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title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"> 创建账号</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"> 登录</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息">了解详情</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y">贡献</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n">讨论</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理特性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 物理特性 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-物理特性-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关物理特性子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-物理特性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-表面地形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#表面地形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 表面地形 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-表面地形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-火山地形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#火山地形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 火山地形 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-火山地形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-撞擊坑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#撞擊坑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 撞擊坑 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-撞擊坑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-表面地質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#表面地質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 表面地質 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-表面地質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-月岩" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#月岩"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 月岩 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-月岩-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-月壤" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#月壤"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.2 月壤 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-月壤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-內部構造" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#內部構造"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 內部構造 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-內部構造-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-重力和磁場" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#重力和磁場"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 重力和磁場 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-重力和磁場-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大氣層" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大氣層"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 大氣層 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大氣層-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-季節" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#季節"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 季節 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-季節-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水的存在" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水的存在"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 水的存在 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水的存在-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-與地球的關係" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#與地球的關係"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 與地球的關係 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-與地球的關係-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关與地球的關係子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-與地球的關係-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-軌道" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軌道"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 軌道 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軌道-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-偏心率變化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#偏心率變化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 偏心率變化 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-偏心率變化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-拱線運動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#拱線運動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.2 拱線運動 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-拱線運動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-軌道傾角變化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#軌道傾角變化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.3 軌道傾角變化 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-軌道傾角變化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-交點西退" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#交點西退"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.4 交點西退 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-交點西退-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中心差" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中心差"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.5 中心差 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中心差-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-幾何天秤動" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#幾何天秤動"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.6 幾何天秤動 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-幾何天秤動-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相對大小" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相對大小"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 相對大小 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相對大小-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-潮汐效應" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#潮汐效應"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 潮汐效應 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-潮汐效應-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-從地球看月球" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#從地球看月球"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 從地球看月球 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-從地球看月球-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关從地球看月球子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-從地球看月球-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-月相" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#月相"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 月相 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-月相-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-食" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#食"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 食 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-食-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-研究和探測" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#研究和探測"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 研究和探測 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-研究和探測-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关研究和探測子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-研究和探測-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早期的研究" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早期的研究"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 早期的研究 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早期的研究-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-第一次直接探測：1959–1976" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#第一次直接探測：1959–1976"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 第一次直接探測：1959–1976 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-第一次直接探測：1959–1976-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-蘇聯的任務" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#蘇聯的任務"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.1 蘇聯的任務 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-蘇聯的任務-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-美國的任務" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#美國的任務"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2.2 美國的任務 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-美國的任務-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-目前的時代：1990–現在" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#目前的時代：1990–現在"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 目前的時代：1990–現在 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-目前的時代：1990–現在-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法律地位" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法律地位"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 法律地位 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-法律地位-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 文化 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关文化子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-文学作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文学作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 文学作品 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文学作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-音樂作品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#音樂作品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 音樂作品 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-音樂作品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-精神病的聯想" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#精神病的聯想"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 精神病的聯想 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-精神病的聯想-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 參見 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-注释" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#注释"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 注释 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-注释-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 参考文献 </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> 开关参考文献子章节 </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 引用 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-书目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#书目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.2 书目 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-书目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 延伸阅读 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 外部連結 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">月球</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。277种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-277" aria-hidden="true" > 277种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Амза – 阿布哈西亚语" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Амза" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="阿布哈西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Мазэ – 阿迪格语" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Мазэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="阿迪格语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maan" title="Maan – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Maan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond" title="Mond – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mond" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-alt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://alt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9_(%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Ай (спутник) – 南阿尔泰语" lang="alt" hreflang="alt" data-title="Ай (спутник)" data-language-autonym="Алтай тил" data-language-local-name="南阿尔泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Алтай тил</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8C%A8%E1%88%A8%E1%89%83" title="ጨረቃ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ጨረቃ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulad" title="Fulad – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Fulad" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%8Dna" title="Mōna – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Mōna" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चंद्रमा – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="चंद्रमा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1" title="القمر – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%97%DC%AA%DC%90" title="ܣܗܪܐ – 阿拉米语" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܗܪܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="阿拉米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="لقامار – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لقامار" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1" title="قمر – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قمر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0" title="চন্দ্ৰ – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="চন্দ্ৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lluna" title="Lluna – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lluna" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%86%D3%80_(%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="МоцӀ (астрономия) – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="МоцӀ (астрономия)" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चंद्रमा – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="चंद्रमा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phaxsi_(alaxpacha_y%C3%A4nakata)" title="Phaxsi (alaxpacha yänakata) – 艾马拉语" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Phaxsi (alaxpacha yänakata)" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="艾马拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay" title="Ay – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ay" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C" title="آی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9_(%D1%8E%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88)" title="Ай (юлдаш) – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ай (юлдаш)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond" title="Mond – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Mond" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mienolis" title="Mienolis – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Mienolis" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan_(astronomiya)" title="Bulan (astronomiya) – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bulan (astronomiya)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%86_(%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%97%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%96)" title="Месяц (спадарожнік Зямлі) – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Месяц (спадарожнік Зямлі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%86_(%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA)" title="Месяц (спадарожнік) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Месяц (спадарожнік)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Луна – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चंद्रमा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="चंद्रमा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun" title="Mun – 比斯拉马语" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Mun" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="比斯拉马语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC" title="လာ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="လာ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalo" title="Kalo – 班巴拉语" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Kalo" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="班巴拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bamanankan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A6" title="চাঁদ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="চাঁদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%9F%E0%BE%B3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8D" title="ཟླ་བ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཟླ་བ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loar" title="Loar – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Loar" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjesec_(satelit)" title="Mjesec (satelit) – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mjesec (satelit)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target">Batak Mandailing</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%95%E1%A8%98%E1%A8%92%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%8A%E1%A8%81" title="ᨕᨘᨒᨙᨊᨁ – 布吉语" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨕᨘᨒᨙᨊᨁ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="布吉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Һара – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Һара" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lluna" title="Lluna – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lluna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngu%C5%8Fk-gi%C3%B9" title="Nguŏk-giù – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nguŏk-giù" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Бутт (планета) – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бутт (планета)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan_(astronomiya)" title="Bulan (astronomiya) – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bulan (astronomiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%85%E1%8F%93_%E1%8F%92%E1%8F%83%E1%8F%B1_%E1%8E%A1%E1%8E%AF" title="ᏅᏓ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎡᎯ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏅᏓ ᏒᏃᏱ ᎡᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taa%27%C3%A9-e%C5%A1e%27he" title="Taa'é-eše'he – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Taa'é-eše'he" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="مانگ – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مانگ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay_(k%C3%B6k_cismi)" title="Ay (kök cismi) – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ay (kök cismi)" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%9Bs%C3%ADc" title="Měsíc – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Měsíc" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mies%C4%85dz" title="Miesądz – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Miesądz" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%A3%D1%81%D1%A7%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Мѣсѧць – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Мѣсѧць" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%85_(%C3%87%C4%95%D1%80_%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%C4%95)" title="Уйăх (Çĕр çулташĕ) – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Уйăх (Çĕр çулташĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lleuad" title="Lleuad – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lleuad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Månen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond" title="Mond – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mond" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dga mw-list-item"><a href="https://dga.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%8Amaraa" title="Ŋmaraa – Dagaare" lang="dga" hreflang="dga" data-title="Ŋmaraa" data-language-autonym="Dagaare" data-language-local-name="Dagaare" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagaare</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%9B%C9%9Bi" title="Pɛɛi – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Pɛɛi" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Thuɔŋjäŋ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चन्द्रमा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="चन्द्रमा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%80%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%8B%DE%AA" title="ހަނދު – 迪维希语" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ހަނދު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="迪维希语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%94leti" title="Ɣleti – 埃维语" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Ɣleti" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="埃维语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Σελήνη – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σελήνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3%E1%B9%85na" title="Lóṅna – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Lóṅna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon" title="Moon – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Moon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luno" title="Luno – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Luno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuu" title="Kuu – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilargia" title="Ilargia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ilargia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87" title="ماه – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewru" title="Lewru – 富拉语" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Lewru" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="富拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuu" title="Kuu – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kuu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuu" title="Kuu – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Kuu" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vula_(setilaiti)" title="Vula (setilaiti) – 斐济语" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vula (setilaiti)" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐济语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1nin" title="Mánin – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mánin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B9n" title="Sùn – 丰语" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Sùn" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="丰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fɔ̀ngbè</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lena" title="Lena – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lena" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moune" title="Moune – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Moune" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moanne_(natuerlike_satellyt_fan_de_Ierde)" title="Moanne (natuerlike satellyt fan de Ierde) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Moanne (natuerlike satellyt fan de Ierde)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ghealach" title="An Ghealach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Ghealach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89" title="月光 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="月光" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalin" title="Lalin – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lalin" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gealach" title="Gealach – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Gealach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BAa" title="Lúa – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lúa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="مانگ – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="مانگ" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasy" title="Jasy – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jasy" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE" title="चंद्रीम – 孔卡尼文" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="चंद्रीम" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="孔卡尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9A%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="ચંદ્ર – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ચંદ્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashi" title="Kashi – 瓦尤文" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Kashi" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="瓦尤文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wayuunaiki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Eayst" title="Yn Eayst – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Eayst" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wata" title="Wata – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Wata" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngie%CC%8Dt-khi%C3%B9" title="Ngie̍t-khiù – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ngie̍t-khiù" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahina" title="Mahina – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Mahina" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%97" title="הירח – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הירח" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चन्द्रमा – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="चन्द्रमा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandarma" title="Chandarma – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Chandarma" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mjesec" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%9Bsa%C4%8Dk" title="Měsačk – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Měsačk" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalin" title="Lalin – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Lalin" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hold" title="Hold – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hold" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Լուսին – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուսին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Լուսին – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լուսին" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – 国际文字（E）" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字（E）" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cnwa" title="Ọnwa – 伊博语" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ọnwa" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="伊博语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ii mw-list-item"><a href="https://ii.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%86%AA" title="ꆪ – 四川彝语" lang="ii" hreflang="ii" data-title="ꆪ" data-language-autonym="ꆇꉙ" data-language-local-name="四川彝语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꆇꉙ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatqiq" title="Tatqiq – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Tatqiq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82_(%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Бутт (новкъар) – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Бутт (новкъар)" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ГӀалгӀай</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luno" title="Luno – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Luno" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungli%C3%B0" title="Tunglið – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tunglið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%91%95%E1%96%85%E1%91%AD%E1%96%85" title="ᑕᖅᑭᖅ – 因纽特语" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᑕᖅᑭᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="因纽特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88" title="月 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="月" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muun" title="Muun – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Muun" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/lunra" title="lunra – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="lunra" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rembulan" title="Rembulan – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rembulan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94" title="მთვარე – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მთვარე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay" title="Ay – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Ay" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayyur_(amtiweg)" title="Ayyur (amtiweg) – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ayyur (amtiweg)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Мазэ – 卡巴尔德语" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Мазэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="卡巴尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fena%C9%A3" title="Fenaɣ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Fenaɣ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwat" title="Zwat – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Zwat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9_(%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BA)" title="Ай (серік) – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ай (серік)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaammat" title="Qaammat – 格陵兰语" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Qaammat" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="格陵兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kalaallisut</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%91" title="ព្រះច័ន្ទ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ព្រះច័ន្ទ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ಚಂದ್ರ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಚಂದ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%AC" title="달 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="달" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A7%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Тӧлісь – 科米-彼尔米亚克语" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Тӧлісь" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="科米-彼尔米亚克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%97%D9%86" title="زوٗن – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="زوٗن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moond_(%C3%84%C3%A4d)" title="Moond (Ääd) – 科隆语" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Moond (Ääd)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heyv" title="Heyv – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Heyv" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A7%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Тӧлысь – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Тӧлысь" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loor" title="Loor – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Loor" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9" title="Ай – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ай" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 拉迪诺语" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84erdmound" title="Äerdmound – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Äerdmound" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B7" title="Варз – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Варз" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omwezi" title="Omwezi – 卢干达语" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Omwezi" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="卢干达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Luganda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maon" title="Maon – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Maon" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunn-a" title="Lunn-a – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lunn-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6na" title="Löna – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Löna" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCna" title="Lüna – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lüna" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1nz%C3%A1_(monz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94)" title="Sánzá (monzɔ́tɔ) – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Sánzá (monzɔ́tɔ)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99" title="ດວງຈັນ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດວງຈັນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%97nulis" title="Mėnulis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mėnulis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%93ness" title="Mēness – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mēness" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulan_(satelit)" title="Wulan (satelit) – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Wulan (satelit)" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Ков – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Ков" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volana" title="Volana – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Volana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te_Marama" title="Te Marama – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Te Marama" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Месечина – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Месечина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%BB" title="ചന്ദ്രൻ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചന്ദ്രൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сар – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%A5_(%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4)" title="ꯊꯥ (ꯊꯄꯤ) – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯊꯥ (ꯊꯄꯤ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF" title="ဂိတု – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဂိတု" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="चंद्र – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="चंद्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qamar" title="Qamar – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Qamar" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C_(%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B6%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA)" title="လ (ကမ္ဘာရံဂြိုဟ်) – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လ (ကမ္ဘာရံဂြိုဟ်)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0)" title="Ков (Моданть ки лангонь ялга) – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ков (Моданть ки лангонь ялга)" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9" title="مونک – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مونک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maand_(Eer)" title="Maand (Eer) – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Maand (Eer)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maone_(eerde)" title="Maone (eerde) – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Maone (eerde)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nedersaksies</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="चन्द्रमा – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="चन्द्रमा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE" title="मिला – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मिला" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maan" title="Maan – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Månen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Månen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%9E%DF%8A%DF%99%DF%8F" title="ߞߊߙߏ – 西非书面文字" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߞߊߙߏ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="西非书面文字" class="interlanguage-link-target">ߒߞߏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leune" title="Leune – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Leune" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oolj%C3%A9%C3%A9%CA%BC" title="Ooljééʼ – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ooljééʼ" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuudam" title="Kuudam – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kuudam" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addeessa" title="Addeessa – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Addeessa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9C%E0%AC%B9%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A8" title="ଜହ୍ନ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଜହ୍ନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%C3%A6%D0%B9_(%D0%97%C3%A6%D1%85%D1%85%D1%8B_%C3%A6%D0%BC%D0%B1%C3%A6%D0%BB%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%BD)" title="Мæй (Зæххы æмбæлццон) – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мæй (Зæххы æмбæлццон)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9A%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE" title="ਚੰਦਰਮਾ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਚੰਦਰਮਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan" title="Bulan – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bulan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ksi%C4%99%C5%BCyc" title="Księżyc – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Księżyc" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lun-a" title="Lun-a – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lun-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%86%D8%AF" title="چند – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چند" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Φέγγος – 旁狄希臘文" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Φέγγος" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="旁狄希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ποντιακά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%96%D9%85%DB%8D" title="سپوږمۍ – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سپوږمۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lua" title="Lua – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lua" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Killa" title="Killa – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Killa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glina" title="Glina – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Glina" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhon_(chereski)" title="Chhon (chereski) – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Chhon (chereski)" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lun%C3%A2" title="Lunâ – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Lunâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Мешац – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Мешац" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Руски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Луна – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Луна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8C_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82)" title="Місяць (сателіт) – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Місяць (сателіт)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="चन्द्रः – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="चन्द्रः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D0%B9" title="Ый – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ый" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%AA%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%9A" title="ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱪᱟᱸᱫᱚ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muin" title="Muin – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Muin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D9%86%DA%8A" title="چنڊ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="چنڊ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1nnu" title="Mánnu – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mánnu" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjesec" title="Mjesec – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mjesec" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayyur_(amtiwg)" title="Ayyur (amtiwg) – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Ayyur (amtiwg)" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%A0%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F" title="චන්ද්‍රයා – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="චන්ද්‍රයා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon" title="Moon – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Moon" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesiac" title="Mesiac – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mesiac" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna" title="Luna – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Luna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masina" title="Masina – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Masina" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1nud%C3%A2%C5%A1" title="Mánudâš – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Mánudâš" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwedzi_muChadenga" title="Mwedzi muChadenga – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mwedzi muChadenga" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bil" title="Bil – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bil" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%ABna" title="Hëna – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hëna" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Месец – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Месец" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun_(son)" title="Mun (son) – 苏里南汤加语" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Mun (son)" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="苏里南汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sranantongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moune" title="Moune – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Moune" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan_(satelit)" title="Bulan (satelit) – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Bulan (satelit)" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5nen" title="Månen – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Månen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwezi" title="Mwezi – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mwezi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mje%C5%9B%C5%AFnczek" title="Mjeśůnczek – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mjeśůnczek" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/bulad" title="bulad – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="bulad" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE" title="நிலா – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிலா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/byacing" title="byacing – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="byacing" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%86" title="ಚಂದ್ರೆ – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಚಂದ್ರೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="చంద్రుడు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="చంద్రుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D2%B3" title="Моҳ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Моҳ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ดวงจันทร์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดวงจันทร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%88%E1%88%AD%E1%88%92" title="ወርሒ – 提格利尼亚语" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="ወርሒ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="提格利尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ትግርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%BD_(hemra)" title="Aý (hemra) – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Aý (hemra)" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buwan_(astronomiya)" title="Buwan (astronomiya) – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Buwan (astronomiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ov%C5%A1um" title="Ovšum – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ovšum" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C4%81hina" title="Māhina – 汤加语" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Māhina" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="汤加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun_(i_stap_long_heven)" title="Mun (i stap long heven) – 托克皮辛语" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Mun (i stap long heven)" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="托克皮辛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay" title="Ay – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ay" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idass" title="Idass – 赛德克语" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Idass" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="赛德克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27weti" title="N'weti – 聪加语" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="N'weti" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="聪加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Xitsonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9_(%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD)" title="Ай (иярчен) – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ай (иярчен)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%86bosome" title="Ɔbosome – 契维语" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Ɔbosome" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="契维语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9" title="Ай – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Ай" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тыва дыл</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Толэзь (астрономия) – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Толэзь (астрономия)" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="ئاي – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8C_(%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Місяць (супутник) – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Місяць (супутник)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF" title="چاند – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="چاند" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oy" title="Oy – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81una" title="Łuna – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łuna" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudmaine" title="Kudmaine – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kudmaine" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%B7t_Tr%C4%83ng" title="Mặt Trăng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mặt Trăng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moane" title="Moane – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Moane" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun" title="Mun – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mun" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lune" title="Lune – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lune" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulan_(astronomiya)" title="Bulan (astronomiya) – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bulan (astronomiya)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="月球" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94)" title="თუთა (ალმაშარე) – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თუთა (ალმაშარე)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94" title="לבנה – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לבנה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92%E1%B9%A3%C3%B9p%C3%A1" title="Òṣùpá – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Òṣùpá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronghndwen" title="Ronghndwen – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ronghndwen" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maen_(Aerde)" title="Maen (Aerde) – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Maen (Aerde)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵜ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88" title="月 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="月" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goe%CC%8Dh-ni%C3%BB" title="Goe̍h-niû – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Goe̍h-niû" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r74069148">  「月亮」重定向至此。关于1997年电子游戏，请见「<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE_(%E6%B8%B8%E6%88%8F)" title="月亮 (游戏)">月亮 (游戏)</a>」。</div> <div id="noteTA-240fdfec" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:天平动;zh-tw:天秤動;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-hans:阿姆斯特朗;zh-hk:岩士唐;zh-tw:阿姆斯壯;"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">月球 <a href="/wiki/File:Moon_decrescent_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="月球符號"><img alt="☾" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/24px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/36px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/48px-Moon_decrescent_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="剛過滿月的月球"><img alt="黑暗天空中剛過滿月（望）的月球。它是一幅混合光亮和黑暗的地區，不規則的斑點圖，和參差著不同大小的環形山，向外輻射的明亮噴出物包圍著的圓環。" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/280px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/420px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/560px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1411" data-file-height="1424" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>北半球所見的剛過<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%BF%E6%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="滿月">滿月</a>的月球</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#dddddd;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="軌道參數">軌道參數</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">近地点</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">363,104 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E7%B1%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="千米">km</a>（0.0024<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="天文單位">天文單位</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">遠地点</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">405,696 km（0.0027天文單位）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%95%B7%E8%BB%B8" title="半長軸">半長軸</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">384,399 km（0.00257天文单位）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E7%8E%87" title="軌道離心率">離心率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">6998549000000000000♠0.0549</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">軌道週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">27天7小时43.1分</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">會合週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">29天12小时44分2.9秒</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="轨道速度">軌道速度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.022 km/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="軌道傾角">軌道傾角</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">5.145°（与<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="黃道">黃道</a>） （与地球<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>傾角在18.29°-28.58°間）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E%E9%BB%83%E7%B6%93" title="升交點黃經">升交點黃經</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">每18.6年在公轉軌道上退行一周</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%BF%83%E9%BB%9E%E5%B9%85%E8%A7%92" title="近心點幅角">近地点參數</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">每8.85年在公轉軌道上順行一周</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="天然衛星">隸屬天体</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#dddddd;">物理特徵</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均半徑</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1,737.10 km（地球半徑的0.273倍）<a href="#cite_note-NSSDC-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%A5%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="兩極">極</a>半徑</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1,735.97 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" title="公里">km</a>（地球半徑的0.273倍）<a href="#cite_note-NSSDC-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%81%E7%8E%87" title="扁率">扁率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.0012<a href="#cite_note-NSSDC-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">周長</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">10,921 km（<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>周长的0.273倍）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2#面積" title="類球面">表面積</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.793 × 107 km2（地球表面積的0.074倍）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="體積">體積</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.1958 × 1010 km3（地球體積的0.020倍）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="質量">質量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">7.3477 × 1022 kg（地球質量的0.0123倍）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.3464 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%83%E5%85%8B%E6%AF%8F%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E7%B1%B3" title="千克每立方米">g/cm3</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="基本小行星物理特征">表面重力</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.622 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%8F%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%B9%E7%A7%92" title="米每二次方秒">m/s2</a> （0.1654 <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="重力加速度">g</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%83%E9%80%B8%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="逃逸速度">逃逸速度</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.38 km/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="自轉週期">恆星週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">27.321582天（<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="同步自轉">同步</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">赤道自轉速度</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">4.627 m/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="轉軸傾角">轉軸傾角</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.5424°（對<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="黃道">黃道</a>） 6.687°（對<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="軌道平面">軌道平面</a>）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.136<a href="#cite_note-Saari-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><table style="border-spacing: 0px; width:100%; border:none; background-color:#f9f9f9; margin:0; text-align:left; line-height:1.2em; white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr> <th style="width:33%; padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="溫度">溫度</a></th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">最低</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">平均</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">最高</th> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em">赤道</th> <td>100 <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="热力学温标">K</a></td> <td>220 K</td> <td>390 K</td> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em">85°N<a href="#cite_note-Vasavada1999-3">[3]</a></th> <td>70 K</td> <td>130 K</td> <td>230 K</td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="視星等">視星等</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">−2.5至−12.9<a href="#cite_note-maxval-4">[nb 1]</a> −12.74（平均<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%BF%E6%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="滿月">滿月</a>）<a href="#cite_note-NSSDC-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%9B%B4%E5%BE%91" title="角直徑">角直徑</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">29.3～34.1<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%88%86" class="mw-redirect" title="角分">′</a><a href="#cite_note-NSSDC-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-angular_size-5">[nb 2]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#dddddd;">大氣特徵<a href="#cite_note-L06-6">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-pressure_explanation-7">[nb 3]</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" class="mw-redirect" title="氣壓">氣壓</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">10−7 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">Pa</a>（白天） 3*10−10 Pa（夜晚）（大气总质量：～25000kg）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="大气化学">成分</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">每立方釐米粒子數量（夜晚时）：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>氦-4- 40,000</li><li>氖氣- 40,000</li><li>氫氣- 35,000</li><li>氩-40- 30,000</li><li>氖-22- 5,000</li><li>氬-36- 2,000</li><li>甲烷- 1000</li><li>氨氣- 1000</li><li>二氧化碳- 1000</li></ul></div>含有痕量氧氣、鋁、銈 可能含有磷、鈉、鎂</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_Earth_Comparison.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Moon_Earth_Comparison.png/300px-Moon_Earth_Comparison.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Moon_Earth_Comparison.png/450px-Moon_Earth_Comparison.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Moon_Earth_Comparison.png/600px-Moon_Earth_Comparison.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>直径ø12756公里的地球和其直径ø3476公里的卫星月球的大小直观对比</figcaption></figure> 月球，即地卫一，俗称月亮，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>唯一的天然<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="衛星">衛星</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[nb 4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Morais2002-9">[5]</a>，直徑約等于地球的四分之一，質量约为地球的1/81，相对于所环绕的行星，它是体积和质量最大的卫星，并且是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体大小列表">第五大</a>的衛星，也是太阳系内<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a>第二高的卫星，仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="木卫一">木卫一</a>。 一般认为月亮形成于约45亿年前，即<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B4%E9%BE%84" class="mw-redirect" title="地球的年龄">地球出现</a>后的不久。有关它的起源有几种假说，但沒有一種能完全合理地作毫無破綻的解釋，最被普遍认可的是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a>，它假設月球形成于地球与<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>般大小的「<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BC%8A%E4%BA%9A_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F)" title="忒伊亚 (行星)">特亞</a>」之间的一次巨大撞击。 它的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="自轉">自轉</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="公轉">公轉</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5" title="同步">同步</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E9%8E%96%E5%AE%9A" title="潮汐鎖定">潮汐鎖定</a>），因此以同一面朝向地球。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2" title="月球正面">月球正面</a>標記著黑暗的火山熔岩<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">海</a>，中間夾雜著明亮和古老地殼的高地和明顯的<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="陨石坑">陨石坑</a>。從地球用肉眼觀測，月球是除了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a>之外最亮的天體，尽管它看起來非常明亮，但其表面实际很暗，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%84%E7%8E%87" title="反射率">反射率</a>仅略高于旧沥青。由于月球在天空中非常容易被觀測，再加上規律性的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">月相</a>變化，使它自古以來就对人类文化如<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%8E%86" title="阴历">曆法</a>、藝術和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%A5%9E" title="月神">神話</a>等产生重大影響。月球的引力影響造成地球海洋的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">潮汐</a>和每一天的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F" title="潮汐加速">時間延長</a>。月球現在與地球的距離，大約是地球直徑的30倍，換而言之，將太陽系八大行星外加冥王星塞進地球與月球間還有餘剩空間。而月球與太陽的大小比率與距離的比率相近(約1：400)，使得它的視覺大小與太陽幾乎相同，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a>時月球可以完全遮蔽太陽而形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日全食</a>。 月球是第一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="登陸月球">人類曾經登陸</a>過的地外星球。前<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8F%B7%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="月球号系列探测器">月球計划</a>在1959年发射了第一艘登月的無人<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8" title="航天器">太空船</a>，而美國<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="美国国家航空航天局">NASA</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅計畫">阿波羅計畫</a>是到目前為止，唯一實現的載人登月任務。<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%858%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅8號">阿波羅8號</a>在1968年曾載人環繞月球，1969年<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8511%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅11號">阿波羅11號</a>首次載人登陆月球，至1972年人类共六次登月成功。這些任務总共帶回超過380公斤的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">月球岩石</a>，其中有些被用於研究月球的地質，以了解月球的起源（通过相关的研究提出月球形成于45億年前的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">巨大撞擊</a>假说），<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="月球內部構造">月球內部結構</a>形成以及<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="月质学">月球形成后的歷史</a>。在1972年<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8517%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅17號">阿波羅17號</a>之後，只有無人太空船繼續拜訪月球，其中最值得一提的是<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="月球步行者">月球步行者</a>漫遊車。自從2004年，日本、中國、印度、美國和<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%B1%80" title="欧洲空间局">歐洲太空總署</a>都發射了繞月衛星。這些太空探測器確認了月球極區上永久陰暗的坑穴的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="土壤">土壤</a>中有<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0" title="冰">水冰</a>的存在。2019年中國的探測器嫦娥四號首次登陸月球背面进行勘察<a href="#cite_note-10">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[7]</a>，次年<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%BA%94%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥五号">嫦娥五號</a>携带<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="月球土壤">月壤</a>样本于2020年12月17日1時59分返回地球，成为自冷战结束之后再次有收集月球样本回地球的活动。现在人类有多个載人重新登陆探測月球的計畫，例如美國<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%BF%92%E5%BC%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿耳忒弥斯计划">阿耳忒弥斯计划</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国载人月球探测工程">中国载人月球探测工程</a>等已經確定實施，但細節均在研議階段，短時間內還未能成行。美国将宇航员重新登月计划推迟到2026年<a href="#cite_note-12">[8]</a>。现在在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="外层空间条约">外太空條約</a>下，月球依然是所有國家以和平的用途可以自由前往探測的場所。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="名稱和語源">名稱和語源</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：名稱和語源">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG/220px-Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG/330px-Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG/440px-Lunar_eclipse_October_8_2014_California_Alfredo_Garcia_Jr_mideclipse.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3025" data-file-height="2989" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%9D%95" class="mw-redirect" title="月蝕">月蝕</a>期间呈淡红色的月球</figcaption></figure> 中文的“月”为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E6%96%87%E5%AD%97" title="象形文字">象形文字</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87" title="甲骨文">甲骨文</a>中月像一彎眉月的樣子。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="東漢">東漢</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E6%85%8E" title="許慎">許慎</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%B4%E6%96%87%E8%A7%A3%E5%AD%97" title="说文解字">說文解字</a>》一書中分析月的字型時說：月，阙也。人們經過觀察，發現月圓的時間少，阙（弦月或眉月等）的時間多，於是就照眉月的樣子創造出這個象形字。古称太陰、玄兔<a href="#cite_note-13">[9]</a>、嬋娟、望舒等。 在英語中月的專有名稱是“the Moon”<a href="#cite_note-14">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-PN-FAQ-15">[11]</a>。该名詞源於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E6%97%A5%E8%80%B3%E6%9B%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="原始日耳曼語">原始日耳曼語</a>的“mǣnōn”<a href="#cite_note-barnhart1995-16">[12]</a>，在725年之前的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD" title="古英语">古英語</a>被称为"mōna"，1135年为“mone”，大約在1380年变为“moone”，之后再变成现在的写法。月球在現代英語的主要形容詞是“lunar”，源自拉丁文的“Luna”。另一個比較不常用的形容詞是“selenic”，則源自古希臘文的“Selene”（Σελήνη），是衍生自字首“seleno-”（像是“selenography”）<a href="#cite_note-oed-17">[13]</a>。古希腊<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%8B%92%E6%B6%85" title="塞勒涅">塞勒涅</a>（Selene）和古罗马的狄安娜（Diana）或称辛西娅（Cynthia）<a href="#cite_note-Pannen2010-18">[14]</a>的女神都是月球的名字。辛西娅和塞勒涅是反映月球处于不同轨道期如远月点、近月点的专门术名，狄安娜一名连接死亡，意指白天。 以天體位置來看月球也能稱呼為地衛一（Earth I，Sol IIIa），但以天體位置來稱呼在天文學的術語使用上較為罕见。 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:556px;max-width:556px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">月球</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg/135px-LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg/203px-LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg/270px-LRO_WAC_Nearside_Mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="18000" data-file-height="18000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2" title="月球正面">月球正面</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg/135px-Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg/203px-Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg/270px-Moon_Farside_LRO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="18000" data-file-height="18000" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="月球背面">月球背面</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_(PIA14024).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg/135px-LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg/203px-LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg/270px-LRO_WAC_North_Pole_Mosaic_%28PIA14024%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="18622" data-file-height="18622" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">月球北极</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg/135px-LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg/203px-LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg/270px-LRO_WAC_South_Pole_Mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6082" data-file-height="6082" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">月球南极</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="形成">形成</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：形成">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA#月球的形成" title="月球地質">月球地質 § 月球的形成</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv/250px--Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="250" height="141" data-durationhint="426" data-mwtitle="Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/df/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv/Evolution_of_the_Moon.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEvolution_of_the_Moon.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English‪（en）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEvolution_of_the_Moon.ogv&lang=eu&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="eu" label="euskara‪（eu）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEvolution_of_the_Moon.ogv&lang=fr&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="fr" label="français‪（fr）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEvolution_of_the_Moon.ogv&lang=pap&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pap" label="Papiamentu‪（pap）‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEvolution_of_the_Moon.ogv&lang=ro&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ro" label="română‪（ro）‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video><figcaption>月球的演变和月球之旅</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Big_Splash_V1.0.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Big_Splash_V1.0.gif/200px-Big_Splash_V1.0.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Big_Splash_V1.0.gif/300px-Big_Splash_V1.0.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Big_Splash_V1.0.gif/400px-Big_Splash_V1.0.gif 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a>的动画示意图，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BC%8A%E4%BA%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="忒伊亚">忒伊亚</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>的L5点形成，然后摇摆着进入碰撞轨道。该动画以一年为步进，地球位置不变。视角为从地球<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="南极">南极</a>看去</figcaption></figure> 有数種機制都认为月球形成於45.27億± 0.10億年之前<a href="#cite_note-age-19">[nb 5]</a>，即大約是太陽系誕生之後的3000萬至5000萬年<a href="#cite_note-20">[15]</a>。這些機制包括分裂說、捕獲說和地月同源說（孿生說）等。分裂說认为月球是由于<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E5%8A%9B" title="離心力">離心力</a>從地殼分裂出去<a href="#cite_note-Binder-21">[16]</a>，但要产生如此大的离心力，需要地球在诞生初始时有超高速的自轉<a href="#cite_note-BotM-22">[17]</a>。捕獲說则认为月球是在成型时被地球引力场捕获的天体<a href="#cite_note-Mitler-23">[18]</a>，但这种假说需要地球拥有一個有非常大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%B1%82" title="地球大气层">大氣層</a>來<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%97%E6%95%A3" title="耗散">消耗</a>月球通過時的能量，减缓月球运动速度<a href="#cite_note-BotM-22">[17]</a>。同源說认为地球和月球形成于同一原生<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E7%A7%AF%E7%9B%98" title="吸积盘">吸積盤</a>，但這种假说無法解釋月球上金屬鐵的匱乏<a href="#cite_note-BotM-22">[17]</a>，也不能解釋地月系統的高<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F" title="角动量">角動量</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[19]</a>。 现今主流的地月系統形成理論是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a>：一顆<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>大小的天體（被称为<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BA%9A" title="忒亚">特亚</a>，神话故事中月球女神<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%8B%92%E6%B6%85" title="塞勒涅">塞勒涅</a>的母亲）與原生地球碰撞，爆裂出的物質進入環繞地球的軌道，經由吸積形成月球<a href="#cite_note-taylor1998-25">[20]</a>。 该<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4" title="假说">假说</a>虽然不是很完美，但也许是最好的解释。在1984年10月有关月球起源会议召开前的18个月，比尔·哈特曼（Bill Hartmann）、罗杰·菲利普斯（Roger Phillips）和杰夫·泰勒（Jeff Taylor）挑战月球科学家同事们：“你们有十八个月的时间，下定决心，回到阿波罗数据，回到电脑中，做所有你们必须做的事。不要来参加我们的会议，除非你们有了有关月球诞生的话要说。”1984年夏威夷科纳的会议上，大碰撞假说成为最受欢迎的理论。<blockquote>在会议之前，有三种“传统”理论学派，加上少数开始认真思考大撞击理论的人，以及为数众多，认为辩论永远不能解决问题的中间派。会后，学术界实质上只分为两派：大碰撞阵营和不可知论者<a href="#cite_note-Dana-Mackenzie's-book-26">[21]</a>。</blockquote> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a>认为：在太陽系诞生的早期，巨大的撞擊是很常見的。<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F" title="计算机模拟">電腦模擬</a>的大碰撞模型表明，这样的撞击后产生的双星系统具有充分的角动量匹配目前地月系统的轨道参数，而且也可以解释月球具有相对较小核心的原因。此外，大碰撞說还可以合理解释地月成分的不同：月球的大部分组成成分都來自撞擊前的天体，而并不是原生的地球<a href="#cite_note-27">[22]</a>。但是这个假说仍然不是很完善，例如对<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="隕石">隕石</a>的研究却顯示內太陽系的其他天體，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="灶神星">灶神星</a>等，其氧和鎢的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>成分和地球不同，而地球和月球有非常相似的同位素成分。一个合理的解释是导致地月系形成的撞擊混合了地球和月球形成時挥发的物质，有可能导致两个天体之间同位素的組成变得均衡<a href="#cite_note-Pahlevan2007-28">[23]</a>，但这种解释仍有爭議<a href="#cite_note-29">[24]</a>。 大碰撞中所釋放的大量能量和之後在地球軌道上再作用的物質會熔化地球的外殼，形成岩漿海<a href="#cite_note-Warren1985-30">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[26]</a>。新形成的月球也會產生自己的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B2%A9%E6%BC%BF%E6%B5%B7" title="月球岩漿海">月球岩漿海</a>，估計它的深度范围为500公里（310英里）至1737公里(1079英里)，最深相当于月球自身的半徑<a href="#cite_note-Warren1985-30">[25]</a>。 尽管它准确地解释许多证据，但大撞击假说很难完全解释一切，其中大部分涉及月球的组成成分<a href="#cite_note-32">[27]</a>。 另外一种假说则认为大碰撞产生了两颗在同一轨道上的卫星，一个就是月球，而另外一个较小，直径只有约1000公里。在数千万年后，两个卫星缓慢相撞，最后合二为一。这种假说解释了月球一面地势平坦，另一面则地势起伏不平的原因<a href="#cite_note-33">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[29]</a>。 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:591px;max-width:591px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E6%9A%B4%E6%B4%8B" title="風暴洋">风暴洋</a></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:291px;max-width:291px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/289px-14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg" decoding="async" width="289" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/434px-14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/578px-14-236-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="228" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">古裂谷-矩形结构(可见–地形–<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%9B%9E%E6%BA%AF%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="重力回溯及內部結構實驗室">圣杯号</a>)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:109px;max-width:109px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/107px-PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/161px-PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg/214px-PIA18822-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Overall-20141001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">古裂谷– 背景</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:185px;max-width:185px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:107px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg/183px-PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg/275px-PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg/366px-PIA18821-LunarGrailMission-OceanusProcellarum-Rifts-Closeup-20141001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1546" data-file-height="905" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">古裂谷–特写(艺术想像图).</div></div></div></div></div> 2001年，华盛顿卡耐基研究所的一个研究团队报告了对月球岩石同位素最精确的测量值<a href="#cite_note-wiechert-35">[30]</a>，研究小组惊讶地发现，阿波罗计划所带回岩石的同位素特征，与地球岩石相同，而不同于太阳系几乎所有的天体。这完全出乎于以前认为的进入轨道形成月球的大部分物质都来自于<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BC%8A%E4%BA%9A_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F)" title="忒伊亚 (行星)">忒伊亚</a>的想法。2007年加州理工大学研究人员宣布，忒伊亚同位素特征与地球相同的概率低于1%<a href="#cite_note-ps2007-36">[31]</a>。2012年发表的阿波罗月球样品的钛同位素分析同样表明，月球和地球的组成成分相同，这完全有悖于大碰撞假说预期的月亮形成于远离地球的轨道或来自忒伊亞。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="物理特性">物理特性</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：物理特性">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:208px;max-width:208px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Phase-180.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The dark irregular mare lava plains are prominent in the fully illuminated disk. A single bright star of ejecta, with rays stretching a third of the way across the disk, emblazons the lower centre: this is the crater Tycho." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Phase-180.jpg/100px-Phase-180.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Phase-180.jpg/150px-Phase-180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Phase-180.jpg/200px-Phase-180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2" title="月球正面">月球正面</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="This full disk is nearly featureless, a uniform grey surface with no dark mare. There are many bright overlapping dots of impact craters." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg/100px-Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg/150px-Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg/200px-Far-Side-Phase-180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="月球背面">月球背面</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">月海</a>较少<a href="#cite_note-37">[32]</a>。</div></div></div></div></div> 月球是地球的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="同步自轉">同步自轉</a>卫星，它繞軸自轉的週期與繞地球的公转周期是相同的，這使得它幾乎永遠以同一面朝向地球。它之前以較快的速度旋轉，在后来由于地球产生<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%9B" title="潮汐力">潮汐</a>摩擦，让其自转速度减慢，直到最后以同一面持续面对地球，即<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E9%8E%96%E5%AE%9A" title="潮汐鎖定">潮汐锁定</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[33]</a>。我们将月球朝向地球的一面被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2" title="月球正面">正面</a>，而相對的另一面则稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="月球背面">背面</a>，背面通常也稱為"暗面"，但是事實上它如同正面一樣会被照亮。当<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">月相</a>为新月时，我们看到月球的正面是黑暗的，而月球的背面则被太阳照亮<a href="#cite_note-39">[34]</a>。 月球是一个南北極稍扁、赤道稍許隆起的扁球。它的平均極半徑比赤道半徑短500米。南北極區也不對稱，北極區隆起，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81" class="mw-redirect" title="南极">南極</a>區窪陷約400米。但在一般計算中仍可把月球當作三軸橢圓體看待。物理天平動的研究有助於解決月球形狀問題。通過天平動研究還表明，月球重心和幾何中心並不重合，重心偏向地球2公里。這一結論已為<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%99%BB%E6%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波罗登月">阿波羅登月</a>獲得的資料所證實。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="表面地形">表面地形</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：表面地形">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MoonTopoLOLA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Topography of the Moon measured from the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter on the mission Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, referenced to a sphere of radius 1737.4 km" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/MoonTopoLOLA.png/190px-MoonTopoLOLA.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/MoonTopoLOLA.png/285px-MoonTopoLOLA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/MoonTopoLOLA.png/380px-MoonTopoLOLA.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="551" /></a><figcaption>月球的地形</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2" title="月球表面">月球表面</a></div> 科学家曾經使用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%B8%AC%E9%AB%98%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雷射測高儀（页面不存在）">雷射測高儀</a>和<a href="/wiki/3D%E7%9C%BC%E9%8F%A1" title="3D眼鏡">立體影像分析</a>对月球表面的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="地形">地形</a>进行測量<a href="#cite_note-40">[35]</a>。月球表面最明顯的地形特徵是位于背面的巨大撞擊坑<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5-%E8%89%BE%E6%89%98%E8%82%AF%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="南極-艾托肯盆地">南極-艾托肯盆地</a>，其直徑有2,240公里，是月球上最大的隕石坑，也是太陽系中已知最大的<a href="#cite_note-Spudis1994-41">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[37]</a>。它的底部是月球上海拔最低的地方，深度達到13公里<a href="#cite_note-Spudis1994-41">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[38]</a>。而月球海拔最高的地點则正好就在它的東南方，有人認為這個區域是造成南極-艾托肯盆地的撞擊所形成的隆起<a href="#cite_note-44">[39]</a>。月球上的其它大撞擊盆地，如<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E6%B5%B7" title="雨海">雨海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%84%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA" title="澄海区">澄海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E6%B5%B7" title="危海">危海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF%E6%B5%B7" title="史密斯海">史密斯海</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E6%B5%B7" title="東方海">東方海</a>等，也都擁有低海拔的區域和高聳的邊緣<a href="#cite_note-Spudis1994-41">[36]</a>。月球背面的平均高度比正面高1.9公里<a href="#cite_note-W06-45">[40]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="火山地形">火山地形</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：火山地形">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">月海</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg/150px-14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg/225px-14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg/300px-14284-Moon-Maskelyne-LRO-20141012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1082" data-file-height="1082" /></a><figcaption>月球火山活动的证据</figcaption></figure> 在月球表面上用肉眼可以清楚看見有黑暗的，相對平坦的平原，我们称之为<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">月海</a>，這是因為古代的天文學家認為这些地方充滿了<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[41]</a>。現在，我們知道这些黑暗部分是古代火山爆发后熔岩浆在窪地凝結成的廣大<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%B2%A9" title="玄武岩">玄武岩</a>。和地球的玄武岩類似，月海中的玄武岩含有豐富的鐵，而完全缺乏因水流過而出现的礦物<a href="#cite_note-47">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[43]</a>。大多數噴發的熔岩浆流入與<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="撞击坑">撞擊盆地</a>相連接的窪地，形成月海。现在科学家已经在月球正面的月海中發現幾個拥有<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%BE%E7%8B%80%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="盾狀火山">盾狀火山</a>和火山穹頂的地質分區<a href="#cite_note-49">[44]</a>，这些是熔岩浆凝結形成月海的证据。 幾乎所有的月海都位于月球正面，占正面面積的31%<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>，相較之下，在月球背面只有少數的月海，只涵蓋了背面2%的面積<a href="#cite_note-51">[46]</a>。這被認為和通过<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%85" title="月球探勘者">月球探勘者</a>的伽瑪射線光譜儀所描绘的月球化學圖上所看見在月球正面地殼下的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%99%AE%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9" title="克里普矿物">生熱元素的濃縮</a>有关。生熱元素的濃縮會造成地函下的溫度上升，部分熔解，并上升到表面造成噴發<a href="#cite_note-S06-52">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[49]</a>。大部分<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">玄武岩</a>的噴發都出現在30至35億年前的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="月球地质年代">雨海紀</a>，但也有少部分样本的辐射定年显示其形成于更古老的42亿年<a href="#cite_note-Papike-55">[50]</a>，也有一些相对年轻的样品，最年輕的噴發物經由<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91%E8%A8%88%E6%95%B8" title="撞擊坑計數">撞擊坑計數</a>测定年限发现其发生在12億年前<a href="#cite_note-Hiesinger-56">[51]</a>。 月球上較亮的部分被稱為“高地”，因為它們高於大多數的月海。經由輻射定年測定它們是於44億年前形成的，这意味着这些高地可能是在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B2%A9%E6%BC%BF%E6%B5%B7" title="月球岩漿海">月球岩漿海</a>形成时的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E9%95%B7%E5%B2%A9" title="斜長岩">斜長岩</a>堆積所产生的<a href="#cite_note-Papike-55">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hiesinger-56">[51]</a>。月球上沒有任何一個主要的山脈被认为由地质構造事件产生的，这和地球的情况刚好相反<a href="#cite_note-57">[52]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="撞擊坑">撞擊坑</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：撞擊坑">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%92%B0%E5%BD%A2%E5%B1%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球環形山列表">月球環形山列表</a></div>平均每天月球都會承受超過3噸宇宙物質的撞擊<a href="#cite_note-58">[53]</a>，當中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a>撞擊月球表面時會形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="撞击坑">撞擊坑</a>，是另一個主要會影響月球表面地形的主要地質事件<a href="#cite_note-59">[54]</a>。现在估計单在月球正面直徑大於1公里的隕石坑就大約有300,000個<a href="#cite_note-60">[55]</a>，其中有些隕石坑以知名的學者、科學家、藝術家和探險家的名字<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="月面学">命名</a><a href="#cite_note-gazetteer-61">[56]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="月球地质年代">月球地質年代</a>是根据月面上的重大陨石撞击事件进行分界，包括在<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%92%E6%B5%B7%E7%BA%AA" title="酒海纪">酒海</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A9%E9%9B%A8%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%96" title="早雨海世">雨海</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E6%B5%B7" title="東方海">東方海</a>等的撞击事件。这些撞击事件的結構特徵是产生多層物質隆起的環，通常是由數百至數千公里直徑的圍裙状噴發物沉積形成一個區域性的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%B1%82%E5%AD%A6" title="地层学">地層視界</a><a href="#cite_note-geologic-62">[57]</a>。由于月球没有大氣層、天氣变化，在最近几十亿年也没有地質活動，大部分環形山都保存得很完好。雖然有幾個多環盆地明顯的已經很久遠，它們還是能用於分派相對的年齡。由於撞擊坑是以恆定的速率累積，計算單位面積內的撞擊坑數目可以用來估計表面的年齡<a href="#cite_note-geologic-62">[57]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波羅任務</a>收集撞擊熔化的岩石以輻射測定年齡，群集在38億和41億年的年齡：這已被用來解释撞擊的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%9C%9F%E9%87%8D%E8%BD%9F%E7%82%B8%E6%9C%9F" title="後期重轟炸期">後期重轟炸期</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[58]</a>。 覆蓋在月球地殼上的是高度<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E7%A2%8E" title="粉碎">粉碎的</a>（碎裂成更小的顆粒）和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E8%8A%B1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="撞擊花園（页面不存在）">撞擊園藝</a>下的表面層稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91" title="表岩屑">風化層</a>，是由撞擊過程形成的。最細微的風化層，是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A1%85" title="二氧化硅">二氧化矽</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="月球土壤">月球土壤</a>玻璃狀物體，有著像雪一樣的紋理和聞起來像用過的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%8D%AF" title="火药">火藥</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[59]</a>。較老的風化層表面一般比年輕的表面厚；在高地的厚度在10-20米之間，在海的厚度則是3-5米。<a href="#cite_note-65">[60]</a> 在細緻的粉碎風化層下面是“粗風化層（megaregolith）”，厚達數公里高度碎裂的基岩<a href="#cite_note-66">[61]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="表面地質">表面地質</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：表面地質">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="月球地質">月球地質</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg/800px-1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="386" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg/1200px-1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg/1600px-1-250%E4%B8%87%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A8%E6%9C%88%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%9B%BE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8000" data-file-height="3863" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="中国科学院">中国科学院</a>制作的1:250万月球全月地质图</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Composition_of_lunar_soil.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Composition_of_lunar_soil.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="179" /></a><figcaption>月球表面各元素相对含量(按重量的%)</figcaption></figure> 月球表面的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="化学元素">化学元素</a>分布极不均。按照其<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="丰度">丰度</a>依次为：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">硅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">铁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">镁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">钙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">铝</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">锰</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">钛</a>。氧的含量估计为42%（按重量）。<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>只有痕迹，似乎只存在于<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E9%A3%8E" title="太阳风">太阳风</a>带来的微量沉积中，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氢</a>主要集中在月球的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E7%9A%84%E6%A5%B5" title="天體的極">两极</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[62]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="月岩">月岩</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：月岩">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">月岩</a></div> 月球表面主要有四类<a href="/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="岩石">岩石</a>：月海<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%B2%A9" title="玄武岩">玄武岩</a>、高地岩石（主要包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E9%95%BF%E5%B2%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="斜长岩">斜长岩</a>与富镁的结晶岩套）、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%99%AE%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9" title="克里普矿物">克里普岩</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%A0%BE%E5%B2%A9" title="角砾岩">角砾岩</a>，且分布不均。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="月壤">月壤</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：月壤">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="月壤">月壤</a></div> 月壤是月球表面的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%BE%84" class="mw-redirect" title="粒径">细微</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91" title="表岩屑">表岩屑</a>，主要是<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%B2%A9" title="玄武岩">玄武岩</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E9%95%BF%E5%B2%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="斜长岩">斜长岩</a>物理崩解的结果，由多年来持续的<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="撞擊事件">流星撞击</a>和太阳及星际带电粒子轰击所造成。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="內部構造">內部構造</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：內部構造">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="月球內部構造">月球內部構造</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moon_diagram.svg/150px-Moon_diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moon_diagram.svg/225px-Moon_diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Moon_diagram.svg/300px-Moon_diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>月球的結構</figcaption></figure> 月球是一个已經<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%88%86%E7%95%B0" title="行星分異">分異</a>的天體，即它拥有<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%A3%B3" title="地壳">地殼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%B9%94" title="地幔">地函</a>、和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%A0%B8%E5%BF%83" title="行星核心">核心</a>。月球的內核富含固態鐵，半徑大約为240公里，此外還有一個流體的外核，主要成分是液態鐵，半徑大約为300公里。核心周圍是部分熔融的邊界層，約有500公里的宽度<a href="#cite_note-68">[63]</a>邊界層結構是在45億年前月球形成不久之後，由<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B2%A9%E6%BC%BF%E6%B5%B7" title="月球岩漿海">月球岩漿海</a>通過分離結晶形成的<a href="#cite_note-69">[64]</a>。岩漿海的結晶可以經由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E6%BE%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="沉澱">沉澱</a>形成由<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81%E9%93%81%E8%B4%A8" title="镁铁质">鎂鐵質</a>和沉積的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%A6%84%E7%9F%B3" title="橄榄石">橄欖石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="辉石">斜輝石</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="辉石">斜方輝石</a>等礦物组成的地函。四分之三的岩漿海結晶之後，可能形成密度較低的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E9%95%BF%E7%9F%B3" title="斜长石">斜長石</a>并浮在地殼的頂部<a href="#cite_note-S06-52">[47]</a>。最後才由液體結晶的部分會被夾在地殼和地函之間，並且含有大量<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%A2%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%9B%B8%E5%AE%B9%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="形式系统相容性">不相容</a>和發熱的元素<a href="#cite_note-W06-45">[40]</a>和之相符的是從月球軌道上遥感繪製的月球地質化學圖也顯示其地殼幾乎都是由<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%9C%E9%95%B7%E5%B2%A9" title="斜長岩">斜長岩</a>组成<a href="#cite_note-L06-6">[4]</a>。通过对部分熔融的地函噴發出的熔岩流冷凝下来的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">月岩</a>樣本的研究，科学家確認地函含有比地球更豐富的鐵，其主要成分是鎂鐵質<a href="#cite_note-W06-45">[40]</a>。通过地球物理技術发现月球地殼的平均厚度約為50公里左右<a href="#cite_note-W06-45">[40]</a>。 月球是太陽系內密度第二高的衛星，仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="木卫一">木衛一埃歐</a><a href="#cite_note-Schubert2004-70">[65]</a>。但是月球的內核並不大，半徑大約是350公里甚至更小<a href="#cite_note-W06-45">[40]</a>，只佔月球大小的約20%，相較之下，其它<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%BB%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="类地行星">地球型天體</a>的比例約為50%。它的組成尚不是完全清楚，可能是由金屬鐵组成，同时含有少量<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">鎳</a>。对月球隨著時間變化轉動的分析顯示月球核心至少仍有部分是熔融的<a href="#cite_note-71">[66]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="重力和磁場">重力和磁場</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：重力和磁場">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MareSmithiiTG.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/MareSmithiiTG.jpg/150px-MareSmithiiTG.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/MareSmithiiTG.jpg/225px-MareSmithiiTG.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/MareSmithiiTG.jpg/300px-MareSmithiiTG.jpg 2x" data-file-width="513" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>位於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF%E6%B5%B7" title="史密斯海">史密斯海</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%8B%E7%BB%98%E5%AD%A6" title="测绘学">测绘圖</a>（上圖）及對應之<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="引力">引力圖</a>（下圖）顯示，这个地方有一個和地形相反的質量瘤</figcaption></figure> 月球表面的引力约为地球的六分之一。月球的重力場已经通过围绕月球旋转的探测器發射无线电信号的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="多普勒效应">多普勒效应</a>所測量的。月球重力場主要的特徵是拥有<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E7%98%A4" title="質量瘤">质量瘤</a>，即在一些巨大的<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="撞击坑">撞擊盆地</a>却反而出现较重的重力分布，这可能與组成这些盆地的玄武岩熔岩流密度较大有關係<a href="#cite_note-72">[67]</a>，這些異常對環繞月球軌道的太空船有極大的影響，如果经月球这些地域时，假如太空船与月面距离足够低，而且轨道不加修正的话，那么太空船会在数个月或数年间在月球表面坠毁。但令人困惑的是，熔岩流密度本身不足以完全解釋重力异常，有一些質量瘤的存在明显和月海中的火山作用形成的熔岩流无关<a href="#cite_note-73">[68]</a>。 月球拥有一個外在<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>，其強度不到<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%A3%81%E5%9C%BA" title="地磁场">地球磁場</a>百分之一，範圍在1至數百<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89_(%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D)" title="特斯拉 (单位)">特士拉</a>之间。已发现月球上有类似质量瘤的异常的磁场区。这些磁场区有明显不同于其他地方的磁场强度。天体液體金屬核心可以生成的全球性<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%99%E6%A5%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雙極（页面不存在）">雙極性</a>磁場，但现在月球的磁場并不是由液體金屬核心产生的，而可能是在月球演化的歷史早期被磁化而一直保留至今的地殼磁場<a href="#cite_note-GB2009-74">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-75">[70]</a>，月球磁场另一種可能来源是在大碰撞事件期間生成的瞬態磁場殘餘的磁化，通過撞擊產生的電漿雲包圍，擴大了磁場的范围，这种说法受到最大的地殼磁場撞擊盆地對面出現<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E8%B9%A0%E9%BB%9E" title="對蹠點">對蹠點</a>的支持<a href="#cite_note-76">[71]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大氣層">大氣層</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：大氣層">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="月球大氣層">月球大氣層</a></div> 月球有一個非常稀薄、接近<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA" title="真空">真空</a>的大氣層，總質量低於10公噸<a href="#cite_note-77">[72]</a>。如此小的大气質量在月球表面產生的壓力大約是3 × 10−15<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大气压">atm</a>（0.3nPa），数值随着月球一天的时间不同而改变。月球大气的來源包括<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%BA%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="出氣（页面不存在）">出氣</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%85%E5%B0%84" title="溅射">濺射</a>，如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E9%A3%8E" title="太阳风">太陽風</a>的離子轟極月球表面釋放出的原子<a href="#cite_note-L06-6">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[73]</a>。过往曾經檢測到由濺射產生的原子包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">鈉</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">鉀</a>，相同的情况也曾在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="木卫一">木衛一埃歐</a>的大氣中發現過。月球大气的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦-4</a>來自太陽風，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">氬-40</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡-222</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">釙-210</a>则來自月球地函相关元素<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7" title="放射性">放射性衰變</a>後的濺射<a href="#cite_note-Stern1999-79">[74]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[75]</a>。但月球大气中缺乏存在於月球<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91" title="表岩屑">表岩屑</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">鎂</a>等自然元素的原子或分子，目前原因尚不清楚<a href="#cite_note-Stern1999-79">[74]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B91%E5%8F%B7" title="月船1号">月船1號</a>已經在月球大气中發現水蒸氣的存在，其含量隨著月球纬度的不同而改變，大約在纬度为60-70度时水蒸气的含量最高。这些水蒸气可能是由月球表面表岩屑的水冰<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E5%8D%8E" title="升华">升華</a>而生成的<a href="#cite_note-Sridharan2010-81">[76]</a>。月球大气层的氣體有些被月球的重力吸引回到表岩屑，有些由于太陽的輻射壓，或者被太陽風的電離後逃逸到太空中<a href="#cite_note-Stern1999-79">[74]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="季節">季節</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：季節">编辑</a>]</div> 月球的轉軸傾角只有1.54°，遠小於地球的23.44°。由於這個緣故，太陽照射對月球季節變化的影響很小，反而是月球表面地形对季節变化有重要作用<a href="#cite_note-bbc-82">[77]</a>。在2004年，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E6%99%AE%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="约翰·霍普金斯大学">约翰·霍普金斯大学</a>的Ben Bussey博士率領的小組研究克萊芒蒂娜探测器在1994年獲得的影像，發現位于月球北極的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF_(%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皮爾斯 (火山口)（页面不存在）">皮爾斯環形山</a>邊緣有4個区域在整個月球日中都被陽光所照亮，形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%BC%E5%B3%B0" title="永昼峰">永晝峰</a>，而在月球南極地区沒有类似的区域。而在極區的許多環形山底部是永久黑暗的，没有受到阳光照射<a href="#cite_note-M03-83">[78]</a>。這些黑暗的環形山底部是極低溫的：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B5%8B%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8" title="月球勘测轨道飞行器">月球勘測軌道飛行器</a>在夏天的南極環形山底部測得的最低溫度是35K（−238 °C）<a href="#cite_note-84">[79]</a>，而在接近冬至时在北極測得<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9%E7%8E%AF%E5%BD%A2%E5%B1%B1" title="埃尔米特环形山">埃尔米特环形山</a>的溫度只有26K（−247 °C）。這个温度比<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a>的表面溫度還要低，是太空船在太陽系中所測得的最低溫度<a href="#cite_note-bbc-82">[77]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水的存在">水的存在</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：水的存在">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球的水（页面不存在）">月球的水</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_South_Pole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Twenty degrees of latitude of the Moon's disk, completely covered in the overlapping circles of craters. The illumination angles are from all directions, keeping almost all the crater floors in sunlight, but a set of merged crater floors right at the south pole are completely shadowed." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Moon_South_Pole.jpg/150px-Moon_South_Pole.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Moon_South_Pole.jpg/225px-Moon_South_Pole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Moon_South_Pole.jpg/300px-Moon_South_Pole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7943" data-file-height="7943" /></a><figcaption>由<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E9%96%80%E6%B1%80%E8%99%9F" title="克萊門汀號">克莱门汀号</a>拍攝的月球南極馬賽克圖：請注意極地的永久陰影</figcaption></figure> 月球的表面不存在液態水，因為太陽輻射會使水被<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%A7%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="光解">光解</a>并快速逸入太空。但從1960年代以來，科學家假設由<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a>撞擊所帶來的水、或者來自<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E9%A3%8E" title="太阳风">太陽風</a>的氫和含氧豐富的月岩反應所產生的水，都可能以冰的型態沉積下來，并在月球兩極撞擊坑低溫的永久陰影區留下可以追蹤得到的痕跡<a href="#cite_note-Margot1999-85">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[81]</a>。電腦模擬月面的永久陰影區約有14,000平方公里<a href="#cite_note-M03-83">[78]</a>。在月球上可用水的數量是一個重要的因素，可以決定建設一個<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="月球殖民">月球適居區</a>計畫的成本效益，因為從地球運水到月球的費用極為昂貴<a href="#cite_note-seedhouse2009-87">[82]</a>。 近年來，已經在月球表面發現水的特徵<a href="#cite_note-moonwater_18032010-88">[83]</a>。在1994年，安裝在<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E8%8A%92%E8%92%82%E5%A8%9C_(%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9)" class="mw-redirect" title="克萊芒蒂娜 (太空船)">克萊門汀號</a>太空船的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E8%8A%92%E8%92%82%E5%A8%9C%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="克萊芒蒂娜任務（页面不存在）">雙向雷達實驗</a>，顯示有少量、冰凍的水存在接近表面的凹穴內。但是，後續使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%9B%B7%E8%A5%BF%E5%8D%9A%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B0" title="阿雷西博天文台">阿雷西博天文台</a>的雷達觀測，又認為此一發現可能是由新撞擊坑中的岩石近被撞擊的岩石噴出的<a href="#cite_note-89">[84]</a>。在1998年，月球勘探者攜帶的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%8E%A2%E8%80%85#中子能譜計(NS)" class="mw-redirect" title="月球勘探者">中子能譜計</a>顯示，在極地附近深度1米的風化層存在著高濃度的氫<a href="#cite_note-Feldman1998-90">[85]</a>。在2008年，對一顆由阿波羅15號帶回的熔岩珠的分析，顯示有微量的水存在於球状硅酸盐玻璃內<a href="#cite_note-Saal2008-91">[86]</a>。 在2008年，印度的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B91%E5%8F%B7" title="月船1号">月船1號</a>太空船使用在載<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9%E7%B9%AA%E5%9C%96%E5%84%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球礦物繪圖儀（页面不存在）">月球礦物繪圖儀</a>確認表面有水冰的存在。分光計觀測在反射的陽光中偵測到<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA" title="羟基">羥基</a>的通用吸收譜線，提供了有大量水冰在月球表面的證據。太空船顯示濃度可能高達1000<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BE%E8%90%AC%E5%88%86%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="百萬分之（页面不存在）">PPM</a><a href="#cite_note-Pieters2009-92">[87]</a>。在2009年，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9D%91%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%92%8C%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="月球坑观测和传感卫星">月球坑觀測和傳感衛星</a>送了一個2,300公斤的撞擊器到極區永久陰暗的環形山，並且從噴出的羽狀物質中至少檢測到100公斤的水<a href="#cite_note-Planetary-93">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-Colaprete-94">[89]</a>。LCROSS另一個實驗的數據顯示偵測到的水量，更靠近155公斤（± 12公斤）<a href="#cite_note-Colaprete2010-95">[90]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="與地球的關係">與地球的關係</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：與地球的關係">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Earth has a pronounced axial tilt; the Moon's orbit is not perpendicular to Earth's axis, but lies close to the Earth's orbital plane." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG/350px-Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG" decoding="async" width="350" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG/525px-Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG/700px-Earth-Moon-zh-Hant.PNG 2x" data-file-width="860" data-file-height="545" /></a><figcaption>地月系統的示意圖（未依一致的比例）</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="軌道">軌道</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：軌道">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" title="月球軌道">月球軌道</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E8%AA%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="月球運動說">月球運動說</a></div> 月球相對於固定的恆星以27.32天的週期完整地繞行軌道一周。更正確的說，月球的平恆星週期是27.321661天(27d 07h 43m 11.5s)，和平回歸週期（從分點至分點）是27.321582天(27d 07h 43m 04.7s)（“天文曆書的補充解釋”, 1961, at p.107）（它的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">恆星週期</a>）。然而，因為地球間同時間也繞著太陽轉，它對地球呈現相同<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E4%BD%8D" title="相位">相位</a>的時間就會較長，大約是29.53天<a href="#cite_note-synpd-96">[nb 6]</a>（它的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">會合週期</a>）<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。與其他行星大多數的衛星不同，月球的軌道比較接近<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="黄道平面">黃道平面</a>，而不是地球的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道平面</a>。月球的軌道受到太陽和地球而有許多小、複雜並且相互影響而難解的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E5%8B%95" title="攝動">攝動</a>，例如月球軌道平面的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8B%95" title="進動">漸進轉動</a>，這影響到月球其它的運動狀態。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="卡西尼定律">卡西尼定律</a>以數學敘述出後續的影響<a href="#cite_note-Beletskii2-97">[91]</a>。 其中主要的軌道變化有：偏心率變化、軌道傾角變化、拱線運動、交點西退、中心差。 <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif/600px-Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif" decoding="async" width="600" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif/900px-Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Speed_of_light_from_Earth_to_Moon.gif 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="92" /></a><figcaption>地球和月球，按比例顯示它們的大小和距離。黃色條表示在1.26秒中光脈衝旅行從地球到月球 (約 400,000 km or 250,000 mi)</figcaption></figure> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="偏心率變化">偏心率變化</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：偏心率變化">编辑</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/350px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif" decoding="async" width="350" height="350" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/525px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/700px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption>太空深處氣候觀測衛星（DSCOVR）所拍攝到的月球從地球前方掠過的景象</figcaption></figure> 月球軌道偏心率變化在1/15到1/23的範圍內，偏心率的平均值為0.0549，接近1/18。 嚴格來說，地球與月球圍繞<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%BF%83" title="質心">共同質心</a>運轉，共同質心距地心4,671公里（即地球半徑的2/3處）。由於共同質心在地球表面以下，地球圍繞共同質心的運動好像是在「晃動」一般。從地球北極上空觀看，地球和月球均以逆時針方向自轉；而且月球也是以逆時針繞地運行；甚至地球也是以逆時針繞日公轉的。 很多人不明白為什麼月球軌道傾角和月球自轉軸傾角的數值會有這麼大的變化。其實，軌道傾角是相對於中心天體（即地球）而言的，而自轉軸傾角則相對於衛星（即月球）本身的軌道面。這個定義習慣很適合一般情況（例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="人造衛星">人造衛星</a>的軌道）而且數值是相當固定的，但月球卻非如此。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="拱線運動">拱線運動</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：拱線運動">编辑</a>]</div> 月球圍繞地球的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%AD%E5%9C%86" title="椭圆">橢圓</a>軌道，在它自己的平面上也不是固定的，其橢圓的拱線（近地點和遠地點的連線）沿月球公轉方向向前移動，每8.85年移動一周。中國早在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89" title="东汉">東漢</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E9%80%B5_(%E4%B8%9C%E6%B1%89)" title="贾逵 (东汉)">賈逵</a>就提出月球視運動的最疾點每九年運動一周，這實際上正是拱線運動的結果。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="軌道傾角變化">軌道傾角變化</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：軌道傾角變化">编辑</a>]</div> 月球軌道（白道）對地球軌道（黃道）的交角（黄白交角）變化在4°57～5°19之間，平均值為5°09。 月球的軌道平面（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%81%93%E9%9D%A2" title="白道面">白道面</a>）與<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%81%93%E9%9D%A2" title="黃道面">黃道面</a>（地球的公转軌道平面）保持著5.145 396°的夾角，而月球自轉軸則與黃道面的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E7%BA%BF" title="法线">法線</a>成1.5424°的夾角。因為地球並非完美球形，而是在赤道較為隆起，因此白道面在不斷<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8B%95" title="進動">進動</a>（即與黃道的交點在順時針轉動），每6793.5天（18.5966年）完成一周。期間，白道面相對於地球赤道面（地球赤道面以23.45°傾斜於黃道面）的夾角會由28.60°（即23.45°+ 5.15°）至18.30°（即23.45°- 5.15°）之間變化。同樣地，月球自轉軸與白道面的夾角亦會介乎6.69°（即5.15° + 1.54°）及3.60°（即5.15° - 1.54°）。月球軌道這些變化又會反過來影響地球自轉軸的傾角，使它出現±0.002 56°的擺動，稱為<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%A0%E5%8B%95" title="章動">章動</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="交點西退">交點西退</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节：交點西退">编辑</a>]</div> 白道與黃道的交線，其空間位置並不固定，而是不斷地向西運動，每18.6年運行一周。這一現象早在東漢末年就為<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%B4%AA" title="刘洪">劉洪</a>發現，並用於月食預報計算中。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="中心差">中心差</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节：中心差">编辑</a>]</div> 由於月球軌道是橢圓而不是圓形，月球公轉速度並不均勻。月球運動同均勻的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E5%91%A8%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="圓周運動">圓周運動</a>比較，時而超前，時而落後，其半振幅為6°.29，週期為27.55455日。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="幾何天秤動">幾何天秤動</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节：幾何天秤動">编辑</a>]</div> 由於月球軌道為橢圓形，當月球處於<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E7%82%B9" title="近地点">近地點</a>時，它的自轉速度便追不上公轉速度，因此我們可見月面東部達東經98度的地區，相反，當月處於<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E5%9C%B0%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="遠地點">遠地點</a>時，自轉速度比公轉速度快，因此我們可見月面西部達西經98度的地區。這種現象稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">經天秤動</a>。又由於月球的自轉軸傾斜於公轉軌道平面（<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%81%93%E9%9D%A2" title="白道面">白道面</a>），而白道與黃道又有約5度的交角，因此月球繞地球公轉一周時，極區會作約7度的晃動，這種現象稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">緯天秤動</a>。再者，由於月球距離地球只有60地球半徑之遙，若觀測者從月出觀測至月落，觀測點便有了一個地球直徑的位移，可多見月面經度1度的地區。這種現象稱為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">周日天秤動</a>。 如同絕大多數天體運行，月球繞地球的長期軌道痕跡是一個甜甜圈，月球軌道遠離的現象會到目前軌道的大約1.4倍為止，然後再慢慢繞回來。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="相對大小">相對大小</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节：相對大小">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EarthAndMoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The dark shadowed disk of the Moon moves across the face of the quarter-phase Earth, covering only a small part of the cloud-swirled semicircle." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/EarthAndMoon.jpg/280px-EarthAndMoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/EarthAndMoon.jpg/420px-EarthAndMoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/EarthAndMoon.jpg/560px-EarthAndMoon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>在5,000萬公里的距離上拍攝的地球和月球大小的比較<a href="#cite_note-98">[92]</a></figcaption></figure> 月球相對於地球的大小是最大的：直徑略大于地球的四分之一，質量约为1/81<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。就衛星與行星的相對大小比例來說，它是太陽系最大的衛星（雖然<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="冥卫一">冥衛一凱倫</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="矮行星">矮行星</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a>相對來說更大）<a href="#cite_note-99">[93]</a>。 然而，地球和月球仍然被認為是一種行星-衛星系統，而不是雙行星系統，因為它們的<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83#天文物理和天文質心" class="mw-redirect" title="質量中心">質心</a>，一般所謂的質量中心，位於地球表面之下约1,700公里处<a href="#cite_note-100">[94]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="潮汐效應">潮汐效應</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节：潮汐效應">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%9B" title="潮汐力">潮汐力</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F" title="潮汐加速">潮汐加速</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">潮汐</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潮汐理論（页面不存在）">潮汐理論</a></div> 地球上的潮汐主要是來自月球牽引地球兩側引力強度的漸進變化的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%9B" title="潮汐力">潮汐力</a>造成的。這在地球上造成兩處隆起，最明显的是<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">海潮</a>和海平面的升高<a href="#cite_note-Lambeck1977-101">[95]</a>。由於地球自轉的速度大約是月球環繞地球速度的27倍，因此這個隆起在地球表面上被拖曳的速度比月球的移動還快，大約一天繞著地球的轉軸旋轉一圈<a href="#cite_note-Lambeck1977-101">[95]</a>。海潮會受到一些影響而增強：水經過海底時的摩擦力與地球自轉的耦合，水移動時的<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%AF%E6%80%A7%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="惯性原理">慣性</a>，接近陸地的平坦海灘，和不同海洋盆地之間的振盪<a href="#cite_note-102">[96]</a>。太陽的引力對地球海潮的影響大約是月球的一半，它們相互的引力影響造成了<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90#變動的範圍：大潮和小潮" title="潮汐">大潮和小潮</a><a href="#cite_note-Lambeck1977-101">[95]</a>。 <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_(continuous_loop).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Over one lunar month more than half of the Moon's surface can be seen from the surface of the Earth." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif/220px-Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif/330px-Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif/440px-Lunar_libration_with_phase_Oct_2007_%28continuous_loop%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption>單獨一個月的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">天秤動</a></figcaption></figure> 月球和靠近月球一側隆起的重力耦合對地球的自轉產生了一個<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E7%9F%A9" title="力矩">扭矩</a>，從地球的自轉中消耗了<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%8A%A8%E9%87%8F" title="角动量">角動量</a>和轉動的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E8%83%BD" title="动能">動能</a><a href="#cite_note-Lambeck1977-101">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-touma1994-103">[97]</a>。反過來，角動量被添加到月球軌道，使月球加速，使得月球升到更高的軌道和有更長的軌道週期。結果是，月球和地球的距離<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F" title="潮汐加速">增加</a>，和地球的自轉減緩<a href="#cite_note-touma1994-103">[97]</a>。通過<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波邏任務</a>安裝在月球表面上的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%B7%9D%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="月球激光测距实验">月球測距儀</a>，測量月球到地球的距離，發現地月距離每年增加38毫米<a href="#cite_note-104">[98]</a>（雖然每年只是月球軌道半徑的0.1 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parts-per_notation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parts-per notation（页面不存在）">ppb</a>）。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%90%98" title="原子鐘">原子鐘</a>也顯示地球的自轉的一天，每年約減緩15<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E9%87%8F%E7%BA%A7_(%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4)" title="数量级 (时间)">微秒</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[99]</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8F%E8%B0%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%97%B6" title="协调世界时">UTC</a>的緩慢增加被<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%B0%E7%A7%92" title="闰秒">閏秒</a>加以調整。潮汐拖曳會繼續進行，直到地球的自轉速度減緩到與月球的軌道週期吻合；然而，在這之前，太陽已經成為<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E5%B7%A8%E6%98%9F#太陽成為紅巨星" title="紅巨星">紅巨星</a>，吞噬掉地球<a href="#cite_note-106">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[101]</a>。 月球表面也能體驗到周期約27天，振幅約10公分的潮汐，它有兩種成分：因為它的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="同步自轉">同步自轉</a>，來自地球的是固定的；和來自太陽的變動<a href="#cite_note-touma1994-103">[97]</a>。來自地球噵致的量是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">天秤動</a>，這是月球軌道離心率造成的結果；如果月球軌道是理想的圓，就只會有太陽造成的潮汐<a href="#cite_note-touma1994-103">[97]</a>。天秤動會改變從地球看見的角度變化，使得從地球可以看見59%的月球表面（但在任何時間看見的都略少於一半）<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。這些潮汐力累積的應力會造成<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9C%87" title="月震">月震</a>。雖然每次震動可以持續至一小時以上－明顯的比地震的時間長－因為缺乏水來阻尼震動的振幅，但月震不如地震的頻繁，也比地震微弱。月震的存在是1969年到1972年的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波羅</a>太空人安放在月球上的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%84%80" title="地震儀">地震儀</a>的一個意外發現<a href="#cite_note-108">[102]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="從地球看月球">從地球看月球</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节：從地球看月球">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%85%A7#地照" title="行星照">行星照 § 地照</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A7%80%E6%B8%AC" title="月球觀測">月球觀測</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/220px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/330px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg/440px-Full_Moon_Luc_Viatour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1411" data-file-height="1424" /></a><figcaption>從比利時<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%AB%E7%93%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="阿莫瓦">阿莫瓦</a>（Hamois）拍攝到的滿月景象</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="月相">月相</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节：月相">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">月相</a></div> 在<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%9C%88" title="满月">滿月</a>期間，月球的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" title="星等">視亮度</a>約有-12.6等（作為參考，太陽的視亮度為-26.8等。），在夜間最容易察覺得到，但它有時也可在日間看見。（例如上弦月可於下午看見，下弦月可於早上看見。） 地衛一大约每天推迟50分钟从<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%96%B9" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="东方">东方</a>升起。但正史中也有一些奇怪的記載，《金史·天文志》记载：“太宗天会十一年（1133年），五月乙丑（6月15日），月忽失行而南，顷之复故。”月球有著異常低的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a>（與<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4" title="煤">煤炭</a>相當）。儘管如此，它仍是天空中繼<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太陽</a>之後第二亮的天體<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-brightness-109">[nb 7]</a>。這一部分是因為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8D%E6%B2%96%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="對沖效應（页面不存在）">對沖效應</a>的增強效果；在弦月時，月球只有十分之一的亮度，而不是滿月一半的亮度<a href="#cite_note-Moon-110">[103]</a>。此外，由於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E8%A7%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="视觉系统">視覺系統</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%8F%E8%89%B2%E6%81%86%E5%B8%B8%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="顏色恆常性（页面不存在）">顏色恆常性</a>重新校準天體的顏色和周圍環境的關係，因為周圍的天空比較黑暗，會覺得被太陽照射的月球是比較明亮的天體。滿月的邊緣感覺上會比中心明亮，並沒有<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E9%82%8A%E6%98%8F%E6%9A%97" title="周邊昏暗">周邊昏暗</a>的效應，這是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="月球土壤">月球土壤</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8D%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%A4%98%E5%BC%A6%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藍伯特餘弦定律（页面不存在）">反射特性</a>，它反射向太陽方向的光多於其它的方向。月亮出現在靠近地平線時會顯得比較大，但這純粹是一種心理上的影響，也就是所謂的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%8C%AF%E8%A6%BA" title="月球錯覺">月球錯覺</a>，最早的敘述出現在西元前7世紀<a href="#cite_note-111">[104]</a>。 <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:608px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_phases_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="月球被太陽照射的方向和從地球看見的一個月的變化，結果是月球的相位。"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Moon_phases_en.jpg/600px-Moon_phases_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="600" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Moon_phases_en.jpg/900px-Moon_phases_en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Moon_phases_en.jpg/1200px-Moon_phases_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="960" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_phases_en.jpg" title="File:Moon phases en.jpg"> </a></div>月球被太陽照射的方向和從地球看見的一個月的變化，結果是月球的相位。</div></div></div> 月球在天空中最高的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6" title="高度">高度</a>變化：雖然它有與太陽相同的限制，在一年當中它會隨著季節與月相變化，滿月在冬天到達最高的位置。18.6年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E" title="月球交點">交點週期</a>也有些影響：當月球的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E" title="軌道交點">升交點</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%A5%E5%88%86%E7%82%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="春分点">春分點</a>，月球每個月的緯度可以到達28°。這意味著月球會出現在赤道到緯度28°之間的天頂，反過來 (降交點在春分點)則只有18°。月球的新月方向也取決於觀測者的緯度：接近赤道的觀測者，可以看見微笑狀的新月<a href="#cite_note-112">[105]</a>。 月球的表面是否會隨著時間改變，在歷史上仍有爭議。今天，許多這些主張被認為是虛幻的，是在不同光線條件下觀察的結果，不良的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%86%E5%AE%81%E5%BA%A6" title="视宁度">視寧度</a>，或不當的繪圖。但是，偶爾會出現<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%BA%E6%B0%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="出氣（页面不存在）">出氣</a>現象，還有小部份的報告可以歸因於<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A7%80%E6%B8%AC#瞬變月面現象" title="月球觀測">瞬變月面現象</a>。最近，有人認為月球上一個3公里直徑的區域在一百萬年前被釋放出的氣體改變<a href="#cite_note-113">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[107]</a>。月球的外觀，像太陽一樣，也會受到地球大氣層的影響：常見的是當月光通過高空的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B7%E5%B1%82%E4%BA%91" title="卷层云">卷層雲</a>時，會受到冰晶的折射形成22°的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%88" title="暈">暈環</a>，通過薄雲也會有相似的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%95_(%E6%B0%A3%E8%B1%A1)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冕 (氣象)（页面不存在）">冕環</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[108]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="食">食</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节：食">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E7%9A%84%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="食的週期">食的週期</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:308px;max-width:308px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The fiercely bright disk of the Sun is completely obscured by the exact fit of the disk of the dark, non-illuminated Moon, leaving only the radial, fuzzy, glowing coronal filaments of the Sun around the edge." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg/150px-Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg/225px-Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg/300px-Solar_eclipse_1999_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="3489" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">1999年的日蝕</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The bright disk of the Sun, showing many coronal filaments, flares and grainy patches in the wavelength of this image, is partly obscured by a small dark disk: here, the Moon covers less than a fifteenth of the Sun." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg/150px-STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg/225px-STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg/300px-STEREO-B_solar_eclipse.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2400" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">從<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%9C%B0%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B0" title="日地关系天文台">日地關係天文台</a>-B太空船看見月球從太陽前方通過<a href="#cite_note-116">[109]</a>。</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">從地球看月球和太陽有相近的大小。從尾隨著地球軌道的衛星看月球比太陽小了許多。</div></div></div></div> 當地球、太陽和月球在一條直線上時，便會出現蝕。<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a>發生在<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88" title="新月">朔</a>（有別於<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88" title="新月">新月</a>），當月球介於地球和太陽中間。對照過來，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a>發生在<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%9C%88" title="满月">满月</a>，當地球介於太陽和月球中間。從地球看月球的角視直徑和太陽的角視直徑變化的範圍是重疊的，因此日食時會有<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日全食</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%8E%AF%E9%A3%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="日环食">日環食</a>的可能性<a href="#cite_note-117">[110]</a>。在日全食，月球會將太陽的盤面完全遮蔽掉，因此以<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%89%E7%9C%BC" title="肉眼">肉眼</a>就能看見<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%86%95" class="mw-redirect" title="日冕">日冕</a>。由於地球和月球的距離緩慢的在逐漸增加中<a href="#cite_note-Lambeck1977-101">[95]</a>，月球的角視直徑逐漸減小。這意味著在數百萬年前的日食，月球都會完全遮蔽掉太陽，而沒有發生日環食的可能。同樣的，從現在開始大約6億年之後，月球將不再能夠完全遮蔽掉太陽，因此將只會發生日環食<a href="#cite_note-eclipse-118">[111]</a>。 由於月球環繞地球的軌道相對於<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93" title="黄道">地球環繞太陽的軌道</a>有大約5°的傾斜，所以不是每個新月和滿月都會發生食。當食發生時，月球必須在兩個軌道平面交集的附近<a href="#cite_note-eclipse-118">[111]</a>。日食和月食復發的週期性，由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%85%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="沙羅週期">沙羅週期</a>來描述，其周期大約是18年<a href="#cite_note-119">[112]</a>。 由於月球在天空中總是會遮蔽大約半度直徑圓型區域的視野<a href="#cite_note-area-120">[nb 8]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[113]</a>，當一顆亮星或行星經過月球的後方時，就會發生<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A9%E6%98%9F" title="掩星">掩星</a>的現象：從視線中隱藏。這樣一來，日食只是太陽被掩蔽。由於月球非常接近地球，單獨一顆恆星被掩蔽的現象不是在地球上的任何地點都能見到，也无法同時見到。並且因月月球軌道的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%B2%E5%8B%95" title="進動">進動</a>，每年會被掩蔽的恆星也都有所不同<a href="#cite_note-122">[114]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="研究和探測">研究和探測</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节：研究和探測">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="月球探测任务列表">月球探测任务列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="月球殖民">月球殖民</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球人造物体列表">月球人造物体列表</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="On an open folio page is a carefully drawn disk of the full Moon. In the upper corners of the page are waving banners held aloft by pairs of winged cherubs. In the lower left page corner a cherub assists another to measure distances with a pair of compasses; in the lower right corner a cherub views the main map through a handheld telescope, while another, kneeling, peers at the map from over a low cloth-draped table." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG/220px-Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG/330px-Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG/440px-Moon_by_Johannes_hevelius_1645.PNG 2x" data-file-width="806" data-file-height="724" /></a><figcaption>從<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E8%B5%AB%E7%B6%AD%E7%95%99" title="約翰·赫維留">約翰·赫維留</a>的月面圖集（1647年）中轉載的月面圖，這是第一張包含<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%A7%A4%E5%8B%95" class="mw-redirect" title="天秤動">天秤動</a>區域的月面圖</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早期的研究">早期的研究</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节：早期的研究">编辑</a>]</div> 在天文學發展的早期天文学家已经對月球週期有深刻的理解：如大約在西元前5世紀，<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E4%BC%A6%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="巴比伦天文学">巴比倫天文學家</a>已經知道<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a>有大約18年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%BE%85%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="沙羅週期">沙羅週期</a><a href="#cite_note-123">[115]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="印度天文學">印度天文學家</a>已经对月球每個月的距角进行描述<a href="#cite_note-Sarma-Ast-Ind-124">[116]</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="中国天文学史">中國天文學家</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%94%B3" title="石申">石申</a>(fl. 4th century BC)确定了一套预测日食月食的公式<a href="#cite_note-needham411-125">[117]</a>。之后，月球的天然形狀和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89" title="月光">月光</a>的成因也被了解，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="古希腊">古希臘</a>哲學家<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%85%8B%E8%90%A8%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89" title="阿那克萨哥拉">阿那克薩哥拉</a>(d. 428 BC)推斷太陽和月球都是巨大的岩石球體，而且後者通过反射前者的光来发光<a href="#cite_note-126">[118]</a><a href="#cite_note-Needham227-127">[119]</a>。雖然中國<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%9C%9D" title="汉朝">漢朝</a>时认为月球等同於“<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3_(%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="氣 (中國)">氣</a>”，他們的“輻射影響”理論解釋月球光只是反射自太陽，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E6%88%BF_(%E9%AD%8F%E9%83%A1%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%88)" title="京房 (魏郡太守)">京房</a>（前77年—前37年）注意到月球是球體<a href="#cite_note-Needham413-4-128">[120]</a>。西元499年，印度天文學家<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B6%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%9A" title="阿耶波多">阿耶波多</a>（Aryabhata）在他的《Aryabhatiya》記錄月球的耀眼光芒是反射陽光的緣故<a href="#cite_note-129">[121]</a>。天文學家兼物理學家<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E4%BB%80%E6%9C%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="海什木">海什木</a>發現月球不像<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%A1%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="鏡子">鏡子</a>那樣反射<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E5%85%89" title="太阳光">陽光</a>，而是從月球表面每一個方向往所有方向發射出去<a href="#cite_note-130">[122]</a>。中國<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E6%8B%AC" title="沈括">沈括</a>創造一個塗上白色粉末的銀球反射陽光，來解釋月相的變化，而從側面看時就能呈現眉月的月相<a href="#cite_note-Needham415-6-131">[123]</a>。 <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亞里士多德</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%9A%84%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宇宙的描述（页面不存在）">宇宙的描述</a>（On the Heavens），月亮標示出可變元素（土、水、風和火）的球和不朽的恆星（<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A5%E5%A4%AA" title="以太">以太</a>）之間的邊界，一個<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞里士多德物理（页面不存在）">有影響力的哲學</a>主導的世紀<a href="#cite_note-132">[124]</a>。然而，在前2世紀，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E7%90%89%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%9A%84%E5%A1%9E%E7%90%89%E5%8F%A4" title="塞琉西亞的塞琉古">塞琉西亚的塞琉古</a>的理論認為<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">潮汐</a>是月球引力引起的，因為朝汐的最高點都與月球相對於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太陽</a>的位置相對應<a href="#cite_note-133">[125]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="阿里斯塔克斯">阿里斯塔克斯</a>在同一個世紀計算出月球<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E5%9C%A8%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%92%8C%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿里斯塔克斯在大小和距離（页面不存在）">大小和距離</a>，得知地月的距離是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="地球半径">地球半徑</a>的20倍。<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="托勒密">托勒密</a>進一步更正這些數值：平均距離是地球半徑的58倍，直徑是地球的0.29，非常接近現在個別的值60和0.273<a href="#cite_note-134">[126]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%BE%B7" title="阿基米德">阿基米德</a>發明了可計算當時已知行星和月球運動的天象儀<a href="#cite_note-135">[127]</a>。 在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA" title="中世纪">中世紀</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="望远镜">望遠鏡</a>發明之前，已经有越來越多人认识到月球是一個球體，但許多人却認為它的表面是非常平滑的<a href="#cite_note-136">[128]</a>。1609年，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%C2%B7%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%B1" title="伽利略·伽利莱">伽利略</a>在《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%9B%E4%BF%A1%E4%BD%BF" title="星際信使">星际信使</a>》中使用第一架伸縮望遠鏡描繪的月球，注意到它並不是光滑的，有著環形山和山。望遠鏡描繪出如下的月球：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%C2%B7%E9%87%8C%E4%B9%94%E5%88%A9" title="乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·里乔利">乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·里乔利</a>（Giovanni Battista Riccioli）和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%94%E8%BF%AA" title="弗朗切斯科·马里亚·格里马尔迪">弗朗切斯科·马里亚·格里马尔迪</a>（Francesco Maria Grimaldi）在17世紀後期的努力產生現今使用的月球命名系統。<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A8%81%E7%BD%95%C2%B7%E7%9A%AE%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="威罕·皮爾（页面不存在）">威罕·皮爾</a>（Wilhelm Beer）和梅德勒（Johann Heinrich Madler）在1834-6年間發展出更精確的Mappa Selenographica，並且在1837年出版相關的書Der Mond，第一次用<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E8%A7%92%E5%AD%A6" title="三角学">三角法</a>準確的研究月球特徵，包括一千多座山的高度、並引導對月球研究的精確度可能如同地球的地理<a href="#cite_note-137">[129]</a>。最先注意到的月球環形山科學家是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%C2%B7%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E8%8E%B1" title="伽利略·伽利莱">伽利略</a>，一直被認為是<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a>。直到1870年代，<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%90%86%E6%9F%A5%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E9%81%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="理查德·波達（页面不存在）">理查德·波達</a>（Richard Proctor）才提出這是由撞擊形成的假設<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。這種觀點在1892年獲得地質學家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%9B%E6%B4%9B%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葛洛夫·吉伯特（页面不存在）">葛洛夫·吉伯特</a>（Grove Karl Gilbert）的實驗支持，1920年至1940年的比較研究<a href="#cite_note-Hall1977-138">[130]</a>引導<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E5%B0%BA%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球地質時間尺度（页面不存在）">月球地層學</a>發展，在1950年代成為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="天体地质学">天體地質學</a>的一個嶄新且持續發展的分支<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="第一次直接探測：1959–1976">第一次直接探測：1959–1976</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节：第一次直接探測：1959–1976">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%87%E8%88%AA%E5%91%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="阿波罗宇航员列表">阿波罗宇航员列表</a></div> 在<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="冷戰">冷戰</a>期間，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a>一直希望在太空科技領先對方。這場<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="太空競賽">太空競賽</a>在1969年7月20日，美國<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9711%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗11号">阿波罗11号</a>的指揮官<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E5%A3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="尼尔·阿姆斯壮">尼尔·阿姆斯壯</a>登陸月球時達到高峰，他是登陸月球的第一人，而目前最近一次登陸過月球的人是<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%91%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E5%8D%97" title="尤金·塞尔南">尤金·塞尔南</a>，他是1972年12月<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9717%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗17号">阿波罗17号</a>任務的成員。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="蘇聯的任務">蘇聯的任務</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节：蘇聯的任務">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Soviet_moonrover.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Soviet_moonrover.JPG/220px-Soviet_moonrover.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Soviet_moonrover.JPG/330px-Soviet_moonrover.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Soviet_moonrover.JPG/440px-Soviet_moonrover.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>蘇聯月球探測車</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8F%B7%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="月球号系列探测器">月球號系列探測器</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="月球步行者">月球步行者</a></div> <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="冷戰">冷戰</a>刺激了蘇聯和美國的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="太空競賽">太空競賽</a>，令人類加速了對月球的探測。一旦發射器有足夠的能力，這些國家就發射無人探測器進行飛越和撞擊或登陸的任務。來自蘇聯的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="月球计划">月球計畫</a>太空船最先完成多項目標：於1958年進行了三次未賦予名稱的失敗任務之後<a href="#cite_note-139">[131]</a>，第一個脫離地球的引力，並且飛越過月球的人造物體是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%831%E5%8F%B7" title="月球1号">月球1號</a>；第一個撞擊月球表面的人造物體是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%832%E5%8F%B7" title="月球2号">月球2號</a>；第一個拍攝到通常是被遮蔽而看不見的月球背面影像的是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%833%E5%8F%B7" title="月球3号">月球3號</a>，這全都發生在1959年。 第一艘成功執行在月球<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E8%80%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="登陸者（页面不存在）">軟著陸</a>的是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%839%E5%8F%B7" title="月球9号">月球9號</a>，第一艘環繞月球的無人太空船是<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8310%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="月球10號">月球10號</a>，兩者均在1966年完成任務<a href="#cite_note-worldbook-50">[45]</a>。將月球的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">岩石和土壤標本</a>帶回地球的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A8%99%E6%9C%AC%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="標本返回任務（页面不存在）">標本返回任務</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8316%E5%8F%B7" title="月球16号">月球16號</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8320%E5%8F%B7" title="月球20号">月球20號</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8324%E5%8F%B7" title="月球24号">月球24號</a>）總共帶回0.38公斤的月岩<a href="#cite_note-140">[132]</a>。兩個先鋒的機器人太空船在1970年和1973年登陸月球，是蘇聯的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="月球步行者">月球步行者</a>計畫的一部分。在美蘇的登月競賽中蘇聯使用了<a href="/wiki/N1%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="N1运载火箭">N1火箭</a>，尝试将其用于搭载载人登月航天器，但因機件故障造成四次試射失敗，最终以输家身份结束这场<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD" title="太空競賽">太空競賽</a><a href="#cite_note-garcia2017-141">[133]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="美國的任務">美國的任務</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=32" title="编辑章节：美國的任務">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅計畫">阿波羅計畫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="登陸月球">登陸月球</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The small blue-white semicircle of the Earth, almost glowing with colour in the blackness of space, rising over the limb of the desolate, cratered surface of the Moon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg/220px-NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg/330px-NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg/440px-NASA-Apollo8-Dec24-Earthrise.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8518%E8%99%9F" class="mw-disambig" title="阿波羅18號">阿波羅8號</a>任務，於1968年的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%AA%95%E5%A4%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="聖誕夜">聖誕夜</a>從月球看見的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>。非洲在日沒的邊界線上，美洲在雲層之下，在邊界線末端左邊的是南極大陸</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An astronaut in an American Apollo-program spacesuit, standing on the flat, heavily footprinted landing area, with the utterly black sky of space above the horizon." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg/220px-Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg/330px-Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg/440px-Aldrin_Apollo_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2700" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption>在1969年7月20日<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9711%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗11号">人類第一次登月</a>任務中，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E8%88%AA%E5%91%98" title="宇航员">太空人</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="尼尔·阿姆斯特朗">尼尔·阿姆斯特朗</a>拍攝的太空人<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%B9%C2%B7%E8%89%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="巴兹·艾德林">巴茲·艾德林</a></figcaption></figure> 美國的月球探測始於機器人任務的發展，旨在實現載人登陸月球的最終目標：<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%B7%E6%B0%94%E6%8E%A8%E8%BF%9B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="喷气推进实验室">噴射推進實驗室</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A1%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="測量員計畫">測量員計畫</a>，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%839%E5%8F%B7" title="月球9号">月球9號</a>發射後4個月，發射<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A11%E8%99%9F" title="測量員1號">第一艘登陸月球</a>的太空船。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="美国国家航空航天局">NASA</a>載人的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅計畫">阿波羅計畫</a>也在同時發展；經過無人的阿波羅太空船在地球軌道上一系列的測試之後，和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇聯探月器（页面不存在）">蘇聯月球飛行</a>能力的刺激，<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%858%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅8號">阿波羅8號</a>於1968年首度執行載人環繞月球軌道的任務。在1969年人類首次登陸月球，與後續多次的登陸月球，使很多人認為這是太空競賽的最高峰<a href="#cite_note-CNN-142">[134]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="尼尔·阿姆斯特朗">尼爾·阿姆斯壯</a>是美國<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8511%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅11號">阿波羅11號</a>任務的指揮官，他在1969年7月21日02:56（世界時）踏上月球表面，成為第一位在月球漫步的人<a href="#cite_note-143">[135]</a>。從阿波羅11號到17號（除了<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8513%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅13號">阿波羅13號</a>中止了登陸月球的任務）的任務，總共帶回382公斤、共2,196塊月球岩石和土壤標本<a href="#cite_note-144">[136]</a>。美國<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="登陸月球">登陸月球</a>和返回使1960年代初期在的技術獲得長足的進步與發展，特別是在<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%92%E8%9D%95" title="燒蝕">燒蝕</a>化學、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="软件工程">軟體工程</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E8%BF%94%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%B1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="重返大气层">重返大氣層</a>技術，和高階巨大計畫整合管理等領域<a href="#cite_note-145">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-146">[138]</a>。 在整個阿波羅任務中，許多科學儀器被建置在月球表面。能長期工作的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%A5%97%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿波羅月球表面實驗套件（页面不存在）">儀器站</a>，包括熱流量探測器、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%84%80" title="地震儀">地震儀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%BC%BA%E8%AE%A1" title="磁强计">磁強計</a>，它們是<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%8512%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波羅12號">阿波羅12號</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9714%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗14号">14</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9715%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗15号">15</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9716%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗16号">16</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9717%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗17号">17</a>設置的。它們將資料直接傳送回地球，直到1977年才因為預算的原因而停止<a href="#cite_note-147">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[140]</a>，但是工作站的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%B7%9D%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="月球激光测距实验">月球雷射測距</a>回向反射器陣列是被動式的儀器，它們仍在使用中。從地球例行測量的測站到月球基地的距離精確範圍在幾公分之內，並且從這些資料可以對月球核心的大小有所理解<a href="#cite_note-149">[141]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="目前的時代：1990–現在">目前的時代：1990–現在</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=33" title="编辑章节：目前的時代：1990–現在">编辑</a>]</div> 阿波羅计划之后，更多的國家已經直接參與月球的探測。在1990年，日本將太空船<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="工學研究衛星（页面不存在）">Hiten</a>送到月球，成為第三個擁有環繞月球軌道衛星的國家。這艘太空船在月球軌道上釋放了一個小探測器Hagoromo，但是發射失敗，妨礙了進一步的科學應用任務<a href="#cite_note-150">[142]</a>。 在1994年，美國國防部和NASA聯合發射了<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E8%8A%92%E8%92%82%E5%A8%9C_(%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9)" class="mw-redirect" title="克萊芒蒂娜 (太空船)">克萊芒蒂娜</a>至月球軌道。這個任務首度獲得幾乎整個月球的全球地形圖，和第一份月球表面全球的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多光譜影像（页面不存在）">多光譜影像</a><a href="#cite_note-151">[143]</a>。此後在1998年又派遣了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%85" title="月球探勘者">月球探勘者</a>任務，儀器顯示在月球的極區有過量的氫，這可能是存在於永久陰暗的環形山內部風化層表層數公尺處的水冰<a href="#cite_note-152">[144]</a>。 歐洲太空船<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD1%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="智能1号">智能1號</a>，第二艘使用<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%99%A8" title="离子推力器">離子推進</a>的太空船，從2004年11月15日進入月球軌道直到2006年9月3日，並且第一次對月球表面的化學元素做了詳細的調查<a href="#cite_note-153">[145]</a>。 <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mooncolony.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mooncolony.jpg/300px-Mooncolony.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mooncolony.jpg/450px-Mooncolony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mooncolony.jpg/600px-Mooncolony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5192" data-file-height="3332" /></a><figcaption>月球基地想像圖</figcaption></figure> 中國的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国探月工程">中國探月工程</a>也發射了第一艘進入月球軌道的太空船，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥一号">嫦娥一號</a>，從2007年11月5日直到2009年3月1日撞擊月球<a href="#cite_note-xinhua_20090301-154">[146]</a>。在6個月的任務期間，獲得月球表面完整的影像圖。<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥二号">嫦娥二號</a>於2010年10月1日發射升空，最主要任務是為<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥三号">嫦娥三號</a>預定著陸的<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%B9%E7%81%A3" title="虹灣">虹灣</a>拍照，而其分辨解析力為約1米。嫦娥三号携带月球车于2013年12月2日发射升空，并于12月14日著陸月球表面。<a href="#cite_note-155">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-156">[148]</a>2018年12月8日<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%9B%9B%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥四号">嫦娥四號</a>著陸器、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%85%94%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="玉兔二号">玉兔二號</a>探測車由<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%BE%81%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7%E4%B9%99%E8%BF%90%E8%BD%BD%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" title="长征三号乙运载火箭">長征三號乙改進Ⅲ型運載火箭</a>發射升空，2019年1月3日成功在預選的著陸區月球背面<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5-%E8%89%BE%E7%89%B9%E8%82%AF%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="南極-艾特肯盆地">南極-艾特肯盆地</a>（South Pole-Aitken，SPA）內的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%97%A8%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="冯·卡门撞击坑">馮·卡門撞擊坑</a>（Von Kármán）著陸。2020年1月2日嫦娥四號著陸器和「玉兔二號」月球車按地面指令完成月夜模式設置，順利進入月夜休眠。<a href="#cite_note-157">[149]</a>2020年11月24日<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%BA%94%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥五号">嫦娥五號</a>於海南<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%96%87%E6%98%8C%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%8F%91%E5%B0%84%E5%9C%BA" title="中国文昌航天发射场">文昌發射場</a>發射升空<a href="#cite_note-158">[150]</a>，完成月球表面自動採樣任務後，於12月17日凌晨1時59分在內蒙古四子王旗著陸場。<a href="#cite_note-159">[151]</a> 在2007年10月4日至2009年6月10日之間，日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="宇宙航空研究開發機構">宇宙航空研究開發機構</a>的“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)" class="mw-redirect" title="月亮女神 (航天器)">月亮女神</a>（Selene）”任務，攜帶了一架<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E6%98%8E%E6%99%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%9D%E5%BD%B1%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高明晰度攝影機（页面不存在）">高明晰度電視攝影機</a>，和兩個小的無線電發射衛星，獲得許多月球地理的資料和從地球軌道之外高明晰的影片<a href="#cite_note-160">[152]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[153]</a>。 印度的第一次月球任務，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B91%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="月船1號">月船1號</a>，從2008年11月8日起環繞月球，直到2009年8月27日，創建了月球表面高解析的化學、礦物學和照片地質地圖，並確認月球土壤中存在著水分子<a href="#cite_note-162">[154]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="印度空间研究组织">印度太空研究組織</a>計畫在2013年發射<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B92%E5%8F%B7" title="月船2号">月船2號</a>，攜帶俄羅斯的月球漫遊車<a href="#cite_note-163">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-164">[156]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>也曾表示希望在2020年能夠送人上月球<a href="#cite_note-165">[157]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B92%E5%8F%B7" title="月船2号">月船2號</a>最终于2019年7月22日发射成功。然而着陆器于当年9月7日因硬着陆而撞毁，轨道器仍然在轨道上继续执行科考任务。 其他即將進行的月球探測任務包括俄羅斯的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83-%E5%9C%98%E5%A1%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球-團塊（页面不存在）">月球-團塊</a>——以它們的火星探测器<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%8D%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="福布斯－土壤">福布斯－土壤</a>的軌道器為基礎的一種無人登陸器，架設地震儀，預計在2012年發射<a href="#cite_note-166">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[159]</a>。 在2007年9月13日宣布的<a href="/wiki/Google%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83X%E5%A4%A7%E5%A5%96" class="mw-redirect" title="Google月球X大奖">Google月球X大獎</a>，鼓勵私人資助的月球探索計畫，將提供2,000萬美元給任何讓機器人登上月球且合乎其他指定標準的人<a href="#cite_note-168">[160]</a>。 美國發射的“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B5%8B%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8" title="月球勘测轨道飞行器">月球勘測軌道飛行器</a>”（LRO）和“<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9D%91%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%92%8C%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="月球坑观测和传感卫星">LCROSS</a>”撞擊器於2009年6月18日進入軌道；隨後與軌道上的飛行器，在2009年10月9日一起在計畫內與計畫外廣泛的觀測LCROSS撞擊<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cabeus_(crater)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cabeus (crater)（页面不存在）">Cabeus</a>，完成他的使命<a href="#cite_note-169">[161]</a>，之後，LRO仍然繼續運作，以月球<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高度測量術（页面不存在）">高度測量術</a>獲得高解析度的影像。在美國總統<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%80" title="乔治·沃克·布什">喬治·沃克·布希</a>在2004年1月14日宣布在2020年重返月球之後，NASA開始<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E9%A1%98%E6%99%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太空探測願景（页面不存在）">恢復載人任務計畫</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[162]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="星座计划">星座計畫</a>開始資助與測試<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8D%B5%E6%88%B6%E5%BA%A7_(%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="獵戶座 (太空船)（页面不存在）">載人太空船</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%99%BD%E7%BE%8A%E5%BA%A7_(%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="白羊座 (火箭)（页面不存在）">發射器</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[163]</a>，並且研究和設計月球基地<a href="#cite_note-172">[164]</a>。但是，2011年的政府預算已經取消了對NASA<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="星座计划">星座計畫</a>的挹注，這將迫使NASA取消在太空技術上的推行以及高推力火箭的研究<a href="#cite_note-173">[165]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="法律地位">法律地位</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=34" title="编辑章节：法律地位">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%B3%95" title="太空法">太空法</a></div> 雖然<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8F%B7%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="月球号系列探测器">月球号系列探测器</a>將蘇聯的旗幟散布在月面各處，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%97%97" class="mw-redirect" title="美國國旗">美國國旗</a>也象徵性地插在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%87%E8%88%AA%E5%91%98%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="阿波罗宇航员列表">阿波羅太空人</a>的登陸点，但目前沒有任何一個國家宣稱月球表面的任何一部分是他們的領土<a href="#cite_note-unoosa_q6-174">[166]</a>。根據蘇聯和美國在1967年簽署的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="外太空條約">外太空條約</a><a href="#cite_note-unoosa_q4-175">[167]</a>，月球和外太空是“全人類所共有的地方”<a href="#cite_note-unoosa_q6-174">[166]</a>。這份條約也限制了月球只能供和平目地的使用，明確禁止軍事設施和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%80%E4%BC%A4%E6%80%A7%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="大规模杀伤性武器">大規模毀滅性武器</a>的設置<a href="#cite_note-unoosa_q5-176">[168]</a>。1979年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="月球协定">月球協定</a>限制單一國家對月球資源的創建、開發與利用，但是至2020年1月沒有任何一個拥有<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9" title="载人航天">载人航天</a>能力的国家簽署<a href="#cite_note-unoosa_moon-177">[169]</a>。雖然有一些個人曾經<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%96%E7%9C%9F%E5%AF%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%B2%A1%E7%94%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球外真實的財產（页面不存在）">宣稱擁有月球</a>的全部或部分，但這些沒有一件是真實的<a href="#cite_note-unoosa_q7-178">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-iisl_2004-179">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-iisl_2009-180">[172]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文化">文化</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=35" title="编辑章节：文化">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%B9%BB%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科幻的月球（页面不存在）">科幻的月球</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E6%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="陰曆">陰曆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%98%E5%86%AC%E7%AB%A0" title="默冬章">默冬章</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%A5%9E" title="月神">月神</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%95%88%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球效應（页面不存在）">月球效應</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E6%9C%88" title="藍月">藍月</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moonstar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Moonstar.jpg/200px-Moonstar.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Moonstar.jpg/300px-Moonstar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Moonstar.jpg/400px-Moonstar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1037" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>在許多的國旗上都會出現眉月和星星，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="土耳其国旗">土耳其</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E5%9B%BD%E6%97%97" title="巴基斯坦国旗">巴基斯坦</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/220px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/330px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg/440px-M%C3%A1ni_and_S%C3%B3l_by_Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich.jpg 2x" data-file-width="847" data-file-height="937" /></a><figcaption>這是<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenz_Fr%C3%B8lich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenz Frølich（页面不存在）">Lorenz Frølich</a>圖繪的一部分，是<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="挪威神话">挪威神話</a>中被人格化的太陽和月球，月神<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E5%B0%BC" title="瑪尼">玛尼</a>（左）和太陽神<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE_(%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="蘇爾 (北歐神話)">苏尔</a>（右，1895年）</figcaption></figure> 月球規則的相位變化是一個很好的計時器，周期性增長和衰減的形式成為許多古老曆法的基礎。2萬至3萬年前骨製<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A8%88%E6%95%B8%E6%A3%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="計數棒（页面不存在）">計數棒</a>上的缺口被認為是月相的標記<a href="#cite_note-Marshack-181">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[175]</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%8E%86" title="阴历">陰曆</a>的一個月大約是30天。英語中的名詞<a href="/w/index.php?title=Month&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Month（页面不存在）">month</a>和日耳曼語系與其它同源的語系來自原始日耳曼語的*mǣnṓth-，這又連結到前述原始日耳曼語的*mǣnōn，顯示<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%96%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="德國民間（页面不存在）">德國民間</a>在使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%8E%86" title="阳历">陽曆</a>之前是使用<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%8E%86" title="阴历">陰曆</a><a href="#cite_note-barnhart-and-germania-184">[176]</a>。 月球已經給予藝術和文學作品無數的靈感，它是許多視覺藝術、表演藝術、詩歌、散文和音樂藝術的主題。有5,000年歷史的愛爾蘭<a href="/w/index.php?title=Knowth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knowth（页面不存在）">Knowth</a>石刻，可能是被發現、最早的代表月球的描繪<a href="#cite_note-spacetoday-185">[177]</a>。月球上明亮的高地和黑暗的海的對比，在不同的文化和民族中創造出不同的形象，像是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球上的人（页面不存在）">月球上的人</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%94" title="月兔">兔子</a>、野牛、嫦娥、玉兔、螃蟹和其它的等等。在許多史前和古代的文化中，月球化身為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%A5%9E" title="月神">月神</a>，或其它<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="超自然现象">超自然</a>的現象和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE_(%E5%8D%A0%E6%98%9F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月亮 (占星)（页面不存在）">占星圖</a>的月亮，到今天仍然被繼續傳播。 <ul><li>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="中国神话">中國</a>有<a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5" title="嫦娥">嫦娥</a>奔月的神话。 <ul><li>中國歷代以來，在詩歌文學中對於月亮，有許多不同的雅稱： <ul><li>和滿月形狀有關：白玉盤、半輪、寶鏡、冰鏡、冰輪、冰盤、蟾盤、飛鏡、飛輪、挂鏡、金鏡、金盆、明鏡、瑤台鏡、銀盤、玉鏡、玉輪、玉盤、玉盆、圓影、月輪。</li> <li>和新月形狀有關：懸鉤、玉弓、玉鉤、蛾眉。</li> <li>和月亮光芒有關：蟾光、方暉、金波、清光、夜光、幽陽。</li> <li>和神話有關：白兔、蟾蜍、蟾宮、嫦娥、顧菟、廣寒、桂宮、桂魄、姮娥、瓊闕、素娥、兔影、銀闋珠宮、玉蟾、玉京、玉欄、玉兔、圓蟾、月桂、清虛、望舒。</li> <li>其他：冰壺、冰鑒、冰魄、嬋娟、秋影、太陰。</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="希腊神话">希腊神话</a>中，月亮女神叫做<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%BF%92%E5%BC%A5%E6%96%AF" title="阿耳忒弥斯">阿耳忒弥斯</a>，月球的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="天文符号">天文符号</a>就像一弯新月，也象征阿耳忒弥斯的神弓。</li> <li>在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="北歐神話">北歐神話</a>中，<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E5%B0%BC" title="瑪尼">瑪尼</a>是駕駛月車的神明。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="文学作品">文学作品</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=36" title="编辑章节：文学作品">编辑</a>]</div> <ul><li>法國科幻小說作家<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E5%8B%92%C2%B7%E5%87%A1%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3" title="儒勒·凡尔纳">儒勒·凡爾納</a>的小說<a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%88%B0%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83_(%E5%87%A1%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3)" title="从地球到月球 (凡尔纳)">《从地球到月球》</a>，利用巨型大炮將人发射到月球上去。</li> <li>中国古代<a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D" title="唐朝">唐朝</a>诗人<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E7%99%BD" title="李白">李白</a>的唐诗《<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%99%E5%A4%9C%E6%80%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="静夜思">静夜思</a>》和《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%B8%8B%E7%8D%A8%E9%85%8C" class="extiw" title="s:月下獨酌">月下獨酌</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="中國古代">中国古代</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="宋朝">宋朝</a>文学家<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%BD%BC" title="苏轼">苏轼</a>的詞作《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%AA%BF%E6%AD%8C%E9%A0%AD_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%88%E5%B9%BE%E6%99%82%E6%9C%89)" class="extiw" title="s:水調歌頭 (明月幾時有)">水調歌頭·明月幾時有</a>》</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="音樂作品">音樂作品</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=37" title="编辑章节：音樂作品">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E9%A1%8C%E6%9D%90%E6%A8%82%E6%9B%B2" title="Category:月亮題材樂曲">Category:月亮題材樂曲</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="精神病的聯想">精神病的聯想</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=38" title="编辑章节：精神病的聯想">编辑</a>]</div> 西方文化中，月球長久以來也與精神錯亂和非理性相關聯；精神錯亂（lunacy）和瘋癲（loony）這兩個字都源自拉丁文的月亮“Luna”。哲學家<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%87%8C%E5%A3%AB%E5%A4%9A%E5%BE%B7" title="亚里士多德">亞里斯多德</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%81%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%BC" title="老普林尼">老普林尼</a>都辯稱滿月容易影響個人，甚至導致精神錯亂。他认为主要由水构成的大腦，一定會受到月球和潮汐的影響；但是月球的引力太微弱，不會影響到任何一個人<a href="#cite_note-sciam-186">[178]</a>。即使在今天，雖然沒有科學的依據，依然有人堅稱精神科病患的數量、交通事故、殺人或自殺的事件，在一輪滿月的期間會增加<a href="#cite_note-sciam-186">[178]</a>。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見">參見</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=39" title="编辑章节：參見">编辑</a>]</div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Portal:太阳系">太阳系主题</a></li> <li style="display:table-row"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg/28px-Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg/42px-Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg/56px-Moon-Mdf-2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Portal:月球">月球主题</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%8C%AF%E8%A6%BA" title="月球錯覺">月球錯覺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太陽系探測器列表">太陽系探測器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="太陽系探索年表">太陽系探索時間線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="地球的其他衛星">地球的其他衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="月面学">月面学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" title="月球陨石坑">月球陨石坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波罗计划</a>（美国）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)" class="mw-redirect" title="月亮女神 (航天器)">月亮女神</a>（日本）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="嫦娥工程">嫦娥工程</a> - 中国探索月球的工程</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AA%E6%9D%A5%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="未来探月任务列表">未来探月任务列表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="注释">注释</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=40" title="编辑章节：注释">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-maxval-4"><a href="#cite_ref-maxval_4-0">^</a> 在NASA的数据中給的最大值是-12.74，這是基於地球赤道與月球中心的平均距離378,000公里；此處是以最近的距離，並且修正地球半徑6,378公里之後的最近距離350,600公里推算得到的亮度。最小值（對<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88" title="新月">新月</a>的距離）是建立在相同的基礎上，以数据頁上的最遠距離，407,000公里，並且計算<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%85%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球照（页面不存在）">地球照</a>在新月上的亮度。地球照的亮度是[地球<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a>×(<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="地球半径">地球半徑</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" title="月球軌道">月球軌道</a>半徑)2]相對於被直射的太陽光照亮的滿月。(地球反照率= 0.367；地球半徑= (極半徑×赤道半徑)½ = 6,367 km。) </li> <li id="cite_note-angular_size-5"><a href="#cite_ref-angular_size_5-0">^</a> The range of angular size values given are based on simple scaling of the following values given in the fact sheet reference: at an Earth-equator to Moon-centre distance of 378 000 km, the angular size is 1896 arcseconds. The same fact sheet gives extreme Earth-Moon distances of 407 000 km and 357 000 km. For the maximum angular size, the minimum distance has to be corrected for the Earth's equatorial radius of 6 378 km, giving 350 600 km. </li> <li id="cite_note-pressure_explanation-7"><a href="#cite_ref-pressure_explanation_7-0">^</a> Lucey et al. (2006) give 107 particles <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="立方厘米">cm−3</a> by day and 105 particles cm−3 by night. Along with equatorial surface temperatures of 390 <a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="热力学温标">K</a> by day and 100 K by night, the ideal gas law yields the pressures given in the infobox (rounded to the nearest order of magnitude; 10−7 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">帕</a> by day and 10−10Pa by night. </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> 地球有一些共軌的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="近地小行星">近地小行星</a>（Morais et al, 2002），但它們都不能算是真正的衛星。更多的資料可以參見<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="地球的其他衛星">地球的其他衛星</a>；另有些觀點認為月球應該算作<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>，但沒有得到認同。更多的資料可以參見<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="雙行星">雙行星</a>；月球在傳統<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%B7%E6%80%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="迷思">迷思</a>中亦曾經是某些古文化、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A0%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="占星學">占星學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%89%E9%87%91%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="煉金術">煉金術</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E8%AF%B4" title="地心说">已廢棄理論</a>裡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="古典行星">古典行星</a>，但其已不符合現代天文學對行星的科學定義。更多的資料可以參見<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="古典行星">古典行星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9#歷史" title="行星定義">行星定義#歷史</a>。 </li> <li id="cite_note-age-19"><a href="#cite_ref-age_19-0">^</a> 這個年代是從<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">月岩</a>的同位素測年計算得到的。 </li> <li id="cite_note-synpd-96"><a href="#cite_ref-synpd_96-0">^</a> 更精確的說，月球的平會合週期（與太陽合的平均值）是29.530589天(29d 12h 44m 02.9s) (天文曆書的補充解釋, 1961, at p.107).。 </li> <li id="cite_note-brightness-109"><a href="#cite_ref-brightness_109-0">^</a> 太陽的<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" title="星等">視星等</a>是−26.7，滿月的視星等是−12.7。 </li> <li id="cite_note-area-120"><a href="#cite_ref-area_120-0">^</a> 平均而言，月球在會遮蔽夜空0.21078平方度的區域。 </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献">参考文献</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=41" title="编辑章节：参考文献">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用">引用</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=42" title="编辑章节：引用">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NSSDC-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NSSDC_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NSSDC_1-1">1.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NSSDC_1-2">1.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NSSDC_1-3">1.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NSSDC_1-4">1.4</a> <cite class="citation web">Williams, Dr. David R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html">Moon Fact Sheet</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="美国国家航空航天局">美国国家航空航天局</a>. 2006-02-02 [2008-12-31]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081216140757/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/moonfact.html">存档</a>于2008-12-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=Dr.+David+R.&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.btitle=Moon+Fact+Sheet&rft.date=2006-02-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fplanetary%2Ffactsheet%2Fmoonfact.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Saari-2"><a href="#cite_ref-Saari_2-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Matthews, Grant. 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Oxford English Dictionary: Second Edition 1989. Oxford University Press. [2010-03-23].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary%3A+lunar%2C+a.+and+n.&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary%3A+Second+Edition+1989&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.oed.com%2Fcgi%2Fentry%2F50136796%3Fsingle%3D1%26query_type%3Dword%26queryword%3Dlunar%26first%3D1%26max_to_show%3D10&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接">失效連結</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-Pannen2010-18"><a href="#cite_ref-Pannen2010_18-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Imke Pannen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=37CPbHwqPjwC&pg=PA96">When the Bad Bleeds: Mantic Elements in English Renaissance Revenge Tragedy</a>. V&R unipress GmbH. 2010: 96– [2016-03-06]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-89971-640-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-89971-640-5">ISBN 978-3-89971-640-5</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210101014424/https://books.google.com/books?id=37CPbHwqPjwC&pg=PA96">存档</a>于2021-01-01）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.au=Imke+Pannen&rft.btitle=When+the+Bad+Bleeds%3A+Mantic+Elements+in+English+Renaissance+Revenge+Tragedy&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-89971-640-5&rft.pages=96-&rft.pub=V%26R+unipress+GmbH&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D37CPbHwqPjwC%26pg%3DPA96&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Kleine, T.; Palme, H.; Mezger, K.; Halliday, A.N. Hf–W Chronometry of Lunar Metals and the Age and Early Differentiation of the Moon. Science. 2005, 310 (5754): 1671–1674. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005Sci...310.1671K">Bibcode:2005Sci...310.1671K</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16308422">PMID 16308422</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1118842">doi:10.1126/science.1118842</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Hf%E2%80%93W+Chronometry+of+Lunar+Metals+and+the+Age+and+Early+Differentiation+of+the+Moon&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.aulast=Kleine&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5754&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=1671-1674&rft.volume=310&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005Sci...310.1671K&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1118842&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16308422&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Binder-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Binder_21-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Binder, A.B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974Moon...11...53B">On the origin of the Moon by rotational fission</a>. The Moon. 1974, 11 (2): 53–76 [2011-01-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974Moon...11...53B">Bibcode:1974Moon...11...53B</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01877794">doi:10.1007/BF01877794</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/66CTK6jMg?url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1974Moon...11...53B">存档</a>于2012-03-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=On+the+origin+of+the+Moon+by+rotational+fission&rft.aufirst=A.B.&rft.aulast=Binder&rft.date=1974&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=The+Moon&rft.pages=53-76&rft.volume=11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1974Moon...11...53B&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1974Moon...11...53B&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01877794&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-BotM-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BotM_22-0">17.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BotM_22-1">17.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BotM_22-2">17.2</a> <cite class="citation book">Stroud, Rick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofmoon0000stro">The Book of the Moon</a>. Walken and Company. 2009: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookofmoon0000stro/page/24">24</a>–27. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0802717349" title="Special:网络书源/0802717349">ISBN 0802717349</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=Rick&rft.aulast=Stroud&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+the+Moon&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0802717349&rft.pages=24-27&rft.pub=Walken+and+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbookofmoon0000stro&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Mitler-23"><a href="#cite_ref-Mitler_23-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Mitler, H.E. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975Icar...24..256M">Formation of an iron-poor moon by partial capture, or: Yet another exotic theory of lunar origin</a>. Icarus. 1975, 24: 256–268 [2011-01-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975Icar...24..256M">Bibcode:1975Icar...24..256M</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0019-1035%2875%2990102-5">doi:10.1016/0019-1035(75)90102-5</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/66CTL4KpO?url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1975Icar...24..256M">存档</a>于2012-03-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Formation+of+an+iron-poor+moon+by+partial+capture%2C+or%3A+Yet+another+exotic+theory+of+lunar+origin&rft.aufirst=H.E.&rft.aulast=Mitler&rft.date=1975&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Icarus&rft.pages=256-268&rft.volume=24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1975Icar...24..256M&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1975Icar...24..256M&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0019-1035%2875%2990102-5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Stevenson, D.J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AREPS..15..271S">Origin of the moon–The collision hypothesis</a>. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 1987, 15: 271–315 [2011-01-30]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AREPS..15..271S">Bibcode:1987AREPS..15..271S</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.ea.15.050187.001415">doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.15.050187.001415</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/66CTLxZOa?url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1987AREPS..15..271S">存档</a>于2012-03-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Origin+of+the+moon%E2%80%93The+collision+hypothesis&rft.aufirst=D.J.&rft.aulast=Stevenson&rft.date=1987&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.pages=271-315&rft.volume=15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1987AREPS..15..271S&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1987AREPS..15..271S&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.ea.15.050187.001415&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-taylor1998-25"><a href="#cite_ref-taylor1998_25-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Taylor, G. Jeffrey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Dec98/OriginEarthMoon.html">Origin of the Earth and Moon</a>. Planetary Science Research Discoveries. 1998-12-31 [2010-04-07]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010305233358/http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Dec98/OriginEarthMoon.html">存档</a>于2001-03-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=G.+Jeffrey&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.btitle=Origin+of+the+Earth+and+Moon&rft.date=1998-12-31&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Planetary+Science+Research+Discoveries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psrd.hawaii.edu%2FDec98%2FOriginEarthMoon.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Dana-Mackenzie's-book-26"><a href="#cite_ref-Dana-Mackenzie's-book_26-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Dana Mackenzie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=omVaG7u4qG8C&pg=PA166">The Big Splat, or How Our Moon Came to Be</a>. John Wiley & Sons. 2003-07-21: 166–168 [2016-03-06]. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-471-48073-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-471-48073-0">ISBN 978-0-471-48073-0</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210322070741/https://books.google.com/books?id=omVaG7u4qG8C&pg=PA166">存档</a>于2021-03-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.au=Dana+Mackenzie&rft.btitle=The+Big+Splat%2C+or+How+Our+Moon+Came+to+Be&rft.date=2003-07-21&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-471-48073-0&rft.pages=166-168&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DomVaG7u4qG8C%26pg%3DPA166&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Canup, R.; Asphaug, E. Origin of the Moon in a giant impact near the end of the Earth's formation. Nature. 2001, 412 (6848): 708–712. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11507633">PMID 11507633</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F35089010">doi:10.1038/35089010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Origin+of+the+Moon+in+a+giant+impact+near+the+end+of+the+Earth%27s+formation&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.aulast=Canup&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6848&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.pages=708-712&rft.volume=412&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F35089010&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11507633&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Pahlevan2007-28"><a href="#cite_ref-Pahlevan2007_28-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Pahlevan, Kaveh; Stevenson, David J. Equilibration in the aftermath of the lunar-forming giant impact. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 2007, 262 (3–4): 438–449. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007E&PSL.262..438P">Bibcode:2007E&PSL.262..438P</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2007.07.055">doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2007.07.055</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Equilibration+in+the+aftermath+of+the+lunar-forming+giant+impact&rft.aufirst=Kaveh&rft.aulast=Pahlevan&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3%E2%80%934&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.pages=438-449&rft.volume=262&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007E%26PSL.262..438P&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2007.07.055&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Nield, Ted. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120927034348/http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/geoscientist/geonews/page6072.html">Moonwalk (summary of meeting at Meteoritical Society's 72nd Annual Meeting, Nancy, France)</a>. Geoscientist. 2009, 19: 8 [2011-01-30]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/geoscientist/geonews/page6072.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-09-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Moonwalk+%28summary+of+meeting+at+Meteoritical+Society%27s+72nd+Annual+Meeting%2C+Nancy%2C+France%29&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.aulast=Nield&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoscientist&rft.pages=8&rft.volume=19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geolsoc.org.uk%2Fgsl%2Fgeoscientist%2Fgeonews%2Fpage6072.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Warren1985-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Warren1985_30-0">25.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Warren1985_30-1">25.1</a> <cite class="citation journal">Warren, P. H. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1985AREPS..13..201W">The magma ocean concept and lunar evolution</a>. 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IERS Special Bureau for Tides. 2001-05-15 [2010-03-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bowie.gsfc.nasa.gov/ggfc/tides/intro.html">原始内容</a>存档于2010-03-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.btitle=Ocean+Tides+and+the+Earth%27s+Rotation&rft.date=2001-05-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=IERS+Special+Bureau+for+Tides&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbowie.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fggfc%2Ftides%2Fintro.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Murray, C.D. and Dermott, S.F. Solar System Dynamics. 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Earth, Moon, and Planets. 1972, 4 (3-4): 373–382. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1972Moon....4..373L">Bibcode:1972Moon....4..373L</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00562004">doi:10.1007/BF00562004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Moonquakes+and+lunar+tectonism&rft.au=Latham&rft.date=1972&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3-4&rft.jtitle=Earth%2C+Moon%2C+and+Planets&rft.pages=373-382&rft.volume=4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.springerlink.com%2Fcontent%2Fjt12323560565365%2F&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1972Moon....4..373L&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF00562004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接">永久失效連結</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-Moon-110"><a href="#cite_ref-Moon_110-0">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Luciuk, Mike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asterism.org/tutorials/tut26-1.htm">How Bright is the Moon?</a>. 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MrEclipse. 2000 [2010-03-17]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150524172606/http://www.mreclipse.com/Special/SEprimer.html">存档</a>于2015-05-24）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Solar+Eclipses+for+Beginners&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=MrEclipse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mreclipse.com%2FSpecial%2FSEprimer.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  Authors list列表中的<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|first1=</code>缺少<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|last1=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#first_missing_last" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-eclipse-118">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eclipse_118-0">111.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-eclipse_118-1">111.1</a> <cite class="citation web">Thieman, J.; Keating, S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070211120127/http://eclipse99.nasa.gov/pages/faq.html">Eclipse 99, Frequently Asked Questions</a>. NASA. 2006-05-02 [2007-04-12]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eclipse99.nasa.gov/pages/faq.html">原始内容</a>存档于2007-02-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.aulast=Thieman&rft.btitle=Eclipse+99%2C+Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.date=2006-05-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feclipse99.nasa.gov%2Fpages%2Ffaq.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Espenak, F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071030225501/http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEsaros/SEsaros.html">Saros Cycle</a>. NASA. [2010-03-17]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEsaros/SEsaros.html">原始内容</a>存档于2007-10-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.aulast=Espenak&rft.btitle=Saros+Cycle&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Feclipse%2FSEsaros%2FSEsaros.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Guthrie, D.V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947PA.....55..200">The Square Degree as a Unit of Celestial Area</a>. Popular Astronomy. 1947, 55: 200–203 [2011-02-04]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947PA.....55..200G">Bibcode:1947PA.....55..200G</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408164608/http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947PA.....55..200">存档</a>于2019-04-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=The+Square+Degree+as+a+Unit+of+Celestial+Area&rft.au=Guthrie%2C+D.V.&rft.date=1947&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Astronomy&rft.pages=200-203&rft.volume=55&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1947PA.....55..200&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1947PA.....55..200G&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://occsec.wellington.net.nz/total/totoccs.htm">Total Lunar Occultations</a>. Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand. [2010-03-17]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100223022627/http://occsec.wellington.net.nz/total/totoccs.htm">存档</a>于2010-02-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Total+Lunar+Occultations&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Royal+Astronomical+Society+of+New+Zealand&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foccsec.wellington.net.nz%2Ftotal%2Ftotoccs.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Aaboe, A.; Britton, J. P.; Henderson,, J. A.; Neugebauer, Otto; Sachs, A. J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/1006543">Saros Cycle Dates and Related Babylonian Astronomical Texts</a>. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society (American Philosophical Society). 1991, 81 (6): 1–75 [2010-04-08]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1006543">doi:10.2307/1006543</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151107150729/http://www.jstor.org/stable/1006543">存档</a>于2015-11-07）. <q>One comprises what we have called "Saros Cycle Texts," which give the months of eclipse possibilities arranged in consistent cycles of 223 months (or 18 years).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Saros+Cycle+Dates+and+Related+Babylonian+Astronomical+Texts&rft.au=Britton%2C+J.+P.&rft.au=Henderson%2C%2C+J.+A.&rft.au=Neugebauer%2C+Otto&rft.au=Sachs%2C+A.+J.&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.aulast=Aaboe&rft.date=1991&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Philosophical+Society&rft.pages=1-75&rft.volume=81&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1006543&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1006543&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-Sarma-Ast-Ind-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Sarma-Ast-Ind_124-0">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Sarma, K. V. Astronomy in India. Helaine Selin (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediahis00seli_136">Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures</a> 2. <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%A0%BC%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%2B%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93" title="施普林格科学+商业媒体">Springer</a>. 2008: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediahis00seli_136/page/n331">317</a>–321. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781402045592" title="Special:网络书源/9781402045592">ISBN 9781402045592</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Astronomy+in+India&rft.aufirst=K.+V.&rft.aulast=Sarma&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+History+of+Science%2C+Technology%2C+and+Medicine+in+Non-Western+Cultures&rft.date=2008&rft.edition=2&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=9781402045592&rft.pages=317-321&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopaediahis00seli_136&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-needham411-125"><a href="#cite_ref-needham411_125-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNeedham1986">Needham 1986</a>，第411頁 harvnb模板錯誤: 多個指向目標 (2個): CITEREFNeedham1986 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <cite class="citation web">O'Connor, J.J.; Robertson, E.F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Anaxagoras.html">Anaxagoras of Clazomenae</a>. University of St Andrews. February 1999 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112072236/http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Anaxagoras.html">存档</a>于2012-01-12）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=J.J.&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.btitle=Anaxagoras+of+Clazomenae&rft.date=1999-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=University+of+St+Andrews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FAnaxagoras.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  引文使用过时参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">coauthors</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#deprecated_params" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Needham227-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Needham227_127-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNeedham1986">Needham 1986</a>，第227頁 harvnb模板錯誤: 多個指向目標 (2個): CITEREFNeedham1986 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Needham413-4-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Needham413-4_128-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFNeedham1986">Needham 1986</a>，第413–414頁 harvnb模板錯誤: 多個指向目標 (2個): CITEREFNeedham1986 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> <cite class="citation web">Robertson, E. F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html">Aryabhata the Elder</a>. Scotland: School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews. November 2000 [2010-04-15]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150711055702/http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Aryabhata_I.html">存档</a>于2015-07-11）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=E.+F.&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.btitle=Aryabhata+the+Elder&rft.date=2000-11&rft.genre=unknown&rft.place=Scotland&rft.pub=School+of+Mathematics+and+Statistics%2C+University+of+St+Andrews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FAryabhata_I.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <cite class="citation book">A. I. Sabra. Ibn Al-Haytham, Abū ʿAlī Al-Ḥasan Ibn Al-Ḥasan. Dictionary of Scientific Biography. 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S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/discardedimagein0000lewi_i1c3">The Discarded Image</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1964: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/discardedimagein0000lewi_i1c3/page/108">108</a>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-52147735-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-52147735-2">ISBN 0-52147735-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=C.+S.&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.btitle=The+Discarded+Image&rft.date=1964&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-52147735-2&rft.pages=108&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiscardedimagein0000lewi_i1c3&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">van der Waerden, Bartel Leendert. 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(1987): "Ishango revisited: new age determinations and cultural interpretations", The African Archaeological Review, 5 : 65-78. </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <cite class="citation book">Duncan, David Ewing. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/calendar5000year0000dunc_l8r5">The Calendar</a>. Fourth Estate Ltd. 1998: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/calendar5000year0000dunc_l8r5/page/10">10</a>–11. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781857027211" title="Special:网络书源/9781857027211">ISBN 9781857027211</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=David+Ewing&rft.aulast=Duncan&rft.btitle=The+Calendar&rft.date=1998&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781857027211&rft.pages=10-11&rft.pub=Fourth+Estate+Ltd.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcalendar5000year0000dunc_l8r5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-barnhart-and-germania-184"><a href="#cite_ref-barnhart-and-germania_184-0">^</a> For etymology, see <cite class="citation book">Barnhart, Robert K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/barnhartconcised0000unse">The Barnhart Concise Dictionary of Etymology</a>. 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Space Today Online. 2006 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120305162253/http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Earth/OldStarCharts.html">存档</a>于2012-03-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Carved+and+Drawn+Prehistoric+Maps+of+the+Cosmos&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Space+Today+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spacetoday.org%2FSolSys%2FEarth%2FOldStarCharts.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-sciam-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sciam_186-0">178.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sciam_186-1">178.1</a> <cite class="citation web">Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Arkowitz, Hal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=lunacy-and-the-full-moon">Lunacy and the Full Moon</a>. Scientific American. 2009 [2010-04-13]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091016163312/http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=lunacy-and-the-full-moon">存档</a>于2009-10-16）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.au=Arkowitz%2C+Hal&rft.aufirst=Scott+O.&rft.aulast=Lilienfeld&rft.btitle=Lunacy+and+the+Full+Moon&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Scientific+American&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scientificamerican.com%2Farticle.cfm%3Fid%3Dlunacy-and-the-full-moon&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="书目">书目</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=43" title="编辑章节：书目">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Needham, Joseph. Science and Civilization in China. 3, Mathematics and the Sciences of the Heavens and Earth. Taipei: Caves Books. 1986. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-521058015" title="Special:网络书源/0-521058015">ISBN 0-521058015</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.aulast=Needham&rft.btitle=Science+and+Civilization+in+China&rft.date=1986&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-521058015&rft.place=Taipei&rft.pub=Caves+Books&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读">延伸阅读</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=44" title="编辑章节：延伸阅读">编辑</a>]</div> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q405">在维基数据编辑</a>] <dl><dd><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本：" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/%E6%9B%86%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%99%E7%B7%A8/%E4%B9%BE%E8%B1%A1%E5%85%B8/%E6%9C%88%E9%83%A8#月球" class="extiw" title="s:欽定古今圖書集成/曆象彙編/乾象典/月部">欽定古今圖書集成·曆象彙編·乾象典·月部</a>》，出自<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%A2%A6%E9%9B%B7" title="陈梦雷">陈梦雷</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90" title="古今图书集成">古今圖書集成</a>》</dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相關的多媒體資源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Moon" class="extiw" title="commons:Moon">月球</a>（<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Moon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Moon">分類</a>）</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%AD%E5%BD%95" title="维基语录">维基语录</a>上的<a href="https://zh.wikiquote.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88" class="extiw" title="q:月">月语录</a></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9C%88" class="extiw" title="wikt:月">月</a>」。</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結">外部連結</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&action=edit&section=45" title="编辑章节：外部連結">编辑</a>]</div> <dl><dt>延伸讀物</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/">Exploring the Moon</a>. Lunar and Planetary Institute. [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120218225533/http://www.lpi.usra.edu/expmoon/">存档</a>于2012-02-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Exploring+the+Moon&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Lunar+and+Planetary+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lpi.usra.edu%2Fexpmoon%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Archive/Archive-Moon.html">Moon Articles</a>. Planetary Science Research Discoveries. [2011-01-29]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117030432/http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Archive/Archive-Moon.html">存档</a>于2015-11-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Moon+Articles&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Planetary+Science+Research+Discoveries&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psrd.hawaii.edu%2FArchive%2FArchive-Moon.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web">Jones, E.M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/">Apollo Lunar Surface Journal</a>. NASA. 2006 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518112906/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/alsj/">存档</a>于2015-05-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=E.M.&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.btitle=Apollo+Lunar+Surface+Journal&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NASA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hq.nasa.gov%2Foffice%2Fpao%2FHistory%2Falsj%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web">Teague, K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apolloarchive.com/apollo_archive.html">The Project Apollo Archive</a>. 2006 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070404042710/http://www.apolloarchive.com/apollo_archive.html">存档</a>于2007-04-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.aulast=Teague&rft.btitle=The+Project+Apollo+Archive&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apolloarchive.com%2Fapollo_archive.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web">Cain, Fraser. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astronomycast.com/astronomy/episode-17-where-does-the-moon-come-from/">Where does the Moon Come From?</a>. Universe Today. [2008-04-01]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080307152559/http://www.astronomycast.com/astronomy/episode-17-where-does-the-moon-come-from/">存档</a>于2008-03-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.aufirst=Fraser&rft.aulast=Cain&rft.btitle=Where+does+the+Moon+Come+From%3F&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Universe+Today&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astronomycast.com%2Fastronomy%2Fepisode-17-where-does-the-moon-come-from%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> （podcast and transcript）</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/948_discovery_2008/page4.shtml">The Moon</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20110311073446/http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/948_discovery_2008/page4.shtml">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） BBC World Service, Discovery 2008</li></ul> <dl><dt>Cartographic resources</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111218085633/http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_atlases/">Lunar Atlases</a>. Lunar and Planetary Institute. [2007-04-12]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/lunar_atlases/">原始内容</a>存档于2011-12-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Lunar+Atlases&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Lunar+and+Planetary+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lpi.usra.edu%2Fresources%2Flunar_atlases%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/FeatureTypes2.jsp?system=Earth&body=Moon&systemID=3&bodyID=11">Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature (USGS)</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060526091936/http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/FeatureTypes2.jsp?system=Earth&body=Moon&systemID=3&bodyID=11">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） List of feature names.</li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cmf.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clib/">Clementine Lunar Image Browser</a>. U.S. Navy. 2003-10-15 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091230011619/http://www.cmf.nrl.navy.mil/clementine/clib/">存档</a>于2009-12-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Clementine+Lunar+Image+Browser&rft.date=2003-10-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=U.S.+Navy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmf.nrl.navy.mil%2Fclementine%2Fclib%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li>3d zoomable globes: <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://moon.google.com">Google Moon</a>. Google. 2007 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070830161435/http://moon.google.com/">存档</a>于2007-08-30）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Google+Moon&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Google&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoon.google.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> , <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwindcentral.com/wiki/Moon">Moon</a>. World Wind Central. NASA. 2007 [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150417070722/http://www.worldwindcentral.com/wiki/Moon">存档</a>于2015-04-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Moon&rft.date=2007&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Wind+Central&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwindcentral.com%2Fwiki%2FMoon&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web">Aeschliman, R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ralphaeschliman.com/id26.htm">Lunar Maps</a>. Planetary Cartography and Graphics. [2007-04-12]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150529090138/http://ralphaeschliman.com/id26.htm">存档</a>于2015-05-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.atitle=Lunar+Maps&rft.aufirst=R&rft.aulast=Aeschliman&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Planetary+Cartography+and+Graphics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fralphaeschliman.com%2Fid26.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988">  Maps and panoramas at Apollo landing sites</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120305055023/https://wms.selene.jaxa.jp/index_e.html">Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)</a> Kaguya images</li></ul> <dl><dt>觀測工具</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121213095633/sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SKYCAL/SKYCAL.html">NASA's SKYCAL—Sky Events Calendar</a>. NASA Eclipse Home Page. [2007-08-27]. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SKYCAL/SKYCAL.html">原始内容</a>存档于2012-12-13）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=NASA%27s+SKYCAL%E2%80%94Sky+Events+Calendar&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=NASA+Eclipse+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Feclipse%2FSKYCAL%2FSKYCAL.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/moonrise.html">Find moonrise, moonset and moonphase for a location</a>. 2008 [2008-02-18]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150523022441/http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/moonrise.html">存档</a>于2015-05-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=Find+moonrise%2C+moonset+and+moonphase+for+a+location&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeanddate.com%2Fworldclock%2Fmoonrise.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"> </li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crescentmoonwatch.org/nextnewmoon.htm">HMNAO's Moon Watch</a>. 2005 [2009-05-24]. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110303233922/http://www.crescentmoonwatch.org/nextnewmoon.htm">存档</a>于2011-03-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83&rft.btitle=HMNAO%27s+Moon+Watch&rft.date=2005&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crescentmoonwatch.org%2Fnextnewmoon.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988">  See when the next new crescent moon is visible for any location.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="月球" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Template:月球"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Template talk:月球"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:月球"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="月球" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">物理特性</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="月球內部構造">月球內部構造</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%A0%B4" title="月球重力場">月球重力場</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球地形學（页面不存在）">月球地形學</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topography_of_the_Moon" class="extiw" title="en:Topography of the Moon">Topography of the Moon</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="月球磁場">月球磁場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="月球大氣層">月球大氣層</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%92%A0%E5%B0%BE" title="月球钠尾">月球钠尾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89" title="月光">月光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:FullMoon2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/FullMoon2010.jpg/90px-FullMoon2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/FullMoon2010.jpg/135px-FullMoon2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/FullMoon2010.jpg/180px-FullMoon2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2580" data-file-height="2452" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">月球軌道</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%B7%9D%E9%9B%A2" title="月球距離">月球距離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" title="月球軌道">月球軌道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">月相</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%BD%B1%E6%9C%88%E5%85%A8%E9%A3%9F" title="半影月全食">半影月全食</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="月球上的日食">月球日食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%A3%9F%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="交食周期">交食周期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%BF%E6%9C%88%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="滿月周期">滿月周期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88" title="新月">新月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8B%95" title="天平動">天平動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E" title="月球交點">月球交點</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90" title="潮汐">潮汐</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%9B" title="潮汐力">潮汐力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E9%8E%96%E5%AE%9A" title="潮汐鎖定">潮汐鎖定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F" title="潮汐加速">潮汐加速</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E5%B7%AE" title="潮差">潮差</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">月球表面 <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球表面特徵列表">特徵</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E5%AD%A6" title="月面学">月面学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球表面特徵列表">月球表面特徵列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2" title="月球正面">月球正面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%83%8C%E9%9D%A2" title="月球背面">月球背面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81" title="月球北极">月球北极</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8D%97%E6%9E%81" title="月球南极">月球南极</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7" title="月海">月海</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%B5%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月海列表">列表</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="撞击坑">撞擊坑</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%92%B0%E5%BD%A2%E5%B1%B1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球環形山列表">列表</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%B0%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月谷列表">月谷</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%B0%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月谷列表">列表</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球山脉列表">月球山脉列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球山脉高度列表">月球山脉高度列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E6%BA%AA" title="月溪">月溪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5-%E8%89%BE%E7%89%B9%E8%82%AF%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="南極-艾特肯盆地">南極-艾特肯盆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%E9%A0%93%E5%9D%91" title="沙克爾頓坑">沙克爾頓坑</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%B0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球水（页面不存在）">月球水</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_water" class="extiw" title="en:Lunar water">Lunar water</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="月球土壤">月球土壤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%B1%E5%B2%AD" title="皱岭">皱岭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%B2%A9" title="月岩">月岩</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/70017%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6%E5%B2%A9" title="70017号月球玄武岩">70017号月球玄武岩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E7%9F%B3" title="嫦娥石">嫦娥石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%BC%E5%B3%B0" title="永昼峰">永昼峰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%A4%9C%E5%9D%91" title="永夜坑">永夜坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E9%A3%8E%E5%8C%96" title="空间风化">太空風化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9E%AC%E5%8F%98%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="月球瞬变现象">月球瞬变现象</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">月球科學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%B9%B3%E5%8B%95#月球的天平動" title="天平動">天平動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E8%AB%96" title="月球運動論">月球運動論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E8%B5%B7%E6%BA%90" title="月球的起源">月球的起源</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大碰撞說</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BC%8A%E4%BA%9A_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F)" title="忒伊亚 (行星)">特亞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%B2%A9%E6%BC%BF%E6%B5%B7" title="月球岩漿海">月球岩漿海</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="月球地質">月球地質</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="月球地质年代">年代</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E6%9C%9F%E9%87%8D%E8%BD%9F%E7%82%B8%E6%9C%9F" title="後期重轟炸期">後期重轟炸期</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="月球隕石">月球隕石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%99%AE%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9" title="克里普矿物">克里普矿物</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%8C%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿波羅月面實驗包（页面不存在）">阿波羅月面實驗包</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Surface_Experiments_Package" class="extiw" title="en:Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package">Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E6%B5%8B%E8%B7%9D%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="月球激光测距实验">月球激光测距实验</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9717%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%A0%B7%E6%9C%AC%E5%B1%95%E5%93%81" title="阿波罗17号月球样本展品">阿波罗17号月球样本展品</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9C%87%E5%AD%A6" title="月震学">月震学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="月球探测">月球探測</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%BE%80%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="前往月球的航天任务列表">前往月球的航天任务列表</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球探测器列表">月球探测器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波罗计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8F%B7%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="月球号系列探测器">月球号系列探测器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国探月工程">中国探月工程</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="登陸月球">登陸月球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="月球殖民">月球殖民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%A7%80%E6%B8%AC" title="月球觀測">月球觀測</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%97%85%E9%81%8A" title="月球旅遊">月球旅遊</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%9B%B8" title="月相">月相</a>名字</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9C%88" title="新月">新月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%A1%E6%9C%88" title="满月">满月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%B4%9A%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE" title="超級月亮">超級月亮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="月球上的日食">月球上的日食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E6%9C%88" title="藍月">藍月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%9C%88" title="黑月">黑月</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">报时和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7" title="天文航海">导航</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E5%8E%86" title="阴历">阴历</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E9%98%B3%E5%8E%86" title="阴阳历">阴阳历</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88" title="月">月</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%94%E6%9C%9B%E6%9C%88" title="朔望月">朔望月</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%9C%9F" title="星期">星期</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%A7%92%E8%B7%9D" title="月角距">月角距</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">有关</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="衛星">衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="雙行星">雙行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球人造物体列表">月球人造物体列表</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#文化">文化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%8C%AF%E8%A6%BA" title="月球錯覺">月球錯覺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%99%BB%E6%9C%88%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E9%98%B4%E8%B0%8B%E8%AE%BA" title="阿波罗登月计划阴谋论">登月陰謀論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="月球协定">月球协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%A5%9E" title="月神">月神</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E8%8C%B2%E8%8A%AC%E3%80%81%E7%A2%A7%E7%88%BE%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%AE%E5%A5%87" title="維茲芬、碧爾和修奇">維茲芬、碧爾和修奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5" title="嫦娥">嫦娥</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%94" title="月兔">玉兔</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E5%89%9B_(%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="吳剛 (神話)">吴刚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%B8%E7%BE%B2" title="常羲">常羲</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%98%AF%E7%B6%A0%E4%B9%B3%E9%85%AA%E5%81%9A%E7%9A%84" title="月球是綠乳酪做的">月球是綠乳酪做的</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%AA%AA" title="月球空心說">月球空心說</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E5%A4%A7%E9%AA%97%E5%B1%80" title="月亮大骗局">月亮大骗局</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Category:月球">分类</a></li> <li><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Portal:月球">主題</a></li> <li><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Moon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Moon">共享资源</a></li> <li><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="WikiProject:月球">专题</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="月球探測" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Template:月球任務"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Template talk:月球任務"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:月球任務"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="月球探測" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="月球探测">探測</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">各国探月工程</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%8B%92%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="先鋒計劃">先鋒計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B5%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="游騎兵計畫">游騎兵計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A1%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="測量員計畫">測量員計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="月球軌道計畫">月球轨道計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿波罗计划">阿波罗计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E5%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="星座计划">星座计划</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球先驱机器人计划（页面不存在）">月球先驱机器人计划</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" class="extiw" title="en:Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor Robotic Program</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%95%86%E4%B8%9A%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%9C%89%E6%95%88%E8%BD%BD%E8%8D%B7%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="商业月球有效载荷服务（页面不存在）">商业月球有效载荷服务</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" class="extiw" title="en:Commercial Lunar Payload Services">Commercial Lunar Payload Services</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%BF%92%E5%BC%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿耳忒弥斯计划">阿耳忒弥斯计划</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8F%B7%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="月球号系列探测器">月球计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8%E8%99%9F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" title="探測器號系列探測器">探测器号计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85" title="月面步行者">月球车系列</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E7%99%BB%E6%9C%88%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏联载人登月计划（页面不存在）">载人登月计划</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs" class="extiw" title="en:Soviet crewed lunar programs">Soviet crewed lunar programs</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国探月工程">嫦娥工程</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国探月工程">无人探月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国载人月球探测工程">载人探月</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/22px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/33px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/44px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B9%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月船计划（页面不存在）">月船计划</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandrayaan_programme" class="extiw" title="en:Chandrayaan programme">Chandrayaan programme</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="日本探月计划（页面不存在）">日本探月计划</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" class="extiw" title="en:Japanese Lunar Exploration Program">Japanese Lunar Exploration Program</a>）</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/22px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/33px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/44px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%A9%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BD" title="大韩民国">韩国</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8F%E6%9C%88%E5%8F%B7" title="赏月号">韩国探月计划</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄罗斯">俄羅斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83-%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球-全球计划（页面不存在）">月球-全球计划</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna-Glob" class="extiw" title="en:Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a>）</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding-left: 0.5em;"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg/120px-Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg/180px-Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg/240px-Bean_Descends_Intrepid_-_GPN-2000-001317.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3001" data-file-height="3000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg/120px-LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg/180px-LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg/240px-LADEE_fires_small_engines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7056" data-file-height="4000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:ChangE-4,_Yutu-2_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png/120px-ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png/180px-ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png/240px-ChangE-4%2C_Yutu-2_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1112" data-file-height="704" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">近月飞行任务</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E8%80%853%E5%8F%B7" title="先驱者3号">先驱者3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E8%80%854%E5%8F%B7" title="先驱者4号">4号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%831%E5%8F%B7" title="月球1号">月球1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%833%E5%8F%B7" title="月球3号">3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A83%E5%8F%B7" title="探测器3号">探测器3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A85%E8%99%9F" title="探測器5號">5号</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A86%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探测器6号（页面不存在）">6号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zond_6" class="extiw" title="en:Zond 6">Zond 6</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A87%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探测器7号（页面不存在）">7号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zond_7" class="extiw" title="en:Zond 7">Zond 7</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A88%E5%8F%B7" title="探测器8号">8号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5%E5%8F%B7%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="伽利略号探测器">伽利略号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%99%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="希望號探測器 (日本)">願望號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC-%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%8F%B7" title="卡西尼-惠更斯号">卡西尼号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B23%E5%8F%B7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="亚洲3号卫星">亚洲3号卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%B1%B3%E7%B5%B21%E8%99%9F" title="阿提米絲1號">阿提米絲1號</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">环绕任务</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E8%80%850%E5%8F%B7" title="先驱者0号">先驱者0号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E9%A9%B1%E8%80%851%E5%8F%B7" title="先驱者1号">1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8310%E5%8F%B7" title="月球10号">月球10号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8311%E5%8F%B7" title="月球11号">11号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8312%E5%8F%B7" title="月球12号">12号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8314%E5%8F%B7" title="月球14号">14号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8319%E5%8F%B7" title="月球19号">19号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8322%E5%8F%B7" title="月球22号">22号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A81%E5%8F%B7" title="月球轨道器1号">月球轨道器1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A82%E5%8F%B7" title="月球轨道器2号">2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A83%E5%8F%B7" title="月球轨道器3号">3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A84%E5%8F%B7" title="月球轨道器4号">4号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A85%E5%8F%B7" title="月球轨道器5号">5号</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E9%99%A9%E5%AE%B635%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探险家35号（页面不存在）">探险家35号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorer_35" class="extiw" title="en:Explorer 35">Explorer 35</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E5%A4%A9%E8%99%9F" title="飛天號">飞天</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E5%A4%A9%E8%99%9F" title="飛天號">羽衣</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%90%8A%E9%96%80%E6%B1%80%E8%99%9F" title="克萊門汀號">克萊門汀號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%85" title="月球探勘者">月球探勘者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMART-1" title="SMART-1">SMART-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%B7_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)" title="辉夜号 (航天器)">月亮女神</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%B7_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)#中继星(翁)" title="辉夜号 (航天器)">翁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E5%A4%9C%E5%8F%B7_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)#甚长基线干涉测量星(嫗)" title="辉夜号 (航天器)">妪</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥一号">嫦娥一号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥二号">二号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E4%B8%89%E6%9C%9F%E5%86%8D%E5%85%A5%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C%E5%99%A8" title="探月工程三期再入返回飞行试验器">五号T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%8A%E6%A1%A5%E5%8F%B7%E4%B8%AD%E7%BB%A7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="鹊桥号中继卫星">鹊桥一中继</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B91%E5%8F%B7" title="月船1号">月船1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B92%E5%8F%B7" title="月船2号">2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B5%8B%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9E%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8" title="月球勘测轨道飞行器">月球勘测轨道飞行器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%9B%9E%E6%BA%AF%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4" title="重力回溯及內部結構實驗室">重力回溯及內部結構實驗室</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E8%88%87%E7%B2%89%E5%A1%B5%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" title="月球大氣與粉塵環境探測器">月球大氣與粉塵環境探測器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%8F%E6%9C%88%E5%8F%B7" title="赏月号">赏月号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%8A%E6%A1%A5%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E4%B8%AD%E7%BB%A7%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="鹊桥二号中继卫星">鹊桥二中继</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">着陆任务</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%832%E5%8F%B7" title="月球2号">月球2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%834%E5%8F%B7" title="月球4号">4号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%839%E5%8F%B7" title="月球9号">9号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8313%E5%8F%B7" title="月球13号">13号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8317%E5%8F%B7" title="月球17号">17号</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A61%E5%8F%B7" title="月球车1号">月面步行者一號</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8321%E5%8F%B7" title="月球21号">21号</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A62%E5%8F%B7" title="月球车2号">月面步行者二號</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8325%E5%8F%B7" title="月球25号">25号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B53%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵3號">游騎兵3號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B54%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵4號">4號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B55%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵5號">5號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B56%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵6號">6號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B57%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵7號">7號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B58%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵8號">8號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%A8%8E%E5%85%B59%E8%99%9F" title="游騎兵9號">9號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A11%E8%99%9F" title="測量員1號">測量員1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A12%E8%99%9F" title="測量員2號">2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A13%E8%99%9F" title="測量員3號">3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A14%E8%99%9F" title="測量員4號">4号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A15%E8%99%9F" title="測量員5號">5号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A16%E8%99%9F" title="測量員6號">6号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E5%93%A17%E8%99%9F" title="測量員7號">7号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%85" title="月球探勘者">月球探勘者</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球撞击探测器（页面不存在）">月球撞击探测器</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_Impact_Probe" class="extiw" title="en:Moon Impact Probe">Moon Impact Probe</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B92%E5%8F%B7" title="月船2号">月船2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B93%E5%8F%B7" title="月船3号">3号</a>（<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7_(%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="智慧 (月球车)（页面不存在）">智慧号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragyan_(rover)" class="extiw" title="en:Pragyan (rover)">Pragyan (rover)</a>））</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%9D%91%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%92%8C%E4%BC%A0%E6%84%9F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="月球坑观测和传感卫星">月球坑观测和传感卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥三号">嫦娥三号</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%85%94%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A6" title="玉兔号月球车">玉兔号</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%9B%9B%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥四号">四号</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%85%94%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A6" title="玉兔二号月球车">玉兔二号</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA_(%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8)" title="创世纪 (航天器)">创世纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%AE%A2%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="好客号月球探测器">好客号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%85%94-R_M1" title="白兔-R M1">白兔-R 1号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8" title="智能月球探測器">智能月球探測器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E9%9A%BC%E5%8F%B7%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8" title="游隼号月球着陆器">游隼号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E8%A7%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8Nova-C%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8" title="直觉机器Nova-C月球着陆器">Nova-C</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%BE%B7%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8" title="奥德修斯月球着陆器">奥德修斯号</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E6%A0%B7%E8%BF%94%E5%9B%9E" title="采样返回">样品返回任务</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8315%E5%8F%B7" title="月球15号">月球15号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8316%E5%8F%B7" title="月球16号">16号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8318%E5%8F%B7" title="月球18号">18号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8320%E5%8F%B7" title="月球20号">20号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8323%E5%8F%B7" title="月球23号">23号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8324%E5%8F%B7" title="月球24号">24号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%BA%94%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥五号">嫦娥五号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%85%AD%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥六号">六号</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">载人任务</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%978%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗8号">阿波罗8号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9710%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗10号">10号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9711%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗11号">11号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9712%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗12号">12号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9713%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗13号">13号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9714%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗14号">14号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9715%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗15号">15号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9716%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗16号">16号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%9717%E5%8F%B7" title="阿波罗17号">17号</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">未來計畫</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%BF%92%E5%BC%A5%E6%96%AF%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="阿耳忒弥斯计划">阿耳忒弥斯计划</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%B1%B3%E7%B5%B22%E8%99%9F" title="阿提米絲2號">2號</a> (2024~2025)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%B1%B3%E7%B5%B23%E8%99%9F" title="阿提米絲3號">3號</a> (2025~2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%B1%B3%E7%B5%B24%E8%99%9F" title="阿提米絲4號">4號</a> (2026~2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E7%B1%B3%E7%B5%B25%E8%99%9F" title="阿提米絲5號">5號</a> (2026~2030)</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国探月工程">中国探月工程</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E4%B8%83%E8%99%9F" title="嫦娥七號">嫦娥七号</a>(2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AB%A6%E5%A8%A5%E5%85%AB%E5%8F%B7" title="嫦娥八号">八号</a>(2028~2029)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%BD%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="中国载人月球探测工程">载人登月</a>(2030前)</li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> 月球 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8326%E5%8F%B7" title="月球26号">26号</a>(2027)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8327%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球27号（页面不存在）">27号</a>（俄语：<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-27" class="extiw" title="ru:Луна-27">Луна-27</a>）(2028)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%8328%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球28号（页面不存在）">28号</a>（俄语：<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-28" class="extiw" title="ru:Луна-28">Луна-28</a>）(2030)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7" title="月球门户">月球门户</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E7%A0%94%E7%AB%99" title="国际月球科研站">国际月球科研站</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">已经取消</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LK%E7%99%BB%E6%9C%88%E8%88%B1" title="LK登月舱">LK登月舱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A2%E6%AD%A5%E8%A1%8C%E8%80%85#月球車3號" title="月面步行者">月面步行者三号</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A11%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探测任务1号（页面不存在）">探测任务1号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Lunar_Outpost" class="extiw" title="en:First Lunar Outpost">First Lunar Outpost</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B5%E7%89%9B%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%B7" title="牵牛星号">牵牛星号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB-%E7%AC%A6%E9%A8%B0%E5%A0%A1%E4%B8%80%E8%99%9F" title="巴登-符騰堡一號">巴登-符腾堡1号</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89_(%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月光 (探测器)（页面不存在）">月光／月耙</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MoonLITE" class="extiw" title="en:MoonLITE">MoonLITE</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%BD%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="国际月球卫星网（页面不存在）">国际月球卫星网</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Lunar_Network" class="extiw" title="en:International Lunar Network">International Lunar Network</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%AE%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月亮女神二号（页面不存在）">月亮女神二号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SELENE-2" class="extiw" title="en:SELENE-2">SELENE-2</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A2%E6%9C%88%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F1%E5%8F%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="探月卫星1号（页面不存在）">探月卫星1号</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Mission_One" class="extiw" title="en:Lunar Mission One">Lunar Mission One</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%B2%E7%88%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="亲爱的月球">亲爱的月球</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">参阅</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="月球探测">月球探测</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="登陸月球">登陸月球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="月球殖民">月球殖民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球人造物体列表">月球人造物体列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="月球探测器列表">月球探测任务列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%BE%80%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="前往月球的航天任务列表">前往月球的航天任务列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E6%AD%8C%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83X%E5%A4%A7%E5%A5%96" title="谷歌月球X大奖">谷歌月球X大奖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%99%BB%E6%9C%88%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E9%98%B4%E8%B0%8B%E8%AE%BA" title="阿波罗登月计划阴谋论">阿波罗登月计划阴谋论</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><div>現役任務以粗體标示 <img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Category:月球">月球分类</a>  · <img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="Portal:月球">月球主題</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:地球科學">地球科学主題</a> · <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Portal:太阳系">太陽系主題</a>  · <img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /> <a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="WikiProject:月球">月球专题</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="類地行星與小行星的衛星" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%88%87%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Template:類地行星與小行星的衛星"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%88%87%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Template talk:類地行星與小行星的衛星"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%88%87%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:類地行星與小行星的衛星"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="類地行星與小行星的衛星" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="類地行星">類地行星</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="衛星">衛星</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px;"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="font-weight:bold;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="火星的衛星">火星</a></td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="1" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="小行星衛星">小行星衛星</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;text-align: center;;;;width:33%;"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;;width:33%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="火卫一">火衛一（福波斯）</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="火卫二">火衛二（得摩斯）</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;text-align: center;;;;width:33%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9B%99%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="Category:雙小行星">雙小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="小行星衛星">列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="太陽系的天然衛星" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Template:太陽系的衛星"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Template talk:太陽系的衛星"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:太陽系的衛星"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="太陽系的天然衛星" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="衛星">天然衛星</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天然卫星列表">行星的衛星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83#衛星" title="地球">地球的衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="火星的衛星">火星的衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="木星的卫星">木星的卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="土星的卫星">土星的卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="天王星的卫星">天王星的卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="海王星的卫星">海王星的卫星</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Jupiter_family.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jupiter_family.jpg/150px-Jupiter_family.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jupiter_family.jpg/225px-Jupiter_family.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Jupiter_family.jpg/300px-Jupiter_family.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2081" data-file-height="1654" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg/150px-PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg/225px-PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg/300px-PIA19856-PlutoCharon-NewHorizons-Color-20150714.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2526" data-file-height="501" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:243_ida_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/243_ida_crop.jpg/150px-243_ida_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/243_ida_crop.jpg/225px-243_ida_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/243_ida_crop.jpg/300px-243_ida_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="618" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天然卫星列表">矮行星的卫星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星的衛星">冥王星的衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星的卫星">妊神星的卫星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">鸟卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="阋卫一">阋卫一</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="小行星衛星">小行星的卫星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>• 近地小行星：</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F3122" title="小行星3122">佛罗伦斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F3671" title="小行星3671">狄俄倪索斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F65803" class="mw-redirect" title="小行星65803">迪迪莫斯</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F66391&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星66391（页面不存在）">1999 KW4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F136617&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星136617（页面不存在）">1994 CC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F153591&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星153591（页面不存在）">2001 SN263</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F285263" title="小行星285263">1998 QE2</a> </li> <li>主带小行星：</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E8%B5%8B%E6%98%9F" title="司赋星">司赋星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="丽神星">丽神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%82%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="桂神星">桂神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F45" title="小行星45">香女星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="林神星">林神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="慧神星">慧神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="驶神星">驶神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%82%E5%A5%B3%E6%98%9F" title="怂女星">怂女星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B7%E5%90%8E%E6%98%9F" title="艷后星">艳后星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%A5%B3%E6%98%9F" title="艾女星">艾女星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F283" title="小行星283">艾玛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F317" title="小行星317">罗克珊娜星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F762" title="小行星762">普尔科瓦星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F1509" title="小行星1509">埃斯克兰贡星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F3749" title="小行星3749">巴兰星</a> </li> <li>木星特洛伊小行星：</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F617" title="小行星617">帕特罗克洛斯星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F624" title="小行星624">赫克特星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F3548" title="小行星3548">欧律巴忒斯星</a> </li> <li>海王星外天体：</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F47171" title="小行星47171">恶神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="创神星">创神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55637" title="小行星55637">2002 UX25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%82%E9%AD%84%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="魂魄神星">魂魄神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="亡神星">亡神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F120347" title="小行星120347">潫神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F174567" title="小行星174567">瓦尔妲星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%B7%A5%E6%98%9F" title="共工星">共工星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F229762" title="小行星229762">雹神星</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F532037&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="小行星532037（页面不存在）">2013 FY27</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">较大的卫星</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>• <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89" title="木卫三">木卫三</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AD" title="土卫六">土卫六</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B" title="木卫四">木卫四</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="木卫一">木卫一</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="木卫二">木卫二</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="海卫一">海卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89" title="天卫三">天卫三</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94" title="土卫五">土卫五</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B" title="天卫四">天卫四</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB" title="土卫八">土卫八</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="冥卫一">冥卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="天卫二">天卫二</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="天卫一">天卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E5%9B%9B" title="土卫四">土卫四</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%89" title="土卫三">土卫三</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="阋卫一">阋卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="土卫二">土卫二</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%94" title="天卫五">天卫五</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="亡卫一">亡卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E5%85%AB" title="海卫八">海卫八</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="土卫一">土卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%93%A6%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="瓦卫一（页面不存在）">瓦卫一</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmar%C3%AB_(moon)" class="extiw" title="en:Ilmarë (moon)">Ilmarë (moon)</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="海卫二">海卫二</a></li> <li>...</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体发现时间列表">發現的時間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天然卫星列表">列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A7%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="內衛星">內衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="不規則衛星">不規則衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%8F%E5%89%87%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="規則衛星">規則衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行星大小的卫星（页面不存在）">行星大小的卫星</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary-mass_moon" class="extiw" title="en:Planetary-mass moon">Planetary-mass moon</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D" title="卫星的命名">命名</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卫星的卫星（页面不存在）">卫星的卫星</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsatellite" class="extiw" title="en:Subsatellite">Subsatellite</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="特洛伊卫星">特洛伊卫星</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="太阳系" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Template:太阳系"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Template talk:太阳系"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:太阳系"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="太阳系" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Solar_System_Template_2.png" decoding="async" width="666" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_fe2b4b563cdc4379" /><map name="ImageMap_fe2b4b563cdc4379"><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="太阳" title="太阳" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="水星" title="水星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="金星" title="金星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" shape="circle" coords="203,8,4" alt="月球" title="月球" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" shape="circle" coords="194,18,8" alt="地球" title="地球" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="火星" title="火星" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="239,13,3" alt="火卫一和火卫二" title="火卫一和火卫二" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="271,18,8" alt="穀神星" title="穀神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="小行星主带" title="小行星主带" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="317,18,15" alt="木星" title="木星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="329,5,6" alt="木星的卫星" title="木星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="298,15,335,20" alt="木星环" title="木星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="土星" title="土星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="土星的卫星" title="土星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="353,5,389,31" alt="土星环" title="土星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="天王星" title="天王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="天王星的卫星" title="天王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="408,4,429,34" alt="天王星环" title="天王星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="海王星" title="海王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="471,10,3" alt="海王星的卫星" title="海王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="441,9,485,28" alt="海王星环" title="海王星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="504,18,8" alt="冥王星" title="冥王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="510,13,3" alt="冥王星的卫星" title="冥王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="534,18,8" alt="妊神星" title="妊神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="540,13,3" alt="妊神星的卫星" title="妊神星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="567,18,8" alt="鸟神星" title="鸟神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="柯伊伯带" title="柯伊伯带" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="596,18,8" alt="阋神星" title="阋神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" shape="circle" coords="602,13,3" alt="阋卫一" title="阋卫一" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="離散盤" title="離散盤" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" shape="rect" coords="623,0,640,35" alt="山形云" title="山形云" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="奥尔特云" title="奥尔特云" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a> • <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E5%9C%88" title="太陽圈">太陽圈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="行星" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星">金星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星">火星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星的卫星">火卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="木星的卫星">木衛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="木星环">木星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" title="土星">土星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="土星的卫星">土卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="土星环">土星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="天王星">天王星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="天王星的卫星">天卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="天王星环">天王星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="海王星">海王星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="海王星的卫星">海卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="海王星环">海王星环</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="矮行星">矮行星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="穀神星">穀神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="冥王星的卫星">冥卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星">妊神星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星的卫星">妊卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="鸟神星">鸟神星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">鳥卫一</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="阋神星">阋神星</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="阋卫一">阋卫一</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="太阳系小天体" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding: 0.35em; text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E5%B0%8F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="太陽系小天體">太阳系 小天体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a> （<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="微型行星">微型行星</a>）</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="小行星族" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%97%8F" title="Category:小行星族">小行星族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="祝融型小行星">祝融型小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="近地天体">近地小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" title="主小行星帶">主小行星帶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="特洛伊天体">特洛伊天体</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="木星特洛伊">木星特洛伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="海王星特洛伊">海王星特洛伊</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E6%97%8F" title="希尔达族">希尔达族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%BA%BA%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="半人马小行星">半人马小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="小行星衛星">小行星衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F%E4%BD%93" title="流星体">流星体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="智神星">小行星2智神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%9A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="婚神星">小行星3婚神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="灶神星">小行星4灶神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="健神星">小行星10健神星</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">另见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%BC%E5%BE%97%E9%97%9C%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="值得關注的小行星列表">小行星列表</a>。</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%96%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="海王星外天體">海王星 外天体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="古柏带" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6" title="柯伊伯带">古柏带</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E6%97%8F%E5%B0%8F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="冥族小天體">冥族小天體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="亡神星">小行星90482亡神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F28978" title="小行星28978">小行星28978伊克西翁</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E5%8F%A4%E6%9F%8F%E5%B8%B6%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="傳統古柏帶天體">傳統古柏帶天體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55637" title="小行星55637">小行星55637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F20000" title="小行星20000">小行星20000伐罗那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F15760" title="小行星15760">小行星15760</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55636" title="小行星55636">小行星55636</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="创神星">小行星50000创神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="雨神星">小行星38628雨神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55565" title="小行星55565">小行星55565</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" title="離散盤">離散盤</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F84522" title="小行星84522">小行星84522</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_XR190" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 XR190">2004 XR190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F90377" class="mw-redirect" title="小行星90377">小行星90377賽德娜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="周期彗星列表">周期彗星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="非週期彗星列表">非周期彗星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9%E5%85%8B%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="达摩克型小行星">达摩克型小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="内奥尔特云">内欧特云</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">欧特云</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: smaller"><div>另见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90%E4%B8%8E%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="太阳系的形成与演化">太阳系的形成与演化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体发现时间列表">太阳系天体发现时间列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体列表">轨道列表</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体大小列表">大小列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%81%87%E8%A8%AD%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太陽系的假設天體列表">太陽系的假設天體列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="太阳系模型">太阳系模型</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Portal:太阳系">太阳系主题</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="地球" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="Template:地球"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="Template talk:地球"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:地球"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="地球" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">歷史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%B9%B4%E9%BD%A1" title="地球的年齡">地球的年齡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%8F%B2" title="生命史">生命进化史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4%E8%BC%95%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E9%BB%AF%E6%B7%A1%E4%BD%AF%E8%AC%AC" title="年輕太陽黯淡佯謬">年輕太陽黯淡佯謬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90%E4%B8%8E%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="太阳系的形成与演化">太阳系的形成与演化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86" title="地球的未來">地球的未來</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%99%E9%81%A0%E6%9C%AA%E4%BE%86%E7%9A%84%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A" title="遙遠未來的時間線">遙遠未來的時間線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" title="地质年代">地质年代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="地球地质历史">地球地质历史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="地球歷史">地球歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96%E5%8E%86%E7%A8%8B" title="生命演化历程">生命演化历程</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg/150px-Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg/225px-Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg/300px-Earth_Eastern_Hemisphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="2048" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="地理学">地理学</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%AD%A6" title="地质学">地质学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%8E%B1%E7%BD%97%E5%AE%9A%E7%90%86" title="克莱罗定理">克莱罗定理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%B2" title="洲">洲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87" title="地震">地震</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93%E9%9A%86%E8%B5%B7" title="赤道隆起">赤道隆起</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%A5%B5%E9%BB%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球極點（页面不存在）">地球極點</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extremes_on_Earth" class="extiw" title="en:Extremes on Earth">Extremes on Earth</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="太陽系類地行星地質歷史（页面不存在）">太陽系類地行星地質歷史</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geology_of_solar_terrestrial_planets" class="extiw" title="en:Geology of solar terrestrial planets">Geology of solar terrestrial planets</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="地球物理学">地球物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%E6%9E%84%E9%80%A0%E8%AE%BA" title="板块构造论">板块构造论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="地球構造">地球構造</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="时区列表">時區</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E5%AD%A6" title="生态学">生态学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%97%A5" title="世界地球日">世界地球日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="全球暖化">全球暖化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E5%B0%8D%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="人類對環境的影響">人类对环境的影响</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_impact_on_the_environment" class="extiw" title="en:Human impact on the environment">Human impact on the environment</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E6%B5%8B%E5%9B%BE" title="数字测图">数字测图</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="蘋果地圖">蘋果地圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%BA%A6%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="百度地图">百度地图</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%B5%E6%96%87%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梵文地球（页面不存在）">梵文地球</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhuvan" class="extiw" title="en:Bhuvan">Bhuvan</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bing_Maps" title="Bing Maps">Bing Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="地球地圖（页面不存在）">地球地圖</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Map" class="extiw" title="en:Global Map">Global Map</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%E5%9C%B0%E5%9B%BE" title="Google地图">Google地图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="Google地球">Google地球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_World_Wind" title="NASA World Wind">NASA World Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_(%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)" title="Here (公司)">Here地图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E8%A1%97%E5%9C%96" title="開放街圖">開放街圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="維基衛星地圖">WikiMapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A5%E6%84%9F" title="遥感">遥感</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E8%99%8E%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="雅虎地圖">雅虎地圖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%9C%E7%8B%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%9C%96" title="搜狗地圖">搜狗地圖</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">藝術 · 文化 · 社会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文化中的地球（页面不存在）">文化中的地球</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_in_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Earth in culture">Earth in culture</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%B9%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科幻小说中的地球（页面不存在）">科幻小说中的地球</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_in_science_fiction" class="extiw" title="en:Earth in science fiction">Earth in science fiction</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83#命名和辭源" title="地球">“地球”的辞源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="世界歷史">世界歷史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%B3%95" title="国际法">国际法</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E6%99%AF%E7%95%AB" title="風景畫">景觀藝術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8D%80%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="世界政區索引">國家列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="世界經濟">世界經濟</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="天文学">天文学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地球的運動</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%81%93" title="黄道">黄道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%AC" title="地球自转">地球自转</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%85%AC%E8%BD%AC" title="地球公转">地球公转</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="地球轨道">地球轨道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="地球引力">地球引力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%A3%81%E5%9C%BA" title="地磁场">地磁场</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%9C%A8%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%8D%E7%BD%AE" title="地球在宇宙中的位置">地球在宇宙中的位置</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94)" title="凌 (天體)">凌日</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="日食">日食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%9F" title="月食">月食</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="月球上的日食">月球上的日食</a></li> <li>行星凌日 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83)" class="mw-redirect" title="金星凌日 (地球)">金星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83)" class="mw-redirect" title="水星凌日 (地球)">水星</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83#衛星" title="地球">卫星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">月球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="地球的其他衛星">地球的其他衛星</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="地球特洛伊">地球特洛伊</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_TK7" title="2010 TK7">2010 TK7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2020_XL5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2020 XL5（页面不存在）">2020 XL5</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(614689)_2020_XL5" class="extiw" title="en:(614689) 2020 XL5">(614689)_2020_XL5</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BC%8A%E4%BA%9A_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F)" title="忒伊亚 (行星)">特亞</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="近地天体">近地天体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="阿波羅型小行星">阿波羅型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8E%AB%E7%88%BE%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="阿莫爾型小行星">阿莫爾型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%99%BB%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="阿登型小行星">阿登型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%8C%E5%88%A9%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="阿波希利型小行星">阿波希利型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="地球軌道穿越小行星">地球軌道穿越型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="近地小行星">近地小行星</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%96%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="準衛星">準衛星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F3753" title="小行星3753">小行星3753</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F85770" title="小行星85770">小行星85770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_AA29" title="2002 AA29">2002_AA29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_YN107" title="2003 YN107">2003_YN107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F164207" title="小行星164207">小行星164207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_RH120" title="2006 RH120">2006 RH120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_SO16" title="2010 SO16">2010_SO16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_HO3" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 HO3">2016_HO3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_CD3" title="2020 CD3">2020_CD3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">其他议题</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%88" title="生物圈">生物圈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B9%8B%E6%97%97" title="地球之旗">地球之旗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E8%BF%AA%E8%90%8A%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E9%9B%B2" title="柯迪萊夫斯基雲">柯迪萊夫斯基雲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%BB%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E6%A8%A1%E6%8B%9F%E5%99%A8" title="活地球模拟器">活地球模拟器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="text-align: center;;font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:地球科学">地球科學分类</a></li> <li><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Portal:地球科學">地球科學主題頁</a></li> <li><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Portal:太阳系">太陽系主題頁</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1240375/">FAST</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/311490648">VIAF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX456648">西班牙</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119358377">法国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119358377">BnF data</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1085673251">德国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007543533805171">以色列</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85087107">美国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000055659&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00573509">日本</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117905&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000229177&local_base=nsk10">克罗地亚</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">地理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/place/73cba8a4-cacb-45b9-8e02-654f716e2e7a">MusicBrainz place</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046559">NARA</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027282414">IdRef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=月球&oldid=84945794">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=月球&oldid=84945794</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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[\"CITEREFColaprete,_A.;_Schultz,_P.;_Heldmann,_J.;_Wooden,_D.;_Shirley,_M.;_Ennico,_K.;_Hermalyn,_B.;_Marshall,_W;_Ricco,_A.;_Elphic,_R._C.;_Goldstein,_D.;_Summy,_D.;_Bart,_G._D.;_Asphaug,_E.;_Korycansky,_D.;_Landis,_D.;_Sollitt,_L.2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFColaprete2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFConsolmagno1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoren2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCoulter2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCovault2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrotts2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDana_Mackenzie2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaniel_Clery2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDickey1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDickinson1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDuncan1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEspenak\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEvans1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldman1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarrick-BethellWeissShusterBuz2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGillis1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlobus1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuthrie,_D.V.1947\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHall1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHartmannQuantinMangold2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHead2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeiken1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHershenson1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHiesinger2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHood1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFImke_Pannen2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJonathan_Amos2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJones2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKleine2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKonopliv2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLakdawalla2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLambeck1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLatham1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaunius1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawrence,_D._J.1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLawson2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLe_Provost1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLewis1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLilienfeldArkowitz2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLovett\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLucey2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuciuk,_Mike\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMargot,_J._L.;_Campbell,_D._B.;_Jurgens,_R._F.;_Slade,_M._A.1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMark_Garcia\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartel2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartel2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatthews2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMelosh1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitler1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorais2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMuller1968\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMunsell2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurray,_C.D._and_Dermott,_S.F.1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeedham1986\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFNemchinTimmsPidgeonGeisler2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNield2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNorman2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Connor1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPahlevan2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPahlevanStevenson2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPapike1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhil_Plait\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhillips,_Tony2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPieters2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPietersTompkinsHeadHess1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRasmussen1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRay2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRobertson2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFS._Maurice\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaal2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSarma2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchubert2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchultz1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchultz2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSeedhouse2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShearer2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpekkens2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpudis,_Paul_D.;_Cook,_A.;_Robinson,_M.;_Bussey,_B.;_Fessler,_B.1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpudis1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpudis2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSpudis2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSridharan2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStern1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStevenson1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStroud2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor1998\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTaylor2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTeague2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThieman2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTonks1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTouma1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFV_V_Belet︠s︡kiĭ2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVan_Helden1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVarricchio2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard1975\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarren1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWiechertHallidayLeeSnyder2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWieczorek2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilhelms1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliams2006\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWlasuk,_Peter2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZak2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFvan_der_Waerden1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREF新京报2018\"] = 1,\n [\"Exploration\"] = 1,\n [\"Observation\"] = 1,\n [\"Orbit_and_relationship_to_Earth\"] = 1,\n [\"Study_and_exploration\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"=\"] = 3,\n [\"Anchor\"] = 6,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 24,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 60,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 10,\n [\"Cite press release\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 87,\n [\"Clear\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons+cat\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 2,\n [\"Distinguish\"] = 1,\n [\"Esp\"] = 4,\n [\"Harnvb\"] = 4,\n [\"Include\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox Planet\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 18,\n [\"Lower\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 16,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 4,\n [\"NoteTA\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 28,\n [\"Otheruses\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal box\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 2,\n [\"See also\"] = 5,\n [\"Seealso\"] = 1,\n [\"Unbulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"Val\"] = 1,\n [\"Wayback\"] = 3,\n [\"Wide image\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikisource further reading\"] = 1,\n [\"Wiktionary\"] = 1,\n [\"地球\"] = 1,\n [\"太阳系\"] = 1,\n [\"太陽系的衛星\"] = 1,\n [\"月球\"] = 1,\n [\"月球任务\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","380","21.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","260","14.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","12.6"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","140","8.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","100","5.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","100","5.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getEntityStatements","80","4.6"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::plain","60","3.4"],["makeCheckSelfFunction \u003ClibraryUtil.lua:59\u003E","40","2.3"],["select_one 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