Jaipur | History, Map, Population, & Facts

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<h1>Jaipur</h1></div> </div> <div class="topic-identifier font-16 font-md-20">India</div> </div> </div> <div class="d-none d-sm-flex flex-row"> <div class="mr-10 mb-15"> <button class="ai-ask-button btn border-2 btn-sm js-inline-ai-ask-button btn-outline-red-400 border-red-400"> Ask the Chatbot a Question </button> </div> <div class="d-none d-sm-block md-topic-tools qa-action-buttons mb-15" data-topic-id="299540"> <button class="js-tooltip btn btn-sm btn-outline-blue border pr-10 border-2" > <em class="material-icons md-icon ml-n10 my-n5 mr-5" data-icon="more_vert"></em> More Actions </button> <div class="md-more-popover popover popover-sm p-0 font-14 z-1"> <div> <a class="js-modal btn btn-sm btn-link gtm-topic-tool font-weight-bold btn-link" href="/print/article/299540" target="_blank" > <em class="material-icons mr-5 ml-n10 my-n5 md-icon" data-icon="print"></em> Print </a> </div> <div> <button class="js-modal qa-cite-modal-button btn btn-sm btn-link gtm-topic-tool font-weight-bold 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It is situated in the east-central part of the state, roughly equidistant from <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Alwar" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Alwar</a> (northeast) and <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Ajmer" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Ajmer</a> (southwest). It is Rajasthan’s most-populous city.</p><span class="marker MOD1 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD2 mod-inline"></span><div class="assemblies"><div class="w-100"><figure class="md-assembly m-0 mb-md-0 card card-borderless print-false" data-assembly-id="96421" data-asm-type="image"><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/74132-050-2317CEFC/Hawa-Mahal-Jaipur-Rajasthan-India.jpg" class="gtm-assembly-link position-relative d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center media-overlay-link card-media" data-href="/media/1/299540/96421"><picture><source media="(min-width: 680px)" srcset="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/74132-050-2317CEFC/Hawa-Mahal-Jaipur-Rajasthan-India.jpg?w=300"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/74132-050-2317CEFC/Hawa-Mahal-Jaipur-Rajasthan-India.jpg?w=300" alt="Hawa Mahal" data-width="1133" data-height="1600" loading="eager"></picture><button class="magnifying-glass btn btn-circle position-absolute shadow btn-white top-10 right-10" aria-label="Zoom in"><em class="material-icons link-blue" data-icon="zoom_in"></em></button></a></div><figcaption class="card-body"><div class="md-assembly-caption text-muted font-14 font-serif line-clamp"><span><a class="gtm-assembly-link md-assembly-title font-weight-bold d-inline font-sans-serif mr-5 media-overlay-link" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/32/74132-050-2317CEFC/Hawa-Mahal-Jaipur-Rajasthan-India.jpg" data-href="/media/1/299540/96421">Hawa Mahal</a><span>Hawa Mahal (Hall of Winds), Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.</span><button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-white js-content" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"><span class="link-blue">(more)</span></button></span></div></figcaption></figure></div></div><p class="topic-paragraph">A walled town surrounded (except to the south) by hills, the city was founded in 1727 by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh to replace nearby Amber (now <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Amer-India" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Amer</a>, a part of Jaipur) as the capital of the princely state of Jaipur (founded by the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Rajput" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Rajput</a>s in the 12th century <span class="text-smallcaps">ce</span>). Jaipur grew dramatically in size in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, doubling its population between 1991 and 2011. It has a mixed Hindu-Muslim population. The city was the site of numerous bombing attacks in the early 21st century, with mosques and Hindu temples being targets.</p><span class="marker MOD2 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD3 mod-inline"></span><div class="assemblies"><div class="w-100"><figure class="md-assembly m-0 mb-md-0 card card-borderless print-false" data-assembly-id="199579" data-asm-type="image"><div class="md-assembly-wrapper card-media " data-type="image"><a href="https://cdn.britannica.com/49/152849-050-3B942972/Street-scene-Jaipur-some-city-Rajasthan-buildings.jpg" class="gtm-assembly-link position-relative d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center media-overlay-link card-media" data-href="/media/1/299540/199579"><picture><source media="(min-width: 680px)" srcset="https://cdn.britannica.com/49/152849-050-3B942972/Street-scene-Jaipur-some-city-Rajasthan-buildings.jpg?w=300"><img src="https://cdn.britannica.com/49/152849-050-3B942972/Street-scene-Jaipur-some-city-Rajasthan-buildings.jpg?w=300" alt="Jaipur, India" data-width="1600" data-height="1067" loading="eager"></picture><button class="magnifying-glass btn btn-circle position-absolute shadow btn-white top-10 right-10" aria-label="Zoom in"><em class="material-icons link-blue" data-icon="zoom_in"></em></button></a></div><figcaption class="card-body"><div class="md-assembly-caption text-muted font-14 font-serif line-clamp"><span><a class="gtm-assembly-link md-assembly-title font-weight-bold d-inline font-sans-serif mr-5 media-overlay-link" href="https://cdn.britannica.com/49/152849-050-3B942972/Street-scene-Jaipur-some-city-Rajasthan-buildings.jpg" data-href="/media/1/299540/199579">Jaipur, India</a><span>Street scene in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, with some of the city's historic rose-coloured buildings in the background.</span><button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-white js-content" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"><span class="link-blue">(more)</span></button></span></div></figcaption></figure></div></div><p class="topic-paragraph">Jaipur is a popular tourist destination and a commercial trade centre with major road, rail, and air connections. Industries include engineering and metalworking, hand-loom <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="weaving" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/weaving" data-type="EB">weaving</a>, distilling, and the manufacture of glass, hosiery, carpets, blankets, shoes, and drugs. Jaipur’s famous arts and crafts include the making of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/jewelry" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">jewelry</a>, enamel, metalwork, and printed cloths, as well as stone, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/marble-rock" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">marble</a>, and <a href="https://www.britannica.com/art/ivory-carving" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">ivory carving</a>.</p><a class="link-module shadow-sm d-block qa-quiz-module" href="/quiz/discover-india" data-link-module-iframe-link=""> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/47/171647-131-CA004768/Jaswant-Thada-Singh-II-memorial-Rajasthan-India.jpg" alt="Jodhpur. Rajasthan. Jaswant Thada an architectural landmark in Jodhpur, India. A white marble memorial, built in 1899, by Sardar Singh in memory of Maharaja Jaswant Singh II. Indian architecture" class="rounded-sm mr-15" width="70" /> <div class="line-clamp clamp-5"> <div class="module-title bg-green">Britannica Quiz</div> <div class="font-weight-semi-bold mt-5">Discover India</div> </div> </a><span class="marker MOD3 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD4 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">The city is known for its beauty, and it is unique in its straight-line planning. Its buildings are predominantly rose-coloured, and it is sometimes called the “pink city.” The chief buildings are the City Palace, part of which is home to the royal family of Jaipur; Jantar Mantar, an 18th-century open-air observatory that was designated a UNESCO <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/World-Heritage-site" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">World Heritage site</a> in 2010; <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Hawa-Mahal" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Hawa Mahal</a> (Hall of Winds); Ram Bagh palace; and Nahargarh, the Tiger Fort. Other public buildings include a museum and a library. Jaipur is the seat of the University of Rajasthan, founded in 1947.</p><div class="one-good-fact-module"> </div><span class="marker MOD4 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD5 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">The city is surrounded by fertile alluvial plains to the east and south and hill chains and desert areas to the north and west. <em>Bajra</em> (pearl millet), barley, gram (chickpeas), pulses, and cotton are the chief crops grown in the region. Iron ore, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/beryllium" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">beryllium</a>, mica, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/feldspar" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">feldspar</a>, marble, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/science/copper" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">copper</a>, and garnet deposits are worked. In addition to Amer, other nearby attractions include <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Sariska-National-Park" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Sariska National Park</a> to the northeast. Pop. (2001) 2,322,575; (2011) 3,046,163.</p><span class="marker MOD5 mod-inline"></span></section> <span class="md-signature"><a href="/editor/The-Editors-of-Encyclopaedia-Britannica/4419">The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica</a></span> <span class="md-signature">This article was most recently revised and updated by <a href="/editor/Adam-Augustyn/6394">Adam Augustyn</a>.</span><span class="marker end-of-content"></span><span class="marker after-article"></span></div> <div id="chatbot-root"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ai-dialog-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"Topic","templateName":"DESKTOP","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":1,"pageId":299540,"pageLength":355,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.130.14"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/dist/topic-page.js?v=3.130.14' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"B","adLeg":"B","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"Topic","pageSubtype":null,"articleTemplateType":"MEDIUM","gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":false} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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Jaipur | History, Map, Population, & Facts | Britannica