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93" title="英法海底隧道">海峡隧道</a>连接<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86" class="mw-redirect" title="欧洲大陆">欧洲大陆</a>，总长度达50千米（31英里），其中水底部分长达38千米（24英里），是当前世界上最长的水底隧道<a href="#cite_note-94">[82]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="英格蘭地理">英格兰</a>占了英国总面积的一半，达130,422平方公里（50,360平方英里）<a href="#cite_note-95">[83]</a>。大部分是低地<a href="#cite_note-Atlapedia-92">[80]</a>，在过了Tees-Exe线后，西北有一些山脉；其中包括有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%BA" title="湖区">湖区</a>，山峰区、埃克斯穆尔区和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%89%B9%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94" title="达特穆尔">达特穆尔</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%94%E5%AE%81%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="奔宁山脉">奔宁山脉</a>和一些石灰岩山脉。英格兰最高的山峰是湖区<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E8%B2%BB%E7%88%BE%E5%B3%B0" title="斯科費爾峰">斯科費爾峰</a>（高达978米（3,209英尺））。主要河流、入海口有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%99%A4%E5%A3%AB%E6%B2%B3" title="泰晤士河">泰晤士河</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%96%87%E6%B2%B3" title="塞文河">塞文河</a>和亨伯河<a href="#cite_note-Atlapedia-92">[80]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="蘇格蘭地理">苏格兰</a>占英国总面积的1/3，面积达78,133平方公里（30,170平方英里）<a href="#cite_note-96">[84]</a>。当中有近八百个岛屿<a href="#cite_note-97">[85]</a>，大部分分布在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>岛的西部、北部；分别称为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%95%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="赫布里底群岛">赫布里底群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="奥克尼群岛">奥克尼群岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="设德兰群岛">设德兰群岛</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>的地形是高地边界断层造成的，这个断层，西至艾伦岛，东至斯通黑文<a href="#cite_note-98">[86]</a>。断层造成两个不同的区域；西北部的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰高地">苏格兰高地</a>和东南部的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E4%BD%8E%E5%9C%B0" title="蘇格蘭低地">苏格兰低地</a>。苏格兰大部分山地都在高地区域，其中有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列颠岛">大不列颠岛</a>最高的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%BC%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="本尼维斯山">本尼维斯山</a>（高达1,343米（4,406英尺））<a href="#cite_note-99">[87]</a>。在低地区域的福斯湾和克莱德湾之间的狭窄被称作中央低地，这个地带裡坐落着拥有最多人口的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="格拉斯哥">格拉斯哥</a>和首府、政治中心<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="威爾士地理">威尔士</a>占全英国面积不到1/10，约20,779平方公里（8,020平方英里）<a href="#cite_note-100">[88]</a>。威尔士在全英来说，是最多山地的，只有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="南威尔士">南威尔士</a>山地较少。海滨城市<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡迪夫">卡迪夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%97%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="斯旺西">斯旺西</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9" title="纽波特">纽波特</a>都坐落在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="南威尔士">南威尔士</a>。在这三个城市的北部，有南威尔士山谷。斯诺多尼亚山和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E8%AB%BE%E7%99%BB%E5%B1%B1" title="斯諾登山">斯諾登山</a>（高达1,085米（3,560英尺），是威尔士最高的山）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>最高的两座山。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>14座超过914米（3,000尺）的山一起被称为Welsh 3,000s。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>的海岸线长达1,200公里（750里）。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>也有几个岛，当中最大的是西北部的安格尔西岛。 <a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="愛爾蘭地理">北爱尔兰</a>面积只有13,576平方公里（5,240平方英里），大部分都是山地。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>有不列颠群岛最大的湖，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E6%B9%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="內湖 (英國)">內湖</a>，面积达388平方公里（150平方英里）<a href="#cite_note-101">[89]</a>。北爱尔兰的高峰是莫恩山的多纳德峰（高达852米（2,795英尺））<a href="#cite_note-Atlapedia-92">[80]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="氣候">氣候</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：氣候">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/220px-UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="466" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/330px-UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/440px-UK_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="765" data-file-height="1620" /></a><figcaption>联合王国不同地区的气候类型<a href="#cite_note-102">[註 13]</a></figcaption></figure> 英国大部分地区气候温和，全年气温普遍凉爽，雨量充沛<a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>。温度随季节变化，不过有很少低于0°C (32°F) 或高于30°C (86 °F)的情况<a href="#cite_note-103">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[91]</a>。英格兰、威尔士、北爱尔兰和苏格兰大部分远离海岸的地区主要为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B8%A6%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="温带海洋性气候">温带海洋性气候</a> (Cfc)。苏格兰的高海拔地区以<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="副极地气候">副极地气候</a>(Dfc)为主，山区则为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%94%E5%8E%9F%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="苔原气候">苔原气候</a>(ET)<a href="#cite_note-105">[92]</a>。 英国全年盛行西南风，其经常带来<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B" title="大西洋">大西洋</a>的暖湿气流<a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>，然而东部地区受<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E9%A3%8E" title="季风">季风</a>的影响较小。由于大部分降雨落在西部地区，因此东部地区更为干燥。被<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5%E6%B9%BE%E6%9A%96%E6%B5%81_(%E4%BD%9B%E7%BD%97%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE%E5%B7%9E)" title="墨西哥湾暖流 (佛罗里达州)">墨西哥湾暖流</a>加热的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E6%BC%82%E6%B5%81" title="北大西洋漂流">北大西洋漂流</a>使得英国的冬季较同纬度地区更为温和，特别是在潮湿的西部，在高地上更是如此。英格兰东南部的夏季温度最高，而在其北部则最凉爽。冬季和早春高地上可能会下大雪，不过偶尔降雪也会落到远离山丘的深壑处<a href="#cite_note-106">[93]</a>。 英国的年平均<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%85%A7%E6%99%82%E6%95%B8" title="日照時數">日照时间</a>为1,339.7小时，不过这个数据仅有其历年最大值的30%<a href="#cite_note-:0-107">[94]</a>。实际上每年的日照时间从1200小时到大约1580小时不等，自1996年以来，英国的年均日照时间一直高于1981-2010年的平均水平<a href="#cite_note-:0-107">[94]</a>。 在<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E7%BB%A9%E6%95%88%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="环境绩效指数">环境绩效指数</a>方面，英国于180个国家中排名第二<a href="#cite_note-108">[95]</a>，其议会已经通过一项法案，规定到2050年前英国要实现<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E4%B8%AD%E5%92%8C" title="碳中和">碳中和</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[96]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="生态">生态</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：生态">编辑</a>]</div> 除苏格兰北部、北部和西部最高的山丘、饱和的沼泽和沼泽以及海岸边缘外，不列颠群岛的自然植被都是以<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%8E%E5%B1%9E" title="栎属">橡树</a>为主的<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%BD%E8%91%89%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="落葉林">落叶林</a>。人类的占领使得在封闭的耕地之外仅留下了零星的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="林地">林地</a>和野生或半自然植被区域。很少有优质的、拥有任何真正的自然植物<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E9%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="群集">群落</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%BC%E6%B3%BD" title="沼泽">沼泽地</a>和荒地。几乎所有的自然植被区域都对放牧、为控制<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E7%81%AB" title="野火">野火</a>所做的植被清除或其他人类活动表现出不同程度的适应。目前，林地占比不到该国面积的十分之一，尽管林业委员会自1919年成立以来一直在积极开展工作，但近三分之二的林地仍掌握在私人手中。目前联合王国最大的林地分布在苏格兰东北部、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%A3%AE%E4%BC%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%83%A1" title="諾森伯蘭郡">诺森伯兰郡</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97" title="基尔德森林">基尔德森林</a>和其他森林、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%83%A1" title="萨塞克斯郡">萨塞克斯</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E5%BD%93%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿什当森林（页面不存在）">阿什当森林</a>、威尔士的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B8%A9%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="格温内斯">格温内斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="诺福克郡">诺福克郡</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布雷克兰（页面不存在）">布雷克兰</a>。 生长在占英国总面积约四分之一的沼泽地和荒地的，是苏格兰一些山地中的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%B1%E6%A4%8D%E8%A2%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北极高山植被（页面不存在）">北极高山植被</a>，以及高原沼泽地带分别更广泛的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%82%AD%E8%98%9A" title="泥炭蘚">泥炭藓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E9%A0%AD%E8%8A%B1%E5%B1%AC" title="石頭花屬">石南花</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E6%A9%98" title="越橘">越橘</a>和稀疏的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%AB%E5%88%A9%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%8D%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莫利尼亚草（页面不存在）">莫利尼亚草</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%B3%E5%B0%94%E6%9D%9C%E6%96%AF%E8%8D%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纳尔杜斯草（页面不存在）">纳尔杜斯草</a>。类似的植被也存在于北爱尔兰东部和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%A6%AC%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="莫馬山脈">莫马山脉</a>的高地上，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86" title="安特里姆">安特里姆山</a>上也有相当大面积的泥炭藓植被。在浅色沙质土壤的低地地区、沼泽地最常见的植物是石南花，但这些地区也有越橘和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%92%9F%E5%BD%A2%E7%9F%B3%E5%8D%97%E8%8A%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="钟形石南花（页面不存在）">钟形石南花</a>。紧邻海岸线的土地由于基本上没有受到人类和家养动物的影响，因此成片的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%A4%8D%E8%A2%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="海洋植被（页面不存在）">海洋植被</a>通常以接近自然的状态出现。 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:229px;max-width:229px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg/225px-Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg/338px-Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg/450px-Keswick_Panorama_-_Oct_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10814" data-file-height="3822" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">英格兰<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%BA" title="湖区">湖区</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E9%81%93%E5%B3%B0" title="斯基道峰">斯基道峰</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="凯西克">凯西克</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87%E7%89%B9%E6%B9%96" title="德文特湖">德文特湖</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg/225px-Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg/338px-Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg/450px-Quiraing_Isle_of_Skye_Pano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5596" data-file-height="2123" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%87%AF%E5%B2%9B" title="斯凯岛">斯凯岛</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%95%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="内赫布里底群岛">内赫布里底群岛</a>主岛之一，还是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰高地">苏格兰高地</a>的一部分</div></div></div></div></div> 英国野生<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳动物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E6%A0%96%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="两栖动物">两栖动物</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AC%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="爬行动物">爬行动物</a>的生存取决于它们适应不断变化的环境和保护自己免受敌人攻击的能力，在所有的威胁中最危险的是人类。英国哺乳动物的生存范围比两栖动物或爬行动物更广，然而大多数曾经数量丰富的大型哺乳动物（例如<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8E%E8%B1%AC" title="野豬">野猪</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AF%E9%B9%BF" title="驯鹿">驯鹿</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%BC" title="狼">狼</a>）已经灭绝，不过<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%A9%AC%E9%B9%BF" title="欧洲马鹿">欧洲马鹿</a>依然在<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="蘇格蘭高地">苏格兰高地</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%A9%86%E5%B0%94%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃克斯穆尔森林（页面不存在）">埃克斯穆尔森林</a>中生存，<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%8D%E5%B1%AC" title="狍屬">狍</a>在苏格兰和英格兰南部的林区生存。小型食肉动物（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%8B%97%E7%8D%BE" title="欧洲狗獾">獾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%8D%BA" title="水獺">水獭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%90" title="狐">狐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%BC%AC" title="白鼬">白鼬</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%BC%AC" title="黄鼬">黄鼬</a>）在大多数农村地区繁衍生息。<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%AE%E9%BD%BF%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="啮齿动物">啮齿动物</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="大鼠">大鼠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E9%BC%A0" title="松鼠">松鼠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BC%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="小鼠">小鼠</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E8%99%AB%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="食虫动物">食虫动物</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E7%8C%AC" title="刺猬">刺猬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%B9%E9%BC%A0" title="鼹鼠">鼹鼠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%A9%E9%BC%B1%E7%A7%91" title="鼩鼱科">鼩鼱</a>）也广泛分布。英国的兔子栖息地范围很广，数量不断增加。另一种夜行性素食动物是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E9%87%8E%E5%85%94" title="歐洲野兔">欧洲野兔</a>，生活在开阔的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="低地国家">低地国家</a>，而<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%85%94" title="雪兔">雪兔</a>则原产于苏格兰。两栖动物包括三种<a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%BE%E8%9E%88%E7%A7%91" title="蝾螈科">蝾螈</a>和五种青蛙和蟾蜍，而爬行动物包括三种蛇（其中只有<a href="/wiki/%E8%9D%B0%E8%9B%87" class="mw-redirect" title="蝰蛇">蝰蛇</a>有毒）和三种蜥蜴。北爱尔兰没有任何一种蛇栖息<a href="#cite_note-110">[97]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政治">政治</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：政治">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="英国政治">英国政治</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A" title="英国政党">英国政党</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="英國政府">英國政府</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="英国内阁">英国内阁</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:208px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Charles_III_(July_2023).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="King Charles III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg/148px-King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg/222px-King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg/296px-King_Charles_III_%28July_2023%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1025" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">现任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">英国国王</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="查爾斯三世">查爾斯三世</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:158px;max-width:158px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:208px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Keir Starmer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/156px-Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="156" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/234px-Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/312px-Prime_Minister_Sir_Keir_Starmer_Official_Portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1541" data-file-height="2054" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">现任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="英国首相">英国首相</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E7%B4%80%E8%B3%A2" title="施紀賢">施紀賢</a>爵士</div></div></div></div></div> 英国是一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%AB%8B%E5%AE%AA%E5%88%B6" title="君主立宪制">君主立宪</a>国家，实行<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%88%B6" title="西敏制">威斯敏斯特</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="议会民主制">议会民主制</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[98]</a>。尽管由四个部分联合组成，並實施<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%AC%8A%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="英國的權力下放">權力下放</a>，但其是一个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%9B%86%E6%9D%83" title="中央集权">中央集权</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E5%88%B6" title="单一制">单一制</a>国家<a href="#cite_note-112">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[100]</a>。英国没有成文宪法，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的议会主权（页面不存在）">最高主权</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliamentary_sovereignty_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Parliamentary sovereignty in the United Kingdom">Parliamentary sovereignty in the United Kingdom</a>）属于<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="英国议会">议会</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[101]</a>，其由民选的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="英国下议院">下议院</a>，指定的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8A%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="英国上议院">上议院</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="英国王室">英国王室</a>组成<a href="#cite_note-:8-115">[102]</a>。议会的主要事务在两院处理<a href="#cite_note-:8-115">[102]</a>，一项提案要成为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="英國國會法令">国会法令</a>需要得到<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E5%87%86" title="御准">御准</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[103]</a>。除了四个<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">构成国</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%BD%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="泽西岛">泽西岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%81%A9%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="马恩岛">马恩岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="根西岛">根西岛</a>等君主领地名义上不是联合王国的一部分，但也是由联合王国政府来管理其国防和外交事务，包括由英国议会为这些领地立法。英国国内现存的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E9%96%8B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭開斯特公國">兰开斯特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%B0%94%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" title="康沃尔公国">康沃尔</a>两个公国均为王室私有的领地和产业，由独立的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E8%A8%97%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="信託機構">信托机构</a>运作以为英国君主提供收入，且不受<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%B2%A1%E7%94%A2%E5%B1%80" title="英國皇家財產局">英国皇家财产局</a>的管辖<a href="#cite_note-117">[104]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史发展">历史发展</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：历史发展">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magna_Carta_(British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg/220px-Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg/330px-Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg/440px-Magna_Carta_%28British_Library_Cotton_MS_Augustus_II.106%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7200" data-file-height="4800" /></a><figcaption>1215年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%AA%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="大宪章">大宪章</a>四个现存副本之一</figcaption></figure> 英國<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="民主制度">民主制度</a>的形成是一个缓慢渐进的过程。早在7世纪<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%80%8A%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="盎格鲁-撒克逊英格兰">盎格鲁-撒克逊时代</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A4%E4%BA%BA%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="贤人会议">贤人会议</a>便作为咨询机构与国家审判机关存在，诺曼征服英格兰后由定期召开的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%AB%AE%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="大諮議會">大咨议会</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="大會議">大会议</a>取代。这一时期国王需要议会的赞同为颁行的法律与赋税背书，而贵族则试图捍卫自己作为臣民的权利。1215年由于不满<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B)" title="约翰 (英格兰国王)">约翰</a>对封建特权的滥用，贵族强迫其接受限制王权的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%86%B2%E7%AB%A0" title="大憲章">大宪章</a>》，后者成为英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%B3%95" title="基本法">基本法</a>的一部分。1230年以后议会的开会地点基本固定在威斯敏斯特宫，1241年贵族和神职人员首次分开集会，日后逐步分化为上下两院。1264年<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD%E4%BB%A3%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%AD%9F%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94" title="第六代莱斯特伯爵西蒙·德孟福尔">德蒙福特</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%94%B7%E7%88%B5%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第二次男爵战争">第二次男爵战争</a>中击败<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="亨利三世 (英格兰)">亨利三世</a>召开<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="孟福尔议会">孟福尔议会</a>，自治市镇首次有资格派出市民代表，不过直至1295年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E8%8C%83%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="模范议会">模范议会</a>后下议院定期召开才成为惯例。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="中世纪">中世纪</a>英国议会承袭的古典民主制度与近代兴起的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E7%94%A2%E9%9A%8E%E7%B4%9A" title="資產階級">资产阶级</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%AD%B0%E5%88%B6%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="代議制民主">代议制民主</a>截然不同，但其对于民主观念的启蒙和发展有着不可忽视的意义。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien,_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg/220px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg/330px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg/440px-Atlas_Van_der_Hagen-KW1049B11_023-Alle_de_bijsondere_en_particuliere_Ceremonien%2C_geschied_in_en_omtrent_de_Krooning_WILLIAM_de_III._en_MARIA_de_II.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="5500" data-file-height="4752" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="玛丽二世 (英格兰)">玛丽女王</a>与丈夫<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="威廉三世 (英格兰)">威廉三世</a>在接受《<a href="/wiki/1689%E5%B9%B4%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" title="1689年权利法案">1689权利法案</a>》后共同由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="伦敦主教">伦敦主教</a>加冕为王</figcaption></figure> 《<a href="/wiki/1689%E5%B9%B4%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" title="1689年权利法案">1689权利法案</a>》之后王权受到很大削弱，但<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0)" title="威廉三世 (英格兰)">威廉三世</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A6%AE_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B)" title="安妮 (英国女王)">安妮女王</a>依然有效地控制着国家政策走向，他们主持内阁会议并跟进法案的发布，是在宪政框架内领导国家的立宪君主，值得一提的是为了保证行政效率，威廉在1697年组建了一个仅有<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%9D%E6%A0%BC%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="輝格黨 (英國)">辉格党</a>人的政府，这被认为是历史上首个现代内阁，因为其体现了该党在议会的多数影响力。尽管安妮之后英国国王不再拒绝御准，继位的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%BA%E5%A8%81%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="汉诺威王朝">汉诺威王朝</a>君主基本上保持了对行政事务的干涉，事实上直到18世纪末首相才得以控制内阁人员的组成。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="罗伯特·沃波尔">罗伯特·沃波尔</a>爵士由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="乔治一世 (英国)">乔治一世</a>任命，兼领<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E8%B2%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%A3" title="第一財政大臣">首席财政大臣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%A1%E6%94%BF%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%A3_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="財政大臣 (英國)">财政大臣</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E9%99%A2%E9%A2%86%E8%A2%96" class="mw-redirect" title="下院领袖">下院领袖</a>长达二十年时间，常被认为是英国第一任首相，但直到1905年这个头衔才得到官方认可。1782年<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%8B%B3%E7%88%B5%E8%85%93%E7%89%B9%E7%83%88%C2%B7%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF" title="諾斯勳爵腓特烈·諾斯">腓特烈·诺斯爵士</a>因<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="美国独立战争">美国独立战争</a>的失利被议会通过不信任投票被迫辞职，使<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="乔治三世">乔治三世</a>试图重建专制王权的努力失败，同时加强了内阁与议会政治间的联系。19世纪前中期王权的持续失能导致托利党独立执政长达45年时间，此时英国议会制已基本成熟，自<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="维多利亚女王">维多利亚女王</a>起英国君主仅行使礼节性权力。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2" title="英國上議院">英國上議院</a>議員由貴族與<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="主教">主教</a>擔任，並非選舉產生，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="英国下议院">英国下议院</a>議員最初由各地<a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" title="貴族">貴族</a>、大<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%BB" title="土地主">地主</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AB%E7%B4%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="士紳">士紳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E8%B1%AA" class="mw-disambig" title="富豪">富豪</a>操縱指派<a href="#cite_note-118">[105]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%B0%91" title="平民">平民</a>並無選舉權，同时<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BF%E9%80%89" class="mw-redirect" title="贿选">贿选</a>情况严重<a href="#cite_note-119">[106]</a>。选区长期不变也使得议会席位严重僵化，1688年后再无新的市镇获得代表权，导致了已經<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E6%95%97%E9%81%B8%E5%8D%80" title="腐敗選區">荒涼的市鎮</a>仍能派出議員，新興城市如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="曼徹斯特">曼徹斯特</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="伯明罕">伯明罕</a>卻没有代表的怪现象。<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%9F%E8%92%99%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="啟蒙時代">启蒙运动</a>后，英国民众开始追求更加完善的民主制度。1832年執政的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%9D%E6%A0%BC%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="輝格黨 (英國)">辉格党</a>给予成年男性家境小康者選舉權，推动中产阶级参政。1836年开始的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%AA%E7%AB%A0%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="宪章运动">宪章运动</a>促进了选区改划与<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%89%E6%9D%83" class="mw-redirect" title="普选权">普选权</a>落实。1867年執政的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="保守黨 (英國)">保守黨</a>政府進一步降低選民的財產限制，使工人获得了選舉權，1884年<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="自由党 (英国)">自由黨</a>政府才完全取消選民的財產限制，使包括农民在内的所有成年男性拥有選舉權。英國的女性於<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次世界大戰">第一次世界大戰</a>後獲得選舉權。上议院自19世纪后期权力就不断被削弱，执政的自由党政府由于當時保守黨控制的上院多次窒阻下院已经通过的法案，通過《<a href="/wiki/1911%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1911年國會法令">1911國會法令</a>》剥夺上院否决<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%A8%E6%AC%BE%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="拨款法案">拨款</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公共法案（页面不存在）">公共法案</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/public_bills" class="extiw" title="en:public bills">public bills</a>）的权力，使其仅能搁置法案生效最多两年时间（延宕否决）。1949年，工黨政府通過《<a href="/w/index.php?title=1949%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949國會法令（页面不存在）">1949國會法令</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_Act_1949" class="extiw" title="en:Parliament Act 1949">Parliament Act 1949</a>）》，上院延宕权限由两年减为一年。1997年上台的工黨政府再改革上議院，《<a href="/wiki/1999%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1999年上議院法令">1999上议院法令</a>》颁布后，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E8%A2%AD%E8%B4%B5%E6%97%8F" title="世袭贵族">世袭贵族</a>失去了进入上院的资格，议员改由全體<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%82%E8%BA%AB%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" title="終身貴族">終身貴族</a>出任，后者現時大部分成员過去曾出任过内阁及议院公职。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="现行制度">现行制度</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：现行制度">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg/400px-Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg/600px-Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg/800px-Houses_of_Parliament_at_dusk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="575" /></a><figcaption>英国议会所在地<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E6%95%8F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%AB" title="威斯敏斯特宫">威斯敏斯特宫</a></figcaption></figure> 英国的议会政体被称为<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%88%B6" title="西敏制">威斯敏斯特体制</a>，该法令系统被世界上很多国家采用。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国国会</a>的办公地点在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%AE%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="西敏宮">西敏宮</a>，分为<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%81%8D%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="普遍選舉">普選</a>产生的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="下議院 (英國)">下議院</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%B2%B4%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="英國貴族">貴族</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="主教">主教</a>組成的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2" title="上議院">上議院</a>。所有通过的法案草案需要由英国君主御准后成为法律，但是按照英国习惯宪法，君主不能否定议会通过的法律草案。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国国会</a>拥有最高的立法权，而<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="蘇格蘭議會">蘇格蘭議會</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="威爾斯議會">威爾斯議會</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="北愛爾蘭議會">北愛爾蘭議會</a>不能通过涉及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE%E3%80%81%E4%BF%9D%E7%95%99%E5%92%8C%E4%BE%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%8B%E9%A1%B9" title="权力下放、保留和例外事项">保留事項</a>的法案。 <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="查尔斯三世">查尔斯三世</a>是英国和其他十四个独立国家的君主和国家元首，这十五个国家现今被统称为“<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="英联邦王国">英联邦王国</a>”。君主作为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="英国王室">英国王室</a>的代表，理论上拥有一切行政权，是“英国法律和政府运作的基础”<a href="#cite_note-120">[107]</a>。英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E7%89%B9%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="君主特權">君主特权</a>相对其他君主立宪的国家较大，但这些权力一般仅在对议会和选民负责的内阁大臣的建议下行使。尽管如此，在阁员履行公职的过程中，君主有“被咨询、鼓励及警告之权利”<a href="#cite_note-121">[108]</a>，此外国王还有一些极少使用的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%95%99%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B" title="保留权力">保留权力</a>，用以维护<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A3%E4%BB%BB%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="责任政府">责任政府</a>并防止<a href="/wiki/%E6%86%B2%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="憲政危機">宪政危机</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[註 14]</a>。 英国议会下院采用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E9%80%89%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="单一选区制">单一选区制</a>，由英国现有的650个选区选举产生，其中543个选区在英格兰，18个在北爱尔兰，57个在苏格兰，32个在威尔士。任何一个选区选举以简单多数方式产生一个议会议员，君主在首相的建议下可以提前举行大选，英国1911年议会法案规定大选最晚每5年举行一次。除了2015年因為<a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E5%AE%9A%E6%9C%9F%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="2011年定期國會法令">2011年定期國會法令</a>而無提前大選以外，大部分首相均曾行使提前大選的權力。 英国的政府首長是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國首相">首相</a>，首相是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E5%93%A1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="國會議員 (英國)">國會議員</a>，必须能夠取得下议院中多数议员的信任方可就任，所以首相往往是国会获得最多席位的政党的领袖，首相和内阁形式上由君主指派，但是根据宪法习惯，君主不能否决当选首相和首相所指派的内阁成员。内阁成员来自议会两院，大部分来自下议院，首相和内阁拥有实际的最高的行政权力，所有的内阁成员均是君主的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%A8%9E%E5%AF%86%E9%99%A2" title="英國樞密院">枢密院</a>的顧問官。现任首相是来自工黨的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E7%B4%80%E8%B3%A2" title="施紀賢">施紀賢</a>。 英国最大的兩個主要政党为<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="工党 (英国)">工党</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" class="mw-redirect" title="保守党 (英国)">保守党</a>，兩大黨共佔據下議院650个席位中的532席（<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2024年英國大選">2024年大選</a>結果），其餘席位由<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="自由民主党 (英国)">自由民主党</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇格蘭民族黨">蘇格蘭民族黨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%8A%AC%E9%BB%A8" title="新芬黨">新芬黨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%85%9A_(%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0)" title="民主统一党 (北爱尔兰)">民主統一黨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%85%9A" title="英国改革党">英國改革党</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%92%8C%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E7%BB%BF%E5%85%9A" title="英格兰和威尔士绿党">綠黨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E9%BB%A8" title="威爾斯黨">威爾斯黨</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A_(%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0)" title="社会民主工党 (北爱尔兰)">社会民主工党</a>等瓜分，其中新芬党因拒絕向英王宣誓而無法参與英國國會會議。作为歐盟前成員，英國在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%84%AB%E6%AD%90" title="英國脫歐">退出歐盟</a>前有73席<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="欧洲议会">欧洲议会</a>议员，由英国的12个欧洲议会选区內按比例代表選舉出。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="政党">政党</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：政党">编辑</a>]</div> 自1920年代以来，英国的两个主要政党，按在下议院的议席数目计算，分别是保守党和工党。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="工党 (英国)">工党</a>诞生于1900年<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%9C%83%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="工會聯盟">工会联盟</a>组织的全国性会议，定位为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E8%BE%B9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="费边主义">费边主义</a>左翼工人党，早期组织有<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A" title="独立工党">独立工党</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="社会民主同盟 (英国)（页面不存在）">社会民主同盟</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Democratic_Federation" class="extiw" title="en:Social Democratic Federation">Social Democratic Federation</a>）、知识分子中产阶级<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E8%BE%B9%E7%A4%BE" title="费边社">费边社</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%9A" title="苏格兰工党">苏格兰工党</a>。1924年，工党组建其第一个<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B8%E6%B4%BE%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="少數派政府">少数派政府</a>，意识形态逐渐温和化。从那时起，工党和保守党长期占据主导地位。 <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg/220px-Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg/330px-Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg/440px-Conservative_Party_conference_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>2011年<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="保守黨 (英國)">英国保守党</a>全国代表大会</figcaption></figure> 现代<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="保守黨 (英國)">保守黨</a>成立于1834年，全名保守与统一党，占据<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8F%B3%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="中右翼">中右翼</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%AE%88%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="保守主义">保守主义</a>生态位，前身是始于1678年保卫英王<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="詹姆斯二世 (英格蘭)">詹姆斯二世</a>王位的<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%88%A9%E5%85%9A" title="托利党">托利党</a>，1911年与<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E9%BB%A8" title="自由統一黨">自由统一党</a>合并后改现名。直至今日其在民间有时仍被称为托利党，其成员和支持者被称为托利党人。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="自由民主党 (英国)">自由民主党</a>成立于1988年，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%85%9A_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="自由党 (英国)">自由党</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="社會民主黨 (英國)">社会民主党</a>合并而成，社会民主党是在1981年的右翼工党脱离运动后产生的。之后，自由党和社民党组成“社民-自由联盟”一起参加选举。前身的自由党成立于1859年，起源可追溯至17世纪中叶兴起的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E9%A1%B1%E9%BB%A8" title="圓顱黨">圆颅党</a>，直接前身是<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%9D%E6%A0%BC%E9%BB%A8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="輝格黨 (英國)">辉格党</a>。从成立到1920年代，自由党一直是两个占主导地位的政党之一（另一个是保守党）。然而，由于英国工人阶级崛起，自由党原本的左翼生态位被抢占，其支持率迅速下降<a href="#cite_note-124">[110]</a>，并被工党取代。此後自由党支持<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会自由主义">社会自由主义</a>，一直是第三大党。<a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2015年英國大選">2015年大選</a>，自由民主党失去了57个席位中的49个，仅保有8席，退居第四大党。<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2024年英國大選">2024年大選</a>後重返第三大党，獲得72席。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E5%85%9A" title="苏格兰民族党">苏格兰民族党</a>成立于1934年，主张苏格兰独立，自1967年起在议会中持续拥有代表权。苏格兰民族党目前在苏格兰议会领导少数派政府，自2007年以來是蘇格蘭的執政黨。党员人数全国排名第二<a href="#cite_note-125">[111]</a>，但国会议员人数较少，因为支持它的选区全部在苏格兰<a href="#cite_note-126">[112]</a>。<a href="/wiki/2015%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2015年英國大選">2015年大選</a>，他们获得了56席，首次成为英国第三大党。但其後因路線分歧和領導層變動，導致2<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%81%B8" title="2024年英國大選">2024年大選</a>失去大量議席。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="公務員体系">公務員体系</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：公務員体系">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AE%98%E9%98%9F%E4%BC%8D" title="英国文官队伍">英国文官队伍</a></div> 18世纪，随着大英帝国的扩张与近代化，各办公机构的规模也在迅速膨胀，原本英国依靠国王指定和贵族推荐的早期文官系统已经不能胜任新的变化，而新增的公务员没有统一选拔标准，各委员会的文官体系彼此互不隶属，导致冗余严重且效率低下。 1806年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="英国东印度公司">东印度公司</a>派<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="查尔斯·格兰特（页面不存在）">查尔斯·格兰特</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Grant_(British_East_India_Company)" class="extiw" title="en:Charles Grant (British East India Company)">Charles Grant (British East India Company)</a>）在伦敦附近建立<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E6%9B%B8%E9%99%A2" title="東印度公司書院">东印度公司书院</a>以培训管理人员，该学院参考中国的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E4%B8%BE" title="科举">科举制</a>，以文科考试成绩作为录用标准，这是英国之后文官体系的雏形。 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="克里米亚战争">克里米亚战争</a>期间，由于保守和自由两党激烈内斗，前线英军收到的补给严重不足，后勤管理一片混乱。为了保证国家的稳定运行，<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E4%BB%A3%E4%BC%8A%E5%85%B9%E5%88%A9%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E8%AF%BA%E6%80%9D%E7%A7%91%E7%89%B9" title="第一代伊兹利伯爵斯塔福德·诺思科特">第一代伊兹利伯爵斯塔福德·诺思科特</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E7%BB%B4%E5%BB%89" title="查尔斯·特里维廉">查尔斯·特里维廉</a>于1854年起草了《<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E5%BB%BA%E7%AB%8B%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E6%96%87%E5%AE%98%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A" title="关于建立常任文官制度的报告">关于建立常任文官制度的报告</a>》<a href="#cite_note-127">[113]</a>，建议设置一个永久、统一、政治中立的文官体系，将负责日常工作的和从事政策制定及执行的官员做明确之区分。1855年，议会通过法案成立了<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E5%8A%A1%E5%91%98%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公务员委员会（页面不存在）">公务员委员会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Service_Commission_(United_Kingdom)" class="extiw" title="en:Civil Service Commission (United Kingdom)">Civil Service Commission (United Kingdom)</a>），负责监管文官的公开招募。首相<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%E9%A0%93" title="威廉·格萊斯頓">威廉·格莱斯顿</a>于1870年颁布<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%9E%E5%AF%86%E4%BB%A4" title="樞密令">枢密令</a>，将诺斯科特-特里维廉提案完全付诸实施<a href="#cite_note-128">[114]</a>。 英国文官体系在建立的一百年来基本保持稳定。其在消除腐败、提供公共服务（即使在战争压力下）以及有效防止政治动荡方面取得了相当的成功。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%86%88%E7%91%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="约翰·冈瑟（页面不存在）">约翰·冈瑟</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gunther" class="extiw" title="en:John Gunther">John Gunther</a>）将其称之为“帝国坚不可摧的脊梁”<a href="#cite_note-129">[115]</a>。二战后随着科学技术专业知识的剧烈膨胀，之前专注于文科典籍的公务员考试不能适应现代政府的需要，工党政府在60年代进行了一系列优化公务员专业能力的改革。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E6%A0%BC%E4%B8%BD%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%92%92%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94" title="玛格丽特·撒切尔">玛格丽特·撒切尔</a>上台后相信<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%B8%82%E5%A0%B4" title="自由市場">自由市场</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="小政府主義">小政府主义</a>，其对于公务员团队进行了人员裁撤和资金削减，并着手私有化某些公共服务部门，到1993年为止，49%的文官脱离政府各部，划入89个新组织的“机构”（agency）<a href="#cite_note-130">[116]</a>，以求增强效率和管理。此后的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E6%9D%B0%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" class="mw-redirect" title="约翰·梅杰内阁">约翰·梅杰内阁</a>更提出“公民约定”（Citizen's Charter）计划，要求政府机构对公众承诺服务质量标准，如未达到标准则对受服务人进行赔偿。 现今的英国内阁设有<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8B%99%E5%93%A1%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7" title="公務員事務部長">公務員事務部長</a>职位，由首相亲自兼任，最高级别的公务员是<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E9%98%81%E7%A7%98%E4%B9%A6_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD)" title="内阁秘书 (英国)">内阁秘书</a>，其原本还兼任“文官长”和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E9%96%A3%E8%BE%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%BB%B3" title="英國內閣辦公廳">内阁办公厅</a>常务次官。2012-2014年，此三个职位分为三人分别担任，但2014年以来文官长又由内阁秘书兼任，不过增加了首席公务员事务专员（Chief Executive of the Civil Service）加以制衡。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="法律">法律</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：法律">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="英国宪法">英国宪法</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國法律制度（页面不存在）">英國法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Law of the United Kingdom">Law of the United Kingdom</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="英格蘭法律制度">英格蘭法律</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="蘇格蘭法律制度">蘇格蘭法律</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北愛爾蘭法律制度（页面不存在）">北愛爾蘭法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Ireland_law" class="extiw" title="en:Northern Ireland law">Northern Ireland law</a>）</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Middlesex_Guildhall,_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg/220px-Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg/330px-Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg/440px-Middlesex_Guildhall%2C_Parliament_Square_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1229272.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%BA%A6%E7%9F%B3%E5%A3%AB%E5%B8%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BB%B3" title="美度石士市政廳">米德尔塞克斯市政厅</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="英国最高法院">英国最高法院</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%9E%E5%AF%86%E9%99%A2%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="樞密院司法委員會">枢密院司法委员会</a>所在地，位于伦敦<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%B9%BF%E5%9C%BA" title="国会广场">国会广场</a>西南角</figcaption></figure> 英国是全世界四个没有成文宪法的国家之一<a href="#cite_note-Sarah_Carter-131">[117]</a>，所谓的英国宪法，是对一整套包含基本规范和政治体制的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95" title="成文法">成文法</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A0%E6%83%AF%E6%B3%95" title="习惯法">习惯法</a>和惯例的统称，其包括议会通过的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="法令">法令</a>、过往法官的<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A4%E4%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="判例">判例</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="国际公约">国际公约</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95%E6%85%A3%E4%BE%8B" title="憲法慣例">宪法惯例</a>等<a href="#cite_note-132">[118]</a>。和英国的普通法遵循判例一样，英国宪法实际上是对英国实际的社会政治秩序的概括，是英国几百年政治流变的产物，并非一时制定的法律文件，所以<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="英国宪法">英国宪法</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E6%B3%95%E7%B3%BB" title="大陆法系">大陆法系</a>不同。不过现在英国面临<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="英国宪法">宪法</a>改革的问题，同时普通法也开始编撰更多的成文法典。 虽然英国宪法并非具体的法律文本，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="英国最高法院">最高法院</a>仍承认存在一些基本原则，包括议会主权、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%B2%BB" title="法治">法治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="民主">民主</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%B3%95" title="国际法">国际法</a>等<a href="#cite_note-133">[119]</a>。英国宪法的根基是“议会至上”原则。所谓“议会至上”，是指<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="法令">法令</a>一旦獲议会通过，便具有不可动摇的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81" title="权威">权威</a>。宪法并没有像其他国家如<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>有至高无上地位；相反，理论上<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="英国议会">英国议会</a>可以以通过一项普通<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="法令">法令</a>的方式对英国宪法的内容加以改变。 英国法官在量刑时多会遵循判例，这也是英国普通法乃至<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B3%95%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="海洋法系">海洋法系</a>最重要的特点<a href="#cite_note-134">[120]</a>，相比之下，大陆法系更加依赖成文法典和法律、法规，没有后者的规定法院就无权进行裁决<a href="#cite_note-135">[121]</a> 。19世纪中叶之前，相当数量的美国法庭判案都参考了英国惯例<a href="#cite_note-136">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[123]</a>，其对先例的依赖可见一斑。英国普通法受<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%B3%95" title="罗马法">罗马法</a>影响较小，这主要是因为英国的普通法体系发展较为成熟，很早就形成了全国性的普通法体系。而那时，法兰西王国下属的各个公国及伯爵领依然有其独特的习惯法，德国和意大利更是分裂为诸多独立的王国和其他政治体。15世纪随着部分国家中央集权的加强，统治者和法学家开始寻求罗马法和当地习惯法的结合，完成了多部优秀的作品<a href="#cite_note-138">[124]</a>。18世纪<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%AF%E8%92%99%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="启蒙运动">启蒙运动</a>推崇古罗马的法治精神，因而<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="法国大革命">大革命</a>期间的法国深受<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%B3%95" title="罗马法">罗马法</a>和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%B3%95%E5%A4%A7%E5%85%A8" title="民法大全">民法大全</a>》影响，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" title="国民公会">国民公会</a>颁布大量法令完善本国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E6%96%87%E6%B3%95" title="成文法">成文法</a>架构，逐步形成一套成熟的民法系统。随后爆发的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E4%BB%91%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="拿破仑战争">拿破仑战争</a>进一步发展法治精神<a href="#cite_note-139">[125]</a>，德意等国在制定<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B8" title="民法典">民法典</a>的过程中多参考《<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E4%BB%91%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="拿破仑法典">拿破仑法典</a>》，就此形成迥异于英国的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E6%B3%95%E7%B3%BB" title="大陆法系">大陆法系</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="行政区划">行政区划</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：行政区划">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="英国行政区划">英国行政区划</a></div> 联合王国的领土包括本土以及海外领土。除此之外，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英王">英王</a>还是三个<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">王室属地</a>的领主，这些王室属地一般不视为联合王国的领土，英国政府只负责其外交以及国防事务。 <figure class="mw-halign-center noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg/800px-United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="800" height="493" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg/1200px-United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg/1600px-United_Kingdom_%28overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies%29%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_%28multiple_zoom%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3188" data-file-height="1964" usemap="#ImageMap_bd182a6a8dc70ca1" resource="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_(overseas%2Bcrown_dependencies),_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_(multiple_zoom).svg" /><map name="ImageMap_bd182a6a8dc70ca1"><area href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" shape="rect" coords="453,92,521,140" alt="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞" /><area href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" shape="rect" coords="443,148,446,151" alt="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" shape="rect" coords="365,145,369,149" alt="直布罗陀" title="直布罗陀" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" shape="rect" coords="372,152,393,193" alt="直布罗陀" title="直布罗陀" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="372,108,376,113" alt="海峡群岛" title="海峡群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" shape="rect" coords="313,141,355,153" alt="澤西" title="澤西" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" shape="rect" coords="313,111,344,139" alt="根西行政區" title="根西行政區" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" shape="rect" coords="250,113,288,149" alt="百慕大" title="百慕大" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" shape="rect" coords="240,152,245,156" alt="百慕大" title="百慕大" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="195,182,243,200" alt="英屬西印度群島" title="英屬西印度群島" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" shape="rect" coords="530,260,591,316" alt="英屬印度洋領地" title="英屬印度洋領地" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="266,383,276,394" alt="福克兰群岛" title="福克兰群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="185,391,242,447" alt="福克兰群岛" title="福克兰群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="362,367,436,416" alt="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="306,389,339,411" alt="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="94,312,114,325" alt="皮特凯恩群岛" title="皮特凯恩群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="117,322,179,383" alt="皮特凯恩群岛" title="皮特凯恩群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" shape="rect" coords="277,240,333,373" alt="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" shape="rect" coords="337,262,366,360" alt="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="311,46,318,54" alt="曼島" title="曼島" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="7,223,35,230" alt="開曼群島" title="開曼群島" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="3,247,81,275" alt="開曼群島" title="開曼群島" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" shape="rect" coords="133,246,153,275" alt="蒙特塞拉特" title="蒙特塞拉特" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" shape="rect" coords="168,249,172,253" alt="蒙特塞拉特" title="蒙特塞拉特" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" shape="rect" coords="159,236,165,240" alt="安圭拉" title="安圭拉" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" shape="rect" coords="140,195,184,220" alt="安圭拉" title="安圭拉" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="102,195,137,220" alt="英屬維爾京群島" title="英屬維爾京群島" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="147,234,153,239" alt="英屬維爾京群島" title="英屬維爾京群島" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="83,203,92,208" alt="特克斯和凯科斯群岛" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" shape="rect" coords="39,195,75,220" alt="特克斯和凯科斯群岛" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛" /><area href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" shape="poly" coords="286,410,296,411,300,421,303,431,335,440,357,444,372,489,316,489,302,475,273,447,275,419" alt="英属南极领地" title="英属南极领地" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" shape="rect" coords="370,95,372,97" alt="曼島" title="曼島" /></map><figcaption>英国属地位置（王室属地以字母、海外领土以数字标示）：A <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">马恩岛</a>；B <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="根西行政區">根西</a>；C <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">泽西</a>；1 本土；2 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>；3 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞">阿克罗蒂里和泽凯利亚</a>；4 <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a>；5 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a>；6 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="英屬維爾京群島">维尔京群岛</a>；7 <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" title="安圭拉">安圭拉</a>；8 <a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="開曼群島">开曼群岛</a>；9 <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a>；10 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>；11 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a>；12 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="英屬印度洋領地">英屬印度洋領地</a>；13 <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克兰群岛</a>；14 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛</a>；(15) <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a></figcaption></figure> <div role="img" class="floatright nounderlines noresize" style="width: 300px; line-height: 1; text-align: center; background-color: var(--background-color-base,#ffffff); color:inherit; position: relative;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Great_Britain_template.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="410" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="396" /> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:207px; top:292px"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:129px; top:172px"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:144px; top:328px"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; font-size:85%; left:78px; top:229px"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a></div> </div> 联合王国本土由四个“<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">国家</a>”（又称为“构成国”）组成，分别是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>。四个构成国中的苏格兰、威尔士及北爱尔兰在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%AC%8A%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="英國的權力下放">权力下放</a>的影响下拥有地方议会及政府，而英格兰沒有单独的议会和政府，其法令由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="英国议会">联合王国议会</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">联合王国政府</a>制定。而在法律体系上，苏格兰和北爱尔兰分别有其单独的法律制度即苏格兰法及北爱尔兰法，而英格兰和威尔士则适用英格兰法。 <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr style="font-size:100%; text-align:right;"> <th>构成国</th> <th>首府</th> <th>面积 (km²)</th> <th>人口 </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/22px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/33px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/44px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>（England） </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a> </td> <td>130,420 </td> <td>53,012,456 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">苏格兰</a>（Scotland） </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a> </td> <td>77,933 </td> <td>5,313,600 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/22px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/33px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/44px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a>（Cymru / Wales） </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡地夫">卡地夫</a> </td> <td>20,779 </td> <td>3,063,456 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>（Northern Ireland） </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="贝尔法斯特">贝尔法斯特</a> </td> <td>14,130 </td> <td>1,810,863 </td></tr></tbody></table> 每一个<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">构成国</a>在合并为大不列颠王国或联合王国之前就形成了各自的地方管理制度和行政区划体系，并且在合并之后保留了各自的体系。历史上，英格兰（以及威尔士）和苏格兰在中世纪早期就被划分为郡（英語：County），而郡制直到近代社会早期才推行到爱尔兰岛。虽然英国的历史行政区划多以郡为基础，但是各构成国的管理制度却有差别。直到19世纪，伴随着民选的理事会（英語：Council）的建立，郡地方行政系统才有一些细微的变化。但是，这个变化并未统一各构成国的管理系统，且此后的数次地方政府改革也是在一个或者几个构成国分别进行，不存在全国性的改革。因此，联合王国没有统一的行政区划体系<a href="#cite_note-UN-140">[126]</a>且即使在未来，管理系统统一的可能性也较小。 但在某些场合，联合王国也被分为12个“大区”（英語：Region），在这种情况下，威尔士、苏格兰及北爱尔兰各自作为一个大区，而英格兰则被分为9个大区。在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%84%AB%E6%AD%90" title="英國脫歐">英国脱欧</a>之前，大区也作为英国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="欧洲议会">欧洲议会</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E5%8D%80" title="英國歐洲議會選區">选区</a>划分依据。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="英格兰行政区划">英格兰行政区划</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：英格兰行政区划">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="英格兰行政区划">英格兰行政区划</a></div> 历史上，英格兰的行政区划以郡为基础。英格兰郡制的历史十分悠久，部分郡的历史可以追溯到<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%80%8A%E6%97%B6%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="盎格鲁-撒克逊时期">盎格鲁-撒克逊时期</a>。在中世纪，郡以下的行政区划并不统一，一些郡有其特别的次级行政区划，而大部分情况下，最底层的层级为教区。在郡制之外，一些规模较大或地位重要的聚落会被敕封为城市或市镇，并有一部分自治权或特权。 1888年，英格兰地方政府改革引入了行政郡（英語：Administrative County）以及区这一次级行政区划，并根据权限大小设立了不同类型的区。改革同时确立了郡自治市镇实际独立于行政郡的地位。1972年的地方政府改革则引入了都市及非都市郡以及都市及非都市区的设置，在几乎全英格兰确立了两级行政区划体制。1992年改革则重新引入了单层级行政区体制，在部分地区建立了单一管理区。 当前英格兰的地区政府的制度是多元的，随地方而变，一般情况下分为四级，在某些地区，第二级和第三级合并，因此为三级。 在英格兰，最高的行政区划层级为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰的大区">大区</a>，一共有9个。<a href="#cite_note-141">[127]</a>大区设立于1994年，是為了響應<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93" title="欧洲共同体">欧洲共同体</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐盟">歐盟</a>前身）建立<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F_(%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="區域 (歐洲)（页面不存在）">歐洲區域</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Region_(Europe)" class="extiw" title="en:Region (Europe)">Region (Europe)</a>）的計劃。1999年-2020年，大区为英国的欧洲议会选区。 1998年，除<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大伦敦">大伦敦</a>外的其他8个大区成立了间接选举的大区议会（英語：Regional Assembly），而大伦敦则相应<a href="/wiki/1998%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%A7%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95" title="1998年大倫敦政府公投">1998年大伦敦政府公投</a>并根据《1999年大伦敦政府法案》与2000年成立了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="大倫敦政府">大伦敦政府</a>，包括直接选举的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="倫敦議會">议会</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%82%E9%95%B7" title="倫敦市長">市长</a>。<a href="#cite_note-142">[128]</a>在21世纪初，英国政府试图在英格兰的其他大区像大伦敦一样建立直接选举的权力下放政府，为此曾计划在东北英格兰、约克郡-亨伯以及西北英格兰进行三个关于建立民选大区政府的全民公投。当率先在东北英格兰举行的<a href="/w/index.php?title=2004%E5%B9%B4%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE%E5%85%AC%E6%8A%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004年东北英格兰权力下放公投（页面不存在）">公投</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_North_East_England_devolution_referendum" class="extiw" title="en:2004 North East England devolution referendum">2004 North East England devolution referendum</a>）未获通过后，英国政府无限期推迟了在西北英格兰以及约克郡-亨伯的公投。 2010年前后，8个大区议会以及英国政府设立的大区内战略合作机构被相继废除，取而代之的是各大区内地方政府领导人组成的地方当局领导人委员会（英語：Local Authority Leaders' Board），但东北英格兰以及约克郡-亨伯的地方当局领导人委员会分别于2015年和2016年关闭。 截至2023年，大区一般只作为统计口径使用，除大伦敦以外的其他大区都没有各自的大区议会和政府。 第二层和第三层行政区划（也称为“上层”及“下层”）一般为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%9A%84%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E9%83%A1%E5%92%8C%E9%9D%9E%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭的都會郡和非都會郡">郡</a>（英語：County）和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="區 (英格蘭)">区</a>（英語：District）。郡分为都市郡（英語：Metropolitan County）和非都市郡（英語：Non-metropolitan County）；都市郡下辖都市区（英語：Metropolitan District，又称为都市自治市镇，英語：Metropolitan Borough），非都市郡则下辖非都市区（英語：Non-metropolitan District），而大伦敦则下辖32个<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82%E9%8E%AE" title="倫敦自治市鎮">伦敦自治市镇</a>（英語：London Borough）以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="伦敦金融城">伦敦市</a>（英語：City of London）。 在一些地区则存在合并了第二级和第三级行政区划的<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8D%80" title="單一管理區">單一管理區</a>（英語：Unitary authority）。部分单一管理区改制自一个原非都市区或合并自几个非都市区，部分则改制自原非都市郡。 <table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#ff9999">英格蘭的都市與非都市郡（包括单一管理区） </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><a href="/wiki/File:English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg/400px-English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="486" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg/600px-English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg/800px-English_metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_numbered_map_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="1345" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <ol> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%A3%AE%E4%BC%AF%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="諾森伯蘭">諾森伯蘭</a> * Northumberland </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%81%A9-%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="泰恩-威爾">泰恩-威爾</a> † Tyne and Wear </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E5%8B%92%E5%A7%86%E9%83%A1" title="達勒姆郡">達勒姆郡</a> * County Durham </li><li> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%91%A9%E5%85%B0-%E5%BC%97%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF" title="威斯特摩兰-弗内斯">威斯特摩兰-弗内斯</a> * Westmorland and Furness </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%B0_(%E5%8D%95%E4%B8%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8C%BA)" title="坎伯兰 (单一管理区)">坎伯兰</a> * Cumberland </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E9%96%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="蘭開郡">蘭開郡</a> Lancashire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B%E6%B5%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="布莱克浦">布萊克浦</a> * Blackpool </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%AC-%E9%81%94%E6%96%87" title="布莱克本-達文">布莱克本-達文</a> * Blackburn with Darwen </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="西約克郡">西約克郡</a> † West Yorkshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="北約克郡">北約克郡</a> * North Yorkshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E9%9D%88%E9%A0%93" class="mw-redirect" title="達靈頓">達靈頓</a> * Darlington </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E9%A1%BF%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="蒂斯河畔斯托克顿区">蒂斯河畔斯托克顿</a> * Stockton-on-Tees </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%A1" title="米德爾斯堡">米德尔斯堡</a> * Middlesbrough </li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94%E6%B5%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82%E9%95%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈特尔浦自治市镇（页面不存在）">哈特尔浦</a> * Hartlepool </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%A1-%E5%85%8B%E5%88%A9%E5%A4%AB%E5%85%B0" title="雷德卡-克利夫兰">雷德卡-克利夫兰</a> * Redcar and Cleveland </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B" title="約克">約克</a> * York </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1%E6%9D%B1%E7%91%9E%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="約克郡東瑞丁">約克郡東瑞丁</a> * East Riding of Yorkshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="赫尔河畔金斯敦">赫尔</a> * Kingston upon Hull </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF%E9%83%A1" title="北林肯郡">北林肯郡</a> * North Lincolnshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="東北林肯郡">東北林肯郡</a> * North East Lincolnshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF%E9%83%A1" title="林肯郡">林肯郡</a> Lincolnshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E4%B8%81%E6%BC%A2%E9%83%A1" title="諾丁漢郡">諾丁汉郡</a> Nottinghamshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E4%B8%81%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="諾丁漢">諾丁汉</a> * Nottingham </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="南約克郡">南約克郡</a> † South Yorkshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%AF%94%E9%83%A1" title="德比郡">德比郡</a> Derbyshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%AF%94" title="德比">德比</a> * Derby </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="大曼彻斯特">大曼彻斯特</a> † Greater Manchester </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E8%A5%BF%E8%B3%BD%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="默西賽德">默西賽德</a> † Merseyside </li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82%E9%95%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霍尔顿自治市镇（页面不存在）">霍尔顿</a> * Halton </li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%83%E7%81%B5%E9%A1%BF%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82%E9%95%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沃灵顿自治市镇（页面不存在）">沃灵顿</a> * Warrington </li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%B4%E9%83%A1%E8%A5%BF-%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柴郡西-切斯特（页面不存在）">柴郡西-切斯特</a> * Cheshire West and Chester </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E9%83%A1%E4%B8%9C" title="柴郡东">柴郡东</a> * Cheshire East </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E7%BE%85%E6%99%AE%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="什羅普郡">什羅普郡</a> Shropshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7-%E9%9B%B7%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="特爾福德-雷金">特爾福德-雷金</a> * Telford and Wrekin </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" title="斯塔福德郡">斯塔福德郡</a> Staffordshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%80%AB%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="特倫特河畔斯托克">特倫特河畔斯托克</a> * Stoke-on-Trent </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AF%86%E5%BE%B7%E8%98%AD%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="西密德蘭郡">西密德蘭郡</a> † West Midlands </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="沃里克郡">沃里克郡</a> Warwickshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="萊斯特郡">萊斯特郡</a> Leicestershire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="萊斯特">萊斯特</a> * Leicester </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E9%83%A1" title="拉特蘭郡">拉特蘭郡</a> * Rutland </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%89%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF%E9%83%A1" title="西北安普顿郡">西北安普顿郡</a> * West Northamptonshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%89%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF%E9%83%A1" title="北北安普顿郡">北北安普顿郡</a> * North Northamptonshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%E4%BC%AF%E5%8B%92" title="彼得伯勒">彼得伯勒</a> * Peterborough </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E9%83%A1" title="劍橋郡">劍橋郡</a> Cambridgeshire </li></ol> </td> <td> <ol start="46"> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="諾福克郡">諾福克郡</a> Norfolk </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="薩福克">薩福克</a> Suffolk </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%83%A1" title="埃塞克斯郡">埃塞克斯郡</a> Essex </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%B1%E6%B5%B7%E7%B4%B9%E6%A3%AE%E5%BE%B7" title="濱海紹森德">濱海紹森德</a> * Southend-on-Sea </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9F%E7%BE%85%E5%85%8B" title="瑟羅克">瑟羅克</a> * Thurrock </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E7%89%B9%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" title="赫特福德郡">赫特福德郡</a> Hertfordshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%BE%B7%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="贝德福德区">贝德福德</a> * Bedford </li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E8%B4%9D%E5%BE%B7%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中央贝德福德郡（页面不存在）">中央贝德福德郡</a> * Central Bedfordshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E9%A0%93" class="mw-redirect" title="盧頓">盧頓</a> * Luton </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%E5%87%B1%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="米爾頓凱恩斯">米爾頓凱恩斯</a> * Milton Keynes </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%87%91%E6%B1%89%E9%83%A1" title="白金汉郡">白金漢郡</a> * Buckinghamshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%B4%A5%E9%83%A1" title="牛津郡">牛津郡</a> Oxfordshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="格洛斯特郡">格洛斯特郡</a> Gloucestershire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8D%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="伍斯特郡">伍斯特郡</a> Worcestershire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%87%8C%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" title="赫里福德郡">赫里福德郡</a> * Herefordshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A0%BC%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="南格洛斯特郡">南格洛斯特郡</a> * South Gloucestershire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%B0%94" title="布里斯托尔">布里斯托尔</a> * Bristol </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%96%A9%E9%BB%98%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="北薩默塞特">北萨默塞特</a> * North Somerset </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E8%96%A9%E9%BB%98%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9" title="巴斯和東北薩默塞特">巴斯-东北萨默塞特</a> * Bath and North East Somerset </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="威爾特郡">威尔特郡</a> * Wiltshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B8%A9%E9%A1%BF" title="斯温顿">斯温顿</a> * Swindon </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="伯克郡">伯克郡</a> ‡ Berkshire，包括： <a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="西伯克郡">西伯克郡</a> * West Berkshire <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E4%B8%81" title="雷丁">雷丁</a> * Reading <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E9%87%91%E5%8E%84%E5%A7%86%E5%8D%80" title="沃金厄姆區">沃金厄姆</a> * Wokingham <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%85%A7%E7%88%BE%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97" title="布拉克內爾森林">布拉克内尔森林</a> * Bracknell Forest <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E8%8E%8E-%E6%A2%85%E7%99%BB%E9%BB%91%E5%BE%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="温莎-梅登黑德">温莎-梅登黑德</a> * Windsor and Maidenhead <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%B3" title="斯劳">斯劳</a> * Slough </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%BE%B7%E9%9F%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="梅德韦">梅德韦</a> * Medway </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="肯特郡">肯特郡</a> Kent </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%96%A9%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="東薩塞克斯">東萨塞克斯</a> East Sussex </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%B5%96%E9%A1%BF%E5%92%8C%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="布赖顿和霍夫">布萊頓-霍夫</a> * Brighton and Hove </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="西薩塞克斯">西萨塞克斯</a> West Sussex </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E9%87%8C%E9%83%A1" title="薩里郡">薩里郡</a> Surrey </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%99%AE%E9%83%A1" title="漢普郡">漢普郡</a> Hampshire </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%89%E6%99%AE%E6%95%A6" title="南安普敦">南安普敦</a> * Southampton </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B4%E8%8C%A8%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF" title="朴茨茅斯">朴茨茅斯</a> * Portsmouth </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E7%89%B9%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="怀特岛">怀特島</a> * Isle of Wight </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="多塞特郡">多塞特郡</a> * Dorset </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF-%E5%85%8B%E8%B5%96%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%BD%BB%E5%A5%87-%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%94" title="伯恩茅斯-克赖斯特彻奇-普尔">伯恩茅斯-克赖斯特彻奇-普尔</a> * Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%BB%98%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="萨默塞特">萨默塞特</a> * Somerset </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87%E9%83%A1" title="德文郡">德文郡</a> Devon </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E8%B2%9D" title="托貝">托貝</a> * Torbay </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E5%88%A9%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF" title="普利茅斯">普利茅斯</a> * Plymouth </li><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E6%B2%83%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="康沃爾">康沃爾</a> * Cornwall </li></ol> </td></tr></tbody></table> * <a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8D%80" title="單一管理區">單一管理區</a> † <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="都市郡">都市郡</a>，無郡理事會（county council，負責管理郡的地方政府） ‡ 非都市郡，無郡理事會 管理体制方面，所有的都市郡以及非都市郡<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="伯克郡">伯克郡</a>都不设理事会（英語：Council），非都市郡、都市及非都市区、伦敦自治市镇都由理事会领导，而伦敦市的领导机构是<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%82%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%98" title="倫敦市法團">伦敦市法团</a>（英語：City of London Corporation）。单一管理区同样由理事会领导。地方政府应当承担的职责会在上层政府和下层政府间进行分工，而都市郡虽然不设有理事会，但是各都市自治市镇会组成联合机构（英語：Combined Authority）承担一部分职责。而单一管理区则会负责一切应由上层及下层政府应提供的公共服务。在理事会的选举方面，在单一席位的选区，使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%95%B8%E5%88%B6" title="多數制">多數制</a>，而在多个席位的选区，使用<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%A5%A8%E5%88%B6" title="全票制">全票制</a>。<a href="#cite_note-143">[129]</a> 英格兰一共有6个都市郡，22个非都市郡（包括伯克郡）；6个都市郡下辖36个都市区（又称为都市自治市镇），22个非都市郡下辖164个非都市区（不包括原属伯克郡的6个区）；大伦敦下辖32个伦敦自治市镇以及伦敦市；此外还有62个单一管理区（包括原属伯克郡的6个区）以及1个特殊单一层级行政区锡利群岛。包括21个非都市郡郡理事会、36个都市自治市镇理事会、164个非都市区区理事会、32个伦敦自治市镇理事会、62个单一管理区理事会、伦敦市法团以及锡利群岛理事会在内，英格兰将有317个地方政府。 第四层为教区（英語：Parish）级。伦敦市下辖坊（英語：Ward），而都市区、非都市区、单一管理区以及伦敦自治市镇下视情况而定，在农村及城镇地区一般设有民政教区（英語：Civil Parish），而城市地区一般不设民政教区。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="苏格兰行政区划">苏格兰行政区划</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：苏格兰行政区划">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="苏格兰行政区划">苏格兰行政区划</a></div> 自1996年开始，苏格兰被分为32个议会区（英語：Council Area，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇格蘭蓋爾語">蘇格蘭蓋爾語</a>：Comhairle），议会区为单一层级，是当地唯一民选的地方政府，类似于英格兰的单一管理区。以下为苏格兰议会区列表： <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png/400px-Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="650" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png/600px-Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png/800px-Scotland_Administrative_Map_2009.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1625" /></a><figcaption>苏格兰议会区（1996年至今）</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="font-size:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO代码</th> <th>议会区</th> <th>英文名 </th></tr> <tr> <td>DGY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%A7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF-%E5%8A%A0%E6%B4%9B%E9%9F%8B" title="鄧弗里斯-加洛韋">邓弗里斯-加洛韦</a></td> <td>Dumfries and Galloway </td></tr> <tr> <td>SCB</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰边区">苏格兰边疆</a></td> <td>Scottish Borders </td></tr> <tr> <td>MLN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%B4%9B%E9%94%A1%E5%AE%89" title="中洛锡安">中洛锡安</a></td> <td>Midlothian </td></tr> <tr> <td>ELN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B4%9B%E9%94%A1%E5%AE%89" title="东洛锡安">东洛锡安</a></td> <td>East Lothian </td></tr> <tr> <td>EDH</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a></td> <td>Edinburgh </td></tr> <tr> <td>WLN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%9B%E9%94%A1%E5%AE%89" title="西洛锡安">西洛锡安</a></td> <td>West Lothian </td></tr> <tr> <td>SLK</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="南拉纳克郡">南拉纳克郡</a></td> <td>South Lanarkshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>EAY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%89%BE%E5%B0%94%E9%83%A1" title="东艾尔郡">东艾尔郡</a></td> <td>East Ayrshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>SAY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%89%BE%E5%B0%94%E9%83%A1" title="南艾尔郡">南艾尔郡</a></td> <td>South Ayrshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>NAY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%89%BE%E5%B0%94%E9%83%A1" title="北艾尔郡">北艾尔郡</a></td> <td>North Ayrshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>IVC</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E5%BC%97%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E5%BE%B7" title="因弗克萊德">因弗克莱德</a></td> <td>Inverclyde </td></tr> <tr> <td>RFW</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E5%BC%97%E9%B2%81%E9%83%A1" title="伦弗鲁郡">伦弗鲁郡</a></td> <td>Renfrewshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>ERW</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E4%BC%A6%E5%BC%97%E9%B2%81%E9%83%A1" title="东伦弗鲁郡">东伦弗鲁郡</a></td> <td>East Renfrewshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>GLG</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="格拉斯哥">格拉斯哥</a></td> <td>Glasgow </td></tr> <tr> <td>NLK</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="北拉纳克郡">北拉纳克郡</a></td> <td>North Lanarkshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>FAL</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94%E6%9F%AF%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="福尔柯克">福尔柯克</a></td> <td>Falkirk </td></tr> <tr> <td>EDU</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E9%84%A7%E5%B7%B4%E9%A0%93%E9%83%A1" title="東鄧巴頓郡">东邓巴顿郡</a></td> <td>East Dunbartonshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>WDU</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%84%A7%E5%B7%B4%E9%A0%93%E9%83%A1" title="西鄧巴頓郡">西邓巴顿郡</a></td> <td>West Dunbartonshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>AGB</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94-%E6%AF%94%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="阿盖尔-比特">阿盖尔-比特</a></td> <td>Argyll and Bute </td></tr> <tr> <td>STG</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E7%89%B9%E7%81%B5_(%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA)" class="mw-redirect" title="史特灵 (苏格兰行政区)">斯特灵</a></td> <td>Stirling </td></tr> <tr> <td>CLK</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E6%9B%BC%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A1" title="克拉克曼南郡">克拉克曼南郡</a></td> <td>Clackmannanshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>FIF</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%A4%AB" title="法夫">法夫</a></td> <td>Fife </td></tr> <tr> <td>DND</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%93%E8%BF%AA" title="邓迪">邓迪</a></td> <td>Dundee </td></tr> <tr> <td>ANS</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%A0%BC%E6%96%AF_(%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="安格斯 (蘇格蘭)">安格斯</a></td> <td>Angus </td></tr> <tr> <td>PKN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%80%E6%96%AF-%E9%87%91%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="珀斯-金罗斯">珀斯-金罗斯</a></td> <td>Perth and Kinross </td></tr> <tr> <td>ABD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E4%B8%81%E9%83%A1" title="阿伯丁郡">阿伯丁郡</a></td> <td>Aberdeenshire </td></tr> <tr> <td>ABE</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%AF%E4%B8%81" title="阿伯丁">阿伯丁</a></td> <td>Aberdeen </td></tr> <tr> <td>MRY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C_(%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80)" class="mw-redirect" title="莫里 (蘇格蘭行政區)">莫里</a></td> <td>Moray </td></tr> <tr> <td>HLD</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0_(%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA)" title="高地 (苏格兰行政区)">高地</a></td> <td>Highland </td></tr> <tr> <td>ELS</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%95%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="外赫布里底群岛">埃利安锡尔</a></td> <td>Eilean Siar </td></tr> <tr> <td>ORK</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%BC" title="奥克尼">奥克尼</a></td> <td>Orkney </td></tr> <tr> <td>ZET</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%BE%E5%BE%97%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="设得兰">设得兰</a></td> <td>Shetland </td></tr></tbody></table> 苏格兰也设有民政教区，共871个，但是在现代不具有行政功能，只用作人口统计。 苏格兰的最基层行政区划为社区（英語：Community Area），截至2012年7月，共有1369个社区。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="威尔士行政区划">威尔士行政区划</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：威尔士行政区划">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="威尔士行政区划">威尔士行政区划</a></div> 威尔士行政区划分为两个层级，第一层为“主要地区”（英語：Principal Area），第二层为社区（英語：Community）。 <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png/400px-Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="631" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png/600px-Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png/800px-Wales_Administrative_Map_2009.png 2x" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="3389" /></a><figcaption>威爾斯行政區劃</figcaption></figure> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64625722">.mw-parser-output .excerpt .selflink{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .excerpt-indicator{border-left:3px solid #c8ccd1;margin:1em 0;padding-left:1em}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink selfref">这个部分摘自：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92#主要地区列表" title="威尔士行政区划">威尔士行政区划 § 主要地区列表</a>[<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92&action=edit">编辑</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> 主要地区为单一层级（single-tier）的行政区，似<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8D%80" title="單一管理區">单一管理区</a>，政府有原先县和区2级行政区的权限。 该层级的行政区共有22个主要地区，依种类可分郡（county）、市（city）和郡自治市镇（county borough）。 <table class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="font-size:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>ISO代码</th> <th>主要地区 </th> <th>威爾斯文名</th> <th>英文名</th> <th>类别 </th></tr> <tr> <td>AGY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E5%B2%9B" title="安格尔西岛">安格尔西岛</a> </td> <td>Ynys Môn</td> <td>Isle of Anglesey</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>GWN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%B8%A9%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="格温内斯">格温内斯</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Gwynedd</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CWY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E5%A8%81%E9%83%A1%E7%BA%A7%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="康威郡级自治市">康維</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Conwy</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>DEN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E6%AF%94%E9%83%A1" title="登比郡">登比郡</a> </td> <td>Sir Ddinbych</td> <td>Denbighshire</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>FLN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9E%97%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="弗林特郡">弗林特郡</a> </td> <td>Sir y Fflint</td> <td>Flintshire</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>WRX</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%8B%E7%91%9F%E5%A7%86%E9%83%A1%E7%BA%A7%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="雷克瑟姆郡级自治市">雷克瑟姆</a> </td> <td>Wrecsam</td> <td>Wrexham</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CGN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E9%9B%B7%E8%BF%AA%E5%90%89%E6%98%82" title="開雷迪吉昂">開雷迪吉昂</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Ceredigion</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>POW</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF" title="波伊斯">波伊斯</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Powys</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>PEM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1" title="彭布罗克郡">彭布罗克郡</a> </td> <td>Sir Benfro</td> <td>Pembrokeshire</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CMN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E9%A9%AC%E6%A3%AE%E9%83%A1" title="卡马森郡">卡马森郡</a> </td> <td>Sir Gaerfyrddin</td> <td>Carmarthenshire</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>SWA</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%97%BA%E8%A5%BF" title="斯旺西">斯旺西</a> </td> <td>Abertawe</td> <td>Swansea</td> <td>市 </td></tr> <tr> <td>NTL</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E6%B8%AF" title="下塔尔波特港">下塔尔波特港</a> </td> <td>Castell-nedd Port Talbot</td> <td>Neath Port Talbot</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>BGE</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%9C%9F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1%E7%B4%9A%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="布里真德郡級自治市">布里真德</a> </td> <td>Pen-y-bont ar Ogwr</td> <td>Bridgend</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>RCT</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E8%BE%BE%E5%8D%A1%E5%AB%A9%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB" title="朗达卡嫩塔夫">朗达卡嫩塔夫</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Rhondda Cynon Taf</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>MTY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E7%91%9F%E8%92%82%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94" title="梅瑟蒂德菲尔">梅瑟蒂德菲尔</a> </td> <td>Merthyr Tudful</td> <td>Merthyr Tydfil</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CAY</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" title="卡菲利自治市">卡菲利</a> </td> <td>Caerffili</td> <td>Caerphilly</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>BGW</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E8%80%90%E6%A0%BC%E6%B8%A9%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="布莱耐格温特">布莱耐格温特</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Blaenau Gwent</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>TOF</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%B3%95%E6%81%A9" title="托法恩">托法恩</a> </td> <td colspan="2">Torfaen</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>MON</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF%E9%83%A1" title="蒙茅斯郡">蒙茅斯郡</a> </td> <td>Sir Fynwy</td> <td>Monmouthshire</td> <td>郡 </td></tr> <tr> <td>VGL</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%91%A9%E6%A0%B9%E8%B0%B7" title="格拉摩根谷">格拉摩根谷</a> </td> <td>Bro Morgannwg</td> <td>Vale of Glamorgan</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>CRF</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡地夫">卡地夫</a> </td> <td>Caerdydd</td> <td>Cardiff</td> <td>市 </td></tr> <tr> <td>NWP</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9" title="纽波特">纽波特</a> </td> <td>Casnewydd</td> <td>Newport</td> <td>市 </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="北爱尔兰行政区划">北爱尔兰行政区划</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：北爱尔兰行政区划">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="北爱尔兰行政区划">北爱尔兰行政区划</a></div> 自2015年起，北爱尔兰被分为11个区（英語：District），为单一层级（single-tier）的行政区，似单一管理区，政府有原先县和区2级行政区的权限，共有11个，依种类可分市（city）、自治市镇（borough）和区（district）。 <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NI11w.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/NI11w.jpg/400px-NI11w.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/NI11w.jpg/600px-NI11w.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/NI11w.jpg 2x" data-file-width="772" data-file-height="616" /></a><figcaption>2015年以来的北爱尔兰行政區劃</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable" align="center" style="font-size:100%"> <tbody><tr> <th>地圖 代號</th> <th>ISO代码</th> <th>区</th> <th>英文名</th> <th>类别 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>BFS</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="贝尔法斯特">贝尔法斯特</a></td> <td>Belfast</td> <td>市 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>AND</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%85%B9-%E5%8C%97%E5%94%90%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿兹-北唐区（页面不存在）">阿兹-北唐</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ards_and_North_Down" class="extiw" title="en:Ards and North Down">Ards and North Down</a>）</td> <td>Ards and North Down</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>ANN</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86%E8%88%87%E7%B4%90%E9%A0%93%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E5%8D%80" title="安特里姆與紐頓阿比區">安特里姆-纽顿阿比</a></td> <td>Antrim and Newtownabbey</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>LBC</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%AC-%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94%E9%9B%B7%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利斯本-卡斯尔雷区（页面不存在）">利斯本-卡斯尔雷</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisburn_and_Castlereagh" class="extiw" title="en:Lisburn and Castlereagh">Lisburn and Castlereagh</a>）</td> <td>Lisburn and Castlereagh</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>NMD</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%BD%E9%87%8C-%E8%8E%AB%E6%81%A9-%E5%94%90%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纽里-莫恩-唐区（页面不存在）">纽里-莫恩-唐</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newry,_Mourne_and_Down" class="extiw" title="en:Newry, Mourne and Down">Newry, Mourne and Down</a>）</td> <td>Newry, Mourne and Down</td> <td>区 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>ABC</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%82-%E7%8F%AD%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87-%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿马市-班布里奇-克雷加文区（页面不存在）">阿马市-班布里奇-克雷加文</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armagh_City,_Banbridge_and_Craigavon" class="extiw" title="en:Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon">Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon</a>）</td> <td>Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>MEA</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD-%E4%B8%9C%E5%AE%89%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%A7%86%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中-东安特里姆区（页面不存在）">中-东安特里姆</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid_and_East_Antrim" class="extiw" title="en:Mid and East Antrim">Mid and East Antrim</a>）</td> <td>Mid and East Antrim</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>CCG</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A0%A4%E9%81%93%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8-%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="堤道海岸-峡谷区（页面不存在）">堤道海岸-峡谷</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causeway_Coast_and_Glens" class="extiw" title="en:Causeway Coast and Glens">Causeway Coast and Glens</a>）</td> <td>Causeway Coast and Glens</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>MUL</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中阿尔斯特区（页面不存在）">中阿尔斯特</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid_Ulster" class="extiw" title="en:Mid Ulster">Mid Ulster</a>）</td> <td>Mid Ulster</td> <td>区 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>DRS</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%8E%E5%92%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%8F%AD" title="德里城和斯特拉班">德里市-斯特拉班</a></td> <td>Derry City and Strabane</td> <td>市镇 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td>FMO</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%BA%B3-%E5%A5%A5%E9%A9%AC%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="弗马纳-奥马区（页面不存在）">弗马纳-奥马</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermanagh_and_Omagh" class="extiw" title="en:Fermanagh and Omagh">Fermanagh and Omagh</a>）</td> <td>Fermanagh and Omagh</td> <td>区 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="郡尉区">郡尉区</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：郡尉区">编辑</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A1%E5%B0%89_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="郡尉 (英國)">郡尉</a>（英語：Lord-lieutenant）是英国的一个职位名称，最初负责管理一个郡的民兵，现在仅具有礼仪意义而无实权。郡尉的管辖区被称为郡尉区（英語：Lieutenancy Area），传统上郡尉在其郡尉区内代表<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英王">英王</a>。郡尉区在不同的构成国的习惯叫法不一，如英格兰的郡尉区被称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%AD%BD%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="名譽郡">名誉郡</a>（英語：Ceremonial County），而在威尔士则被称为保留郡（英語：Preserved County）。 综上所示，英国本土的行政区划如下表所示： <table class="wikitable" style="background: #ffffff;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10">英國行政区划 </th></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">主权国家 </th> <td align="center" colspan="9" style="background: #f8f9fb;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国（大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">法律管辖权 </th> <td align="center" colspan="7" style="background: #f8f9fb;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%92%8C%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" title="英格兰和威尔士">英格兰和威尔士</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="英格蘭法律制度">英格兰法律制度</a>） </td> <td align="center" style="background: #fcdbba"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰法律制度（页面不存在）">北爱尔兰法律制度</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #c8c8ff"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="蘇格蘭法律制度">苏格兰法律制度</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">构成国 </th> <td align="center" colspan="6" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="英格兰行政区划">行政区划</a>） </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c1d7c1"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="威尔士行政区划">行政区划</a>） </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #fcdbba"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="北爱尔兰行政区划">行政区划</a>） </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c8c8ff"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="苏格兰行政区划">行政区划</a>） </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">大区 </th> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大伦敦">大伦敦</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="4" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD)" title="區域 (英格蘭)">统计区域 “大区”</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">（上层） </th> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="伦敦市">伦敦市</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="倫敦自治市">倫敦自治市 “伦敦区”</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="都会郡">都会郡</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E9%83%A1" title="非都会郡">非都会郡</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E4%B8%80%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%8D%80" title="單一管理區">单一管理区 “非都会郡区”</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="锡利群岛">独特的管理区 锡利群岛</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c1d7c1"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="威尔士行政区划">“主要地区” 单一化</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #fcdbba"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="北爱尔兰行政区划">“行政区” 单一化</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c8c8ff"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="苏格兰行政区划">“议会区” 单一化</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">（下层） </th> <td align="center" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="都會自治市">都会自治市 “都会市区”</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="非都会区">非都会区</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="height:45px;">教区 </th> <td align="center" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%82%E7%9A%84%E5%9D%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伦敦市的坊（页面不存在）">坊</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="5" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%8D%80" title="民政教區">民政教区</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #c1d7c1"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%8D%80" title="民政教區">民政教区 “社区”</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #fcdbba"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%8D%80" title="民政教區">民政教区</a> </td> <td align="center" style="background: #c8c8ff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E6%95%99%E5%8D%80" title="民政教區">民政教区 “社区”</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border-top: 3px solid black"> <th style="height:45px;">郡尉区 （非行政） </th> <td align="center" colspan="6" style="background: #ffc8c8"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E8%AD%BD%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="名譽郡">名誉郡</a> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c1d7c1">保留郡 </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #fcdbba">郡+2郡自治市镇 </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2" style="background: #c8c8ff">中尉区 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="王室属地">王室属地</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：王室属地">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">王室属地</a></div><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">王室属地</a>（英語：Crown Dependencies）指位于法国海岸附近的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="海峡群岛">海峡群岛</a>和处在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列颠</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="爱尔兰岛">爱尔兰</a>之间的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">曼恩岛</a>，作为独立于联合王国的自治领地，与前者在法律上统称为“<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E5%B3%B6" title="英國列島">英国列岛</a>”，但隶属于独立管理的司法管辖区。它们在国际上被认为是“联合王国所负责的领土”，而非主权国家或英国的海外领地，因此不是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>成员国，不过又的确与英联邦、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a>及其他国际组织有关连。王室属地作为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放政府</a>，由岛内居民选举产生的议会管理，在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%8D%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国－爱尔兰理事会">英国－爱尔兰理事会</a>中拥有独立席位。 公元933年，<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%9B%BC%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%8B" title="諾曼第公國">诺曼底公国</a>吞并海峡群岛，之后随着<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="诺曼征服英格兰">诺曼征服英格蘭</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰国王">英格兰国王</a>（兼任<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BA%95%E5%85%AC%E7%88%B5" title="诺曼底公爵">诺曼底公爵</a>）获得<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">泽西</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西">根西</a>两地的主权。1204年法王<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%93%E5%8A%9B%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF)" title="腓力二世 (法兰西)">腓力二世</a>剥夺“无地王”<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0_(%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B)" title="约翰 (英格兰国王)">约翰</a>的诺曼底公爵头衔，因后者在攻法战争中惨败，<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%9B%80%E8%8A%B1%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="金雀花王朝">金雀花王朝</a>丢失了<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%9F%BA%E5%9D%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="阿基坦公国">阿基坦公国</a>外的所有欧陆领地，后继国王也逐渐放弃了宣称，但海峡群岛在这一过程中被保留下来，成为了英国<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="中世纪">中世纪</a>历史的古老见证。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="英国海外领土">英国海外领土</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：英国海外领土">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="英国海外领土">英国海外领土</a></div><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">英国海外领土</a>（英語：British Overseas Territories）是主权归于大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国，但并不属于<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="联合王国">联合王国</a>建制的13块<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">属地</a>。它们是前<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>的剩余部分，部分领土经投票表决继续成为英国领土，其余领土则尚未取得完全独立。这13块领土包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="开曼群岛">开曼群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="英属维尔京群岛">英属维尔京群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" title="安圭拉">安圭拉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克兰群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E8%92%82%E9%87%8C%E5%92%8C%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚">阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚</a>，其中在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%B4%B2" title="南极洲">南极洲</a>声称的英属领地因《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="南极条约">南极条约</a>》而并不被其他国家所承认。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="外交">外交</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：外交">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="英国外交">英国外交</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg/220px-Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg/330px-Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg/440px-Foreign.office.london.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1729" data-file-height="1282" /></a><figcaption>位于<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%BB%B3" title="白廳">白厅</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E3%80%81%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%8F%8A%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" title="外交、聯邦及發展事務部">英国外交部</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%8A%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E9%83%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="外交及聯邦事務部">外交及聯邦事務部</a>是英國的外交主管部門。在19世紀至20世紀初期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a>時期，英國曾是世界最具影響力的國家<a href="#cite_note-144">[130]</a>。現在英國仍然是<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E7%90%86%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="聯合國安理會">聯合國安理會</a>五大<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="常任理事國">常任理事國</a>之一，並且加入了<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織">G7</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="八大工業國組織">G8</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="二十国集团">G20</a>、<a href="/wiki/NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO">NATO</a>、<a href="/wiki/OECD" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD">OECD</a>、<a href="/wiki/WTO" class="mw-redirect" title="WTO">WTO</a>等國際組織，为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="英聯邦">英聯邦</a>元首国，發揮重要作用。自17世紀以來，英國長期將維持歐洲大陸<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%87%E5%8B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="均勢">均勢</a>作為外交重點，此政策的目的在于防止欧洲大陆上某国形成绝对霸权，将欧洲各国的国力耗费在势均力敌的欧陆争霸上，使得没有任何一国有能力挑战大英帝国的世界和海洋霸权。英国在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="七年战争">七年战争</a>中与<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%AD%AF%E5%A3%AB%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="普魯士王國">普鲁士王国</a>结盟，当法奥俄三国联军进攻普鲁士时，英国乘机夺取了法国<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF" title="新法蘭西">在北美</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="法屬印度">印度</a>的殖民地，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%8D%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="法荷战争">法荷战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="大同盟戰爭">大同盟战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E5%B4%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="拿破崙戰爭">拿破仑战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="克里米亚战争">克里米亚战争</a>等也是这种思想的体现。自1870年之後，英國出于压制在工业和陆军上已经超越英国的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德意志帝国</a>，巩固其在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B" title="太平洋">太平洋</a>上的势力等目的結束了其<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E6%A6%AE%E5%AD%A4%E7%AB%8B" title="光榮孤立">光榮孤立</a>的外交政策，和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第三共和国">法国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>發展友好關係並与<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大日本帝国">日本</a>正式結盟。1907年，英法俄<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%94%E7%B4%84" title="三國協約">三国协约</a>，为<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第一次世界大战">第一次世界大战</a>埋下伏笔。在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>爆发前，英法对正在崛起的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">纳粹德国</a>实行<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%A5%E9%9D%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="绥靖主义">绥靖政策</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="慕尼黑協定">慕尼黑协定</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="波蘭戰役">入侵波兰</a>两起事件中坐视其侵吞邻国土地而未采取任何实质行动。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="法國戰役">法国战役</a>爆发后，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%96%AF%E9%A1%BF%C2%B7%E4%B8%98%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94" title="温斯顿·丘吉尔">温斯顿·丘吉尔</a>成为英国首相，他说服下院放弃投降倾向，重组<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E6%99%82%E5%85%A7%E9%96%A3" title="戰時內閣">战时内阁</a>，坚持与纳粹政权作战。英军在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%9D%9E%E6%88%B0%E5%A0%B4" title="北非戰場">北非</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%A5%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B3%B6%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="西西里島戰役">西西里</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BA%95%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86" title="诺曼底登陆">诺曼底</a>等战场为世界反法西斯战争作出了重要贡献。1945年成为<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国">联合国</a>创始会员国。1946年，丘吉尔发表“<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%B9%95%E6%BC%94%E8%AE%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="铁幕演讲">铁幕演讲</a>”拉开<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="冷战">冷战</a>序幕，英国也于1949年成为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北约</a>成员国之一。1960年英国加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲自由贸易联盟">欧洲自由贸易组织</a>开始融入欧洲市场，1973年加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93" title="欧洲经济共同体">歐共體</a>，1993年成为<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a>创始国之一，但英国在金融上始終不和歐洲統一，使用獨立貨幣<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%8E%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="英鎊">英鎊</a>。2020年1月31日晚上11时（<a href="/wiki/GMT" class="mw-redirect" title="GMT">GMT</a>），<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%84%AB%E6%AD%90" title="英國脫歐">英国正式退出欧盟</a>。 英国各類國民可以获得世界上大多数国家的免签待遇，更可自由出入、工作及定居在大部份歐盟區。對一些英國前殖民地，會有絕對性的免簽證待遇，前殖民地亦可免簽入境英國。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="英联邦">英联邦</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：英联邦">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg/221px-Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="221" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg/332px-Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg/442px-Commonwealth_of_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2754" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="英聯邦">英聯邦</a>成员国版图</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>（英語：Commonwealth of Nations），是一个由56个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%9D%83%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="主权国家">主权国家</a>所组成的国际组织，成员大多为前<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英国殖民地">英国殖民地</a>及其屬土<a href="#cite_note-145">[131]</a>。英联邦并非政治统一的联邦，该组织也无权约束旗下任何成员国内政，所有成员国地位一律平等。这些成员国大多由英国旧殖民地和<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="自治領">自治领</a>组成，也能以英语为它们国内的沟通语言，历任英联邦元首通常由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">英国君主</a>兼任，首任是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%96" title="乔治六世">乔治六世</a>，现任是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="查爾斯三世">查尔斯三世</a>，但元首并无实权，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%A7%98%E4%B9%A6%E9%95%BF" title="英联邦秘书长">秘书长</a>才是英联邦实际上的掌权者<a href="#cite_note-146">[132]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[133]</a>。根据1949年的《<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="伦敦宣言">伦敦宣言</a>》，共和国可以加盟英联邦，因此迄今为止英联邦的56个成员国内大部分为共和国，并不认为英国国王为自己的国家元首。由於英联邦國家曾經有共享共同國籍的歷史，至今，許多大英國協國家都對非本國公民的大英國協公民提供超出其他外國人的特殊待遇。 根據《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" title="英國國籍法">英國國籍法</a>》，英国国籍类别中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="英國公民">英國公民</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91" title="英國海外領土公民">英國海外領土公民</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E5%85%AC%E6%B0%91" title="英國海外公民">英國海外公民</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%EF%BC%88%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%EF%BC%89" title="英國國民（海外）">英國國民（海外）</a>均為英聯邦公民，但並不包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%97%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E4%BA%BA%E5%A3%AB" title="受英國保護人士">受英國保護人士</a>。此外，在《1981年英国国籍法令》附则第三条内所列国家的国民也是英联邦公民。附则第三条所列国家基本反映<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>成员国，但由于法律修改的时间不一定紧跟成员国的去留而作出變更，因此法律上的英联邦公民概念范围不一定和实际上的英联邦国家吻合。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="军事">军事</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：军事">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="英国军队">英国军队</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg/220px-HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg/330px-HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg/440px-HMS_Queen_Elizabeth.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2013" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">英國皇家海軍</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%8E%89%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B%E7%B4%9A%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6" title="伊莉莎白女王級航空母艦">伊麗莎白女王級</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%BA%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B%E8%99%9F%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6" title="伊麗莎白女王號航空母艦">伊麗莎白女王號</a>，是英軍最新的航空母艦</figcaption></figure> 英國是傳統<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a>大國。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="英國軍隊">英國軍隊</a>的最高统帅是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="英國君主">英國君主</a>；統領<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="英國陸軍">陸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">空</a>三軍。英國陸、海、空三軍，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E9%83%A8" title="英國國防部">英國國防部</a>國防委員會（Defence Council of the United Kingdom）管理。英國陸海空三軍受到<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="英國國會">英國國會</a>委託，保護英國本土及其海外領土的職責、促進英國政府廣泛的治安利益、及出力支援國際維持和平。英國軍隊經常活躍地參與北約和其他盟國的軍事行動。 雖然軍隊人數並非排名第一，但英國擁有全球其中一支有權威、高科技、及無所不包的軍隊。根據英國國防部的資料，儘管軍隊人力在全球排第28位，英國的國防開支在全球排名第五；並兼為全球第二大軍事科學、工程及科技的開銷國。<a href="#cite_note-148">[134]</a>英军在全球拥有多个<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="英国海外军事基地">海外基地</a>。儘管英軍一系列廣泛能力，近期國防政策的指定假設，任何大型軍事行動必須要以盟國行動從事。波士尼亞黑塞哥維亞、科索沃、阿富汗、伊拉克（「Operation Granby」、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0%E4%B9%8B%E7%8B%90%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="沙漠之狐行动">沙漠之狐</a>、及「Operation Telic」等行動）都是先例，上一次英國單獨參與的大型軍事行動是1982年的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%B3%B6%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="馬島戰爭">福克蘭群島戰爭</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[135]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="陸軍">陸軍</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：陸軍">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="英國陸軍">英國陸軍</a></div> 英國陸軍為英國軍隊的陸上武裝部隊，承襲自蘇格蘭與英格蘭的武裝部隊，1707年時英格蘭與蘇格蘭合併為大不列顛王國，同步改組而成。英国陆军与<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="英国皇家海军">英国皇家海军</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">英国皇家空军</a>不同，没有“<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6" title="皇家">皇家</a>”头衔，原因是<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="英国内战">英国内战</a>期间在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">英国君主</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国议会</a>的一系列斗争中英国陆军总是站在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国议会</a>一边，并且根据<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国议会</a>在1689年通过的《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%9D%83%E5%88%A9%E6%B3%95%E6%A1%88" class="mw-redirect" title="英国权利法案">权利法案</a>》中的规定“和平时期未经议会同意国王不得维持常备军”，英国陆军在法律上并不属于王室管辖。不过尽管英国陆军没有皇家头衔，仍不妨碍在陆军体系内有若干團（Regiments）使用“皇家”此一头衔。英国陆军自成立以来，先后参加了<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%8D%E7%BB%A7%E6%89%BF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-redirect" title="西班牙王位继承战争">西班牙王位继承战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="七年戰爭">七年战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="美國獨立戰爭">美国独立战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E5%B4%99%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="拿破崙戰爭">拿破仑战争</a>、两次<a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%89%E7%89%87%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="鴉片戰爭">鸦片战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%E4%BA%9E%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="克里米亞戰爭">克里米亚战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E8%BB%8D%E4%BE%B5%E8%8F%AF%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="八國聯軍侵華戰爭">八国联军侵华战争</a>、與<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯帝国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%9A%E5%BC%88" title="大博弈">大博弈</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" class="mw-disambig" title="布尔战争">布尔战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第一次世界大战">第一次世界大战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="福克蘭戰爭">福克兰战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E7%81%A3%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯灣戰爭">海湾战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="伊拉克戰爭">伊拉克战争</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89_(2001%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="阿富汗战争 (2001年)">2001年阿富汗战争</a>，为英国势力的扩张及维护英国的利益立下了巨大功劳。至2016年止，英國陸軍擁有79,390名正規軍官兵，及24,640名國土軍官兵<a href="#cite_note-stats-150">[136]</a>。英國陸軍經常部署至海外，參與地面戰鬥部隊、多國聯軍，或聯合國維持和平部隊的相關行動。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="海军">海军</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：海军">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">英國皇家海軍</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%99%B8%E6%88%B0%E9%9A%8A" title="英國皇家海軍陸戰隊">英國皇家海軍陸戰隊</a></div> 在英国三军中因成立最早而被称为“资深兵种”。9世纪起英国<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" title="阿尔弗雷德大帝">阿尔弗雷德大帝</a>开始使用海军。14世纪初起英格兰海军开始参与海战，1588年英国皇家海军击败<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E7%84%A1%E6%95%B5%E8%89%A6%E9%9A%8A" title="西班牙無敵艦隊">西班牙无敌舰队</a>，開始在世界上嶄露頭角。18世纪英国海军擴大規模並多次擊敗敵軍，使英国逐渐成为海上霸主和19世紀最強盛的軍事經濟強國。英国皇家海军在19至20世纪期间也是把大英帝國的影響力投射至全世界的重要工具。雖然二戰後由于财政问题不得不数次大规模裁军，戰力大為減弱，但皇家海軍仍是世界上最先進的海軍之一。英國目前有两艘<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%B0" title="航空母舰">航空母舰</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%BA%97%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B%E8%99%9F%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6" title="伊麗莎白女王號航空母艦">伊丽莎白女王号</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%A6%AA%E7%8E%8B%E8%99%9F%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%89%A6_(R09)" title="威爾斯親王號航空母艦 (R09)">威尔士亲王号</a>，还有一艘作為直升機航空母艦用途的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BB%E5%9E%8B%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%8D%E8%88%B0" title="轻型航空母舰">輕型航空母艦</a>、10艘<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%AD%90%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E6%BD%9B%E8%89%87" title="核子動力潛艇">核潛艇</a>（其中4艘具有彈道導彈發射能力）和各類大小軍艦。 截至2015年1月1日，海军（皇家海军及皇家海军陆战队）现役人数约为32,880人<a href="#cite_note-151">[137]</a>，海上预备役（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E9%A0%90%E5%82%99%E5%BD%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="皇家海軍預備役">皇家海軍預備役</a>及皇家海军陆战预备役）3,040人<a href="#cite_note-152">[138]</a>，总人数约为35,920人。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="空軍">空軍</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：空軍">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">英國皇家空軍</a></div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USAFUKbases.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USAFUKbases.PNG/220px-USAFUKbases.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USAFUKbases.PNG/330px-USAFUKbases.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/USAFUKbases.PNG/440px-USAFUKbases.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>美军使用的皇家空军基地</figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">英国皇家空军</a>创设于1918年4月1日，为世界上第一支编成独立<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E7%A7%8D" title="军种">军种</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="空軍">空中武装单位</a>。在一战战胜<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E5%9C%8B_(%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0)" title="同盟國 (第一次世界大戰)">同盟国</a>后，英国皇家空军成为了该时期最庞大的空军。自创设以来，英国皇家空军在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國軍事">英国军事</a>史扮演了重要<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E8%89%B2" title="角色">角色</a>，尤其是在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98" title="第二次世界大战">第二次世界大战</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="不列顛戰役">不列颠战役</a>。皇家空军现时有800架以上<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="飛行器">飞行器</a>，及32940位常备兵员。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="駐英美軍">駐英美軍</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：駐英美軍">编辑</a>]</div> 由于第二次世界大战中<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">纳粹德国</a>的进攻压力，1942年1月26日第一批美军抵达北爱尔兰的贝尔法斯特帮助英军保卫本土<a href="#cite_note-153">[139]</a>。二战之后，美军撤出了大部分部队，但保留了一定的空中力量作为北约成员国之间互相保持的一种军事存在。1966年2月21日，法国总统<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E9%AB%98%E6%A8%82" title="夏爾·戴高樂">戴高乐</a>宣布减少与北约的纽带并于1967年驱逐了所有的外国部队。为了弥补对西欧的安全保护，美国在英国的驻军（全为空军）显著增加。1991年，随着苏联解体，美国在英国的军事力量再次缩减。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="经济">经济</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：经济">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="英国经济">英国经济</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London_Skyline_(125508655).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg/220px-London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg/330px-London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg/440px-London_Skyline_%28125508655%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>是欧洲最大的<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="都市經濟學">都市经济圈</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[140]</a>并与<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6" title="纽约">纽约</a>并列为世界上和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="世界經濟">全球经济</a>联系最紧密的城市<a href="#cite_note-155">[141]</a>。</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London.bankofengland.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/London.bankofengland.arp.jpg/220px-London.bankofengland.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/London.bankofengland.arp.jpg/330px-London.bankofengland.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/London.bankofengland.arp.jpg/440px-London.bankofengland.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2047" data-file-height="1669" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭銀行">英格蘭銀行</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="综述">综述</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=34" title="编辑章节：综述">编辑</a>]</div> 英国作为一个重要的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B8%E6%98%93" title="贸易">贸易</a>实体、經濟大國以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D" title="金融">金融</a>中心，是世界第五大<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" title="经济体系">经济体系</a>，也是全球最富裕、經濟最發達和生活水準最高的國家之一<a href="#cite_note-Global_city_GDP_rankings_2008-2025-156">[142]</a>。在过去的三十年间，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">政府</a>大量减少国有资产，并减缓<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9" title="社会福利">社会福利</a>计划的发展<a href="#cite_note-157">[143]</a>。十八世紀時英國本地產<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="小麥">小麥</a>開始不敵北美廉價小麥，放棄大量種植小麥，大量從美洲進口糧產，逐漸轉以乳畜业为主，较为集中，高度<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E5%8C%96" title="农业机械化">机械化</a>，效益十分高：1%的劳动人口能够满足大约60%的食品需要<a href="#cite_note-158">[144]</a>。 英国拥有大量的<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤">煤</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油">石油</a>储备；英国的主要能源生产大约占总<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E6%80%BB%E5%80%BC" title="国民生产总值">GDP</a>的10%，在工业国家是算非常高的<a href="#cite_note-159">[145]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="服务业">服务业</a>，特别是<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="银行业">银行业</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="金融业">金融業</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E9%81%8B%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="航運業">航運業</a>、保险业以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A" title="商业">商业</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="服务业">服务业</a>占GDP的比重最大，而且處於世界領導地位<a href="#cite_note-160">[146]</a>，首都<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="倫敦">倫敦</a>更是世界數一數二的金融、航運和服務中心<a href="#cite_note-GFCI_27_Rank_-_Long_Finance-161">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-Global_city_GDP_rankings_2008-2025-156">[142]</a>。英國的名牌國際工業包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%9E%E6%96%AF%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="勞斯萊斯">勞斯萊斯</a>汽車和引擎，名牌國際服務業包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BE%E8%B4%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="马莎百货">馬莎百貨公司</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%99%E8%B1%90%E9%8A%80%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="滙豐銀行">滙豐銀行</a>。 英國的<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="教育">教育</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="学术研究">學術研究</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="科學研究">科學研究</a>亦處於世界領導地位，举世闻名的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%B4%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="牛津大學">牛津大學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="劍橋大學">劍橋大學</a>都位於英國，是<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>以外全球最重要的教育樞紐<a href="#cite_note-162">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-163">[149]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[150]</a><a href="#cite_note-165">[151]</a>。英國每年吸引不少來自世界各地的<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%99%E5%AD%A6" title="留学">留學生</a>慕名前來升學，不僅為國家帶來豐厚的外匯，也為這個屬<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E5%9E%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="知識型經濟">知識型經濟</a>體系的國家吸納不少人才<a href="#cite_note-166">[152]</a>。 英国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="旅游业">旅游业</a>也相当重要：2015年達3,440万名游客，排名世界第八，低于<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>（3,500万）而高于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a>（3,210万）<a href="#cite_note-167">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-168">[154]</a>。特色景点包括城堡，有各種珍藏的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="大英博物館">大英博物館</a>和超大型<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4" title="溫室">溫室</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="產業結構">產業結構</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=35" title="编辑章节：產業結構">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="服务业">服务业</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=36" title="编辑章节：服务业">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_(tone).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg/170px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg/255px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg/340px-Microcosm_of_London_Plate_075_-_New_Stock_Exchange_%28tone%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2198" data-file-height="2746" /></a><figcaption>1810年的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E8%AF%81%E4%BA%A4%E6%89%80" class="mw-redirect" title="伦敦证交所">伦敦证交所</a></figcaption></figure> 17世纪，随着荷兰在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%8D%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="法荷战争">法荷战争</a>中衰弱，世界金融中心由<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹">阿姆斯特丹</a>转至<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>。由于英国强大的国力，活跃的国际商务活动和优越的地理位置，伦敦成为闻名世界的城市商业中心。尽管早期的金融服务并不完善，服务的种类比较单一，主要包括保险、股票经纪和投资等，但是它奠定了金融服务业发展的基础，一些金融服务供求的原则被提出。1870—1914年伦敦金融业达到极盛，这使伦敦现代服务业集群发展奠定了深厚的历史底蕴<a href="#cite_note-169">[155]</a>。现在英服务业包括金融保险、零售、旅游和商业服务等，是英经济的主导产业，占国内生产总值的3/4<a href="#cite_note-170">[156]</a>。倫敦依然是全球最大的金融中心之一，在2020年的全球金融中心指數中排名世界第二，僅次於<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="紐約">紐約</a><a href="#cite_note-GFCI_27_Rank_-_Long_Finance-161">[147]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="伦敦证券交易所">伦敦证券交易所</a>是仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E6%B3%9B%E6%AC%A7%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="巴黎泛欧交易所">巴黎泛欧交易所</a>的欧洲第二大交易所。伦敦也是世界外汇交易之都，2022年每日外汇全球交易额达7.5万亿美元，占总市场份额的38.1%<a href="#cite_note-171">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[158]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="通讯业">通讯业</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=37" title="编辑章节：通讯业">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="英国通讯">英国通讯</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>的通訊業包括寬頻、流動、固網電話及長途電話，衛星通訊例如衛星電話，陸路、海運及空運郵件，最初由國營的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%83%B5%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="英國皇家郵政">英國皇家郵政</a>電訊分部壟斷，另外收音機和電視<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="廣播">廣播</a>則由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國廣播公司">英國廣播公司</a>和受獨立廣播管理局（IBA）監管的電視台專營──兩所機構直接擁有和控制全英國的廣播，全國的電視發射站亦為兩間機構擁有。 1981年，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A2%A8%E4%B8%98%E5%88%A9%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="墨丘利通訊公司（页面不存在）">墨丘利通訊公司</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_Communications" class="extiw" title="en:Mercury Communications">Mercury Communications</a>）成立，打破了國營機構的壟斷<a href="#cite_note-CWC-H-17-173">[159]</a>。隨後英國皇家郵政的電訊部分拆為<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="英國電信集團">英國電信</a>，並於1984年<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E7%87%9F%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="民營化">民營化</a>。電視發射站則於1990年代逐漸由私營企業接管。 英國的通訊法規隨不同時代的需求而轉變。現時一所獨立的公營機構英國通訊辦公室（Ofcom）負責監管全英國的通訊公司或機構。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="工業（工程）">工業（工程）</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=38" title="编辑章节：工業（工程）">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dore_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dore_London.jpg/220px-Dore_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dore_London.jpg/330px-Dore_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Dore_London.jpg/440px-Dore_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>1870年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%A4%9A%E9%9B%B7" title="古斯塔夫·多雷">古斯塔夫·多雷</a>所绘的伦敦工业区</figcaption></figure> 18世纪中叶，英格兰地区依托着丰富的煤矿储量与较发达的资本主义商业模式开始进行<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第一次工业革命">第一次工业革命</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[160]</a>，随后在此世纪的后半叶，英国工业获得了长足发展，工业产值遥遥领先欧陆各国<a href="#cite_note-175">[161]</a><a href="#cite_note-176">[162]</a>，这使其一度靠着此优势得以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E5%B0%81%E9%94%81" title="大陆封锁">压制</a>几乎战无不胜的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E4%BB%91%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="拿破仑帝国">拿破仑帝国</a><a href="#cite_note-177">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[164]</a>。然而在19世纪中叶的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第二次工业革命">第二次工业革命</a>中，由于经济对<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%B9%E6%83%A0%E5%88%B6" title="帝国特惠制">殖民地倾销</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="金融系統">金融系統</a>的依赖性加强，加之教育系统的缺陷，<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0%E4%B8%9A" title="制造业">实体制造业</a>无可逆转的被<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德国</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>超越<a href="#cite_note-179">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-180">[166]</a>，失去了“世界工厂”的地位。二战后，英国经济一度因为中低端制造业的不景气和大英帝国的解体持续低迷，撒切尔夫人担任英国首相之后，力推许多利于金融服务业的政策，不断实行“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%BB%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%8C%96" title="去工業化">去工业化</a>”，尽管成功挽救英国经济，其本土工业却进一步衰弱，制造业增加值占GDP的比重从1990年的16.67%下降到2019年的8.59%<a href="#cite_note-181">[167]</a>。尽管如此，当今英國的工業在世界上仍占有重要地位，是歐洲最大的軍火、石油產品、電視、電腦和手機製造國。主要工業部門有：採礦、冶金、化工、電子電器、車輛、航空、航海、食品、飲料、菸草、輕紡、造紙、印刷和土木建築等<a href="#cite_note-182">[168]</a>。生物製藥、航空和國防是英國工業研發的重點，也是最具創新力和競爭力的產業<a href="#cite_note-183">[169]</a>。英製造業中紡織業最不景氣，但電子、光學設備、人造纖維和化工，特别是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="製藥工程">製藥</a>行業仍保持雄厚實力<a href="#cite_note-pharmsectorbis-184">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-185">[171]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="能源業">能源業</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=39" title="编辑章节：能源業">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/220px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/330px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg/440px-Oil_platform_in_the_North_SeaPros.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0" title="北海油田">北海油田</a></figcaption></figure>2021年，英国是世界第14大能源消费国和第22大能源生产国<a href="#cite_note-:1-186">[172]</a>。英国拥有许多大型能源公司，包括六大<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油">石油</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%94" title="天然气">天然气</a>公司中的两家——<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="英国石油公司">英国石油公司</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BC%E7%89%8C" title="殼牌">壳牌公司</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[173]</a>。2021年，英国石油（和其他液体）日产量为93.5万桶，消费量为12.58万桶<a href="#cite_note-:1-186">[172]</a>，产量目前正在下降，自2005年以来，英国一直是石油的净进口国<a href="#cite_note-:2-188">[174]</a>。2020年，英国已探明原油储量约为20亿桶<a href="#cite_note-:2-188">[174]</a>。 2021年，英国成为世界第21大天然气生产国<a href="#cite_note-189">[175]</a>，产量目前正在下降，自2004年以來，英國一直是天然氣的淨進口國<a href="#cite_note-eiagas-190">[176]</a>。 在1990年代後期，<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E8%83%BD%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="核能電廠">核能電廠</a>在英國的年發電量中佔約25%，但是隨著老舊的電廠被關閉以及與老化有關的問題影響了電廠的可利用性，核電廠的發電量逐漸下降。2023年，英国有9座核反应堆，正常发电量约占英国电力的15%<a href="#cite_note-191">[177]</a>。与德国和日本不同，目前有两个<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86" title="核反应堆">反应堆</a>正在建设中，还有更多计划中的反应堆<a href="#cite_note-192">[178]</a><a href="#cite_note-193">[179]</a>。在20世纪90年代末，核电站约占英国年发电总量的25%，但随着旧电站的关闭，这一比例逐渐下降。英国政府正在投资<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%9E%8B%E6%A8%A1%E5%A1%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%A0%86" class="mw-redirect" title="小型模塊化反應堆">小型模块化反应堆</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E7%BA%A7%E6%A8%A1%E5%9D%97%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94%E5%A0%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高级模块化反应堆（页面不存在）">高级模块化反应堆</a>的研发。 2020年，所有可再生能源的总发电量占英国发电量的43%<a href="#cite_note-194">[180]</a>。英国是欧洲<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E8%83%BD" title="風能">風能</a>效率最高的地区之一，风力发电是该国增长最快的供应；2022年，英国总电力的26.8%来自风力发电<a href="#cite_note-195">[181]</a>。英国拥有世界上最大的海上风电场，位于约克郡海岸<a href="#cite_note-196">[182]</a>。 2020年，英国的煤炭产量为180万吨，10年内下降了91%<a href="#cite_note-:3-197">[183]</a>。2020年，该公司已探明可采煤炭储量为2,600万吨<a href="#cite_note-:3-197">[183]</a>。英国煤炭管理局表示，英国有通过地下<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4%E6%B0%94%E5%8C%96" title="煤气化">煤气化</a>（UCG）或<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%8E%8B%E8%A3%82" title="水力压裂">水力压裂</a>生产70亿吨至160亿吨煤炭的潜力<a href="#cite_note-198">[184]</a>。根据目前英国的煤炭消费量，这种储量可能可供开采200至400年<a href="#cite_note-199">[185]</a>。化学品对地下水的污染和微震对房屋的破坏引发了环境和社会关注<a href="#cite_note-200">[186]</a>。 目前英國正研究向<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="冰島">冰島</a>購買環保的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%86%B1%E8%83%BD" title="地熱能">地熱</a>電力。2012年11月23日，据路透社传出的消息表明，英国政府已经决定支持低碳式发电，并计划到2020年将总发电规模提高两倍。2012年11月29日，英国政府公布了最新的能源法案，其主要内容是调整英国国内能源消费结构，发展低碳经济<a href="#cite_note-201">[187]</a>。2020年，英国来自可再生能源的发电量水平再次创下新纪录——全国电力的43%来自包括风能、太阳能和沼气在内的可再生资源，高于2019年的37%。英国政府于2021年8月3日发布了商业、能源和工业战略部（BEIS）编制的2020年英国能源统计摘要（DUKES）。2021年能源生产和消耗总量数据证实了化石燃料生产量的猛降及可再生能源占比的增长。由于防疫限制措施，包括运输用石油燃料在内的总体能源需求下降到上世纪50年代的水平，总消耗量同比下降了13%，英国能源业快速进行了低碳化和可持续化的转型<a href="#cite_note-202">[188]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="农业">农业</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=40" title="编辑章节：农业">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claas_Tucano_430.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Claas_Tucano_430.jpg/220px-Claas_Tucano_430.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Claas_Tucano_430.jpg/330px-Claas_Tucano_430.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Claas_Tucano_430.jpg/440px-Claas_Tucano_430.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="901" /></a><figcaption>苏格兰的一辆<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%94%B6%E5%89%B2%E6%9C%BA" title="联合收割机">联合收割机</a></figcaption></figure> 17世纪中叶，英国进行<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="英国农业革命">第二次农业革命</a>，农业生产力出现空前增长，人口也由此从1700年的550万变为1801年的900万，为英国工业革命打下了深厚基础。19世纪，随着人口激增为原来的三倍，超过3,200万，粮食国内生产逐渐被进口所取代<a href="#cite_note-203">[189]</a>。19世纪70年代，国内生产的粮食能够供应当时全国人口的79%，但到第一次世界大战时，英国生产的粮食只能养活36%的人口。1913年<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E7%89%A9" title="谷物">谷物</a>播种面积比1870年减少25%；1931年谷物播种面积减为196.3万公顷，比1918年下降41.7%、产量下降20.6%<a href="#cite_note-:4-204">[190]</a>。在第二次世界大战期间，由于德国潜艇击毁英国远洋商船，粮食进口运输受阻，使国内粮食供应发生困难。英国政府不得不实行食品配给制，转而加强对农业的干预，采取重视农业的许多措施，如：奖励垦荒、对开垦荒地的农户发给奖金；扩大耕地面积；提高农业机械化水平；大幅度提高农产品价格；各地区普遍建立农业生产管理委员会，对农业生产进行监督。战后，英国花了近15年的时间，扭转了农业衰退的局面，逐步实现了农业现代化。目前英国的农业劳动生产率、单位面积产量都有了很高的水平，其主要包括畜牧、粮食、园艺、渔业，可满足国内食品需求总量的近2/3。英国是人口高度<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%8C%96" title="城市化">城市化</a>的国家，农业劳动力数量少，发展农场主要依靠广泛采用现代技术、现代科学和现代管理，着重提高劳动生产率，采取资金密集型的发展形式。英国的农业生产不同于美国，属于人多地少的类型，因此，英国较为重视农业土地生产率和单位面积产量的提高，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E9%BA%A6" title="小麦">小麦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%A6" title="大麦">大麦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95%E9%BA%A6" title="燕麦">燕麦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%93%83%E8%96%AF" title="马铃薯">马铃薯</a>的单产都有大幅度的增长。1992年，英国谷物平均单产达6,940公斤／公顷，2002年达到7,006公斤／公顷，高于同期欧洲和美国的单产水平。从农业投入看，英国的种植业（包括大田作物和园艺）仅占农业总产出的39.9%，而畜牧业则占59.8%<a href="#cite_note-:4-204">[190]</a>。农业用地占国土面积的77%，其中多为草场和牧场，仅1/4用于耕种，<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%9C%E7%89%A7%E4%B8%9A" title="畜牧业">畜牧业</a>明显地超过<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E6%A4%8D%E4%B8%9A" title="种植业">种植业</a><a href="#cite_note-205">[191]</a>。农业人口人均拥有土地70公顷，是欧盟平均水平的4倍。 英国四面环海，海岸线绵长，且位于世界第二大渔场——<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9C%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E6%B8%94%E5%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="东北大西洋渔场（页面不存在）">东北大西洋渔场</a>的中央。因此其渔业资源极为丰富，是欧洲重要的捕捞渔业国家之一。据<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%B2%AE%E9%A3%9F%E5%8F%8A%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="联合国粮食及农业组织">联合国粮食与农业组织</a>资料，英国海洋渔业资源在20世纪50年代及高度开发，直至70年代产量长期维持在100~120万吨之间，80年代后产量有所下降，至2010年时产量约为60万吨<a href="#cite_note-206">[192]</a>，占欧盟的20%，满足国内2/3的需求<a href="#cite_note-agriculture2009-207">[193]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="科學技術">科學技術</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=41" title="编辑章节：科學技術">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg/169px-Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg/254px-Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg/339px-Charles_Darwin_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="885" /></a><figcaption>英国学者<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="查尔斯·达尔文">查尔斯·达尔文</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9" title="自然选择">自然选择理论</a>提出者与<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="生物学">现代生物学</a>的奠基人<a href="#cite_note-208">[194]</a></figcaption></figure> 英格蘭和蘇格蘭是17世紀以來<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="科學革命">科學革命</a>的主要中心<a href="#cite_note-209">[195]</a>。英國引领了18世紀的<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次工業革命">工业革命</a>，並不断培養出重要的科學家和工程師<a href="#cite_note-210">[196]</a>。17和18世紀的主要理論家包括：<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">艾萨克·牛顿</a>，他的運動定律和引力定律被視為現代物理学的基石；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%87%E8%BF%AA%E4%BB%80" title="亨利·卡文迪什">亨利·卡文迪许</a>，他发现的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a>是化学上最重要的元素；19世紀的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="查尔斯·达尔文">查爾斯·達爾文</a>，他提出的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8C%96%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="進化論">進化論</a>是現代生物學發展的基礎；<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6" title="詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦">詹姆斯·克拉克·麦克斯韦</a>，提出了<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="電磁場的動力學理論">電磁場的動力學理論</a>，對20世紀初电磁学的发展進展影響最為巨大并為<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%B9%E7%BE%A9%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%AB%96" class="mw-redirect" title="狹義相對論">狹義相對論</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="量子力學">量子力學</a>打下理論基礎<a href="#cite_note-211">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc1999-212">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-:5-213">[199]</a>。剑桥大学的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%87%E8%BF%AA%E8%AE%B8%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="卡文迪许实验室">卡文迪许实验室</a>诞生了许多诺贝尔奖获得者，如1897年，研究<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E6%A5%B5%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A" title="陰極射線">阴极射线</a>时发现<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E5%A7%86%E5%AD%99" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·汤姆孙">约瑟夫·汤姆孙</a>；1935年，发现<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%85%8B" title="詹姆斯·查德威克">詹姆斯·查德威克</a>；1953年，发现<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%B1%E6%B0%A7%E6%A0%B8%E7%B3%96%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8" title="脱氧核糖核酸">脱氧核糖核酸</a>（DNA）双螺旋结构的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%9D%9C%E5%A8%81%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·杜威·沃森">詹姆斯·沃森</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B" title="弗朗西斯·克里克">佛朗西斯·克里克</a>，为现代物理学和生理学发展做出了巨大贡献。最近，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC%E9%9C%8D%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="史蒂芬霍金">史蒂芬·霍金</a>在宇宙学、量子引力和黑洞研究领域也提出了重要理论<a href="#cite_note-:5-213">[199]</a>。 英国人的其他主要工程项目和应用包括由<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E7%B6%AD%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%8B" title="理查·特里維西克">理查·特里维西克</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%A8%81%E6%81%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安德鲁·威威恩（页面不存在）">安德鲁·威威恩</a>开发的<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B1%BD%E6%A9%9F%E8%BB%8A" title="蒸汽機車">蒸汽机车</a><a href="#cite_note-214">[200]</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E7%AC%AC" title="麥可·法拉第">迈克·法拉第</a>的电动机；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%B4%9D%E5%A5%87" title="查尔斯·巴贝奇">查尔斯·巴贝奇</a>设计的第一台计算机<a href="#cite_note-215">[201]</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E9%81%94%C2%B7%E5%8B%92%E8%8A%99%E8%95%BE%E7%B5%B2" title="愛達·勒芙蕾絲">埃达·洛夫莱斯</a>的第一个程序代码<a href="#cite_note-216">[202]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[203]</a>， <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威廉·庫克（页面不存在）">威廉·庫克</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E6%96%AF%E9%80%9A" title="查爾斯·惠斯通">查尔斯·惠更斯</a>的第一个商业电报<a href="#cite_note-218">[204]</a>， <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%87" title="约瑟夫·斯万">约瑟夫·斯万</a>的白炽灯泡<a href="#cite_note-219">[205]</a>；和由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%B1%89%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="亚历山大·格拉汉姆·贝尔">亚历山大·贝尔</a>申请专利的第一个实用电话<a href="#cite_note-220">[206]</a>。在20世纪，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E6%9D%B0%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="约翰·罗杰·贝尔德">约翰·罗杰·贝尔德</a>和其他人发明了世界上第一个运作的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="电视系统">电视系统</a><a href="#cite_note-221">[207]</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E6%83%A0%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94" title="弗兰克·惠特尔">弗兰克·惠特尔</a>发明的<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%B7%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%91%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA" title="喷气发动机">喷气发动机</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%A6%C2%B7%E5%9B%BE%E7%81%B5" title="艾伦·图灵">艾伦·图灵</a>提出的现代计算机的理论基础；<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%B9%E5%85%B0%E8%92%82%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="费兰蒂马克（页面不存在）">费兰蒂马克</a>——第一台<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="商业通用数字计算机（页面不存在）">商业通用数字计算机</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E9%BB%98" class="mw-redirect" title="杰弗里·达默">杰弗里·达默</a>提出的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="集成电路">集成电路</a>概念<a href="#cite_note-222">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[209]</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%91%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="万维网联盟">W3C</a>领导者<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF-%E6%9D%8E" title="蒂姆·伯纳斯-李">蒂姆·伯纳斯-李</a>提出的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E7%BB%B4%E7%BD%91" title="万维网">万维网</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[210]</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%BA%B3%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E7%BB%B4" title="乔纳森·艾维">乔纳森·埃维</a>提出的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="蘋果公司">苹果公司</a>产品概念。 直至今日，科學研究與開發在英國仍有重要地位，許多大學都建立了科學園區，以促進生產和與工業界的合作<a href="#cite_note-225">[211]</a>。2022年，英国发表了世界6.3%的科学研究论文，并拥有10.5%的科学引用份额，位居世界第三（两者均如此）。英国的领域加权引文影响力排名世界第一<a href="#cite_note-226">[212]</a>。伦敦在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲数字社会创新指数（页面不存在）">欧洲数字社会创新指数</a>中总体排名第一，该指数根据6个主题的32个标准对城市进行排名，伦敦在技术主题方面也排名第一<a href="#cite_note-227">[213]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[214]</a> 。英国在2020年、2021年和2022年<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8" title="全球創新指數">全球创新指数</a>中排名第四，该指数基于约80项指标，包括政治环境、教育、基础设施和知识创造的衡量标准。在相关报告中发现，剑桥是世界上“科技产业”最密集的集群。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="运输">运输</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=42" title="编辑章节：运输">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="英國交通">英國交通</a></div> 英國交通網由公路、航空、鐵路和水運構成，便捷的交通為該國的經濟帶來了良好的基礎。无论是英国各城市之间、城市内部，还是与欧洲大陆和世界其他地区均有海陆空多种快速交通连接。 辐射状的公路网络包括46,904公里（29,145英里）的主要道路、3,497公里（2,173英里）的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E5%85%AC%E8%B7%AF" title="高速公路">高速公路</a>和344,000公里（213,750英里）的铺面道路（正规道路）<a href="#cite_note-229">[215]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列颠岛</a>上的国家铁路网全长16,116 公里（10,072 英里），<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>境内铁路全长303公里（189英里），全国每日运送超过18,000列<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E8%BF%90%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="客运列车">客运列车</a>和1,000列<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E8%BF%90%E5%88%97%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="货运列车">货运列车</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="贝尔法斯特">贝尔法斯特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BF%B0" title="伯明翰">伯明翰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡迪夫">卡迪夫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="格拉斯哥">格拉斯哥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6" title="利物浦">利物浦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="曼彻斯特">曼彻斯特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%81%A9%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E7%BA%BD%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94" title="泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔">纽卡斯尔</a>都有城市铁路网。联合王国还有许多地区和国际机场，伦敦的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%80%9D%E7%BE%85%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="希思羅機場">希思罗机场</a>是世界十大最繁忙的机场之一<a href="#cite_note-230">[216]</a>。英国拥有的水运网络在2019年接收了超过4.86亿吨货物。运输是当今英国最大的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="温室气体">温室气体</a>排放源。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="公路">公路</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=43" title="编辑章节：公路">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Routemaster_Bus,_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg/220px-Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg/330px-Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg/440px-Routemaster_Bus%2C_Piccadilly_Circus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>倫敦<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%B7%B4%E5%A3%AB" title="倫敦巴士">紅色巴士</a></figcaption></figure> 公路在英国是最受欢迎的交通方式，承载了90%以上的机动客运和65%的国内货运<a href="#cite_note-:6-231">[217]</a>。主要的高速公路和主干道中许多是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%BB%8A%E9%81%93%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="雙車道快速道路">双车道</a>，形成了连接所有城市和主要城镇的干线网络。它们承载着全国约三分之一的交通流量，占其土地面积的约0.16%<a href="#cite_note-:6-231">[217]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%BB%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="收費道路">收费公路</a>在英国很少见，但有许多收费桥梁。道路交通拥堵已被确定为英国未来繁荣的一个关键阻碍，政府正在研究和制定政策和措施以减少拥堵<a href="#cite_note-232">[218]</a>。2003年，英国第一条收费高速公路“M6 Toll”在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%B0%E5%85%B9%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西米德兰兹地区（页面不存在）">西米德兰兹地区</a>开通，以缓解M6高速公路的拥堵<a href="#cite_note-233">[219]</a>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E9%A1%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="罗德·爱丁顿（页面不存在）">罗德·爱丁顿</a> (Rod Eddington) 在他 2006 年的报告《交通运输在维持英国生产力和竞争力方面的作用》（Transport's role in sustaining the UK's productivity and competitiveness）中建议，应通过“复杂的政策组合”解决交通拥堵问题，包括针对交通拥堵的道路收费和通过基础设施提高交通网络的容量和性能，投资和更好地利用现有交通网<a href="#cite_note-234">[220]</a>。控制拥堵的收费系统确实在伦敦<a href="#cite_note-235">[221]</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%8B%92%E5%A7%86" class="mw-redirect" title="达勒姆">达勒姆</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[222]</a>等城市以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%89%B9%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E8%B7%A8%E6%B2%B3%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF" title="达特福德跨河道路">达特福德跨河道路</a>（以交通拥塞闻名）运行。2005年，政府公布了英国范围内道路收费方案的提案，这旨在中和其他汽车税减少所造成的财政损失<a href="#cite_note-237">[223]</a>。这些计划极具争议性，180 万人签署了反对请愿书<a href="#cite_note-238">[224]</a>。 英国汽车<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B7%AF%E9%80%9A%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%B9%E5%90%91" title="道路通行方向">靠左行驶</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[225]</a>，在高速公路和双车道上，通常的最高速度限制为每小时112公里（70英里/小时）<a href="#cite_note-240">[226]</a>。2015年4月29日，克莱恩斯欧洲环保协会（ClientEarth）的环境律师提起环保诉讼<a href="#cite_note-241">[227]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2" title="英国最高法院">英国最高法院</a>裁定政府必须立即采取行动减少空气污染<a href="#cite_note-242">[228]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="铁路">铁路</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=44" title="编辑章节：铁路">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line,_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg/220px-An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg/330px-An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg/440px-An_LNER_Azuma_train_on_the_East_Coast_Railway_Line%2C_geograph_6275180_by_Walter_Baxter_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="948" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>一列<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E6%9D%B1%E5%8C%97%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="倫敦東北鐵路公司">伦敦东北铁路</a>列车在英国东海岸奔驰</figcaption></figure> 英国的铁路网由两个独立的部分组成——北爱尔兰和大不列颠。自1994年以来，后者通过<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%B3%95%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%95%E9%9A%A7%E9%81%93" title="英法海底隧道">海峡隧道</a>与欧洲大陆（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E4%BD%9B%E5%B0%94" title="多佛尔">多佛尔</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%9D%A5" title="加来">加来</a>）相连，而北爱尔兰的铁路与爱尔兰共和国接轨。两个铁路系统使用不同的轨距：大不列颠岛使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%BB%8C%E8%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="標準軌距">标准轨距</a>（1,435mm），而爱尔兰岛（北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国）使用<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%BB%8C%E8%B7%9D" title="愛爾蘭軌距">爱尔兰轨距</a>（1,600mm）。 英国大不列颠岛的16,209公里（10,072 英里）和北爱尔兰的303公里（189英里）的国家铁路网每年运送17亿乘客和1.1亿吨货物<a href="#cite_note-243">[229]</a><a href="#cite_note-244">[230]</a>。伦敦和其他几个城市的城市轨道交通网络也很发达。英国曾经有超过 48,000 公里（30,000 英里）的铁路网；然而，在1955年至1975年期间铁路里程数大大减少，其中大部分的削减是由于60年代中期政府顾问<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%AF%94%E9%92%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理查德·比钦（页面不存在）">理查德·比钦</a>（Richard Beeching，曾任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="英国铁路局">英国铁路局</a>主席）的一份报告（称为“Beeching削减”）。在评估使用强度、服务质量和安全性的 2017 年<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E7%BB%A9%E6%95%88%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲铁路绩效指数（页面不存在）">欧洲铁路绩效指数</a>中，英国在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲国家铁路系统（页面不存在）">欧洲国家铁路系统</a>中排名第八<a href="#cite_note-245">[231]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水運">水運</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=45" title="编辑章节：水運">编辑</a>]</div> 由于英国是一个岛国，水运尤其是海运是英国交通的支柱。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%99%A4%E5%A3%AB%E6%B2%B3" title="泰晤士河">泰晤士河</a>运输量居世界河流前十位<a href="#cite_note-246">[232]</a>。英国亦通过水运连接北爱尔兰及临近的爱尔兰共和国、法国等国。分隔英国和欧洲大陆的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%90%89%E5%88%A9%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="英吉利海峡">英吉利海峡</a>是世界上最繁忙的海上通道。 海运承担了95%的对外贸易运输。英国大中港口众多，其中约100个为重要商业港口，吞吐量1,000万吨以上的港口超过十个<a href="#cite_note-port01-247">[233]</a>。英国与<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>被公认为受海运影响最大的三个国家<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">[來源請求]</a>。通过发展航运业务和海事服务，英国成为全球航运定价中心和管理中心。伦敦是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="國際海事組織">国际海事组织</a>和国际海运联合会总部所在地<a href="#cite_note-about-248">[234]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="航空">航空</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=46" title="编辑章节：航空">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg/220px-Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg/330px-Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg/440px-Terminal_5_at_London_Heathrow_Airport%2C_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1669" data-file-height="815" /></a><figcaption>伦敦<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%80%9D%E7%BE%85%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="希思羅機場">希思羅機場</a>第5航廈。該機場是世界上最繁忙、運量名列前茅的機場之一</figcaption></figure> 英国有471个机场和小型机场，其中334个是拥有正式地面铺装的机场，还有11个<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%8D%87%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="直升飞机场">直升机场</a>（2004年<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5" title="世界概况">中情局</a>估计）。 位于大伦敦区域西部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%80%9D%E7%BD%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="希思罗机场">希思罗机场</a>是该国客运量最大的机场，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%80%9D%E7%BE%85%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="希思羅機場控股公司">希思罗机场控股公司</a>所有，依<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA%E5%AE%A2%E8%BF%90%E5%90%9E%E5%90%90%E9%87%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="全球机场客运吞吐量列表">客運吞吐量</a>是世界第7大、欧洲最大机场<a href="#cite_note-caastats-249">[235]</a>。位于大伦敦南部的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E7%89%B9%E5%A8%81%E5%85%8B%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="盖特威克机场">盖特威克机场</a>是第二大机场，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E5%BB%BA%E8%A8%AD%E5%90%88%E5%A4%A5%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="全球基礎建設合夥公司">全球基础建设合伙公司</a>所有，第三大机场是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="曼彻斯特机场">曼彻斯特机场</a>，由<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="曼彻斯特机场集团（页面不存在）">曼彻斯特机场集团</a>运营，该集团还拥有其他多个机场。 其他主要机场包括位于伦敦以北约 30 英里（48 公里）<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%83%A1" title="埃塞克斯郡">埃塞克斯郡</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%8F%B2%E5%9D%A6%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="倫敦史坦斯特機場">斯坦斯特德机场</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%BE%B7%E7%A6%8F%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="贝德福德郡">贝德福德郡</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E9%A1%BF%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="卢顿机场">卢顿机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%88%A9%E8%B5%AB%E7%88%BE" title="索利赫爾">索利赫尔</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BF%B0%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="伯明翰机场">伯明翰机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="纽卡斯尔国际机场">纽卡斯尔国际机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%88%97%E4%BE%AC%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="利物浦约翰·列侬机场">利物浦约翰·列侬机场</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="布里斯托機場">布里斯托尔机场</a>。 在英格兰之外，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="卡迪夫機場">卡迪夫机场</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E6%A9%9F%E5%A0%B4" title="愛丁堡機場">爱丁堡机场</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%BA%E5%9C%BA" title="贝尔法斯特国际机场">贝尔法斯特国际机场</a>是分别是威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰最繁忙的机场。 按客运量计算，英国最大的航空公司是<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E6%8D%B7%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="易捷航空">易捷航空</a>，而按机队规模和国际目的地计算，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="英国航空">英国航空</a>是最大的。其他航空公司包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%8C%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="捷特二航空">捷特二航空</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%80%94%E6%98%93%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="英国途易航空">英国途易航空</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E7%8F%8D%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="维珍航空">维珍航空</a>。英国拥有欧洲最大的航空交通系统，並拥有世界上最繁忙的10大<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E8%88%AA%E7%BA%BF" title="国际航线">国际航线</a>中的6条。2015年英国全部机场抵离旅客2.52亿人次，其中国际旅客为2.10亿人次，货物吞吐量230万吨<a href="#cite_note-caastats-249">[235]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大眾運輸">大眾運輸</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=47" title="编辑章节：大眾運輸">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg/220px-Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg/330px-Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg/440px-Baker_Street_tube_station_MMB_19_S_Stock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4452" data-file-height="3102" /></a><figcaption>伦敦地铁是世界上最古老的城市地下铁路系统</figcaption></figure> 英国为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E5%B1%82%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E6%B1%BD%E8%BD%A6" title="双层公共汽车">双层公共汽车</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="地铁">地铁</a>的发源地。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81" title="伦敦地铁">伦敦地铁</a>為世界上首个城市地下铁路系統，其第一条线路<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%83%BD%E6%9C%83%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="大都會鐵路">大都会铁路</a>于1863年1月10日通車，将<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="伦敦金融城">伦敦金融城</a>与其他市区连接在一起。1933年伦敦地铁与其他地下线路和伦敦公交合并，形成<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%B1%80%E5%AE%A2%E8%BF%90%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伦敦交通局客运委员会（页面不存在）">伦敦交通局客运委员会</a>（LPTB）控制下的伦敦交通系统。目前的地铁运营商伦敦地铁有限公司（LUL）是<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%B1%80" title="倫敦交通局">伦敦交通局</a>（TfL）的全资子公司，而伦敦交通局是一个隶属于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="大倫敦政府">大伦敦政府</a>、负责几乎所有伦敦交通工具运营、管理的法定机构<a href="#cite_note-250">[236]</a>。截至2015年，92%的运营支出由乘客票价支付<a href="#cite_note-251">[237]</a>。伦敦的交通卡于1983年推出，<a href="/wiki/%E8%A0%94%E5%8D%A1" title="蠔卡">蠔卡</a>——一种智能票务系统，于2003年应用<a href="#cite_note-252">[238]</a>。银行卡自动支付于2014年首次在公共交通系统上使用<a href="#cite_note-253">[239]</a>。今日倫敦已經建成總長402公里的地鐵網，2004至2005年度總載客人次為9億7,600万，以路線長度計算，它是世界上第四大的地鐵網路<a href="#cite_note-TfL_Facts-254">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-255">[241]</a>。在此之外伦敦亦存在其他类型的城市轨道交通系统，如由废弃铁路改造、延伸而来的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%BC%E9%A0%AD%E5%8D%80%E8%BC%95%E4%BE%BF%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="碼頭區輕便鐵路">码头区轻便铁路</a>，收购部分英国全国铁路改造而成的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8A%E9%90%B5" title="倫敦地上鐵">伦敦地上铁</a>郊区通勤铁路系统，收购部分伦敦远郊国铁服务、并于市区新建地下<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%AB%E8%B2%AB%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="橫貫鐵路">横贯铁路</a>连接而成的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="伊丽莎白线">伊丽莎白线</a>等等。 英国市内公交覆盖全国。自从放松管制（公交私有化）以来，这些本地巴士公司中的大部分（到1990 年代后期占80%）已被五大私营运输公司之一接管：<a href="/wiki/Arriva" title="Arriva">爱瑞发英国巴士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="第一集团">第一集团</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%BF%9B%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="前进集团">前进集团</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%BF%AB%E8%BF%90" title="国家快运">国家快运</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E9%81%94%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="捷達集團">捷达集团</a>。在北爱尔兰，长途汽车、公共汽车（和铁路）仍然是国有的，由<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93%E8%81%94%E7%BA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="运输联线">运输联线</a>运营。 英国亦拥有发达的通勤铁路系统，绝大部分隶属于英国全国铁路系统。在大伦敦和伦敦之外的主要城市，通勤铁路是主要的中短程交通手段之一。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E8%BD%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="有轨电车">有轨电车</a>曾经在伦敦、伯明翰、利物浦等主要城市大量使用，但因城市发展、系统老旧等原因导致既有有轨电车系统大量拆除、废弃。但随着英国和其他欧洲国家重新提出绿色环保能源等目标，有轨电车又再次于英国复兴。伦敦南部<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%8A%E7%99%BB%E5%8D%80" title="克羅伊登區">克罗伊登区</a>新建了现代化的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E9%9B%BB%E8%BB%8A" title="倫敦電車">伦敦电车</a>系统，而曼彻斯特、伯明翰等城市亦新建了现代化的电车系统。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="货币">货币</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=48" title="编辑章节：货币">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%95%91" title="英镑">英镑</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%95%91" title="英镑">英镑</a>（Pound Sterling）是英国国家<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A7%E5%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="货币">货币</a>和货币单位名称<a href="#cite_note-256">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[243]</a>，主要由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="英格兰银行">英格蘭银行</a>发行，但亦有<a href="#发行机构">其他發行機構</a>，是现在依然通用的世界上最古老货币<a href="#cite_note-258">[244]</a>，历史上<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">英属领土</a>也曾通用英镑。最常用於表示英镑的符号是£，<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">ISO 4217</a>货币代码为GBP (Great Britain Pound)。目前，英国商业已开始接受欧元和美元等外国货币。 2020年，英鎊在全球<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%8C%AF%E4%BA%A4%E6%8F%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="外匯交換">外汇兑换</a>市场与<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%B2%E5%82%99%E8%B2%A8%E5%B9%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="儲備貨幣">儲備貨幣</a>中排名第四，位於<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="歐元">歐元</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%9C%93" title="日圓">日圓</a>後<a href="#cite_note-259">[245]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="人口">人口</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=49" title="编辑章节：人口">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="英国人口">英国人口</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Population_density_UK_2011_census.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Population_density_UK_2011_census.png/200px-Population_density_UK_2011_census.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="355" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Population_density_UK_2011_census.png/300px-Population_density_UK_2011_census.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Population_density_UK_2011_census.png/400px-Population_density_UK_2011_census.png 2x" data-file-width="9413" data-file-height="16686" /></a><figcaption>英國人口密度 (2011年普查)</figcaption></figure> <div style="width: 500px; float: right; overflow: hidden; margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: ; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; border: solid 1px silver; background: none; font-size: 80%; padding: 5px 0;"><table style="width: 100%; background-color: none;"><caption>人口金字塔 (2011年普查)</caption><tbody><tr style="text-align: center; background: inherit;"><th scope="col">男性</th><th scope="col">年齡</th><th scope="col">女性</th></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:0.059285714285714%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,075 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;"> 100+ </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:0.29122857142857%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">10,193 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:0.56445714285714%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">19,756 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;"> 95-99 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:2.0912857142857%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">73,195 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:2.9734857142857%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">104,072 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;"> 90-94 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:7.5529428571429%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">264,353 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:9.2589428571429%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">324,063 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">85-89 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:16.979428571429%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">594,280 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:17.576085714286%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">615,163 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">80-84 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:25.249514285714%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">883,733 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:25.812371428571%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">903,433 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">75-79 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:31.502457142857%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,102,586 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:33.217742857143%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,162,621 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">70-74 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:37.1464%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,300,124 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:41.810142857143%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,463,355 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">65-69 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:44.403571428571%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,554,125 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:53.397485714286%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,868,912 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">60-64 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:55.401771428571%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,939,062 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:51.017085714286%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,785,598 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">55-59 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:52.242285714286%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,828,480 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:57.964228571429%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,028,748 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">50-54 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:59.020171428571%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,065,706 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:65.530628571429%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,293,572 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">45-49 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:67.129371428571%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,349,528 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:65.254342857143%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,283,902 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">40-44 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:66.906657142857%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,341,733 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:59.494571428571%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,082,310 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">35-39 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:60.347628571429%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,112,167 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:58.837485714286%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,059,312 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">30-34 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:59.032485714286%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,066,137 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:61.287257142857%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,145,054 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">25-29 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:61.751028571429%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,161,286 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:61.8326%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,164,141 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">20-24 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:60.944485714286%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">2,133,057 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:58.306428571429%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,040,725 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">15-19 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:55.877914285714%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,955,727 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:53.681085714286%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,878,838 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">10-14 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:51.1568%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,790,488 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:51.428542857143%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">1,799,999 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">5-9 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:49.046171428571%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,716,616 </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:right; margin-left:auto; width:57.214114285714%; height:1.5em; background: #ADD8E6;"></div><div style="float:right; text-align: right; margin:0 0.5em 0 auto">2,002,494 </div></td><th scope="row" style="width: 10%; text-align: center;">0-4 </th><td style="width: 45%;"><div style="float:left; margin-right:auto; width:54.613114285714%; height:1.5em; background: #FFC0CB;"></div><div style="float:left; text-align: left; margin:0 auto 0 0.5em">1,911,459 </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> 根据2011年人口普查，英国人口達6513万<a href="#cite_note-260">[246]</a>，其中三分之一居住在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰东南">英格兰东南部</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>就有860万）。在2016年，以地區來分，其中<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>人占83.9%；<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="苏格兰">苏格兰</a>人占8.4%；其他还有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔斯">威尔斯</a>人占4.8%、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>人占2.9%<a href="#cite_note-261">[247]</a>。 2017年，英国的平均<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E5%92%8C%E7%94%9F%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%87" title="总和生育率">总生育率</a> (TFR) 为1.74<a href="#cite_note-262">[248]</a>。虽然不断上升的<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%94%9F%E7%8E%87" title="出生率">出生率</a>促进了人口增长，但仍大大低于1964年每名妇女生育 2.95 个孩子的<a href="/wiki/%E5%AC%B0%E5%85%92%E6%BD%AE" title="嬰兒潮">婴儿潮</a>峰值<a href="#cite_note-263">[249]</a>或1815年每名妇女生育6.02个孩子的高峰<a href="#cite_note-264">[250]</a>，同时低于人口替代率（在无外来移民的情况下保持人口不变所需的最低总和生育率）的2.1，但高于2001年创纪录的低点1.63<a href="#cite_note-265">[251]</a>。2011年，英国47.3%的新生儿都是由未婚女性生育的<a href="#cite_note-266">[252]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E7%BD%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国家统计署">国家统计局</a>2015年发布的公告显示，在16岁及以上的英国人口中，有1.7%的人认为自己是<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B7%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%88%80" title="男同性戀">男同性恋</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E5%90%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%88%80" title="女同性戀">女同性恋</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%80%A7%E6%81%8B" title="双性恋">双性恋</a>（2.0%的男性和1.5%的女性）；4.5%的受访者回答“其他”、“我不知道”或没有回答。据2001年至2008年的研究估计，英国<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5%E9%87%8D%E7%BD%AE%E6%89%8B%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="性別重置手術">变性人</a>人数在65,000至300,000之间<a href="#cite_note-267">[253]</a>。 截止至2019年，英国的人口有66,959,016人，每年以小于百分之1的增长率在增长<a href="#cite_note-268">[254]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E7%BD%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国家统计署">英国国家统计署</a>基於2016年的《國家人口預測》指出，如果近期趨勢繼續下去，英國的人口將在2016年中至2026年中增加360萬。這表示年平均增長率為0.5％。同期，英格蘭的人口預計將增長5.9%。威爾士為3.1%，蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭分別為3.2%和4.2%<a href="#cite_note-npp2012-269">[255]</a>。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%B5%84%E6%96%99%E5%B1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美国的人口资料局（页面不存在）">美国的人口资料局</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_Reference_Bureau" class="extiw" title="en:Population Reference Bureau">Population Reference Bureau</a>）則預測，到2050年的时候，英国的人口将达7,700万。超过德国和法国，成为俄罗斯以外整个欧洲人口最多的国家<a href="#cite_note-270">[256]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="语言">语言</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=50" title="编辑章节：语言">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英式英語">英式英語</a></div> 英國名義上沒有官方語言，實際上<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>為主要語言<a href="#cite_note-direct.gov.uk-271">[257]</a><a href="#cite_note-thecommonwealth.org-272">[258]</a>。據估計，95％的英國居民以是英语的单语使用者<a href="#cite_note-BBC_languages-273">[259]</a>，还有5.5％的新移民会讲自己的民族语言，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="華語">華語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%A4%E8%AF%AD" title="粤语">粤语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E8%AF%AD" title="孟加拉语">孟加拉语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="印地语">印地语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E9%81%AE%E6%99%AE%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="旁遮普语">旁遮普语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="乌尔都语">乌尔都语</a><a href="#cite_note-274">[260]</a>。英国是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>以外<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%9C%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="印地语">印地语</a>使用者最多的地方。根据2011年的人口普查，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" title="波兰语">波兰语</a>已成为英格兰的第二大语言，有546,000人使用<a href="#cite_note-275">[261]</a>。2019 年，大约一百万人中仅有不到一人不会或几乎不会说英语<a href="#cite_note-276">[262]</a>。 英国使用三种土著<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD%E6%97%8F" title="凯尔特语族">凯尔特语</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E8%AF%AD" title="威尔士语">威尔士语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="愛爾蘭語">爱尔兰语</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%9B%96%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%AD" title="苏格兰盖尔语">苏格兰盖尔语</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%E8%AA%9E" title="康瓦爾語">康沃尔语</a>作为第一语言（即母语）已在18世纪后期绝迹，目前正在努力复兴，并且有一小群人将其作为第二语言使用<a href="#cite_note-277">[263]</a>。根据2021年的人口普查，威尔士三岁及以上的威尔士语人口为538,300人（占17.8%）<a href="#cite_note-:7-278">[264]</a>。此外，据估计约有 200,000 名讲威尔士语的人居住在英格兰<a href="#cite_note-:7-278">[264]</a>。在北爱尔兰2011年的人口普查中，有167,487 人（10.4%）表示他们有“一些爱尔兰语知识”（参见北爱尔兰的爱尔兰语），不过他们几乎全是民族主义者（主要是天主教徒）。苏格兰有超过92,000人（不到总人口的2%）会讲一点盖尔语，其中 72% 居住在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%BA%95%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="外赫布里底群岛">外赫布里底群岛</a><a href="#cite_note-279">[265]</a>。现在英国学习威尔士语或苏格兰盖尔语的儿童人数正在增加<a href="#cite_note-280">[266]</a>。在移民后裔人群中，一些苏格兰盖尔语仍在加拿大使用（主要是<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E8%88%8D%E7%9C%81" title="新斯科舍省">新斯科舍省</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%9B%B7%E9%A1%BF%E8%A7%92%E5%B2%9B" title="布雷顿角岛">布雷顿角岛</a>）<a href="#cite_note-281">[267]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7" title="阿根廷">阿根廷</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%A1%94%E5%93%A5%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="巴塔哥尼亞">巴塔哥尼亚</a>也有一定的威尔士语人群<a href="#cite_note-282">[268]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%AF%AD" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="苏格兰语">苏格兰语</a>则是一种起源于早期北部中古英语的语言，与其区域变体北爱尔兰的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="阿爾斯特蘇格蘭語">阿尔斯特苏格兰语</a>得到的认可有限，没有具体的保护和推广措施。 过去由于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>的扩张，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="英语">英语</a>已是最多國家與地區使用的官方語言、是<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="世界">世界</a>上学习最普遍的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="语言">语言</a>，地理分布最广的语言。在各領域皆有英語的存在，並产生了许多英语方言，英語是被普遍承认的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80" title="世界語言">世界语言</a>，甚至已成為不同語言使用者交流時第一順位使用的語言<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrystal2003a6-283">[269]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardhaugh201055-284">[270]</a>。 在英格蘭，學生必須學習第二語言，直到14歲<a href="#cite_note-285">[271]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="法語">法語</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="德語">德語</a>是英格蘭和蘇格蘭的兩種最常教授的第二語言。威爾士的所有學生都可允許<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="威爾士語">威爾士語</a>作為第二語言的教育<a href="#cite_note-286">[272]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="城市">城市</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=51" title="编辑章节：城市">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英國城市列表">英國城市列表</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="英國都市人口排名">英國都市人口排名</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84339893">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float: left;height:2.6em;"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Largest_Urban_Areas_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Largest Urban Areas of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Largest_Urban_Areas_of_the_United_Kingdom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Largest Urban Areas of the United Kingdom（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Largest_Urban_Areas_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Largest Urban Areas of the United Kingdom"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;">英國最大城市排名 <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/2011%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%99%AE%E6%9F%A5" title="2011年英國人口普查">2011人口普查</a><a href="#cite_note-287">[273]</a><a href="#cite_note-288">[274]</a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%88%87%E5%9F%8E%E9%8E%AE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D" title="英國城市與城鎮人口排名">排名</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英國城市列表">名称</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E5%90%88%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="英國組合城市">都會區</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%88%87%E5%9F%8E%E9%8E%AE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D" title="英國城市與城鎮人口排名"> 人口</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%88%87%E5%9F%8E%E9%8E%AE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D" title="英國城市與城鎮人口排名">排名</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英國城市列表">名称</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E5%90%88%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82" title="英國組合城市">都會區</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E8%88%87%E5%9F%8E%E9%8E%AE%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D" title="英國城市與城鎮人口排名"> 人口</a></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="伦敦"><img alt="伦敦" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg/120px-London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg/180px-London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg/240px-London_from_a_hot_air_balloon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3816" data-file-height="2592" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="曼彻斯特"><img alt="曼彻斯特" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg/120px-Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg/180px-Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg/240px-Birmingham_Skyline_from_Bartley_Green.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="曼彻斯特">曼彻斯特</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大伦敦">大伦敦</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,787,426</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%B0%94" title="布里斯托尔">布里斯托尔</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布里斯托尔都会区（页面不存在）">布里斯托尔都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">579,554 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/File:Manchester_from_the_Sky,_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="伯明翰"><img alt="伯明翰" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg/120px-Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg/180px-Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg/240px-Manchester_from_the_Sky%2C_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BF%B0" title="伯明翰">伯明翰</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Leedsnight.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="利兹"><img alt="利兹" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Leedsnight.jpg/120px-Leedsnight.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Leedsnight.jpg/180px-Leedsnight.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Leedsnight.jpg/240px-Leedsnight.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="636" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="利兹">利兹</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="曼彻斯特">曼彻斯特</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1" title="大曼徹斯特郡">大曼彻斯特都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,553,379</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">512,150 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BF%B0" title="伯明翰">伯明翰</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%B0" title="西米德兰">西米德兰兹都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,440,986</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="莱斯特">莱斯特</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="莱斯特都会区（页面不存在）">莱斯特都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">508,916 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="利兹">利兹</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E7%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西约克郡都会区（页面不存在）">西约克郡都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,777,934</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="贝尔法斯特">贝尔法斯特</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝尔法斯特都会区（页面不存在）">贝尔法斯特都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">474,485 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="格拉斯哥">格拉斯哥</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="大格拉斯哥">大格拉斯哥</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">958,290</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%B5%96%E9%A1%BF%E5%92%8C%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="布赖顿和霍夫">布赖顿和霍夫</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E5%A4%9A%E5%A1%9E%E7%89%B9%E9%83%A1%E7%B5%84%E5%90%88%E9%83%BD%E5%B8%82" title="東南多塞特郡組合都市">多塞特都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">474,485 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6" title="利物浦">利物浦</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利物浦都会区（页面不存在）">利物浦都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">864,122</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF" title="伯恩茅斯">伯恩茅斯</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E8%8C%85%E6%96%AF%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伯恩茅斯都会区（页面不存在）">伯恩茅斯都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">466,266 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%89%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="南安普顿">南安普顿</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%99%AE%E9%83%A1" title="漢普郡">汉普郡</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">855,569</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AB" title="加的夫">加的夫</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AB%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="加的夫都会区（页面不存在）">加的夫都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">390,214 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%81%A9%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E7%BA%BD%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94" title="泰恩河畔纽卡斯尔">纽卡斯尔</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%81%A9%E8%B3%BD%E5%BE%B7" title="泰恩賽德">泰恩赛德</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">774,891</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E4%BC%AF%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="米德爾斯伯勒">米德尔斯伯勒</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E5%A1%9E%E6%96%AF%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提塞斯都会区（页面不存在）">提塞斯都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">376,633 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81%E6%B1%89" title="诺丁汉">诺丁汉</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AF%BA%E4%B8%81%E6%B1%89%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="诺丁汉都会区（页面不存在）">诺丁汉都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">729,977</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%80%AB%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B" title="特倫特河畔斯托克">特倫特河畔斯托克</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯托克都会区（页面不存在）">斯托克都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">372,775 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7" title="谢菲尔德">谢菲尔德</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B0%A2%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="谢菲尔德都会区（页面不存在）">谢菲尔德都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">685,368</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E5%9E%82" title="考文垂">考文垂</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E5%9E%82%E9%83%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%8C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="考文垂都会区（页面不存在）">考文垂都会区</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">359,262 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="宗教">宗教</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=52" title="编辑章节：宗教">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg/150px-Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg/225px-Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg/300px-Westminster_Abbey_-_West_Door.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>歷任<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="英國君主">英國君主</a>皆於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%AF%BA" title="西敏寺">西敏寺</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%A0%E5%86%95%E7%A4%BC" title="英国君主加冕礼">加冕</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="英國宗教">英國宗教</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="英國國教">英國國教</a></div> 公元7世纪，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BC%A0%E6%95%99%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="凯尔特传教运动">凯尔特传教运动</a>的影响下，英格兰地区<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%8C%96" title="基督教化">基督教化</a><a href="#cite_note-289">[275]</a>。1533年，为了扶正<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A6%AE%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%9E%97" title="安妮·博林">安妮·博林</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%96" title="亨利八世">亨利八世</a>与教宗决裂，英国国会立法宣布脱离<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%95%99%E5%BB%B7" title="羅馬教廷">罗马教廷</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" title="英格蘭教會">英格兰教会</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%97" title="聖公宗">圣公会</a>成为英国国教。不过由于亨利的宗教改革仅是为了取得离婚的合法性，圣公会一切教义、体制都与旧教相差不大，因此圣公宗又被称为“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="天主教會">旧教</a>”<a href="#cite_note-290">[276]</a>。亨利之后的几位英国君主都积极推进新教改革，使英国成为多个重要的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%95%99" title="新教">新教</a>教派的发源地：<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%96%E8%81%96%E5%85%AC%E5%AE%97" title="普世聖公宗">普世圣公会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E7%90%86%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="公理会">公理会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B8%E4%BF%A1%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="浸信会">浸信会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%AA%BC%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="公誼會">公谊会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AA%E9%81%93%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="循道公会">循道公会</a>－<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E7%90%86%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="卫理公会">卫理公会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%91%E4%B8%96%E5%86%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="救世军">救世军</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%9F%E5%85%84%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="弟兄会">弟兄会</a>等。18世纪和19世纪，英国曾经是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a>多次属灵基督教复兴运动中心和海外<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="传教">传教</a>的重要基地，诞生过<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="约翰·卫斯理">约翰·卫斯理</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%87%B7%E7%89%B9%E8%85%93" title="喬治·懷特腓">怀特腓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9C%E7%BB%B4%E5%BB%89" class="mw-redirect" title="卜维廉">卜维廉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%90%86%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89" class="mw-redirect" title="克理威廉">克理威廉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E7%A4%BC%E9%80%8A" title="马礼逊">马礼逊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E7%A7%98" class="mw-redirect" title="达秘">达秘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%BE%B7%E7%94%9F" title="戴德生">戴德生</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E6%96%87%E6%96%AF%E9%80%9A" title="戴维·利文斯通">李文斯敦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BE%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E5%B8%88%E6%AF%8D" title="宾路易师母">宾路易师母</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E7%99%BE%E5%85%8B" title="史百克">史百克</a>等众多著名基督教徒。 2001年人口调查数据显示：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督宗教">基督宗教</a>的信徒佔總人口的71.6%。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>佔2.7%。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a>佔1%。其他佔1.6%。「不明/無教人士」佔23.1%<a href="#cite_note-factbook-26">[17]</a>。其他宗教还包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%B6%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="猶太教">猶太教</a>等<a href="#cite_note-mt20120313-291">[277]</a>。2007年调查显示：基督教信徒佔總人口的64%。伊斯兰教佔4%。不同歲數的群體在信仰方面有不同的趨勢。受訪者年齡越大，承認有宗教信仰的比率便越高<a href="#cite_note-292">[278]</a>。英格兰和威尔士2011年人口调查数据显示：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="基督宗教">基督宗教</a>信徒佔總人口的59.3%。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a>佔4.8%。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a>佔1.5%。无宗教25%<a href="#cite_note-293">[279]</a>。2001年至2011年人口普查期间，信奉基督教的人数减少了12%，而报告没有宗教信仰的人数比例翻了一番。这与其他主要宗教团体类别信徒数量的增长形成了鲜明对比，其中穆斯林人数增长幅度最大，英国穆斯林数量已占全国人口的约5%<a href="#cite_note-294">[280]</a>。 2012年3月英国君主<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%B8%BD%E8%8E%8E%E7%99%BD%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="伊丽莎白二世">伊丽莎白二世</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E6%9F%8F%E5%AE%AB" title="兰柏宫">兰柏宫</a>的演說中表示“<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%95%99%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="英國國教會">聖公會</a>的理念偶爾被誤解”<a href="#cite_note-mt20120313-291">[277]</a>。 2016年穆斯林約佔英國人口6.3%，預料入境移民和穆斯林的較高生育率將推動穆斯林人口比例繼續增長<a href="#cite_note-295">[281]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="教育">教育</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=53" title="编辑章节：教育">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="英国教育">英国教育</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="英国大学">英国大学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="英國大學列表">英國大學列表</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg/200px-KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg/300px-KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg/400px-KingsCollegeChapelWest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%91%E6%A1%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="剑桥大学国王学院">國王學院</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E6%A9%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="劍橋大學">劍橋大學</a>的一部分，於1441年成立</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="英国教育">英国教育</a>也遵循<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%83%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="权力下放">权力下放</a>体制。在联合王国各个组成国家中，教育系统各不相同，也由不同政府监管：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">英国政府</a>负责英格兰地区的教育，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="威爾斯政府">威尔士政府</a>负责威尔士地区的教育，<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="蘇格蘭政府">苏格兰政府</a>负责苏格兰地区的教育，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="北爱尔兰行政局">北爱尔兰行政局</a>负责北爱尔兰地区的教育。<a href="#cite_note-296">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-297">[283]</a>儘管權力下放，但各構成國之間的教育系統還是有許多相似之處；英國學童通常於五歲入學，十六歲參加普通程度證書考試（GCSE）或蘇格蘭標準成績證書考試，十八歲參加高級程度證書考試（GCE A-level）或蘇格蘭進階證書考試。他們大多到大學或其他高等教育學院繼續進修。<a href="#cite_note-298">[284]</a> 英国的<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%B4%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="牛津大学">牛津大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%91%E6%A1%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="剑桥大学">剑桥大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="伦敦帝国学院">伦敦帝国学院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="伦敦政治经济学院">伦敦政治经济学院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="伦敦大学学院">伦敦大学学院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="爱丁堡大学">爱丁堡大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="伦敦国王学院">伦敦国王学院</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="曼徹斯特大學">曼徹斯特大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E4%BC%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="杜伦大学">杜伦大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="圣安德鲁斯大学">圣安德鲁斯大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%89%E6%99%AE%E9%A0%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="南安普頓大學">南安普顿大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="卡迪夫大学">卡迪夫大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="华威大学">华威大学</a>等大學位於世界顶尖大学的行列。<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="兰卡斯特大学">兰卡斯特大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="利兹大学">利兹大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="利物浦大學">利物浦大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%87%8C%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="萨里大学">萨里大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="約克大學 (英國)">约克大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="艾希特大學">艾希特大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%A1%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="艾塞克斯大學">艾塞克斯大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E5%A0%A1%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="拉夫堡大学">拉夫堡大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="布里斯托大學">布里斯托大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="萊斯特大學">萊斯特大學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E6%98%8E%E7%BF%B0%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="伯明翰大学">伯明翰大学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E4%B8%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="雷丁大学">雷丁大学</a>等也是世界一流的著名学府。 這些大學为英国以至全世界培养了众多著名的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="科学家">科学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="文学家">文学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="政治家">政治家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88" title="工程师">工程师</a>，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E7%89%9B%E9%A1%BF" title="艾萨克·牛顿">艾萨克·牛顿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E8%8E%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="雪莱">雪莱</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="查尔斯·达尔文">查尔斯·达尔文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BD%97%C2%B7%E7%8B%84%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="保罗·狄拉克">保罗·狄拉克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="诺曼·福斯特">诺曼·福斯特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E9%87%91" title="史蒂芬·霍金">史蒂芬·霍金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="约瑟夫·李斯特">约瑟夫·李斯特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%AF%86" title="亚当·斯密">亚当·斯密</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="詹姆斯·瓦特">詹姆斯·瓦特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%B1%A4%E5%A7%86%E5%AD%99" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·汤姆孙">約瑟夫·汤姆逊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%B7%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E7%BB%B4%E7%89%B9%E6%A0%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="路德维希·维特根斯坦">路德维希·维特根斯坦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E8%8E%B1%E6%98%8E" title="亚历山大·弗莱明">亚历山大·弗莱明</a>等等。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="醫療">醫療</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=54" title="编辑章节：醫療">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg/200px-Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg/300px-Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg/400px-Royal_Aberdeen_Children%27s_Hospital.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>蘇格蘭皇家亞伯丁兒童醫院</figcaption></figure> 英国拥有较高的医疗水平，从1981年起，英国人的预期寿命逐年提高，2017年至2019年，预期寿命为男性79.4岁，女性83.1岁<a href="#cite_note-299">[285]</a>。 英国的医疗保健也遵循权力下放体系，每个构成国都有私人和公共的医疗保健系统。公共医保向所有英国<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E5%B1%85%E7%95%99%E6%AC%8A" title="永久居留權">永久居民</a>提供，并且在绝大部分时候是免费的，这部分医疗经费的来源为常规税收。不过，在公立医疗制度里，病人非紧急下必须先看家庭医生<a href="#cite_note-300">[286]</a>，医生作出专业决定认为有需要才可去看专科医生，以让资源合理使用，而有紧急情况的病人通常先去急症专科急症室。目前公立医疗专科医生最长轮候时间达一个月，被认为等待时间过长。2000年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%8D%AB%E7%94%9F%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="世界卫生组织">世界卫生组织</a>将英国的医疗保健提供情况评为欧洲第15位、世界第18位<a href="#cite_note-301">[287]</a>。 二战后在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="马歇尔计划">马歇尔计划</a>的援助下，欧洲各国纷纷开始建设<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="福利國家">福利国家</a>。英国自1979经济复苏以来，医疗保健支出大幅增加<a href="#cite_note-302">[288]</a>。根据2018年<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="经济合作与发展组织">经合组织</a>的数据，英国人均医疗保健支出为3,121英镑<a href="#cite_note-303">[289]</a>。 医疗监管机构在全国范围内都有设立，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E7%B8%BD%E6%9C%83" title="醫學總會">医学总会</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86%E5%92%8C%E5%8A%A9%E4%BA%A7%E5%A3%AB%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="护理和助产士委员会（页面不存在）">护理与助产委员会</a>等，还有如<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="皇家学会">皇家学院</a>等非政府机构。医疗保健的政策和运营责任分别由四个构成国的行政部门负责。每个构成国的卫生服务机构都相应有不同的政策和优先事项<a href="#cite_note-304">[290]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化">文化</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=55" title="编辑章节：文化">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="英國文化">英國文化</a></div> 英國文化受其<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主</a>的议会制政体、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%B6%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="島國">島國</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="英國宗教">宗教</a>等等因素影響。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>由<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威爾士">威爾士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>四地區組成，四地區都有獨自的風俗和象征。傳統上英國并不屬於歐洲，但欧洲文化也很大程度上地影響到了英國，二者綜合發展，是<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="西方文化">西方文化</a>的重要组成。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="英國文學">英國文學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="英國音樂">音樂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="英國電影">電影</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國藝術（页面不存在）">藝術</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%88%B2%E5%8A%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國戲劇（页面不存在）">戲劇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="英国媒体">媒體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96" title="英國電視">電視</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="英國哲學">哲學</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國建築（页面不存在）">建築</a>都具有世界性的影響力。在历史上诞生了如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="威廉·莎士比亚">莎士比亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E4%BC%A6%E5%8B%8B%E7%88%B5" title="拜伦勋爵">拜伦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="亨利·摩尔">摩爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E7%8B%84%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" title="查尔斯·狄更斯">狄更斯</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%83%E6%9C%97%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%89%E5%A7%90%E5%A6%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="勃朗特三姐妹">布兰克特三姐妹</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="蓋斯凱爾夫人">盖斯凯尔夫人</a>等著名的文学家和艺术家。運動也是英國文化重要組成部份之一，其是许多運動的發源地，包括本國最流行的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83" title="足球">足球</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E8%81%94%E8%B5%9B" title="英格兰足球超级联赛">英超联赛</a>就是世界重要足球联赛之一。英國因此也被描述為“文化大國”，<a href="#cite_note-305">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-306">[292]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="倫敦">倫敦</a>也由此成爲了世界文化中心之一。<a href="#cite_note-307">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-308">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-309">[295]</a><a href="#cite_note-310">[296]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="文学">文学</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=56" title="编辑章节：文学">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="英国文学">英国文学</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="英國文學">英國文學</a>或不列顛文學（British literature）是指英國的文學作品。其文學發展繼承了先前的蘇格蘭及英格蘭文學傳統，包括一些早期的<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E7%88%BE%E7%89%B9%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="凱爾特語">凱爾特語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%AD%AF-%E6%92%92%E5%85%8B%E9%81%9C%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="盎格魯-撒克遜藝術">盎格魯-撒克遜文學</a>。歷史上，英國在不同時期包括了<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威爾士">威爾士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">曼島</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="海峡群岛">海峡群岛</a>等地，所以英國文學除英語作品之外，也涵蓋了多種語言的文學<a href="#cite_note-311">[297]</a>。而“English literature”這個概念雖有“英格蘭文學”的意思，但通常是指英語文學，包括了歷史上來自愛爾蘭、印度、澳大利亞等地使用英語寫作的作家創作的作品。英國文學和英語文學之間重疊的部分很多，但彼此並不相同；蘇格蘭文學、威爾士文學也一般算作獨立的重要學科<a href="#cite_note-312">[298]</a>。通常提到英國文學時，大部分人首先想到的是英格蘭的英語文學。一般认为，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="莎士比亚">莎士比亚</a>的剧本是英国文学中最优秀的作品，也是最经常被引用的作品。 18世紀早期的英國文學稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E9%83%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="奥古斯都文学">奧古斯都文學</a>。這一時期的詩作都很正式（例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%C2%B7%E8%92%B2%E6%9F%8F" title="亚历山大·蒲柏">亞歷山大·蒲柏</a>），<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英語小說（页面不存在）">英語小說</a>也開始流行起來，出現了<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%AC%9B%E7%A6%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="丹尼爾·笛福">丹尼爾·笛福</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E6%BF%B1%E9%81%9C%E6%BC%82%E6%B5%81%E8%A8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="魯濱遜漂流記">魯濱遜漂流記</a>》、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%81" title="亨利·菲尔丁">亨利·菲爾丁</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E7%93%8A%E6%96%AF_(%E5%B0%8F%E8%AA%AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="湯姆·瓊斯 (小說)">湯姆·瓊斯</a>》以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%B9%86%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E6%A3%AE" title="塞繆爾·理查森">塞繆爾·理查森</a>的《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%A2%85%E6%8B%89" title="帕梅拉">帕梅拉</a>》。 到18世紀晚期，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AA%E6%BC%AB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="浪漫主义文学">浪漫主義文學</a>興起，<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%97%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="通俗小说">通俗小說</a>（vernacular literature）開始流行。蘇格蘭詩人<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF" title="羅伯特·伯恩斯">羅伯特·彭斯</a>復興了<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="蘇格蘭語">蘇格蘭語</a>文學，在威爾士，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%89%BE%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%B9%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="艾羅·莫干（页面不存在）">艾羅·莫干</a>復興了傳統的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A4%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%9A_(%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8)" title="群英会 (俱乐部)">群英會</a>（eisteddfod）。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="維多利亞時代">維多利亞時代</a>是英國<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="现实主义文学">現實主義文學</a>的黃金時期，代表作家有<a href="/wiki/%E7%B0%A1%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="簡·奧斯丁">簡·奧斯丁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%B1%B3%E8%8E%89%C2%B7%E5%8B%83%E6%9C%97%E7%89%B9" title="艾米莉·勃朗特">艾米莉·勃朗特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%B4%9B%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%8B%83%E6%9C%97%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="夏洛特·勃朗特">夏洛特·勃朗特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%84%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="狄更斯">狄更斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%A2%85%E5%85%8B%E6%AF%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A" title="威廉·梅克比斯·薩克萊">威廉·薩克雷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E7%95%A5%E7%89%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="喬治·艾略特">喬治·艾略特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E4%BB%A3" title="托马斯·哈代">托馬斯·哈代</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第一次世界大戰">第一次世界大戰</a>使得英國出現了一批戰爭詩人和作家，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%AD%90%E6%96%87" title="威爾弗雷德·歐文">威爾弗雷德·歐文</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%A0%BC%E5%A4%AB%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E6%9D%BE" title="西格夫里·萨松">西格夫里·萨松</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF" title="罗伯特·格雷夫斯">罗伯特·格雷夫斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E5%85%8B" title="鲁伯特·布鲁克">鲁伯特·布鲁克</a>，他們以描寫自己在戰壕中的經歷而出名。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="戏剧">戏剧</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=57" title="编辑章节：戏剧">编辑</a>]</div> 英國劇場一向興盛，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E5%A3%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="莎士比亞">莎士比亞</a>與其同時代作家<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E6%B4%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="克里斯托夫·馬洛">克里斯托夫·馬洛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%C2%B7%E7%90%BC%E6%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="本·琼森">本·琼森</a>為早期英國劇場帶來了深度。近現代的著名劇作家則有<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%93%81%E7%89%B9" title="哈罗德·品特">哈罗德·品特</a>、大衛·海爾（David Hare）、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%AF%E5%A7%86%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%B8%95%E5%BE%B7" title="湯姆·斯托帕德">汤姆·斯托帕德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E8%AC%9D%E5%BC%97" title="彼得·謝弗">彼得·謝弗</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8E%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E6%81%A9" title="莎拉·肯恩">莎拉·肯恩</a>和馬丁·麥當諾（Martin McDonagh）等等。 當代最著名的英國舞台劇導演首推<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B" title="彼得·布魯克">彼得·布魯克</a>，著作《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E7%9A%84%E7%A9%BA%E9%96%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空的空間（页面不存在）">空的空間</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Empty_Space" class="extiw" title="en:The Empty Space">The Empty Space</a>）》為劇場經典書籍之一。最為人熟知的英國舞台劇演員則公認是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%88%A9%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94" title="劳伦斯·奥利维尔">劳伦斯·奥利维尔</a>。 17世纪著名的剧作家<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="格奥尔格·弗里德里希·亨德尔">乔治·弗雷德里希·亨德尔</a>（德国人，但后加入英国籍）对英国戏剧发展做出了很大的贡献，他曾经参与过小提琴，双簧管风琴（oboe organ）等音乐演奏。亨德尔生于1685年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>，1702年毕业于<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%8B%92%E6%B2%B3%E7%95%94%E5%93%88%E9%9B%B7" title="萨勒河畔哈雷">哈雷</a>的德国音乐学院，1707年曾在意大利定居并且开始学习戏剧表演，1712年亨德尔在英格兰定居，加入了北爱尔兰王家乐队。1728-1737年，他成功创建自己的戏剧演奏公司并为爱尔兰贵族进行音乐表演，1759年于英格兰去世。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="视觉艺术">视觉艺术</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=58" title="编辑章节：视觉艺术">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turner_selfportrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Turner_selfportrait.jpg/170px-Turner_selfportrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Turner_selfportrait.jpg/255px-Turner_selfportrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Turner_selfportrait.jpg/340px-Turner_selfportrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3601" data-file-height="4622" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%8E%9B%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E7%BA%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·玛罗德·威廉·特纳">透纳</a>自画像，油画，1799</figcaption></figure> 英国视觉艺术史在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2" title="西方美术史">西方美术史</a>上非常重要。英国重要的艺术家有：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AA%E6%BC%AB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="浪漫主义">浪漫主义</a>运动中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B" title="威廉·布莱克">威廉·布莱克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%BA%B7%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%83" title="约翰·康斯特勃">约翰·康斯特勃</a>，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%9E%E7%BC%AA%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%94%E9%BB%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塞缪尔·帕尔默（页面不存在）">塞缪尔·帕尔默</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Palmer" class="extiw" title="en:Samuel Palmer">Samuel Palmer</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E7%8E%9B%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E7%BA%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="约瑟夫·玛罗德·威廉·特纳">透纳</a>；<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%BA%E5%83%8F%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="人像画家（页面不存在）">人像画家</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portrait_painting" class="extiw" title="en:Portrait painting">Portrait painting</a>）<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E6%9B%B8%E4%BA%9E%C2%B7%E9%9B%B7%E8%AB%BE%E8%8C%B2" title="約書亞·雷諾茲">约书亚·雷诺兹</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7" title="盧西安·弗洛伊德">卢西安·弗洛伊德</a>；风景画家<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%BA%9A%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%9A%E7%BE%85" title="托馬斯·庚斯博羅">托马斯·庚斯博罗</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E8%8A%AC%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E7%91%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劳伦斯·斯蒂芬·劳瑞（页面不存在）">劳伦斯·斯蒂芬·劳瑞</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Stephen_Lowry" class="extiw" title="en:Laurence Stephen Lowry">Laurence Stephen Lowry</a>）；<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E5%B7%A5%E8%89%BA%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="艺术与工艺运动">艺术与工艺运动</a>先锋<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF" title="威廉·莫里斯">威廉·莫里斯</a>；风格怪诞的画家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%9F%B9%E6%A0%B9_(%E7%94%BB%E5%AE%B6)" class="mw-redirect" title="弗兰西斯·培根 (画家)">弗朗西斯·培根</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%99%AE%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="波普艺术">波普艺术</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E5%93%88%E5%AF%86%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93_(%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%AE%B6)" title="理查德·哈密爾頓 (藝術家)">理查德·哈密尔顿</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E8%8E%B1%E5%85%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="彼得·布莱克">彼得·布莱克</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%BC" title="大卫·霍克尼">大卫·霍克尼</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%82%E5%BF%B5%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="观念艺术">观念艺术</a>先锋<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" title="艺术与语言">艺术与语言</a>团体；<a href="#cite_note-313">[299]</a> 双人组合<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%8E%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吉尔伯特与乔治（页面不存在）">吉尔伯特与乔治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_and_George" class="extiw" title="en:Gilbert and George">Gilbert and George</a>）；<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%BD%E8%B1%A1%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="抽象藝術">抽象艺术</a>先锋<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9C%8D%E5%8D%8E%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%A5%87%E9%87%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="霍华德·霍奇金（页面不存在）">霍华德·霍奇金</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Hodgkin" class="extiw" title="en:Howard Hodgkin">Howard Hodgkin</a>），雕塑家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%9C%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E8%91%9B%E5%A7%86%E9%9B%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="安东尼·葛姆雷（页面不存在）">安东尼·葛姆雷</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antony_Gormley" class="extiw" title="en:Antony Gormley">Antony Gormley</a>）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%BD%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%99%AE%E7%88%BE" title="安尼施·卡普爾">安尼施·卡普尔</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="亨利·摩尔">亨利·摩尔</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%99%A2" title="皇家艺术研究院">皇家艺术研究院</a>一直是推进英国视觉艺术发展的重要机构。在英国重要的艺术院校有：<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="倫敦藝術大學">伦敦艺术大学</a>六校，包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E5%9C%A3%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院">中央圣马丁艺术与设计学院</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%87%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E8%88%87%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="切爾西藝術與設計學院">切尔西艺术与设计学院</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E9%87%91%E5%8C%A0%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="倫敦大學金匠學院">伦敦大学金匠学院</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="伦敦大学学院">伦敦大学学院</a>下属的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="斯莱德美术学院">斯莱德美术学院</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="格拉斯哥藝術學院">格拉斯哥艺术学院</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="皇家艺术学院">皇家艺术学院</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E6%B4%A5%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="牛津大学">牛津大学</a>下属的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E9%87%91%E7%BE%8E%E8%A1%93%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="拉斯金美術學校">拉斯金美术学校</a>；艺术史教育重镇<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%99%B6%E5%BE%B7%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" title="科陶德藝術學院">科陶德艺术学院</a>。 英国重要的美术馆有：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BE%8E%E6%9C%AF%E9%A6%86_(%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6)" title="国家美术馆 (伦敦)">国家美术馆</a>，国家肖像馆，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="泰特不列颠">泰特不列颠</a>和世界上游客访问量最高的现代美术馆<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E7%89%B9%E7%8F%BE%E4%BB%A3%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E9%A4%A8" title="泰特現代藝術館">泰特现代艺术馆</a>。<a href="#cite_note-314">[300]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="体育">体育</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=59" title="编辑章节：体育">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2" title="英國體育">英国体育</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wembley_Stadium,_illuminated.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg/220px-Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg/330px-Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg/440px-Wembley_Stadium%2C_illuminated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="428" /></a><figcaption>倫敦的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B8%83%E5%88%A9%E7%90%83%E5%9C%BA" title="温布利球场">溫布利球場</a>，是有史以來造價最昂貴的體育場館之一</figcaption></figure> 英國是體育大國，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83" title="足球">足球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="馬球">馬球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E6%A9%84%E6%AC%96%E7%90%83" class="mw-redirect" title="英式橄欖球">英式橄欖球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E7%90%83" title="板球">板球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%BD%E6%AF%9B%E7%90%83" title="羽毛球">羽毛球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%92%E4%B9%93%E7%90%83" title="乒乓球">乒乓球</a>等運動均起源於英國。其中足球為英國的第一運動，尤其在英格蘭，蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭地區，國家足球代表隊往往是民眾最為在意以及支持的運動團隊。足球及橄欖球亦不單被民眾，政府乃至皇室視作單一的體育運動，更加被視為整個國家、民族的文化象徵之一，<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰足球代表队">英格兰男足</a>在1966大获成功，首次获得世界杯冠军，并在<a href="/wiki/2020%E5%B9%B4%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E9%8C%A6%E6%A8%99%E8%B3%BD" title="2020年歐洲足球錦標賽">2021年</a>及<a href="/wiki/2024%E5%B9%B4%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E9%94%A6%E6%A0%87%E8%B5%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="2024年欧洲足球锦标赛">2024年</a>连续两次打入欧洲杯决赛；青年队在世界杯和欧锦赛也有良好的表现。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E4%BB%A3%E8%A1%A8%E9%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰女子足球代表队">英格兰女子足球代表队</a>不仅是世界上最古老的女子足球国家队，也是近年<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a>进步最快的女子足球队之一，在世界杯季军和殿军取冠失败后，并在<a href="/wiki/2022%E5%B9%B4%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E9%8C%A6%E6%A8%99%E8%B3%BD" title="2022年歐洲女子足球錦標賽">2022年女子欧洲杯</a>获得首座国际赛事，并在<a href="/w/index.php?title=2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%A5%B3%E5%AD%90%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%EF%BC%8D%E5%8D%97%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%86%A0%E5%86%9B%E6%9D%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023年女子欧洲－南美洲冠军杯（页面不存在）">2023年女子欧洲－南美洲冠军杯</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_Finalissima" class="extiw" title="en:Women's Finalissima">Women's Finalissima</a>）获得第二座重要赛事，也在女足世界杯上获得亚军。 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E8%81%AF%E8%B3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭足球超級聯賽">英格蘭足球超級聯賽</a>亦是世界上最為成功的體育聯盟之一，聯盟中有<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="曼聯">曼聯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%99%E5%A5%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="阿仙奴">阿仙奴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8A%E8%B7%AF%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="車路士">車路士</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%89%A9%E6%B5%A6%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="利物浦足球俱乐部">利物浦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%9F%8E%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8" title="曼彻斯特城足球俱乐部">曼城</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E7%89%B9%E7%BA%B3%E5%A7%86%E7%83%AD%E5%88%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="托特纳姆热刺">托特納姆熱刺</a>等歐洲著名球會。而<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E6%BB%A1%E8%B4%AF" class="mw-disambig" title="四大满贯">四大滿貫</a>之一的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%B8%83%E9%A0%93%E7%B6%B2%E7%90%83%E5%85%AC%E9%96%8B%E8%B3%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="溫布頓網球公開賽">溫布頓網球公開賽</a>亦會每年於溫布頓舉行。 倫敦是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="夏季奧林匹克運動會">夏季奧林匹克運動會</a>舉辦最多次的城市，<a href="/wiki/1908%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="1908年夏季奥林匹克运动会">1908年</a>和<a href="/wiki/1948%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E4%BC%9A" title="1948年夏季奥林匹克运动会">1948年</a>後，倫敦於2012年第三次取得夏季奧運舉辦權。英国在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%8C%B9%E5%85%8B%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="夏季奧林匹克運動會">夏季奧林匹克運動會</a>在累积获得847枚奖牌（263金295银289铜），位列欧洲第1，世界第3。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="哲学思想">哲学思想</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=60" title="编辑章节：哲学思想">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Locke.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/170px-John_Locke.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/255px-John_Locke.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/John_Locke.jpg/340px-John_Locke.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption>由<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%BC%97%E9%9B%B7%C2%B7%E5%86%85%E5%8B%92" title="戈弗雷·内勒">戈弗雷·内勒</a>于1697年创作的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B" title="约翰·洛克">约翰·洛克</a>肖像</figcaption></figure> 英国以传统的“<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="经验主义">英国经验主义</a>”和“苏格兰哲学”（有时被称为“<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%B8%B8%E8%AF%86%E5%AD%A6%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰常识学派（页面不存在）">苏格兰常识学派</a>”）而闻名<a href="#cite_note-315">[301]</a>，“英国经验主义”是哲学知识的一个分支，认为只有经过实践验证的知识才是有效的<a href="#cite_note-316">[302]</a>。英国经验主义最著名的哲学家有<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B" title="约翰·洛克">约翰·洛克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E8%B4%9D%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1" title="乔治·贝克莱">乔治·贝克莱</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E4%BC%91%E8%B0%9F" title="大卫·休谟">大卫·休谟</a>；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="杜格尔德·斯图尔特">杜格尔德·斯图尔特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7" title="托马斯·里德">托马斯·里德</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%B1%89%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF_(%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%AE%98)" title="威廉·汉密尔顿 (外交官)">威廉·汉密尔顿</a>是苏格兰“常识”学派的主要代表。两位英国人：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E9%87%8C%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E8%BE%B9%E6%B2%81" title="杰里米·边沁">杰里米·边沁</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%94" title="约翰·斯图尔特·密尔">约翰·斯图尔特·密尔</a>也因<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9F%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="功利主義">功利主义</a>伦理理论（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="伦理学">伦理学</a>的一个分支）而闻名。这个理论首先由边沁提出，后来由密尔在自己的短篇著作<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%88%E7%9B%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="效益主義 (書)">《效益主义》</a>中使用<a href="#cite_note-317">[303]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="思想家">思想家</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=61" title="编辑章节：思想家">编辑</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B" title="约翰·洛克">约翰·洛克</a>，近代提出<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%B3%A6%E4%BA%BA%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="天賦人權">天賦人權</a>政治哲學家。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94" title="托马斯·莫尔">托马斯·莫尔</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%83%B3%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="空想社会主义">空想社会主义</a>的代表人物。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%AC%A7%E6%96%87" title="罗伯特·欧文">罗伯特·欧文</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%83%B3%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="空想社会主义">空想社会主义</a>的代表人物。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E6%A1%91%E8%91%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="伯纳德·鲍桑葵">伯纳德·鲍桑葵</a>，英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E5%BF%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="唯心主义">唯心主义</a>的代表人物。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%9F%B9%E6%A0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="弗兰西斯·培根">弗蘭西斯·培根</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%A3%E6%96%87" title="散文">散文</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9C%E5%AE%B6" title="作家">作家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" title="哲學家">哲學家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="政治家">政治家</a>，是古典經驗論的始祖。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E4%BC%91%E8%B0%9F" title="大卫·休谟">大卫·休谟</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="经济学家">经济学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="历史学家">历史学家</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%95%B6%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="亞當·斯密">亞當·斯密</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" title="经济学家">经济学家</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="哲学家">哲学家</a>，代表作为《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%8C%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="国富论">国富论</a>》。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="媒體">媒體</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=62" title="编辑章节：媒體">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg/180px-Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg/270px-Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg/360px-Bbc_broadcasting_house_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="774" data-file-height="1076" /></a><figcaption>位於倫敦的<a href="/wiki/BBC%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E5%A4%A7%E6%A8%93" title="BBC廣播大樓">BBC廣播大樓</a>（Broadcasting House），是英國廣播公司總部</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="英国广播公司">英国广播公司</a>（BBC）成立于1922年，是英国的一家公共广播、电视和互联网广播公司，也是世界上历史最悠久、规模最大的广播公司<a href="#cite_note-MediaNewsline-318">[304]</a><a href="#cite_note-ProspectMag-319">[305]</a><a href="#cite_note-AboutBBC-320">[306]</a>。它在英国国内外运营着众多电视台和广播电台，其国内服务的主要收入来源是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E6%8E%88%E6%AC%8A" title="電視授權">电视授权</a><a href="#cite_note-321">[307]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%A0%BB%E9%81%93" title="英國廣播公司國際頻道">英国广播公司国际频道</a>是一家BBC下属之世界上最大的国际广播公司<a href="#cite_note-322">[308]</a>。它以超过40种语言播报新闻、演讲和讨论<a href="#cite_note-323">[309]</a>。 英国其他主要媒体包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="獨立電視公司">独立电视公司</a>（ITV plc），该公司运营着组成<a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E7%94%B5%E8%A7%86%E7%BD%91" class="mw-redirect" title="独立电视网">独立电视网</a><a href="#cite_note-324">[310]</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A9%E7%A9%BA" title="英國天空">英国天空</a><a href="#cite_note-325">[311]</a>15家地区电视广播公司中的11个。在英国印刷的报刊包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E9%83%B5%E5%A0%B1" title="每日郵報">《每日邮报》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E5%A0%B1" title="衛報">《卫报》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E5%A0%B1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="太陽報 (英國)">《太阳报》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E7%94%B5%E8%AE%AF%E6%8A%A5" title="每日电讯报">《每日电讯报》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%99%A4%E5%A3%AB%E6%8A%A5" title="泰晤士报">《泰晤士报》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8F%E6%97%A5%E5%BF%AB%E5%A0%B1" title="每日快報">《每日快报》</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E6%99%82%E5%A0%B1_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="金融時報 (英國)">《金融时报》</a>等<a href="#cite_note-326">[312]</a>。在英国出版并在全球范围内发行的杂志和期刊还包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%81%E8%A7%80%E8%80%85" title="旁觀者">《旁观者》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E4%BA%BA" title="经济学人">《经济学人》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E4%BA%BA" title="新科學人">《新科学人》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="新政治家">《新政治家》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E6%99%AF" title="前景">《展望》</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%92" title="新音乐快递">《新音乐快递》</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E6%97%B6%E6%8A%A5" title="广播时报">《广播时报》</a>。 尽管<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BD%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="曼彻斯特">曼彻斯特</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E5%9F%8E" title="英國媒體城">英国媒体城</a>也是一个重要的全国性媒体中心，伦敦依然在英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="媒體業">媒体业</a>中占据主导地位：全国性报纸、电视和广播的总部基本上都设在首都。<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%93%A5" title="格拉斯哥">格拉斯哥</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%AA%E5%A4%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="卡迪夫">卡迪夫</a>分别是苏格兰和威尔士重要的报刊和广播发行中心<a href="#cite_note-327">[313]</a>。英国<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="出版業">出版业</a>，包括书籍、名录和资料库、期刊、杂志和商业媒体、报纸和新闻机构，总营业额约为200亿英镑，雇员人数167,000人<a href="#cite_note-328">[314]</a>。2015年，英国每一百万居民出版2,710本书，这比任何其他国家都多，其中大部分出口到其他<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英语国家和地区列表">英语国家</a><a href="#cite_note-329">[315]</a>。 2010年，英国82.5%的人口是<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="網路用戶">互联网用户</a>，此比例是当年用户总数最多的20个国家中最高的<a href="#cite_note-330">[316]</a>。英国拥有欧洲最大的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="视频游戏">视频游戏</a>产业，是继日本和美国之后的世界第三大视频游戏生产国<a href="#cite_note-331">[317]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="音乐">音乐</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=63" title="编辑章节：音乐">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="英國音樂">英国音乐</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg/220px-The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg/330px-The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg/440px-The_Beatles_members_at_New_York_City_in_1964.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="1110" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%AB%E9%A0%AD%E5%9B%9B%E6%A8%82%E9%9A%8A" title="披頭四樂隊">披头士乐队</a>是流行音乐史上最受好评及商业上最成功的乐队，唱片销量超过10亿<a href="#cite_note-Beatles_sales-332">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-McCartney-333">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guinness-334">[320]</a></figcaption></figure> 英国是众多著名音乐家的故乡，这些音乐家都有可观的贡献和影响。英国音乐的传统来自<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="基督教音乐">基督教音乐</a>和不列颠<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E9%97%B4%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="民间音乐">民间音乐</a>，英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰有着本土的传统音乐，风格各异。进入工业时代后，兴起如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E9%8A%85%E7%AE%A1%E6%A8%82%E9%9A%8A" title="英式銅管樂隊">铜管乐队</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%8E%85" title="音乐厅">音乐厅乐团</a>这样的新形式，挑战传统民乐的流行地位。现代<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="流行音乐">流行音乐</a>的诸多潮流都发源自英国，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E6%8B%8D%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="节拍音乐">节拍音乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B7%E5%8A%9B%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="強力流行">强力流行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B7%E5%B9%BB%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="迷幻音乐">迷幻音乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%8D%AB%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="前卫摇滚">前卫摇滚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="重金属音乐">重金属音乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA%E6%BD%AE%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="新浪潮音樂">新浪潮音乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="電子流行">电子流行</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B4%E9%9F%BF%E8%B2%9D%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="迴響貝斯">迴響貝斯</a><a href="#cite_note-Henderson2-335">[321]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[322]</a><a href="#cite_note-337">[323]</a>等。 在古典音乐方面，按照历史梳理，<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E9%90%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="都鐸時期">都铎时期</a>的音乐归类为<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E8%89%BA%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="文艺复兴音乐">文艺复兴音乐</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF" title="托马斯·塔利斯">托马斯·塔利斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E5%BC%97%E7%BA%B3" title="约翰·塔弗纳">约翰·塔弗纳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E5%BE%B7" title="威廉·伯德">威廉·伯德</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%B0%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E6%9C%AC%E6%96%AF" title="奥兰多·吉本斯">奥兰多·吉本斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%81%93%E5%85%B0%E5%BE%B7" title="约翰·道兰德">约翰·道兰德</a>是这时英格兰著名的音乐家，他们创作出卓越的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E6%92%92%E6%9B%B2" title="弥撒曲">弥撒曲</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A7%E6%AD%8C_(%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="牧歌 (欧洲)（页面不存在）">牧歌</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madrigal" class="extiw" title="en:Madrigal">Madrigal</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E7%89%B9%E7%90%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="鲁特琴">鲁特琴曲</a>。之后的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E4%BA%9A%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%A4%8D%E8%BE%9F" title="斯图亚特王朝复辟">斯图亚特王朝复辟</a>时代，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E7%8F%80%E5%A1%9E%E7%88%BE" title="亨利·珀塞爾">亨利·珀塞爾</a>引领潮流，<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%81%A9" title="托馬斯·阿恩">托馬斯·阿恩</a>等人追随，他们创作<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%87%E9%9D%A2%E8%88%9E%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="假面舞会（页面不存在）">假面舞曲</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masque" class="extiw" title="en:Masque">Masque</a>）、颂歌和<a href="/wiki/AIR_(%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E4%B9%90%E5%BC%8F)" title="AIR (音乐乐式)">艾尔抒情调</a>，作为之后英格兰音乐的传统风格而延续。入籍英国的德意志人<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E9%87%8C%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E5%B8%8C%C2%B7%E4%BA%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94" title="格奥尔格·弗里德里希·亨德尔">亨德尔</a>是巴洛克时期卓越的作曲家<a href="#cite_note-Handel-338">[324]</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[325]</a>，他创作的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E4%B8%8A%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="水上音樂">水上音樂</a>》《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%85%99%E7%81%AB" title="皇家煙火">皇家煙火</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A5%E8%B5%9B%E4%BA%9A_(%E4%BA%A8%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94)" title="弥赛亚 (亨德尔)">弥赛亚</a>》廣為人知<a href="#cite_note-340">[326]</a>，颂歌《<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E5%B8%88%E6%89%8E%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B" title="牧师扎多克">牧师扎多克</a>》成为英国君主的传统加冕曲。19世纪下半叶，<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%8A%A0" title="爱德华·埃尔加">爱德华·埃尔加</a>可谓最成功的作曲家，涵盖各式风格，成就和当时的欧陆名家匹敌；<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E5%88%A9%E6%96%87" title="阿瑟·萨利文">阿瑟·萨利文</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7S%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9" title="威廉·S·吉尔伯特">威廉·S·吉尔伯特</a>合作创作出许多经久不衰的<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E4%BC%8F%E4%BE%9D%E6%AD%8C%E5%8A%87" class="mw-redirect" title="薩伏依歌劇">萨伏依歌剧</a>作品。进入20世纪，有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="古斯塔夫·霍尔斯特">古斯塔夫·霍尔斯特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E4%BD%9B%E6%BC%A2%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%96%AF" title="雷夫·佛漢·威廉斯">雷夫·佛漢·威廉斯</a>等英国作曲家自民间音乐汲取灵感，引领<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%AD%8C%E5%A4%8D%E5%85%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国民歌复兴（页面不存在）">英国民歌复兴</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_folk_revival" class="extiw" title="en:British folk revival">British folk revival</a>）；<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E6%9D%B0%E6%98%8E%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E9%A1%BF" title="本杰明·布里顿">布里顿男爵</a>的歌剧作品成就斐然，是英国现代歌剧的先驱。在战后的当代，著名的英国作曲家有<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%BC%E5%BE%97%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%9F%A6%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF" title="彼得·马克斯韦尔·戴维斯">彼得·马克斯韦尔·戴维斯</a>，他创作出有<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="序列主义">序列音乐</a>、东方音乐和文艺复兴音乐色彩的独特作品；<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%8C%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%94" title="哈里森·伯特威斯尔">哈里森·伯特威斯尔</a>，他的音乐具有神话色彩，富于诗情；<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%A1%94%E6%96%87%E7%BA%B3" title="约翰·塔文纳">约翰·塔文纳</a>，以宗教精神深厚的合唱作品著称<a href="#cite_note-341">[327]</a><a href="#cite_note-342">[328]</a><a href="#cite_note-343">[329]</a><a href="#cite_note-344">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-345">[331]</a><a href="#cite_note-346">[332]</a>。 20世纪，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" title="美国音乐">源自美国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="布鲁斯">布鲁斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B5%E5%A3%AB%E4%B9%90" title="爵士乐">爵士乐</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="摇滚">摇滚乐</a>进入英国，开启潮流。20世纪50年代中期，英国人发明“<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C_(%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E9%A1%9E%E5%9E%8B)" title="流行 (音樂類型)">流行乐</a>”（pop music）一词，用以指代“<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="摇滚">摇滚乐</a>及其与新的青年音乐的融合形式<a href="#cite_note-Grove-347">[333]</a>”。来自英国的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%AB%E9%A0%AD%E5%9B%9B%E6%A8%82%E9%9A%8A" title="披頭四樂隊">披头士乐队</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%9A%E7%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E9%98%9F" title="滚石乐队">滚石乐队</a>在20世纪60年代主导乐坛<a href="#cite_note-348">[334]</a>。英国成为摇滚乐发展的重地，英国摇滚音乐人开创<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E5%BC%8F%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="硬式搖滾">硬式搖滾</a><a href="#cite_note-349">[335]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="拉格摇滚">拉格摇滚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="艺术摇滚">艺术摇滚</a>、重金属乐<a href="#cite_note-Larson2004a-350">[336]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="太空摇滚">太空摇滚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E9%BA%97%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="華麗搖滾">華麗搖滾</a><a href="#cite_note-Encarta-351">[337]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%BE%B7%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="哥德搖滾">哥德搖滾</a><a href="#cite_note-NME2-352">[338]</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%8B%E5%85%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯卡朋克（页面不存在）">斯卡朋克</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ska_punk" class="extiw" title="en:ska punk">ska punk</a>）等诸多流派；亦参与<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E8%A1%9B%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="前衛搖滾">前衛搖滾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B7%E5%B9%BB%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="迷幻搖滾">迷幻搖滾</a><a href="#cite_note-allmusic-353">[339]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%8B%E5%85%8B%E6%90%96%E6%BB%BE" title="朋克搖滾">朋克搖滾</a><a href="#cite_note-RSE-354">[340]</a>潮流的发展。披头士乐队售出超过10亿张唱片，是流行音乐史上最受好评及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%A2%E9%8A%B7%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E8%97%9D%E4%BA%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="暢銷音樂藝人列表">商业上最成功</a>的乐队<a href="#cite_note-Beatles_sales-332">[318]</a><a href="#cite_note-McCartney-333">[319]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guinness-334">[320]</a><a href="#cite_note-355">[341]</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[342]</a>。滚石乐队、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7" title="平克·弗洛伊德">平克·弗洛伊德</a>、<a href="/wiki/Queen_(%E4%B9%90%E9%98%9F)" title="Queen (乐队)">皇后乐队</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E9%A3%9E%E8%88%B9_(%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2)" title="齐柏林飞船 (乐团)">齐柏林飞船</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%90%89%E6%96%AF" title="比吉斯">比吉斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%C2%B7%E5%BC%B7" title="艾爾頓·強">艾爾頓·強</a>皆颇受欢迎，唱片销量皆超出2千万张<a href="#cite_note-357">[343]</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[344]</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[346]</a><a href="#cite_note-361">[347]</a><a href="#cite_note-362">[348]</a>。现代英国是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD" title="音樂產業">音乐产业</a>大国，伴随强势的英文流行文化，许多当代音乐人在全世界颇受欢迎，近年较为成功的有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E8%BF%88%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%94" title="乔治·迈克尔">乔治·迈克尔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%90%E9%98%9F" title="绿洲乐队">绿洲乐队</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%A3%E5%A6%B9%E5%90%88%E5%94%B1%E5%9C%98" title="辣妹合唱團">辣妹合唱團</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4" title="电台司令">电台司令</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B7%E7%8E%A9%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="酷玩樂團">酷玩樂團</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E6%BD%91%E7%8C%B4" title="北極潑猴">北極潑猴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%AF%94%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="罗比·威廉斯">罗比·威廉斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%B1%B3%C2%B7%E6%80%80%E6%81%A9%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%AF" title="艾米·怀恩豪斯">艾米·怀恩豪斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E9%BB%9B%E5%85%92" title="愛黛兒">愛黛兒</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E9%AB%AE%E8%89%BE%E5%BE%B7" title="紅髮艾德">紅髮艾德</a>、<a href="/wiki/1%E4%B8%96%E4%BB%A3" title="1世代">1世代</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="哈利·斯泰爾斯">哈利·斯泰爾斯</a><a href="#cite_note-363">[349]</a><a href="#cite_note-364">[350]</a><a href="#cite_note-365">[351]</a><a href="#cite_note-record-366">[352]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%98%BF%C2%B7%E5%88%A9%E5%B8%95" class="mw-redirect" title="杜阿·利帕">杜阿·利帕</a>。 英国有着享誉世界的交响乐团和合唱团，如<a href="/wiki/BBC%E4%BA%A4%E9%9F%BF%E6%A8%82%E5%9C%98" title="BBC交響樂團">BBC交響樂團</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E4%B9%90%E5%9B%A2%E5%90%88%E5%94%B1%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伦敦交响乐团合唱团（页面不存在）">伦敦交响乐团合唱团</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Symphony_Chorus" class="extiw" title="en:London Symphony Chorus">London Symphony Chorus</a>）。每年的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%AE%A4%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E6%97%A5" title="國殤紀念日">國殤紀念日</a>，英国全国会举办纪念音乐会，演奏《<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%B1%E6%B2%BB%E5%90%A7%EF%BC%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%EF%BC%81" title="統治吧，不列顛尼亞！">统治吧，不列颠尼亚！</a>》等纪念歌曲<a href="#cite_note-367">[353]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[354]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%94%B1%E7%89%87%E4%B8%9A%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="英国唱片业协会">英国唱片业协会</a>每年举行盛会颁发<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E8%8B%B1%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82%E7%8D%8E" title="全英音樂獎">全英音樂獎</a>，并设置<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E8%8B%B1%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E5%A5%96%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%B0%E5%87%BA%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE%E5%A5%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全英音乐奖音乐界杰出贡献奖（页面不存在）">音乐界杰出贡献奖</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brit_Award_for_Outstanding_Contribution_to_Music" class="extiw" title="en:Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music">Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music</a>）赠予有重要历史地位的世界音乐人，流行乐分支的英国得主有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%81%E4%BA%BA%E4%B9%90%E9%98%9F" title="谁人乐队">谁人乐队</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E4%BC%8A" title="大卫·鲍伊">大卫·鲍伊</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF" title="埃里克·克莱普顿">埃里克·克莱普顿</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9" title="罗德·斯图尔特">罗德·斯图尔特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E4%B9%90%E9%98%9F" title="警察乐队">警察乐队</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%88%A9%E4%BC%8D%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B" title="佛利伍麥克">佛利伍麥克</a>等<a href="#cite_note-369">[355]</a>；古典乐得主有指挥家<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E8%92%99%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94" title="西蒙·拉特尔">西蒙·拉特尔</a>、提琴家<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%94%98%E8%BF%BA%E8%BF%AA" title="奈吉爾·甘迺迪">奈吉尔·肯尼迪</a>、电影配乐家<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%91%9E" title="约翰·巴瑞">约翰·巴瑞</a>、剧作配乐家<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E5%8A%B3%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%9F%A6%E4%BC%AF" title="安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯">安德鲁·劳埃德·韦伯</a>等<a href="#cite_note-370">[356]</a>。 许多英国城市有着浓厚的本地音乐文化。来自利物浦的音乐人共创作了54首英本国榜首单曲，这个数字是世界之冠<a href="#cite_note-Liverpool_vs_Stavanger-371">[357]</a>；格拉斯哥于2008年被<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E3%80%81%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8A%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="联合国教育、科学及文化组织">联合国教科文组织</a>评为<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E4%B9%8B%E5%9F%8E_(%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E7%A7%91%E6%96%87%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="音乐之城 (联合国教科文组织)（页面不存在）">音乐之城</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/City_of_Music_(UNESCO)" class="extiw" title="en:City of Music (UNESCO)">City of Music (UNESCO)</a>）；曼彻斯特的音乐人为<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E6%B5%A9%E5%AE%A4" title="酸浩室">酸浩室</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%A6%E6%91%87%E6%BB%9A" title="英伦摇滚">英伦摇滚</a>运动的发展做出重要贡献；伦敦和布里斯托是<a href="/wiki/%E9%BC%93%E6%89%93%E8%B2%9D%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="鼓打貝斯">鼓打貝斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E9%81%8A%E8%88%9E%E6%9B%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="神遊舞曲">神遊舞曲</a>等<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90" class="mw-redirect" title="电子音乐">电子乐</a>流派的发源地<a href="#cite_note-dnb-372">[358]</a>；伯明翰因<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E8%89%B2%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5" title="黑色安息日">黑色安息日乐队</a>而被誉为重金属音乐的诞生地<a href="#cite_note-373">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-374">[360]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="飲食">飲食</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=64" title="编辑章节：飲食">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="英國飲食">英國飲食</a></div> 英國飲食雖然和其他歐洲國家相比較為簡單，但英式早餐和其他歐洲國家相比較為豐盛。英國料理傳統上注重食材本身的味道。<a href="#cite_note-375">[361]</a> 而國際上熟知的英國飲食包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E6%97%A9%E9%A4%90" title="英式早餐">英式早餐</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%AA%95%E6%99%9A%E5%AE%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="聖誕晚宴">聖誕晚宴</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Spencer-376">[362]</a> 凱爾特原住民本身就有一系列常用的農業作物及動物食材，而<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="诺曼征服英格兰">諾曼征服英格蘭</a>后又帶來了許多外來種。<a href="#cite_note-Spencer-376">[362]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a>的殖民活動又使得食用味道強烈的香料及草藥的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%8F%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="印度菜">印度菜</a>進入英國。 英國內的四個組成部份都有各自的獨特飲食，傳統的英格蘭飲食有<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B1%E6%97%A5%E7%83%A4%E8%82%89" title="週日烤肉">週日烤肉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E5%85%8B%E9%83%A1%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%81" class="mw-redirect" title="約克郡布丁">約克郡布丁</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E6%B1%81" title="肉汁">肉汁</a>。<a href="#cite_note-tradfood-377">[363]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E9%AD%9A%E8%96%AF%E6%A2%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="炸魚薯條">炸魚薯條</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BC%8F%E6%97%A9%E9%A4%90" title="英式早餐">英式早餐</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%B9%E6%A0%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="培根">培根</a>、烤西紅柿、炸麵包、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%B8%83%E4%B8%81" title="黑布丁">黑布丁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%98%E8%B1%86" class="mw-redirect" title="烘豆">烘豆</a>、烤蘑菇、香腸和蛋）。最早的炸魚薯條出現於1860年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%A7%86" title="奧爾德姆">奧爾德姆</a>的湯米菲爾德市場（Tommyfield Market）。<a href="#cite_note-378">[364]</a> 除此之外還有各種<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="肉派">肉派</a>，例如<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%9B%E6%8E%92%E8%85%B0%E5%AD%90%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="牛排腰子派（页面不存在）">牛排腰子派</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A7%E7%BE%8A%E4%BA%BA%E6%B4%BE" title="牧羊人派">牧羊人派</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E8%88%8D%E6%B4%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="農舍派">農舍派</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%B7%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E9%83%A1%E8%8F%9C%E8%82%89%E7%83%98%E9%A5%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="康瓦尔郡菜肉烘饼（页面不存在）">康瓦尔郡菜肉烘饼</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%AC%E8%82%89%E6%B4%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="豬肉派（页面不存在）">豬肉派</a>。<a href="#cite_note-tradfood-377">[363]</a> 在英國文化中，通常會在下午4至6點吃<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E5%8D%88%E8%8C%B6" title="下午茶">下午茶</a>。而作為英國最常見的飲料之一，茶由<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" class="mw-redirect" title="查尔斯二世">查尔斯二世</a>之妻<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%B9%B2%E8%96%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%87%B1%E7%91%9F%E7%90%B3" title="布拉干薩的凱瑟琳">布拉干薩的凱瑟琳</a>引入英國，傳統上下午茶還包括三明治、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E5%BA%B7%E9%A4%85" title="司康餅">司康餅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%B3%95" title="蛋糕">蛋糕</a>或其他點心。<a href="#cite_note-379">[365]</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[366]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="世界遺產">世界遺產</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=65" title="编辑章节：世界遺產">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r66786032">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="locmap noviewer thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:302px"><div style="position:relative;width:300px;border:1px solid lightgray"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" 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style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="多塞特和东德文海岸" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/8px-Green_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/12px-Green_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Green_pog.svg/16px-Green_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8" title="侏罗纪海岸">多塞特和东德文海岸</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:51.883%;left:71.402%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="达拉谟" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%BC%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83" title="新石器时代奥克尼的中心">新石器时代奥克尼的中心</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:69.783%;left:64.5%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="铁桥谷" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3%E5%85%8B" title="新拉纳克">新拉纳克</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:42.108%;left:59.159%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="爱丁堡旧城和新城" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1" title="爱丁堡">爱丁堡</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E8%88%8A%E5%9F%8E" title="愛丁堡舊城">旧城</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E4%B8%81%E5%A0%A1%E6%96%B0%E5%9F%8E" title="愛丁堡新城">新城</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:66.917%;left:59.947%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="庞特卡萨鲁岧水道" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%90%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%A1%E8%96%A9%E9%AD%AF%E5%B2%A7%E6%B0%B4%E9%81%93" title="龐特卡薩魯岧水道">庞特卡萨鲁岧水道</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:26.533%;left:18.311%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="圣基尔达岛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/8px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/16px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="圣基尔达岛">圣基尔达岛</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:59.692%;left:69.773%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="索尔泰尔" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%B0%E5%B0%94" title="索尔泰尔">索尔泰尔</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:81.842%;left:69.508%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="    巨石阵、埃夫伯里及周围的巨石遗迹" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div>    <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%98%B5" title="巨石阵">巨石阵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A4%AB%E4%BC%AF%E9%87%8C" title="埃夫伯里">埃夫伯里</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%98%B5%E3%80%81%E5%9F%83%E5%A4%AB%E4%BC%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%8A%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%81%97%E8%BF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巨石阵、埃夫伯里及周围的巨石遗迹（页面不存在）">周围的巨石遗迹</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:57.367%;left:71.417%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="斯塔德利皇家公园" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%A9%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="斯塔德利皇家公园">斯塔德利皇家公园</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:79.108%;left:82.364%"><div class="id" style="left:-5px;top:-5px"><img alt="伦敦" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/10px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/15px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/20px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:6px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:41.663%;left:57.661%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="福斯桥" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;bottom:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%96%AF%E6%A1%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="福斯桥">福斯桥</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:54.167%;left:59.343%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="湖区" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:5px"><div><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%BA" title="湖区">湖区</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme mw-no-invert" style="top:64.653%;left:65.821%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><img alt="卓瑞尔河岸天文台" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:5px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%93%E7%91%9E%E7%88%BE%E6%B2%B3%E5%B2%B8%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B0" title="卓瑞爾河岸天文台">卓瑞尔河岸天文台</a></div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:United_Kingdom_adm_location_map.svg" title="File:United Kingdom adm location map.svg"> </a></div>英国本土世界遗产：红色为文化遗产，绿色为自然遗产，蓝色为复合遗产（<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9F%BA%E7%88%BE%E9%81%94%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="聖基爾達島">聖基爾達島</a>）。部分名称缩减适应地图。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="大伦敦">伦敦</a>包含<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%BC%E6%B2%BB" title="格林尼治">格林威治海岸地区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B1%E5%9B%AD" title="邱园">伦敦基尤皇家植物园</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E5%A1%94" title="伦敦塔">伦敦塔</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E6%95%8F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%AE%AB" title="威斯敏斯特宫">威斯敏斯特宫殿</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%AF%BA" title="西敏寺">教堂</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E6%95%8F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%9C%A3%E7%8E%9B%E6%A0%BC%E4%B8%BD%E7%89%B9%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="威斯敏斯特圣玛格丽特教堂">圣玛格丽特教堂</a>。</div></div></div> 截至2020年，英国本土及<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">海外领土</a>共有32处自然或文化遗迹列入《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%90%8D%E5%BD%95" class="mw-redirect" title="世界遗产名录">世界遗产名录</a>》<a href="#cite_note-UK_list-381">[367]</a>，其中英格兰18处、苏格兰五处，威尔士三处，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a>一处，另有一处为英格兰和苏格兰共有，海外领土<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF" title="圣赫勒拿">圣赫勒拿</a>各一处。英国的首批世界遗产包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%A0%A4%E9%81%93" title="巨人堤道">“巨人之路”及其海岸</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%8B%92%E5%A7%86%E5%BA%A7%E5%A0%82" title="达勒姆座堂">达勒姆大教堂</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%8B%92%E5%A7%86%E5%9F%8E%E5%A0%A1" title="达勒姆城堡">城堡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E6%A9%8B%E8%B0%B7" title="鐵橋谷">乔治铁桥区</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%A9%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9B%AD" title="斯塔德利皇家公园">斯塔德利皇家公园</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%99%B4%E6%B3%89%E4%BF%AE%E9%81%93%E9%99%A2" title="噴泉修道院">喷泉修道院遗址</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%98%B5" title="巨石阵">巨石阵</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A4%AB%E4%BC%AF%E9%87%8C" title="埃夫伯里">埃夫伯里</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%98%B5%E3%80%81%E5%9F%83%E5%A4%AB%E4%BC%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%8F%8A%E5%91%A8%E5%9B%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3%E9%81%97%E8%BF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="巨石阵、埃夫伯里及周围的巨石遗迹（页面不存在）">周围的巨石遗迹</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E5%85%A7%E6%96%AF%E9%83%A1%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%E5%9C%8B%E7%8E%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%8E%E5%A0%A1%E5%92%8C%E5%9F%8E%E7%89%86" title="圭內斯郡愛德華國王的城堡和城牆">圭内斯郡爱德华国王城堡和城墙</a>，均于1986年入选。最次入选的是英格兰<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%93%E7%91%9E%E7%88%BE%E6%B2%B3%E5%B2%B8%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B0" title="卓瑞爾河岸天文台">卓瑞尔河岸天文台</a>，于2019年7月列入。<a href="#cite_note-382">[368]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="节日假期">节日假期</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=66" title="编辑章节：节日假期">编辑</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>假期1</caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#efefef;">日期 </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">中文譯名 </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">當地名稱 </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">備注 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1月1日</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%97%A6" title="元旦">元旦</a></td> <td>New Year's Day</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1月2日</td> <td>元旦翌日</td> <td>The Day following New Year's Day</td> <td>只適用於<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>地區 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3月17日</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%B8%95%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E8%8A%82" title="圣帕特里克节">圣帕特里克节</a></td> <td>St. Patrick's Day</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E6%95%99" title="天主教">天主教</a>節日，只適用於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>地區 </td></tr> <tr> <td>日期不定</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E7%A9%8C%E5%8F%97%E9%9B%A3%E6%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="耶穌受難日">耶穌受難日</a></td> <td>Good Friday</td> <td>復活節之前的一個星期五 </td></tr> <tr> <td>日期不定</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E6%B4%BB%E8%8A%82%E6%98%9F%E6%9C%9F%E4%B8%80" title="复活节星期一">復活節星期一</a></td> <td>Easter Monday</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%88%86" title="春分">春分</a>後第一個<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%BF%E6%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="滿月">滿月</a>後的第一個星期一，不適用於蘇格蘭地區 </td></tr> <tr> <td>日期不定</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%9C%94%E7%AF%80#大不列顛島" title="五朔節">五月初公共假日</a></td> <td>Early May Bank Holiday</td> <td>五月份第一個星期一 </td></tr> <tr> <td>日期不定</td> <td>春天公共假日</td> <td>Spring Bank Holiday</td> <td>五月份最後一個星期一 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7月12日2</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E8%98%AD%E6%B2%BB%E6%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧蘭治日（页面不存在）">奧蘭治日</a></td> <td>Orangemen's Day（Battle of the Boyne's Day）</td> <td>只適用於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>地區 </td></tr> <tr> <td>日期不定</td> <td>夏天公共假日</td> <td>Summer Bank Holiday</td> <td>八月份最後一個星期一 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11月5日</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AF%9D%E7%81%AB%E4%B9%8B%E5%A4%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="篝火之夜">篝火之夜</a></td> <td>Guy Fawkes Night</td> <td>非官方假期 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12月25日</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E8%8A%82" title="圣诞节">圣诞节</a></td> <td>Christmas Day</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12月26日</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E7%A4%BC%E6%97%A5" title="节礼日">节礼日</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%82%E7%A4%BC%E6%97%A5" title="节礼日">拆禮物日</a>）</td> <td>Boxing Day</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>注</dt></dl> <ol><li>除特別說明（見備註一項）外，以上假期普遍適用於<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="威爾斯">威爾斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a>地區；</li> <li>該假日<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%9F" title="日期">日期</a>以北愛爾蘭事務大臣（Secretary of State for Northern Ireland）公佈為準。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参見">参見</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=67" title="编辑章节：参見">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/32px-Europe_green_light.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/48px-Europe_green_light.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Europe_green_light.png/64px-Europe_green_light.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="226" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:欧洲">欧洲主题</a></li> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="Portal:英国">英国主题</a></li> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:英格蘭">英格兰主题</a></li> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:蘇格蘭">苏格兰主题</a></li> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:威尔士（页面不存在）">威尔士主题</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">英国君主</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="英国王室">英国王室</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="英国政治">英国政治</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="英国政府">英国政府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%95%8F%E5%88%B6" title="西敏制">西敏制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="英国国会">英国国会</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="英国内阁">英国内阁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="英国首相">英国首相</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国首相列表">英国首相列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%8D%A3%E8%AA%89%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="英国荣誉制度">英国荣誉制度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格蘭">英格蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="威爾斯">威爾斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="北愛爾蘭">北愛爾蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列顛島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英国海外领地">英国海外领地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英国皇家属地">英国皇家属地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="英屬香港">香港</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注釋">注釋</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=68" title="编辑章节：注釋">编辑</a>]</div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> 英国并无官方认定国歌版本，其歌词基本来源于传统，演奏时一般只有演奏第一段<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>。同时英国并无法律规定《天佑国王》为国歌。根据传统，其僅需经过宣称和使用即可成为国歌，由此无需法律认定。《天佑国王》同时还是一些<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="英联邦王国">英联邦王国</a>的颂歌。 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> 包括声称主权的南极领地，详见<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="南极条约">南极条约</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> 在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="欧洲委员会">欧洲委员会</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E6%88%96%E5%B0%91%E6%95%B8%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E6%86%B2%E7%AB%A0" title="歐洲區域或少數民族語言憲章">欧洲区域或少数民族语言宪章</a>体系之下，英国政府承认苏格兰语（包括阿尔斯特苏格兰语）、威尔士语、康沃尔语、爱尔兰语和苏格兰盖尔语为区域语言或少数族群语言。其中威爾斯語是威爾斯的官方語言。参见<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国语言（页面不存在）">英国语言</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Languages of the United Kingdom">Languages of the United Kingdom</a>）<a href="#cite_note-reglang-4">[2]</a> 。 </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> GMT只适用于英国本土。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">英國海外領土</a>时区由<a href="/wiki/UTC-8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-8">UTC-8</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>）横跨至<a href="/wiki/UTC%2B6" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+6">UTC+6</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="英屬印度洋領地">英屬印度洋領地</a>）。 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> 此只适用于英国本土。并非所有英属海外领地均有夏时制。 </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> 现今中文的“英国”一词源于“England”（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a>）。“英国”现为《<a href="/wiki/1707%E5%B9%B4%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1707年聯合法令">1707年聯合法令</a>》实行以来统治<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列顛島</a>全境的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="大不列顛王國">大不列顛王國</a>与联合王国之通称，但有时亦可作为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="英格兰王国">英格兰王国</a>与现今英格兰之别称<a href="#cite_note-16">[11]</a>。 </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> 早期联合国中文档案亦称「英联王国」。 </li> <li id="cite_note-fourteen-21"><a href="#cite_ref-fourteen_21-0">^</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" title="安圭拉">安圭拉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英属印度洋领地">英属印度洋领地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="英属维尔京群岛">英属维尔京群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="开曼群岛">开曼群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克蘭群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E8%92%82%E9%87%8C%E5%92%8C%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚">阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚</a>均為英國之海外领地，它們為联合王国的一部分。 </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> 北爱尔兰是英国唯一同另一国共享国境线的部分；英国的两块<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="英国海外领地">海外领地</a>亦同其他国家相邻：<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>）和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E8%92%82%E9%87%8C%E5%92%8C%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚">阿克罗蒂里和德凯利亚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="塞浦路斯">塞浦路斯共和国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="北塞浦路斯">北塞浦路斯土耳其共和国</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%BC%93%E5%86%B2%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="塞浦路斯联合国缓冲区">塞浦路斯联合国缓冲区</a>）。 </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> 1921年12月6日《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%88%B1%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="英爱条约">英爱条约</a>》签署，终结了<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="爱尔兰独立战争">爱尔兰独立战争</a>。1922年12月6日<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6" title="爱尔兰自由邦">爱尔兰自由邦</a>（当今<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a>的前身）成立，为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">英联邦</a>中独立的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A2%86" class="mw-redirect" title="自治领">自治领</a>。英国现今的国名于<a href="/wiki/1927%E5%B9%B4%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%8F%8A%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%A4%B4%E8%A1%94%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="1927年王室及议会头衔法令">1927年被正式采用</a>以体现这一变更。 </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> 1642年查理一世要求议会以叛国罪交出五名议员，遭到拒绝后于1月4日带兵强行闯入下院，当国王问到被通缉的议员逃到了哪里时，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2%E8%AD%B0%E9%95%B7_(%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B)" title="下議院議長 (英國)">议长</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E4%BC%A6%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威廉·伦索尔（页面不存在）">威廉·伦索尔</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lenthall" class="extiw" title="en:William Lenthall">William Lenthall</a>）跪下说到：“请尊敬的陛下原谅，作为下院的公仆，我仅为下院服务，对于您所问的问题我只能说，我没看到，即使看到了也不会说的”<a href="#cite_note-69">[59]</a>，查理无奈只好恶毒地回答“我的鸟儿都飞走了”，随后双手空空地离开了国会。 </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> 原文中译：我们有充分的理由相信处境将一天比一天糟糕，我们越来越无力自卫，因此我们真诚希望在一切都太迟之前，欣喜地找到一种补救办法以为自身解放做出贡献……人民普遍因政府目前对他们宗教、自由和财产方面的做法感到不满（所有这些都受到了极大的侵犯），他们生活在前景会一天比一天糟糕的预计中，因此殿下可以放心，整个王国九成五的人民都渴望变革；我们相信，如果有（您）这样的荫蔽来支持起义，使他们不致遭到毁灭，他们会愿意为变革做出贡献。 </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> ET为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%94%E5%8E%9F%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="苔原气候">苔原气候</a>，Cfc为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%B8%A6%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="温带海洋性气候">温带海洋性气候</a>，Cfb为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="海洋性气候">海洋性气候</a>，Dfc为<a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AF%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99" title="副极地气候">副极地气候</a>。 </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> 必要时君主拥有罢免首相，拒绝<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%95%A3%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="解散议会">解散</a>或<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E4%BC%91%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国议会休会（页面不存在）">休止</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prorogation_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Prorogation in the United Kingdom">Prorogation in the United Kingdom</a>）议会，拒绝<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A1%E5%87%86" title="御准">御准</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%9C%83%E6%B3%95%E4%BB%A4" title="英國國會法令">国会法令</a>，并阻止对<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="英國武裝部隊">英国武装部队</a>的非法使用，以及其他保留权力<a href="#cite_note-122">[109]</a>。 </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=69" title="编辑章节：参考文献">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Prime Minister's Office. 2003-01-10 [2015-03-08]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150401232410/http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.number10.gov.uk/Page823">存档</a>于2015-04-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Countries+within+a+country&rft.date=2003-01-10&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Prime+Minister%27s+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwebarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2F%2B%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.number10.gov.uk%2FPage823&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-devoladmins-29"><a href="#cite_ref-devoladmins_29-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/devolution-of-powers-to-scotland-wales-and-northern-ireland#devolved-administrations">Devolution of powers to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland</a>. United Kingdom Government. [2013-04-17]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130718065448/https://www.gov.uk/devolution-of-powers-to-scotland-wales-and-northern-ireland#devolved-administrations">存档</a>于2013-07-18）. <q>In a similar way to how the government is formed from members from the two Houses of Parliament, members of the devolved legislatures nominate ministers from among themselves to comprise an executive, known as the devolved administrations...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Devolution+of+powers+to+Scotland%2C+Wales%2C+and+Northern+Ireland&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=United+Kingdom+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fdevolution-of-powers-to-scotland-wales-and-northern-ireland%23devolved-administrations&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7859034.stm">Fall in UK university students</a>. BBC News. 2009-01-29 [2016-03-11]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090225192806/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/education/7859034.stm">存档</a>于2009-02-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Fall+in+UK+university+students&rft.date=2009-01-29&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Feducation%2F7859034.stm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100404062853/http://www.transport-research.info/web/countryprofiles/uk.cfm">Country Overviews: United Kingdom</a>. Transport Research Knowledge Centre. [2010-03-28]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transport-research.info/web/countryprofiles/uk.cfm">原始内容</a>存档于2010-04-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Country+Overviews%3A+United+Kingdom&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Transport+Research+Knowledge+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transport-research.info%2Fweb%2Fcountryprofiles%2Fuk.cfm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/LivingintheUK/DG_10012517">Key facts about the United Kingdom</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Directgov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Directgov（页面不存在）">Directgov</a>. [2015-03-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20121015000000/http:/www.direct.gov.uk/en/Governmentcitizensandrights/LivingintheUK/DG_10012517">存档</a>于2012-10-15）. <q><blockquote style="padding-top:0em;margin-top:0em;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;">The full title of this country is 'the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland'. Great Britain is made up of England, Scotland and Wales. The United Kingdom (UK) is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. 'Britain' is used informally, usually meaning the United Kingdom. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are not part of the UK.</blockquote></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Key+facts+about+the+United+Kingdom&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Directgov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.direct.gov.uk%2Fen%2FGovernmentcitizensandrights%2FLivingintheUK%2FDG_10012517&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-overseasterrirories-34"><a href="#cite_ref-overseasterrirories_34-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/protecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories">Supporting the Overseas Territories</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign and Commonwealth Office（页面不存在）">Foreign and Commonwealth Office</a>. [2015-03-09]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006161120/https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/protecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories">存档</a>于2014-10-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Supporting+the+Overseas+Territories&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Foreign+and+Commonwealth+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpolicies%2Fprotecting-and-developing-the-overseas-territories&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/uk/2015/09/150904_britain_focus_queen_record">漫話英倫：9月9日英國女王破紀錄</a>. bbc中文. 2015-09-04 [2021-08-14]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716161820/https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/uk/2015/09/150904_britain_focus_queen_record">存档</a>于2022-07-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=%E6%BC%AB%E8%A9%B1%E8%8B%B1%E5%80%AB%EF%BC%9A9%E6%9C%889%E6%97%A5%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B%E7%A0%B4%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84&rft.date=2015-09-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=bbc%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fzhongwen%2Ftrad%2Fuk%2F2015%2F09%2F150904_britain_focus_queen_record&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Empire.html?id=QhEiAQAAIAAJ">https://books.google.com/books/about/Empire.html?id=QhEiAQAAIAAJ</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Mathias, P. The First Industrial Nation: the Economic History of Britain, 1700–1914. London: Routledge. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-415-26672-6" title="Special:网络书源/0-415-26672-6">ISBN 0-415-26672-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Mathias%2C+P.&rft.btitle=The+First+Industrial+Nation%3A+the+Economic+History+of+Britain%2C+1700%E2%80%931914&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-415-26672-6&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-ferguson-38"><a href="#cite_ref-ferguson_38-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Ferguson, Niall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/empire00nial">Empire: The rise and demise of the British world order and the lessons for global power</a>. New York: Basic Books. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-465-02328-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-465-02328-2">ISBN 0-465-02328-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.btitle=Empire%3A+The+rise+and+demise+of+the+British+world+order+and+the+lessons+for+global+power&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-465-02328-2&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fempire00nial&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <cite class="citation book">T. V. Paul, James J. Wirtz, Michel Fortmann. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/books?id=9jy28vBqscQC&pg=PA59&dq=%22Great+power%22">Balance of Power</a>. State University of New York Press, 2005. 2005: 59, 282 [2016-03-11]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0791464016" title="Special:网络书源/0791464016">ISBN 0791464016</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221123002256/https://www.google.com/books?id=9jy28vBqscQC&pg=PA59&dq=%22Great+power%22">存档</a>于2022-11-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=T.+V.+Paul%2C+James+J.+Wirtz%2C+Michel+Fortmann&rft.btitle=Balance+of+Power&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0791464016&rft.pages=59%2C+282&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press%2C+2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9jy28vBqscQC%26pg%3DPA59%26dq%3D%2522Great%2Bpower%2522&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  Accordingly, the great powers after the Cold War are Britain, China, France, Germany, Japan, Russia, and the United States p.59 </li> <li id="cite_note-David_M._McCourt-40"><a href="#cite_ref-David_M._McCourt_40-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">McCourt, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lwpOnwEACAAJ&dq=Britain+and+World+Power+Since+1945:+Constructing+a+Nation%27s+Role+in+International+Politics&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TCJkU8TOE6mS7Abw14HIBg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA">Britain and World Power Since 1945: Constructing a Nation's Role in International Politics</a>. United States of America: University of Michigan Press. 2014-05-28 [2016-03-11]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0472072218" title="Special:网络书源/0472072218">ISBN 0472072218</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511044945/https://books.google.com/books?id=lwpOnwEACAAJ&dq=Britain+and+World+Power+Since+1945%3A+Constructing+a+Nation%27s+Role+in+International+Politics&hl=en&sa=X&ei=TCJkU8TOE6mS7Abw14HIBg&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA">存档</a>于2021-05-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=McCourt&rft.btitle=Britain+and+World+Power+Since+1945%3A+Constructing+a+Nation%27s+Role+in+International+Politics&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0472072218&rft.place=United+States+of+America&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlwpOnwEACAAJ%26dq%3DBritain%2Band%2BWorld%2BPower%2BSince%2B1945%3A%2BConstructing%2Ba%2BNation%2527s%2BRole%2Bin%2BInternational%2BPolitics%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DTCJkU8TOE6mS7Abw14HIBg%26ved%3D0CDIQ6AEwAA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-SIPRI-41"><a href="#cite_ref-SIPRI_41-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150104033821/http://books.sipri.org/product_info?c_product_id=476">The 15 countries with the highest military expenditure in 2013 (table)</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm International Peace Research Institute">Stockholm International Peace Research Institute</a>. [2014-05-04]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.sipri.org/product_info?c_product_id=476">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2015-01-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=The+15+countries+with+the+highest+military+expenditure+in+2013+%28table%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Stockholm+International+Peace+Research+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.sipri.org%2Fproduct_info%3Fc_product_id%3D476&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-iiss.org-42"><a href="#cite_ref-iiss.org_42-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iiss.org/en/about%20us/press%20room/press%20releases/press%20releases/archive/2014-dd03/february-0abc/military-balance-2014-press-statement-52d7">The Military Balance 2014: Top 15 Defence Budgets 2013</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150924033509/http://www.iiss.org/en/about%20us/press%20room/press%20releases/press%20releases/archive/2014-dd03/february-0abc/military-balance-2014-press-statement-52d7">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） (IISS) </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> Sarunas Milisauskas, European prehistory: a survey. Springer, 2002 ISBN 978-0-306-47257-2. 2002: 363 [2010-06-07]. ISBN 978-0-306-47257-2. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> H. D. Rankin, Celts and the classical world. Routledge, 1998 ISBN 978-0-415-15090-3. 1998: 1–2 [2010-06-07]. ISBN 978-0-415-15090-3. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.1:“All Gaul is divided into three parts, one of which the Belgae live, another in which the Aquitani live, and the third are those who in their own tongue are called Celtae, in our language Galli.” </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> Strabo, Geography, Book 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> Pliny the Elder, The Natural History 21:“the Mirobrigenses, surnamed Celtici”（“Mirobrigenses qui Celtici cognominantur”）. </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> Fernando DE ALMEIDA, Breve noticia sobre o santuário campestre romano de Miróbriga dos Celticos (Portugal) :D（IS）M（ANIBUS）S（ACRUM） / C（AIUS）PORCIUS SEVE/RUS MIROBRIGEN (SIS) / CELT (ICUS) ANN (ORUM) LX / H（IC）S（ITUS）E（ST）S（IT）T（IBI）T（ERRA）L（EVIS） </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> Higham & Ryan 2013:7"The Anglo-Saxon World" </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> Hills, Catherine. Origins of the English. Duckworth Pub, 2003. p. 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> （英文）David Douglas: The Norman Achievement, 1050-1100, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1969, p.112. </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> Bennett, Judith M.; C. Warren Hollister. Medieval Europe: A Short History(Tenth Edition). The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. 2006. ISBN 0-07-295515-5. </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/south_west/7069001.stm">"Ancient skeleton was 'even older'</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213081240/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/south_west/7069001.stm">存檔</a>，存档日期13 February 2021.". <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 30 October 2007. Retrieved 27 April 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Koch, John T. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/celticculturehis00koch_128">Celtic culture: A historical encyclopedia</a><img alt="有限度免费查阅，超限则需付费订阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Lock-blue-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-blue-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" />. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. 2006: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/celticculturehis00koch_128/page/n1016">973</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-85109-440-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-85109-440-0">ISBN 978-1-85109-440-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Koch%2C+John+T.&rft.btitle=Celtic+culture%3A+A+historical+encyclopedia&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-85109-440-0&rft.pages=973&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcelticculturehis00koch_128&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <cite class="citation magazine"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/athelstan.shtml">Short Athelstan biography</a>. BBC History. [9 April 2013]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070213191353/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/athelstan.shtml">存档</a>于13 February 2007）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Short+Athelstan+biography&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fhistoric_figures%2Fathelstan.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Haigh, Christopher. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistori0000unse_a9n8/page/30">The Cambridge Historical Encyclopedia of Great Britain and Ireland</a>. Cambridge University Press. 1990: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cambridgehistori0000unse_a9n8/page/30">30</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-521-39552-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-521-39552-6">ISBN 978-0-521-39552-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.aulast=Haigh&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Historical+Encyclopedia+of+Great+Britain+and+Ireland&rft.date=1990&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-521-39552-6&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcambridgehistori0000unse_a9n8%2Fpage%2F30&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100419253">Statute of Rhuddlan</a>. Oxford Reference. [2014-07-26]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141113220641/http://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100419253">存档</a>于2014-11-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Statute+of+Rhuddlan&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordreference.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Foi%2Fauthority.20110803100419253&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-RDEOGB1999-58"><a href="#cite_ref-RDEOGB1999_58-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_r1i1">Illustrated Encyclopedia of Britain</a>. London: Reader's Digest. 1999: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000unse_r1i1/page/459">459</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-276-42412-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-276-42412-0">ISBN 978-0-276-42412-0</a>. <q>A country and principality within the mainland of Britain ... about half a million</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+Britain&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-276-42412-0&rft.pages=459&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fillustratedencyc0000unse_r1i1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_Tudors-59"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_Tudors_59-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/wales_tudors_01.shtml">Wales under the Tudors</a>. BBC. 2009-11-05 [2010-09-21]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/67yH03zDv?url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/tudors/wales_tudors_01.shtml">存档</a>于2012-05-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Wales+under+the+Tudors&rft.date=2009-11-05&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fhistory%2Fbritish%2Ftudors%2Fwales_tudors_01.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Hen8/27/26/contents">Laws in Wales Act 1535 (repealed 21.12.1993)</a>. legislation.gov.uk. [2014-07-26]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141020005435/http://www.legislation.gov.uk/aep/Hen8/27/26/contents">存档</a>于2014-10-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Laws+in+Wales+Act+1535+%28repealed+21.12.1993%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=legislation.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Faep%2FHen8%2F27%2F26%2Fcontents&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/articles/the_wars_of_independence/">Scotland's History: The Wars of Independence</a>. BBC. [2024-04-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100804023809/http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/articles/the_wars_of_independence/">存档</a>于2010-08-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Scotland%27s+History%3A+The+Wars+of+Independence&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fscotland%2Fhistory%2Farticles%2Fthe_wars_of_independence%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> ; <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004063959/http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/higherscottishhistory/warsofindependence/index.asp">The Scottish Wars of Independence, 1286–1328</a>. Education Scotland. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/higherscottishhistory/warsofindependence/index.asp">原始内容</a>存档于4 October 2013）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=The+Scottish+Wars+of+Independence%2C+1286%E2%80%931328&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Education+Scotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.educationscotland.gov.uk%2Fhigherscottishhistory%2Fwarsofindependence%2Findex.asp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMacnamee2006" class="citation">Macnamee, Colm, The Wars of the Bruces: England and Ireland 1306–1328, Edinburgh: Donald, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0859766531" title="Special:网络书源/978-0859766531">ISBN 978-0859766531</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Colm&rft.aulast=Macnamee&rft.btitle=The+Wars+of+the+Bruces%3A+England+and+Ireland+1306%E2%80%931328&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0859766531&rft.place=Edinburgh&rft.pub=Donald&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  p. 63 </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <cite class="citation web">John Daniel McVey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uotc.scran.ac.uk/">The Union of The Crowns 1603 - 2003</a>. Uotc.scran.ac.uk. [2013-10-25]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165610/http://uotc.scran.ac.uk/">存档</a>于2016-03-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=John+Daniel+McVey&rft.btitle=The+Union+of+The+Crowns+1603+-+2003&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Uotc.scran.ac.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuotc.scran.ac.uk%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> David Lawrence Smith, A History of the Modern British Isles, 1603–1707: The Double Crown (1998), Chapter 2 </li> <li id="cite_note-Mitchison2002p314-65"><a href="#cite_ref-Mitchison2002p314_65-0">^</a> R. Mitchison, A History of Scotland (London: Routledge, 3rd edn., 2002), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61200749">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E4%B9%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="国际标准书号">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0415278805" title="Special:网络书源/0415278805">0415278805</a>, p. 314. </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> The Acts of Union passed by both parliaments in 1800 and which created the United Kingdom, came into effect on 1 January 1801. </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> House of Commons Foreign Affairs Committee (1 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmfaff/643/643.pdf">Foreign policy considerations for the UK and Scotland in the event of Scotland becoming an independent country</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20201218111009/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201213/cmselect/cmfaff/643/643.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. London: The Stationery Office. Ev 106. </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Oliver, J. D. B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f9FGwkXiIS0C&lpg=PA188&dq=Royal%20and%20Parliamentary%20Titles%20Act%201927&pg=PA187#v=onepage&q=Royal%20and%20Parliamentary%20Titles%20Act%201927&f=false">What's in a Name?</a>. John Tiley (ed.) (编). Studies in the history of tax law. Tax Law History Conference. Oxford ; Portland, Or: Hart Publishing. 2004 [2019-06-13]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/1841134732" title="Special:网络书源/1841134732">ISBN 1841134732</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918013058/https://books.google.com/books?id=f9FGwkXiIS0C&lpg=PA188&dq=Royal%20and%20Parliamentary%20Titles%20Act%201927&pg=PA187#v=onepage&q=Royal%20and%20Parliamentary%20Titles%20Act%201927&f=false">存档</a>于2020-09-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=What%27s+in+a+Name%3F&rft.aufirst=J.+D.+B.&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.btitle=Studies+in+the+history+of+tax+law&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=1841134732&rft.place=Oxford+%3B+Portland%2C+Or&rft.pub=Hart+Publishing&rft.series=Tax+Law+History+Conference&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df9FGwkXiIS0C%26lpg%3DPA188%26dq%3DRoyal%2520and%2520Parliamentary%2520Titles%2520Act%25201927%26pg%3DPA187%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DRoyal%2520and%2520Parliamentary%2520Titles%2520Act%25201927%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Sparrow, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/4790900/Some-predecessors-kept-their-nerve-others-lost-their-heads.html">Some predecessors kept their nerve, others lost their heads</a>. The Daily Telegraph (UK). 28 October 2000 [3 June 2009]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525084941/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/4790900/Some-predecessors-kept-their-nerve-others-lost-their-heads.html">存档</a>于2010-05-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Some+predecessors+kept+their+nerve%2C+others+lost+their+heads&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.aulast=Sparrow&rft.date=2000-10-28&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuknews%2F4790900%2FSome-predecessors-kept-their-nerve-others-lost-their-heads.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Gregg, Pauline. King Charles I. London: Dent. 1981: 40. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-460-04437-0" title="Special:网络书源/0-460-04437-0">ISBN 0-460-04437-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rft.aulast=Gregg&rft.btitle=King+Charles+I&rft.date=1981&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-460-04437-0&rft.pages=40&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Dent&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Anderson, Angela. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/introductiontost0000ande_b8o1">An Introduction to Stuart Britain, 1603–1714</a>. Access to History. Hodder Education. 1999. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780340737446" title="Special:网络书源/9780340737446">ISBN 9780340737446</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Angela&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+Stuart+Britain%2C+1603%E2%80%931714&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780340737446&rft.pub=Hodder+Education&rft.series=Access+to+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fintroductiontost0000ande_b8o1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Carlton, Charles. Charles I: The Personal Monarch 2nd ed. London: Routledge. 1995: 153–154. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-4151-2141-8" title="Special:网络书源/0-4151-2141-8">ISBN 0-4151-2141-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.aulast=Carlton&rft.btitle=Charles+I%3A+The+Personal+Monarch&rft.date=1995&rft.edition=2nd+ed&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-4151-2141-8&rft.pages=153-154&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-:9-74">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:9_74-0">63.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:9_74-1">63.1</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/parliamentaryauthority/civilwar/overview/personal-rule/">The Personal Rule of Charles I</a>. 英国议会官网. [2024-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241007181722/https://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/evolutionofparliament/parliamentaryauthority/civilwar/overview/personal-rule/">存档</a>于2024-10-07） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=The+Personal+Rule+of+Charles+I&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AE%98%E7%BD%91&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parliament.uk%2Fabout%2Fliving-heritage%2Fevolutionofparliament%2Fparliamentaryauthority%2Fcivilwar%2Foverview%2Fpersonal-rule%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Cust, Richard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/charlesipolitica00cust">Charles I: A Political Life</a>. 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[2024-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240815120608/https://www.britannica.com/event/Battle-of-Naseby">存档</a>于2024-08-15） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Battle+of+Naseby+%7C+Summary+%7C+Britannica&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fevent%2FBattle-of-Naseby&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Edwards, Graham. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofcharle0000edwa/page/100/mode/2up">The Last Days of Charles I</a>. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. 1999: 100. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-7509-2079-3" title="Special:网络书源/0-7509-2079-3">ISBN 0-7509-2079-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.btitle=The+Last+Days+of+Charles+I&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7509-2079-3&rft.pages=100&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flastdaysofcharle0000edwa%2Fpage%2F100%2Fmode%2F2up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL13527275M/The_constitutional_documents_of_the_Puritan_revolution_1625-1660">The Constitutional Documents of the Puritan Revolution 1625–1660</a> 3rd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 1906: 371–374 [2024-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240525062424/https://openlibrary.org/books/OL13527275M/The_constitutional_documents_of_the_Puritan_revolution_1625-1660">存档</a>于2024-05-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=The+Constitutional+Documents+of+the+Puritan+Revolution+1625%E2%80%931660&rft.date=1906&rft.edition=3rd+ed&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=371-374&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL13527275M%2FThe_constitutional_documents_of_the_Puritan_revolution_1625-1660&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Death_warrant_of_King_Charles_I">Death warrant of King Charles I - Wikisource, the free online library</a>. en.wikisource.org. [2024-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241120083337/https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Death_warrant_of_King_Charles_I">存档</a>于2024-11-20） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Death+warrant+of+King+Charles+I+-+Wikisource%2C+the+free+online+library&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.wikisource.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FDeath_warrant_of_King_Charles_I&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-:10-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:10_80-0">69.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:10_80-1">69.1</a> <cite class="citation book">Edwards, Graham. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lastdaysofcharle0000edwa/page/100/mode/2up">The Last Days of Charles I</a>. Stroud: Sutton Publishing. 1999: 190. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-7509-2079-3" title="Special:网络书源/0-7509-2079-3">ISBN 0-7509-2079-3</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.btitle=The+Last+Days+of+Charles+I&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7509-2079-3&rft.pages=190&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flastdaysofcharle0000edwa%2Fpage%2F100%2Fmode%2F2up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Holmes, Clive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whywascharlesiex0000holm">Why was Charles I Executed?</a>. London & New York: Hambledon Continuum. 2006: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whywascharlesiex0000holm/page/n138">121</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/1-8528-5282-8" title="Special:网络书源/1-8528-5282-8">ISBN 1-8528-5282-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.btitle=Why+was+Charles+I+Executed%3F&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-8528-5282-8&rft.pages=121&rft.place=London+%26+New+York&rft.pub=Hambledon+Continuum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhywascharlesiex0000holm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Holmes, Clive. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whywascharlesiex0000holm">Why was Charles I Executed?</a>. London & New York: Hambledon Continuum. 2006: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whywascharlesiex0000holm/page/n192">175</a>-176. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/1-8528-5282-8" title="Special:网络书源/1-8528-5282-8">ISBN 1-8528-5282-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft.aulast=Holmes&rft.btitle=Why+was+Charles+I+Executed%3F&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=1-8528-5282-8&rft.pages=175-176&rft.place=London+%26+New+York&rft.pub=Hambledon+Continuum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwhywascharlesiex0000holm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Jones, J. R. The Revolution of 1688 in England. Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 1988: 222. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-297-99569-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-297-99569-2">ISBN 978-0-297-99569-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=J.+R&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.btitle=The+Revolution+of+1688+in+England&rft.date=1988&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-297-99569-2&rft.pages=222&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+and+Nicolson&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Miller, John. James II; A study in kingship. Menthuen. 1978: 199. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0413652904" title="Special:网络书源/978-0413652904">ISBN 978-0413652904</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=John&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.btitle=James+II%3B+A+study+in+kingship&rft.date=1978&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0413652904&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Menthuen&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-II-king-of-England-Scotland-and-Ireland">James II | Biography, Religion, Accomplishments, Successor, & Facts | Britannica</a>. www.britannica.com. 2024-09-21 [2024-10-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210811203748/https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-II-king-of-England-Scotland-and-Ireland">存档</a>于2021-08-11） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=James+II+%7C+Biography%2C+Religion%2C+Accomplishments%2C+Successor%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft.date=2024-09-21&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FJames-II-king-of-England-Scotland-and-Ireland&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Rodger, N.A.M. 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Jowett.</a> (PDF). 1853 [2024-04-18]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240926212820/https://www.civilservant.org.uk/library/1854_Northcote_Trevelyan_Report.pdf">存档</a> (PDF)于2024-09-26）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Charles+E.+Trevelyan&rft.btitle=Report+on+the+Organisation+of+the+Permanent+Civil+Service%2C+Together+with+a+Letter+from+the+Rev.+B.+Jowett.&rft.date=1853&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.civilservant.org.uk%2Flibrary%2F1854_Northcote_Trevelyan_Report.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Simon Heffer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O1gbQwhBSiIC&pg=PA476">High Minds: The Victorians and the Birth of Modern Britain</a>. Random House. 2013: 476. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781446473825" title="Special:网络书源/9781446473825">ISBN 9781446473825</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Simon+Heffer&rft.btitle=High+Minds%3A+The+Victorians+and+the+Birth+of+Modern+Britain&rft.date=2013&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781446473825&rft.pages=476&rft.pub=Random+House&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DO1gbQwhBSiIC%26pg%3DPA476&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Gunther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Gunther（页面不存在）">Gunther, John</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.149663/2015.149663.Inside-Europe#page/n309/mode/2up">Inside Europe</a>. New York: Harper & Brothers. 1940: 287.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Gunther%2C+John&rft.btitle=Inside+Europe&rft.date=1940&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=287&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Brothers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.149663%2F2015.149663.Inside-Europe%23page%2Fn309%2Fmode%2F2up&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> Patricia Greer, 1994,Transforming Central Government: the Next Steps, preface. </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarah_Carter-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Sarah_Carter_131-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/67yH6Ly5h?url=http://www.llrx.com/features/uk2.htm#UK%20Legal%20System">A Guide To the UK Legal System</a>. University of Kent at Canterbury. [2006-05-16]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llrx.com/features/uk2.htm#UK%20Legal%20System">原始内容</a>存档于2012-05-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=A+Guide+To+the+UK+Legal+System&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Kent+at+Canterbury&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.llrx.com%2Ffeatures%2Fuk2.htm%23UK%2520Legal%2520System&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Carter, Sarah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120505115306/http://www.llrtwitter.com/features/uk2.htm">A Guide To the UK Legal System</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" title="肯特大学">University of Kent</a> at Canterbury. [16 May 2006]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.llrtwitter.com/features/uk2.htm#UK%20Legal%20System">原始内容</a>存档于5 May 2012）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Carter%2C+Sarah&rft.btitle=A+Guide+To+the+UK+Legal+System&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+Kent+at+Canterbury&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.llrtwitter.com%2Ffeatures%2Fuk2.htm%23UK%2520Legal%2520System&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> See R (Miller) v Prime Minister [2019] UKSC 41 (Parliamentary sovereignty), R (UNISON) v Lord Chancellor [2017] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKSC/2017/51.html">UKSC 51</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230104095357/https://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKSC/2017/51.html">存檔</a>，存档日期4 January 2023., [67] ff (rule of law), R (Animal Defenders International) v Secretary of State for Culture Media and Sport [2008] UKHL 15, [48] (democracy), R v Lyons [2002] <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKHL/2002/44.html">UKHL 44</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230122064021/https://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKHL/2002/44.html">存檔</a>，存档日期22 January 2023., [27] (international law). </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> It is characteristic of the common law to adopt an approach based "on precedent, and on the development of the law incrementally and by analogy with established authorities". Robinson v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire Police <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKSC/2018/4.html">[2018] UKSC 4</a> at para. 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> The Common Law and Civil Law Traditions, Robbins Collection, University of California at Berkeley.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.law.berkeley.edu/library/robbins/CommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160422031516/https://www.law.berkeley.edu/library/robbins/CommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html">存檔</a>，存档日期22 April 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Friedman, Lawrence M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y5KwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA83">A History of American Law</a> 4th. 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Between 1808 and 1828, the briefs filed in court cases in the <a href="/wiki/Territory_of_Michigan" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory of Michigan">Territory of Michigan</a> changed from a complete reliance on English sources of law to an increasing reliance on citations to American sources. </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160422031516/https://www.law.berkeley.edu/library/robbins/CommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html">The Common Law and Civil Law Traditions</a>. [11 June 2016]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.berkeley.edu/library/robbins/CommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html">原始内容</a>存档于22 April 2016）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=The+Common+Law+and+Civil+Law+Traditions&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.law.berkeley.edu%2Flibrary%2Frobbins%2FCommonLawCivilLawTraditions.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> "5. 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UN Statistics Division. 2007-08 [2008-10-21]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/9th-UNCSGN-Docs/E-CONF-98-48-Add1.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2009-12-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=United+Nations+Economic+and+Social+Council&rft.btitle=Ninth+UN+Conference+on+the+standardization+of+Geographical+Names&rft.date=2007-08&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UN+Statistics+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funstats.un.org%2Funsd%2Fgeoinfo%2F9th-UNCSGN-Docs%2FE-CONF-98-48-Add1.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5hYQkeu1p?url=http://www.gos.gov.uk/national/">Welcome to the national site of the Government Office Network</a>. Government Offices. [2008-07-03]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gos.gov.uk/national/">原始内容</a>存档于2009-06-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Welcome+to+the+national+site+of+the+Government+Office+Network&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Government+Offices&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gos.gov.uk%2Fnational%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080421023053/http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/city-government/history.jsp">A short history of London government</a>. Greater London Authority. [2008-10-04]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london.gov.uk/london-life/city-government/history.jsp">原始内容</a>存档于2008-04-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=A+short+history+of+London+government&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Greater+London+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london.gov.uk%2Flondon-life%2Fcity-government%2Fhistory.jsp&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118195001/http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/aio/39780">Local Authority Elections</a>. Local Government Association. [2008-10-03]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lga.gov.uk/lga/aio/39780">原始内容</a>存档于2012-01-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Local+Authority+Elections&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Local+Government+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lga.gov.uk%2Flga%2Faio%2F39780&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Ferguson, Niall. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/empire00nial">Empire, The rise and demise of the British world order and the lessons for global power</a>. Basic Books. 2004. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0465023282" title="Special:网络书源/0465023282">ISBN 0465023282</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Niall&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.btitle=Empire%2C+The+rise+and+demise+of+the+British+world+order+and+the+lessons+for+global+power&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0465023282&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fempire00nial&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thecommonwealth.org/about-us">About us</a>. The Commonwealth. 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Day 1 Mon, March 13, 2023 (SPE). 2023-03-13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2118%2F214064-ms">doi:10.2118/214064-ms</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Innovative+Performance+Models+for+Integrated+Projects+in+Offshore+Deepwater+Operations&rft.aufirst=Andres+Felipe&rft.aulast=Nunez+Davila&rft.date=2023-03-13&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Day+1+Mon%2C+March+13%2C+2023&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.2118%2F214064-ms&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2118%2F214064-ms&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u45304">Easton, Mark Richard Erskine, (born 12 March 1959), Home Editor, BBC News, since 2004</a>. Who's Who (Oxford University Press). 2007-12-01 [2023-06-06]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200427165906/http://www.ukwhoswho.com/view/10.1093/ww/9780199540884.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-45304">存档</a>于2020-04-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Easton%2C+Mark+Richard+Erskine%2C+%28born+12+March+1959%29%2C+Home+Editor%2C+BBC+News%2C+since+2004&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Who%27s+Who&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u45304&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Cole, Jeffrey. Ethnic groups of Europe: an encyclopedia. Ethnic groups of the world. 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[2023-03-11]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1078073/international-comparison-uk-research-base-2022-accompanying-note.pdf">原始内容</a> (PDF)存档于2023-03-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=International+comparison+of+the+UK+research+base%2C+2022&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.publishing.service.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fuploads%2Fsystem%2Fuploads%2Fattachment_data%2Ffile%2F1078073%2Finternational-comparison-uk-research-base-2022-accompanying-note.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> ，在英國發行的知名科學期刊包括《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="皇家学会">皇家学会</a>》《<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6_(%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A)" title="自然 (期刊)">自然</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%9F%E5%88%8A" title="英國醫學期刊">英國醫學期刊</a>》和《<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B3%E8%91%89%E5%88%80_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="柳葉刀 (雜誌)">柳葉刀</a>》<cite class="citation journal">McCook, Alison. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110816230933/http://gaia.pge.utexas.edu/Good/Materials/scientist_02_28_2006.htm">Is peer review broken?</a>. The Scientist. 2006, 20 (2): 26 [2011-06-22]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gaia.pge.utexas.edu/Good/Materials/scientist_02_28_2006.htm">原始内容</a>存档于2011-08-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Is+peer+review+broken%3F&rft.au=McCook%2C+Alison&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=The+Scientist&rft.pages=26&rft.volume=20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgaia.pge.utexas.edu%2FGood%2FMaterials%2Fscientist_02_28_2006.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230311112253/https://www.nesta.org.uk/data-visualisation-and-interactive/european-digital-social-innovation-index/">The European Digital Social Innovation Index</a>. [2023-03-11]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nesta.org.uk/data-visualisation-and-interactive/european-digital-social-innovation-index/">原始内容</a>存档于2023-03-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=The+European+Digital+Social+Innovation+Index&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nesta.org.uk%2Fdata-visualisation-and-interactive%2Feuropean-digital-social-innovation-index%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> 到2022年，英国继续保持欧洲科技第一的位置，总市值达到1万亿美元，位居世界第三。剑桥因培养成功的技术创始人而被评为世界第一大学。同样在2022年，伦敦是美国以外的顶级科技生态系统，英国对快速发展的科技公司的投资是任何其他欧洲国家的两倍多。<cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230324084604/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-tech-sector-retains-1-spot-in-europe-and-3-in-world-as-sector-resilience-brings-continued-growth">UK tech sector retains #1 spot in Europe and #3 in world as sector resilience brings continued growth</a>. UK Government. [2023-03-24]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-tech-sector-retains-1-spot-in-europe-and-3-in-world-as-sector-resilience-brings-continued-growth">原始内容</a>存档于2023-03-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=UK+tech+sector+retains+%231+spot+in+Europe+and+%233+in+world+as+sector+resilience+brings+continued+growth&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UK+Government&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fnews%2Fuk-tech-sector-retains-1-spot-in-europe-and-3-in-world-as-sector-resilience-brings-continued-growth&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230311130419/https://www.startupblink.com/">Best Cities for Startups</a>. [2023-03-11]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startupblink.com">原始内容</a>存档于2023-03-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Best+Cities+for+Startups&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.startupblink.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  (last checked 11 March 2023) </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Joe, Moran. Reading the Everyday. 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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Transport. 2008-08, 161 (3). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0965-092X">ISSN 0965-092X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1680%2Ftran.2008.161.3.103">doi:10.1680/tran.2008.161.3.103</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=A+pricing+and+investment+strategy+for+national+roads&rft.au=Banks%2C+N.&rft.au=Glaister%2C+S.&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.aulast=Bayliss&rft.date=2008-08&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0965-092X&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Institution+of+Civil+Engineers+-+Transport&rft.volume=161&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1680%2Ftran.2008.161.3.103&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1680%2Ftran.2008.161.3.103&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Mallard, Graham; Glaister, Stephen. 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Douglas Lyall, (3 Oct. 1914–28 Dec. 1978), GOC 53 (Welsh) Division (TA)/Wales District, December 1963–May 1968, retired</a>. 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Who Was Who (Oxford University Press). 2007-12-01 [2023-06-09]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006052510/https://www.ukwhoswho.com/display/10.1093/ww/9780199540891.001.0001/ww-9780199540884-e-192025">存档</a>于2024-10-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Waters%2C+Alfred+Charles%2C+%281848%E2%80%9318+April+1912%29%2C+Chief+Clerk%2C+General+Register+Office&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Who+Was+Who&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1093%2Fww%2F9780199540884.013.u192025&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Goodwin, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1049/esn.1983.0002">The new technology: where is it taking us?—asks BBC series</a>. Electronic Systems News. 1983, 1983 (1) [2023-06-09]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0265-0096">ISSN 0265-0096</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1049%2Fesn.1983.0002">doi:10.1049/esn.1983.0002</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006052647/https://digital-library.theiet.org/content/journals/10.1049/esn.1983.0002">存档</a>于2024-10-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=The+new+technology%3A+where+is+it+taking+us%3F%E2%80%94asks+BBC+series&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.aulast=Goodwin&rft.date=1983&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0265-0096&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Electronic+Systems+News&rft.volume=1983&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1049%2Fesn.1983.0002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1049%2Fesn.1983.0002&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-281"><a href="#cite_ref-281">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Edwards, John Robert. 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[2015-03-09]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140415013542/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/schoolgate/aboutschool/content/inwelsh.shtml">存档</a>于2014-04-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=The+School+Gate+for+parents+in+Wales&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fwales%2Fschoolgate%2Faboutschool%2Fcontent%2Finwelsh.shtml&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-287"><a href="#cite_ref-287">^</a> "2011 Census - Built-up areas". ONS. 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Digital Spy. 2012-02-16 [2012-03-22]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320153244/http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a366130/adele-coldplay-biggest-selling-uk-artists-worldwide-in-2011.html">存档</a>于2012-03-20）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Adele%2C+Coldplay+biggest-selling+UK+artists+worldwide+in+2011&rft.au=Corner%2C+Lewis&rft.date=2012-02-16&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Spy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalspy.co.uk%2Fmusic%2Fnews%2Fa366130%2Fadele-coldplay-biggest-selling-uk-artists-worldwide-in-2011.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-record-366"><a href="#cite_ref-record_366-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Beaumont-Thomas, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/02/ed-sheeran-breaks-u2-record-for-highest-grossing-tour-ever">Ed Sheeran breaks U2's record for highest-grossing tour ever</a>. The Guardian. 2019-08-02 [2024-07-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191215162029/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/02/ed-sheeran-breaks-u2-record-for-highest-grossing-tour-ever">存档</a>于2019-12-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Ed+Sheeran+breaks+U2%27s+record+for+highest-grossing+tour+ever&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft.aulast=Beaumont-Thomas&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2019%2Faug%2F02%2Fed-sheeran-breaks-u2-record-for-highest-grossing-tour-ever&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-367"><a href="#cite_ref-367">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/marking-relevant-national-events-and-ceremonies/supporting-pages/remembrance-sunday">Remembrance Sunday</a>. Department for Culture Media and Sport. [2022-04-19]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141107182106/https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/marking-relevant-national-events-and-ceremonies/supporting-pages/remembrance-sunday">存档</a>于2014-11-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Remembrance+Sunday&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Department+for+Culture+Media+and+Sport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.uk%2Fgovernment%2Fpolicies%2Fmarking-relevant-national-events-and-ceremonies%2Fsupporting-pages%2Fremembrance-sunday&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-368"><a href="#cite_ref-368">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Richards, Jeffrey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zSJ7zXkBc3MC&pg=PA155">Imperialism and Music: Britain 1876–1953</a>. Manchester University Press. 2001: 155–156. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-7190-4506-1" title="Special:网络书源/0-7190-4506-1">ISBN 0-7190-4506-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.btitle=Imperialism+and+Music%3A+Britain+1876%E2%80%931953&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-7190-4506-1&rft.pages=155-156&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzSJ7zXkBc3MC%26pg%3DPA155&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-369"><a href="#cite_ref-369">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2012/feb/22/brit-awards-winners-list-2012">"Brit awards winners list 2012: every winner since 1977"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160105143310/https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2012/feb/22/brit-awards-winners-list-2012">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. 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London: Chatto & Windus. 2001. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-85619-273-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-85619-273-6">ISBN 978-1-85619-273-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Citron%2C+Stephen&rft.btitle=Sondheim+and+Lloyd-Webber%3A+The+new+musical&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-85619-273-6&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAWaZ1LAFAZEC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Liverpool_vs_Stavanger-371"><a href="#cite_ref-Liverpool_vs_Stavanger_371-0">^</a> <cite class="citation news">Hughes, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180618175425/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/a-tale-of-two-cities-of-culture-liverpool-vs-stavanger-770076.html?r=RSS">A tale of two cities of culture: Liverpool vs Stavanger</a>. The Independent (London). 2008-01-14 [2009-08-02]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/a-tale-of-two-cities-of-culture-liverpool-vs-stavanger-770076.html?r=RSS">原始内容</a>存档于2018-06-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=A+tale+of+two+cities+of+culture%3A+Liverpool+vs+Stavanger&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.date=2008-01-14&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fthis-britain%2Fa-tale-of-two-cities-of-culture-liverpool-vs-stavanger-770076.html%3Fr%3DRSS&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-dnb-372"><a href="#cite_ref-dnb_372-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.redbull.com/gb-en/history-of-drum-and-bass-music">Out of the melting pot: The origins and evolution of drum'n'bass</a>. Red Bull. [2021-08-01]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241119213417/https://www.redbull.com/gb-en/history-of-drum-and-bass-music">存档</a>于2024-11-19）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Out+of+the+melting+pot%3A+The+origins+and+evolution+of+drum%27n%27bass&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Red+Bull&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.redbull.com%2Fgb-en%2Fhistory-of-drum-and-bass-music&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-373"><a href="#cite_ref-373">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/07/01/birmingham.home.of.metal/index.html">Birmingham, England ... the unlikely birthplace of heavy metal</a>. www.cnn.com. [2022-02-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326052310/http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/europe/07/01/birmingham.home.of.metal/index.html">存档</a>于2023-03-26） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Birmingham%2C+England+...+the+unlikely+birthplace+of+heavy+metal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=www.cnn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Feurope%2F07%2F01%2Fbirmingham.home.of.metal%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-374"><a href="#cite_ref-374">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Bentley, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.birminghampost.co.uk/whats-on/music/birmingham-birthplace-of-heavy-metal-4031445">Midlands rocks! How Birmingham's industrial heritage made it the birthplace of heavy metal</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Post&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birmingham Post（页面不存在）">Birmingham Post</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_Post" class="extiw" title="en:Birmingham Post">Birmingham Post</a>）. 2013-06-04 [2022-02-28]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190522134603/https://www.birminghampost.co.uk/whats-on/music/birmingham-birthplace-of-heavy-metal-4031445">存档</a>于2019-05-22） （英语）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Midlands+rocks%21+How+Birmingham%27s+industrial+heritage+made+it+the+birthplace+of+heavy+metal&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Bentley&rft.date=2013-06-04&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-all+%22+data-orig-title%3D%22Birmingham+Post%22+data-lang-code%3D%22en%22+data-lang-name%3D%22%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%22+data-foreign-title%3D%22Birmingham+Post%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-page%22%3EBirmingham+Post%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22noprint+ilh-comment%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-paren%22%3E%EF%BC%88%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-lang%22%3E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-colon%22%3E%EF%BC%9A%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-link%22%3E-%7B%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22+dir%3D%22auto%22%3EBirmingham+Post%3C%2Fspan%3E%7D-%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22ilh-paren%22%3E%EF%BC%89%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.birminghampost.co.uk%2Fwhats-on%2Fmusic%2Fbirmingham-birthplace-of-heavy-metal-4031445&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-375"><a href="#cite_ref-375">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFUKTV" class="citation"><a href="/wiki/UKTV" title="UKTV">UKTV</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uktv.co.uk/food/item/aid/532951">British cuisine</a>, uktv.co.uk, [2008-05-23], （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150707224436/http://uktv.co.uk/food/item/aid/532951">存档</a>于2015-07-07）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=UKTV&rft.btitle=British+cuisine&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=uktv.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuktv.co.uk%2Ffood%2Fitem%2Faid%2F532951&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Spencer-376">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Spencer_376-0">362.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spencer_376-1">362.1</a> <cite id="CITEREFSpencer2003" class="citation">Spencer, Colin, British Food: An Extraordinary Thousand Years of History, <a 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class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20200328055511/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1275320/The-Portuguese-gave-fried-fish-Belgians-invented-chips-150-years-ago-East-End-boy-united-create-The-Worlds-Greatest-Double-Act.html">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） Mail Online. Retrieved 21 September 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-379"><a href="#cite_ref-379">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Historic UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/afternoon-tea/">Afternoon Tea</a>. Historic UK website. [2013-03-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511050138/https://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Afternoon-Tea/">存档</a>于2021-05-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=Historic+UK&rft.btitle=Afternoon+Tea&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Historic+UK+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historic-uk.com%2FCultureUK%2Fafternoon-tea%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-380"><a href="#cite_ref-380">^</a> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tea.co.uk/catherine-of-braganza">Catherine of Braganza</a>, Tea.co.uk, [2009-09-05], （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200425214836/https://www.tea.co.uk/catherine-of-braganza">存档</a>于2020-04-25）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=Catherine+of+Braganza&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Tea.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tea.co.uk%2Fcatherine-of-braganza&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-UK_list-381"><a href="#cite_ref-UK_list_381-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gb">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland: Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List</a>. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [2020-08-15]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808032635/http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/gb">存档</a>于2020-08-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.btitle=United+Kingdom+of+Great+Britain+and+Northern+Ireland%3A+Properties+inscribed+on+the+World+Heritage+List&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Fstatesparties%2Fgb&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-382"><a href="#cite_ref-382">^</a> <cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cumbria-40547691">Unesco awards Lake District World Heritage Site status</a>. BBC. 2017-07-09 [2021-01-25]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191006074624/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cumbria-40547691">存档</a>于2019-10-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&rft.atitle=Unesco+awards+Lake+District+World+Heritage+Site+status&rft.date=2017-07-09&rft.genre=article&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-cumbria-40547691&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接">外部链接</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&section=70" title="编辑章节：外部链接">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%8E%E9%81%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="維基導遊">維基導遊</a>上的相關旅行指南：<a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="voy:英国">英国</a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83112147">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" />维基词典上的<a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/英国">字词解释</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" />维基共享资源上的<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="c:United Kingdom">多媒体资源</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" />维基新闻上的<a href="https://zh.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="n:Category:英国">新闻</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" />维基语录上的<a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="q:英国">名言</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" />维基文库上的<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/英国">原始文献</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />维基教科书上的<a href="https://zh.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/英国">教科书和手册</a></li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" />维基学院上的<a href="https://zh.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/英国">学习资源</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <dl><dt>政府資訊</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.uk/">政府官方網站</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20151129092159/http://www.gov.uk/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royal.gov.uk/">英國皇室官方網站</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20101202213352/http://www.royal.gov.uk/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210042804/http://ons.gov.uk/ons/index.html">英國官方年鑑</a> 統計數據</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.number10.gov.uk/">英國首相辦公室官方網站</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120527122919/http://www.number10.gov.uk/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <dl><dt>一般資訊</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18023389">英國</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210511050214/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-18023389">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）從 <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5" title="世界概况">世界概况</a>》上有关<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/uk">英國</a>的条目</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090406224510/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/british.htm">英國</a> 從 UCB Libraries GovPubs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%BC%8F%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="开放式目录">开放目录项目</a>中的“<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom">英国</a>”</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/615557/United-Kingdom">英國</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150503060559/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/615557/United-Kingdom">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） 大英百科全書 條目</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oecd.org/unitedkingdom/">英国</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210511050234/http://www.oecd.org/unitedkingdom/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）從 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%9A%A8%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" class="mw-redirect" title="經濟合作暨發展組織">OECD</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-kingdom/">英国</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20230922090326/https://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/united-kingdom/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）從 <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="英联邦">The Commonwealth</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/unitedkingdom/index_en.htm">英國</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160725004722/http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/unitedkingdom/index_en.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）在 <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲聯盟">EU</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GB">Key Development Forecasts for the United Kingdom</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210505125752/http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=GB">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）從<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E6%9C%9F%E8%B2%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="國際期貨（页面不存在）">國際期貨</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Futures" class="extiw" title="en:International Futures">International Futures</a>）</li></ul> <dl><dt>旅遊資訊</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitbritain.com">英國旅遊局指南官方網站</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091212060825/http://www.visitbritain.com/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitbritain.com/zt/HK/">繁體中文</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160210125842/http://www.visitbritain.com/zt/HK/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitbritain.cn/">簡體中文</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210511050304/http://www.visitbritain.cn/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%AF%BC%E6%B8%B8" title="维基导游">维基导游</a>上<a href="https://zh.wikivoyage.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" class="extiw" title="voy:英国">有關英国的旅行指南</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>其他資訊</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/uk.htm">英国版图和国家介绍</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210223123623/http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/europe/uk.htm">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishcouncil.org/">英國文化協會</a>（<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160101054217/http://www.britishcouncil.org/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（留學英國）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/">英國移民署</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140208004547/http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）（簽證相關規定）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090228220035/http://www.vfs-uk-tw.com/chinese/index.aspx">英國簽證申請中心</a>（提供予台灣的便民資訊）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090823053408/http://www.vfs-uk-cn.com/chinese/index1.aspx">英国签证申请中心</a>（提供予中国大陆的便民资讯）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070623040852/https://www.uktradeinvest.gov.uk/">英國貿易暨投資署</a>（英國貿易投資）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140521234314/http://www.xn--3eto8f02oimnu5k.com/">科茨沃尔德旅游局官方中文网站</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikimedia-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/15px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/23px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Wikimedia-logo.svg/30px-Wikimedia-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of United Kingdom">維基媒體的英国地圖集</a> <a href="/wiki/File:Gnome-globe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/15px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/23px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/30px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a> （英文）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /> <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" class="mw-redirect" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a>上有關<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/62149">英国</a>的地理信息</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Template:英國主題"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Template talk:英國主題"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E9%A1%8C" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:英國主題"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=英国&#124;link=英国_大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国主题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a>主题</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%A6%82%E8%BF%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国概述（页面不存在）">概述</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of the United Kingdom">Outline of the United Kingdom</a>） · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9B%B8%E5%85%B3%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国相关条目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_United_Kingdom%E2%80%93related_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of United Kingdom–related articles">Index of United Kingdom–related articles</a>）</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="英國歷史">历史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="英國歷史年表">年表</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%8F%8A%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的成立（页面不存在）">成立</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formation_of_the_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland">Formation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="乔治时代">乔治时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="维多利亚时代">维多利亚时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="爱德华时代">爱德华时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="第一次世界大战中的英国">第一次世界大战</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%A4%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%E6%9C%9F%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="两次世界大战期间的英国（页面不存在）">大战间歇期</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interwar_Britain" class="extiw" title="en:Interwar Britain">Interwar Britain</a>）</li> <li>第二次世界大战 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%E6%9C%9F%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8E%E6%96%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第二次世界大战期间的英国后方（页面不存在）">民政</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_home_front_during_World_War_II" class="extiw" title="en:United Kingdom home front during World War II">United Kingdom home front during World War II</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%E6%9C%9F%E9%97%B4%E7%9A%84%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第二次世界大战期间的英国军事史（页面不存在）">军事</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_World_War_II" class="extiw" title="en:Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II">Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II</a>）</li></ul></li> <li>二战后 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8F%B2_(1945%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1979%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国政治史 (1945年－1979年)（页面不存在）">政治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postwar_Britain_(1945%E2%80%931979)" class="extiw" title="en:Postwar Britain (1945–1979)">Postwar Britain (1945–1979)</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%B2_(1945%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1979%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国社会史 (1945年－1979年)（页面不存在）">社会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_history_of_Postwar_Britain_(1945%E2%80%931979)" class="extiw" title="en:Social history of Postwar Britain (1945–1979)">Social history of Postwar Britain (1945–1979)</a>）</li></ul></li> <li>1979年以后 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8F%B2_(1979%E5%B9%B4%E8%BF%84%E4%BB%8A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国政治史 (1979年迄今)（页面不存在）">政治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1979%E2%80%93present)" class="extiw" title="en:Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)">Political history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%B2_(1979%E5%B9%B4%E8%BF%84%E4%BB%8A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国社会史 (1979年迄今)（页面不存在）">社会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_(1979%E2%80%93present)" class="extiw" title="en:Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)">Social history of the United Kingdom (1979–present)</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主题类别</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国经济史（页面不存在）">经济</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Economic history of the United Kingdom">Economic history of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">帝国</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国外交史（页面不存在）">外交</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_foreign_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom">History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom</a>） <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB_(1814%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1819%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大国国际关系 (1814年－1819年)（页面不存在）">1814年－1819年</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_relations_of_the_Great_Powers_(1814%E2%80%931919)" class="extiw" title="en:International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)">International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国航海史（页面不存在）">航海</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Maritime history of the United Kingdom">Maritime history of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国军事史（页面不存在）">军事</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Military history of the United Kingdom">Military history of the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/100px-Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/150px-Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/200px-Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="478" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="英國地理">地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%92" title="英国行政区划">区划</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">构成国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">王室属地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">海外领土</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E9%83%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的郡（页面不存在）">郡</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counties_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Counties of the United Kingdom">Counties of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%8D" title="英國城市地位">市</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E9%95%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的镇列表（页面不存在）">镇</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_towns_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of towns in the United Kingdom">List of towns in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8E%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="从英国独立的国家列表">前殖民地</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="英國地理">地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="不列顛群島">不列顛群島</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%B1%E5%91%BC" title="不列顛群島的稱呼">术语</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E5%B3%B6" title="大不列顛島">大不列顛島</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E5%B2%B8%E7%BA%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的海岸线（页面不存在）">海岸线</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastline_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Coastline of the United Kingdom">Coastline of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国地质（页面不存在）">地质</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_Great_Britain" class="extiw" title="en:Geology of Great Britain">Geology of Great Britain</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B9%96%E6%B3%8A%E5%92%8C%E6%B2%BC%E6%B3%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国湖泊和沼泽列表（页面不存在）">湖泊 · 沼泽</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_lakes_and_lochs_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of lakes and lochs of the United Kingdom">List of lakes and lochs of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E5%92%8C%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不列颠群岛山脉和丘陵列表（页面不存在）">山脉 · 丘陵</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_British_Isles" class="extiw" title="en:Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles">Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B2%B3%E6%B5%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国河流列表（页面不存在）">河流</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of rivers of the United Kingdom">List of rivers of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国火山列表（页面不存在）">火山</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of volcanoes in the United Kingdom">List of volcanoes in the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7%E5%92%8C%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国生产和交易的可再生资源列表（页面不存在）">资源</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_renewable_resources_produced_and_traded_by_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of renewable resources produced and traded by the United Kingdom">List of renewable resources produced and traded by the United Kingdom</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国农业（页面不存在）">农业</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Agriculture in the United Kingdom">Agriculture in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国能源（页面不存在）">能源</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Energy in the United Kingdom">Energy in the United Kingdom</a>） / <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国可再生能源（页面不存在）">可再生能源</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">Renewable energy in the United Kingdom</a>） <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9F%B4%E6%B2%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的生物柴油（页面不存在）">生物柴油</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiesel_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Biodiesel in the United Kingdom">Biodiesel in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%85%A4%E7%9F%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的煤矿（页面不存在）">煤炭</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Coal mining in the United Kingdom">Coal mining in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E7%83%AD%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的地热发电（页面不存在）">地热</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Geothermal power in the United Kingdom">Geothermal power in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%8E%8B%E8%A3%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的水力压裂（页面不存在）">水力压裂</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_fracturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom">Hydraulic fracturing in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%B4%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的水力发电（页面不存在）">水力发电</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Hydroelectricity in the United Kingdom">Hydroelectricity in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国可再生能源（页面不存在）">海洋能源</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Renewable energy in the United Kingdom">Renewable energy in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E6%B2%B9%E7%94%B0" title="北海油田">北海油田</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E8%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的太阳能（页面不存在）">太阳能</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Solar power in the United Kingdom">Solar power in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E9%A3%8E%E8%83%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的风能（页面不存在）">风能</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Wind power in the United Kingdom">Wind power in the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul></li> <li>渔业 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%B8%94%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰渔业（页面不存在）">英格兰</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_England" class="extiw" title="en:Fishing industry in England">Fishing industry in England</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%B8%94%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰渔业（页面不存在）">苏格兰</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing_industry_in_Scotland" class="extiw" title="en:Fishing industry in Scotland">Fishing industry in Scotland</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%8B%A9%E7%8C%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的狩猎（页面不存在）">狩猎</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunting_and_shooting_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom">Hunting and shooting in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li>原料 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%92%8C%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E7%9A%84%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%BE%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国和爱尔兰的植物群（页面不存在）">植物</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Flora of Great Britain and Ireland">Flora of Great Britain and Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国林业（页面不存在）">林业</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forestry_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Forestry in the United Kingdom">Forestry in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国采矿业（页面不存在）">矿业</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Mining in the United Kingdom">Mining in the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="英国政治">政治</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="英国宪法">宪法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%AC%8A%E5%8A%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%94%BE" title="英國的權力下放">权力下放</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="英國選舉">选举</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="英国外交">外交</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%9D%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国人权（页面不存在）">人权</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Human rights in the United Kingdom">Human rights in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="英國司法機構">司法</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国法律（页面不存在）">法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Law of the United Kingdom">Law of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%89%A7%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国执法（页面不存在）">执法</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom">Law enforcement in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">君主</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国君主列表">名单</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E7%B1%8D%E6%B3%95" title="英國國籍法">国籍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A" title="英国议会">国会</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%8B%E8%AE%AE%E9%99%A2" title="英国下议院">下议院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%8A%E8%AD%B0%E9%99%A2" title="英國上議院">上议院</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国政党列表">政党</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%85%9A%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A7%E5%85%9A%E9%AD%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国政党女性党魁列表">女性党魁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%9A%87%E9%99%9B%E4%B8%8B%E6%9C%80%E5%BF%A0%E8%AA%A0%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%AD%90%E5%85%A7%E9%96%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="英皇陛下最忠誠的影子內閣">影子内阁</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="英國政府">政府</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%85%E9%98%81" title="英国内阁">内阁</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国政府列表（页面不存在）">列表</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_British_governments" class="extiw" title="en:List of British governments">List of British governments</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%AE%98%E9%98%9F%E4%BC%8D" title="英国文官队伍">文官</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%83%A8%E9%97%A8" title="英国政府部门">政府部门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%E9%81%9C%E5%85%A7%E9%96%A3" title="第二次約翰遜內閣">大臣</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%A4%A7%E8%87%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国政府大臣列表（页面不存在）">名单</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_government_ministers_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of government ministers of the United Kingdom">List of government ministers of the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8" title="英国首相">首相</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国首相列表">名单</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="英國軍隊">军事</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家海軍">皇家海军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D" title="英國陸軍">陆军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E7%A9%BA%E8%BB%8D" title="英國皇家空軍">皇家空军</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%88%87%E5%A4%A7%E8%A6%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%AE%BA%E5%82%B7%E6%80%A7%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="英國與大規模殺傷性武器">大规模杀伤性武器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E" title="英国经济">经济</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的银行列表（页面不存在）">银行</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_banks_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of banks in the United Kingdom">List of banks in the United Kingdom</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E9%93%B6%E8%A1%8C" title="英格兰银行">英格兰银行</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E9%A2%84%E7%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国预算（页面不存在）">预算</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Budget_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Budget of the United Kingdom">Budget of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国经济地理（页面不存在）">经济地理</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_geography_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Economic geography of the United Kingdom">Economic geography of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国制造业（页面不存在）">制造业</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Manufacturing in the United Kingdom">Manufacturing in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%95%91" title="英镑">英镑</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%92%8C%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的科学和技术（页面不存在）">科技</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Science and technology in the United Kingdom">Science and technology in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英国及其属地、领土的证券交易所列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E3%80%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国及其属地、领土的证券交易所列表（页面不存在）">证券交易所</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges_in_the_United_Kingdom,_the_British_Crown_Dependencies_and_United_Kingdom_Overseas_Territories" class="extiw" title="en:List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories">List of stock exchanges in the United Kingdom, the British Crown Dependencies and United Kingdom Overseas Territories</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6%E8%AF%81%E5%88%B8%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93%E6%89%80" title="伦敦证券交易所">伦敦证券交易所</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A8%8E%E6%94%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的税收（页面不存在）">税收</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Taxation in the United Kingdom">Taxation in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1%E4%B8%9A" title="英国电信业">电信业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%A7%80%E5%85%89" title="英國觀光">旅游业</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="英國交通">交通</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的铁路运输（页面不存在）">铁路</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Rail transport in the United Kingdom">Rail transport in the United Kingdom</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83" title="Category:英國社會">社会</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%8F%E6%88%BF%E8%B4%9F%E6%8B%85%E8%83%BD%E5%8A%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的住房负担能力（页面不存在）">住房负担能力</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affordability_of_housing_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Affordability of housing in the United Kingdom">Affordability of housing in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%8A%AF%E7%BD%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的犯罪（页面不存在）">犯罪</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Crime in the United Kingdom">Crime in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="英国人口">人口</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%AF%92%E5%93%81%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的毒品政策（页面不存在）">毒品政策</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_policy_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Drug policy of the United Kingdom">Drug policy of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="英国教育">教育</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的民族（页面不存在）">民族</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom">Ethnic groups in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的健康（页面不存在）">健康</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Health in the United Kingdom">Health in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的现代移民（页面不存在）">移民</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Modern immigration to the United Kingdom">Modern immigration to the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%9B%E6%96%B0%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国创新和发现列表（页面不存在）">创新</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_British_innovations_and_discoveries" class="extiw" title="en:List of British innovations and discoveries">List of British innovations and discoveries</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的语言（页面不存在）">语言</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Languages of the United Kingdom">Languages of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%AB%E5%9B%B0%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的贫困问题（页面不存在）">贫困</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Poverty in the United Kingdom">Poverty in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E8%B3%A3%E6%B7%AB%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="英國賣淫業">性交易业</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%81%87%E6%97%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的公共假日（页面不存在）">公共假日</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_holidays_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Public holidays in the United Kingdom">Public holidays in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%A7%E8%A7%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的种族歧视（页面不存在）">种族歧视</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Racism in the United Kingdom">Racism in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%80%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国的社会关怀（页面不存在）">社会关怀</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_care_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Social care in the United Kingdom">Social care in the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B" title="英國社會結構">社会阶级</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="英國文化">文化</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国艺术（页面不存在）">艺术</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Art of the United Kingdom">Art of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1" title="英国电影">电影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%A3%B2%E9%A3%9F" title="英國飲食">饮食</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E6%A0%87%E5%BF%97%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国文化标志列表（页面不存在）">文化标志</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cultural_icons_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:List of cultural icons of the United Kingdom">List of cultural icons of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%89%B9%E8%B4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国特质（页面不存在）">身份</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britishness" class="extiw" title="en:Britishness">Britishness</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="英國文學">文学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="英国媒体">媒体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" title="英國音樂">音乐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="英國宗教">宗教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E9%AB%94%E8%82%B2" title="英國體育">体育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD%E3%80%81%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E5%92%8C%E9%A9%AC%E6%81%A9%E5%B2%9B%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="联合王国、海峡群岛和马恩岛国家象征列表">国家象征</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%8F%E5%89%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英国戏剧（页面不存在）">戏剧</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theatre_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="extiw" title="en:Theatre of the United Kingdom">Theatre of the United Kingdom</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%B9%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%88%BB%E6%9D%BF%E5%8D%B0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="对英国人的刻板印象（页面不存在）">刻板印象</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotypes_of_the_British" class="extiw" title="en:Stereotypes of the British">Stereotypes of the British</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%81%97%E4%BA%A7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="英国世界遗产列表">世界遗产</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E5%9C%88" title="英语圈">英语圈</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">构成国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="英格蘭歷史">历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰社会（页面不存在）">社会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_society" class="extiw" title="en:English society">English society</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="英國歷史年表">年表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="英格蘭地理">地理</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰政治（页面不存在）">英格兰政治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_England" class="extiw" title="en:Politics of England">Politics of England</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="英格蘭法律制度">法律</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="英格蘭經濟">经济</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%A7%80%E5%85%89" title="英格蘭觀光">旅游业</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="英格兰教育">教育</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8C%BB%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰医护（页面不存在）">医护</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_England" class="extiw" title="en:Healthcare in England">Healthcare in England</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96" title="英國文化">文化</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰宗教（页面不存在）">宗教</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_England" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in England">Religion in England</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英格兰国家象征（页面不存在）">国家象征</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_symbols_of_England" class="extiw" title="en:National symbols of England">National symbols of England</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="北爱尔兰历史">历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0#地理" title="北爱尔兰">地理</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰政治（页面不存在）">政治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics of Northern Ireland</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="北愛爾蘭議會">议会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E9%99%A2" title="北愛爾蘭行政院">行政院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%95%BF%E5%92%8C%E5%89%AF%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%95%BF" title="北爱尔兰首席部长和副首席部长">首席部长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰法律（页面不存在）">法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Law of Northern Ireland">Law of Northern Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="北愛爾蘭經濟">经济</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E6%99%AF%E7%82%B9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爱尔兰旅游景点列表（页面不存在）">旅游业</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:List of tourist attractions in Ireland">List of tourist attractions in Ireland</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰教育（页面不存在）">教育</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Education in Northern Ireland">Education in Northern Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E5%92%8C%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%85%B3%E6%80%80_(%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="健康和社会关怀 (北爱尔兰)（页面不存在）">医护</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_and_Social_Care_(Northern_Ireland)" class="extiw" title="en:Health and Social Care (Northern Ireland)">Health and Social Care (Northern Ireland)</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰文化（页面不存在）">文化</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Culture of Northern Ireland">Culture of Northern Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北爱尔兰宗教（页面不存在）">宗教</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in Northern Ireland">Religion in Northern Ireland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0#國旗、國徽與國歌" title="北爱尔兰">国家象征</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="苏格兰历史">历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰历史年表（页面不存在）">年表</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Scottish_history" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of Scottish history">Timeline of Scottish history</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="蘇格蘭地理">地理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="苏格兰政治">政治</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="蘇格蘭議會">议会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="蘇格蘭政府">政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%95%B7" title="蘇格蘭首席部長">首席部长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰法律（页面不存在）">法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scots_law" class="extiw" title="en:Scots law">Scots law</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="蘇格蘭經濟">经济</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD%E8%A7%80%E5%85%89" title="蘇格蘭觀光">旅游业</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰教育（页面不存在）">教育</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%8C%BB%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰医护（页面不存在）">医护</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Scotland" class="extiw" title="en:Healthcare in Scotland">Healthcare in Scotland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰文化（页面不存在）">文化</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Scotland" class="extiw" title="en:Culture of Scotland">Culture of Scotland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏格兰宗教（页面不存在）">宗教</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Scotland" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in Scotland">Religion in Scotland</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81" title="苏格兰国家象征">国家象征</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="威爾斯">威尔士</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="威爾斯歷史">历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E5%A3%AB%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="威爾士地理">地理</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士政治（页面不存在）">政治</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:Politics of Wales">Politics of Wales</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%AD%B0%E6%9C%83" title="威爾斯議會">议会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="威爾斯政府">政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E9%A6%96%E5%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E9%95%BF" title="威尔士首席部长">首席部长</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士法律（页面不存在）">法律</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_law" class="extiw" title="en:Welsh law">Welsh law</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="威爾斯經濟">经济</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E8%A7%80%E5%85%89" title="威爾斯觀光">旅游业</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士教育（页面不存在）">教育</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:Education in Wales">Education in Wales</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E5%8C%BB%E6%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士医护（页面不存在）">医护</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healthcare_in_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:Healthcare in Wales">Healthcare in Wales</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士文化（页面不存在）">文化</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:Culture of Wales">Culture of Wales</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士宗教（页面不存在）">宗教</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:Religion in Wales">Religion in Wales</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%B1%A1%E5%BE%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威尔士国家象征（页面不存在）">国家象征</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_symbols_of_Wales" class="extiw" title="en:National symbols of Wales">National symbols of Wales</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="Category:英国">分类</a> · <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="Portal:英国">主题</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=英国&#124;link=英国_大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的構成國、领土和属地" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90" title="Template:英国的构成"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90" title="Template talk:英国的构成"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%9E%84%E6%88%90" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:英国的构成"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=英国&#124;link=英国_大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国的構成國、领土和属地" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="構成國">構成國</a>、领土和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">属地</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E5%B3%B6" title="英國列島">英國列島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E6%A7%8B%E6%88%90%E5%9C%8B" title="英國的構成國">构成国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/22px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/33px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/44px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/22px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/33px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/44px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="威尔士">威尔士</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Flag_of_Scotland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Scotland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">苏格兰</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Northern_Ireland_%281953%E2%80%931972%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">王冠屬地</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西"><img alt="根西" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="根西行政區">根西行政區</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC" title="奧爾德尼">奧爾德尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西">根西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B" title="薩克">薩克</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">马恩岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">澤西</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%B5%B7%E5%A4%96%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%9F" title="英國海外領土">海外领土</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞">亞克羅提利與德凱利亞</a>1</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/22px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/33px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/44px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" title="安圭拉">安圭拉</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a>2</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="英屬維爾京群島">英屬維爾京群島</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="開曼群島">开曼群岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克蘭群島</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/33px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/44px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/22px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/33px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/44px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="375" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">前殖民地和国家</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8E%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E7%9A%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="从英国独立的国家列表">从英国独立的国家列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_(3-5).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%92%8C%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列颠和爱尔兰联合王国">大不列颠和爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Great_Britain_(1707%E2%80%931800).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大不列颠王国">大不列颠王国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0" title="军事基地">专属基地区</a>。   2 因<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB" title="南极条约体系">南极条约</a>而暂不被国际普遍承认。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="欧洲" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" title="Template:歐洲"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" title="Template talk:歐洲"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:歐洲"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="欧洲" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AC%A7" title="西欧">西欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A1%9B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="不列顛群島">不列顛群島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0" title="英格兰">英格兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E6%A0%BC%E8%98%AD" title="蘇格蘭">蘇格蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" title="威爾斯">威尔士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="北爱尔兰">北爱尔兰</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AD%90%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="西歐平原">西歐平原</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BA%B3%E5%93%A5" title="摩纳哥">摩纳哥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="荷兰王国">荷兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" title="卢森堡">卢森堡</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Europe_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%AC%A7" title="南欧">南欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="意大利半島">亞平寧半島</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%92%82%E5%86%88" title="梵蒂冈">梵蒂冈</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%BA%A7%E7%9A%84%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%8D" title="聖座的法律地位">属</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%BA%A7" title="聖座">聖座</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E9%A8%8E%E5%A3%AB%E5%9C%98" title="馬爾他騎士團">馬爾他騎士團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E9%A9%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%AF%BA" title="圣马力诺">圣马力诺</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="伊比利亚半岛">伊比利亚半岛</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94" title="安道尔">安道尔</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7" title="地中海">地中海諸國</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊">希腊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">賽普勒斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96" title="马耳他">馬爾他</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%AC%A7" title="中欧">中欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%88%86%E4%BD%88" title="德語地理分佈">德語圈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%94%AF%E6%95%A6%E6%96%AF%E7%99%BB" title="列支敦斯登">列支敦斯登</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E8%AF%AD" title="匈牙利语">馬扎兒語圈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="西斯拉夫民族">西斯拉夫</a>國家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰">波兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90" title="北歐">北歐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E4%BA%94%E5%9C%8B" title="北歐五國">斯堪的纳维亚</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛">冰岛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="波罗的海国家">波羅的海</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="拉脫維亞">拉脫維亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="爱沙尼亚">爱沙尼亚</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AC%A7" title="东欧">东欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="東斯拉夫民族">東斯拉夫</a>國家</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="歐洲俄羅斯">欧洲部分</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width:2em; text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%B9%B2%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="巴尔干半岛">巴尔干半岛</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;width:auto; text-align:left"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚">斯洛維尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="克罗地亚">克羅埃西亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那">波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A" title="塞尔维亚">塞尔维亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85" title="蒙特內哥羅">黑山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93" title="北馬其頓">北馬其頓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83" title="科索沃">科索沃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔巴尼亚">阿尔巴尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚">保加利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6" title="摩尔多瓦">摩尔多瓦</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">跨欧亚地区 （部分領土位於歐洲）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" title="歐洲俄羅斯">欧洲部分</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6" title="土耳其">土耳其</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E9%9B%B7%E6%96%AF" title="色雷斯">色雷斯</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A" title="格鲁吉亚">格鲁吉亚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="高加索">高加索地區</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%9C%E7%96%86" title="阿塞拜疆">阿塞拜疆</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8A%A0%E7%B4%A2" title="高加索">高加索地區</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="哈萨克斯坦">哈萨克斯坦</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%B3" title="乌拉尔河">乌拉尔河</a>以西的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%88%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B7%9E" title="西哈薩克斯坦州">西哈薩克斯坦州</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E5%8B%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="阿特勞州">阿特勞州</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">海外屬地</a>與 其他特殊政區</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>英國 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="根西行政區">根西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">马恩岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">澤西</a></li></ul></li> <li>挪威 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%9A%E9%A6%AC%E5%BB%B6" title="揚馬延">揚馬延島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4" title="斯瓦尔巴">斯瓦尔巴群島</a></li></ul></li> <li>丹麥 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%BD%97%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="法罗群岛">法罗群岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%B5%E5%85%B0" title="格陵兰">格陵兰</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>参见：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="世界政區索引">世界政區索引</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E6%B4%B2" title="南极洲">南极洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国首都列表">各国首都列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="欧洲首都" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="Template:欧洲首都"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="Template talk:欧洲首都"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:欧洲首都"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="欧洲首都" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD" title="首都">首都</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%AC%A7" title="西欧">西欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%B2%81%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94" title="布鲁塞尔">布鲁塞尔</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%97%B6" title="比利时">比利时</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E" title="巴黎">巴黎</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="都柏林">都柏林</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">爱尔兰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E5%B8%82" title="盧森堡市">盧森堡市</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1" title="卢森堡">卢森堡</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BA%B3%E5%93%A5" title="摩纳哥">摩纳哥</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E7%BA%B3%E5%93%A5" title="摩纳哥">摩纳哥</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E4%B8%B9" title="阿姆斯特丹">阿姆斯特丹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%89%99" title="海牙">海牙</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0" title="荷兰">荷兰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E6%95%A6" title="伦敦">伦敦</a>（<a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94%E5%9F%8E" title="安道尔城">安道尔城</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E9%81%93%E5%B0%94" title="安道尔">安道尔</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90" title="北歐">北歐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%93%88%E6%A0%B9" title="哥本哈根">哥本哈根</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A6" title="丹麦">丹麦</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E6%B8%AF" title="托爾斯港">托尔斯港</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%BD%97%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="法罗群岛">法罗群岛</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%9B%E5%9F%BA" title="赫尔辛基">赫尔辛基</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E5%85%B0" title="芬兰">芬兰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%85%E7%B6%AD%E5%85%8B" title="雷克雅維克">雷克雅未克</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B2%9B" title="冰岛">冰岛</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E9%99%86" title="奥斯陆">奥斯陆</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81" title="挪威">挪威</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E5%93%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%91%A9" title="斯德哥尔摩">斯德哥尔摩</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8" title="瑞典">瑞典</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%AC%A7" title="中欧">中欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%B9%9F%E7%B4%8D" title="維也納">維也納</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" title="奥地利">奥地利</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC" title="布拉格">布拉格</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B" title="捷克">捷克</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE%E4%BD%A9%E6%96%AF" title="布达佩斯">布达佩斯</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9" title="匈牙利">匈牙利</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E9%83%BD%E8%8C%B2" title="瓦都茲">瓦杜茲</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E6%94%AF%E6%95%A6%E6%96%AF%E7%99%BB" title="列支敦斯登">列支敦斯登</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B2%99" title="华沙">华沙</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0" title="波兰">波兰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%8F%91" title="布拉迪斯拉发">布拉迪斯拉发</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="斯洛伐克">斯洛伐克</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%B0%94%E5%B0%BC" title="伯尔尼">伯恩</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB" title="瑞士">瑞士</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AC%A7" title="东欧">东欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" title="明斯克">明斯克</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="白俄罗斯">白俄罗斯</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%9E%97" title="塔林">塔林</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="爱沙尼亚">爱沙尼亚</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E5%8A%A0" title="里加">里加</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%AB%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" title="拉脫維亞">拉脫維亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF" title="维尔纽斯">维尔纽斯</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B" title="立陶宛">立陶宛</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%B8%8C%E8%AE%B7%E4%B9%8C" title="基希讷乌">基希讷乌</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%A4%9A%E7%93%A6" title="摩尔多瓦">摩尔多瓦</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%82%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="蒂拉斯波尔">蒂拉斯波尔</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8" title="德涅斯特河沿岸">德涅斯特河沿岸</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%BC%94" title="基輔">基輔</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0" title="乌克兰">乌克兰</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91" title="莫斯科">莫斯科</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%AC%A7" title="南欧">南欧</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%8B%89%E9%82%A3" title="地拉那">地拉那</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾巴尼亞">阿爾巴尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E8%80%B6%E4%BD%9B" title="塞拉耶佛">塞拉耶佛</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E9%BB%91%E5%A1%9E%E5%93%A5%E7%BB%B4%E9%82%A3" title="波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那">波士尼亞和黑塞哥維那</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E8%8F%B2%E4%BA%9E" title="索菲亞">索菲亞</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="保加利亚">保加利亚</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%A0%BC%E5%8B%92%E5%B8%83" title="萨格勒布">札格雷布</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A" title="克罗地亚">克羅埃西亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%85%B8" title="雅典">雅典</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊">希腊</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马">罗马</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">義大利</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E4%BB%80%E8%92%82%E7%BA%B3" title="普里什蒂纳">普里什蒂纳</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83" title="科索沃">科索沃</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C" title="斯科普里">斯科普里</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A0%93" title="北馬其頓">北馬其頓</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E8%8E%B1%E5%A1%94" title="瓦莱塔">瓦莱塔</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96" title="马耳他">马耳他</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%BE%B7%E6%88%88%E9%87%8C%E5%AF%9F" title="波德戈里察">波德戈里察</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85" title="蒙特內哥羅">黑山</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%AC" title="里斯本">里斯本</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99" title="葡萄牙">葡萄牙</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%8A%A0%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="布加勒斯特">布加勒斯特</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="羅馬尼亞">羅馬尼亞</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%A6%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%AB%BE%E5%B8%82" title="聖馬力諾市">圣马力诺</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E9%A6%AC%E5%8A%9B%E8%AB%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="聖馬力諾">聖馬力諾</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="贝尔格莱德">貝爾格勒</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A" title="塞尔维亚">塞尔维亚</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E9%9B%85%E9%82%A3" title="卢布尔雅那">卢布尔雅那</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚">斯洛文尼亚</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C" title="马德里">马德里</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99" title="西班牙">西班牙</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%92%82%E5%86%88" title="梵蒂冈">梵蒂冈</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%92%82%E5%86%88" title="梵蒂冈">梵蒂冈</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="尼科西亚">尼科西亚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">賽普勒斯</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="北尼科西亚">北尼科西亚</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="北賽普勒斯">北賽普勒斯</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%9A%AE%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%B5%E8%90%A5" title="埃皮斯科皮兵营">埃皮斯科皮兵营</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞">英屬基地區</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲首都列表（页面不存在）">歐洲首都列表</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%A6%96%E9%83%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="各国首都列表">各国首都列表</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="國際組織成員" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="國際組織成員" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">國際組織成員</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;font-size:110%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=联合国&#124;link=联合国_联合国安全理事会" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="Template:联合国安全理事会"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="Template talk:联合国安全理事会"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:联合国安全理事会"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=联合国&#124;link=联合国_联合国安全理事会" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国"><img alt="联合国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="联合国安全理事会">联合国安全理事会</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">权力</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E7%AB%A0#第五章_安全理事會" class="extiw" title="s:聯合國憲章">聯合國憲章第五章</a></li> <li><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E7%AB%A0#第七章_對於和平之威脅和平之破壞及侵略行為之應付辦法" class="extiw" title="s:聯合國憲章">聯合國憲章第七章</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%AC%8A" title="聯合國安全理事會否決權">否決權</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%86%B3%E8%AE%AE" title="联合国安全理事会决议">决议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="联合国安全理事会改革">改革</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西"><img alt="巴西" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国"><img alt="德国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度"><img alt="印度" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本"><img alt="日本" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="四國聯盟">四國聯盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%98%E7%B5%90%E8%AC%80%E5%85%B1%E8%AD%98" title="團結謀共識">團結謀共識</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织结构</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E8%A7%82%E5%AF%9F%E5%91%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合国军事观察员（页面不存在）">军事观察员</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Military_Observer" class="extiw" title="en:United Nations Military Observer">United Nations Military Observer</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%BE%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合国建设和平委员会（页面不存在）">建设和平委员会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peacebuilding_Commission" class="extiw" title="en:Peacebuilding Commission">Peacebuilding Commission</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%8F%8D%E6%81%90%E6%80%96%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合国安全理事会反恐怖主义委员会（页面不存在）">反恐怖主义委员会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Counter-Terrorism_Committee" class="extiw" title="en:United Nations Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee">United Nations Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%B4%E5%92%8C%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="联合国维和行动历史（页面不存在）">维和行动</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_United_Nations_peacekeeping" class="extiw" title="en:History of United Nations peacekeeping">History of United Nations peacekeeping</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">行動</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%86%9B" title="联合国军">联合国军</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="朝鮮半島衝突">朝鮮半島衝突</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8D%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="恢复希望行动">恢复希望行动</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%B8%E4%BB%BB%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="联合国安全理事会常任理事国">常任理事国</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83%E5%90%A6%E6%B1%BA%E6%AC%8A" title="聯合國安全理事會否決權">否決權</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="*class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=美国&#124;link=美国class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=苏联&#124;link=苏联class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=英国&#124;link=英国_雅尔塔会议_*class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=中華民國&#124;link=中華民國_→_class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=中华人民共和国&#124;link=中华人民共和国_中国代表权变更_*class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=苏联&#124;link=苏联_→_class=notpageimage&#124;22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=俄罗斯&#124;link=俄罗斯_苏联解体_*联合国改革"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%B0%94%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="雅尔塔会议">雅尔塔会议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國"><img alt="中華民國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> → <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国"><img alt="中华人民共和国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83%E7%AC%AC2758%E8%99%9F%E6%B1%BA%E8%AD%B0" title="聯合國大會第2758號決議">中国代表权变更</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> → <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯"><img alt="俄罗斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%93" title="苏联解体">苏联解体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="联合国改革">联合国改革</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1945年－1946年 （创始国）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美利坚合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國"><img alt="中華民國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中华民国">中华民国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國"><img alt="法國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%B4%E6%97%B6%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="法兰西共和国临时政府">法兰西共和国临时政府</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1946年－1958年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美利坚合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國"><img alt="中華民國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中华民国">中华民国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國"><img alt="法國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="法兰西第四共和国">法兰西第四共和国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1958年－1971年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美利坚合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國"><img alt="中華民國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中华民国">中华民国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國"><img alt="法國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法兰西共和国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1971年－1991年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美利坚合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联"><img alt="苏联" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国"><img alt="中华人民共和国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國"><img alt="法國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法兰西共和国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991年－至今</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国"><img alt="美国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美利坚合众国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯"><img alt="俄罗斯" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄罗斯联邦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国"><img alt="中华人民共和国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" title="法國"><img alt="法國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法兰西共和国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A#非常任理事国" title="联合国安全理事会">非常任理事国</a> （<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E6%9C%83%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89" title="Template:聯合國安全理事會選舉">选举</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2024年－2025年</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚"><img alt="阿尔及利亚" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="阿尔及利亚">阿尔及利亚民主人民共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%A3" title="圭亚那"><img alt="圭亚那" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%A3" title="圭亚那">圭亚那合作共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国"><img alt="大韩民国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国">大韩民国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂"><img alt="塞拉利昂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂">塞拉利昂共和国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚"><img alt="斯洛文尼亚" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="斯洛文尼亚">斯洛文尼亚共和国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2025年－2026年</th><td 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/44px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊">希腊</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/22px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/33px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/44px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马">巴拿马</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C" title="索马里">索马里</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a 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title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%94" title="Template talk:大英國協"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%94" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:大英國協"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="20px_英联邦" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/File:Commonwealth_Icon2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/20px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/30px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/40px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="57" data-file-height="57" /></a> <a 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title="英联邦成员国列表">主权国家</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing:0px;text-align:left;width:auto;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%8F%90%E7%93%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE" title="安提瓜和巴布达">安地卡及巴布達</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC" title="巴哈马">巴哈马</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bangladesh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD" title="孟加拉国">孟加拉国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/22px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/33px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/44px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF" title="巴巴多斯">巴巴多斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="伯利兹">伯利兹</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%9C%AD%E9%82%A3" title="波札那">博茨瓦纳</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%B6%E8%90%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="汶萊">汶萊</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF" title="賽普勒斯">賽普勒斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" title="多米尼克">多米尼克</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/22px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/33px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/44px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%81%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="斯威士兰">斯威士兰</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/22px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/33px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/44px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%BF%9F" title="斐濟">斐济</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加彭</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/22px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/33px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/44px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%88%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="冈比亚">冈比亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3" title="加纳">加纳</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/22px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/33px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/44px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE" title="格林纳达">格瑞那達</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9A%E9%82%A3" title="圭亚那">圭亚那</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0" title="牙买加">牙买加</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kiribati.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kiribati.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF" title="基里巴斯">基里巴斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E7%B4%A2%E6%89%98" title="莱索托">賴索托</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4" title="马拉维">马拉维</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/22px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/33px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Maldives.svg/44px-Flag_of_Maldives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%A4%AB" title="马尔代夫">馬爾地夫</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96" title="马耳他">馬爾他</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF" title="毛里求斯">模里西斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫桑比克</a>¹ <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="纳米比亚">纳米比亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E9%AD%AF" title="諾魯">瑙鲁</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/22px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/33px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/44px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0" title="新西兰">新西兰</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="奈及利亞">奈及利亞</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/22px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/33px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/44px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="巴布亚新几内亚">巴布亚新几内亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%97%BA%E8%BE%BE" title="卢旺达">卢旺达</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF" title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯">圣基茨和尼维斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="圣卢西亚">圣卢西亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E4%B8%81%E6%96%AF" title="圣文森特和格林纳丁斯">圣文森特和格林纳丁斯</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/22px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/33px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Samoa.svg/44px-Flag_of_Samoa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E6%91%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="萨摩亚">萨摩亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/22px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/33px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Seychelles.svg/44px-Flag_of_Seychelles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%88%8C%E5%B0%94" title="塞舌尔">塞舌尔</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂">塞拉利昂</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/22px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/33px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/44px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Solomon_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BD%97%E9%97%A8%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="所罗门群岛">所罗门群岛</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;;text-align: left;width:10em"><div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sri_Lanka.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1" title="斯里蘭卡">斯里蘭卡</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%93%A5" title="多哥">多哥</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Tonga.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tonga.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8A%A0" title="東加">汤加</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/22px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/33px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/44px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E5%8F%8A%E6%89%98%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%A5" title="千里達及托巴哥">千里達及托巴哥</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tuvalu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%93%A6%E7%9B%A7" title="圖瓦盧">图瓦卢</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE" title="乌干达">乌干达</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/22px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/33px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg/44px-Flag_of_Vanuatu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E5%8A%AA%E9%98%BF%E5%9B%BE" title="瓦努阿图">瓦努阿图</a> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚">尚比亞</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Commonwealth_Icon2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/100px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/150px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Commonwealth_Icon2.svg/200px-Commonwealth_Icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="57" data-file-height="57" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="属地">海外领地 与属土</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">澳属领土</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BB%80%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%A1%E6%8D%B7%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="阿什莫尔和卡捷群岛">阿什莫尔和卡捷群岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="澳大利亞南極領地">澳大利亞南極領地</a>²</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="圣诞岛"><img alt="圣诞岛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/22px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/33px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/44px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E5%B2%9B" title="圣诞岛">圣诞岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="科科斯（基林）群島"><img alt="科科斯（基林）群島" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Cocos_%28Keeling%29_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97%EF%BC%89%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="科科斯（基林）群島">科科斯（基林）群島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8A%E7%91%9A%E6%B5%B7%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="珊瑚海群岛">珊瑚海群岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%BE%B7%E5%B3%B6%E5%92%8C%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%94%90%E7%B4%8D%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="赫德島和麥克唐納群島">赫德島和麥克唐納群島</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%B2%9B" title="诺福克岛"><img alt="诺福克岛" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg/22px-Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg/33px-Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg/44px-Flag_of_Norfolk_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="920" data-file-height="460" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%B2%9B" title="诺福克岛">诺福克岛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/25px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/38px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/50px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="新西蘭王國">紐西蘭王國</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Cook_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="库克群岛">庫克群島</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/22px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/33px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Niue.svg/44px-Flag_of_Niue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E5%9F%83" title="紐埃">纽埃</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">紐屬</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/22px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/33px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/44px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%9E%E5%9C%B0" title="罗斯属地">罗斯属地</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Tokelau.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tokelau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Tokelau.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tokelau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Tokelau.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tokelau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E5%8A%B3" title="托克劳">托克勞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">英属</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国"><img alt="英国" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E6%8F%90%E5%88%A9%E8%88%87%E5%BE%B7%E5%87%B1%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="亞克羅提利與德凱利亞">亞克羅提利與德凱利亞</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/22px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/33px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Anguilla.svg/44px-Flag_of_Anguilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%8B%89" title="安圭拉">安圭拉</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bermuda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Bermuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E6%85%95%E5%A4%A7" title="百慕大">百慕大</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_British_Antarctic_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%9E%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81%E9%A2%86%E5%9C%B0" title="英属南极领地">英属南极领地</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Commissioner_of_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E9%A0%98%E5%9C%B0" title="英屬印度洋領地">英屬印度洋領地</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="英屬維爾京群島">英屬維爾京群島</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Cayman_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%9B%BC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="開曼群島">开曼群岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Falkland_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="福克兰群岛">福克蘭群島</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/33px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg/44px-Flag_of_Gibraltar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E9%99%80" title="直布罗陀">直布罗陀</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/22px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/33px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Montserrat.svg/44px-Flag_of_Montserrat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="蒙特塞拉特">蒙特塞拉特</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%87%AF%E6%81%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="皮特凯恩群岛">皮特凯恩群岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B5%AB%E5%8B%92%E6%8B%BF%E3%80%81%E9%98%BF%E6%A3%AE%E6%9D%BE%E5%92%8C%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6-%E8%BE%BE%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚">圣赫勒拿、阿森松和特里斯坦-达库尼亚</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="375" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9A%E5%92%8C%E5%8D%97%E6%A1%91%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%87%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛">南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛</a>²</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%A4%E5%B1%AC%E5%9C%B0" title="王室屬地">皇家属地</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西">根西</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">马恩岛</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">澤西</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>1. 莫桑比克与英国无历史渊源 2. 存在主权争议，地位不被普遍承认</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="英聯邦王國及自治領" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="Template:英联邦王国"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:英联邦王国（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:英联邦王国"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="英聯邦王國及自治領" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="英聯邦王國">英聯邦王國</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="自治領">自治領</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">現存</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%8F%90%E7%93%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E8%BE%BE" title="安提瓜和巴布达">安提瓜和巴布达</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%8F%90%E7%93%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E9%81%94%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="安提瓜和巴布達君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="澳大利亚君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC" title="巴哈马">巴哈马</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%88%E9%A9%AC%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="巴哈马君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="伯利兹">伯利兹</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="伯利兹君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="加拿大君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE" title="格林纳达">格林纳达</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E8%BE%BE%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="格林纳达君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0" title="牙买加">牙买加</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%A0%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="牙買加君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" title="新西蘭王國">紐西蘭</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="库克群岛君主">库克群岛君主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="紐西蘭君主">紐西蘭君主</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%90%E5%9F%83%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="紐埃君主列表（页面不存在）">紐埃君主</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Niuean_monarchs" class="extiw" title="en:List of Niuean monarchs">List of Niuean monarchs</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%B0%E5%87%A0%E5%86%85%E4%BA%9A" title="巴布亚新几内亚">巴布亚新几内亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9E%E6%96%B0%E7%95%BF%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="巴布亞新畿內亞君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%9A%E7%A6%8F%E5%8F%8A%E5%B0%BC%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF" title="聖克里斯多福及尼維斯">聖克里斯多福及尼維斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%9F%BA%E8%8C%A8%E5%92%8C%E5%B0%BC%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="圣基茨和尼维斯君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="圣卢西亚">圣卢西亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8D%A2%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="圣卢西亚君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E4%B8%81%E6%96%AF" title="圣文森特和格林纳丁斯">圣文森特和格林纳丁斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E5%8F%8A%E6%A0%BC%E7%91%9E%E9%82%A3%E4%B8%81%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="聖文森及格瑞那丁君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BD%97%E9%97%A8%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="所罗门群岛">所罗门群岛</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%80%E7%BE%85%E9%96%80%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="所羅門群島君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%93%A6%E7%9B%A7" title="圖瓦盧">圖瓦盧</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%96%E7%93%A6%E7%9B%A7%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="圖瓦盧君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="英国君主">君主</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">歷史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF" title="巴巴多斯">巴巴多斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B2%9D%E5%A4%9A%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="巴貝多女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E8%98%AD%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="錫蘭自治領">錫蘭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%B5%8E%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A2%86" title="斐济自治领">斐濟</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="斐济君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A1%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E_(1965%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941970%E5%B9%B4)" title="岡比亞 (1965年—1970年)">甘比亞</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="甘比亞女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A2%86" title="加纳自治领">迦納</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E7%B4%8D%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="迦納女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%AD%E4%BA%9E%E9%82%A3_(1966%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941970%E5%B9%B4)" title="圭亞那 (1966年—1970年)">蓋亞那</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E4%BA%9E%E9%82%A3%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="蓋亞那女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A2%86" title="印度自治领">印度</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B" title="印度国王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%82%A6" title="爱尔兰自由邦">愛爾蘭</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%88%BE%E8%98%AD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB_(1922%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941949%E5%B9%B4)" title="愛爾蘭君主 (1922年—1949年)">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E4%BA%9E_(1963%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941964%E5%B9%B4)" title="肯亞 (1963年—1964年)">肯亞</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E4%BA%9E%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="肯亞女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81_(1964%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941966%E5%B9%B4)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬拉威 (1964年—1966年)（页面不存在）">馬拉威</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malawi_(1964%E2%80%931966)" class="extiw" title="en:Malawi (1964–1966)">Malawi (1964–1966)</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%A8%81%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="馬拉威女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬爾他國（页面不存在）">馬爾他</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Malta" class="extiw" title="en:State of Malta">State of Malta</a>） <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E4%BB%96%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="馬爾他女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8C%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF_(1968%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941992%E5%B9%B4)" title="模里西斯 (1968年—1992年)">模里西斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8C%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="模里西斯女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="紐芬蘭自治領">紐芬蘭</a>註1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="尼日利亚联邦">奈及利亞</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="奈及利亞女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%A0%98" title="巴基斯坦自治領">巴基斯坦</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="巴基斯坦君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="羅德西亞">羅德西亞</a>註2 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅德西亞君主（页面不存在）">君主</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_of_Rhodesia" class="extiw" title="en:Queen of Rhodesia">Queen of Rhodesia</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%85%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1_(1961%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941971%E5%B9%B4)" title="獅子山 (1961年—1971年)">獅子山</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%85%E5%AD%90%E5%B1%B1%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="獅子山女王">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6" title="南非聯邦">南非</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="南非君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E5%99%B6%E5%B0%BC%E5%96%80" title="坦噶尼喀">坦噶尼喀</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9D%A6%E5%B9%B2%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%A0%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="坦干伊加君主（页面不存在）">君主</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_of_Tanganyika" class="extiw" title="en:Queen of Tanganyika">Queen of Tanganyika</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E5%8F%8A%E6%89%98%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%A5" title="千里達及托巴哥">千里達及托巴哥</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E9%87%8C%E9%81%94%E5%8F%8A%E6%89%98%E5%B7%B4%E5%93%A5%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="千里達及托巴哥君主">君主</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%B9%B2%E9%81%94_(1962%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941963%E5%B9%B4)" title="烏干達 (1962年—1963年)">烏干達</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%B9%B2%E9%81%94%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="烏干達女王">君主</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>註1：1949年併入加拿大 註2：1965年單方面獨立為自治領但未獲承認，1970年改制為共和國</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=&#124;class=notpageimage_北大西洋公约组织" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Template:北大西洋公約組織"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Template talk:北大西洋公約組織"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:北大西洋公約組織"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="22x20px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=&#124;class=notpageimage_北大西洋公约组织" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/22px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/33px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Flag_of_NATO.svg/44px-Flag_of_NATO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北大西洋公约组织</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="北大西洋公约">北大西洋公约</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83" title="北約峰會">峰会</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%BA%A6%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北约军事行动（页面不存在）">军事行动</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_Operations" class="extiw" title="en:NATO Operations">NATO Operations</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E6%93%B4%E5%BC%B5" title="北約擴張">扩张</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png/100px-Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png/150px-Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png/200px-Seal_of_the_North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organization.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="320" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E7%B8%BD%E9%83%A8" title="北約總部">總部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A" title="北大西洋理事会">理事会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%9B%9F%E5%86%9B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8" title="欧洲盟军最高司令部">欧洲盟军最高司令部</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%9F%E5%86%9B%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盟军转型司令部（页面不存在）">盟军转型司令部</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_Command_Transformation" class="extiw" title="en:Allied Command Transformation">Allied Command Transformation</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%BA%A6%E8%AE%AE%E4%BC%9A%E5%A4%A7%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北约议会大会（页面不存在）">议会大会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO_Parliamentary_Assembly" class="extiw" title="en:NATO Parliamentary Assembly">NATO Parliamentary Assembly</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E7%A7%98%E4%B9%A6%E9%95%BF" title="北大西洋公约组织秘书长">秘书长</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E4%B8%BB%E5%B8%AD" title="北約軍事委員會主席">军事委员会主席</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%9B%9F%E5%86%9B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4%E9%83%A8" title="欧洲盟军最高司令部">欧洲盟军最高司令</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%9F%E5%86%9B%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%8F%B8%E4%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="盟军转型最高司令（页面不存在）">盟军转型最高司令</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Transformation" class="extiw" title="en:Supreme Allied Commander Transformation">Supreme Allied Commander Transformation</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E6%88%90%E5%93%A1%E5%9C%8B" title="北約成員國">成员国</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="阿尔巴尼亚武装部队">阿尔巴尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%88%A9%E6%99%82%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="比利時國防軍">比利时</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E5%8A%A0%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="保加利亞武裝部隊">保加利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="加拿大武裝部隊">加拿大</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%9F%83%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="克羅埃西亞軍事">克罗地亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="捷克軍事">捷克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="丹麥國防軍">丹麦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="愛沙尼亞國防軍">爱沙尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="芬蘭國防軍">芬兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="法國武裝部隊">法国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E8%81%AF%E9%82%A6%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="德國聯邦國防軍">德国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="希臘武裝部隊">希腊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="匈牙利國防軍">匈牙利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B3%B6%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="冰島軍事">冰岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="義大利武裝部隊">意大利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%84%B1%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B" title="拉脱维亚军事">拉托维亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E9%99%B6%E5%AE%9B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="立陶宛武装部队">立陶宛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="盧森堡軍事">卢森堡</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E5%85%A7%E5%93%A5%E7%BE%85%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蒙特內哥羅軍隊（页面不存在）">蒙特內哥羅</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_Montenegro" class="extiw" title="en:Military of Montenegro">Military of Montenegro</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E8%BB%8D%E9%9A%8A" title="荷蘭軍隊">荷兰</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%B6%E9%A1%BF%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北马其顿军队（页面不存在）">北马其顿</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_North_Macedonia" class="extiw" title="en:Army of the Republic of North Macedonia">Army of the Republic of North Macedonia</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="挪威國防軍">挪威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E8%BB%8D" title="波蘭共和國軍">波兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="葡萄牙武装部队">葡萄牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="罗马尼亚武装部队">罗马尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="斯洛伐克武裝部隊">斯洛伐克</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%87%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="斯洛文尼亚武装部队（页面不存在）">斯洛文尼亚</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenian_Armed_Forces" class="extiw" title="en:Slovenian Armed Forces">Slovenian Armed Forces</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F" title="西班牙军队">西班牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%85%B8%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E8%BB%8D" title="瑞典國防軍">瑞典</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%86%9B%E9%98%9F" title="土耳其军队">土耳其</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%9D%E9%83%A8%E9%9A%8A" title="英國武裝部隊">英国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%AD%A6%E8%A3%85%E9%83%A8%E9%98%9F" title="美国武装部队">美国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E7%BA%A6%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北约外交关系（页面不存在）">多边关系</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_NATO" class="extiw" title="en:Foreign relations of NATO">Foreign relations of NATO</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大西洋公约协会（页面不存在）">大西洋公约协会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Treaty_Association" class="extiw" title="en:Atlantic Treaty Association">Atlantic Treaty Association</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2-%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E4%BC%99%E4%BC%B4%E7%90%86%E4%BA%8B%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="欧洲-大西洋伙伴理事会（页面不存在）">欧洲-大西洋伙伴理事会</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" class="extiw" title="en:Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">歐盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%AD%E6%B5%B7%E5%AF%B9%E8%AF%9D" title="地中海对话">地中海對話</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E4%BC%99%E4%BC%B4%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="和平伙伴关系计划">和平伙伴關係計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E4%BC%99%E4%BC%B4%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="独立合作伙伴行动计划">獨立合作夥伴行動計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E8%A6%81%E9%9D%9E%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E7%9B%9F%E5%8F%8B" title="主要非北約盟友">主要非北約盟友</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E5%80%A1%E8%AE%AE" title="伊斯坦布尔合作倡议">伊斯坦堡合作倡議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%9C%BC%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="五眼聯盟">五眼聯盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%92%8C%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="古阿姆民主和经济发展组织">古阿姆民主和經濟發展組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織">七大工業國組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E8%88%87%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="歐洲安全與合作組織">歐洲安全與合作組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="二十國集團">二十大工業國</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">制度與法律規章</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="北約聯合軍事符號">NATO軍事標準標誌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%BA%A6%E9%A2%82%E6%AD%8C" title="北约颂歌">北约之歌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="七国集团（G7）／八国集团（G8）／八国集团同五国（G8+5）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G8" title="Template:G8"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G8" title="Template talk:G8"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:G8" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:G8"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="七国集团（G7）／八国集团（G8）／八国集团同五国（G8+5）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="七大工業國組織">七国集团</a>（G7）／<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="八大工業國組織">八国集团</a>（G8）／<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%9B%BD%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2%E5%90%8C%E4%BA%94%E5%9B%BD" title="八国集团同五国">八国集团同五国</a>（G8+5）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G7（G8）成員國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/22px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/33px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/44px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/22px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/33px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/44px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/22px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/33px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/44px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li>（<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄羅斯</a>，凍結）</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">非正式成員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="欧洲联盟">欧盟</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G8+5</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/44px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF" title="巴西">巴西</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5" title="墨西哥">墨西哥</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="环印度洋区域合作联盟（IOR-ARC）" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%92%B0%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="Template:環印度洋區域合作聯盟"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%92%B0%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="Template talk:環印度洋區域合作聯盟"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%92%B0%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:環印度洋區域合作聯盟"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="环印度洋区域合作联盟（IOR-ARC）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="环印度洋联盟">环印度洋区域合作联盟</a>（IOR-ARC）</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">會員國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD" title="孟加拉国">孟加拉国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="印度尼西亚">印度尼西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97" title="伊朗">伊朗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%BE%BE%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%8A%A0" title="马达加斯加">马达加斯加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E9%87%8C%E6%B1%82%E6%96%AF" title="毛里求斯">毛里求斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫桑比克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC" title="阿曼">阿曼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%8D%A1" title="斯里蘭卡">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD" title="泰国">泰国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯联合酋长国">阿拉伯联合酋长国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8" title="也门">也门</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:IOR-ARC_Map.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/IOR-ARC_Map.PNG/120px-IOR-ARC_Map.PNG" decoding="async" width="120" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/IOR-ARC_Map.PNG/180px-IOR-ARC_Map.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/IOR-ARC_Map.PNG/240px-IOR-ARC_Map.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1357" data-file-height="628" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">觀察員國</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="埃及">埃及</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">國際組織觀察員</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8E%AF%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E6%97%85%E6%B8%B8%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="环印度洋旅游组织（页面不存在）">环印度洋旅游组织</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B4%8B%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%BB%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度洋研究组（页面不存在）">印度洋研究组</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Research_Group" class="extiw" title="en:Indian Ocean Research Group">Indian Ocean Research Group</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="英语世界" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:English_official_language_map" title="Template:English official language map"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:English_official_language_map&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:English official language map（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:English_official_language_map" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:English official language map"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="英语世界" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="英语世界">英语世界</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:left; color:darkblue;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> 深藍色: 主要人口以英語為母語的國家及地區。 淺藍色: 英語有官方語言地位的國家及地區。英語同時是<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐盟">歐盟</a>的官方語言。 </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div> <a href="/wiki/File:Anglospeak.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Anglospeak.svg/900px-Anglospeak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="900" height="457" class="mw-file-element" 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style="width:1%;background:#dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" title="奈及利亞">奈及利亞</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/22px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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title="荷蘭加勒比區">荷蘭加勒比區</a> (<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Saba.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Saba.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Saba.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E5%B7%B4" title="薩巴">萨巴</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sint_Eustatius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%B0%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%AD%87%E6%96%AF" title="圣尤斯特歇斯">圣尤斯特歇斯</a>) · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sint_Maarten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="675" data-file-height="450" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E5%B1%AC%E8%81%96%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81" title="荷屬聖馬丁">荷屬聖馬丁</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" 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title="圣卢西亚">圣卢西亚</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/22px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/33px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/44px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E6%96%87%E6%A3%AE%E7%89%B9%E5%92%8C%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%BA%B3%E4%B8%81%E6%96%AF" title="圣文森特和格林纳丁斯">圣文森特和格林纳丁斯</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/22px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" 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/> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%92%8C%E5%87%AF%E7%A7%91%E6%96%AF%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="特克斯和凯科斯群岛">特克斯和凯科斯群岛</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="850" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%B1%AC%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E4%BA%AC%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="美屬維爾京群島">美屬維爾京群島</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="欧洲">欧洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%281-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">英国</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF" title="根西"><img alt="根西" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Guernsey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Guernsey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E8%A5%BF%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80" title="根西行政區">根西</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Isle_of_Man.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%B3%B6" title="曼島">马恩岛</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Flag_of_Jersey.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jersey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%A4%E8%A5%BF" title="澤西">澤西</a>） · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%80%B3%E4%BB%96" title="马耳他">馬爾他</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0" title="爱尔兰">愛爾蘭</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Flag_of_Australia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="澳大利亚">澳大利亞</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Marshall_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%B4%B9%E7%88%BE%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="馬紹爾群島">马绍尔群岛</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" title="密克罗尼西亚联邦">密克羅尼西亞聯邦</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/22px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/33px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Nauru.svg/44px-Flag_of_Nauru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E9%AD%AF" title="諾魯">瑙鲁</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/22px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/33px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/44px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%B0" title="新西兰">新西兰</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/22px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/33px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Palau.svg/44px-Flag_of_Palau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9B%E7%90%89" title="帛琉">帛琉</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightblue; color:lightblue;"> </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;text-align:center; background:#ccd; color:darkblue;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%9C%AD%E9%82%A3" title="波札那">博茨瓦纳</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A6%E9%9A%86" title="喀麦隆">喀麦隆</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/22px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/33px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/44px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%BA%B3" title="加纳">加纳</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E7%B4%A2%E6%89%98" title="莱索托">賴索托</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A" title="利比里亚">利比里亚</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%BB%B4" title="马拉维">马拉维</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="纳米比亚">纳米比亚</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E6%97%BA%E8%BE%BE" title="卢旺达">卢旺达</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%98%82" title="塞拉利昂">塞拉利昂</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9" title="苏丹">苏丹</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%98%87%E4%B8%B9" title="南蘇丹">南蘇丹</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/22px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/33px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/44px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%81%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="斯威士兰">斯威士兰</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="坦桑尼亚">坦桑尼亚</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/22px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/33px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/44px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE" title="乌干达">乌干达</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="赞比亚">尚比亞</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/22px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/33px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/44px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%A8%81" title="辛巴威">辛巴威</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8E%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="盎格鲁美洲">美洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/22px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/33px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/44px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E5%85%B9" title="伯利兹">伯利兹</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/22px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/33px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg/44px-Flag_of_Puerto_Rico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%9A%E9%BB%8E%E5%90%84" title="波多黎各">波多黎各</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2" title="亚洲">亚洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/22px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/33px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/44px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF" title="香港">香港</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="巴基斯坦">巴基斯坦</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE" title="菲律宾">菲律賓</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/22px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/33px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/44px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1" title="新加坡">新加坡</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #dde;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%8B%E6%B4%B2" title="大洋洲">大洋洲</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/22px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/33px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Fiji.svg/44px-Flag_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%90%E6%BF%9F" title="斐濟">斐济</a> · <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/22px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" 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mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 304种语言 </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> 添加话题 </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-zq28g","wgBackendResponseTime":210,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"5.628","walltime":"6.413","ppvisitednodes":{"value":59351,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1989540,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":91796,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":41,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":664335,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 4980.206 1 -total"," 31.25% 1556.198 1 Template:Reflist"," 29.98% 1492.848 20 Template:Navbox"," 15.51% 772.564 3 Template:Infobox"," 15.18% 755.955 1 Template:Infobox_country"," 12.34% 614.425 162 Template:Cite_web"," 9.23% 459.625 179 Template:Flag"," 7.98% 397.366 1 Template:英國主題"," 7.31% 364.061 112 Template:Link-en"," 7.14% 355.510 1 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[\"CITEREFCroomeJackson1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCust2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavenport1946\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_Torrance2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavies1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDrabble1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards1999\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElliottCollinsonDuesenberry2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFerguson2004\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFieser,_James2000\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFisher\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFlorida2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFriedman2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoldman2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGoodwin1983\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGregg1981\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGunther,_John1940\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHadenCampanini2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHaigh1990\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHatt2006\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHedrick1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeinbergFridley2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHistoric_UK\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHolmes2006\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHolton2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHughes2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIbadat2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFIemperley2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJames2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJoe2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Daniel_McVey\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJonesJohn2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhan2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoch,_John_T.2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKoch2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLatimer_Clarke_Corporation_Pty_Ltd\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewer2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewisDaviesKinney2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMARLAND1966\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaLiu2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacnamee2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMallardGlaister2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMark\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarriottMukhopadhyayChatterjee2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMathias,_P.2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCook,_Alison2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCourt2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiller1978\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeal,_Clare\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewswire72009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNunez_Davila2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOliver2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPalmer,_Michael1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeterson2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoyneer2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQuacquarelli_Symonds_Limited2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRadfordeditor2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichards2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichardsHunt1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobert_Blackburn2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoderick_Cavaliero2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRodger2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFScarre,_Geoffrey1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchoumaker2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSheridan,_Greg2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimon_Heffer2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSparrow2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpencer2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStepanLinzMinoves2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSwerdlow2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSylvain_Duranton,_Agnès_Audier,_Joël_Hazan,_Mads_Peter_Langhorn,_and_Vincent_Gauche2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFT._V._Paul,_James_J._Wirtz,_Michel_Fortmann2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTate\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTom_Larson2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTovey2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTransport_for_London,_Windsor_House,_42-50_Victoria_Street,_London_SW1H_0TL,_enquire@tfl.gov.uk\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTraskStockwell2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTriggle2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUKTV\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUnited_Nations_Economic_and_Social_Council2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWhiteCarolan2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWinter2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWorld_Health_Organization\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYaffe2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFgmeekins\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF克里斯托弗·丹尼尔2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF觀琰綜合外電報導2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF許介鱗\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF陳永輝編譯2007\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 18,\n [\"-\"] = 1,\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"Allmusic\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"CIA World Factbook link\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 8,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite BAILII\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite Grove\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 56,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 46,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 41,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 161,\n [\"Commonwealth_of_Nations\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 10,\n [\"Coord\"] = 1,\n [\"Cvt\"] = 2,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Britain, United Kingdom\"] = 1,\n [\"Dmoz\"] = 1,\n [\"ENG\"] = 2,\n [\"En icon\"] = 1,\n [\"English official language map\"] = 1,\n [\"Europe\"] = 1,\n [\"Excerpt\"] = 1,\n [\"G8\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 1,\n [\"IOR-ARC\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 3,\n [\"Image label begin\"] = 1,\n [\"Image label end\"] = 1,\n [\"Image label small\"] = 4,\n [\"Infobox country\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 47,\n [\"Lang-en\"] = 35,\n [\"Lang-gd\"] = 1,\n [\"Largest Urban Areas of the United Kingdom\"] = 1,\n [\"Le\"] = 43,\n [\"Link-en\"] = 12,\n [\"Location map+\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map~\"] = 25,\n [\"Main\"] = 35,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 2,\n [\"NATO\"] = 1,\n [\"Native name\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes top\"] = 1,\n [\"Nobold\"] = 1,\n [\"Noflag\"] = 1,\n [\"NoteFoot\"] = 1,\n [\"NoteTA-lite\"] = 1,\n [\"NoteTag\"] = 13,\n [\"Notetag\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 9,\n [\"Oclc\"] = 1,\n [\"Osmrelation-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 2,\n [\"Population pyramid\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal box\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect-multi\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"SCO\"] = 2,\n [\"See also\"] = 3,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 2,\n [\"Sister project links\"] = 1,\n [\"Small\"] = 18,\n [\"Subscription required\"] = 3,\n [\"Switcher\"] = 1,\n [\"Tsl\"] = 3,\n [\"UN Security Council\"] = 1,\n [\"Unbulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"WAL\"] = 2,\n [\"Wayback\"] = 32,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 7,\n [\"Wikiatlas\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikivoyage\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikivoyage-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Zh-tw\"] = 1,\n [\"\\\\\"] = 1,\n [\"欧洲首都\"] = 1,\n [\"英国属地\"] = 1,\n [\"英國主題\"] = 1,\n [\"英國領土地圖\"] = 1,\n [\"英联邦王国\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","660","18.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","560","15.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","540","14.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","400","10.9"],["recursiveClone 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