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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Greek: 4027. περικάθαρμα (perikatharma) -- Filth, refuse, scum</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/greek/4027.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-LR4HSKRP2H"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-LR4HSKRP2H'); </script><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/matthew/6-24.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/greek/4027.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Greek</a> > 4027</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../greek/4026.htm" title="4026">◄</a> 4027. perikatharma <a href="../greek/4028.htm" title="4028">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">perikatharma: Filth, refuse, scum</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="greek">περικάθαρμα</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Noun, Neuter<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>perikatharma<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>pe-ree-KA-thar-ma<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(per-ee-kath'-ar-mah)<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>Filth, refuse, scum<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>refuse, offscouring, filth.<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>From the Greek words "peri" (around, about) and "kathairo" (to cleanse, purify)<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span>While there is no direct Hebrew equivalent for "perikatharma," the concept of being despised or rejected can be related to Hebrew terms such as "נִדָּה" (nidah, meaning impurity or uncleanness) and "זָרָה" (zarah, meaning to scatter or disperse).<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The term "perikatharma" is used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe something or someone considered as the lowest or most despised. It conveys the idea of being treated as refuse or the offscouring of society. In a biblical context, it reflects the humility and suffering endured by the apostles and early Christians, who were often regarded as the dregs of society for their faith.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In ancient Greek culture, "perikatharma" was used in a ritualistic context to refer to a person or thing that was sacrificed or used as a scapegoat to cleanse or purify a community. This concept was rooted in the idea of transferring the community's impurities onto the scapegoat, which was then cast out or destroyed. In the New Testament, this term is used to illustrate the apostles' willingness to endure disgrace and rejection for the sake of the Gospel.<div class="vheading2">HELPS Word-studies</div><p class="discovery"><b>4027</b> <i>perikátharma</i> – properly, off-scouring (refuse); "left-overs," rejected after a thorough cleansing; (figuratively) an <i>outcast</i>, viewed as scummy residue (used only in 1 Cor 4:13).</p><p class="discovery"><a href="/greek/4027.htm">4027</a> <i>/perikátharma</i> ("rubbish") describes someone as "the filth of the world, representing 'the most abject and despicable men' (Grimm-Thayer) – the scum or rubbish of humanity" (Vine, Unger, White, <i>NT</i>, 237).</p><p class="discovery">[<a href="/greek/4027.htm">4027</a> (<i>perikátharma</i>) literally refers to the rubbish left-over after "cleansing all <i>around</i>." The Greeks used <a href="/greek/4027.htm">4027</a> (<i>perikátharma</i>) "of criminals kept at the public expense, to be thrown into the sea, or otherwise killed, at the outbreak of a pestilence, etc. It is used in 1 Cor 4:13 much in this sense" (<i>ibid</i>).]</p><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/discovery.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>from a comp. of <a href="/greek/4012.htm">peri</a> and <a href="/greek/2508.htm">kathairó</a><br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>that which is cleaned off, refuse<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>scum (1).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Thayer's Greek Lexicon</div><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 4027: περικάθαρμα</span><br><br><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">περικάθαρμα</span></span>, <span class="greek2">περικαθαρματος</span>, <span class="greek2">τό</span> (<span class="greek2">περικαθαίρω</span>, to cleanse on all sides (<span class="greek2">περί</span>, III. 1)), <span class="accented">off-scouring, refuse</span>: plural, <span class="greek2">τά</span> <span class="greek2">περικαθάρματα</span> <span class="greek2">τοῦ</span> <span class="greek2">κόσμου</span> (<span class="abbreviation">A. V.</span>, <span class="accented">the filth of the world</span>), metaphorically, <span class="accented">the most abject and despicable men,</span> <a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4-13.htm">1 Corinthians 4:13</a>. (<span class="abbreviation">Epictetus</span> diss. 3, 22, 78;<span class="latin">purgamenta urbis</span>, Curt. 8, 5, 8; 10, 2, 7; (see <span class="abbreviation">Wetstein</span> on 1 Corinthians, the passage cited); the <span class="manuref">Sept.</span> once for <span class="hebrew">כֹּפֶר</span>, the price of expiation or redemption, <a href="/interlinear/proverbs/21-18.htm">Proverbs 21:18</a>, because the Greeks used to apply the term <span class="greek2">καθαρματα</span> to victims sacrificed to make expiation for the people, and even to criminals who were maintained at the public expense, that on the outbreak of a pestilence or other calamity they might be offered as sacrifices to make expiation for the state.)<FOOTNOTE:1> <p><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 4027a: περικαθίζω</span><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">περικαθίζω</span></span>: 1 aorist participle <span class="greek2">περικαθισας</span>; <p><span class="textheading">1.</span> in classical Greek transitive, <span class="accented">to bid or make to sit around, to invest, besiege,</span> a city, a fortress. <p><span class="textheading">2.</span> intransitive, <span class="accented">to sit around, be seated around </span>; so in <a href="/interlinear/luke/22-55.htm">Luke 22:55</a> Lachmann text<FOOTNOTE:1> <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>filth. <p>From a compound of <a href="/greek/4012.htm">peri</a> and <a href="/greek/2508.htm">kathairo</a>; something cleaned off all around, i.e. Refuse (figuratively) -- filth. <p>see GREEK <a href="/greek/4012.htm">peri</a> <p>see GREEK <a href="/greek/2508.htm">kathairo</a> <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>περιεκάθηντο περιεκάθητο περιεκάθισαν περιεκάθισε περιεκάθισεν περικάθαρμα περικαθαρματα περικαθάρματα περικαθιείς περικάθισαν περικαθίσης perikatharmata perikathármata<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/1_corinthians/4-13.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Corinthians 4:13</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Noun - Nominative Neuter Plural">N-NNP</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">παρακαλοῦμεν ὡς <b>περικαθάρματα</b> τοῦ κόσμου</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> we have become <span class="itali">as the scum</span> of the world,<br><a href="/kjvs/1_corinthians/4.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> as <span class="itali">the filth</span> of the world,<br><a href="/interlinear/1_corinthians/4-13.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> we entreat as [the] <span class="itali">refuse</span> of the world<p><b><a href="/greek/4027.htm">Strong's Greek 4027</a><br><a href="/greek/strongs_4027.htm">1 Occurrence</a></b><br><br><a href="/greek/perikatharmata_4027.htm">περικαθάρματα — 1 Occ.</a><br><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; 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