CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Uganda Martyrs - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2aa1a169-1e58-4ba2-be90-4acbc0dfd018","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Uganda_Martyrs","wgTitle":"Uganda Martyrs","wgCurRevisionId":1277743327,"wgRevisionId":1277743327,"wgArticleId":3167522,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 Latin-language sources (la)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2021","1860s births","1880s deaths","1918 deaths","European colonisation of Africa","19th-century Christian martyrs","19th-century Christian saints","19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs","Roman Catholic child saints","Converts to Roman Catholicism from pagan religions","Executed children", "Executed Ugandan people","1885 crimes in Africa","1885 murders","1886 crimes in Africa","1886 murders","1887 crimes in Africa","1887 murders","Buganda","LGBTQ and Christianity","Martyred groups","People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar","Lists of Christian martyrs","People executed by Buganda","Groups of Roman Catholic saints","Ugandan Roman Catholic saints","Groups of Anglican saints","19th-century executions by Uganda","Lists of saints","Violence against men in Africa","Anglican saints","Tourist attractions in Uganda","1880s in Uganda","19th-century murders in Africa"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Uganda_Martyrs","wgRelevantArticleId":3167522,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}}, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q1094107","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready" ,"user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns", "ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.18"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1708"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1139"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="911"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Uganda Martyrs - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Uganda_Martyrs rootpage-Uganda_Martyrs skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Uganda+Martyrs" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Uganda+Martyrs" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Uganda+Martyrs" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Uganda+Martyrs" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Context</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executions_in_1885–86" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executions_in_1885–86"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Executions in 1885–86</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executions_in_1885–86-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Political aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catholic_Church_veneration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_Church_veneration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Catholic Church veneration</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Catholic_Church_veneration-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Catholic Church veneration subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Catholic_Church_veneration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_the_22_Catholic_martyrs[7]_[44]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_the_22_Catholic_martyrs[7]_[44]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>List of the 22 Catholic martyrs<sup><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></sup> <sup><span>[</span>44<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_the_22_Catholic_martyrs[7]_[44]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Two_martyrs_of_Paimol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Two_martyrs_of_Paimol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Two martyrs of Paimol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Two_martyrs_of_Paimol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglicanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglicanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Anglicanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglicanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catholic_Hymns_composed_about_Uganda_Martyrs_and_their_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catholic_Hymns_composed_about_Uganda_Martyrs_and_their_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Catholic Hymns composed about Uganda Martyrs and their life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catholic_Hymns_composed_about_Uganda_Martyrs_and_their_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shrines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shrines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Shrines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shrines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Uganda Martyrs</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A0rtirs_d%27Uganda" title="Màrtirs d'Uganda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Màrtirs d'Uganda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4rtyrer_von_Uganda" title="Märtyrer von Uganda – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Märtyrer von Uganda" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rtires_de_Uganda" title="Mártires de Uganda – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mártires de Uganda" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugandako_martiriak" title="Ugandako martiriak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ugandako martiriak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7" title="شهدای اوگاندا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شهدای اوگاندا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyrs_de_l%27Ouganda" title="Martyrs de l'Ouganda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Martyrs de l'Ouganda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martir_Uganda" title="Martir Uganda – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Martir Uganda" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santi_martiri_dell%27Uganda" title="Santi martiri dell'Uganda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Santi martiri dell'Uganda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafiadini_wa_Uganda" title="Wafiadini wa Uganda – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wafiadini wa Uganda" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelaren_van_Oeganda" title="Martelaren van Oeganda – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Martelaren van Oeganda" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%99czennicy_z_Ugandy" title="Męczennicy z Ugandy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Męczennicy z Ugandy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rtires_de_Uganda" title="Mártires de Uganda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mártires de Uganda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Угандийские мученики – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Угандийские мученики" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1094107#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Uganda_Martyrs" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Uganda_Martyrs" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Uganda_Martyrs" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&oldid=1277743327" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Uganda_Martyrs&id=1277743327&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUganda_Martyrs"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUganda_Martyrs"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Uganda_Martyrs&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1094107" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">19th-century group of Christian martyrs</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the university, see <a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs_University" title="Uganda Martyrs University">Uganda Martyrs University</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color:gold;">Uganda Martyrs</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg/220px-Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="427" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">1962 illustration by Albert Wider.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1885–87, <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Martyred by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mwanga_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Mwanga II">Mwanga II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data">3 June<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable martyrs</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lwanga" title="Charles Lwanga">Charles Lwanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizito" class="mw-redirect" title="Kizito">Kizito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kaggwa" title="Andrew Kaggwa">Andrew Kaggwa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Uganda Martyrs</b> are a group of 22 <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> and 23 <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> converts to Christianity in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Buganda" title="History of Buganda">kingdom of Buganda</a>, now part of <a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a>, who were executed between 31 January 1885 and 27 January 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CMU_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMU-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They were killed on orders of <a href="/wiki/Mwanga_II_of_Buganda" title="Mwanga II of Buganda">Mwanga II</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Kabaka_of_Buganda" title="Kabaka of Buganda">Kabaka</a></i> (King) of <a href="/wiki/Buganda" title="Buganda">Buganda</a>. The deaths took place at a time when there was a three-way religious struggle for political influence at the Buganda royal court. The episode also occurred against the backdrop of the "<a href="/wiki/Scramble_for_Africa" title="Scramble for Africa">Scramble for Africa</a>" – the invasion, occupation, division, colonization and annexation of African territory by European powers.<sup id="cite_ref-AMWN_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMWN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few years after, the English <a href="/wiki/Church_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Missionary Society">Church Missionary Society</a> used the deaths to enlist wider public support for the British acquisition of Uganda for the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Apter_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apter-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Catholic Church <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatified</a> the 22 Catholic Uganda martyrs of its faith in 1920 and they were <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonized</a> in 1964 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> at the <a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a> in Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context">Context</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Context"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Namugongo_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Namugongo_03.jpg/210px-Namugongo_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Namugongo_03.jpg/315px-Namugongo_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Namugongo_03.jpg/420px-Namugongo_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Uganda_Martyrs,_Namugongo" title="Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs, Namugongo">Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs, Namugongo</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Namugongo_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Namugongo_06.jpg/210px-Namugongo_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Namugongo_06.jpg/315px-Namugongo_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Namugongo_06.jpg/420px-Namugongo_06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Depiction of how Ugandan Martyrs were tortured</figcaption></figure> <p>Publication in Britain of an 1875 letter purporting to be an invitation from <a href="/wiki/Muteesa_I_of_Buganda" title="Muteesa I of Buganda">Kabaka Muteesa I</a>, to send missionaries, resulted in the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Murdoch_Mackay" title="Alexander Murdoch Mackay">Alexander Mackay</a> of the Anglican <a href="/wiki/Church_Missionary_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Church Missionary Society">Church Missionary Society</a> to Buganda in 1877. A group of French Catholic <a href="/wiki/White_Fathers" title="White Fathers">White Fathers</a>, led by Père Simon Lourdel (Fr. Mapera) appeared two years later. Arab traders from <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a> had introduced <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> into the kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This effectively led to a three-way religious struggle for political influence at the Buganda royal court.<sup id="cite_ref-AMWN_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMWN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the mid-1880s, many had been converted by each of the three groups, and some of the converts held important posts at the king's court.<sup id="cite_ref-LOC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LOC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muteesa himself sympathized with Islam, but many prominent chiefs had become Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kabaka Mwanga II succeeded to the throne in 1884. He was concerned at the growing influence of Christianity and the rise of a new class of officials, distinct from the traditional territorial chiefs, who were educated, had a religious orientation, and wished to reform Ganda society.<sup id="cite_ref-DAHB165_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DAHB165-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/German_East_Africa" title="German East Africa">German annexation</a> of what is now <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a> sparked further alarm. A year after becoming king he ordered the execution of Yusufu Rugarama, Makko Kakumba, and Nuwa/Noah Serwanga, who had converted to Christianity.<sup id="cite_ref-CMU_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMU-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Encouraged by his prime minister, on 29 October 1885 he had the incoming Anglican bishop <a href="/wiki/James_Hannington" title="James Hannington">James Hannington</a> assassinated on the eastern border of his kingdom. This may have been deliberately intended to send a message to the British that he did not wish for them to make inroads in Uganda. It is also alleged that the murder of Bishop James Hannington was due to a myth at the time that enemies that would destroy the Kingdom would come from the East, the direction which the Bishop was coming from. Thus the Kabaka had chief Luba of Busoga Chiefdom in the East execute the Bishop.<sup id="cite_ref-Ward_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mwanga did, however, subsequently appoint several Christians to important military positions.<sup id="cite_ref-DAHB165_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DAHB165-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Executions_in_1885–86"><span id="Executions_in_1885.E2.80.9386"></span>Executions in 1885–86</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Executions in 1885–86"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Journey_for_death.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Journey_for_death.jpg/220px-Journey_for_death.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Journey_for_death.jpg/330px-Journey_for_death.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Journey_for_death.jpg/440px-Journey_for_death.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Monument at <a href="/wiki/Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Munyonyo Martyrs Shrine">Munyonyo Martyrs Shrine</a> marking the spot from where future martyrs walked for death</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:African_Martyrdom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/African_Martyrdom.jpg/220px-African_Martyrdom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/African_Martyrdom.jpg/330px-African_Martyrdom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/African_Martyrdom.jpg/440px-African_Martyrdom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Martyrdom of Andrew Kaggwa</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1886 Mwanga ordered the executions of many members of the royal court for refusing to yield to his religious demands, which he saw as insubordination. Heike Behrend says they were both Christian and Muslim converts; other sources speak only of Anglican and Catholic victims, and mention the killing of Muslims as having occurred ten years earlier at the hands of Mwanga's father Muteesa.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joseph Mukasa, a convert to Christianity who had deplored the assassination of Hannington, and had tried to protect the court pages, was the first to be executed on 15 November 1885:<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this was at the instigation of the <a href="/wiki/Katikkiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Katikkiro">Katikkiro</a> (prime minister) Mukasa, whose successor Joseph Mukasa was tipped to become king.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, between 25 May and 3 June 1886, a wider series of executions were carried out.<sup id="cite_ref-CMU_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMU-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mwanga instructed the killing of all the young men who disobeyed him – partly to satisfy the demands of the older chiefs. Twenty-two of the men, who had converted to <a href="/wiki/Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism">Catholicism</a>, were burned alive at <a href="/wiki/Namugongo" title="Namugongo">Namugongo</a> in 1886. </p><p>"The reasons behind the persecution are still heavily debated", Behrend states.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political factors certainly played a part. Those killed included minor chiefs, some of whom, such as <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mukasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Mukasa">Joseph Mukasa</a>, were "the victims of particular grudges by their seniors ... jealous that these up and coming young men would soon be ousting them from power".<sup id="cite_ref-Ward_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ward has argued that the motivation was the perception that "these Christians were rebels against the Kabaka, unwitting tools of foreign imperialism".<sup id="cite_ref-Ward_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Uganda Martyrs Church Namugongo in Uganda" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg/220px-Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg/330px-Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg/440px-Uganda_Martyrs_Church_Namugongo_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Uganda Martyrs Church Namugongo in Uganda</figcaption></figure> <p>A witness to the event, the French missionary priest Lourdel, considered that the principal cause was Mwanga's feeling of being despised by the literate Christians who claimed a superior knowledge of religion. Lourdel gave as a secondary cause of Mwanga's action the refusal of the pages to meet traditional royal demands of sexual submission.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The king, who by tradition had the power of life and death over his subjects, was angered by this refusal to obey his wishes to have sex with him.<sup id="cite_ref-CMU_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CMU-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Marie de Kiewet-Hemphill concludes that the immediate pretext, if not the whole cause, was therefore the refusal of the pages to offer themselves to Mwanga<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roland Oliver rejects resentment against Christianity as a sufficient reason, since it does not explain why Mwanga took action against these young men and not against prominent chiefs and women among the converts.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sylvia Antonia Nannyonga-Tamusuza draws attention to the same point.<sup id="cite_ref-Bsaakisimba_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bsaakisimba-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> J. P. Thoonen in his book on the question agrees with Kiewet-Hemphill's analysis, while recognizing the existence of other political factors.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Particularly as some of those that renounced their faith were spared death."<sup id="cite_ref-Hoad_2007_4_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoad_2007_4-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the week leading to the executions, the Christian Matthias Gayinga rejected the sexual demands of Mwanga's close friend, the Muslim Lutaya, to whom the king had sent him for that purpose. For this he was severely punished, though not killed. His stance was described as a "splendid refusal" by the English missionary A. P. Ashe, who later said it set the spark for later events. His action was followed by the refusal of another convert, Anatole Kirrigwajjo, to accept nomination to a high post "which he could only exercise at the peril of his soul".<sup id="cite_ref-Hoad_2007_4_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoad_2007_4-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While many of the Christian pages often arranged to be missing when Mwanga demanded them, or refused his sexual solicitation outright, one page Muwafi did comply. Mwanga is said to have caught another page teaching Christianity to Muwafi. Mwanga saw this as an attempt "to rob him of his favourite and so far always compliant toy, by teaching him the religion which made them prefer death to submission".<sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bsaakisimba_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bsaakisimba-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mwanga summoned the pages and asked those who prayed to stand to one side. These, most of whom were between 15 and 30 years old, were then taken on a long journey to execution by being burnt alive. By displaying the courage their Christianity demanded, they helped remove any notion that the new religion was inconsistent with traditional ideals of heroism.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_aftermath">Political aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Political aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The converts, at least the Catholics, had been taught they risked martyrdom.<sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The secular press of the time described them as martyrs.<sup id="cite_ref-Okoth_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okoth-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same description appeared also, of course, in religious publications, both Protestant, such as the journal of the missionary Mackay published in the <i>Intellegencer</i> of 1886,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Catholic, such as the accounts of the missionaries Lourdel, Denoit, and Delmas published in <i>Enquête relative au martyre des chrétiens: Ste Marie de Rubaga, Buganda 1888</i> and <i>Les Missions Catholiques</i> 18 (1886).<sup id="cite_ref-Iliffe_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>News of Mwanga's actions provoked contradictory reactions in Britain. Some saw it as a sign of the futility of missionary efforts in Buganda, others as a call to renewed efforts. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> of 30 October 1886, quoting the dictum, "the blood of martyrs is the seed of the Church", stated: "On the success of the Uganda experiment, with its alternation of favourable and adverse circumstances, depends the happiness of the interior of the vast continent for generations."<sup id="cite_ref-Okoth_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Okoth-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This sentiment developed into a campaign for British intervention in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1888, Mwanga planned to get rid of remaining Christian and Muslim leaders by leaving them to starve on an island in crocodile-infested Lake Victoria.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Word of his plan leaked out and a rebellion by Christians and Muslims together brought Mwanga's brother <a href="/wiki/Kiweewa_of_Buganda" title="Kiweewa of Buganda">Kiweewa</a> to the throne. In October 1888, the Muslims seized power, expelled the Christian leaders and, when Kiweewa refused to be circumcised, deposed and killed him, replacing him with another brother, <a href="/wiki/Kalema_of_Buganda" title="Kalema of Buganda">Kalema</a>. In December 1888, Mwanga won support from Christians and in April 1889 advanced against the Buganda capital. He was defeated, but the Christian forces, led by the Protestant chief Apollo Kaggwa, retook the capital, enabling Mwanga to enter it triumphantly on 11 October 1889. The Muslims took refuge in the neighbouring kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Bunyoro" title="Bunyoro">Bunyoro</a>, which helped them to return victoriously in November 1889, but they suffered a decisive defeat in February 1890 and withdrew again to Bunyoro.<sup id="cite_ref-Marsh_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marsh-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ingham_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingham-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1888, Britain authorized the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_British_East_Africa_Company" title="Imperial British East Africa Company">Imperial British East Africa Company</a> to administer the East African territory assigned to Britain in its 1886 treaty with Germany. In November 1889, Mwanga asked the company's agent Frederick Jackson for help. Jackson hesitated to accept the request, because he had been given orders not to enter Buganda. <a href="/wiki/Carl_Peters" title="Carl Peters">Carl Peters</a>, an agent of the corresponding German company, learning of Mwanga's appeal, decided to respond to it. He arrived at <a href="/wiki/Mengo,_Uganda" title="Mengo, Uganda">Mengo</a>, Mwanga's new capital, a fortnight after the February 1890 defeat of the Muslims. Since these still presented a threat, Mwanga accepted his offer of a treaty. Jackson then arrived and offered a treaty, which Mwanga rejected, since even the English missionaries considered its terms too onerous.<sup id="cite_ref-Marsh_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marsh-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The agreement that Peters made with Mwanga was nullified by the <a href="/wiki/Heligoland%E2%80%93Zanzibar_Treaty" title="Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty">1 July 1890 treaty</a> between Britain and Germany, which extended inland the line of division between their areas of influence in East Africa, leaving Buganda in the British sphere and moving the centre of interest from the coast to the hinterland.<sup id="cite_ref-Ingham_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingham-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Imperial British East Africa Company sent <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Lugard" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Lugard">Frederick Lugard</a>, its military administrator, to Mengo, where in December 1890 he got Mwanga to accept for a period of two years an agreement with the company. This agreement was advantageous for Mwanga when the Muslims in Bunyoro made another attempt to recover power. Friction between the Catholic and the Protestant parties led to fighting in January 1892 in Mengo. Lugard supported the Protestants against the stronger Catholic side in the fighting, forcing Mwanga and the Catholics to flee. Lugard managed to persuade Mwanga to return from German territory, where he had taken refuge, to Mengo on 30 March 1892 and to make a new treaty. This treaty assigned separate areas to Protestants (the largest area), Catholics, and (only a small area) Muslims; Mwanga himself nominally became a Protestant.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the aid of the Church Missionary Society, which used the deaths of their martyrs to win broad public support in Britain for acquiring Uganda, Lugard then successfully dissuaded Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/William_Ewart_Gladstone" title="William Ewart Gladstone">William Ewart Gladstone</a> and his cabinet from abandoning Uganda.<sup id="cite_ref-Apter_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Apter-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The powers of the company were transferred to the British Crown on 1 April 1893 and on 27 August 1894 Mwanga accepted Buganda being made a British protectorate. However, on 6 July 1897 he declared war on the British. Defeated on 20 July in <a href="/wiki/Buddu" title="Buddu">Buddu</a> (in today's <a href="/wiki/Masaka_District" title="Masaka District">Masaka District</a>), an area assigned to Catholics in the 1892 treaty, he again fled to <a href="/wiki/German_East_Africa" title="German East Africa">German East Africa</a>. He was declared <a href="/wiki/Deposition_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deposition (politics)">deposed</a> on 9 August. After a failed attempt to recover his kingdom, he was <a href="/wiki/Exile" title="Exile">exiled</a> in 1899 to the <a href="/wiki/Seychelles" title="Seychelles">Seychelles</a>, where he was received into the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican Church">Anglican Church</a>. He died in 1903, aged 35.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholic_Church_veneration">Catholic Church veneration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Catholic Church veneration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg/220px-Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg/330px-Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg/440px-Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine_at_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Shrine in Munyonyo constructed as thanksgiving for the canonisation of Uganda Martyrs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg/220px-St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg/330px-St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg/440px-St._Andrew_Kaggwa_tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Open amphitheatre build on the tomb of St. Andrew at Munyonyo</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Heike Behrend, following the deaths, the Roman Catholic Church used the episode to make the victims the focus of a "cult of martyrs".<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>In 1897 Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Henri_Streicher" title="Henri Streicher">Henri Streicher</a> founded in Uganda the Uganda Martyrs Guild to participate in evangelization. Some chapters of the Guild became politicized in the 1950s. Under the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Charismatic Movement">Charismatic Movement</a>, it later developed into an important anti-witchcraft movement in Tooro.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The honour paid to the Uganda martyrs elsewhere in Africa serves to Africanize Catholicism, as for instance in <a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a>, where a church built in 1890 contains their relics and where there are several churches dedicated to Kizito, the youngest of their number.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Matthew_Malumba,_Charles_Lwanga,_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg/220px-Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="424" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg/330px-Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg/440px-Matthew_Malumba%2C_Charles_Lwanga%2C_and_Ugandan_Martyrs_Relics_Museum_of_Catholic_Art_and_History.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="3356" /></a><figcaption>Reliquary holding relics of Charles Lwanga and other Ugandan Martyrs.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XV" title="Pope Benedict XV">Pope Benedict XV</a> beatified Charles Lwanga, Matiya Mulumba, and their twenty companions on 6 June 1920, and <a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a> <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonized</a> them on 18 October 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the ceremony of canonization of the Catholic martyrs, Pope Paul mentioned also the Anglicans, saying: "Nor, indeed, do we wish to forget the others who, belonging to the Anglican confession, confronted death in the name of Christ."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Papal Mass canonizing them is notable as the last time such was celebrated in the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine form</a> at St. Peter's Basilica. A set of postage stamps was issued in the following year by <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> for commemorating the canonization.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 3 June <a href="/wiki/Feast_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast day">feast day</a> of Charles Lwanga and the twelve others who died on 3 June 1886 is included in the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a>, while the nine remaining martyrs are commemorated in the <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Martyrology" title="Roman Martyrology">Roman Martyrology</a></i> on their respective dates of death. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_the_Uganda_Martyrs,_Namugongo" title="Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs, Namugongo">Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs</a> at Namugongo was built in 1968. Since the 1980s it has become the venue of massive pilgrimages, and plans for large-scale expansion were announced in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Santi_Martiri_dell%27Uganda_a_Poggio_Ameno" title="Santi Martiri dell'Uganda a Poggio Ameno">Santi Martiri dell'Uganda a Poggio Ameno</a>, a church in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> dedicated to the Ugandan Martyrs, was dedicated in 1980 and became a <a href="/wiki/Titular_church" title="Titular church">titular church</a> in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1993, the <a href="/wiki/Uganda_Episcopal_Conference" title="Uganda Episcopal Conference">Uganda Episcopal Conference</a> established a <a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs_University" title="Uganda Martyrs University">university</a> named after the Uganda Martyrs, which received its civil charter in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Uganda celebrated 50 years since the Uganda Martyrs were canonized and elevated to sainthood by Pope Paul VI on 18 October 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Munyonyo_Martyrs_Shrine" class="mw-redirect" title="Munyonyo Martyrs Shrine">Munyonyo Martyrs Shrine</a> is a thanksgiving monument for their canonization. Official groundbreaking was on 3 May 2015 by the Papal Nuncio to Uganda, Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Blume" title="Michael A. Blume">Michael A. Blume</a>, and Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Wamala" title="Emmanuel Wamala">Emmanuel Wamala</a>. Re-development included construction of a new church shrine, museum, offices, and martyrdom spots of the saints.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_the_22_Catholic_martyrs[7]_[44]"><span id="List_of_the_22_Catholic_martyrs.5B7.5D_.5B44.5D"></span>List of the 22 Catholic martyrs<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: List of the 22 Catholic martyrs[7] [44]"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Date of death </th> <th>Age at death </th> <th>Patron saint of </th> <th>Killed using </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Achilleus_Kewanuka" title="Achilleus Kewanuka">Achilleus Kewanuka</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>17 years </td> <td>journalists, press writers, printers and artist. </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Ludigo-Mukasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Adolphus Ludigo-Mukasa">Adolphus Ludigo-Mukasa</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>24 years </td> <td>farmers and herdsmen </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Kibuuka" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrosius Kibuuka">Ambrose Kibuuka Katekamu (Kateka Mulundaggana)</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>18 years </td> <td>societies and youth movements such as scouts, YCW, Xaverians etc. </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. </td> <td>Anatoli Kirigwajjo </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>hunters and herdsmen </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Kaggwa" title="Andrew Kaggwa">Andrew Kaggwa Kaahwa</a> </td> <td>26 May 1886 </td> <td>about 30 years </td> <td>teachers, catechists and families </td> <td>Panga and a knife </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Athanasius_Bazzekuketa_Kizza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Athanasius Bazzekuketa Kizza (page does not exist)">Athanasius Bazzekuketa Kizza</a> </td> <td>27 May 1886 </td> <td>20 years </td> <td>those in charge of finance, treasury and banks. </td> <td>Spear </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruno_Sserunkuuma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruno Sserunkuuma (page does not exist)">Bruno Sserunkuuma</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>alcoholic, the violent, those with lust of flesh and improper marriage. </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lwanga" title="Charles Lwanga">Charles Lwanga</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>25 years </td> <td>African youth and Catholic action </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Denis_Ssebuggwawo_Wasswa" title="Denis Ssebuggwawo Wasswa">Denis Ssebuggwawo Wasswa</a> </td> <td>25 May 1886 </td> <td>16 years </td> <td>singers, musicians and choirs </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonzaga_Gonza_Nghonzabato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonzaga Gonza Nghonzabato (page does not exist)">Gonzaga Gonza Nghonzabato</a> </td> <td>27 May 1886 </td> <td>24 years </td> <td>prisoners, travelers, ill-treated  and those in trouble. </td> <td>Spear </td></tr> <tr> <td>11. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyaviira_Mayanja_Musoke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyaviira Mayanja Musoke (page does not exist)">Gyavira Mayanja Musoke</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>17 years </td> <td>traffic communications and those troubled by witchcrafts </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Buuzabalyawo_Kalumba_Ssebayigga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Buuzabalyawo Kalumba Ssebayigga (page does not exist)">James Buuzabalyawo Kalumba Ssebayigga</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>26 years </td> <td>merchants and co-operatives </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>13. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Mary_Kiwanuka_Muzeeyi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Mary Kiwanuka Muzeeyi (page does not exist)">John Mary Kiwanuka Muzeeyi</a> </td> <td>27 January 1887 </td> <td> </td> <td>Panga </td></tr> <tr> <td>14. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mukasa_Balikuddembe" title="Joseph Mukasa Balikuddembe">Joseph Mukasa Balikuddembe</a> </td> <td>15 November 1885 <sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>20 years </td> <td>politicians and chiefs </td> <td>Panga and fire </td></tr> <tr> <td>15. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kizito" class="mw-redirect" title="Kizito">Kizito</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>young children particularly those below the age of 15 </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>16. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luke_Baanabakintu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luke Baanabakintu (page does not exist)">Luke (Lukka) Baanabakintu</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>30 years </td> <td>fishermen, sailors, mechanics, students and black-smiths. </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>17. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matiya_Mulumba" title="Matiya Mulumba">Mathias Kalemba Mulumba Wante</a> </td> <td>30 May 1886 </td> <td>50 years </td> <td>Chiefs and Families </td> <td>Knife and Pangas </td></tr> <tr> <td>18. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbaaga_Tuzinde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbaaga Tuzinde (page does not exist)">Mbaaga Tuzinde</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>17 years </td> <td>vocations mainly of the seminarians, aspirants, postulants and novices </td> <td>Stick and Fire </td></tr> <tr> <td>19. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mugagga_Lubowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mugagga Lubowa (page does not exist)">Mugagga Lubowa</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td>16 years </td> <td>clubs, community development, culture and home craft </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>20. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukasa_Kiriwawanvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukasa Kiriwawanvu (page does not exist)">Mukasa Kiriwawanvu</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>hotels bars and restaurants </td> <td>Fire (burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>21. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noa_Mawaggali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noa Mawaggali (page does not exist)">Noa Mawaggali</a> </td> <td>31 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>the poor, technicians and the artists </td> <td>Tied on the tree and dogs bit and then thrown on the road </td></tr> <tr> <td>22. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ponsiano_Ngondwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ponsiano Ngondwe (page does not exist)">Ponsiano Ngondwe</a> </td> <td>26 May 1886 </td> <td>30 years </td> <td>soldiers, policemen and militia </td> <td>Spear </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Two_martyrs_of_Paimol">Two martyrs of Paimol</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Two martyrs of Paimol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color:gold;">Daudi Okelo and Jildo Irwa</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">c.1900 (Daudi); 1906 (Jildo)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 October 1918, Paimol, Uganda</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Means of martyrdom</th><td class="infobox-data category">pierced with spears</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Beatified</a></th><td class="infobox-data">20 October 2002, <span class="nowrap">by <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data">18 October</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>There were also two Ugandan martyrs of a later period, who died at Paimol in 1918 and were beatified in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These have not yet been canonized. </p><p>The martyrs Daudi Okelo and Jildo Irwa were two young <a href="/wiki/Catechist" class="mw-redirect" title="Catechist">catechists</a> from Uganda. They belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Acholi_people" title="Acholi people">Acholi</a> tribe, a subdivision of the large <a href="/wiki/Luo_(family_of_ethnic_groups)" class="mw-redirect" title="Luo (family of ethnic groups)">Luo</a> group. They lived and were martyred in the years immediately following the founding of the mission of Kitgum by the <a href="/wiki/Comboni_Missionaries_of_the_Heart_of_Jesus" title="Comboni Missionaries of the Heart of Jesus">Comboni</a> Missionaries in 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Anglicanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 23 Martyrs of Uganda are <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">remembered</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Commemoration_(observance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commemoration (observance)">commemoration</a> on 3 June.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When commemorating the martyrs of Uganda, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> includes Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Janani_Luwum" title="Janani Luwum">Janani Luwum</a>, who was murdered in 1977 by <a href="/wiki/Idi_Amin" title="Idi Amin">Idi Amin</a>'s henchmen; they also commemorate Luwum separately on 16 February. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>List of the 23 Anglican martyrs<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th># </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Date of death and age </th> <th>Patron of </th> <th>Killed using </th></tr> <tr> <td>1. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Makko_Kakumba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makko Kakumba (page does not exist)">Makko Kakumba</a> </td> <td>31 January 1885 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yusuf_Rugalama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yusuf Rugalama (page does not exist)">Yusuf Rugalama</a> </td> <td>31 January 1885 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukasa_Musa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukasa Musa (page does not exist)">Mukasa Musa</a> </td> <td>25 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbwa_Eriya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbwa Eriya (page does not exist)">Mbwa Eriya</a> </td> <td>27 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muddu_Aguma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muddu Aguma (page does not exist)">Muddu Aguma</a> </td> <td>2 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daudi_Muwanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daudi Muwanga (page does not exist)">Daudi Muwanga</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muwanga_(Uganda_martyr)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muwanga (Uganda martyr) (page does not exist)">Muwanga</a> </td> <td>31 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kayizzi_Kibuuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kayizzi Kibuuka (page does not exist)">Kayizzi Kibuuka</a> </td> <td>31 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mayanja_Kitoogo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mayanja Kitoogo (page does not exist)">Mayanja Kitoogo</a> </td> <td>31 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noah_Walukagga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noah Walukagga (page does not exist)">Noah Walukagga</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>11. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Kadoko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Kadoko (page does not exist)">Alexander Kadoko</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederick_Kizza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederick Kizza (page does not exist)">Frederick Kizza</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>13. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Munyagabyangu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Munyagabyangu (page does not exist)">Robert Munyagabyangu</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>14. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Nakabandwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Nakabandwa (page does not exist)">Daniel Nakabandwa</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiwanuka_Giyaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiwanuka Giyaza (page does not exist)">Kiwanuka Giyaza</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>16. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mukasa_Lwakisiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mukasa Lwakisiga (page does not exist)">Mukasa Lwakisiga</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>17. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lwanga" title="Charles Lwanga">Charles Lwanga</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 at 25 years </td> <td>African youth and of catholic action </td> <td>Fire (Burnt) </td></tr> <tr> <td>18. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mubi_Azaalwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mubi Azaalwa (page does not exist)">Mubi Azaalwa</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>19. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wasswa_(Ugandan_martyr)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wasswa (Ugandan martyr) (page does not exist)">Wasswa (Ugandan martyr)</a> </td> <td>25 May 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td>Spear and knife </td></tr> <tr> <td>20. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwabafu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwabafu (page does not exist)">Kwabafu</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>21. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kifamunnyanja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kifamunnyanja (page does not exist)">Kifamunnyanja</a> </td> <td>3 June 1886 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>22. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muwanga_Njigiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muwanga Njigiya (page does not exist)">Muwanga Njigiya</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>23. </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuwa_Sserwanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuwa Sserwanga (page does not exist)">Nuwa Sserwanga</a> </td> <td>31 January 1885 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catholic_Hymns_composed_about_Uganda_Martyrs_and_their_life">Catholic Hymns composed about Uganda Martyrs and their life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Catholic Hymns composed about Uganda Martyrs and their life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During Uganda Martyrs canonisation day on 18 October 1964, a Ugandan choir of nearly 100 people that was led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Kyagambiddwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Kyagambiddwa (page does not exist)">Joseph Kyagambiddwa</a> sang hymns that were composed about the Uganda Martyrs and their journey of faith.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Joseph Kyagambiddwa wrote and composed 22 hymns about the Uganda marytrs.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hymns and songs that were composed about the Uganda marytrs include; </p> <ul><li>"<b>Karoli Lwanga Wuuno Omulwanyi</b>" (loosely translated as Lwanga, the invincible religious warrior).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<b>Kizito Omuto ye wange</b>" which is loosely translated as "Young Kizito is my own".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<b>Abagalagala b'embuuza</b>" which is loosely translated as "Where are the royal guards"<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"<b>Mulinnya lya Patri</b>" which is loosely translated as "In the name of the father"<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>1975 Marytrs anthem</b> by Yusufu Byangwa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Mukulike Abazira</b> by Godfrey Lubuulwa</li> <li><b>Bayuguuma Ekibuga</b> by Pastor Simeon Kayiwa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Abajulizi</b> by Kato Ssekandi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Abalamazi</b> by Gabriel Bulindwa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Babalangaki</b> by Gerald Kiweewa.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Bakikola</b> by John Ntale.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Omulanga gwa Mapeera</b> by Emmanuel Ssekidde.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Ugandan Martyrs were featured in one episode of the film <i><a href="/wiki/Millions_(2004_film)" title="Millions (2004 film)">Millions</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the DVD of the film it is mentioned that one of the actors who played the martyrs claimed to be a descendant of one of the martyrs.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015 <a href="/wiki/Posta_Uganda" title="Posta Uganda">Posta Uganda</a> released a postage stamp set on the occasion of the 50th anniversary in 2014 of the canonization of the Uganda Martyrs.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shrines">Shrines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Shrines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Uganda martyrs shrines in Uganda include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namugongo" title="Namugongo">Namugongo Martyrs shrine</a> located in Wakiso District</li> <li>St. Andrew Kaggwa (Kahawa) shrine in Hoima District.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>St. Anatole Kiriggwajjo shrine in Hoima District.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>St. Adolf Mukasa Ludigo shrine in Fort portal district.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Busega_Martyrs_Memorial" title="Busega Martyrs Memorial">Busega Martyrs Memorial</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_White_Fathers_Mission_in_Uganda" title="The White Fathers Mission in Uganda">The White Fathers Mission in Uganda</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabulagala_Mapeera_church" title="Nabulagala Mapeera church">Nabulagala Mapeera church</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rubaga_Cathedral" title="Rubaga Cathedral">Rubaga cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katoosa_Martyrs_Shrine" title="Katoosa Martyrs Shrine">Katoosa Martyrs Shrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namugongo" title="Namugongo">Namugongo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEdgar_R._Batte2018" class="citation news cs1">Edgar R. Batte (3 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allafrica.com/stories/201806040151.html">"Uganda: Understanding the Essence, Significance of June 3rd As Uganda Martyrs' Day"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Monitor" title="Daily Monitor">Daily Monitor</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Monitor&rft.atitle=Uganda%3A+Understanding+the+Essence%2C+Significance+of+June+3rd+As+Uganda+Martyrs%27+Day&rft.date=2018-06-03&rft.au=Edgar+R.+Batte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com%2Fstories%2F201806040151.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"Martyrs of Uganda". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/612654/Martyrs-of-Uganda"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica Inc</i></a>. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Martyrs+of+Uganda&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Inc.&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F612654%2FMartyrs-of-Uganda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CMU-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CMU_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CMU_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CMU_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CMU_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm">"The Christian Martyrs of Uganda"</a>. <i>The Buganda Home Page</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm">the original</a> on 19 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Buganda+Home+Page&rft.atitle=The+Christian+Martyrs+of+Uganda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buganda.com%2Fmartyrs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMWN-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMWN_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMWN_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoorehead1963" class="citation book cs1">Moorehead, Alan (1963). "Chapter 16, Paradise Reformed". <i>The White Nile</i>. Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780060956394" title="Special:BookSources/9780060956394"><bdi>9780060956394</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+16%2C+Paradise+Reformed&rft.btitle=The+White+Nile&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=1963&rft.isbn=9780060956394&rft.aulast=Moorehead&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Apter-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Apter_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Apter_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Apter1961" class="citation book cs1">David Apter (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FZJL3zJjipgC"><i>The Political Kingdom in Uganda: A Study of Bureaucratic Nationalism</i></a>. Princeton University. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-30764-5"><bdi>978-1-136-30764-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Political+Kingdom+in+Uganda%3A+A+Study+of+Bureaucratic+Nationalism&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=Princeton+University&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=978-1-136-30764-5&rft.au=David+Apter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFZJL3zJjipgC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/NV_165154">"Mapeera relative speaks out on her impression of Uganda"</a>. <i>New Vision</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Vision&rft.atitle=Mapeera+relative+speaks+out+on+her+impression+of+Uganda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newvision.co.ug%2Farticledetails%2FNV_165154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/how-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574">"How Uganda's martyrs shaped Catholic hymns"</a>. <i>Monitor</i>. 27 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monitor&rft.atitle=How+Uganda%27s+martyrs+shaped+Catholic+hymns&rft.date=2023-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monitor.co.ug%2Fuganda%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fhow-uganda-s-martyrs-shaped-catholic-hymns-4247574&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIan_Leggett2001" class="citation book cs1">Ian Leggett (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tdz9geaMMtkC"><i>Uganda</i></a>. Oxfam. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85598-454-0"><bdi>978-0-85598-454-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uganda&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=Oxfam&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-85598-454-0&rft.au=Ian+Leggett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dtdz9geaMMtkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LOC-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LOC_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ug0016)">"Long-Distance Trade and Foreign Contact"</a>. <i>Uganda</i>. Library of Congress Country Studies. December 1990<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uganda&rft.atitle=Long-Distance+Trade+and+Foreign+Contact&rft.date=1990-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery%2Fr%3Ffrd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID%2Bug0016%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark R. Lipschutz and R. Kent Rasmussen, <i>Dictionary of African Historical Biography</i>, University of California Press, 1986 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-06611-3">978-0-520-06611-3</a>), p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DAHB165-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DAHB165_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DAHB165_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lipshutz and Rasmussen (1986), <i>Dictionary of African Historical Biography</i>, 1986, p. 165.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ward-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ward_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ward_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ward_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kevin Ward, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html">"A History of Christianity in Uganda"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161123083842/http://www.dacb.org/history/a%20history%20of%20christianity%20in%20uganda.html">Archived</a> 23 November 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> in <i>Dictionary of African Christian Biography</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muslimpopulation.com/africa/Uganda/The%20untold%20story.php">"The untold story of the Uganda Muslim martyrs"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bob French, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wau.org/archives/article/the_uganda_martyrs/">"The Uganda Martyrs: Their Countercultural Witness Still Speaks Today"</a> in <i>The Word Among Us</i>, August 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Iliffe-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Iliffe_15-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">John Iliffe, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jn7TCydPAPAC&dq=Iliffe+risk+martyrdom&pg=PA173"><i>Honour in African History</i></a>, Cambridge University Press, 2005 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83785-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-83785-9">978-0-521-83785-9</a>), pp. 172–173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060826113228/http://www.dacb.org/stories/uganda/lwanga_charles.html">Dictionary of African Christian Biography: Charles Lwanga</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Heike Behrend, <i>Resurrecting Cannibals: The Catholic Church, With Hunts, and the production of pagans in Western Uganda</i>, Rochester, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quoted in Hoad (2007), p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quoted in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k9OhP55_hJAC&dq=Hoad+%22immediate+pretext%22&pg=PA4">Neville Wallace Hoad, <i>African Intimacies</i></a>, University of Minnesota Press, 2007 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-4916-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8166-4916-7">978-0-8166-4916-7</a>), p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cited in Hoad (2007), pp. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bsaakisimba-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bsaakisimba_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bsaakisimba_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sylvia Antonia Nannyonga-Tamusuza, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IRPKAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA212"><i>Bsaakisimba</i></a>, Routledge, 2014 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-45652-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-45652-8">978-1-135-45652-8</a>), pp. 212–213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cited in Hoad (2007), p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hoad_2007_4-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hoad_2007_4_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoad_2007_4_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hoad (2007), p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John F. Faupel, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xNR1KMtYRLoC&q=Faupel"><i>African Holocaust</i></a>, Paulines Publications Africa, 2007 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9966-21-629-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-9966-21-629-8">978-9966-21-629-8</a>), pp. 137–138.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charles Lwanga Mubiru, <i>The Uganda Martyrs and the Need for Appropriate Role Models in Adolescents' Moral Formation</i>, Lit Verlag Münster, 2012 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-643-90142-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-643-90142-2">978-3-643-90142-2</a>), p. 107.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Okoth-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Okoth_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Okoth_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Assa Okoth, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6knAMseFPpIC&dq=uganda+blood+martyrs+seed+%22the+times%22+october&pg=PA86"><i>A History of Africa</i></a>, East African Publishers, 2006 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9966-25-357-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-9966-25-357-6">978-9966-25-357-6</a>), p. 86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. W. Bryan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CFoudViGq0gC&dq=uganda+blood+martyrs+seed+%22the+times%22+october&pg=PA40"><i>Great Christians Commemorated by the Indian Church</i></a>, ISPCK (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7214-336-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7214-336-7">978-81-7214-336-7</a>), p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faupel (2007), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xNR1KMtYRLoC&dq=Faupel+Intelligencer&pg=PA118"><i>African Holocaust</i></a>, p. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cedric Pulford, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JEbqCWN3R_UC&dq=%22in+Britain%2C+where+the+martyrdom+of+the+Baganda+converts+was+well+remembered%22&pg=PA145"><i>Eating Uganda</i></a>, Ituri Publications, 1999 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9536430-0-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9536430-0-4">978-0-9536430-0-4</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald Anthony Low, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N28QWWLPYtcC&dq=maroon+crocodile+infested&pg=PA31"><i>Buganda in Modern History</i></a>, University of California Press, 1971 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-01640-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-01640-8">978-0-520-01640-8</a>), p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marsh-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marsh_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marsh_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zoë Marsh, G. W. Kingsnorth, <i>An Introduction to the History of East Africa</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1957, pp. 131–133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ingham-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ingham_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ingham_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Ingham, <i>A History of East Africa</i>, Longmans, Green. London, 1963, pp. 145–146 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Ingham, <i>The Making of Modern Uganda</i>, Allen & Unwin. London, 1958, pp. 43–49 .</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCawthorne2013" class="citation book cs1">Cawthorne, Nigel (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bgkEAwAAQBAJ&q=Danieri+Basamula-Ekkeri+Mwanga+II+Mukasa&pg=PT211"><i>Tyrants: History's 100 Most Evil Despots & Dictators</i></a>. Arcturus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78212-255-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78212-255-5"><bdi>978-1-78212-255-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tyrants%3A+History%27s+100+Most+Evil+Despots+%26+Dictators&rft.pub=Arcturus+Publishing&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-78212-255-5&rft.aulast=Cawthorne&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbgkEAwAAQBAJ%26q%3DDanieri%2BBasamula-Ekkeri%2BMwanga%2BII%2BMukasa%26pg%3DPT211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091003084454/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint.php?n=488">"Saint Charles Lwanga and Companions, Martyrs of Uganda"</a>. <i>Catholic News Agency</i>. 3 June 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/saint.php?n=488">the original</a> on 3 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Saint+Charles+Lwanga+and+Companions%2C+Martyrs+of+Uganda&rft.date=2017-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fsaint.php%3Fn%3D488&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/content/paul-vi/la/homilies/1964/documents/hf_p-vi_hom_19641018_martiri-uganda.html">"Pope Paul VI's homily at the canonization of the martyrs of Uganda"</a> (in Latin). 18 October 1964.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pope+Paul+VI%27s+homily+at+the+canonization+of+the+martyrs+of+Uganda&rft.date=1964-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fcontent%2Fpaul-vi%2Fla%2Fhomilies%2F1964%2Fdocuments%2Fhf_p-vi_hom_19641018_martiri-uganda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stampworld.com/en/stamps/Vatican-City/Postage%20stamps/1960-1969?user=217425&year=1965">"Vatican City – Postage Stamps – 1965"</a>. Stamp World.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vatican+City+%E2%80%93+Postage+Stamps+%E2%80%93+1965&rft.pub=Stamp+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stampworld.com%2Fen%2Fstamps%2FVatican-City%2FPostage%2520stamps%2F1960-1969%3Fuser%3D217425%26year%3D1965&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monitor.co.ug/News/National/Govt-to-launch-Namugongo-Martyrs-Shrines-fundraising-/-/688334/2426802/-/nphe86/-/index.html">"Government to launch Namugongo Martyrs Shrines fundraising campaign today"</a>, <i>Daily Monitor</i>, 23 October 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPham2004" class="citation book cs1">Pham, John-Peter (30 November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ahTU3koVfLEC&dq=%22Santi+Martiri+dell%27Uganda+a+Poggio+Ameno%22&pg=PA219"><i>Heirs of the Fisherman: Behind the Scenes of Papal Death and Succession</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-534635-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-534635-0"><bdi>978-0-19-534635-0</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heirs+of+the+Fisherman%3A+Behind+the+Scenes+of+Papal+Death+and+Succession&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004-11-30&rft.isbn=978-0-19-534635-0&rft.aulast=Pham&rft.aufirst=John-Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DahTU3koVfLEC%26dq%3D%2522Santi%2BMartiri%2Bdell%2527Uganda%2Ba%2BPoggio%2BAmeno%2522%26pg%3DPA219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBräuer2014" class="citation book cs1">Bräuer, Martin (27 February 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=363pBQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Poggio+Ameno%22&pg=PA532"><i>Handbuch der Kardinäle: 1846-2012</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783110269475" title="Special:BookSources/9783110269475"><bdi>9783110269475</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbuch+der+Kardin%C3%A4le%3A+1846-2012&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2014-02-27&rft.isbn=9783110269475&rft.aulast=Br%C3%A4uer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D363pBQAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522Poggio%2BAmeno%2522%26pg%3DPA532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umu.ac.ug/">Uganda Martyrs University</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140719024926/http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm">"The Christian Martyrs of Uganda"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.buganda.com/martyrs.htm">the original</a> on 19 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Christian+Martyrs+of+Uganda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buganda.com%2Fmartyrs.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntv.co.ug/news/local/03/may/2015/papal-nuncio-launches-construction-munyonyo-martyrs-shrine-5886">"Papal nuncio launches construction of Munyonyo martyrs shrine"</a>, NTV, 3 May 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uecon.org/uganda-martyrs/martyrs">"Uganda Martyrs"</a>. <i>Uganda Episcopal Conference</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uganda+Episcopal+Conference&rft.atitle=Uganda+Martyrs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uecon.org%2Fuganda-martyrs%2Fmartyrs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/lifestyle/reviews-profiles/uganda-martyrs-tracing-the-history-1571544">"Uganda Martyrs: tracing the history"</a>. <i>Monitor</i>. 5 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monitor&rft.atitle=Uganda+Martyrs%3A+tracing+the+history&rft.date=2021-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monitor.co.ug%2Fuganda%2Flifestyle%2Freviews-profiles%2Fuganda-martyrs-tracing-the-history-1571544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/ugandan-martyrs-to-be-beatified-this-sunday">"Ugandan Martyrs to Be beatified This Sunday"</a>, ZENIT News Agency, 18 October 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/saints/ns_lit_doc_20021020_okelo-irwa_en.html">"Daudi Okelo (1902 ca.-1918) and Jildo Irwa (1906 ca.-1918)"</a>. Vatican.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Daudi+Okelo+%281902+ca.-1918%29+and+Jildo+Irwa+%281906+ca.-1918%29&rft.pub=Vatican&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fnews_services%2Fliturgy%2Fsaints%2Fns_lit_doc_20021020_okelo-irwa_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/churchs-year/calendar">"The Calendar"</a>. <i>The Church of England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+England&rft.atitle=The+Calendar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fprayer-and-worship%2Fworship-texts-and-resources%2Fcommon-worship%2Fchurchs-year%2Fcalendar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Regina Hansen (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AtALOnale4QC&dq=film+millions+uganda+martyrs&pg=PA23"><i>Roman Catholicism in Fantastic Film: Essays on Belief, Spectacle, Ritual and Imagery</i></a>, McFarland, 2011 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8724-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-8724-0">978-0-7864-8724-0</a>), p. 23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0366777/trivia">"Millions (2004): Trivia"</a>, <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> StampData, Stamps of Uganda, 2015 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://stampdata.com/stamps.php?fissuer=887&fdate=2015">http://stampdata.com/stamps.php?fissuer=887&fdate=2015</a> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/govt-to-promote-faith-based-tourism-in-mbarara-4210750">"Govt to promote faith-based tourism in Mbarara"</a>. <i>Monitor</i>. 24 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Monitor&rft.atitle=Govt+to+promote+faith-based+tourism+in+Mbarara&rft.date=2023-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.monitor.co.ug%2Fuganda%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fgovt-to-promote-faith-based-tourism-in-mbarara-4210750&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUganda+Martyrs" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ugandaholidayguide.com/the-catholic-martyrs-of-uganda/">The Catholic Martyrs of Uganda</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/176.html">Biographical sketches of memorable Christians of the past</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9074103">Encyclopædia Britannica Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ugandamartyrsshrine.org.ug/">Uganda Martyrs' Shrine, Namugongo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.munyonyo-shrine.ug/">Uganda Martyrs' Shrine, Munyonyo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wau.org/archives/article/the_uganda_martyrs/">The Uganda Martyrs from the August 2008 issue of <i>The Word Among Us</i> magazine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Uganda_articles563" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Uganda_topics" title="Template:Uganda topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Uganda_topics" title="Template talk:Uganda topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Uganda_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Uganda topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Uganda_articles563" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Uganda-related_articles" title="Index of Uganda-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uganda" title="History of Uganda">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_history_of_Uganda" title="Early history of Uganda">Early (pre-1894)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Uganda_under_Egyptian_rule&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Uganda under Egyptian rule (page does not exist)">Egyptian rule</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Protectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Uganda Protectorate">British rule (1894–1962)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uganda_(1962%E2%80%9371)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Uganda (1962–71)">Early independence (1962–1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Republic_of_Uganda" title="Second Republic of Uganda">Idi Amin (1971–1979)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda%E2%80%93Tanzania_War" title="Uganda–Tanzania War">Uganda–Tanzania War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uganda_(1979%E2%80%931986)" title="History of Uganda (1979–1986)">Third Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda since 1986</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda" title="Coat of arms of Uganda"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="549" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uganda" title="Geography of Uganda">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Uganda" title="List of cities and towns in Uganda">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Uganda" title="Conservation in Uganda">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Uganda" title="List of lakes of Uganda">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Uganda" title="Category:Mountains of Uganda">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Protected_Areas_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Protected Areas in Uganda">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Uganda" title="List of rivers of Uganda">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Uganda" title="Wildlife of Uganda">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Uganda" title="Politics of Uganda">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Uganda" title="Administrative divisions of Uganda">Administrative divisions</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Uganda" title="Constitution of Uganda">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Uganda" title="Corruption in Uganda">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Uganda" title="Elections in Uganda">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Uganda" title="Foreign relations of Uganda">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_of_Uganda" title="Category:Government of Uganda">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Uganda" title="President of Uganda">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Uganda" title="Prime Minister of Uganda">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Uganda" title="Cabinet of Uganda">Cabinet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Uganda" title="Human rights in Uganda">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intersex_rights_in_Uganda" title="Intersex rights in Uganda">Intersex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Uganda">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_People%27s_Defence_Force" title="Uganda People's Defence Force">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Police_Force" title="Uganda Police Force">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Uganda" title="List of political parties in Uganda">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rebel_groups_in_Uganda" title="Category:Rebel groups in Uganda">Rebel groups</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Uganda" title="Agriculture in Uganda">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Uganda" title="Banking in Uganda">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Uganda" title="Bank of Uganda">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_in_Uganda" title="Conservation in Uganda">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Uganda" title="Energy in Uganda">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fishing_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing in Uganda">Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Uganda" title="Forestry in Uganda">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Uganda" title="Poverty in Uganda">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_shilling" title="Ugandan shilling">Shilling <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Securities_Exchange" title="Uganda Securities Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunications in Uganda">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Uganda" title="Tourism in Uganda">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_unions_in_Uganda" title="Trade unions in Uganda">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Uganda" title="Transport in Uganda">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Uganda" title="Category:Society of Uganda">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Uganda" title="Abortion in Uganda">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Uganda" title="Climate change in Uganda">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Uganda" title="Demographics of Uganda">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_violence_in_Uganda" title="Domestic violence in Uganda">Domestic violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Uganda" title="Education in Uganda">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Uganda" title="Health in Uganda">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Uganda" title="Human trafficking in Uganda">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Uganda" title="Languages of Uganda">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygamy_in_Uganda" title="Polygamy in Uganda">Polygamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Uganda" title="Prostitution in Uganda">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Uganda" title="Religion in Uganda">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Uganda" title="Squatting in Uganda">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Uganda" title="Terrorism in Uganda">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Uganda" title="Water supply and sanitation in Uganda">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Uganda" title="Women in Uganda">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Uganda" title="Youth in Uganda">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Uganda" title="Culture of Uganda">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Uganda" title="Cinema of Uganda">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugandan_cuisine" title="Ugandan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomesi" title="Gomesi"><i>Gomesi</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(dress)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanzu" title="Kanzu"><i>Kanzu</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(robe)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Uganda">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uganda" title="Music of Uganda">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Uganda" title="Public holidays in Uganda">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Uganda">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Uganda" title="Outline of Uganda">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Uganda-related_articles" title="Index of Uganda-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Uganda" title="Category:Uganda">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Uganda" title="Portal:Uganda">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Saints_of_the_Catholic_Church1045" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catholic_saints" title="Template:Catholic saints"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catholic_saints" title="Template talk:Catholic saints"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic_saints" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catholic saints"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Saints_of_the_Catholic_Church1045" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Saints of the Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Dicastery for the Causes of Saints</a><br />Stages of <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonization</a>: <a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God#Catholic_Church" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/The_Venerable#Christianity" title="The Venerable">Venerable</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">Blessed</a>   →   <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Virgin Mary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God (Theotokos)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titles_of_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Titles of Mary">Titles of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph (husband)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_the_Apostle" title="Bartholomew the Apostle">Bartholomew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_son_of_Alphaeus" title="James, son of Alphaeus">James of Alphaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude_the_Apostle" title="Jude the Apostle">Jude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_the_Apostle" title="Matthias the Apostle">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Zealot" title="Simon the Zealot">Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a>  <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Saint Michael in the Catholic Church">in the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Kiev" title="Anthony of Kiev">Anthony of Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariton_the_Confessor" title="Chariton the Confessor">Chariton the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Dominic" title="Saint Dominic">Dominic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Borgia" title="Francis Borgia">Francis Borgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Homobonus" title="Saint Homobonus">Homobonus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Zographos" title="Lazarus Zographos">Lazarus Zographos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bertrand_(saint)" title="Louis Bertrand (saint)">Louis Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_of_Synnada" title="Michael of Synnada">Michael of Synnada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paphnutius_of_Thebes" title="Paphnutius of Thebes">Paphnutius the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Constantinople" title="Paul I of Constantinople">Paul I of Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Claver" title="Peter Claver">Peter Claver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salonius" title="Salonius">Salonius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_of_Radonezh" title="Sergius of Radonezh">Sergius of Radonezh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophanes_the_Confessor" title="Theophanes the Confessor">Theophanes the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padre_Pio" title="Padre Pio">Pio of Pietrelcina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary of Bethany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla and Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silvanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctors of the Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede" title="Bede">Bede the Venerable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chrysologus" title="Peter Chrysologus">Peter Chrysologus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Leo the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Damian" title="Peter Damian">Peter Damian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux">Bernard of Clairvaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsus_Liguori" title="Alphonsus Liguori">Alphonsus Liguori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Sales" title="Francis de Sales">Francis de Sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Canisius" title="Peter Canisius">Peter Canisius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_the_Cross" title="John of the Cross">John of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Robert Bellarmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albertus Magnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Padua" title="Anthony of Padua">Anthony of Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Brindisi" title="Lawrence of Brindisi">Lawrence of Brindisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Teresa of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine of Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_of_Lisieux" title="Thérèse of Lisieux">Thérèse of Lisieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_%C3%81vila" title="John of Ávila">John of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen" title="Hildegard of Bingen">Hildegard of Bingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church<br />Fathers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Alexander I of Alexandria">Alexander of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Jerusalem" title="Alexander of Jerusalem">Alexander of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose of Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolius_of_Laodicea" title="Anatolius of Laodicea">Anatolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarius_of_Arles" title="Caesarius of Arles">Caesarius of Arles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caius_(presbyter)" title="Caius (presbyter)">Caius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappadocian_Fathers" title="Cappadocian Fathers">Cappadocian Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian of Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Damasus_I" title="Pope Damasus I">Damasus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Fathers" title="Desert Fathers">Desert Fathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_Mothers" title="Desert Mothers">Desert Mothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius_of_Alexandria" title="Pope Dionysius of Alexandria">Dionysius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_of_Corinth" title="Dionysius of Corinth">Dionysius of Corinth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius" title="Pope Dionysius">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphanius_of_Salamis" title="Epiphanius of Salamis">Epiphanius of Salamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgentius_of_Ruspe" title="Fulgentius of Ruspe">Fulgentius of Ruspe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Rome" title="Hippolytus of Rome">Hippolytus of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus of Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome of Stridonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melito_of_Sardis" title="Melito of Sardis">Melito of Sardis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadratus_of_Athens" title="Quadratus of Athens">Quadratus of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papias_of_Hierapolis" title="Papias of Hierapolis">Papias of Hierapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chrysologus" title="Peter Chrysologus">Peter Chrysologus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp of Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_of_Antioch" title="Theophilus of Antioch">Theophilus of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorinus_of_Pettau" title="Victorinus of Pettau">Victorinus of Pettau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_of_L%C3%A9rins" title="Vincent of Lérins">Vincent of Lérins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zephyrinus" title="Pope Zephyrinus">Zephyrinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">Martyrs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abda_and_Abdisho" title="Abda and Abdisho">Abda and Abdisho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_and_Gleb" title="Boris and Gleb">Boris and Gleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Foucauld" title="Charles de Foucauld">Charles de Foucauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Martyrs" title="Canadian Martyrs">Canadian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Martyrs" title="Carthusian Martyrs">Carthusian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_Martyrs_of_Tlaxcala" title="Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala">Child Martyrs of Tlaxcala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christina_of_Persia" title="Christina of Persia">Christina of Persia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominguito_del_Val" title="Dominguito del Val">Dominguito del Val</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devasahayam_Pillai" title="Devasahayam Pillai">Devasahayam Pillai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitent_thief" title="Penitent thief">Dismas the Good Thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Martyrs_of_England_and_Wales" title="Forty Martyrs of England and Wales">Forty Martyrs of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Crowned_Martyrs" title="Four Crowned Martyrs">Four Crowned Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_of_Csan%C3%A1d" title="Gerard of Csanád">Gerard of Csanád</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_martyr" title="Great martyr">Great Martyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">The Holy Innocents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholic_Martyrs" title="Irish Catholic Martyrs">Irish Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fisher" title="John Fisher">John Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Martyrs" title="Korean Martyrs">Korean Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Ruiz" title="Lorenzo Ruiz">Lorenzo Ruiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck_martyrs" title="Lübeck martyrs">Martyrs of Lübeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Versiglia" title="Luigi Versiglia">Luigi Versiglia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrology" title="Martyrology">Martyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Albania" title="Martyrs of Albania">Martyrs of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19_martyrs_of_Algeria" title="19 martyrs of Algeria">Martyrs of Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Cajonos" title="Martyrs of Cajonos">Martyrs of Cajonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Compi%C3%A8gne" title="Martyrs of Compiègne">Martyrs of Compiègne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_Martyrs_of_Drina" title="Blessed Martyrs of Drina">Martyrs of Drina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr_Saints_of_China" title="Martyr Saints of China">Martyrs of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Gorkum" title="Martyrs of Gorkum">Martyrs of Gorkum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Japan" title="Martyrs of Japan">Martyrs of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_kidnapping_and_beheading_of_Copts_in_Libya" title="2015 kidnapping and beheading of Copts in Libya">21 Martyrs of Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_La_Rioja" title="Martyrs of La Rioja">Martyrs of La Rioja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Damascus" title="Martyrs of Damascus">Martyrs of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Laos" title="Martyrs of Laos">Martyrs of Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Natal" title="Martyrs of Natal">Martyrs of Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Otranto" title="Martyrs of Otranto">Martyrs of Otranto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Prague" title="Martyrs of Prague">Martyrs of Prague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadok_and_48_Dominican_martyrs_from_Sandomierz" title="Sadok and 48 Dominican martyrs from Sandomierz">Martyrs of Sandomierz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_the_Spanish_Civil_War" title="Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War">Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrs_of_Zenta" title="Martyrs of Zenta">Martyrs of Zenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Kolbe" title="Maximilian Kolbe">Maximilian Kolbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Romero" title="Óscar Romero">Óscar Romero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Calungsod" title="Pedro Calungsod">Pedro Calungsod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetua_and_Felicity" title="Perpetua and Felicity">Perpetua and Felicity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chanel" title="Peter Chanel">Peter Chanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parenzo" title="Pietro Parenzo">Pietro Parenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomena" title="Philomena">Philomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints_of_the_Cristero_War" title="Saints of the Cristero War">Saints of the Cristero War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Teresa Benedicta of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus_Brandsma" title="Titus Brandsma">Titus Brandsma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomasian_Martyrs" title="Thomasian Martyrs">17 Thomasian Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Thomas Becket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Martyrs_of_Chimbote" title="Three Martyrs of Chimbote">Three Martyrs of Chimbote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulma_family" title="Ulma family">Ulma Family</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Uganda Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Martyrs" title="Vietnamese Martyrs">Vietnamese Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Valentine" title="Saint Valentine">Valentine of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_and_Corona" title="Victor and Corona">Victor and Corona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanitas_and_Lazarus_of_Persia" title="Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia">Zanitas and Lazarus of Persia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_missions" title="Catholic missions">Missionaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Boniface" title="Saint Boniface">Boniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Damien" title="Father Damien">Damien of Molokai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evermode_of_Ratzeburg" title="Evermode of Ratzeburg">Evermode of Ratzeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Xavier" title="Francis Xavier">Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Laval" title="François de Laval">François de Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_the_Illuminator" title="Gregory the Illuminator">Gregory the Illuminator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jun%C3%ADpero_Serra" title="Junípero Serra">Junípero Serra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nino" title="Saint Nino">Nino of Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick" title="Saint Patrick">Patrick of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Remigius" title="Saint Remigius">Remigius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel" title="Cain and Abel">Abel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_(Genesis)" title="Joseph (Genesis)">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph (father of Jesus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Matriarchs_(Bible)" class="mw-redirect" title="Matriarchs (Bible)">Matriarchs</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Popes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adeodatus_I" title="Pope Adeodatus I">Adeodatus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adeodatus_II" title="Pope Adeodatus II">Adeodatus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Adrian_III" title="Pope Adrian III">Adrian III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agapetus_I" title="Pope Agapetus I">Agapetus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Agatho" title="Pope Agatho">Agatho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Alexander_I" title="Pope Alexander I">Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anacletus" title="Pope Anacletus">Anacletus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anastasius_I" title="Pope Anastasius I">Anastasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anicetus" title="Pope Anicetus">Anicetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Anterus" title="Pope Anterus">Anterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_II" title="Pope Benedict II">Benedict II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_I" title="Pope Boniface I">Boniface I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_IV" title="Pope Boniface IV">Boniface IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Caius" title="Pope Caius">Caius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Callixtus_I" title="Pope Callixtus I">Callixtus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_I" title="Pope Celestine I">Celestine I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Celestine_V" title="Pope Celestine V">Celestine V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Cornelius" title="Pope Cornelius">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Damasus_I" title="Pope Damasus I">Damasus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Dionysius" title="Pope Dionysius">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eleutherius" title="Pope Eleutherius">Eleuterus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eugene_I" title="Pope Eugene I">Eugene I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eusebius" title="Pope Eusebius">Eusebius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Eutychian" title="Pope Eutychian">Eutychian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Evaristus" title="Pope Evaristus">Evaristus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Fabian" title="Pope Fabian">Fabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_I" title="Pope Felix I">Felix I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_III" title="Pope Felix III">Felix III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Felix_IV" title="Pope Felix IV">Felix IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gelasius_I" title="Pope Gelasius I">Gelasius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_II" title="Pope Gregory II">Gregory II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_III" title="Pope Gregory III">Gregory III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_VII" title="Pope Gregory VII">Gregory VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hilarius" title="Pope Hilarius">Hilarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hormisdas" title="Pope Hormisdas">Hormisdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Hyginus" title="Pope Hyginus">Hyginus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_I" title="Pope Innocent I">Innocent I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_I" title="Pope John I">John I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">John XXIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Julius_I" title="Pope Julius I">Julius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Leo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_II" title="Pope Leo II">Leo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_III" title="Pope Leo III">Leo III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_IV" title="Pope Leo IV">Leo IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_IX" title="Pope Leo IX">Leo IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Linus" title="Pope Linus">Linus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Lucius_I" title="Pope Lucius I">Lucius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Marcellinus" title="Pope Marcellinus">Marcellinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Marcellus_I" title="Pope Marcellus I">Marcellus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Mark" title="Pope Mark">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Martin_I" title="Pope Martin I">Martin I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Miltiades" title="Pope Miltiades">Miltiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_I" title="Pope Nicholas I">Nicholas I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paschal_I" title="Pope Paschal I">Paschal I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_I" title="Pope Paul I">Paul I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_I" title="Pope Pius I">Pius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_V" title="Pope Pius V">Pius V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_X" title="Pope Pius X">Pius X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pontian" title="Pope Pontian">Pontian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sergius_I" title="Pope Sergius I">Sergius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Silverius" title="Pope Silverius">Silverius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Simplicius" title="Pope Simplicius">Simplicius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Siricius" title="Pope Siricius">Siricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_I" title="Pope Sixtus I">Sixtus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_II" title="Pope Sixtus II">Sixtus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sixtus_III" title="Pope Sixtus III">Sixtus III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Soter" title="Pope Soter">Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_I" title="Pope Stephen I">Stephen I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Stephen_IV" title="Pope Stephen IV">Stephen IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Sylvester_I" title="Pope Sylvester I">Sylvester I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Symmachus" title="Pope Symmachus">Symmachus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Telesphorus" title="Pope Telesphorus">Telesphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Urban_I" title="Pope Urban I">Urban I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Victor_I" title="Pope Victor I">Victor I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Vitalian" title="Pope Vitalian">Vitalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zachary" title="Pope Zachary">Zachary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zephyrinus" title="Pope Zephyrinus">Zephyrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Zosimus" title="Pope Zosimus">Zosimus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agabus" title="Agabus">Agabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_(prophet)" title="Amos (prophet)">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_the_Prophetess" title="Anna the Prophetess">Anna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_ben_Neriah" title="Baruch ben Neriah">Baruch ben Neriah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel" title="Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habakkuk" title="Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haggai" title="Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosea" title="Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah" title="Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_(prophet)" title="Joel (prophet)">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Barsabbas" title="Judas Barsabbas">Judas Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malachi" title="Malachi">Malachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchizedek" title="Melchizedek">Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micah_(prophet)" title="Micah (prophet)">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum" title="Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah" title="Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_with_seven_sons" title="Woman with seven sons">Seven Maccabees and their mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_(Gospel_of_Luke)" title="Simeon (Gospel of Luke)">Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(Hebrew_prophet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zechariah (Hebrew prophet)">Zechariah (prophet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah (NT)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Virgin_(title)" title="Virgin (title)">Virgins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agatha_of_Sicily" title="Agatha of Sicily">Agatha of Sicily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_of_Rome" title="Agnes of Rome">Agnes of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_of_the_Cross" title="Angela of the Cross">Angela of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelthryth" title="Æthelthryth">Æthelthryth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Soubirous" title="Bernadette Soubirous">Bernadette Soubirous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Bologna" title="Catherine of Bologna">Catherine of Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigid_of_Kildare" title="Brigid of Kildare">Brigid of Kildare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Labour%C3%A9" title="Catherine Labouré">Catherine Labouré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine of Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Cecilia" title="Saint Cecilia">Cecilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_of_Assisi" title="Clare of Assisi">Clare of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulalia_of_M%C3%A9rida" title="Eulalia of Mérida">Eulalia of Mérida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphemia" title="Euphemia">Euphemia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faustina_Kowalska" title="Faustina Kowalska">Faustina Kowalska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faustina_and_Liberata_of_Como" title="Faustina and Liberata of Como">Faustina and Liberata of Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve" title="Genevieve">Genevieve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiltrude_of_Liessies" title="Hiltrude of Liessies">Hiltrude of Liessies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc" title="Joan of Arc">Joan of Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateri_Tekakwitha" title="Kateri Tekakwitha">Kateri Tekakwitha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucy" title="Saint Lucy">Lucy of Syracuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Goretti" title="Maria Goretti">Maria Goretti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Maravillas_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="María de las Maravillas de Jesús">María de las Maravillas de Jesús</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcisa_de_Jes%C3%BAs" title="Narcisa de Jesús">Narcisa de Jesús</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_of_Naples" title="Patricia of Naples">Patricia of Naples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Rosalia" title="Saint Rosalia">Rosalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_Lima" title="Rose of Lima">Rose of Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_the_Andes" title="Teresa of the Andes">Teresa of the Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Teresa" title="Mother Teresa">Teresa of Calcutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trasilla_and_Emiliana" title="Trasilla and Emiliana">Trasilla and Emiliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaldesca_Taccini" title="Ubaldesca Taccini">Ubaldesca Taccini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephine_Bakhita" title="Josephine Bakhita">Josephine Bakhita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: gold;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Holy_Marshals" title="Four Holy Marshals">Four Holy Marshals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Holy_Helpers" title="Fourteen Holy Helpers">Fourteen Holy Helpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyr_of_charity" title="Martyr of charity">Martyr of charity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_saint" title="Military saint">Military saints</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athleta_Christi" title="Athleta Christi">Athleta Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Christianus" title="Miles Christianus">Miles Christianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Church Militant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Champions_of_Christendom" title="Seven Champions of Christendom">Seven Champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_venerated_couples" title="List of venerated couples">Venerated couples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtuous_pagan" title="Virtuous pagan">Virtuous pagan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/16px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/24px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Gloriole_blur.svg/32px-Gloriole_blur.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Saints" title="Portal:Saints">Saints portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox444" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1094107#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX635040">Spain</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&oldid=1277743327">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&oldid=1277743327</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1860s_births" title="Category:1860s births">1860s births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880s_deaths" title="Category:1880s deaths">1880s deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1918_deaths" title="Category:1918 deaths">1918 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:European_colonisation_of_Africa" title="Category:European colonisation of Africa">European colonisation of Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_Christian_martyrs" title="Category:19th-century Christian martyrs">19th-century Christian martyrs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_Christian_saints" title="Category:19th-century Christian saints">19th-century Christian saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_Roman_Catholic_martyrs" title="Category:19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs">19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Roman_Catholic_child_saints" title="Category:Roman Catholic child saints">Roman Catholic child saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Converts_to_Roman_Catholicism_from_pagan_religions" title="Category:Converts to Roman Catholicism from pagan religions">Converts to Roman Catholicism from pagan religions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Executed_children" title="Category:Executed children">Executed children</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Executed_Ugandan_people" title="Category:Executed Ugandan people">Executed Ugandan people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1885_crimes_in_Africa" title="Category:1885 crimes in Africa">1885 crimes in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1885_murders" title="Category:1885 murders">1885 murders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1886_crimes_in_Africa" title="Category:1886 crimes in Africa">1886 crimes in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1886_murders" title="Category:1886 murders">1886 murders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1887_crimes_in_Africa" title="Category:1887 crimes in Africa">1887 crimes in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1887_murders" title="Category:1887 murders">1887 murders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Buganda" title="Category:Buganda">Buganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:LGBTQ_and_Christianity" title="Category:LGBTQ and Christianity">LGBTQ and Christianity</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Martyred_groups" title="Category:Martyred groups">Martyred groups</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_celebrated_in_the_Lutheran_liturgical_calendar" title="Category:People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar">People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_Christian_martyrs" title="Category:Lists of Christian martyrs">Lists of Christian martyrs</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_executed_by_Buganda" title="Category:People executed by Buganda">People executed by Buganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Groups_of_Roman_Catholic_saints" title="Category:Groups of Roman Catholic saints">Groups of Roman Catholic saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ugandan_Roman_Catholic_saints" title="Category:Ugandan Roman Catholic saints">Ugandan Roman Catholic saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Groups_of_Anglican_saints" title="Category:Groups of Anglican saints">Groups of Anglican saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_executions_by_Uganda" title="Category:19th-century executions by Uganda">19th-century executions by Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lists_of_saints" title="Category:Lists of saints">Lists of saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Violence_against_men_in_Africa" title="Category:Violence against men in Africa">Violence against men in Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anglican_saints" title="Category:Anglican saints">Anglican saints</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Uganda" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Uganda">Tourist attractions in Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880s_in_Uganda" title="Category:1880s in Uganda">1880s in Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_murders_in_Africa" title="Category:19th-century murders in Africa">19th-century murders in Africa</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Latin-language_sources_(la)" title="Category:CS1 Latin-language sources (la)">CS1 Latin-language sources (la)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2021">Use dmy dates from April 2021</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 February 2025, at 13:13<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uganda_Martyrs&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Uganda Martyrs</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>13 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.next-5c7c7f5c84-f2rrm","wgBackendResponseTime":168,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.678","walltime":"0.955","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5542,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":131493,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10624,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":26,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":146168,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 753.926 1 -total"," 33.82% 255.005 1 Template:Reflist"," 20.96% 158.035 1 Template:Uganda_topics"," 20.31% 153.141 1 Template:Country_topics"," 11.95% 90.131 1 Template:Short_description"," 10.50% 79.184 1 Template:Cite_news"," 10.05% 75.797 1 Template:Authority_control"," 8.63% 65.078 2 Template:Infobox_martyrs"," 7.98% 60.129 2 Template:Infobox"," 7.91% 59.647 2 Template:Pagetype"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.328","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6302162,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-c4cdbd856-r6l4t","timestamp":"20250226131325","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Uganda Martyrs","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uganda_Martyrs","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1094107","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q1094107","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-11-15T16:07:52Z","dateModified":"2025-02-26T13:13:24Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f0\/Karoli_Lwanga_and_his_followers.jpg","headline":"group of humans"}</script> </body> </html>