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from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Al-Shughur&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Al-Shughur">Siege of Al-Shughur</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ayyubid siege in Syria, 12th century</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Siege of al-Shughur</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of The <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>5–9 August 1188</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Shughr-Bakas near <a href="/wiki/Jisr_al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Jisr al-Shughur">Jisr al-Shughur</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Ayyubid victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayyubid Sultanate">Ayyubid Sultanate</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/23px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/35px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/46px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Antioch" title="Principality of Antioch">Principality of Antioch</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ayyubid_Dynasty.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/23px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/35px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png/46px-Banner_of_the_Principality_of_Antioch.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bohemond_III_of_Antioch" title="Bohemond III of Antioch">Bohemond III of Antioch</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a>: battles in the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> (1096–1303)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First Crusade</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Xerigordos" title="Siege of Xerigordos">Xerigordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Civetot" title="Battle of Civetot">Civetot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nicaea" title="Siege of Nicaea">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dorylaeum_(1097)" title="Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)">1st Dorylaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Antioch" title="Siege of Antioch">1st Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Samosata" title="Expedition to Samosata">Samosata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antioch_(1098)" title="Battle of Antioch (1098)">2nd Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ma%27arra" title="Siege of Ma'arra">Ma'arra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_from_Antioch_to_Jerusalem_during_the_First_Crusade" title="March from Antioch to Jerusalem during the First Crusade">Arqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1099)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1099)">1st Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ascalon" title="Battle of Ascalon">1st Ascalon</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-First Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_siege_of_Arsuf" title="First siege of Arsuf">Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Melitene" title="Battle of Melitene">Melitene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mersivan" title="Battle of Mersivan">Mersivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_1101#The_Nivernois" title="Crusade of 1101">1st Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_1101#The_French_and_Bavarians" title="Crusade of 1101">2nd Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1101)" title="Battle of Ramla (1101)">1st Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1102)" title="Battle of Ramla (1102)">2nd Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli" title="Siege of Tripoli">1st Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1103)" title="Siege of Acre (1103)">1st Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1104)" title="Siege of Acre (1104)">2nd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harran" title="Battle of Harran">Harran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1105)" title="Battle of Ramla (1105)">3rd Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artah" title="Battle of Artah">Artah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Beirut_(1110)" title="Siege of Beirut (1110)">Beirut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sidon" title="Siege of Sidon">Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1111%E2%80%931112)" title="Siege of Tyre (1111–1112)">1st Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaizar" title="Battle of Shaizar">1st Shaizar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Sannabra" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Sannabra">Al-Sannabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarmin" title="Battle of Sarmin">Sarmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ager_Sanguinis" title="Battle of Ager Sanguinis">Ager Sanguinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hab" title="Battle of Hab">Hab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Crusade" title="Venetian Crusade">Jaffa and 2nd Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yibneh" title="Battle of Yibneh">Yibneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Aleppo_(1124)" title="Siege of Aleppo (1124)">1st Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(1125)" title="Battle of Azaz (1125)">Azaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_al-Saffar_(1126)" title="Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126)">Marj al-Saffar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Atharib_(1130)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Atharib (1130)">al-Atharib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rafaniyya" title="Battle of Rafaniyya">Rafaniyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zengid_campaign_against_Antioch" title="Zengid campaign against Antioch">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qinnasrin" title="Battle of Qinnasrin">Qinnasrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ba%27rin" title="Battle of Ba'rin">Ba'rin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Aleppo_(1138)" title="Siege of Aleppo (1138)">2nd Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Shaizar" title="Siege of Shaizar">2nd Shaizar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Edessa_(1144)" title="Siege of Edessa (1144)">Edessa 1144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Edessa_(1146)" title="Siege of Edessa (1146)">Edessa 1146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(1147)" title="Battle of Bosra (1147)">Bosra</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Crusade" title="Second Crusade">Second Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Constantinople_(1147)" title="Battle of Constantinople (1147)">1st Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dorylaeum_(1147)" title="Battle of Dorylaeum (1147)">2nd Dorylaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ephesus_(1147)" title="Battle of Ephesus (1147)">Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Meander" title="Battle of the Meander">Meander Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Cadmus" title="Battle of Mount Cadmus">Mount Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damascus_(1148)" title="Siege of Damascus (1148)">Damascus</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-Second Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inab" title="Battle of Inab">Inab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aintab" title="Battle of Aintab">Aintab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon" title="Siege of Ascalon">2nd Ascalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Huleh_(1157)" title="Battle of Lake Huleh (1157)">Lake Huleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Butaiha" title="Battle of Butaiha">Butaiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Buqaia" title="Battle of al-Buqaia">al-Buqaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harim" title="Battle of Harim">Harim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bilbeis" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bilbeis">1st Bilbeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Babein" title="Battle of al-Babein">al-Babein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1167)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1167)">1st Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Bilbeis" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Bilbeis">2nd Bilbeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1169)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Damietta (1169)">1st Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ayla" title="Siege of Ayla">Ayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1174)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1174)">2nd Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montgisard" title="Battle of Montgisard">Montgisard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hama_(1178)" title="Battle of Hama (1178)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banias" title="Battle of Banias">Banias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_Ayyun" title="Battle of Marj Ayyun">Marj Ayyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jacob%27s_Ford" title="Siege of Jacob's Ford">Jacob's Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Acre_(1179)" title="Attack on Acre (1179)">3rd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusader_raids_on_the_Red_Sea" title="Crusader raids on the Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Battle of Belvoir Castle">1st Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Fule" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Fule">Al-Fule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak" title="Siege of Kerak">1st Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cresson" title="Battle of Cresson">Cresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak_(1187%E2%80%931188)" title="Siege of Kerak (1187–1188)">2nd Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin" title="Battle of Hattin">Hattin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">2nd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1187)" title="Siege of Tyre (1187)">3rd Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Siege of Belvoir Castle">2nd Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Laodicea_(1188)" title="Siege of Laodicea (1188)">Laodicea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sahyun_Castle" title="Siege of Sahyun Castle">Sahyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Al-Shughur">Al-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bourzey_Castle" title="Siege of Bourzey Castle">Bourzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1188)" title="Siege of Safed (1188)">Safed</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">4th Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philomelion_(1190)" title="Battle of Philomelion (1190)">Philomelion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iconium_(1190)" title="Battle of Iconium (1190)">Iconium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsuf" title="Battle of Arsuf">1st Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1192)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1192)">1st Jaffa</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-Third Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1197)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1197)">2nd Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toron" title="Siege of Toron">Toron</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zara" title="Siege of Zara">Zara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(1203)" title="Siege of Constantinople (1203)">2nd Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Constantinople" title="Sack of Constantinople">3rd Constantinople</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Crusade" title="Fifth Crusade">Fifth Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mount_Tabor" title="Siege of Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Machghara" title="Battle of Machghara">Machghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218%E2%80%931219)" title="Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)">2nd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1219)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1219)">1st Fariskur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1221)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1221)">1st Mansurah</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Crusade" title="Sixth Crusade">Sixth Crusade</a> and aftermath</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Gaza_(1239)" title="Battle at Gaza (1239)">Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1244)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1244)">3rd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forbie" title="Battle of Forbie">Forbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon_(1247)" title="Siege of Ascalon (1247)">3rd Ascalon</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1249)" title="Siege of Damietta (1249)">3rd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">2nd Mansurah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1250)">2nd Fariskur</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Outremer" title="Fall of Outremer">End of the Crusader states in the Levant</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Arsuf" title="Fall of Arsuf">2nd Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Caesarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Caesarea">Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Haifa_(1265)" title="Fall of Haifa (1265)">Haifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1266)" title="Siege of Safed (1266)">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Antioch_(1268)" title="Siege of Antioch (1268)">2nd Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Crusade" title="Eighth Crusade">Eighth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Krak_des_Chevaliers" title="Fall of Krak des Chevaliers">Krak des Chevaliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1271)" title="Siege of Tripoli (1271)">2nd Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Edward%27s_Crusade" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Edward's Crusade">Lord Edward's Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Homs" title="Second Battle of Homs">Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Margat" title="Siege of Margat">Margat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tripoli_(1289)" title="Fall of Tripoli (1289)">3rd Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1291)" title="Siege of Acre (1291)">4th Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Ruad" title="Fall of Ruad">Ruad</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ayyubid–Crusader_conflict_(1169–1254)" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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class="nobold">(1169–1254)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1169)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Damietta (1169)">1st Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ayla" title="Siege of Ayla">Ayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1174)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1174)">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montgisard" title="Battle of Montgisard">Montgisard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hama_(1178)" title="Battle of Hama (1178)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banias" title="Battle of Banias">Banias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_Ayyun" title="Battle of Marj Ayyun">Marj Ayyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jacob%27s_Ford" title="Siege of Jacob's Ford">Jacob's Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Acre_(1179)" title="Attack on Acre (1179)">1st Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusader_raids_on_the_Red_Sea" title="Crusader raids on the Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Battle of Belvoir Castle">1st Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Fule" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Fule">Al-Fule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak" title="Siege of Kerak">1st Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cresson" title="Battle of Cresson">Cresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak_(1187%E2%80%931188)" title="Siege of Kerak (1187–1188)">2nd Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin" title="Battle of Hattin">Hattin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">1st Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1187)" title="Siege of Tyre (1187)">Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Siege of Belvoir Castle">2nd Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Laodicea_(1188)" title="Siege of Laodicea (1188)">Laodicea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sahyun_Castle" title="Siege of Sahyun Castle">Sahyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Al-Shughur">Al-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bourzey_Castle" title="Siege of Bourzey Castle">Bourzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1188)" title="Siege of Safed (1188)">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">2nd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsuf" title="Battle of Arsuf">Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1192)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1192)">1st Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1197)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1197)">2nd Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toron" title="Siege of Toron">Toron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mount_Tabor" title="Siege of Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Machghara" title="Battle of Machghara">Machghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218%E2%80%931219)" title="Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)">2nd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1219)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1219)">1st Fariskur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Limassol" title="Attack on Limassol">Limassol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1221)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1221)">1st Mansurah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Gaza_(1239)" title="Battle at Gaza (1239)">1st Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1244)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1244)">2nd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forbie" title="Battle of Forbie">2nd Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon_(1247)" title="Siege of Ascalon (1247)">Ascalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1249)" title="Siege of Damietta (1249)">3rd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">2nd Mansurah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1250)">2nd Fariskur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>siege of al-Shughur</b> took place in August 1188 between the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayyubid Sultanate">Ayyubid Sultanate</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Antioch" title="Principality of Antioch">Principality of Antioch</a>, who held modern-day <a href="/wiki/Jisr_al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Jisr al-Shughur">Jisr al-Shughur</a>. Saladin captured the two forts, Shughr-Bakas, lying there. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siege">Siege</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Siege"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Saladin" title="Saladin">Saladin</a> took the main contingent of his army and left <a href="/wiki/Sahyun_Castle" title="Sahyun Castle">Sahyun Castle</a> on July 30, he reached and encamped on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Orontes_River" title="Orontes River">Orontes River</a> near a fortress of <a href="/wiki/Jisr_ash-Shughur" title="Jisr ash-Shughur">Jisr ash-Shughur</a>, this castle on the heights to the west of bridge al-Shughur crossing had two castles divided by a wide fosse that cut across the spur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897132_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConder1897132-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Baha_ad-Din_ibn_Shaddad" title="Baha ad-Din ibn Shaddad">Baha' al-Din</a>, Saladin took the detachment and assaulted the Bakas castle until it was taken on August 5 massacring its garrison and taking the rest captives, while <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Athir" title="Ibn al-Athir">Ibn al-Athir</a> claimed that the castle was abandoned when the Ayyubids arrived.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010348_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010348-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baha' al-Din claims that al-Shugur was bombarded from all sides but does not state that if stones reached the walls, leaving the defenders with no choice but to surrender.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897133_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConder1897133-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ibn al-Athir claimed some stones managed to hit the castle but had no effect; however, the crusader position was so hopeless that the Ayyubid forces were shocked to learn that the garrison asked for surrender since the Ayyubids had achieved little in the siege and that they would have failed to capture it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010349-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the capture of the castles, he handed them over to an emir called Qilij, whom he ordered to rebuild the fort and depart.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010349-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the capture of the two castles, Saladin dispatched his son <a href="/wiki/Az-Zahir_Ghazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Az-Zahir Ghazi">Az-Zahir Ghazi</a> to take the fort of <a href="/wiki/Sarmin" title="Sarmin">Sarmin</a>. He succeeded in capturing the castle, destroying it.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010349-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897133_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConder1897133-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFulton2018167_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFulton2018">Fulton 2018</a>, p. 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEConder1897132-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897132_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFConder1897">Conder 1897</a>, p. 132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010348-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010348_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRichards2010">Richards 2010</a>, p. 348.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEConder1897133-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897133_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConder1897133_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFConder1897">Conder 1897</a>, p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERichards2010349-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichards2010349_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRichards2010">Richards 2010</a>, p. 349.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFConder1897" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Reignier_Conder" title="Claude Reignier Conder">Conder, Claude Reignier</a> (1897). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lifesaladin00condgoog/page/n160/mode/1up"><i>The Life of Saladin</i></a>. Harvard University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+of+Saladin&rft.pub=Harvard+University&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Conder&rft.aufirst=Claude+Reignier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flifesaladin00condgoog%2Fpage%2Fn160%2Fmode%2F1up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+al-Shughur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFulton2018" class="citation book cs1">Fulton, Michael S. (2018). <i>Artillery in the Era of the Crusades, Siege Warfare and the Development of Trebuchet Technology</i>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004376922" title="Special:BookSources/9789004376922"><bdi>9789004376922</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Artillery+in+the+Era+of+the+Crusades%2C+Siege+Warfare+and+the+Development+of+Trebuchet+Technology&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9789004376922&rft.aulast=Fulton&rft.aufirst=Michael+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+al-Shughur" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2010" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Donald Sidney (2010). <i>The Chronicle of Ibn Al-Athir for the Crusading Period from Al-Kamil Fi'l-Ta'rikh</i>. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780754669517" title="Special:BookSources/9780754669517"><bdi>9780754669517</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronicle+of+Ibn+Al-Athir+for+the+Crusading+Period+from+Al-Kamil+Fi%27l-Ta%27rikh&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780754669517&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Donald+Sidney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASiege+of+al-Shughur" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&oldid=1258697923">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_al-Shughur&oldid=1258697923</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_1188" title="Category:Conflicts in 1188">Conflicts in 1188</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Principality_of_Antioch" title="Category:Battles involving the Principality of Antioch">Battles involving the Principality of Antioch</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sieges_of_the_Crusades" title="Category:Sieges of the Crusades">Sieges of the Crusades</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_Saladin" title="Category:Battles of Saladin">Battles of Saladin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1180s_in_the_Ayyubid_Sultanate" title="Category:1180s in the Ayyubid Sultanate">1180s in the Ayyubid Sultanate</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sieges_involving_the_Ayyubid_Sultanate" title="Category:Sieges involving the Ayyubid Sultanate">Sieges involving the Ayyubid Sultanate</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Syria_articles_missing_geocoordinate_data" title="Category:Syria articles missing geocoordinate data">Syria articles missing geocoordinate data</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_coordinates" title="Category:All articles needing coordinates">All articles needing coordinates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_missing_coordinates_without_coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata">Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 November 2024, at 02:55<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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