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火星 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&amp;returnto=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&amp;returnto=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-命名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#命名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>命名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-命名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-物理性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物理性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>物理性质</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关物理性质子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-內部結構" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#內部結構"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>內部結構</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-內部結構-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地理特征" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地理特征"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>地理特征</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-地理特征-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关地理特征子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-地理特征-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-地質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>地質</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-地形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#地形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>地形</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-地形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-火山" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#火山"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>火山</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-火山-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-陨石坑" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#陨石坑"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>陨石坑</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-陨石坑-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-板塊邊界" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#板塊邊界"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>板塊邊界</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-板塊邊界-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-洞穴" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#洞穴"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>洞穴</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-洞穴-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大氣" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大氣"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>大氣</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大氣-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-天气和气候" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#天气和气候"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>天气和气候</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-天气和气候-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-水文" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水文"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>水文</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水文-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-运动规律" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#运动规律"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>运动规律</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-运动规律-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-衛星" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#衛星"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>衛星</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-衛星-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-觀測探测" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#觀測探测"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>觀測探测</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-觀測探测-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关觀測探测子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-觀測探测-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-古代" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#古代"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>古代</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-古代-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20世紀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20世紀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>20世紀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20世紀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21世紀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21世紀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>21世紀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21世紀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-人類登陸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#人類登陸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>人類登陸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-人類登陸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-火星生命" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#火星生命"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>火星生命</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-火星生命-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相关文化及网络用语" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相关文化及网络用语"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>相关文化及网络用语</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相关文化及网络用语-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">火星</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。249种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-249" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">249种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Planet)" title="Mars (Planet) – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Mars (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5" title="ማርስ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማርስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiw_(tungol)" title="Tiw (tungol) – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Tiw (tungol)" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maas" title="Maas – 奥博洛语" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Maas" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奥博洛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगल ग्रह – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मंगल ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="المريخ – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المريخ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="لمريخ – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لمريخ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="مريخ – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مريخ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="মঙ্গল গ্ৰহ – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মঙ্গল গ্ৰহ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगल ग्रह – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="मंगल ग्रह" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="مریخ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مریخ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Planet)" title="Mars (Planet) – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Mars (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsos" title="Marsos – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Marsos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marih" title="Marih – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Marih" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगल ग्रह – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मंगल ग्रह" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B9" title="মঙ্গল গ্রহ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মঙ্গল গ্রহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="མིག་དམར། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མིག་དམར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meurzh_(planedenn)" title="Meurzh (planedenn) – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Meurzh (planedenn)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_(%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3)" title="Мигмар (гараг) – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Мигмар (гараг)" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart_(planeta)" title="Mart (planeta) – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mart (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hu%C5%8Di-s%C4%ADng" title="Huōi-sĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Huōi-sĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%B9%E1%8F%8F" title="ᎹᏏ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎹᏏ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_(%DA%AF%DB%95%DA%95%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%95)" title="بارام (گەڕەستێرە) – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بارام (گەڕەستێرە)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cr mw-list-item"><a href="https://cr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Archives/%E1%92%A5%E1%90%A6%E1%91%B2%E1%90%A7%E1%91%96%E1%95%81" title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᒥᐦᑲᐧᑖᕁ – 克里语" lang="cr" hreflang="cr" data-title="Wikipedia:Archives/ᒥᐦᑲᐧᑖᕁ" data-language-autonym="Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ" data-language-local-name="克里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merih" title="Merih – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Merih" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeta)" title="Mars (planeta) – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mars (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 卡舒比语" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="卡舒比语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%94%D0%B8" title="Арєи – 教会斯拉夫语" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Арєи" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="教会斯拉夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mawrth_(planed)" title="Mawrth (planed) – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mawrth (planed)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet) – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mars (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Planet)" title="Mars (Planet) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mars (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet) – 下索布语" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Mars (planet)" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="下索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगलग्रह – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="मंगलग्रह" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A2" title="མིག་དམར – 宗卡语" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="མིག་དམར" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="宗卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ཇོང་ཁ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%82_(%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82)" title="Άρης (πλανήτης) – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άρης (πλανήτης)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8rt" title="Mèrt – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Mèrt" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marso_(planedo)" title="Marso (planedo) – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marso (planedo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marss" title="Marss – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Marss" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marti_(praneta)" title="Marti (praneta) – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Marti (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="مریخ – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مریخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marss" title="Marss – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Marss" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceni" title="Aceni – 斐济语" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Aceni" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="斐济语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(gongustj%C3%B8rna)" title="Mars (gongustjørna) – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mars (gongustjørna)" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(plan%C3%A8te)" title="Mars (planète) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mars (planète)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2rs_(plan%C3%A8ta)" title="Mârs (planèta) – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Mârs (planèta)" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart" title="Mart – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Mart" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeet)" title="Mars (planeet) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mars (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(pl%C3%A1in%C3%A9ad)" title="Mars (pláinéad) – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mars (pláinéad)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="火星" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Mars (planèt) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Mars (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corg" title="Corg – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Corg" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="مريخ – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="مريخ" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbyja_Pyt%C3%A3" title="Mbyja Pytã – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Mbyja Pytã" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B3" title="मंगळ – 孔卡尼文" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="मंगळ" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="孔卡尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B3_(%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%B9)" title="મંગળ (ગ્રહ) – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મંગળ (ગ્રહ)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart" title="Mart – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Mart" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B3-s%C3%AAn" title="Fó-sên – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Fó-sên" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%8Dk%C5%AB%CA%BBula" title="Hōkūʻula – 夏威夷语" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Hōkūʻula" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="夏威夷语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מאדים – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מאדים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगल ग्रह – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मंगल ग्रह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangalgrah" title="Mangalgrah – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mangalgrah" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 上索布语" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mas_(plan%C3%A8t)" title="Mas (planèt) – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mas (planèt)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(bolyg%C3%B3)" title="Mars (bolygó) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mars (bolygó)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD_(%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF)" title="Մարս (մոլորակ) – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարս (մոլորակ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF_%D5%B4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF_(%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD)" title="Հրատ մոլորակ (Մարս) – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Հրատ մոլորակ (Մարս)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 国际文字(E)" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="国际文字(E)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayuqtu%C4%A1lu_Ti%C4%A1igannia%C4%A1lu" title="Kayuqtuġlu Tiġiganniaġlu – 伊努皮克语" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Kayuqtuġlu Tiġiganniaġlu" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="伊努皮克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мингал – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Мингал" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marso" title="Marso – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Marso" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(reikistjarna)" title="Mars (reikistjarna) – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mars (reikistjarna)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(astronomia)" title="Marte (astronomia) – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marte (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="火星" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maarz" title="Maarz – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Maarz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/mars" title="mars – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="mars" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="მარსი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeta)" title="Mars (planeta) – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mars (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezwe%C9%A3" title="Mezweɣ – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Mezweɣ" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maar%C9%A9s%C9%A9" title="Maarɩsɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maarɩsɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mat" title="Mat – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Mat" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maasi" title="Maasi – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Maasi" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%96%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A" title="ភពអង្គារ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភពអង្គារ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3_(%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%B9)" title="ಮಂಗಳ (ಗ್ರಹ) – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಂಗಳ (ಗ್ರಹ)" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%EC%84%B1" title="화성 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85" title="بوم – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="بوم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Planet)" title="Mars (Planet) – 科隆语" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Mars (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="科隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behram_(gerst%C3%AArk)" title="Behram (gerstêrk) – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Behram (gerstêrk)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meurth_(planet)" title="Meurth (planet) – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Meurth (planet)" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeta)" title="Mars (planeta) – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mars (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Plan%C3%A9it)" title="Mars (Planéit) – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mars (Planéit)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeet)" title="Mars (planeet) – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mars (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(astronomia)" title="Marte (astronomia) – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Marte (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(pianeta)" title="Marte (pianeta) – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Marte (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rsi_(monz%C9%94%CC%81t%C9%94)" title="Mársi (monzɔ́tɔ) – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mársi (monzɔ́tɔ)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ດາວອັງຄານ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດາວອັງຄານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsas_(planeta)" title="Marsas (planeta) – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Marsas (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marss_(plan%C4%93ta)" title="Marss (planēta) – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Marss (planēta)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%82%D1%8F%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5)" title="Марс (шары тяште) – 莫克沙语" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Марс (шары тяште)" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="莫克沙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsa_(planeta)" title="Marsa (planeta) – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Marsa (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Марс (планета) – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Марс (планета)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5" title="ചൊവ്വ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചൊവ്വ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Ангараг – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ангараг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A9%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9B%EA%AF%84_%EA%AF%8A%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="မာရ်သ် – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="မာရ်သ်" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B3_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मंगळ ग्रह – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मंगळ ग्रह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marikh" title="Marikh – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Marikh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(pjaneta)" title="Marte (pjaneta) – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Marte (pjaneta)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B9%E1%80%82%E1%80%AB%E1%80%82%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9F%E1%80%BA" title="အင်္ဂါဂြိုဟ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အင်္ဂါဂြိုဟ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="مریخ – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مریخ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chichilcitlalpol" title="Chichilcitlalpol – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Chichilcitlalpol" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 那不勒斯语" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="那不勒斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(Planet)" title="Mars (Planet) – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mars (Planet)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeet)" title="Mars (planeet) – 低萨克森语" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mars (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="低萨克森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9" title="मङ्गल ग्रह – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मङ्गल ग्रह" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81" title="इनाय्‌नगु – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इनाय्‌नगु" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 尼亚斯语" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planeet)" title="Mars (planeet) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mars (planeet)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planeten_Mars" title="Planeten Mars – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Planeten Mars" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet) – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mars (planet)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planete)" title="Mars (planete) – 諾維亞文" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Mars (planete)" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="諾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A4%DF%90%DF%9E%DF%8E" title="ߤߐߞߎ – 西非书面文字" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߤߐߞߎ" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="西非书面文字" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1az" title="Máaz – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Máaz" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart_(planeta)" title="Mart (planeta) – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mart (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planiettu)" title="Mars (planiettu) – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mars (planiettu)" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maarsii" title="Maarsii – 奥罗莫语" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Maarsii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="奥罗莫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%B3" title="ମଙ୍ଗଳ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମଙ୍ଗଳ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%C3%A6)" title="Марс (планетæ) – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Марс (планетæ)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B2_(%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF)" title="ਮੰਗਲ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ) – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੰਗਲ (ਗ੍ਰਹਿ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marti" title="Marti – 邦板牙语" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Marti" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="邦板牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 尼日利亚皮钦语" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="尼日利亚皮钦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart_(pianeta)" title="Mart (pianeta) – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Mart (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="مریخ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مریخ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="مريخ – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="مريخ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planeta)" title="Marte (planeta) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Marte (planeta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awqakuq" title="Awqakuq – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Awqakuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet) – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Mars (planet)" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manjor" title="Manjor – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Manjor" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(planet%C4%83)" title="Marte (planetă) – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marte (planetă)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marti" title="Marti – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Marti" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Марс (планета) – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Марс (планета)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umubumbe_wa_Mars" title="Umubumbe wa Mars – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Umubumbe wa Mars" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%83" title="मङ्गलः – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मङ्गलः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9_%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E" title="ᱴᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱴᱤᱨᱟᱹ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(praneta)" title="Marte (praneta) – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Marte (praneta)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marti_(pianeta)" title="Marti (pianeta) – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Marti (pianeta)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurs" title="Maurs – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Maurs" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="مريخ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مريخ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 北方萨米语" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="北方萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imzwi%C9%A3" title="Imzwiɣ – 希尔哈语" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Imzwiɣ" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="希尔哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%9F%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%80" title="අඟහරු ග්‍රහලොව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අඟහරු ග්‍රහලොව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 伊纳里萨米语" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="伊纳里萨米语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murongazuva" title="Murongazuva – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Murongazuva" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farraare" title="Farraare – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Farraare" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsi" title="Marsi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Marsi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planet)" title="Mars (planet) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mars (planet)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirihi" title="Mirihi – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mirihi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 西里西亚语" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D)" title="செவ்வாய் (கோள்) – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செவ்வாய் (கோள்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%95" title="ಅಂಗಾರಕ – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಅಂಗಾರಕ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="అంగారకుడు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అంగారకుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Миррих – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Миррих" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3" title="ดาวอังคาร – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ดาวอังคาร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Марс (планета) – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Марс (планета)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanya_la_Chivuvuzi" title="Chanya la Chivuvuzi – 通布卡语" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Chanya la Chivuvuzi" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="通布卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feti%E2%80%99a_%E2%80%99ura" title="Feti’a ’ura – 塔希提语" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Feti’a ’ura" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="塔希提语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 图瓦语" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="图瓦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81" title="Марс – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Марс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="مارس – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مارس" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_(%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Марс (планета) – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марс (планета)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="مریخ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مریخ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte_(astronomia)" title="Marte (astronomia) – 威尼斯语" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Marte (astronomia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="威尼斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sao_H%E1%BB%8Fa" title="Sao Hỏa – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sao Hỏa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planete)" title="Mars (planete) – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mars (planete)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mard" title="Mard – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mard" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5ss_(planete)" title="Måss (planete) – 瓦隆语" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Måss (planete)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="瓦隆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marte" title="Marte – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Marte" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maas" title="Maas – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Maas" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="火星 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="火星" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81_%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3" title="Марс һариг – 卡尔梅克语" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Марс һариг" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡尔梅克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars" title="Mars – 科萨语" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Mars" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="科萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90)" title="მოროხი (პლანეტა) – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მოროხი (პლანეტა)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D" title="מאדים – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאדים" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rs%C3%AC" title="Mársì – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mársì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndaundeiqfeiz" title="Ndaundeiqfeiz – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Ndaundeiqfeiz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(planete)" title="Mars (planete) – 西蘭文" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Mars (planete)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="西蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%96" title="ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ – 标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵉⵎⵣⵡⵉⵖ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="标准摩洛哥塔马塞特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%92%E6%83%91" title="熒惑 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="熒惑" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3e-chhe%E2%81%BF" title="Hóe-chheⁿ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hóe-chheⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li 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.ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_long plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此条目<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A/%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%80%E7%AB%A0%E7%AF%80" title="Wikipedia:格式手冊/序言章節">序言章節</a>也許過於冗長。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2024年9月4日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>遵从维基百科的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8C" title="Wikipedia:格式手册">格式准则</a>,请考虑精簡序言或將部分內容移至主文。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-8a42aa0e" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Unit"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">&#160;&#160;</span><span class="mobile"></span></span>关于与「<b>火星</b>」標題相近或相同的条目页,請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="火星 (消歧義)">火星 (消歧義)</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">火星 <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_symbol_(bold).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="火星的天文符號"><img alt="♂" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/25px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/38px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg/50px-Mars_symbol_%28bold%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png/220px-Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png/330px-Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png/440px-Mars_-_August_30_2021_-_Flickr_-_Kevin_M._Gill.png 2x" data-file-width="1558" data-file-height="1558" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">火星的真實色彩影像,由<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="阿联酋希望号火星探测器">阿联酋希望号火星探测器</a>拍攝</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E8AB79;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="軌道參數">軌道參數</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%86%E5%85%83" title="曆元">曆元</a> <a href="/wiki/J2000" class="mw-redirect" title="J2000">J2000</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">遠日點</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.492 3×10<sup>8</sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" title="公里">km</a><br />1.666 <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D" title="天文單位">AU</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%B1%E9%BB%9E" title="拱點">近日點</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.066 2×10<sup>8</sup> km<br />1.381 AU</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%95%B7%E8%BB%B8" title="半長軸">半長軸</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.279 366×10<sup>8</sup> km<br />1.523 662 31 AU</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E7%8E%87" title="軌道離心率">離心率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.093 412 33</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">軌道週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>686.98地球日</li> <li>1.88<a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E5%B9%B4" title="儒略年">年</a></li> <li>668.599 火星日</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="轨道周期">會合週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>779.94 <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E6%97%A5" title="儒略日">日</a></li> <li>2.135 <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E5%B9%B4" title="儒略年">年</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="轨道速度">軌道速度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">24.13 km/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E8%BF%91%E9%BB%9E%E8%A7%92" title="平近點角">平近點角</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">19.3871°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="軌道傾角">軌道傾角</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.850 61<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="角度">°</a><br />(相對太陽赤道5.6521°)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E4%BA%A4%E9%BB%9E%E9%BB%83%E7%B6%93" title="升交點黃經">升交點黃經</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">49.578 54°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">已知<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="天然衛星">衛星</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E8AB79;">物理特徵</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均半徑</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3389.5 km<br />(0.532 倍於地球)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%81%93" title="赤道">赤道</a>半徑</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3396.2 km<br />(0.532 倍於<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E6%A5%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="兩極">極</a>半徑</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3376.2 km<br />(0.531 倍於地球)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E7%90%83%E9%9D%A2#面積" title="類球面">表面積</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>1.441×10<sup>8</sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E6%96%B9%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="平方公里">km²</a></li> <li>144,798,465 km²</li> <li>0.282 倍於地球</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E7%A9%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="體積">體積</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.631 8×10<sup>11</sup> <a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E5%85%AC%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="立方公里">km³</a><br />(0.151 倍於地球)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="質量">質量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">6.418 5×10<sup>23</sup> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E6%96%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="公斤">kg</a><br />(0.107 倍於地球)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">平均<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.9335 g/cm³</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="基本小行星物理特征">表面重力</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.693 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="加速度">m/s²</a>(0.377<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BF%83%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="地心引力"><i>g</i></a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%83%E9%80%B8%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="逃逸速度">逃逸速度</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">5.027 km/s</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="自轉週期">恆星週期</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">1.026 <a href="/wiki/%E5%84%92%E7%95%A5%E6%97%A5" title="儒略日">日</a><br />(24.622 9 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%99%82" class="mw-redirect" title="小時">小時</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">赤道自轉速度</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">868.22 km/h</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8%E5%82%BE%E8%A7%92" title="轉軸傾角">轉軸傾角</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">25.19°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">北極<span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B6%93" class="mw-redirect" title="赤經">赤經</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">21 h 10 min 44 s<br />(317.681 43°)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">北極<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E7%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="赤緯">赤緯</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">52.886 50°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.25</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><table style="border-spacing: 0px; width:100%; border:none; background-color:#f9f9f9; margin:0; text-align:left; line-height:1.2em; white-space:nowrap"><tbody><tr> <th style="width:33%; padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="溫度">溫度</a></th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">最低</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">平均</th> <th style="padding-right:0.25em; text-align:left">最高</th> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E5%B0%8D%E6%BA%AB%E6%A8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="絕對溫標">絕對溫標</a></th> <td>130 K</td> <td>210 K</td> <td>308 K<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td> </tr><tr> <th style="padding-left:1.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">攝氏溫標</a></th> <td>−143℃</td> <td>−63℃</td> <td>35℃</td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="視星等">視星等</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">最大:-2.91<br />衝:平均-2.0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%9B%B4%E5%BE%91" title="角直徑">角直徑</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3.5″-25.1″<br />衝:平均17.9″</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#E8AB79;">大氣特徵</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" class="mw-redirect" title="氣壓">氣壓</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">6.36 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">hPa</a> (平均氣壓)<br />0.4-8.7 hPa (季節變化)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="大气化学">成分</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>95.32% <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a></li> <li>2.7% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%B0%A3" title="氮氣">氮氣</a></li> <li>1.6% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="氬">氬</a></li> <li>0.13% <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="氧氣">氧氣</a></li> <li>0.08% <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="一氧化碳">一氧化碳</a></li> <li>210 <a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E8%90%AC%E5%88%86%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="百萬分率">ppm</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="水蒸氣">水蒸氣</a></li> <li>100 ppm <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%B0%AE" title="一氧化氮">一氧化氮</a></li> <li>2.5 ppm <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖</a></li> <li>300 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%84%84%E5%88%86%E7%8E%87" class="mw-redirect" title="十億分率">ppb</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪</a></li> <li>130 ppb <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%86%9B" title="甲醛">甲醛</a></li> <li>80 ppb <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a></li> <li>30 ppb <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7" title="臭氧">臭氧</a></li> <li>10 ppb <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="甲烷">甲烷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>火星</b>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>:<span lang="la">Mars</span>;<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="天文符號">天文符號</a>:♂),是離<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽">太陽</a>第四近的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>,也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a>中仅次于<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a>的第二小的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a>,为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>里四顆<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="類地行星">類地行星</a>之一。西方稱火星為「<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="瑪爾斯">瑪爾斯</a>」,即<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="羅馬神話">羅馬神話</a>中的戰神;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="古漢語">古漢語</a>中則因为它荧荧如<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB" title="火">火</a>,位置、亮度時常變動讓人無法捉摸而稱之為「<b>熒惑」</b>。火星是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>的八大行星中第二小的行星,其質量、體積仅比<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a>略大。火星的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E5%BE%91" class="mw-redirect" title="直徑">直徑</a>約為<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>的一半,<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E8%BB%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="自轉軸">自轉軸</a>傾角、<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F" title="自轉週期">自轉週期</a>則與<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>相當,但繞太陽<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E8%BD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="公轉">公轉</a>周期是接近<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>的兩倍<sup id="cite_ref-rust_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rust-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。在地球上,火星肉眼可見,亮度可達-2.91,比<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星">金星</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽">太陽</a>暗,但在大部分時間裡比<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a>暗。火星距離地球最近在5400万公里(最遠達4億公里,探測器需飛行約7個月以抵達火星)。 </p><p>火星大氣以二氧化碳為主(95%二氧化碳),既稀薄又寒冷,其表面特徵類似<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>上的撞擊坑,以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>上的山谷、沙漠和極地冰蓋。英語中,其通常被稱為「<b>紅色星球」</b>(英語:<span lang="en">Red Planet</span>)。<sup id="cite_ref-Zubrin1997_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zubrin1997-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rees2012_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rees2012-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>火星呈現為<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%98%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2" title="橘红色">橘紅色</a>是因為其地表廣泛的分佈著<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化鐵">氧化鐵</a>。火星地表遍布沙丘、礫石,沒有穩定的液態水。火星南半球是古老、充滿隕石坑的高地,北半球則是較年輕的平原。 </p><p>火星已被數十艘無人太空船<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="火星探測">探索</a>。1964年11月28日,由<a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a>發射的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B4%E8%99%9F" title="水手4號">水手4號</a>是第一個訪問火星的航天器,於1965年7月15日最接近該行星。蘇聯<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F3%E8%99%9F" title="火星3號">火星3號</a>飛船於1971年12月實現了軟着陸,但著陸後數秒內失去了聯繫。<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E5%B1%80" title="欧洲空间局">歐洲空間局</a>成為第三間派遣探測船訪問火星的航太機構,其<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A%E8%99%9F" title="火星快車號">火星快車號</a>於2003年12月25日到達火星軌道。2014年9月24日,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="印度空间研究组织">印度空間研究組織</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星軌道探測器(页面不存在)">火星軌道探測器</a>到達火星軌道,成為第四個成功派遣探測船到達火星的航太機構。接著還有<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%AF%E9%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="阿聯酋">阿聯酋</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="阿联酋希望号火星探测器">希望號</a>與及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%97%AE%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="天问一号">天問一號</a>。火星目前有八艘探測船在軌道中運行。 </p><p>火星有兩個<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="天然衛星">天然衛星</a>:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="火衛一">火衛一</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="火衛二">火衛二</a>,形狀不規則,可能是其捕獲的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a>。根據探測到的證據,火星兩極有冰冠覆蓋,亦觀察到季節性的水氣及類似地下水湧出的現象,而過往的火星亦可能被大面積的海洋、湖泊及河流覆蓋。<sup id="cite_ref-marswater_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marswater-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B8%AC%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="火星全球勘測者">火星全球勘測者</a>則觀察到其南極冠有部份退縮。<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A%E8%99%9F" title="火星快車號">火星快車號</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BE%A6%E5%AF%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8" title="火星侦察轨道器">火星偵察軌道器</a>的雷達資料顯示其兩極和中緯度地表下存在大量的水冰<sup id="cite_ref-water_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-water-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-specials1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-specials1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2008年7月31日,<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="凤凰号火星探测器">鳳凰號</a>直接於表層土壤之下證實水冰的存在。<sup id="cite_ref-spacecraft1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spacecraft1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2013年9月26日,火星探測車<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇號</a>發現火星土壤含有豐富水分,大約為1.5至3重量百分比,顯示火星有足夠的水資源供給未來移民使用。2015年9月證實火星表面有間歇流動的液態水(液態鹽水)。<sup id="cite_ref-Science-20130926a_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science-20130926a-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20130926a_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20130926a-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20130926b_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20130926b-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20131001_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20131001-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2018年7月25日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="意大利航天局">意大利航天局</a>宣佈,在火星冰盖之下發現一個直径20公里的冰下湖。這是太空科学家在火星上探测到的首个大型液态水体<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>由於火星位於太陽系的宜居帶,同時有更多證據證明火星曾擁有類似地球的環境,與及豐富的資源,故此火星成為各國研究的重點,<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>其中<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a><sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>已有載人登陸火星的計劃,未来将在火星建立基地。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="命名"><span id=".E5.91.BD.E5.90.8D"></span>命名</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:命名"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>古中國:取其「熒熒如火、亮度與位置變化甚大使人迷惑」之意,命名「<b>熒惑</b>」。《尚書·舜典》記載:「在璿璣玉衡以齊七政。」孔穎達疏:「七政,其政有七,於璣衡察之,必在天者,知七政謂日月與五星也。木曰歲星,火曰熒惑星,土曰鎮星,金曰太白星,水曰辰星。」據說,古人觀察熒惑呈赤色,赤色於「<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%A1%8C" title="五行">五行</a>」屬火,而命名為「<b>火星</b>」。<sup id="cite_ref-莊雅州_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-莊雅州-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>古希臘:因其火紅之色而取名為「<b>Ares</b>」(音:阿瑞斯),源自<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="希臘神話">希臘神話</a>的戰神,天神宙斯的兒子<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF" title="阿瑞斯">阿瑞斯</a>(希臘語:<span lang="el">Ἀρης</span>)。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>古羅馬:因其火紅之色而取名為「<b>Mars</b>」(音:馬爾斯),源自<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="羅馬神話">羅馬神話</a>的戰神<a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="瑪爾斯">瑪爾斯</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁語">拉丁語</a>:<span lang="la">Mars</span>)。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="物理性质"><span id=".E7.89.A9.E7.90.86.E6.80.A7.E8.B4.A8"></span>物理性质</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:物理性质"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars,_Earth_size_comparison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/220px-Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/330px-Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg/440px-Mars%2C_Earth_size_comparison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2399" data-file-height="1562" /></a><figcaption>火星的直径约为地球的一半</figcaption></figure> <p>以直徑、質量、表面重力來說,火星約介於<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>中間:火星直徑約為地球的一半、月球的兩倍,質量約為地球的九分之一、月球的九倍,表面重力約為地球的38%、月球的2.4倍。火星體積约為地球的15%,質量约為11%,<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%A9%8D" title="表面積">表面積</a>略小于地球陸地面積,密度則比其他三顆<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%9E%E5%9C%B0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="類地行星">類地行星</a>還要小很多<sup id="cite_ref-nssdc_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nssdc-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。2012年8月,加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的教授尹安在分析了100张来自火星勘测轨道飞行器的卫星图片后发现,火星有类似地球主要<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="板块">板块</a>划分的构造特点<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>長期觀測火星發現,南半球地勢比北半球高,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="北極盆地">北極盆地</a>顯示有過<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A2%B0%E6%92%9E%E8%AA%AA" title="大碰撞說">大撞擊</a>,推論約45億年前遭<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a>大小天體撞擊之後,不但形成<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="火卫一">火卫一</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="火卫二">火卫二</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,亦逼使內核熱能散溢出<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%9C%B0%E5%B9%94" title="上地幔">上地幔</a>、內部攪拌逐漸停止,無法以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E7%94%B5%E6%9C%BA%E5%8E%9F%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="发电机原理">发电机原理</a>持續對流生成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>由於火星比地球小,相對表面積與體積成反比而較大,因此火星核心也冷卻得比地球的快,地質活動趨緩,磁場和板塊運動消逝,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E9%A3%8E" title="太阳风">太阳风</a>帶走大氣變薄導致氣壓偏低,而造成液態水在低溫就會沸騰、無法穩定存在。<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="內部結構"><span id=".E5.85.A7.E9.83.A8.E7.B5.90.E6.A7.8B"></span>內部結構</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:內部結構"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA#内部结构" title="火星地質">火星地質 §&#160;内部结构</a></div><p>火星的地壳平均厚约50公里<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,最厚可达125公里。火星的地幔由硅酸盐组成,包裹著半径约为1300至2400公里,可能由液態鐵及少量硫組成<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>的地核。<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="地理特征"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E7.90.86.E7.89.B9.E5.BE.81"></span>地理特征</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:地理特征"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地質"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E8.B3.AA"></span>地質</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:地質"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="火星地質">火星地質</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:214px;max-width:214px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg/210px-Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg/315px-Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg/420px-Gusev_Spirit_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3787" data-file-height="2823" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">古瑟夫撞擊坑充滿沙石的地表</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg/210px-Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg/315px-Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg/420px-Sol187B_Dunas_em_Marte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Endurance撞擊坑中的沙丘</div></div></div></div></div> <p>火星基本上是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="沙漠行星">沙漠行星</a>,地表沙丘、礫石遍佈,沒有穩定的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">液態水體</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>為主的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="大氣">大氣</a>既稀薄又<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7" title="冷">寒冷</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%A1%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="沙塵">沙塵</a>懸浮其中,每年常有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%A1%B5%E6%9A%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="沙塵暴">塵暴</a>發生。與<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>相比,地質活動不活躍。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>火星地表地貌大部份於遠古較活躍的時期形成,充滿<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="撞擊坑">撞擊坑</a>,有密佈的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="隕石坑">隕石坑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="峽谷">峽谷</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="奧林帕斯山 (火星)">奧林帕斯山</a>是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太陽系</a>最高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1" title="山">山</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B%E8%99%9F%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="水手號峽谷">水手號峽谷</a>是太陽系最大的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="峽谷">峽谷</a>。另一個獨特的特徵是南北半球的明顯差別:南方是古老、充滿隕石坑的<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="高地">高地</a>,北方則是較年輕的平原,兩極皆有主要以水冰組成的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0" title="火星極冠">極冠</a>,而上覆的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E5%86%B0" title="乾冰">乾冰</a>會隨<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E7%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="季節">季節</a>消長。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>基於撞擊坑密度的<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91%E8%A8%88%E6%95%B8" title="撞擊坑計數">撞擊坑計數</a>法可判別出其地表年齡:撞擊坑大而密集處較老,反之則年輕,進而將地質年代分為四個階段:前諾亞紀、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="诺亚纪">諾亞紀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%8F%80%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="赫斯珀里亚纪">赫斯珀利亞紀</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E9%80%8A%E7%BA%AA" title="亚马逊纪">亞馬遜紀</a>。前諾亞紀沒有留下實質地表,此時地形南北差異形成,有全球性磁層;諾亞紀有大量隕石撞擊,火山活動旺盛,可能有溫暖潮濕的大氣、河川和海洋,侵蝕旺盛,但到末期這些活動已減弱很多;赫斯珀利亞紀,火山活動仍然繼續;亞馬遜紀則是大氣稀薄乾燥,以冰為主要活動,如極冠、冰凍層、冰河,並有週期性變遷,溝壑也是這時期形成,火山活動趨緩並集中在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="塔爾西斯">塔爾西斯</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82" title="埃律西昂">埃律西昂</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>現今火星風成地形遍佈,如<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B9%E8%9A%80" title="吹蚀">吹蝕</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%A8%E8%9A%80" title="磨蚀">磨蝕</a>等風蝕作用,和沙塵遇地形阻礙而<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%AB%E7%A9%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="填積(页面不存在)">填積</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BE%B5%E7%A9%8D&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="侵積(页面不存在)">侵積</a>等風積作用。(名詞解釋:<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>)前者形成如廣泛分布於<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%9D%9C%E8%8E%8E%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D%E5%B1%A4" title="梅杜莎槽溝層">梅杜莎槽溝層</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A2%A8%E8%9D%95%E8%84%8A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="風蝕脊(页面不存在)">風蝕脊</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,後者則如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="大瑟提斯高原">大瑟提斯高原</a>上撞擊坑下風處的沙塵堆積,和撞擊坑中常見的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98" title="沙丘">沙丘</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="地形"><span id=".E5.9C.B0.E5.BD.A2"></span>地形</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:地形"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="火星地理">火星地理</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png/275px-Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png" decoding="async" width="275" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png/413px-Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png/550px-Mars_MOLA_Topography_by_Fabio_Crameri.png 2x" data-file-width="2481" data-file-height="1749" /></a><figcaption>基于<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E8%AE%A1" title="火星轨道器激光高度计">MOLA</a>的火星地形图,可以看见其地表南半球主要为高地(深色),北半球主要为低地(浅色)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png/220px-Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png/330px-Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png/440px-Olympus_Mons_-_ESA_Mars_Express_-_Flickr_-_Andrea_Luck.png 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3797" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="奧林帕斯山 (火星)">奧林帕斯山</a>为<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系">太阳系</a>行星中已知最高的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1" title="山">山</a></figcaption></figure> <p>火星和<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a>一樣擁有多樣的地形,有高山、平原和峽谷。南北半球的地形有著強烈的對比:北方是被熔岩填平的低原,南方則是充滿撞擊坑的古老高地,而兩者之間以明顯的斜坡分隔;火山地形穿插其中,眾多峽谷分布各地,南北極有以水冰与干冰組成的極冠,而風成沙丘廣布整個星球。隨著衛星拍攝的照片越來越多,更發現很多的地形景觀。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>20世紀早期,地面以無線電波測量火星地形。1976年<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC%E5%8F%B7" title="維京号">海盜號</a>進行的地形測量,發現了峽谷和南北半球的巨大差異,而衍生出北方平原本是海洋的假說。<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B8%AC%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="火星全球勘測者">火星全球勘測者</a>自1999年起以雷射進行更精確的地形測量,得出目前使用的全球地形圖,以火星大地水準面(Areoid)為基準,最高點在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="奧林帕斯山 (火星)">奧林帕斯山</a>,高21,229公尺;最低點在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="希臘平原">希臘平原</a>,低於基準8,200公尺。<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>現在很多探測器,如<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8B%98%E5%AF%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星勘察衛星">火星勘察衛星</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A%E8%99%9F" title="火星快車號">火星快車號</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E6%BC%AB%E6%B8%B8%E8%80%85" title="火星探测漫游者">火星探測漫遊者</a>会運用航照圖的地形判別方法,以<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E5%B7%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="視差">視差法</a>來測量區域地形,並製成高解析度立體照片。此外,火星的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="經度">經度</a>坐標採用東經0至360度,而非地球的東西經各180度。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="火山"><span id=".E7.81.AB.E5.B1.B1"></span>火山</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:火山"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="塔爾西斯">塔爾西斯高原</a>擁有許多座大型火山,其中包括一座<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%BE%E7%8B%80%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="盾狀火山">盾狀火山</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="奧林帕斯山 (火星)">奧林帕斯山</a>。它的寬度超過600千米<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,高度超過21千米<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,其高度<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>達到了<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%82%E7%BA%B3%E5%87%AF%E4%BA%9A%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="茂纳凯亚火山">茂納凱亞火山</a><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>的兩倍,與灶神星<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%8C%E7%88%BE%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="雷亞希爾維亞盆地">雷亞希爾維亞盆地</a>的中央山丘高度相當,是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E5%B1%B1%E5%B3%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系最高山峰列表">太陽系中最高的山峰</a>之一。<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="陨石坑"><span id=".E9.99.A8.E7.9F.B3.E5.9D.91"></span>陨石坑</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="编辑章节:陨石坑"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>人类已在火星上发现了超过4.3万个直径大于5公里的陨石坑。<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>其中,最大的陨石坑是<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="希臘平原">希腊平原</a>,宽约2300公里,深约7公里,是一个清晰的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5" title="反照率特徵">反照率特徵</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>同时,火星还有其它大型陨石坑,如<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%8F%A4%E7%91%9E%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="阿耳古瑞平原">阿耳古瑞平原</a>(宽约1800公里)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="伊希斯平原">伊希斯平原</a>(宽约1500公里)。<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>火星隕石坑的形態表明,在隕石撞擊後,其地面曾經變得濕潤<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="板塊邊界"><span id=".E6.9D.BF.E5.A1.8A.E9.82.8A.E7.95.8C"></span>板塊邊界</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="编辑章节:板塊邊界"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>火星上的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B%E8%99%9F%E8%B0%B7" title="水手號谷">水手谷</a>長約4000公里(與歐洲相當),深度約7公里。它的形成可能是由於塔爾西斯高原的擴大而導致的地殼塌陷。在2012年,科學家提出水手谷並不是一個<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%A1%B9" title="地塹">地塹</a>,而是一個已漂移了150公里的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BF%E5%9D%97%E6%9E%84%E9%80%A0%E8%AE%BA" title="板块构造论">板塊</a>的邊界。<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="洞穴"><span id=".E6.B4.9E.E7.A9.B4"></span>洞穴</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="编辑章节:洞穴"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>來自<a href="/wiki/2001%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A5%A5%E5%BE%B7%E8%B5%9B%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="2001火星奥德赛号">火星奧德賽號</a>上<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E8%BC%BB%E5%B0%84%E6%88%90%E5%83%8F%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="熱輻射成像系統">熱輻射成像系統</a>(THEMIS)的影像顯示<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%B1%B1" title="阿爾西亞山">阿爾西亞山</a>北坡有<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%B1%B1#可能的洞穴口" title="阿爾西亞山">七個可能的深洞</a>,照片中光線無法抵達底部,推測底部可能更深、更寬,可能免受微隕星、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外線">紫外線</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E9%96%83%E7%84%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽閃焰">太陽閃焰</a>和其他高能粒子的侵害,可能是未來尋找液態水或生命痕跡的可行地點。<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>但後來<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8B%98%E5%AF%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星勘察衛星">火星勘察衛星</a>的更高解析度<a href="/wiki/HiRISE" class="mw-redirect" title="HiRISE">HiRISE</a>影像部分推翻了之前猜測,認為只是光線角度造成深不見底的樣子。<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="大氣"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E6.B0.A3"></span>大氣</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="编辑章节:大氣"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="火星大氣層">火星大氣層</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg/256px-Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg/384px-Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg/512px-Mars_Before_and_During_Global_Dust_Storm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%98%E6%9A%B4" title="沙尘暴">沙尘暴</a>发生前(左)和正发生沙尘暴(右)的火星</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="火星大氣層">火星大氣層</a>相對較薄,平均地表<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" class="mw-redirect" title="氣壓">氣壓</a>只有6<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95" class="mw-redirect" title="帕">百帕</a>,约为<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" class="mw-redirect" title="標準大氣壓">地球表面氣壓</a>的0.6%,相當於地球表面算起35公里高的氣壓,如此低的氣壓使<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E9%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="聲音">聲音</a>傳播的距離只有在地球上的1.5%。<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>隨著季節的變化,火星氣壓變化可達20%。火星大氣层按高度可分为低層大氣、中層大氣、上層大氣和外氣層。其中低層大氣由於氣懸微塵與地表的熱,這部份相對溫暖;中層大氣存在有<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9F%E6%B0%A3%E6%B5%81" title="高速氣流">高速氣流</a>;上層大氣(或熱氣層)溫度很高,大氣分子也不再像下層那樣分布均勻;外氣層高度在200公里以上,大氣漸漸過渡到太空,無明顯外層邊界。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_atmosphere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mars_atmosphere.jpg/220px-Mars_atmosphere.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mars_atmosphere.jpg/330px-Mars_atmosphere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Mars_atmosphere.jpg/440px-Mars_atmosphere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1349" /></a><figcaption>由太空所見的火星稀薄且充滿塵埃的紅色大氣層。左下方是阿爾及爾平原</figcaption></figure><p>火星大氣成分为95%的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>,3%的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氮气">氮气</a>,1.6%<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="氩气">氬气</a>,很少的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%B0%94" title="氧气">氧气</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="水氣">水氣</a>等,亦充滿著很多吸收藍光的懸浮塵埃,使天空成黃褐色。<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>2003年<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="火星衝">火星大衝</a>時地面<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E8%BF%9C%E9%95%9C" title="望远镜">望远镜</a>在大气中发现了<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="甲烷">甲烷</a>;2004年3月,<a href="/wiki/2001%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A5%A5%E5%BE%B7%E8%B5%9B%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="2001火星奥德赛号">火星奧德賽號</a>确认了这一发现。由於甲烷易被<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外線">紫外線</a>分解,存在甲烷表示现在或者最近几百年内在火星上存在製造甲烷的来源,<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="火山">火山作用</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="地质作用">地質作用</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a>撞击甚至生物來源如<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7%E8%8F%8C" title="甲烷菌">甲烷古菌</a>等都有可能。<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2013年9月19日,根據從好奇號得到的進一步測量數據,NASA科學家報告,並沒有偵測到<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="大气甲烷">大氣甲烷</a>(atmospheric methan)存在跡象<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>,因此總結甲烷微生物活性概率很低,可能不存在生命。但是,很多微生物並不會排出任何甲烷,仍舊可能在火星發現這些不會排出任何甲烷的微生物。<sup id="cite_ref-SJ-20130919_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SJ-20130919-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SCI-20130919_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCI-20130919-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20130919_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20130919-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>火星大氣環流主要為單胞環流,由赤道相對熱空氣上升,漂至極區下沉,再沿地面回到赤道。另外,在火星的北半球,極冠的二氧化碳昇華進入大氣,使氣壓升高;而南半球由於二氧化碳凝華,氣壓下降。由於進出大氣的二氧化碳量高達25%,造成南北壓力差,空氣便傾向由高壓的夏半球流向低壓的冬半球,形成另一依季節而變向的環流。因此火星的天氣系統一般為全球性的,例如塵暴。<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="天气和气候"><span id=".E5.A4.A9.E6.B0.94.E5.92.8C.E6.B0.94.E5.80.99"></span>天气和气候</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="编辑章节:天气和气候"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99" title="火星氣候">火星氣候</a></div> <p>由于火星的自转轴倾角与地球的相当,火星的气候是在太阳系中与地球最相似的,但一个季节的时间比地球的要长。<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>火星离太阳较远,表面接收到的阳光仅有地球的43%,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>且大气层较薄,无法存储过多热量,因此火星表面的温差较大(-110 °C~35 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </p><p>火星天氣重覆次數較高,比地球的容易預測。如果一個氣象事件在一年的特定時間中發生,可提供的資料(相當稀疏)指出,那个事件很可能在下一年幾乎同一個位置再發生一次,誤差最多一個星期。 </p><p>2008年9月29日,鳳凰號拍下了降雪事件,是在接近鳳凰號<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%B0%B7_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="綠谷 (火星)">登陸地點</a>附近<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%A7%86%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="海姆達爾撞擊坑 (火星)">海姆達爾撞擊坑</a>之上,为高4.5公里的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%A1%E7%8B%80%E9%9B%B2" title="幡狀雲">幡狀雲</a>降雪。這次降雪在到達火星表面時就已蒸發<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%8E%AF%E6%B5%81%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="火星大气环流模式">火星上的风速</a>要超過地球100倍<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水文"><span id=".E6.B0.B4.E6.96.87"></span>水文</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="编辑章节:水文"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87" title="火星水文">火星水文</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0" title="火星極冠">火星極冠</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars,_1999_and_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg/230px-Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg/345px-Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg/460px-Centauri_Montes_Region_of_Mars%2C_1999_and_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2418" data-file-height="1452" /></a><figcaption>相隔六年即發現新的沖蝕溝沉積物</figcaption></figure> <p>火星地表遍佈著流水的遺跡,有些是洪水刻畫而成,有些則是降雨或地下水流動而形成,但多半年代久遠。<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B2%E6%B2%9F" title="冲沟">沖蝕溝</a>則是另一類規模較小的地形,但形成年代十分年輕,常分布於撞擊坑壁,型態多樣。關於其成因有兩派說法,一派認為是由流動的水造成,另一方則認為是凹處累積的乾冰促使了鬆軟物質滑動。<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg/200px-Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg/300px-Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg/400px-Martian_north_polar_cap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1368" data-file-height="1319" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">北極初夏的冰蓋(1999年)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg/200px-South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg/300px-South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg/400px-South_Polar_Cap_of_Mars_during_Martian_South_summer_2000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="1234" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">南極仲夏的冰蓋(2000年)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>火星南北極有明顯的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0" title="火星極冠">極冠</a>,曾被認為是由<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E5%86%B0" title="乾冰">乾冰</a>組成,但實際上絕大部分為<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0" title="冰">水冰</a>,只有表面一層為乾冰。這層乾冰在北極約1公尺厚,在南極則約8公尺厚,是冬季時<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%9D%E5%8D%8E" title="凝华">凝華</a>而成,到夏季則再度<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%87%E8%8F%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="昇華">昇華</a>進入大氣,不過南極的乾冰並不會完全昇華。<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>夏季仍存在的部分稱為永久極冠,而整體構造稱做極地層狀沉積(Polar Layered Deposits),和地球<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="南極洲">南極洲</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%B5%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="格陵蘭">格陵蘭</a>冰層一樣為一層層的沉積構造。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="北極高原">北極冠</a>寬達1,100公里,厚達2公里,體積82.1萬立方公里<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>;<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="南極高原">南極冠</a>寬達1,400公里,最厚達3.7公里,體積約1.6百萬立方公里。<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>兩極冰冠皆有獨特的螺旋狀凹谷,推論主要是由光照與夏季接近昇華點的溫度使溝槽兩側水冰發生差異融解和凝結而逐漸形成的。<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2011年由<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8B%98%E5%AF%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星勘察衛星">火星勘察衛星</a>的淺地層雷達發現南極冠有部分原本認為是水冰的地層其實是乾冰,所含二氧化碳量相當於大氣含量的80%,這比以往認為的要多很多。根據此的模擬結果,十萬年一週期的氣候變遷中藉由乾冰昇華、凝結,大氣總質量的變化幅度會達數倍。<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>由這些乾冰沉積上方地表的下陷與裂隙判斷,乾冰正在慢慢昇華。<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg/220px-Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg/330px-Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg/440px-Mars_glacial-like_lobe_deposit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="474" /></a><figcaption>一處疑似冰河的地形</figcaption></figure> <p>自海盜號即發現,火星北半球中緯度有幾處峽谷底含有條紋流動狀的地表特徵,但不確定是富含冰的山崩、含冰土的流動或是塵礫覆蓋的冰河。但根據更新任務的資料與比對地球的相關地形,支持這些是<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="冰河">冰河</a>,且推測是自轉軸傾角較大時的氣候狀態下所累積的。<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>由<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A5%A7%E5%BE%B7%E8%B3%BD%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星奧德賽號">火星奧德賽號</a>X射線光譜儀的中子偵測器得知,自極區延伸至緯度約60°的地方表層一公尺的土壤含冰量超過60%<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kostama_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kostama-78"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,推測有更大量的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>凍在厚厚的地下<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E9%9B%AA%E5%9C%88" class="mw-redirect" title="冰雪圈">冰層</a>(cryosphere)。 </p><p>另外一個關於火星上曾存在液態水的證據,就是發現特定<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="礦物">礦物</a>,如<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E9%90%B5%E7%A4%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="赤鐵礦">赤鐵礦</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%92%88%E9%93%81%E7%9F%BF" title="针铁矿">針鐵礦</a>,而這兩者都需在有水環境才能形成。<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>對於在火星上有冰存在的直接證據在2008年6月20日被<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="凤凰号火星探测器">鳳凰號</a>發現,鳳凰號在火星上挖掘發現了八粒白色的物體,當時研究人員揣測這些物體不是<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%90_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="盐 (化学)">鹽</a>(在火星有發現鹽礦)就是冰,而四天後這些白粒就憑空消失,因此這些白粒一定<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%87%E8%8F%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="昇華">昇華</a>了,鹽不會有這種現象。2008年7月31日,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="美国航空航天局">美国航空航天局</a>科学家宣布,<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="凤凰号火星探测器">凤凰号火星探测器</a>在火星上加热土壤样本时鉴别出有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%94" title="水蒸气">水蒸气</a>产生,从而最终确认火星上有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a>存在。<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2013年9月26日,美国航空航天局科學家報告,火星探測車<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇號</a>發現火星土壤含有豐富水分,重量約佔1.5%~3%,顯示火星有足夠的水資源供給未來移民使用。<sup id="cite_ref-Science-20130926a_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science-20130926a-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20130926a_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20130926a-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20130926b_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20130926b-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20131001_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20131001-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2015年9月28日,美国航空航天局宣佈,在火星上發現液態的鹽水。根据火星勘测轨道飞行器配备的光谱仪获得的数据,研究人员在火星的斜坡上发现了水合矿物。这些暗色条纹表明火星地表随时间变化有流水存在。在较温暖的季节,这些线条的颜色变得更深,表明水流在斜坡上出现,在较冷的季节,这些地表特征变浅。在火星的部分地区,最高温度可以达到摄氏零下23度,此时深色线条最明显。<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2018年7月25日,据意大利媒体报道,该国科学家在火星上首度发现一个地下液态水湖。该研究称,“火星地下及电离层高级探测雷达”在火星南极冰层下1.5千米处发现一个大型液态水湖,里面含有盐。湖的直徑约为20千米,温度至少为零下10度。<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="运动规律"><span id=".E8.BF.90.E5.8A.A8.E8.A7.84.E5.BE.8B"></span>运动规律</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="编辑章节:运动规律"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9D%E6%97%A5" title="火星衝日">火星衝日</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A8%88%E6%99%82" class="mw-redirect" title="火星計時">火星計時</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_earth_orbit.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mars_earth_orbit.png/220px-Mars_earth_orbit.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mars_earth_orbit.png/330px-Mars_earth_orbit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Mars_earth_orbit.png/440px-Mars_earth_orbit.png 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="472" /></a><figcaption>火星與地球的軌道與季節長度比較</figcaption></figure> <p>火星與太陽平均距離為1.52AU,公轉週期為1.88<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4" title="年">地球年</a>,687<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E6%97%A5" title="太阳日">地球日</a>,或668.6<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%A5" title="火星日">火星日</a>。火星公转軌道和地球的一樣,受太陽系其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="天體">天體</a>影響而不斷變動。軌道離心率有兩個變化週期,分別是9.6萬年和210萬年,於0.002至0.12間變化<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>;而地球的是10萬年<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>和约40万年,於接近0至0.07間變化(見<a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%98%AD%E7%A7%91%E7%B6%AD%E5%A5%87%E5%BE%AA%E7%92%B0" title="米蘭科維奇循環">米蘭科維奇循環</a>)。<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>1<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%A5" title="火星日">火星日</a>平均為24小時39分35.244秒<sup id="cite_ref-giss1_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-giss1-87"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,或1.027地球日。<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>火星目前自轉軸傾角為25.19度,和地球的相近。不同於地球的穩定處於22.1和24.5度間,由於火星沒有如<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>般的巨大<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F_(%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94)" class="mw-redirect" title="衛星 (天體)">衛星</a>來維持自轉軸,其自轉軸傾角可在13度至40度間變化,其變化週期為一千多萬年。<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>由于沒有大衛星的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="潮汐作用">潮汐作用</a>,火星自轉週期變化小,不像地球的會被慢慢拉長。<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>火星自轉軸有明顯傾斜,日照的年變化形成明顯的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%AD%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="四季">四季</a>變化,而<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E7%AF%80" class="mw-redirect" title="季節">一季</a>的長度約為地球的兩倍。由於火星<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E7%8E%87" title="軌道離心率">軌道離心率</a>大,為0.093(地球只有0.017),使各季節長度不一致,又因<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%A0%E6%97%A5%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="遠日點">遠日點</a>接近北半球夏至,北半球春夏比秋冬各長約40天。雖然火星沒有地球般受<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="海洋">海洋</a>影響的複雜氣候,但仍有以下特殊之處:火星軌道<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%BF%83%E7%8E%87" title="離心率">離心率</a>比地球大,造成<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%84%E9%87%8F" title="日射量">日射量</a>在一年當中變化更大,位於近日點時,南半球處夏季,比北半球遠日點夏季所造成的升溫更強;隨季節交替,二氧化碳和水氣會昇華和凝結而在兩極冠間遷移,驅動大氣環流;地表<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a>特徵,因顏色深淺和沙、岩性質差異而造成的容積熱容不同,可影響大氣環流;易發生的塵暴會將沙塵粒子捲入高空,沙塵粒子吸收日光與再輻射會使高層大氣增溫,但遮蔽天空的沙塵會使地表降溫;自轉軸傾角和軌道離心率的長期變化則造成了氣候的長期變遷。火星表面的平均温度比地球低30度以上。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>目前,火星與地球最短距離正慢慢減小。当地球與火星之間的距离最小时,称为<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9D%E6%97%A5" title="火星衝日">火星衝日</a>。火星相鄰兩次衝日的時間間隔約為779天。<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>當地球、太陽和火星連成一線时,在火星上便可看到<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="地球凌日 (火星)">地球凌日</a>,在太陽的位置可看到地球的黑點通過<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,同理还有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="水星凌日 (火星)">水星凌日</a><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,在地球上则不会看到<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9D%E6%97%A5" title="火星衝日">火星凌日</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="衛星"><span id=".E8.A1.9B.E6.98.9F"></span>衛星</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="编辑章节:衛星"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="火星的衛星">火星的衛星</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg/220px-Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg/330px-Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Phobos_deimos_diff_horizontal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a><figcaption>火衛一(左)和火衛二(右)大小比較(合成圖)</figcaption></figure> <p>火星有两个<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="天然衛星">天然衛星</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="火衛一">火衛一</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="火衛二">火衛二</a>,最長直徑各為27公里和16公里,形狀不規則並充滿撞擊坑,以近圓形的軌道於接近火星赤道面處公轉。它們雖然很小,但由於接近火星,使火衛一從火星上看約有滿月直徑的二分之一至三分之一大,而火衛一的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%96%E6%98%9F%E7%AD%89" class="mw-redirect" title="視星等">視星等</a>可達-7,火衛二可達-5,白天可能可見。<sup id="cite_ref-Stellarium_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stellarium-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a>一樣,這兩顆衛星都被火星<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%AE%E6%B1%90%E9%8E%96%E5%AE%9A" title="潮汐鎖定">潮汐锁定</a>。<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>註 8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span>火衛一的公转週期比火星自转更快,所以在火星上來看是<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E8%A1%8C%E5%92%8C%E9%80%86%E8%A1%8C" title="順行和逆行">西升東落</a>的,且僅需約4個小時;而火衛二的公轉周期只比火星自轉慢一些,東升西落要花約2.4個火星日。<sup id="cite_ref-Stellarium_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stellarium-95"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>因為火衛一離火星很近,火星的潮汐力会慢慢但稳定地减小它的轨道半徑,預計再過約760萬年,火衛一将因軌道低於3620公里(火星的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%B8%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%99%90" title="洛希極限">洛希极限</a>)而被瓦解。<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>另一方面,火衛二因为离火星足够远,所以它的轨道反而正在慢慢地被向外推进。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>兩顆衛星可能是捕獲的小行星,但新研究認為可能是撞擊事件、或原本的衛星被火星潮汐力拉碎後,由散佈軌道上的岩屑再度<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B8%E7%A9%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="吸積">吸積</a>而形成。<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>两颗衛星是在1877年被<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="阿薩夫·霍爾">阿薩夫·霍爾</a>发现的,以<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="希腊神话">希腊神话</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="福波斯">福波斯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%97%E6%91%A9%E6%96%AF" title="得摩斯">得摩斯</a>命名,兩者皆為战神<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF" title="阿瑞斯">阿瑞斯</a>的儿子。<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="觀測探测"><span id=".E8.A7.80.E6.B8.AC.E6.8E.A2.E6.B5.8B"></span>觀測探测</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="编辑章节:觀測探测"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="火星观测历史">火星观测历史</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="古代"><span id=".E5.8F.A4.E4.BB.A3"></span>古代</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="编辑章节:古代"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_views_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_views_001.jpg/190px-Mars_views_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_views_001.jpg/285px-Mars_views_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Mars_views_001.jpg/380px-Mars_views_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="922" /></a><figcaption>各時期的火星觀測</figcaption></figure><p>火星的火<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2" title="红色">红色</a>,自古就吸引着人们,希臘人稱火星為「戰神」。此時的火星觀測和其他<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="天體">天體</a>一樣,大部分是為了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A0%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="占星">占星</a>,而後漸漸涉及科學方面,如<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%9C%E5%8B%92" class="mw-redirect" title="克卜勒">克卜勒</a>探索<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%9C%E5%8B%92%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="克卜勒定律">行星運動定律</a>時依據了<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="第谷">第谷</a>积累的大量而精密的火星運行觀測資料。<sup id="cite_ref-:5_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9B%E9%81%A0%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="望遠鏡">望遠鏡</a>出現後,人们对火星可以进行更進一步的觀測。使用望遠鏡观测星空的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%88%A9%E7%95%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="伽利略">伽利略</a>所見的火星只是一個橘紅小點,然而隨著望遠鏡的發展,觀測者開始辨別到一些<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5" title="反照率特徵">明暗特徵</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="惠更斯">惠更斯</a>依此測出火星自轉週期約為24.6小時,而他亦為首次紀錄火星<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="南極高原">南極冠</a>的人。一開始由于各人各自觀測,意見不一致,地名也未統一(例如用繪製者名字命名)。後來<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利">義大利</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E8%8C%83%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%95%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="喬范尼·斯基亞帕雷利">喬范尼·斯基亞帕雷利</a>統合了各家說法而繪製了地圖,地名取自地中海、中東等的地名和聖經等作為來源,而其餘則依照舊有的觀念:暗區被認為是湖、海等水體,如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E6%B9%96_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="太陽湖 (火星)">太陽湖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%A3%AC" title="塞壬">塞壬</a>海、明顯的暗大三角——<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="大瑟提斯高原">大瑟提斯</a>;而亮區則是陸地,如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%9C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="亞馬遜平原 (火星)">亞馬遜</a>。這個命名系統一直延續下來。<sup id="cite_ref-:5_100-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>當時,斯基亞帕雷利和同期觀測者一樣,觀察到了火星表面似乎有一些從暗區延伸出的細線,因為對於暗區是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%AB%94" title="水體">水體</a>的傳統,這些細線被命名為「水道」。而後來觀察到暗區會在冬季時縮小、夏季時擴張。有人提出暗區是<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>覆蓋、而暗區的擴大縮小則是消長所引起的,改變以往認為暗區是水的說法。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E8%A5%BF%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%BE%85%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="帕西瓦爾·羅威爾">帕西瓦爾·羅威爾</a>觀察到並宣稱那些「水道」其實是人工挖掘的「<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3" title="火星运河">運河</a>」,用來灌溉<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9" title="植物">植物</a>,因為水道應太細不可見,而看到的細線應是灌溉出的大片植物。风靡大众的火星科幻和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA" title="火星人">火星人</a>即源于此。不過這些細線大多已被證明不存在,部分則是峽谷或隕石坑後延伸出的深色沙子。而火星表面颜色的改变则是因为沙被風吹移,或發生沙尘暴。<sup id="cite_ref-:5_100-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-100"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20世紀"><span id="20.E4.B8.96.E7.B4.80"></span>20世紀</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="编辑章节:20世紀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="火星探测">火星探测</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/230px--Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="230" height="129" data-durationhint="30" data-mwtitle="Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs=&quot;theora, vorbis&quot;" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp9, opus&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9d/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv/Mars_Landing_Sites.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs=&quot;vp8, vorbis&quot;" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>動畫展示各個火星探測器的登陸點</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="苏联太空计划">蘇聯</a>、<a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">美國</a>、<a href="/wiki/JAXA" class="mw-redirect" title="JAXA">日本</a>在这个世纪發射了不少<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="太空船">太空船</a>研究火星表面、地質和氣候。這些太空船包括<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="人造衛星">軌道衛星</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="登陸器">登陸器</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="火星车">漫遊車</a>,但相当大部分任務在完成前或剛要開始時就因種種原因而失敗。<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p> 1960年10月10日,蘇聯向火星發射了第一枚探測器<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1A%E8%99%9F" title="火星1A號">火星1A號</a>,但以失敗告終。此後蘇聯經過多次嘗試,終於在1962年11月1日,蘇聯向火星發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1%E5%8F%B7" title="火星1号">火星1號</a>,這枚<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="探测器">探測器</a>終於進入了前往火星的軌道,然而1963年3月21日它飛行到距離地球1.06億公里的距離時,與地面失去了通信聯繫。1965年,NASA的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B4%E8%99%9F" title="水手4號">水手4號</a>飛掠火星。1971年<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B9%E8%99%9F" title="水手9號">水手9號</a>進入火星軌道,成為第一個環繞火星的探測船<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mars_Viking_11h016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Mars_Viking_11h016.png/220px-Mars_Viking_11h016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Mars_Viking_11h016.png/330px-Mars_Viking_11h016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Mars_Viking_11h016.png/440px-Mars_Viking_11h016.png 2x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>海盜1號登陸器拍摄的照片</figcaption></figure><p>1971年<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="蘇聯">蘇聯</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="火星计划">火星計畫</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2%E5%8F%B7" title="火星2号">火星2號</a>的登陸器墜毀後數日,相同的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F3%E8%99%9F" title="火星3號">火星3號</a>的登陸器成功登陸火星,是第一個成功登陸火星的探測器,但登陸十幾秒後隨即失去聯繫,攜帶的火星車Prop-M也未能將訊息傳回地球。1975年,NASA發射<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC%E5%8F%B7" title="維京号">海盜號</a>,包括兩組軌道衛星和登陸器。<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%9C1%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="海盜1號">海盜1號</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%9C2%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="海盜2號">2號</a>軌道衛星各運作了六年和三年。兩個登陸器皆於1976年成功登陸,並傳送了第一張火星地景的彩色照片<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,而軌道衛星也繪製了全面的火星地圖,甚至到今天都還在使用。 </p><p>1988年蘇聯發射<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="弗伯斯計畫">弗伯斯1號、2號</a>以探測火星和兩個衛星。弗伯斯1號於抵達前失去聯繫,而弗伯斯2號雖然成功拍攝了火星和火衛一,但在放出兩艘登陸器到火衛一前也失去聯繫,所攜帶的著陸器也未能在火星表面著陸。<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>在1992年<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="火星觀察者">火星觀察者</a>失敗後,NASA於1996年11月發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8B%98%E6%B8%AC%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="火星全球勘測者">火星全球勘測者</a>。火星全球勘測者於1997年進入火星環繞軌道,其出色地完成任務,它在2001年完成了地圖繪製的任務,並三次延長任務,直到2006年11月2日失去聯繫而結束,總計在太空中運作了10年。在火星全球勘測者發射一個月後,NASA發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E8%B7%AF%E8%80%85" title="火星探路者">火星探路者</a>,並攜帶一個登陸器和漫遊車——<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E5%B1%85%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="旅居者號">旅居者號</a>(Sojourner),於1997年7月登陸在<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="阿瑞斯峽谷">阿瑞斯峽谷</a>。旅居者號成為第一個在火星上成功運作的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="火星车">火星車</a>,並運作長達83個火星日傳回了大量照片。<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>NASA的火星勘測98計畫於1998、99年發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星氣候衛星">火星氣候衛星</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%9C%B0%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E8%80%85" class="mw-redirect" title="火星極地登陸者">火星極地登陸者</a>,前者預計研究氣候、水與二氧化碳等,後者則預計於南極登陸,探測器搭載的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E7%A9%BA2%E5%8F%B7" title="深空2号">深空2號</a>則計劃於火星極地登陸者進入大氣時與它分離,直接降落並穿入地表進行研究。但火星氣候探測者號在1999年9月23日在進入火星軌道的過程中失去聯絡,最終任務失敗<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,極地登陸者則在1999年12月3日探測器登陸火星時失去聯絡,<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>兩者均以失敗告終。 </p><p>另外,1996年12月16日,俄羅斯發射了火星96號探測器,探測器進入地球軌道後未能成功點火進入前往火星的軌道,而宣告失敗。<sup id="cite_ref-:4_18-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>1998年7月3日日本發射的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%99%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="希望號探測器 (日本)">希望號探測器</a>,於2003年12月10日進行最後的遠程遙控修復作業仍告無效之後,日本放棄讓「希望號」進入火星軌道的嘗試,項目也以失敗告終。<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21世紀"><span id="21.E4.B8.96.E7.B4.80"></span>21世紀</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="编辑章节:21世紀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>这个世纪,更多国家和地区的航天部门加入到火星探测的行动中。 </p><p>2001年NASA發射了<a href="/wiki/2001%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A5%A7%E5%BE%B7%E8%B3%BD%E8%99%9F" title="2001火星奧德賽號">2001火星奧德賽號</a>,任務成功進行並延續到2010年9月。<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>船上的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E5%85%89%E5%88%86%E8%AE%A1" title="加玛射线光分计">伽瑪射線光譜儀</a>於<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91" title="表岩屑">地表</a>下一公尺內偵測到大量的氫,證明有大量的水分子存在火星近地表。<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2003年NASA發射了兩台相同的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E6%BC%AB%E6%B8%B8%E8%80%85" title="火星探测漫游者">火星探測漫遊者</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="精神號">精神號</a>(MER-A)和<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="機會號">機會號</a>(MER-B)。兩台皆於2004年1月成功登陸並工作超過預定時間。傳回的資料中最有價值的是兩地過去有水的確實證據。偶爾的塵捲風和風暴清除了太陽能板上的沙塵,使它們的工作時長超過了預定任務時間。<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2003年<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%B8%BD%E7%BD%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲太空總署">歐洲太空總署</a>發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A%E8%99%9F" title="火星快車號">火星快車號</a>,包括軌道衛星和登陸器——<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%8D%B5%E7%8A%AC2%E8%99%9F" title="小獵犬2號">小獵犬2號</a>,而小獵犬2號於2004年2月降落失敗(后查证为降落后无法正常部署而失联)。<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2004年船上的行星傅立葉光譜儀於其大氣中偵測到甲烷。2006年6月ESA宣布火星快車號發現<a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E5%85%89" class="mw-redirect" title="極光">極光</a>。<sup id="cite_ref-aurora_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aurora-113"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2005年8月NASA發射了<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8B%98%E5%AF%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星勘察衛星">火星勘察衛星</a>,於2006年3月進入火星軌道展開為期2年的工作。它搭載更先進的通訊系統,<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%BB%E5%AF%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="頻寬">頻寬</a>比之前任務總和還寬,且傳回的資料遠多於過去任務的總和。其擁有解析度高達0.3公尺的相機——HiRISE,拍攝地表和天氣以尋找未來任務的適合登陸地點。2008年2月19日拍攝到北極冠邊緣的一系列<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E5%B4%A9" title="雪崩">雪崩</a>影像。<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2007年2月25日,探測<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%A1%9E%E5%A1%94%E8%99%9F" title="羅塞塔號">羅塞塔號</a>近距離飛掠火星並拍照,拍到火星的高空雲系。<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>NASA於2007年8月發射<a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="凤凰号火星探测器">鳳凰號</a>,於2008年5月登陸在火星北緯68度的極區。<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>鳳凰號登陸器有一支可伸及2.5公尺的機械手臂,並可挖掘土壤1公尺深。它還搭載一座顯微鏡,解析度達人類頭髮寬度的千分之一。2008年6月20日,其確認了在2008年6月15日發現的地表白色物質為水冰。<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2008年11月10日,NASA由於火星進入冬季而無法繼續聯繫鳳凰號,任務結束。<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_NASA_Mission_Declared_Dead_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_NASA_Mission_Declared_Dead-119"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2009年2月17日,<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E6%98%8E%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="黎明號">黎明號</a>飛掠火星以<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8D%E5%8A%9B%E5%8A%A9%E6%8E%A8" title="重力助推">重力助推</a>前往目的地<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="灶神星">灶神星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="穀神星">穀神星</a>,並在接近火星時拍照。<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg/184px-Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg/276px-Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg/368px-Curiosity_Self-Portrait_at_%27Big_Sky%27_Drilling_Site.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4483" data-file-height="6180" /></a><figcaption>好奇号在火星<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="夏普山 (火星)">夏普山</a>山脚下的自拍照片,摄于2015年10月</figcaption></figure> <p>2011年11月9日,中俄合作的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%8D%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="福布斯-土壤">福布斯-土壤號</a>升空,預計送回火衛一土壤樣本。而该探测器还搭载了一颗重110公斤的火星探测器,也就中國第一艘火星軌道環繞器<a href="/wiki/%E8%9E%A2%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%80%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="螢火一號">螢火一號</a>(YH-1),預計乘坐俄羅斯的<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="聯盟號">聯盟號</a>運載火箭升空,航程大約10個月。螢火一號主要研究火星的電離層及周圍空間環境,火星磁場等。<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>但该探测器发射到近地轨道后,因为与地面失去联系变轨失败,探测器的碎片于莫斯科时间2012年1月15日坠落在太平洋海域。<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>繼鳳凰號之後,NASA於2011年的發射的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="火星科学实验室">火星科學實驗室</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇号</a>),在2012年8月6日05:31UTC成功登陆火星的<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="蓋爾撞擊坑">盖尔撞击坑</a>。它和火星探測漫遊者一樣是火星車,但比火星探測漫遊者更大、速度更快,而且設備更完善。它搭載了雷射化學檢測儀,可在13公尺外分析岩石的組成<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。比起之前其它火星任务,它携带了更多先进科学仪器。本次任务的总成本达到了25亿美元,是历来最贵的火星探测任务。<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2013年11月19日NASA發射<a href="/wiki/MAVEN" title="MAVEN">MAVEN</a>探測器,研究火星大氣。<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2014年9月22日進入環繞火星的軌道,MAVEN至今仍在運作。<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>2014年9月24日,印度的火星軌道探測器也成功進入火星軌道。<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2016年3月14日,<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%B8%BD%E7%BD%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="歐洲太空總署">ESA</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="俄罗斯联邦航天局">俄羅斯聯邦航天局</a>合作研發的<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BE%AE%E9%87%8F%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星微量氣體衛星">火星微量氣體衛星</a>成功發射,該衛星將分析火星大氣層,並將運載<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%95%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%A9%E6%BC%94%E7%A4%BA%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="斯基亞帕雷利演示登陸器">斯基亞帕雷利演示登陸器</a>至火星進行登陸。其可挖掘兩公尺深以尋找有機物甚至火星生命。<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>登陸器於2016年10月19日登陸火星,但由於登陸器與火星高速碰撞,造成登陸計劃失敗。原定於2020年7月發射的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E8%99%9F" title="羅莎琳·富蘭克林號">羅莎琳·富蘭克林號</a><sup id="cite_ref-LaunchMoved2020_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LaunchMoved2020-130"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,則被推遲到2022年<sup id="cite_ref-LaunchMoved2022_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LaunchMoved2022-131"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png/233px-Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png" decoding="async" width="233" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png/350px-Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png/466px-Zhurong-with-lander-selfie.png 2x" data-file-width="1818" data-file-height="1006" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="祝融号火星车">祝融号火星车</a>与着陆器于<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%89%98%E9%82%A6%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="乌托邦平原">乌托邦平原</a>着陆后的合照</figcaption></figure> <p>2020年7月下旬,<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="阿联酋希望号火星探测器">阿联酋希望号火星探测器</a>、中国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="国家航天局">国家航天局</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%97%AE%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="天问一号">天问一号</a>、與NASA的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%85%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="毅力号火星探测器">毅力号</a>,先後發射升空。2021年2月9日希望號到達火星。2月18日毅力號成功登陸火星,毅力號還攜帶一台火星無人直升機<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%99%BA%E5%8F%B7" title="机智号">机智号</a>,機智號在2021年4月19日首次試飛獲得成功,這是人類首次實現飛行器在其他星球的受控飛行。4月20日,毅力號成功將<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94" class="mw-redirect" title="火星大气">火星大氣</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="二氧化碳">二氧化碳</a>轉化成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧</a>,這是地球以外的首次成功造氧。<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>5月15日,中国<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="国家航天局">国家航天局</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%97%AE%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="天问一号">天问一号</a>着陆器和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="祝融号火星车">祝融号火星车</a>在火星<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E6%89%98%E9%82%A6%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="烏托邦平原">烏托邦平原</a>南部预选着陆区成功着陆,<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>5月22日,祝融號被成功釋放到火星表面,中國成為了繼美國之後第二個在火星著陸並且成功部署火星車的國家,而且是第一個一次完成環繞、登陸、巡視的國家。<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="人類登陸"><span id=".E4.BA.BA.E9.A1.9E.E7.99.BB.E9.99.B8"></span>人類登陸</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="编辑章节:人類登陸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>目前,將一公斤物體由地球表面送往火星平均要花費约30,900<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%83" title="美元">美元</a>。2004年美國總統<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%80" class="mw-redirect" title="小布什">布什</a>宣布<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="載人火星任務">載人火星任務</a>為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E5%B1%95%E6%9C%9B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="太空探索展望(页面不存在)">太空探索展望</a>中的長期目標。<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>NASA和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81" title="洛克希德·马丁">洛克希德·馬丁</a>已開始研究<a href="/wiki/%E7%8D%B5%E6%88%B6%E5%BA%A7%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="獵戶座太空船">獵戶座太空船</a>,計劃於2020年以前送人類到月球,作為人類登陸火星的準備。2007年9月28日,NASA執行長<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="邁克爾·格里芬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Michael D. Griffin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%81%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%87%8C%E8%8A%AC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="邁克爾·格里芬(页面不存在)">邁克爾·格里芬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_D._Griffin" class="extiw" title="en:Michael D. Griffin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Michael D. Griffin</span></a></span>)</span></span>聲明NASA預計於2037年以前送人類到火星。<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>ESA也希望於2030至2035年間將人類送上火星。<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E9%81%94%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="直達火星(页面不存在)">直達火星</a>是<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%C2%B7%E7%A5%96%E8%B3%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="羅伯·祖賓(页面不存在)">羅伯·祖賓</a>——<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="火星學會">火星学会</a>的創始人和主席——提出的極低成本<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="載人火星任務">載人火星任務</a>,使用重載的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E7%A5%9E5%E8%99%9F%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%89%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="農神5號運載火箭">農神五號</a>級火箭,省略軌道組裝、低地軌道會合和月球燃料補給站而直接用小的太空船前往火星。修改後的計劃,稱為「Mars to Stay」,改為先不送回第一批登陸者。狄恩·尤尼克說明,送回一開始的四到六人所花費用比送他們到火星還高,反而還可再送二十人。<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="火星生命"><span id=".E7.81.AB.E6.98.9F.E7.94.9F.E5.91.BD"></span>火星生命</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="编辑章节:火星生命"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="火星殖民">火星殖民</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96" title="火星地球化">火星地球化</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg/174px-TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg/261px-TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg/348px-TerraformedMarsGlobeRealistic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4450" data-file-height="4450" /></a><figcaption>畫家筆下有生命的火星</figcaption></figure> <p>2000年,美国科学家在南极洲发现了一块火星陨石。这是一块碳酸盐陨石,后被编号为<a href="/wiki/ALH84001" class="mw-redirect" title="ALH84001">ALH84001</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B1%80" title="美国国家航空航天局">美国国家航空航天局</a>声称在这块陨石上发现了一些类似<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3" title="微体化石">微體化石</a>的结构,有人认为这可能是火星生命存在的证据,但也有人認為這只是自然生成的礦物晶體。直到2004年,争论的双方仍然没有任何一方占据上风。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>有证据顯示火星曾比现在更适合生命存在<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,但生命在火星上到底是否真正存在过还没有确切的结论。某些研究者<sup id="cite_ref-:1_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>认为源自火星的<a href="/wiki/ALH84001" class="mw-redirect" title="ALH84001">ALH84001</a>陨石有过去生命活动的证据,但这个看法至今尚未得到公认。另有反對的觀點<sup id="cite_ref-:1_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-142"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>认为,自幾十亿年前产生以来,该陨石从未长期处于液态水存在的温度下,因而不会曾有生命活动。<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-139"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97%E5%8F%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="海盗号">海盜号</a>曾做实验检测火星土壤中可能存在的微生物。实验只分析了海盜号着陆点处的土壤并给出了阳性的结果<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,但隨後即被许多科学家所否定,而这一结果也仍就处在争议之中<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。现存生物活动也是火星大气中存在微量<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="甲烷">甲烷</a>的解释之一,但亦有其它与生命无关的解释。人类若对外星殖民,由于火星的适宜条件(同其他行星相比,火星最像地球,而且距离相对较近),它将是人类的首选地点。<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>2018年6月6日,美國<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%80%BB%E7%BD%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="太空总署">太空總署</a>宣布,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇號</a>探測車在火星古老湖床的岩石裏發現<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="有機物質">有機物質</a>。這可能對尋找生命給出重要線索。<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相关文化及网络用语"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E5.85.B3.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96.E5.8F.8A.E7.BD.91.E7.BB.9C.E7.94.A8.E8.AF.AD"></span>相关文化及网络用语</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="编辑章节:相关文化及网络用语"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>中国古人認為火星在位置及亮度上都常變不定,故稱為「熒惑」,在星占學上象徵殘、疾、喪、飢、兵等惡象。「<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%A7%E6%83%91%E5%AE%88%E5%BF%83" title="荧惑守心">熒惑守心</a>」是火星留守在<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%AE%BF" title="心宿">心宿</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E8%A0%8D%E5%BA%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="天蠍座">天蠍座</a>)的天文現象,心宿主要有三顆星,中間這顆最亮,代表皇帝,旁邊的兩顆代表太子、庶子。熒惑守心是很罕見的天象,被認為最不祥,可能出現兩種結果一是皇帝駕崩,或是宰相下台。西漢成帝綏和二年(前7年),天文台觀測到了熒惑守心,宰相<a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%9F%E6%96%B9%E9%80%B2" title="翟方進">翟方進</a>被<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%88%90%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="漢成帝">漢成帝</a>賜了毒酒自殺。翟方進死沒幾天,漢成帝突然暴斃<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>,王莽後來稱帝,翟方進之子翟義起兵反王莽。<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>台灣<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E6%B8%85%E8%8F%AF%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="國立清華大學">國立清華大學</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E4%B8%80%E8%BE%B2" title="黃一農">黃一農</a>教授在他的專書《名家專題精講系列—社會天文學史十講》內的其中一篇文章《中國星占學上最凶的天象──「熒惑守心」》提到,現在以電腦推算發現當年並未發生此天象,中國史籍中記載熒惑守心共二十三次,但有十七次是偽造的。中國歷史上實際發生過的熒惑守心則共有三十八次,且在中國史籍多無記錄<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>关于火星的神话传说有: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF" title="阿瑞斯">阿瑞斯</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A" title="希腊">希腊</a>戰神</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" title="玛尔斯">玛尔斯</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC" title="罗马">罗马</a>戰神</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%BD%E5%8B%92" title="内尔伽勒">內爾伽勒</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%AF%94%E5%80%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="巴比倫">巴比倫</a>神祇</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E7%88%BE" title="提爾">提爾</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="北歐神話">北歐神話</a>中的戰神</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F_(%E5%A6%96%E6%80%AA)" class="mw-redirect" title="火星 (妖怪)">火星 (妖怪)</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="中国神话">中国神話</a>中的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%96%E6%80%AA" title="妖怪">妖怪</a>,记载于《<a href="/wiki/%E6%90%9C%E7%A5%9E%E8%AE%B0" title="搜神记">搜神记</a>》</li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%96%87" title="火星文">火星文</a>是中文互联网曾经流行的一种特殊的文本,大量使用同音字、音近字、特殊符号来表音,难以阅读,取“地球人看不懂的文字”的讽刺意味。<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>火星人又是一个网络名词,一则指个性讲究中不断泛滥,衍生出的社会现象,另指在中国论坛中,火星被用来形容陈旧的信息,火星人指把大家都已经知道的消息拿来当新闻说的人。<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="编辑章节:註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">由於其結構複雜,奧林帕斯山的高度是由它的西北部邊緣直至它的頂部得出的。而如果從亞馬遜平原開始算起,其的總海拔落差可達26千米,接近珠峰的三倍。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">從海底到山頂的高度</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">這意味著火星的表面可能是由兩個板塊組成的。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">雖然二氧化碳量是地球的數倍,但因氣壓低且缺乏水氣,<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E6%87%89" class="mw-redirect" title="溫室效應">溫室效應</a>只有10℃,比地球的33℃低。<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">測量值為0.18±0.67 ppbv,對應於1.3<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ppbv&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ppbv(页面不存在)">ppbv</a>上限(95%<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%AE%E4%BF%A1%E9%99%90&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="置信限(页面不存在)">置信限</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">这是因为火星的公转周期更长。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">某些地區地表温度白天可達28℃,夜晚可低至-132℃,平均溫度約為-52℃。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">因此它們總是以同一面對著火星。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="编辑章节:參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Mars_Hubble.jpg/28px-Mars_Hubble.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Mars_Hubble.jpg/42px-Mars_Hubble.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Mars_Hubble.jpg/56px-Mars_Hubble.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Portal:火星">火星主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:太陽系">太陽系主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:2; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太陽系探測器列表">太陽系探測器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="太陽系探索時間線">太陽系探索時間線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%A3%AB%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9B%86" title="大流士火星曆">大流士火星曆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E8%8E%93%E7%9F%B3" title="藍莓石">藍莓石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%B8%89%E9%83%A8%E6%9B%B2" title="火星三部曲">火星三部曲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA" title="外星人">外星人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA" title="火星人">火星人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="火星生命">火星生命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9C%E5%B1%85%E5%B8%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="宜居带">宜居带</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=25" title="编辑章节:參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">Mars Fact Sheet</a>. NASA. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-08-02</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612092806/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">存档</a>于2010-06-12).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=Mars+Fact+Sheet&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fplanetary%2Ffactsheet%2Fmarsfact.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://solarsystem.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&amp;Display=Facts&amp;System=Metric">Mars: Facts &amp; Figures</a>. NASA. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-03-06</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110721053211/http://solarsystem.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Mars&amp;Display=Facts&amp;System=Metric">存档</a>于2011-07-21).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=Mars%3A+Facts+%26+Figures&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsolarsystem.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fplanets%2Fprofile.cfm%3FObject%3DMars%26Display%3DFacts%26System%3DMetric&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rust-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rust_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Peplow, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bioedonline.org/news/news-print.cfm?art=954">How Mars got its rust</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-03-10</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120914153630/http://www.bioedonline.org/news/news-print.cfm?art=953">存档</a>于2012-09-14).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rft.aulast=Peplow&amp;rft.btitle=How+Mars+got+its+rust&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bioedonline.org%2Fnews%2Fnews-print.cfm%3Fart%3D954&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zubrin1997-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zubrin1997_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Zubrin, Robert; Wagner, Richard. The Case for Mars: The Plan to Settle the Red Planet and Why We Must. New York: Touchstone. 1997. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-684-83550-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-684-83550-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-0-684-83550-1</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/489144963"><span title="OCLC">OCLC&#160;489144963</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.au=Wagner%2C+Richard&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft.aulast=Zubrin&amp;rft.btitle=The+Case+for+Mars%3A+The+Plan+to+Settle+the+Red+Planet+and+Why+We+Must&amp;rft.date=1997&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-684-83550-1&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Touchstone&amp;rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F489144963&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rees2012-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rees2012_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Rees, Martin J. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universe0000unse_f2g0">Universe: The Definitive Visual Guide</a>. New York: Dorling Kindersley. October 2012: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/universe0000unse_f2g0/page/n163">160</a>–161. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7566-9841-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7566-9841-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-0-7566-9841-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.aufirst=Martin+J.&amp;rft.aulast=Rees&amp;rft.btitle=Universe%3A+The+Definitive+Visual+Guide&amp;rft.date=2012-10&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7566-9841-6&amp;rft.pages=160-161&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Dorling+Kindersley&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funiverse0000unse_f2g0&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marswater-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-marswater_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/news/mgs-20061206.html">NASA Images Suggest Water Still Flows in Brief Spurts on Mars</a>. NASA/JPL. 2006-12-06 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-01-04</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120914152741/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/news/mgs-20061206.html">存档</a>于2012-09-14).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=NASA+Images+Suggest+Water+Still+Flows+in+Brief+Spurts+on+Mars&amp;rft.date=2006-12-06&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA%2FJPL&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fmission_pages%2Fmars%2Fnews%2Fmgs-20061206.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Webster, G.; Beasley, D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070430085506/http://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/mgs/newsroom/20050920a.html">Orbiter's Long Life Helps Scientists Track Changes on Mars</a>. NASA. 2005-09-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-02-26</span>&#93;</span>. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/mgs/newsroom/20050920a.html">原始内容</a>存档于2007-04-30).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.au=Webster%2C+G.%3B+Beasley%2C+D.&amp;rft.btitle=Orbiter%27s+Long+Life+Helps+Scientists+Track+Changes+on+Mars&amp;rft.date=2005-09-20&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=NASA&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov%2Fmgs%2Fnewsroom%2F20050920a.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-water-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-water_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Trudy E. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240511103343/http://www.igg.cas.cn/Mars/gyhx/hxgk/">存档</a>于2024-05-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A6%82%E5%86%B5---%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.igg.cas.cn&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.igg.cas.cn%2FMars%2Fgyhx%2Fhxgk%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B/20210624-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E5%9C%A82033%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC">中國計畫在2033年進行首次載人火星探測</a>. RFI - 法國國際廣播電台. 2021-06-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-11</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240511120547/https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B/20210624-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E5%9C%A82033%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC">存档</a>于2024-05-11) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文(繁體)网页">(中文(繁體))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB%E5%9C%A82033%E5%B9%B4%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC&amp;rft.date=2021-06-24&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=RFI+-+%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD%E9%9B%BB%E5%8F%B0&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfi.fr%2Ftw%2F%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259C%258B%2F20210624-%25E4%25B8%25AD%25E5%259C%258B%25E8%25A8%2588%25E7%2595%25AB%25E5%259C%25A82033%25E5%25B9%25B4%25E9%2580%25B2%25E8%25A1%258C%25E9%25A6%2596%25E6%25AC%25A1%25E8%25BC%2589%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25E6%258E%25A2%25E6%25B8%25AC&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-莊雅州-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-莊雅州_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">莊雅州. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tpl.ncl.edu.tw/NclService/JournalContentDetail?SysId=A06034841">科學與迷信之際:史記天官書今探</a>. 中正大學中文學術年刊. 2004, <b>6</b>: 125–160 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2023-06-23</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230623064309/https://tpl.ncl.edu.tw/NclService/JournalContentDetail?SysId=A06034841">存档</a>于2023-06-23). <q>五大行星異名極多……今日的通稱,與五大行星的顏色有關。行星並不像恆星那樣能自身發光,而是反射太陽光,而反射的光波波長與行星表面大氣成份有關。歲星青色,故稱木星;熒惑紅色,故稱火星;填星(鎮星)黃色,故稱土星;太白白色,故稱金星;辰星灰色,屬黑色系列,故稱水星。這樣的命名,剛好與五行所配的顏色相符。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E8%88%87%E8%BF%B7%E4%BF%A1%E4%B9%8B%E9%9A%9B%EF%BC%9A%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%98%E6%9B%B8%E4%BB%8A%E6%8E%A2&amp;rft.au=%E8%8E%8A%E9%9B%85%E5%B7%9E&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E8%A1%93%E5%B9%B4%E5%88%8A&amp;rft.pages=125-160&amp;rft.volume=6&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftpl.ncl.edu.tw%2FNclService%2FJournalContentDetail%3FSysId%3DA06034841&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%99%E5%B7%B3%E5%8D%A0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="乙巳占(页面不存在)">乙巳占</a>》:「凡五星,各有常色,各有本體。至如歲星色青,熒惑色赤,如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%92%E6%98%9F" title="大角星">大角</a>,如參左肩,是其常色。填星色黃,太白色白,如<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E8%BB%8A%E4%BA%8C" title="五車二">五車大星</a>有光。辰星色黑,如奎大星。」<br />《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%88%E8%87%BA%E7%A7%98%E8%8B%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="靈臺秘苑(页面不存在)">靈臺秘苑</a>》:「歲星者……在春曰王,象如<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%AE%BF%E4%BA%8C" title="角宿二">左角</a>(原文寫參左角,其「參」字應為衍文,據《<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E5%85%83%E5%8D%A0%E7%B6%93" title="開元占經">開元占經</a>》:「歲星之王也,戶,立春至春之盡,其色比左角大而蒼……歲星如左角之狀,其色蒼」,僅言「左角」)大而青有精光,仲春之時有芒角……熒惑者……至夏旺,色比<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="心大星">心大星</a>而有精明,仲夏之時有芒角……鎮星者……在四季曰王,色正黃,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E4%BA%8C" title="北極二">北極中央大星</a>而精明有芒角……太白者……在秋曰王,其色比<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8B%BC%E6%98%9F" title="天狼星">狼星</a>精明而有光,仲秋之時有芒角……辰星者……在冬曰王,色比<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E5%AE%BF%E4%B9%9D" title="奎宿九">奎大星</a>精明有光,冬至之時有芒角……五星有色、大小不同,各依其行而順時應節。色變青比參右肩,赤比心大星,黃比參左肩,白比狼,黑比奎大星,不失常色而應其央者,吉。色害行,凶。」<br />《史記·天官書》:「太白白,比狼(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8B%BC%E6%98%9F" title="天狼星">天狼星</a>);赤,比心(<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%AE%BF%E4%BA%8C" title="心宿二">心宿二</a>);黃,比參左肩(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E5%AE%BF%E5%9B%9B" title="參宿四">參宿四</a>);蒼,比參右肩(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E5%AE%BF%E4%BA%94" title="参宿五">參宿五</a>);黑,比奎大星(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E5%AE%BF%E4%B9%9D" title="奎宿九">奎宿九</a>)。」(莊雅州〈科學與迷信之際:史記天官書今探〉一文指出:「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8B%BC%E6%98%9F" title="天狼星">天狼星</a>為白色,<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E5%AE%BF%E4%BA%8C" title="心宿二">心宿二</a>為紅色,參右肩(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%82%E5%AE%BF%E4%BA%94" title="参宿五">參宿五</a>,獵戶γ)為藍白色,都與今日所見相同,惟參左肩(<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E5%AE%BF%E5%9B%9B" title="參宿四">參宿四</a>,獵戶α)現代為紅色,司馬遷卻記為黃色,近代美國天文學家布瑞徹(Bureche)研究,認為這顆恆星原本是紅色,2,700年前曾經發生過爆炸,根據推算,它在漢初確實是黃色,後來又漸漸恢復原來的紅色。奎大星(<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%8E%E5%AE%BF%E4%B9%9D" title="奎宿九">奎宿九</a>,仙女β)為暗紅色,司馬遷記載為黑色,正表示其為較暗的星。」)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_22-0"><sup><b>22.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_22-1"><sup><b>22.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sastind.gov.cn/n152/n6376149/n6376200/n6378939/c6399148/content.html#:~:text=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%EF%BC%88Mars%EF%BC%89%E6%98%AF%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F,%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8D%E5%AD%97%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E3%80%82">火星名称的由来</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%B1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="中華人民共和國國家國防科技工業局">中華人民共和國國家國防科技工業局</a>. 2016-04-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-11</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240511052828/https://www.sastind.gov.cn/n152/n6376149/n6376200/n6378939/c6399148/content.html#:~:text=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%EF%BC%88Mars%EF%BC%89%E6%98%AF%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F,%E4%BB%AC%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8D%E5%AD%97%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E3%80%82">存档</a>于2024-05-11) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文(简体)网页">(中文(简体))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%A7%B0%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B1%E6%9D%A5&amp;rft.date=2016-04-24&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E5%B1%80&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sastind.gov.cn%2Fn152%2Fn6376149%2Fn6376200%2Fn6378939%2Fc6399148%2Fcontent.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3D%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25EF%25BC%2588Mars%25EF%25BC%2589%25E6%2598%25AF%25E5%2585%25AB%25E5%25A4%25A7%25E8%25A1%258C%25E6%2598%259F%2C%25E4%25BB%25AC%25E7%259A%2584%25E5%2590%258D%25E5%25AD%2597%25E5%2591%25BD%25E5%2590%258D%25E7%259A%2584%25E3%2580%2582&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nssdc-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nssdc_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">David R. Williams. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">Mars Fact Sheet</a>. National Space Science Data Center. NASA. 2004-09-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2006-06-24</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612092806/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">存档</a>于2010-06-12).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=Mars+Fact+Sheet&amp;rft.au=David+R.+Williams&amp;rft.date=2004-09-01&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=National+Space+Science+Data+Center&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fplanetary%2Ffactsheet%2Fmarsfact.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zaobao.com/gj/gj120814_005.shtml">美国科学家:火星也有类似地球板块构造</a>. 联合早报. 2012-08-14. 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M., Northern mid-latitude glaciation in the Late Amazonian period of Mars: Criteria for the recognition of debris-covered glacier and valley glacier landsystem deposits, Earth snd Planetary Science Letters, 2009-06-26, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2009.06.041"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.06.041</span></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=Northern+mid-latitude+glaciation+in+the+Late+Amazonian+period+of+Mars%3A+Criteria+for+the+recognition+of+debris-covered+glacier+and+valley+glacier+landsystem+deposits&amp;rft.au=Baker%2C+D.+M.&amp;rft.au=Dickson%2C+J.+L.&amp;rft.au=Kress%2C+A.+M.&amp;rft.au=Marchant%2C+D.+R.&amp;rft.aufirst=J.+W.&amp;rft.aulast=Head&amp;rft.date=2009-06-26&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Earth+snd+Planetary+Science+Letters&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.epsl.2009.06.041&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">&#124;url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04907">PIA04907: Water Mass Map from Neutron Spectrometer</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20091222232538/http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04907">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) Photojournal: NASA's Image Access</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kostama-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kostama_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKostamaKreslavskyHead2006" class="citation">Kostama, V.-P.; Kreslavsky, M. 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W., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2006GL025946.shtml">Recent high-latitude icy mantle in the northern plains of Mars: Characteristics and ages of emplacement</a>, Geophysical Research Letters, 2006-06-03, <b>33</b>: L11201 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2007-08-12</span>&#93;</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F2006GL025946"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1029/2006GL025946</span></a>, (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090318010946/http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2006GL025946.shtml">存档</a>于2009-03-18)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=Recent+high-latitude+icy+mantle+in+the+northern+plains+of+Mars%3A+Characteristics+and+ages+of+emplacement&amp;rft.au=Head%2C+J.+W.&amp;rft.au=Kreslavsky%2C+M.+A.&amp;rft.aufirst=V.-P.&amp;rft.aulast=Kostama&amp;rft.date=2006-06-03&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&amp;rft.pages=L11201&amp;rft.volume=33&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agu.org%2Fpubs%2Fcrossref%2F2006%2F2006GL025946.shtml&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F2006GL025946&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span> 'Martian high-latitude zones are covered with a smooth, layered ice-rich mantle'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/2004/88.cfm">Mineral in Mars 'Berries' Adds to Water Story</a> (新闻稿). 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170513173728/http://www.nakedeyeplanets.com/mars-oppositions.htm">存档</a>于2017-05-13).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=2012-2027%E5%B9%B4%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9D%E6%97%A5%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E8%A1%A8&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nakedeyeplanets.com%2Fmars-oppositions.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://interesting-sky.china-vo.org/transit/sspt50w/tr-me-mi/">火星所见地球凌日-50万年列表 – 有趣天文奇观</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512110855/http://interesting-sky.china-vo.org/transit/sspt50w/tr-mm-mi/">存档</a>于2024-05-12) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文(中国大陆)网页">(中文(中国大陆))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%89%80%E8%A7%81%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5-50%E4%B8%87%E5%B9%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8+%E2%80%93+%E6%9C%89%E8%B6%A3%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%A5%87%E8%A7%82&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finteresting-sky.china-vo.org%2Ftransit%2Fsspt50w%2Ftr-mm-mi%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.1iwu.com/mobile/news/show/159683/">不能看到火星凌日(Sl5不能看到火星凌日的原因)手机版-语桐篱木</a>. www.1iwu.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512100814/http://www.1iwu.com/mobile/news/show/159683/">存档</a>于2024-05-12).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E4%B8%8D%E8%83%BD%E7%9C%8B%E5%88%B0%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5%28Sl5%E4%B8%8D%E8%83%BD%E7%9C%8B%E5%88%B0%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%8E%9F%E5%9B%A0%29%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E7%89%88-%E8%AF%AD%E6%A1%90%E7%AF%B1%E6%9C%A8&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.1iwu.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.1iwu.com%2Fmobile%2Fnews%2Fshow%2F159683%2F&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stellarium-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stellarium_95-0"><sup><b>88.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stellarium_95-1"><sup><b>88.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">根據<a href="/wiki/Stellarium" title="Stellarium">Stellarium</a>模擬。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ast.nhps.tp.edu.tw/asp/astknow/upload/20080701火衛弗伯斯大限縮短至%201,040%20萬年.pdf">火衛弗伯斯大限縮短至1,040萬年</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160304125404/http://ast.nhps.tp.edu.tw/asp/astknow/upload/20080701%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E5%BC%97%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%90%E7%B8%AE%E7%9F%AD%E8%87%B3%201%2C040%20%E8%90%AC%E5%B9%B4.pdf">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) 台北市立天文館</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.universetoday.com/74073/new-theory-says-phobos-formed-from-re-accretion-of-impact-debris/">New Theory Says Phobos Formed From Re-Accretion of Impact Debris</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100923152209/http://www.universetoday.com/74073/new-theory-says-phobos-formed-from-re-accretion-of-impact-debris/">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>), Universe Today, 2010-09-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/news/mars-moons-phobos-deimos">火衛一和火衛二:奇怪的火星衛星</a>. Star Walk. 2022-08-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240512100811/https://starwalk.space/zh-Hant/news/mars-moons-phobos-deimos">存档</a>于2024-05-12) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文(繁體)网页">(中文(繁體))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80%E5%92%8C%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C%EF%BC%9A%E5%A5%87%E6%80%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.date=2022-08-15&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Star+Walk&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstarwalk.space%2Fzh-Hant%2Fnews%2Fmars-moons-phobos-deimos&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_100-0"><sup><b>92.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_100-1"><sup><b>92.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_100-2"><sup><b>92.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">孔繼高、李俊勇. 因其外表而得名的火星. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=HJfyEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT82&amp;lpg=PT82&amp;dq=%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E4%BE%9D%E6%AD%A4%E6%B8%AC%E5%87%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E7%B4%84%E7%82%BA24.6%E5%B0%8F%E6%99%82%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%A6%E7%82%BA%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E3%80%82&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=XnVPdYVAEC&amp;sig=ACfU3U14-SxBh53yWMbOOGareUt2HE44WA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwixnrHn7ImGAxXYlFYBHS0OBUIQ6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E4%BE%9D%E6%AD%A4%E6%B8%AC%E5%87%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E7%B4%84%E7%82%BA24.6%E5%B0%8F%E6%99%82%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%A6%E7%82%BA%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E3%80%82&amp;f=false">太空探索:宇宙科學的奧祕</a>. 崧博出版. 2023-11-20 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-13</span>&#93;</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-626-363-681-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-626-363-681-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span>&#160;978-626-363-681-1</a>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240513050542/https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=HJfyEAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT82&amp;lpg=PT82&amp;dq=%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E4%BE%9D%E6%AD%A4%E6%B8%AC%E5%87%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E7%B4%84%E7%82%BA24.6%E5%B0%8F%E6%99%82%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%A6%E7%82%BA%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E3%80%82&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=XnVPdYVAEC&amp;sig=ACfU3U14-SxBh53yWMbOOGareUt2HE44WA&amp;hl=en&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwixnrHn7ImGAxXYlFYBHS0OBUIQ6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage&amp;q=%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E4%BE%9D%E6%AD%A4%E6%B8%AC%E5%87%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%87%AA%E8%BD%89%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E7%B4%84%E7%82%BA24.6%E5%B0%8F%E6%99%82%EF%BC%8C%E8%80%8C%E4%BB%96%E4%BA%A6%E7%82%BA%E9%A6%96%E6%AC%A1%E7%B4%80%E9%8C%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0%E7%9A%84%E4%BA%BA%E3%80%82&amp;f=false">存档</a>于2024-05-13) <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文(繁體)网页">(中文(繁體))</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E5%9B%A0%E5%85%B6%E5%A4%96%E8%A1%A8%E8%80%8C%E5%BE%97%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.au=%E5%AD%94%E7%B9%BC%E9%AB%98%E3%80%81%E6%9D%8E%E4%BF%8A%E5%8B%87&amp;rft.btitle=%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%EF%BC%9A%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E7%9A%84%E5%A5%A7%E7%A5%95&amp;rft.date=2023-11-20&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.isbn=978-626-363-681-1&amp;rft.pub=%E5%B4%A7%E5%8D%9A%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.hk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHJfyEAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT82%26lpg%3DPT82%26dq%3D%25E6%2583%25A0%25E6%259B%25B4%25E6%2596%25AF%25E4%25BE%259D%25E6%25AD%25A4%25E6%25B8%25AC%25E5%2587%25BA%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25E8%2587%25AA%25E8%25BD%2589%25E9%2580%25B1%25E6%259C%259F%25E7%25B4%2584%25E7%2582%25BA24.6%25E5%25B0%258F%25E6%2599%2582%25EF%25BC%258C%25E8%2580%258C%25E4%25BB%2596%25E4%25BA%25A6%25E7%2582%25BA%25E9%25A6%2596%25E6%25AC%25A1%25E7%25B4%2580%25E9%258C%2584%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25E5%258D%2597%25E6%25A5%25B5%25E5%2586%25A0%25E7%259A%2584%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E3%2580%2582%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DXnVPdYVAEC%26sig%3DACfU3U14-SxBh53yWMbOOGareUt2HE44WA%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwixnrHn7ImGAxXYlFYBHS0OBUIQ6AF6BAgdEAM%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%25E6%2583%25A0%25E6%259B%25B4%25E6%2596%25AF%25E4%25BE%259D%25E6%25AD%25A4%25E6%25B8%25AC%25E5%2587%25BA%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25E8%2587%25AA%25E8%25BD%2589%25E9%2580%25B1%25E6%259C%259F%25E7%25B4%2584%25E7%2582%25BA24.6%25E5%25B0%258F%25E6%2599%2582%25EF%25BC%258C%25E8%2580%258C%25E4%25BB%2596%25E4%25BA%25A6%25E7%2582%25BA%25E9%25A6%2596%25E6%25AC%25A1%25E7%25B4%2580%25E9%258C%2584%25E7%2581%25AB%25E6%2598%259F%25E5%258D%2597%25E6%25A5%25B5%25E5%2586%25A0%25E7%259A%2584%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E3%2580%2582%26f%3Dfalse&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">NGC: The Universe 3, Cary Mitchell, Purdue University</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120731101459/http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/profile.cfm?MCode=Mariner_09">Mariner 9: Overview</a>. 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UANews.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2008-08-24</span>&#93;</span>. (原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320142240/http://uanews.org/node/20276">存档</a>于2012-03-20).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.btitle=Frozen+Water+Confirmed+on+Mars&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=UANews.org&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuanews.org%2Fnode%2F20276&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_NASA_Mission_Declared_Dead-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_NASA_Mission_Declared_Dead_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7721032.stm">NASA Mars Mission declared dead</a>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120517112602/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7721032.stm">存档</a>于2012-05-17).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=NASA+Mars+Mission+declared+dead&amp;rft.date=2008-11-10&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fscience%2Fnature%2F7721032.stm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA12065">PIA12065: Dawn's Framing Camera Flys by Mars</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090725023658/http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA12065">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) Photojournal: NASA's Image Access</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.russianspaceweb.com/phobos_grunt_scenario.html">Phobos-Grunt mission scenario</a>. www.russianspaceweb.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. 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ABC News. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. 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BBC News. 2012-01-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2024-05-12</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240514071459/http://cpc.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2021/0526/c64387-32113546.html">存档</a>于2024-05-14).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E2%80%9C%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E4%BA%8B%E6%A5%AD%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%88%E4%B8%80%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E6%80%A7%E9%80%B2%E5%B1%95%E2%80%9D%EF%BC%88%E5%A4%96%E5%AA%92%E7%9C%8B%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%EF%BC%89--%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%A0%B1%E9%81%93-%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E7%B6%B2&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=cpc.people.com.cn&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcpc.people.com.cn%2FBIG5%2Fn1%2F2021%2F0526%2Fc64387-32113546.html&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Britt, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.space.com/news/bush_plan_faq_040115.html#whenmars">When do we get to Mars?</a>. 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AFP. <span class="reference-accessdate"> &#91;<span class="nowrap">2009-08-19</span>&#93;</span>. 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(原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240511043935/http://www.srworld.net/HUOXING/magazine/huoxing/chidian.htm">存档</a>于2024-05-11).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;rft.atitle=%E2%96%A0%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%A8%E8%AF%AD%E2%96%A0-%E9%92%88%E5%AF%B9%E5%90%84%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=www.srworld.net&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.srworld.net%2FHUOXING%2Fmagazine%2Fhuoxing%2Fchidian.htm&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li>Nadine G. Barlow (2008). <i>Mars: An Introduction to its Interior, Surface and Atmosphere</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780521852265" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-521-85226-5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com.tw/books?id=o25Bojs7FMkC&amp;dq=Mars:+An+Introduction+to+its+Interior,+Surface+and+Atmosphere&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=bn&amp;hl=zh-TW&amp;ei=zNbNSo3pA8eCkAWejeHtAw&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=4&amp;ved=0CBMQ6AEwAw">Google圖書</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20120115045747/http://books.google.com.tw/books?id=o25Bojs7FMkC&amp;dq=Mars:+An+Introduction+to+its+Interior,+Surface+and+Atmosphere&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;source=bn&amp;hl=zh-TW&amp;ei=zNbNSo3pA8eCkAWejeHtAw&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=4&amp;ved=0CBMQ6AEwAw">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li>Hartmann, William K. (2003). <i>A Traveler's Guide to Mars</i>. New York: Workman Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0761126066" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7611-2606-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.93.BE.E6.8E.A5"></span>外部链接</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;section=26" title="编辑章节:外部链接"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>中相關的多媒體資源:<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mars" class="extiw" title="commons:Mars"><span style="font-weight:bold;">火星</span></a>(<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mars_(planet)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mars (planet)">分類</a>)</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">Mars Fact Sheet</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20100612092806/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) NASA的火星行星參數</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060221054202/http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/mgrid_mola.html">Mars 1:5 million-scale MOLA Imagery</a> 火星MOLA地形圖</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/SystemSearch2.jsp?System=Mars">Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Mars System</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060221055129/http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/jsp/SystemSearch2.jsp?System=Mars">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) 火星和衛星地名列表</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/targetFamily/Mars">JPL Photojournal: Mars</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090529005803/http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/targetFamily/Mars">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) 收錄NASA的火星探測照片</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/">Mars24 Sunclock</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20191215021808/http://www.giss.nasa.gov/tools/mars24/">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) 顯示火星現在時刻的NASA軟體</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.nasa.gov/SP-4212/on-mars.html">On Mars: Exploration of the Red Planet 1958-1978</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041101091421/http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4212/on-mars.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) NASA History Office上的火星探測史</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111116162608/http://ice.tsu.ru/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=category&amp;layout=blog&amp;id=24&amp;Itemid=92">New Papers about Martian Geomorphology</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>火星上的水</dt></dl> <ul><li>Dr. Tony Phillips: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast29jun_1m.htm">"Making a Splash on Mars"</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041031140019/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2000/ast29jun_1m.htm">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>), <i>Science@<a href="/wiki/NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA">NASA</a></i> article, 2000-06-29. Phillips describes the Martian "gullies" and explains the conditions under which liquid water can exist on the surface of Mars.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_2009000/2009318.stm">BBC News story on subsurface ice deposits on Mars</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20020604010338/http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_2009000/2009318.stm">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3426539.stm">BBC News update on Mars Express' findings of polar water ice and water-eroded features on the surface</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20090111181125/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3426539.stm">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/solarsystem/opportunity_water.html">Mars Rover Scientists Wring Water Story from Rocks</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041031213641/http://www.nasa.gov/vision/universe/solarsystem/opportunity_water.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) This image taken by Mars Rover <i>Opportunity</i> shows microscopic rock forms indicating past signs of water. Courtesy: NASA</li></ul> <dl><dt>火星探索</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040606150615/http://www.transhumanist.com/volume4/space.htm">The Political Economy of Very Large Space Projects (Journal Of Evolution and Technology)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exploremarsnow.org/">exploreMarsnow</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041021083315/http://www.exploremarsnow.org/">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) Interactive Mars base simulation. Winner of 2003 Webby Award for Science.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/home/index.html">NASA Mars Exploration Rover Home Page</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041029053129/http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/home/index.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dualmoments.com/marsrovers/index.html">Be on Mars</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20041012102600/http://dualmoments.com/marsrovers/index.html">页面存档备份</a>,存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>) Anaglyphs from the Mars Rovers (3D)</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="火星" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Template:火星"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Template talk:火星"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:火星"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="火星" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">火星</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%BB%BC%E8%BF%B0" title="火星综述">综述</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="火星地理">地理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%B1%A4" title="火星大氣層">大气层</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%8E%AF%E6%B5%81%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F" title="火星大气环流模式">环流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99" title="火星氣候">气候</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%98%E6%9A%B4%E7%97%95%E8%BF%B9" title="尘暴痕迹">尘暴痕迹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="火星甲烷">甲烷</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星高地列表(页面不存在)">区域</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%9C%B0_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="阿拉伯台地 (火星)">阿拉伯高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E8%80%B3%E6%9F%8F%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="刻耳柏洛斯平原">刻耳柏洛斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%80" title="塞東尼亞區">塞东尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%9E%E9%81%94%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E6%B9%96" title="艾瑞達尼亞湖">埃里达尼亚湖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%B0%BC%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="亞尼混沌">亚尼混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%B0" title="奧林比亞沙丘地">奥林比亚沙丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="南極高原 (火星)">南极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="北極高原">北极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星区域列表">四方区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%BA%BF%E6%B9%BE" title="子午线湾">子午线湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E4%BD%A9%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="坦佩高地">滕比高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="辛梅利亞高地">辛梅利亚高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E5%B7%B4%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="示巴高地">示巴高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="塔爾西斯">塔尔西斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地球外的沙丘地列表">沙丘</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9E%81%E5%9C%B0%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8%E8%80%85%E5%8F%B7&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星极地着陆器者号(页面不存在)">乌尔蒂马断崖群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E8%8D%92%E5%8E%9F" title="北方荒原">北方荒原</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="火星的表面特征">自然<br />特征</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3" title="火星运河">“运河”</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星运河列表">列表</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E8%B0%B7" title="深谷">峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88%E5%9D%91" title="鏈坑">链坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="混沌地形">混沌地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="火星撞擊坑">撞击坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F" title="堑沟">堑沟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%86%B2%E6%B2%9F" title="火星冲沟">火星冲沟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E9%A1%B6%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="平顶山">桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E9%AB%94%E7%B3%BB%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="行星體系命名法">迷宫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星山脉列表">山脉</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星山脉高度列表">按高度</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星岩石列表">观察的岩石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%A2%E5%87%BA%E6%B2%B3%E9%81%93" title="溢出河道">溢出河道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星平原列表">平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%B0%B7%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="河谷系统">河谷系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%B7%E5%9C%B0" title="谷地">谷地</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星引力(页面不存在)">引力</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="火星地質">地质</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%91%E7%BA%B9%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="脑纹地形">脑纹地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="火星碳酸盐">碳酸盐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2%E5%8C%BA%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星混沌地形区列表">混沌地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2" title="火星表面颜色">颜色</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%88%90%E5%88%86" title="火星成分">成分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E5%9D%91%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="同心坑沉积">同心坑沉积</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E5%9D%A1%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%B9" title="暗坡条纹">暗坡条纹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%88%86%E7%95%8C" title="火星分界">分界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%90%E8%9A%80%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="锐蚀地形">锐蚀地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%97%B4%E6%AD%87%E6%B3%89" title="火星间歇泉">间歇泉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="冰川 (火星)">冰川</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="火星的地下水">地下水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%86%B2%E6%B2%9F" title="火星冲沟">冲沟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B9%96%E6%B3%8A" title="火星湖泊">湖泊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%86%94%E5%B2%A9%E7%AE%A1" title="火星熔岩管">熔岩管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E7%8A%B6%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91%E5%9D%A1" title="舌状岩屑坡">舌状岩屑坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9C%87" title="火星震">火星震</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="火星隕石">陨石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星陨石列表">在地球上</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星岩石列表">在火星上</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B3%A5%E8%A3%82%E7%BC%9D" title="火星泥裂缝">泥裂缝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="北極盆地">北极盆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4" title="火星海洋假说">海洋假说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9F%BF%E7%9F%B3%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="火星矿石资源">矿石资源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0" title="火星極冠">极冠</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9C%9F%E6%9E%81%E9%A3%98%E7%A7%BB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星真极飘移(页面不存在)">真极飘移</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9A%96%E5%9D%A1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%A3%E8%8A%82%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81" title="火星暖坡上的季节性流">重现性坡线</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%BD%A2%E6%A8%A1%E5%85%B7%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" title="环形模具陨石坑">环模陨坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%A0%B9%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E9%94%A5" title="无根火山锥">无根火山锥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9A%96%E5%9D%A1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%A3%E8%8A%82%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81" title="火星暖坡上的季节性流">季节性流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="火星土壤">土壤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E8%8E%93%E7%9F%B3" title="藍莓石">藍莓石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2" title="火星表面">表面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E5%B9%B2%E9%85%AA%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="瑞士干酪特征">“瑞士干酪”特征</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2%E8%BD%AF%E5%8C%96" title="地形软化">地形软化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="塔爾西斯">塔尔西斯隆起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95" title="火星的火山活動">火山活动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87" title="火星水文">火星水文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%85%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%B0%E8%B2%8C" title="火星雅丹地貌">雅丹地貌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%8F%B2" title="火星地质史">地质史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E9%80%8A%E7%BA%AA" title="亚马逊纪">亚马逊纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%8F%80%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="赫斯珀里亚纪">赫斯珀里亚纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="诺亚纪">诺亚纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="火星观测历史">观测史</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星反照率特徵列表">古典反照率特征</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8" title="火星天文學">天文学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="火星的衛星">卫星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="火卫一">福波斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%85%8B%E5%B0%BC%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" title="斯蒂克尼隕石坑">斯蒂克尼陨坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80%E7%8B%AC%E7%9F%B3" title="火卫一独石">独石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C" title="火卫二">得摩斯</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A8%81%E5%A4%AB%E7%89%B9_(%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91)" class="mw-redirect" title="斯威夫特 (火衛二隕石坑)">斯威夫特陨坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8F%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%B0_(%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91)" class="mw-redirect" title="伏爾泰 (火衛二隕石坑)">伏尔泰陨坑</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%8C_(%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94)" title="凌 (天體)">凌日</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%A5%E9%A3%9F" title="火星日食">火星日食</a></li> <li>卫星凌火 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5" title="火卫一凌日">火卫一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5" title="火卫二凌日">火卫二</a></li></ul></li> <li>行星凌日 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="地球凌日 (火星)">地球</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="金星凌日 (火星)(页面不存在)">金星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F%E5%87%8C%E6%97%A5_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="水星凌日 (火星)">水星</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E7%A9%BF%E8%B6%8A%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="火星軌道穿越小行星">轨道穿越天体</a> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2007_WD5" title="2007 WD5">2007 WD<sub>5</sub></a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="火星特洛伊">特洛伊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E9%87%8C%E5%8D%A1%E6%98%9F" title="尤里卡星">尤里卡星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F101429" title="小行星101429">1998 VF<sub>31</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F121514" title="小行星121514">1999 UJ<sub>7</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F311999" title="小行星311999">2007 NS<sub>2</sub></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">彗星</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C/2013_A1" title="C/2013 A1">赛丁泉彗星</a>(2014年10月19日近距离接近火星)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">整体</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="火星轨道">轨道</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="火星探测">探测</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%9E%E8%B6%8A" title="火星飞越">飞越</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星轨道器列表">环绕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86" title="火星登陆">登陆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="火星车">火星车</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A8%A3%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%96%E5%9B%9E%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="火星樣本取回任務">采样返还</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="載人火星任務">载人任务</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AE%9A%E5%B1%85%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="火星定居任務">火星定居</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="火星殖民">火星移民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96" title="火星地球化">火星地球化</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:火星航天器(页面不存在)">任务</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星探测任务列表">火星探测任务列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:">倡议</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星项目(页面不存在)">火星项目</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="火星计划">火星计划</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%8A%B1%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E4%BC%9A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="激励火星基金会(页面不存在)">激励火星基金会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="火星學會">火星学会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="火星学院">火星学院</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%AB%9E%E8%B5%9B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星竞赛(页面不存在)">火星竞赛</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其它</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星人造物体列表">火星上的人造物体</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%96%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="地外纪念物列表(页面不存在)">火星纪念物</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="小说中的火星(页面不存在)">小说</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BB%A5%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E6%99%AF%E7%9A%84%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="以火星为背景的电影(页面不存在)">以火星为背景的电影</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA" title="火星人">火星人</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星科学家(页面不存在)">火星科学家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" title="玛尔斯">神话</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E8%AF%B4%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80%E5%92%8C%E7%81%AB%E5%8D%AB%E4%BA%8C&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="小说中的火卫一和火卫二(页面不存在)">小说中的火卫一和火卫二</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%97" title="火星旗">火星旗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="火星生命">火星生命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="次地球">次地球</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%99%82" title="火星時">火星时</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%97%A5" title="火星日">火星日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E5%A3%AB%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9B%86" title="大流士火星曆">大流士火星历</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Category:火星">分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="Portal:火星">主題</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mars" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mars">共享资源</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="专题"><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" title="WikiProject:火星">专题</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="火星地理和地质" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="Template:火星地理"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="Template talk:火星地理"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:火星地理"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="火星地理和地质" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">火星</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="火星地理">地理</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="火星地質">地质</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="地图" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">地图</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">区域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%A6%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿瓦洛斯沙丘群">阿瓦洛斯沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E5%86%AC%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿斯普勒冬沙丘群">阿斯普勒冬沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%8F%B0%E5%9C%B0_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="阿拉伯台地 (火星)">阿拉伯台地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E8%80%B3%E6%9F%8F%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="刻耳柏洛斯平原">刻耳柏洛斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%80" title="塞東尼亞區">塞东尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%B9%96" class="mw-redirect" title="埃里达尼亚湖">埃里达尼亚湖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E5%8C%97%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="极北沙丘群">许珀玻瑞亚沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E5%8F%A4%E9%9D%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="俄古革斯沙丘群">俄古革斯沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="奥林比亚沙丘地"> 奥林比亚沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="南極高原 (火星)">南极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="北極高原">北极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星区域列表">方格区</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%BA%BF%E6%B9%BE" title="子午线湾">子午线湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%A1%BF%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="西顿沙丘群">西顿沙丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%95%E6%AF%94%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="滕比高地">滕比高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="辛梅利亞高地">辛梅利亚高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E5%B7%B4%E9%AB%98%E5%9C%B0" title="示巴高地">示巴高地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="塔爾西斯">塔尔西斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="北方大平原">北方大平原</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星区域列表">方格</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E4%BF%84%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="埃俄利斯区">埃俄利斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E5%AD%99%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="亚马孙区 (火星)">亚马逊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%92%99%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="阿蒙蒂斯区">阿蒙蒂斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%B9%E6%A0%BC%E5%8C%BA" title="阿拉伯方格区">阿拉伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%8D%A1%E7%8B%84%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="阿耳卡狄亚区">阿耳卡狄亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%8F%A4%E7%91%9E%E5%8C%BA" title="阿耳古瑞区">阿耳古瑞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="卡西乌斯区">卡西乌斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E5%B8%83%E5%A3%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="刻布壬尼亚区">刻布壬尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%89%8C%E5%A1%94%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="科普剌塔斯区">科普剌塔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E9%98%BF%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="迪阿克里亚区">狄阿克里亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82%E5%8C%BA" title="埃律西昂区">埃律西昂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%88%A9%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="艾利达尼亚区">埃里达尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%8C%BA" title="希腊区">希腊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%BA%87%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="雅庇吉亚区">雅庇吉亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%A2%A8%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%BA" title="伊斯墨纽斯湖区">伊斯墨诺斯湖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E5%A8%9C%E6%B2%BC%E5%8C%BA" title="卢娜沼区">月沼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%BE%BE%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA" title="阿西达里亚海区">阿西达里亚海</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="南海区 (火星)">南海(南极)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA" title="北海区">北海(北极)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%8B%92%E5%B0%BC%E5%AE%89%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA" title="第勒尼安海区">第勒尼安海</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E7%8F%A0%E6%B9%BE%E5%8C%BA" title="珍珠湾区">珍珠湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%86%9C%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="门农尼亚区">门农尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="挪亚区">挪亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%A4%8F%E6%B2%BC%E5%8C%BA" title="奥克夏沼区">欧克西亚沼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8E%84%E5%90%8C%E5%8C%BA" title="法厄同区">法厄同</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%BA" title="凤凰湖区">凤凰湖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BA%E5%B7%B4%E6%B9%BE%E5%8C%BA" title="示巴湾区">示巴湾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="大瑟提斯区">大瑟提斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%8C%BA" title="塔尔西斯区">塔尔西斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%8E%9B%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA" title="陶玛西亚区">陶玛西亚</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="地质" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA" title="火星地質">地质</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="火星的表面特征">表面特征</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%91%E7%BA%B9%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="脑纹地形">脑纹地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A2%B3%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="火星碳酸盐">碳酸盐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="火星混沌地形">混沌地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2" title="火星表面颜色">颜色</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%88%90%E5%88%86" title="火星成分">成分</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E5%BF%83%E5%9D%91%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="同心坑沉积">同心坑沉积</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9A%97%E5%9D%A1%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%B9" title="暗坡条纹">暗坡条纹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%88%86%E7%95%8C" title="火星分界">分界</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%A4%96%E7%9A%84%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#火星" title="地球外的沙丘地列表">沙丘场</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%91%9B%E5%B0%94%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%BA" title="哈葛尔沙丘场">哈葛尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BD%97%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3%E6%B2%99%E4%B8%98%E5%9C%BA" title="尼罗火山口沙丘场">尼罗火山口</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%90%E8%9A%80%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="锐蚀地形">锐蚀地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%97%B4%E6%AD%87%E6%B3%89" title="火星间歇泉">间歇泉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="冰川 (火星)">冰川</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="火星的地下水">地下水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%86%B2%E6%B2%9F" title="火星冲沟">冲沟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%92%E8%BD%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="倒轉地形">倒转地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B9%96%E6%B3%8A" title="火星湖泊">湖泊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%86%94%E5%B2%A9%E7%AE%A1" title="火星熔岩管">熔岩管</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%BF%E7%8A%B6%E8%B0%B7%E5%BA%95%E6%B2%89%E7%A7%AF" title="线状谷底沉积">线状谷底沉积</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E7%8A%B6%E5%B2%A9%E5%B1%91%E5%9D%A1" title="舌状岩屑坡">舌状岩屑坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="北極盆地">北极盆地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%81%87%E8%AF%B4" title="火星海洋假说">海洋假说</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9F%BF%E7%9F%B3%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="火星矿石资源">矿石资源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%A2%E5%87%BA%E6%B2%B3%E9%81%93" title="溢出河道">溢出河道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%86%A0" title="火星極冠">极冠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%BD%A2%E6%A8%A1%E5%85%B7%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%9D%91" title="环形模具陨石坑">环形模具坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%A0%B9%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E9%94%A5" title="无根火山锥">无根火山锥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%87%E5%BD%A2%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2" title="扇形地形">扇形地形</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9A%96%E5%9D%A1%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%AD%A3%E8%8A%82%E6%80%A7%E6%B5%81" title="火星暖坡上的季节性流">季节性流</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="火星土壤">土壤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E8%8E%93%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="蓝莓石">蓝莓石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2" title="火星表面">表面</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A3%AB%E5%B9%B2%E9%85%AA%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81" title="瑞士干酪特征">瑞士干酪特征</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%BD%A2%E8%BD%AF%E5%8C%96" title="地形软化">地形软化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%98_(%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA)" title="山丘 (行星地質)">火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E9%83%A8%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83" title="上部平原单元">平原上部单元</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E8%B0%B7%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="河谷系统">河谷系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%B4%E6%96%87" title="火星水文">水文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%85%E4%B8%B9%E5%9C%B0%E8%B2%8C" title="火星雅丹地貌">雅丹地貌</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E8%B4%A8%E5%8F%B2" title="火星地质史">地质史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="诺亚纪">诺亚纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%8F%80%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%BA%AA" title="赫斯珀里亚纪">赫斯珀里亚纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E9%A9%AC%E9%80%8A%E7%BA%AA" title="亚马逊纪">亚马逊纪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95" title="火星的火山活動">火山活动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A7%82%E6%B5%8B%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="火星观测历史">观测史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3" title="火星运河">运河</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BF%90%E6%B2%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星运河列表">列表</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%B5%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星反照率特徵列表">古典反照率特征</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星岩石列表">岩石观测</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇号漫游车</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%91%9F%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%9B%A0%E8%8E%B1%E7%89%B9%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="巴瑟斯特因莱特岩石">巴瑟斯特因莱特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%86%95%E5%B2%A9" title="加冕岩">加冕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%AC%E5%B2%A9" title="古尔本岩">古尔本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%A1%94%E5%B2%A9" title="霍塔岩">霍塔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%82%E8%80%B6%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87" title="杰克·马蒂耶维奇">杰克·马蒂耶维奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%85%8B%E5%B2%A9" title="林克岩">林克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%A2" title="石巢">石巢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%B7%A23%E5%8F%B7" title="石巢3号">石巢3号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B7%E8%92%82%E7%BA%B3%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="廷蒂纳岩石">廷蒂纳</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%B7%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%BA%E9%81%87%E5%8F%B7%E6%8E%A2%E8%AE%BF%E8%BF%87%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="勇气号和机遇号探访过的火星表面特征列表">机遇号漫游车</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E8%B7%B3%E5%B2%A9" title="弹跳岩">弹跳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8B%E9%95%BF%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B2%A9" title="酋长火星岩">酋长</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%90%8E%E6%9C%BA%E4%BC%9A%E5%B2%A9" title="最后机会岩">最后机会</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E5%B1%85%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="旅居者號">旅居者号漫游车</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A4%E5%A3%B6%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="藤壶比尔岩石">藤壶比尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E7%9F%B3" title="瑜伽石">瑜伽石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%B7%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%BA%E9%81%87%E5%8F%B7%E6%8E%A2%E8%AE%BF%E8%BF%87%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="勇气号和机遇号探访过的火星表面特征列表">勇气号漫游车</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%AA%E6%9C%97%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%8B%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="阿迪朗达克岩石">阿迪朗达克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E5%9E%92%E5%B2%A9" title="本垒岩">本垒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8#视图" title="勇气号火星探测器">咪咪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A3%B6%E5%B2%A9" title="金壶岩">金壶</a></li></ul></li> <li>海盗号 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E5%A8%9C%E6%B2%BC%E5%8C%BA#海盗1号任务的成果" title="卢娜沼区">大乔</a></li></ul></li> <li>其它 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%80" title="塞東尼亞區">人脸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B7%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="火星巨石">巨石</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B2%A9%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星岩石列表">火星上发现的陨石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E5%B2%9B%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="布洛克岛陨石">布洛克岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%94%E7%86%B1%E7%BD%A9%E5%B2%A9" title="隔熱罩岩">热盾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%BA%E5%B2%9B%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="麦基诺岛陨石">麦基诺岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%94%E7%86%B1%E7%BD%A9%E5%B2%A9" title="隔熱罩岩">子午线高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%B2%9B%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="红岛陨石">红岛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E5%B2%9B%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="谢尔特岛陨石">谢尔特岛</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="火星隕石">地球上的火星陨石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E7%A0%BE%E5%B2%A9" title="角砾岩">玄武质角砾岩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="沙西尼陨石">沙西尼陨石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3" title="奈克拉陨石">奈克拉陨石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="火星隕石">休格地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="火星隕石">其他</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%99%A8%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星陨石列表">列表</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="地形" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">地形</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星山脉列表">山脉</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95" title="火星的火山活動">火山</a><br /><div style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89%E9%AB%98%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星山脉高度列表">高度列表</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%BE%BE%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿西达利亚丘群">阿西达利亚丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%8B%94%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="亞拔山">亚拔山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%A5%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="安西瑞斯山">安西瑞斯山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E9%87%8C%E9%82%A3%E5%B1%B1" title="阿波里那山">阿波里那山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E9%98%BF%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿里阿德涅丘群">阿里阿德涅丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%A1%94%E6%99%AE%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%8F%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿斯塔普斯小丘群">阿斯塔普斯丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="奥索尼亚山脉">奥索尼亚山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BD%9B%E7%BA%B3%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="阿佛纳斯丘群">阿佛纳斯丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B8%83%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98" title="比布利斯丘">比布利斯火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%BA%BA%E9%A6%AC%E5%B1%B1" title="半人馬山">半人马山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E7%91%9E%E9%A8%B0%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="查瑞騰山脈">查瑞腾山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%A7%91%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" class="mw-redirect" title="厄科山脉">厄科山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8D%80" title="埃律西昂火山區">埃律西昂</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82%E5%B1%B1" title="埃律西昂山">埃律西昂山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E4%BC%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="歐伯山">欧伯火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="赫卡特斯山">赫卡特斯火山丘</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%91%9E%E7%8E%BB%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="厄瑞玻斯山脉">厄瑞玻斯山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E6%8B%89%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="伽拉修斯山">伽拉修斯山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%A1%E5%B1%B1" title="哈德里亚卡山">哈德里亚卡山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="希腊山脉 (火星)">希腊山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98" title="朱维斯丘">朱维斯丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%B1%B1" title="利比亞山">利比亚山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="夏普山 (火星)">夏普山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E7%91%9E%E9%81%94%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%88" title="涅瑞達山脈">涅瑞达山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="奧林帕斯山 (火星)">奥林帕斯山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%8B%92%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%B1%B1" title="佛勒格拉山">佛勒格拉山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="大瑟提斯高原">大瑟提斯高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E5%A1%94%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98%E7%BE%A4" title="塔尔塔罗斯丘群">塔尔塔罗斯丘群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E8%80%B3%E5%A1%94%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="塔耳塔罗斯山脉">塔耳塔罗斯山脉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="塔尔西斯山群">塔尔西斯山群</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="艾斯克雷尔斯山">艾斯克雷尔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%BC%97%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="帕弗尼斯山">帕弗尼斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="阿尔西亚山">阿尔西亚</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%98" title="塔尔西斯丘">塔尔西斯火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E7%91%9E%E7%B4%8D%E5%B1%B1" title="泰瑞納山">泰瑞納山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%88%A9%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="尤利西斯山">尤利西斯火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="乌拉纽斯火山群">乌拉纽斯群</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="乌拉纽斯山">乌拉纽斯山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%80%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%B0%8F%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1" title="什洛尼爾斯小火山">刻拉俄尼斯火山丘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%BD%E6%96%AF%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%98" class="mw-redirect" title="乌拉纽斯火山丘">乌拉纽斯火山丘</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星平原列表">平原<br />高原</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%BE%BE%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="阿西达利亚平原">阿西达利亚平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%B2%BC" title="伊奧利亞沼">埃俄利斯沼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%9C%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="亞馬遜平原 (火星)">亚马逊平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%8D%A1%E7%8B%84%E4%BA%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="阿耳卡狄亚平原">阿耳卡狄亚平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%80%B3%E5%8F%A4%E7%91%9E%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="阿耳古瑞平原">阿耳古瑞平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%BE%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="克律塞平原">克律塞平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E8%BE%BE%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="代达利亚高原">代达利亚高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="埃律西昂平原">埃律西昂平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="埃里达尼亚平原">埃里达尼亚平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="希臘平原">希腊平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E7%8F%80%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="赫斯珀利亞高原">赫斯珀利亚高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="伊卡里亚高原">伊卡里亚高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="伊希斯平原">伊希斯平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E5%A8%9C%E6%B2%BC%E5%8C%BA" title="卢娜沼区">卢娜高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%88%E7%B7%9A%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="子午線高原">子午线高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="歐克西亞高原">欧克西亚高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="南極高原 (火星)">南极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="北極高原">北极高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%98%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="敘利亞高原 (火星)">叙利亚高原 (火星)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E9%AB%98%E5%8E%9F" title="大瑟提斯高原">大瑟提斯高原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%89%98%E9%82%A6%E5%B9%B3%E5%8E%9F" title="乌托邦平原">乌托邦平原</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%94%B8%E5%9B%AD%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3" title="伊甸园山口">伊甸火山口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E8%80%B3%E6%9E%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="俄耳枯斯火山口">俄耳枯斯火山口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E7%B4%90%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" title="佩紐斯山">佩纽斯火山口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%92%82%E4%B9%8C%E8%90%A8%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E5%8F%A3" title="皮蒂乌萨火山口">皮蒂乌萨火山口</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E8%B0%B7#火星" title="深谷">峡谷</a><br />河谷</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%80%AB%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="阿倫混沌">阿伦混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" title="阿尔西亚峡谷">阿尔西亚峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E7%89%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="阿罗马特姆混沌">阿罗马特姆混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="亞特蘭提斯混沌">亚特兰提斯混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E7%BE%85%E5%A7%86%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="歐羅姆混沌">欧罗姆混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E5%A4%9A%E8%80%B3%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="坎多耳峡谷">坎多耳峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="北極峽谷">北极峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E4%BE%86%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="科普來特斯峽谷">科普剌塔斯峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%A7%91%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="厄科峡谷">厄科峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E4%BF%84%E6%96%AF%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="厄俄斯混沌">厄俄斯混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E4%BF%84%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="厄俄斯峽谷">厄俄斯峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E5%8B%92%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="盖勒克西亚斯混沌">盖勒克西亚斯混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%86%E6%B2%B3%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="恆河峽谷 (火星)">恒河峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E8%80%B3%E8%B2%A2%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="戈耳貢混沌">戈耳贡混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="赫伯斯峽谷">赫柏峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%BE%BE%E6%96%AF%E7%9A%AE%E6%96%AF%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="海达斯皮斯混沌">海达斯皮斯混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%A5%A7%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="海德拉奧特斯混沌">海德拉奥特斯混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E5%B0%BC%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="亞尼混沌">亚尼混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B7%B7%E6%B2%8C" title="伊斯特混沌">伊斯特混沌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%83%8F%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="伊烏斯峽谷">伊乌斯峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E8%8A%AC%E5%A1%94%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="朱芬塔峽谷">朱文塔峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="米拉斯峽谷">梅拉斯峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E6%96%90%E5%B3%BD%E8%B0%B7" title="俄斐峽谷">俄斐峡谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%89%98%E8%AF%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="提托诺斯峡谷">提托诺斯峡谷</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%B0%B7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#河谷" title="火星谷地列表">河谷列表</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%99%AE%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="阿普苏斯谷">阿普苏斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%91%9E%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="阿瑞斯谷">阿瑞斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8A%AA%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="阿努斯谷">阿努斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%B4%A2%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="阿索波斯谷">阿索波斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%96%A9%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E8%B0%B7" title="阿薩巴斯卡谷">阿萨巴斯卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%A4%B8%E5%BA%AB%E8%B0%B7" title="安夸庫谷">安夸库</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E8%B0%B7" title="巴赫拉姆谷">巴赫拉姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%96%87%E8%BE%BE%E8%B0%B7" title="布文达谷">布文达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E8%B0%B7" title="道谷">道谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E5%B0%BC%E5%89%96%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="厄尼剖斯谷">厄尼剖斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E4%BC%A6%E6%89%98%E8%B0%B7" title="弗伦托谷">弗伦托</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E5%BA%93%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="格拉尼库斯谷">格拉尼库斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%B0%B7_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="綠谷 (火星)">绿谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%A6%AC%E5%A5%91%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="哈馬契斯谷">哈马契斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B8%83%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="赫布罗斯谷">赫布罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%A2%E5%B0%94%E8%B0%B7" title="赫德谢尔谷">赫德谢尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%B7" title="赫拉德谷">赫拉德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%B0%B7" title="火星谷">火星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%99%E5%B8%95%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%B8%E8%B0%B7" title="叙帕尼司谷">叙帕尼司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E9%B2%81%E8%B0%B7" title="伊伯鲁谷">伊伯鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%B0%B7" title="印度谷">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%9B%BE%E5%B8%8C%E8%B0%B7" title="伊图希谷">伊图希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%9E%E8%B0%B7" title="卡塞谷">卡塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83%E8%B0%B7" title="拉布谷">拉布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%86%AC%E8%B0%B7" title="拉冬谷">拉冬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%8A%E7%91%9F%E8%B0%B7" title="萊瑟谷">利希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E5%BA%93%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="利库斯谷">利库斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="卢罗斯谷">卢罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%B8%81%E8%B0%B7" title="馬丁谷">马丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%B7" title="马德谷">马德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%81%E4%BA%9E%E8%B0%B7" title="邁亞谷">迈亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%A2%A8%E8%80%B3%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="马墨耳斯谷">马墨耳斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%B0%B7" title="曼格拉谷">曼加拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B%E8%99%9F%E8%B0%B7" title="水手號谷">水手谷</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9D%A1%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星坡地列表">坡地</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%88%BE%E6%8F%90%E8%B0%B7" title="馬爾提谷">马尔提</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%82%E7%B1%B3%E8%B0%B7" title="茂米谷">茂米</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="馬沃斯谷">马沃斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A7%E8%B0%B7" title="米尼奧谷">米尼奥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E4%B8%9C%E8%B0%B7" title="洛东谷">洛东</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E5%85%A7%E8%BF%AA%E8%B0%B7" title="納內迪谷">纳内迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E8%B0%B7" title="尼日谷">尼日</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%E6%A0%BC%E8%B0%B7" title="尼爾格谷">尼尔格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%BE%B7%E7%B5%B2%E8%B0%B7" title="帕德絲谷">帕德丝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E9%82%A3%E8%B0%B7" title="巴拉那谷">巴拉那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E5%A1%94%E6%99%AE%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E8%B0%B7" title="帕塔普斯科谷">帕塔普斯科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="皮斯谷">皮斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%A8%81%E8%B0%B7" title="瑞威谷">瑞威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%AD%E8%B0%B7" title="拉維谷">拉维</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E7%88%BE%E8%B0%B7" title="魯爾谷">鲁尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%AF%94%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="薩比斯谷">萨比斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E7%BA%B3%E8%B0%B7" title="萨布里纳谷">萨布里纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E8%B0%B7" title="萨马拉谷">萨马拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="斯卡曼德洛斯谷">斯卡曼德洛斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%94%E5%B7%B4%E5%A1%94%E7%BA%B3%E8%B0%B7" title="沙尔巴塔纳谷">沙尔巴塔纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%A9%86%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%B7" title="西穆德谷">西穆德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89%E8%B0%B7" title="斯图拉谷">斯图拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%BE%B7%E8%B0%B7" title="塔德谷">塔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E8%B0%B7" title="提尼亞谷">提尼亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B7%E6%9C%AD%E8%B0%B7" title="廷札谷">廷札</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E7%88%BE%E8%B0%B7" title="提爾谷">提尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E8%B0%B7" title="第拉斯谷">第拉斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%B9%E5%8D%9A%E4%BC%8A%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="乌兹博伊谷">乌兹波伊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E9%92%B5-%E6%8B%89%E5%86%AC-%E6%91%A9%E6%8B%89%E7%93%A6%E8%B0%B7" title="乌斯钵-拉冬-摩拉瓦谷">ULM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%8B%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E8%B0%B7" title="韋德拉谷">韦德拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%BE%97%E8%B0%B7" title="佛得谷">佛得</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E9%87%8C%E6%88%88%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="沃里戈谷">沃里戈</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F" title="堑沟">堑沟</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E9%A1%B6%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="平顶山">桌山</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B3%AD%E5%A3%81" title="峭壁">峭壁</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E9%AB%94%E7%B3%BB%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="行星體系命名法">迷宫</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%92%99%E8%92%82%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="阿蒙蒂斯堑沟群">阿蒙蒂斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%BC%E4%BF%84%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="刻拉尼俄斯槽沟群">刻拉尼俄斯槽沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E6%9F%8F%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="科柏洛斯槽溝">科柏洛斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%8B%92%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="科勒槽溝">科勒堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E9%98%BF%E6%B6%85%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="库阿涅堑沟群">库阿涅堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%8B%E8%A5%BF%E6%98%82%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="埃律西昂堑沟群">埃律西昂堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%B7%AE%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="赫淮斯托斯槽溝">赫淮斯托斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%8D%A1%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="伊卡里亚堑沟群">伊卡里亚堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%B2%9D%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="拉貝阿提斯槽溝">拉贝阿提斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="曼加拉堑沟群">曼加拉堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E8%8E%B1%E5%A5%A5%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="玛莱奥提斯堑沟群">玛莱奥提斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E6%9D%9C%E8%8E%8E%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D%E5%B1%A4" title="梅杜莎槽溝層">梅杜莎堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E5%86%9C%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA#火星堑沟群" title="门农尼亚区">门农尼亚区堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%88%A9%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="尼利槽溝">尼利堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="奥林波斯槽沟群">奥林匹亚堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E8%92%82%E6%A7%BD%E6%BA%9D" title="奧蒂槽溝">奥蒂堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%A3%AC%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="塞壬堑沟群">塞壬堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E5%A1%94%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%A7%BD%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="坦塔罗斯槽沟群">坦塔罗斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%95%E6%AF%94%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="滕比堑沟群">滕比堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%89%98%E8%AF%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="提托诺斯峡谷">提托诺斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BE%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="特拉克图堑沟群">特拉克图堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%88%A9%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%91%E6%B2%9F%E7%BE%A4" title="尤利西斯堑沟群">尤利西斯堑沟群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%A5%A7%E5%88%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="艾奧利斯桌山群">埃俄利斯桌山群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="奥索尼亚桌山">奥索尼亚桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="卡普里桌山">卡普里桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%8D%80" title="塞東尼亞區">塞东尼亚桌山群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%BD%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E5%B0%BC%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="都特罗尼勒斯桌山群">都特罗尼勒斯桌山群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%9F%8F%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="赫柏桌山">赫柏桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%B2%B3%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="恒河桌山">恒河桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BE%85%E7%91%9F%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="尼羅瑟提斯桌山群">尼罗瑟提斯桌山群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97%E6%95%A6%E5%B0%BC%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1%E7%BE%A4" title="普罗敦尼勒斯桌山群">普罗敦尼勒斯桌山群</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E6%A1%8C%E5%B1%B1" title="萨克拉桌山">萨克拉桌山</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E9%87%8C%E5%A1%94%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%AD%E5%A3%81" title="克拉里塔斯峭壁">克拉里塔斯峭壁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%BD%97%E8%A7%92%E6%96%AD%E5%B4%96" title="尼罗角断崖">尼罗角断崖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%AD%E5%A3%81" title="奥林帕斯峭壁">奥林帕斯峭壁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E7%BA%BD%E4%BE%9D%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%AD%E5%A3%81" title="特纽依斯峭壁">特纽依斯峭壁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E9%83%BD%E8%BF%B7%E5%AE%AB" title="安古斯都迷宫">安古斯都迷宫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E5%85%8B%E6%8F%90%E6%96%AF%E8%BF%B7%E5%AE%AE" title="諾克提斯迷宮">诺克提斯迷宫</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88%E5%9D%91" title="鏈坑">链坑</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="火星撞擊坑">陨击坑</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8F%90%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E9%93%BE%E5%9D%91" title="阿提尼亚链坑">阿提尼亚链坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E6%89%98%E8%AF%BA%E6%96%AF%E5%B3%A1%E8%B0%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="提托诺斯峡谷">提托尼亚链坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%9B%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%91%E9%93%BE" title="特拉克图斯坑链">特拉克图斯链坑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%BD%93%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="亚当斯陨击坑">亚当斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8A%A0%E8%A5%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿加西陨击坑">阿加西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E9%87%8C%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="艾里撞擊坑 (火星)">艾里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E9%87%8C-0" title="艾里-0">艾里-0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%8B%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿尼亚克撞击坑">阿尼亚克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E7%AC%AC%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="安東尼亞第撞擊坑 (火星)">安东尼亚第</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B0%E6%96%AF%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="亚兰斯撞击坑">亚兰斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%88%88%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿尔戈陨击坑">阿尔戈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%B1%89%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿尔汉格尔斯基撞击坑">阿尔汉格尔斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%A6%E5%B0%BC%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿伦尼乌斯陨击坑">阿伦尼乌斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%A5%BF%E8%8E%AB%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="阿西莫夫撞击坑">阿西莫夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%A7%91%E6%B4%9B%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="巴科洛爾撞擊坑">巴科洛尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%85%8B%E8%B5%AB%E4%BC%8A%E6%A3%AE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="巴克赫伊森陨击坑">巴克赫伊森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%E4%BB%A3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="巴尔代陨击坑">巴尔代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BD%97%E7%9A%84%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="波罗的斯克陨击坑">波罗的斯克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%AD%E8%B4%9D%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="班贝格陨击坑">班贝格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4%E7%BB%8D%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="巴拉巴绍夫陨击坑">巴拉巴绍夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E7%B4%8D%E5%BE%B7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="巴納德撞擊坑">巴纳德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%8D%B5%E7%8A%AC%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="小獵犬撞擊坑">小猎犬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%9D%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%92%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="貝克勒撞擊坑 (火星)">贝克勒尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="比尔撞击坑">比尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="贝尔兹陨击坑">贝尔兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%BA%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="贝尔纳陨击坑">贝尔纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%AE%89%E5%9F%BA%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="比安基尼陨击坑">比安基尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E8%BF%AA%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="伯迪克陨击坑">伯迪克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="博克陨击坑">博克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E5%BE%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="邦德陨击坑">邦德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%B3%B0%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="博恩斯泰尔陨击坑">博内斯特尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%A6%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="邦納維爾撞擊坑">邦纳维尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="布拉希尔陨击坑">布拉希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="布里奥特陨击坑">布里奥特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="巴勒斯陨击坑">巴勒斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E9%A1%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="伯顿陨击坑">伯顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="坎贝尔陨击坑">坎贝尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%8E%E7%B4%A2%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="坎索陨击坑">坎索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%BC%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="卡西尼撞擊坑 (火星)">卡西尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B8%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="卡希亚斯陨击坑">卡希亚斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%87%E9%B2%81%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="切鲁利陨击坑">切鲁利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E8%B4%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="查费陨击坑">查费</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E4%BD%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="沙佩陨击坑">沙佩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A6%E7%A7%91%E8%92%82%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="钦科蒂格陨击坑">钦科蒂格</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%BE%8B%E5%A1%9E%E5%A4%96%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA" title="克律塞外星人">克律塞外星人</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克拉克陨击坑">克拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E8%8C%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="柯布伦茨陨击坑">柯布伦茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E5%B8%83%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="哥倫布撞擊坑">哥伦布</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%99%BD%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哥白尼陨击坑">哥白尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%B0%94%E6%AF%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="科尔比陨击坑">科尔比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%B2%81%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克鲁陨击坑">克鲁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E8%8F%B2%E8%8C%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克里菲茨陨击坑">克里菲茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%A7%86%E6%9E%97%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克罗姆林陨击坑">克罗姆林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%B2%81%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克鲁尔斯陨击坑">克鲁尔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E9%87%8C%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="居里陨击坑">居里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E8%8A%AC%E5%A5%87%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="达芬奇陨击坑">达芬奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E6%A3%AE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="丹尼尔森陨击坑">丹尼尔森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="达尔文陨击坑">达尔文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="戴维斯陨击坑">戴维斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="道斯陨击坑">道斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B0%E6%97%A5%E5%B0%BC%E5%A5%A5%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="杰日尼奥夫陨击坑">杰日尼奥夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%AF%A7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="丹寧撞擊坑">丹宁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="迪利陨击坑">迪利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E8%AF%BA%E5%A8%81%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="迪诺威克陨击坑">迪诺威克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="道格拉斯陨击坑">道格拉斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E7%BE%85%E6%91%A9%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="德羅摩爾撞擊坑">德罗摩尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%AA%E9%A9%AC%E7%89%B9%E9%9B%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="迪马特雷陨击坑">迪马特雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="伊格尔陨击坑">伊格尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B7%B9%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="鷹撞擊坑">鹰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%93%A6%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="埃伯斯瓦爾德撞擊坑">埃伯斯瓦尔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E8%BF%AA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="埃迪陨击坑">埃迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E6%9D%BE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="埃里克松陨击坑">埃里克松</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%91%AA%E8%BF%AA%E5%AE%89%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="艾瑪迪安撞擊坑">艾玛·迪安</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%AE%E9%AC%A5%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="奮鬥撞擊坑">奋斗</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%92%82%E8%80%B6%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%E5%B1%B1%E4%B8%98" title="马蒂耶维奇山丘">马蒂耶维奇山丘</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A0%85%E5%BF%8D%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="堅忍撞擊坑">坚忍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%91%9E%E7%8E%BB%E6%96%AF%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="厄瑞玻斯撞擊坑">厄瑞玻斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E5%85%B0%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="埃斯卡兰特陨击坑">埃斯卡兰特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%8B%E7%B4%A2%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="欧多克索斯陨击坑">欧多克索斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%BA%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="费纳陨击坑">费纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E5%85%88%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="费先科夫陨击坑">费先科夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%B0%94%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="菲尔索夫陨击坑">菲尔索夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E7%BF%81%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="弗拉马里翁陨击坑">弗拉马里翁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E7%83%AD%E5%B0%94%E6%A0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="弗洛热尔格陨击坑">弗洛热尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%8D%A1%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="福卡陨击坑">福卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E5%A1%94%E7%BA%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="丰塔纳陨击坑">丰塔纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%B0%BC%E8%80%B6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="富尼耶陨击坑">富尼耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="弗拉姆撞擊坑">弗拉姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="自由陨击坑">自由</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%80%83%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="加尔达考陨击坑">加尔达考</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="蓋爾撞擊坑">盖尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BD%E5%8B%92%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="伽勒撞擊坑 (火星)">伽勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E5%B0%94%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="加尔尼陨击坑">加尔尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%90%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="加萨陨击坑">加萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="吉尔伯特陨击坑">吉尔伯特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="吉尔陨击坑">吉尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%8E%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="格莱德希尔陨击坑">格莱德希尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="戈尔德陨击坑">戈尔德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="格拉夫陨击坑">格拉夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="格林撞擊坑 (火星)">格林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="格林达维克陨击坑">格林达维克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="古瑟夫撞擊坑">古瑟夫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%851%E8%99%9F%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5" title="阿波羅1號丘陵">阿波罗1号丘陵</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%851%E8%99%9F%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5" title="阿波羅1號丘陵">查费</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%851%E8%99%9F%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5" title="阿波羅1號丘陵">格里森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%851%E8%99%9F%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5" title="阿波羅1號丘陵">怀特</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E4%BC%A6%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E4%B8%98%E9%99%B5" title="哥伦比亚丘陵">哥伦比亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%B7%E6%A3%AE%E5%B1%B1" title="安德森山">安德森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%9C%97%E5%B1%B1" title="布朗山">布朗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%8B%89%E5%B1%B1" title="乔拉山">乔拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E5%B1%B1" title="克拉克山">克拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%96%AF%E6%9C%AC%E5%BE%B7%E5%B1%B1" title="赫斯本德山">赫斯本德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%B1%B1" title="麦库尔山">麦考尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%92%99%E5%B1%B1" title="拉蒙山">拉蒙</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%89%E7%9D%A1%E8%B0%B7" title="沉睡谷">沉睡谷</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哈德利陨击坑">哈德利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%B0%94%E4%B8%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="霍尔丹陨击坑">霍尔丹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="黑尔陨击坑">黑尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%9B%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哈雷陨击坑">哈雷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哈格雷夫斯陨击坑">哈格雷夫斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E7%89%B9%E7%BB%B4%E5%B8%8C%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哈特维希陨击坑">哈特维希</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A5%E7%BB%B4%E8%B5%9B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="亥维赛陨击坑">亥维赛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%A7%86%E9%81%94%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="海姆達爾撞擊坑 (火星)">海姆达尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%A0%E8%8E%B1%E5%9B%A0%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="海因莱因陨击坑">海因莱因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A5%E5%A7%86%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="亥姆霍兹陨击坑">亥姆霍兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="亨利撞擊坑 (火星)">亨利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="赫歇尔撞击坑 (火星)">赫歇尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E5%B7%B4%E8%B0%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="依巴谷陨击坑">依巴谷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E9%A0%93%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="霍頓撞擊坑">霍顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="霍姆斯陨击坑">霍姆斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="胡克陨击坑">胡克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="哈金斯陨击坑">哈金斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E8%A5%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="赫西陨击坑">赫西</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%A1%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="赫顿陨击坑">赫顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E8%83%A5%E9%BB%8E%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="赫胥黎陨击坑">赫胥黎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="惠更斯陨击坑">惠更斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A5%96%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="亚祖陨击坑">亚祖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%B7%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%8E%AB%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="伊巴基莫夫撞擊坑 (火星)">易卜拉欣莫夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E7%BA%BD%E7%BB%B4%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="因纽维克陨击坑">因纽维克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A9%E6%A1%91%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="让桑陨击坑">让桑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E9%87%8C-%E5%BE%B7%E6%B4%9B%E7%83%AD%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="雅里-德洛热陨击坑">雅里-德洛热</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="金斯陨击坑">金斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B6%E6%BE%A4%E7%BE%85%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="耶澤羅撞擊坑">耶泽罗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%91%E6%9C%AD%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="傑札撞擊坑">杰札</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="乔利陨击坑">乔利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%BC%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="琼斯陨击坑">琼斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%92%92%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="凱撒撞擊坑">凯撒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%8B%92%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="基勒陨击坑">基勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%9C%E5%8B%92%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="克卜勒撞擊坑 (火星)">开普勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%A7%91%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="金科拉陨击坑">金科拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9A%AE%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="基皮尼陨击坑">基皮尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="克诺贝尔陨击坑">克诺贝尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%8A%A0%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="科加陨击坑">科加</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E7%BE%85%E5%BB%96%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="科羅廖夫撞擊坑 (火星)">科罗廖夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E5%A4%AB%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="库夫拉陨击坑">库夫拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="柯伊伯撞击坑 (火星)">柯伊伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%93%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="库诺夫斯基撞击坑">库诺夫斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="朗伯陨击坑">朗伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="拉蒙特陨击坑">拉蒙特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%E5%85%B0%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="拉普兰陨击坑">拉普兰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%9E%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="拉塞尔陨击坑">拉塞尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="劳陨击坑">劳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E5%A8%81%E8%80%B6%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="勒威耶撞击坑">勒威耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%A2%B5%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="李梵陨击坑">李梵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E8%89%BE%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="利艾斯陨击坑">利艾斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="里皮克撞擊坑">利皮克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%AD%86%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="刘歆陨击坑">刘歆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="利亚内斯科陨击坑">利亚内斯科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%85%8B%E8%80%B6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="洛克耶陨击坑">洛克耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%B7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="盧德撞擊坑">卢德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E6%B3%BD%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="洛泽陨击坑">洛泽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%92%99%E8%AB%BE%E7%B4%A2%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="羅蒙諾索夫撞擊坑 (火星)">罗蒙诺索夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%B3%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="劳斯陨击坑">劳斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E5%8E%84%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="洛厄尔陨击坑">洛厄尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%B1%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="莱尔陨击坑">莱尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%A5%A7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="李奧撞擊坑">李奥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%92%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="马德勒撞击坑">马德勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E4%BC%A6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="麦哲伦陨击坑">麦哲伦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%90%89%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="马吉尼陨击坑">马吉尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%81%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="曼恩陨击坑">曼恩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%9D%9C%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="曼杜拉陨击坑">曼杜拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E8%BF%AA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="马拉尔迪陨击坑">马拉尔迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="水手陨击坑">水手</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="马斯陨击坑">马斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%8C%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="马茨陨击坑">马茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%91%9F%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="馬瑟斯基撞擊坑">马瑟斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%BE%B7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="蒙德撞擊坑">蒙德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E5%8B%9E%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="麥克勞克林撞擊坑">麦克劳克林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%85%8B%E9%BB%98%E5%A4%9A%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="麥克默多撞擊坑">麦克默多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E4%BB%80%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="梅利什陨击坑">梅利什</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="孟德尔陨击坑">孟德尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%B0%8F%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="米氏陨击坑">米氏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E8%98%AD%E7%A7%91%E7%B6%AD%E5%A5%87%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="米蘭科維奇撞擊坑 (火星)">米兰科维奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%8D%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="米约绍陨击坑">米约绍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="米切尔陨击坑">米切尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%AE%E6%9C%AC%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="宮本撞擊坑">宫本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E9%9C%8D%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="莫霍克陨击坑">莫霍克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%93%88%E9%9F%A6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="莫哈韦陨击坑">莫哈韦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%83%E6%80%9D%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="莫尔斯沃思陨击坑">莫尔斯沃思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E7%89%B9%E7%93%A6%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="蒙特瓦洛陨击坑">蒙特瓦洛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E7%BE%85%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="莫羅撞擊坑">莫罗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E5%8B%92%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="穆勒陨击坑">穆勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%A3%AE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="南森陨击坑">南森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%B7%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%BA%E9%81%87%E5%8F%B7%E6%8E%A2%E8%AE%BF%E8%BF%87%E7%9A%84%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%89%B9%E5%BE%81#机遇号" class="mw-redirect" title="勇气号和机遇号探访过的火星表面特征">涅柔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%9B%E9%A0%93%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="牛頓撞擊坑 (火星)">牛顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="尼尔陨击坑">尼尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%E6%A3%AE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="尼克爾森撞擊坑 (火星)">尼科尔森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%96%AF%E6%BB%95%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="尼斯滕陨击坑">尼斯滕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%9A%AE%E8%B4%A1%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="尼皮贡陨击坑">尼皮贡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%84%82%E5%AB%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="鄂嫩陨击坑">鄂嫩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="奥森·威尔斯撞击坑">奥森·威尔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%BE%B7%E6%9B%BC%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="奥德曼斯陨击坑">奥德曼斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%8B%89%E7%BA%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="帕拉纳陨击坑">帕拉纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9E%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%87%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="庞波切陨击坑">庞波切</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%BE%B7%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="巴斯德撞擊坑 (火星)">巴斯德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E8%92%82%E5%85%8B%E9%A1%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="彭蒂克顿陨击坑">彭蒂克顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E7%BD%97%E5%9D%A6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佩罗坦陨击坑">佩罗坦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E5%88%97%E4%BD%A9%E5%B0%94%E9%87%91%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佩列佩尔金陨击坑">佩列佩尔金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C%E8%BF%AA%E8%80%B6%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佩里迪耶陨击坑">佩里迪耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%9A%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佩尔斯博陨击坑">佩尔斯博</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E8%92%82%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佩蒂特陨击坑">佩蒂特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%88%A9%E6%99%AE%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="菲利普斯陨击坑">菲利普斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="皮克林陨击坑">皮克林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E8%8E%B1%E8%B4%B9%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="普莱费尔陨击坑">普莱费尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="波拉克撞擊坑">波拉克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%A6%E9%82%A3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="浦那陨击坑">浦那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="波特陨击坑">波特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="波斯陨击坑">波斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="普里斯特利陨击坑">普里斯特利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97%E5%85%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="普罗克特陨击坑">普罗克特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="托勒密撞擊坑 (火星)">托勒密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AC%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="蓬斯克陨击坑">蓬斯克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%AF%E5%B0%BC%E5%A1%9E%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="凯尼塞陨击坑">凯尼塞</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E8%B2%9D%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="拉貝撞擊坑">拉贝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%81%93%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="拉道陨击坑">拉道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%8E%84%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="拉厄陨击坑">拉厄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%88%A9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="瑞利陨击坑">瑞利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E8%BF%AA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="雷迪陨击坑">雷迪</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%92%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%9A%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="勒诺多陨击坑">勒诺多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E4%BC%8A%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="鲁伊尔陨击坑">鲁伊尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E8%AF%BA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="雷诺陨击坑">雷诺兹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E6%9F%A5%E5%AD%99%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="里查孙陨击坑">里查孙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%87%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="里奇陨击坑">里奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="罗伯特·夏普陨击坑">罗伯特·夏普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E7%99%BB%E4%BC%AF%E9%87%8C%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="罗登伯里陨击坑">罗登伯里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="罗斯陨击坑">罗斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E6%AF%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="罗斯比陨击坑">罗斯比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%95%E5%A4%9A%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="吕多陨击坑">吕多</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%B4%A0%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="羅素撞擊坑">罗素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A2%E7%91%9F%E7%A6%8F%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="卢瑟福陨击坑">卢瑟福</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E6%A0%B9%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="薩根撞擊坑">萨根</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E4%BC%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="佐伯陨击坑">佐伯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E7%91%AA%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="聖瑪利亞撞擊坑">圣玛利亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8D%E8%B4%9D%E5%8B%92%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="舍贝勒陨击坑">舍贝勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%95%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%A9%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="斯基亞帕雷利撞擊坑 (火星)">斯基亚帕雷利</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E5%AF%86%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="施密特陨击坑">施密特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%A5%87%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="塞奇陨击坑">塞奇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%A2%85%E9%87%91%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="謝梅金撞擊坑">谢梅金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E7%BD%97%E8%AF%BA%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="沙罗诺夫陨击坑">沙罗诺夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%97%E5%B7%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="诗巫陨击坑">诗巫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E9%A1%BF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="辛顿陨击坑">辛顿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%A1%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="锡特卡陨击坑">锡特卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B%E6%B2%83%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%AB%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯克沃多夫斯卡陨击坑">斯克沃多夫斯卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%BC%97%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯里弗陨击坑">斯里弗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="史密斯陨击坑">史密斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E6%80%9D%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="索思陨击坑">索思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%95%E5%85%B0%E6%89%8E%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯帕兰扎尼陨击坑">斯帕兰扎尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯里普尔陨击坑">斯里普尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%AF%BA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯坦诺陨击坑">斯坦诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯托克斯陨击坑">斯托克斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%B0%BC%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="斯托尼陨击坑">斯托尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="修斯陨击坑">修斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%BF%97%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="苏志陨击坑">苏志</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94%E8%8B%8F%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="塔尔苏斯陨击坑">塔尔苏斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%B3%B0%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="泰泰陨击坑">泰泰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%A1%9E%E6%9C%97%C2%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="泰塞朗·德博特陨击坑">泰塞朗·德博特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AF%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特比陨击坑">特比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="西拉陨击坑">西拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E6%8B%89%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="锡拉陨击坑">锡拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%B4%AA%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%83%E5%A4%AB%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="吉洪拉沃夫撞擊坑">吉洪拉沃夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A3%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="季霍夫陨击坑">季霍夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E5%B8%83%E5%9B%BE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="通布图陨击坑">通布图</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A4%E5%8D%9A%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="汤博陨击坑">汤博</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E4%B8%81%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="杜丁撞擊坑">杜丁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%B2%81%E5%A4%AB%E6%B4%9B%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特鲁夫洛撞击坑">特鲁夫洛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特洛伊陨击坑">特洛伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E9%B2%81%E5%BE%B7%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特鲁德陨击坑">特鲁德</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97%E6%99%AE%E5%8B%92%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特朗普勒陨击坑">特朗普勒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%8A%A0%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="特加斯基陨击坑">特加斯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E8%B0%B7%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E8%B5%AB%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="第谷·布拉赫撞击坑">第谷·布拉赫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B7%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="廷德尔陨击坑">廷德尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E8%B4%BE%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="乌贾陨击坑">乌贾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E8%AB%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="維爾諾撞擊坑">维尔诺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E9%87%8C%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维里陨击坑">维里</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="維多利亞撞擊坑">维多利亚</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="維多利亞撞擊坑">佛得角</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E8%AF%BA%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%9A%E5%A4%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维诺格拉多夫陨击坑">维诺格拉多夫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E8%AF%BA%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%8C%A8%E5%9F%BA%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维诺格拉茨基陨击坑">维诺格拉茨基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维拉特陨击坑">维拉特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E4%BB%80%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E8%8C%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维什尼亚茨陨击坑">维什尼亚茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)" title="沃格尔陨击坑 (火星)">沃格尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E9%97%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="冯·卡门陨击坑">冯·卡门</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%85%8B%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="沃斯托克撞擊坑">沃斯托克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E8%8E%B1%E5%A3%AB%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="华莱士陨击坑">华莱士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%A0%BC%E7%BA%B3%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="魏格纳陨击坑">魏格纳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E9%B2%8D%E5%A7%86%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="温鲍姆陨击坑">温鲍姆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="威尔斯陨击坑">威尔斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="威廉斯陨击坑">威廉斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="温斯洛陨击坑">温斯洛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E8%8C%A8%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维尔茨陨击坑">维尔茨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E6%96%AF%E5%88%A9%E7%AD%96%E5%8A%AA%E6%96%AF%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="维斯利策努斯陨击坑">维斯利策努斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%96%E7%89%B9%E6%92%9E%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="赖特撞击坑">赖特</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E8%92%82%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="尤蒂陨击坑">尤蒂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E5%B7%B4%E9%99%A8%E5%87%BB%E5%9D%91" title="孙巴陨击坑">孙巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" title="祖尼爾撞擊坑">祖尼尔</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="火星探测任務" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Template:火星任務"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Template talk:火星任務"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:火星任務"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="火星探测任務" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="火星探测">火星探测</a>任務</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星探测任务列表">火星探测任务列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星轨道器列表">火星轨道器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E7%89%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星人造物体列表">火星人造物体列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">現役</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">軌道飛行器</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2001%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A5%A7%E5%BE%B7%E8%B3%BD%E8%99%9F" title="2001火星奧德賽號">2001火星奧德賽號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BF%AB%E8%BB%8A%E8%99%9F" title="火星快車號">火星快車號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BE%A6%E5%AF%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8" title="火星侦察轨道器">火星侦察轨道器</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星偵察軌道衛星時間軸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%81%B5%E5%AF%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%BB%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星偵察軌道衛星時間軸(页面不存在)">時間軸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAVEN" title="MAVEN">火星大氣及揮發物演化任務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BE%AE%E9%87%8F%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="火星微量氣體任務衛星">火星微量氣體任務衛星</a></li> <li>阿联酋<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="阿联酋希望号火星探测器">希望號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%97%AE%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="天问一号">天问一号</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="火星车">探測車</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%BD%E5%A5%87%E8%99%9F" title="好奇號">好奇號</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4" title="火星科学实验室">火星科学实验室</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C%E5%AE%A4%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="火星科学实验室任务年表">時間軸</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%85%E5%8A%9B%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="毅力号火星探测器">毅力號</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2020" title="火星2020">火星2020計畫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2020%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%BB%B8" title="火星2020時間軸">時間軸</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已退役</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%9E%E8%B6%8A" title="火星飞越">飛越</a>探測器</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>蘇聯<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1%E5%8F%B7" title="火星1号">火星1号</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B4%E8%99%9F" title="水手4號">水手4號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A82%E5%8F%B7" title="探测器2号">探测器2号</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水手6號及7號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mariner 6 and 7"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B6%E8%99%9F%E5%8F%8A7%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="水手6號及7號(页面不存在)">水手6號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_6_and_7" class="extiw" title="en:Mariner 6 and 7"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mariner 6 and 7</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水手6號及7號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mariner 6 and 7"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B6%E8%99%9F%E5%8F%8A7%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="水手6號及7號(页面不存在)">水手7號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_6_and_7" class="extiw" title="en:Mariner 6 and 7"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mariner 6 and 7</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F6%E8%99%9F" title="火星6號">火星6號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F7%E8%99%9F" title="火星7號">火星7號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%A1%9E%E5%A1%94%E8%99%9F" title="羅塞塔號">羅塞塔號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%99%E5%85%89%E8%99%9F" title="曙光號">曙光號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星立方一號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Cube One"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E4%B8%80%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星立方一號(页面不存在)">火星立方一號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Cube_One" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Cube One"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Cube One</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">軌道飛行器</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2%E5%8F%B7" title="火星2号">火星2号</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F3%E8%99%9F" title="火星3號">火星3號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B9%E8%99%9F" title="水手9號">水手9號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F4%E8%99%9F" title="火星4號">火星4號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F5%E8%99%9F" title="火星5號">火星5號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC%E5%8F%B7" title="維京号">維京計畫</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC1%E8%99%9F" title="維京1號">維京1號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC2%E8%99%9F" title="維京2號">維京2號</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火衛一計畫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phobos program"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火衛一計畫(页面不存在)">火衛一計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobos_program" class="extiw" title="en:Phobos program"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phobos program</span></a></span>)</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF1%E8%99%9F" title="弗伯斯1號">火衛一1號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%AF2%E8%99%9F" title="弗伯斯2號">火衛一2號</a><sup>†</sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="火星觀察者號">火星觀察者號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="火星全球探勘者號">火星全球探勘者號</a></li> <li>日本<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%9C%9B%E8%99%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8_(%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC)" title="希望號探測器 (日本)">希望號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="火星氣候探測者號">火星氣候探測者號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星軌道探測器(页面不存在)">火星軌道探測器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">著陸器</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2%E5%8F%B7" title="火星2号">火星2号</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F3%E8%99%9F" title="火星3號">火星3號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F6%E8%99%9F" title="火星6號">火星6號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F7%E8%99%9F" title="火星7號">火星7號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC1%E8%99%9F" title="維京1號">維京1號</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97%E5%8F%B7%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="海盗号着陆器生物探测实验">海盜號</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%AC2%E8%99%9F" title="維京2號">維京2號</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%97%E5%8F%B7%E7%9D%80%E9%99%86%E5%99%A8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%AE%9E%E9%AA%8C" title="海盗号着陆器生物探测实验">海盜號</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E8%B7%AF%E8%80%85" title="火星探路者">火星探路者號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A5%B5%E5%9C%B0%E8%91%97%E9%99%B8%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="火星極地著陸者號">火星極地著陸者號</a><sup>†</sup>/<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B1%E7%A9%BA2%E5%8F%B7" title="深空2号">深空2号</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%8D%B5%E7%8A%AC2%E8%99%9F" title="小獵犬2號">小獵犬2號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%A4%E5%87%B0%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="凤凰号火星探测器">鳳凰號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E%E5%B8%95%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%A9EDM%E7%99%BB%E9%99%B8%E5%99%A8" title="斯基亞帕雷利EDM登陸器">斯基亞帕雷利號</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E5%AF%9F%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="洞察号火星探测器">洞察號</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">探測車</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星通過性評估設備" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="PrOP-M"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%80%9A%E9%81%8E%E6%80%A7%E8%A9%95%E4%BC%B0%E8%A8%AD%E5%82%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星通過性評估設備(页面不存在)">火星通過性評估設備</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PrOP-M" class="extiw" title="en:PrOP-M"><span lang="en" dir="auto">PrOP-M</span></a></span>)</span></span><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%85%E5%B1%85%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F" title="旅居者號">旅居者號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E6%BC%AB%E6%B8%B8%E8%80%85" title="火星探测漫游者">火星探測漫遊者號</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%94%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="勇气号火星探测器">勇氣號</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="勇氣號時間軸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of Spirit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%87%E6%B0%A3%E8%99%9F%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%BB%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="勇氣號時間軸(页面不存在)">時間軸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Spirit" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of Spirit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of Spirit</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E9%81%87%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%BC%AB%E6%B8%B8%E8%BD%A6" title="机遇号火星漫游车">機會號</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="機會號時間軸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Timeline of Opportunity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%9C%83%E8%99%9F%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%BB%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="機會號時間軸(页面不存在)">時間軸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Opportunity" class="extiw" title="en:Timeline of Opportunity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Timeline of Opportunity</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%8F%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="祝融号火星车">祝融號</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA" title="火星飞机">航空器</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%99%BA%E5%8F%B7" title="机智号">机智号</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="機智號飛行任務列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Ingenuity flights"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%99%BA%E8%99%9F%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="機智號飛行任務列表(页面不存在)">任務</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ingenuity_flights" class="extiw" title="en:List of Ingenuity flights"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Ingenuity flights</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F2020" title="火星2020">火星2020計畫</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">未成功發射</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1A%E8%99%9F" title="火星1A號">火星1960A號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1B%E8%99%9F" title="火星1B號">火星1960B號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星1962A號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars 2MV-4 No.1"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1962A%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星1962A號(页面不存在)">火星1962A號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_2MV-4_No.1" class="extiw" title="en:Mars 2MV-4 No.1"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars 2MV-4 No.1</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星1962B號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars 2MV-3 No.1"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1962B%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星1962B號(页面不存在)">火星1962B號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_2MV-3_No.1" class="extiw" title="en:Mars 2MV-3 No.1"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars 2MV-3 No.1</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B3%E8%99%9F" title="水手3號">水手3號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1969A%E8%99%9F" title="火星1969A號">火星1969A號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F1969B%E8%99%9F" title="火星1969B號">火星1969B號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B8%E8%99%9F" title="水手8號">水手8號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99419%E8%99%9F" title="宇宙419號">火星1971C號/宇宙419號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F96" title="火星96">火星96計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF-%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4" title="福布斯-土壤">火衛一-土壤號</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A4%E7%81%AB%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7" title="萤火一号">萤火一号</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">未來</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已計劃</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%88%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8" title="靈神星軌道器">靈神星號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星軌道探測器2號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Orbiter Mission 2"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A82%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星軌道探測器2號(页面不存在)">火星軌道探測器2號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Orbiter_Mission_2" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Orbiter Mission 2"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Orbiter Mission 2</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%BD%97%E5%B7%B4%E5%BF%AB%E8%88%B9" title="欧罗巴快船">歐羅巴快艇號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8" title="火星卫星探测器">火星卫星探测器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EscaPADE" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="EscaPADE"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EscaPADE&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="EscaPADE(页面不存在)">逃逸與等離子加速及動力學探索者計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EscaPADE" class="extiw" title="en:EscaPADE"><span lang="en" dir="auto">EscaPADE</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="兆赫探索者號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tera-hertz Explorer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%86%E8%B5%AB%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="兆赫探索者號(页面不存在)">兆赫探索者號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tera-hertz_Explorer" class="extiw" title="en:Tera-hertz Explorer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tera-hertz Explorer</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哥薩克舞號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Kazachok"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%A5%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E8%88%9E%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="哥薩克舞號(页面不存在)">哥薩克舞號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazachok" class="extiw" title="en:Kazachok"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Kazachok</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%8E%E7%90%B3%C2%B7%E5%AF%8C%E8%98%AD%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E8%99%9F" title="羅莎琳·富蘭克林號">羅莎琳·富蘭克林號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%97%AE%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%B7" title="天问三号">天问三号</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">計劃中</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9%E5%92%8C%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="生物氧化物和生命探测">生物氧化物及生命檢測計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火衛二及火衛一內部探索者" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Deimos and Phobos Interior Explorer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%8A%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80%E5%85%A7%E9%83%A8%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%80%85&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火衛二及火衛一內部探索者(页面不存在)">火衛二及火衛一內部探索者計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deimos_and_Phobos_Interior_Explorer" class="extiw" title="en:Deimos and Phobos Interior Explorer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Deimos and Phobos Interior Explorer</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%86%B0%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD" title="破冰生命">破冰生命計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX火星探测计划">火星基地α</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="國際火星冰探測器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Exploration Ice Mapper"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%86%B0%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="國際火星冰探測器(页面不存在)">國際火星冰探測器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Ice_Mapper" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Exploration Ice Mapper"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Exploration Ice Mapper</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%97%B4%E6%AD%87%E6%B3%89%E8%B7%B3%E8%B7%83%E8%80%85" title="火星间歇泉跳跃者">火星間歇泉跳躍者計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星-土壤號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars-Grunt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F-%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星-土壤號(页面不存在)">火星-土壤號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars-Grunt" class="extiw" title="en:Mars-Grunt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars-Grunt</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星微軌道飛行器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Micro Orbiter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%BE%AE%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星微軌道飛行器(页面不存在)">火星微軌道飛行器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Micro_Orbiter" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Micro Orbiter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Micro Orbiter</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星有機體搜尋探索號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="MELOS"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%AB%94%E6%90%9C%E5%B0%8B%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星有機體搜尋探索號(页面不存在)">火星有機體搜尋探索號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MELOS" class="extiw" title="en:MELOS"><span lang="en" dir="auto">MELOS</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MetNet" title="MetNet">MetNet計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="次火星軌道飛行器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Next Mars Orbiter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AC%A1%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93%E9%A3%9B%E8%A1%8C%E5%99%A8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="次火星軌道飛行器(页面不存在)">次火星軌道飛行器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next_Mars_Orbiter" class="extiw" title="en:Next Mars Orbiter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Next Mars Orbiter</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火衛一、火衛二及火星環境" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Phobos And Deimos &amp; Mars Environment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%B8%80%E3%80%81%E7%81%AB%E8%A1%9B%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%8A%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火衛一、火衛二及火星環境(页面不存在)">火衛一、火衛二及火星環境計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobos_And_Deimos_%26_Mars_Environment" class="extiw" title="en:Phobos And Deimos &amp; Mars Environment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Phobos And Deimos &amp; Mars Environment</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%8F%B7" title="影印号">影印号</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="天空水手號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sky-Sailor"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%B4%E6%89%8B%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="天空水手號(页面不存在)">天空水手號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sky-Sailor" class="extiw" title="en:Sky-Sailor"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sky-Sailor</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">已取消計畫</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空中區域尺度環境調查" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%80%E5%9F%9F%E5%B0%BA%E5%BA%A6%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="空中區域尺度環境調查(页面不存在)">空中區域尺度環境調查計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_Regional-scale_Environmental_Survey" class="extiw" title="en:Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aerial Regional-scale Environmental Survey</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="天體生物學野外實驗室" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Astrobiology Field Laboratory"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E9%87%8E%E5%A4%96%E5%AF%A6%E9%A9%97%E5%AE%A4&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="天體生物學野外實驗室(页面不存在)">天體生物學野外實驗室</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrobiology_Field_Laboratory" class="extiw" title="en:Astrobiology Field Laboratory"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Astrobiology Field Laboratory</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="小獵犬3號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Beagle 3"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8F%E7%8D%B5%E7%8A%AC3%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="小獵犬3號(页面不存在)">小獵犬3號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beagle_3" class="extiw" title="en:Beagle 3"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Beagle 3</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星探測車 (火星96)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Marsokhod"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E8%BB%8A_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F96)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星探測車 (火星96)(页面不存在)">火星96計畫探測車</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marsokhod" class="extiw" title="en:Marsokhod"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Marsokhod</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F4NM%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星4NM號(页面不存在)">火星4NM號</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F5NM%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星5NM號(页面不存在)">火星5NM號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星79號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars 5M"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F79%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星79號(页面不存在)">火星79號/5M號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_5M" class="extiw" title="en:Mars 5M"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars 5M</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星-星辰號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars-Aster"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F-%E6%98%9F%E8%BE%B0%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星-星辰號(页面不存在)">火星-星辰號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars-Aster" class="extiw" title="en:Mars-Aster"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars-Aster</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星天體生物學探索及蒐集者號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E5%8F%8A%E8%92%90%E9%9B%86%E8%80%85%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星天體生物學探索及蒐集者號(页面不存在)">火星天體生物學探索及蒐集者號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Astrobiology_Explorer-Cacher" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Astrobiology Explorer-Cacher</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li>荷蘭<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%B8%80%E5%8F%B7_(%E8%8D%B7%E5%85%B0)" title="火星一号 (荷兰)">火星一號</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98%E8%80%852001" title="火星探勘者2001">火星探勘者2001計畫著陸器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8" title="火星通信轨道器">火星通信轨道器</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="NetLander" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="NetLander"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NetLander&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="NetLander(页面不存在)">NetLander</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NetLander" class="extiw" title="en:NetLander"><span lang="en" dir="auto">NetLander</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="北極光號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Northern Light (spacecraft)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E5%85%89%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="北極光號(页面不存在)">北極光號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Light_(spacecraft)" class="extiw" title="en:Northern Light (spacecraft)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Northern Light (spacecraft)</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E9%BE%8D%E8%99%9F%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E8%88%B9" title="紅龍號太空船">紅龍號</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星調查樣品採集計畫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E6%A8%A3%E5%93%81%E6%8E%A1%E9%9B%86%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星調查樣品採集計畫(页面不存在)">火星調查樣品採集計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample_Collection_for_Investigation_of_Mars" class="extiw" title="en:Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sample Collection for Investigation of Mars</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="灶神星號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vesta (spacecraft)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E8%99%9F&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="灶神星號(页面不存在)">灶神星號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesta_(spacecraft)" class="extiw" title="en:Vesta (spacecraft)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vesta (spacecraft)</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="航海家計畫 (火星)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Voyager program (Mars)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E5%AE%B6%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB_(%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="航海家計畫 (火星)(页面不存在)">火星航海家號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_program_(Mars)" class="extiw" title="en:Voyager program (Mars)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Voyager program (Mars)</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B" title="火星探测">探測</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%9E%E8%B6%8A" title="火星飞越">火星飞越</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="火星轨道器列表">火星轨道器列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%99%BB%E9%99%86" title="火星登陆">火星登陆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%BD%A6" title="火星车">火星车</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA" title="火星飞机">火星飞机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%A8%A3%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%96%E5%9B%9E%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="火星樣本取回任務">火星樣本取回任務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%89%E4%BA%BA%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="載人火星任務">載人火星任務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AE%9A%E5%B1%85%E4%BB%BB%E5%8B%99" title="火星定居任務">火星定居任務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91" title="火星殖民">火星殖民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96" title="火星地球化">火星地球化</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">計畫</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%99%E5%85%89%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="曙光女神計劃">曙光女神計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="火星计划">火星計畫</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星探索聯合倡議" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars Exploration Joint Initiative"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E5%80%A1%E8%AD%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星探索聯合倡議(页面不存在)">火星探索聯合倡議</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Joint_Initiative" class="extiw" title="en:Mars Exploration Joint Initiative"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars Exploration Joint Initiative</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E7%B4%A2%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="火星探索計劃">火星探索計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%81%B5%E5%AF%9F%E5%85%B5%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="火星偵察兵計劃">火星偵察兵計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E4%BB%BB%E5%8A%A1" title="中国火星探测任务">中国火星探测任务</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">推廣</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星計畫 (書籍)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Mars Project"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB_(%E6%9B%B8%E7%B1%8D)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星計畫 (書籍)(页面不存在)">火星計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mars_Project" class="extiw" title="en:The Mars Project"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Mars Project</span></a></span>)</span></span>》</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="移民火星:紅色星球征服計畫" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="The Case for Mars"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%BB%E6%B0%91%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%EF%BC%9A%E7%B4%85%E8%89%B2%E6%98%9F%E7%90%83%E5%BE%81%E6%9C%8D%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="移民火星:紅色星球征服計畫(页面不存在)">移民火星:紅色星球征服計畫</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Case_for_Mars" class="extiw" title="en:The Case for Mars"><span lang="en" dir="auto">The Case for Mars</span></a></span>)</span></span>》</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="靈感火星基金會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Inspiration Mars Foundation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%88%E6%84%9F%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="靈感火星基金會(页面不存在)">靈感火星基金會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inspiration_Mars_Foundation" class="extiw" title="en:Inspiration Mars Foundation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Inspiration Mars Foundation</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2" title="火星学院">火星学院</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="火星學會">火星學會</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="火星競賽" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mars race"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%AB%B6%E8%B3%BD&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="火星競賽(页面不存在)">火星競賽</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_race" class="extiw" title="en:Mars race"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mars race</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>†</sup>未成功完成計畫目標</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="太阳系" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Template:太阳系"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Template talk:太阳系"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:太阳系"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="太阳系" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="太阳系">太阳系</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><figure class="mw-default-size noresize" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Solar_System_Template_2.png" decoding="async" width="666" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="36" usemap="#ImageMap_fe2b4b563cdc4379" /></span><map name="ImageMap_fe2b4b563cdc4379"><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" shape="rect" coords="0,0,90,35" alt="太阳" title="太阳" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="112,18,6" alt="水星" title="水星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="153,18,8" alt="金星" title="金星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" shape="circle" coords="203,8,4" alt="月球" title="月球" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" shape="circle" coords="194,18,8" alt="地球" title="地球" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="233,18,8" alt="火星" title="火星" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="239,13,3" alt="火卫一和火卫二" title="火卫一和火卫二" /><area href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="271,18,8" alt="穀神星" title="穀神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" shape="rect" coords="256,0,288,35" alt="小行星主带" title="小行星主带" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="317,18,15" alt="木星" title="木星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="329,5,6" alt="木星的卫星" title="木星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="298,15,335,20" alt="木星环" title="木星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="372,18,12" alt="土星" title="土星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="381,7,6" alt="土星的卫星" title="土星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="353,5,389,31" alt="土星环" title="土星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="418,18,12" alt="天王星" title="天王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="427,10,6" alt="天王星的卫星" title="天王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="408,4,429,34" alt="天王星环" title="天王星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="462,18,12" alt="海王星" title="海王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="471,10,3" alt="海王星的卫星" title="海王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" shape="rect" coords="441,9,485,28" alt="海王星环" title="海王星环" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="504,18,8" alt="冥王星" title="冥王星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="510,13,3" alt="冥王星的卫星" title="冥王星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="534,18,8" alt="妊神星" title="妊神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="540,13,3" alt="妊神星的卫星" title="妊神星的卫星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="567,18,8" alt="鸟神星" title="鸟神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6" shape="rect" coords="490,0,580,35" alt="柯伊伯带" title="柯伊伯带" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" shape="circle" coords="596,18,8" alt="阋神星" title="阋神星" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" shape="circle" coords="602,13,3" alt="阋卫一" title="阋卫一" /><area href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" shape="rect" coords="581,0,610,35" alt="離散盤" title="離散盤" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" shape="rect" coords="623,0,640,35" alt="山形云" title="山形云" /><area href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" shape="rect" coords="641,0,666,35" alt="奥尔特云" title="奥尔特云" /></map><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3" title="太阳">太阳</a><br />•<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E5%9C%88" title="太陽圈">太陽圈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="行星" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="行星">行星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%98%9F" title="水星">水星</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E6%98%9F" title="金星">金星</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83" title="地球">地球</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83" title="月球">月球</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">火星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="火星的卫星">火卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F" title="木星">木星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="木星的卫星">木衛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="木星环">木星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F" title="土星">土星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="土星的卫星">土卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="土星环">土星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="天王星">天王星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="天王星的卫星">天卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="天王星环">天王星环</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="海王星">海王星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="海王星的卫星">海卫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%8E%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="海王星环">海王星环</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%AE%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="矮行星">矮行星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%80%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="穀神星">穀神星</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F" title="冥王星">冥王星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="冥王星的卫星">冥卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星">妊神星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%8A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F" title="妊神星的卫星">妊卫</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%9F%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="鸟神星">鸟神星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S/2015_(136472)_1" title="S/2015 (136472) 1">鳥卫一</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="阋神星">阋神星</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%8B%E5%8D%AB%E4%B8%80" title="阋卫一">阋卫一</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="太阳系小天体" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding: 0.35em; text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E5%B0%8F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="太陽系小天體">太阳系<br />小天体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="小行星">小行星</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E5%9E%8B%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="微型行星">微型行星</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="小行星族" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E6%97%8F" title="Category:小行星族">小行星族</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9D%E8%9E%8D%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="祝融型小行星">祝融型小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="近地天体">近地小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%B8%B6" title="主小行星帶">主小行星帶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93" title="特洛伊天体">特洛伊天体</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="木星特洛伊">木星特洛伊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A" title="海王星特洛伊">海王星特洛伊</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E6%97%8F" title="希尔达族">希尔达族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%BA%BA%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="半人马小行星">半人马小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="小行星衛星">小行星衛星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E6%98%9F%E4%BD%93" title="流星体">流星体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="智神星">小行星2智神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%9A%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="婚神星">小行星3婚神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B6%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="灶神星">小行星4灶神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%A5%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="健神星">小行星10健神星</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">另见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%BC%E5%BE%97%E9%97%9C%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="值得關注的小行星列表">小行星列表</a>。</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%98%9F%E5%A4%96%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="海王星外天體">海王星<br />外天体</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="古柏带" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E4%BC%8A%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%A6" title="柯伊伯带">古柏带</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A5%E6%97%8F%E5%B0%8F%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="冥族小天體">冥族小天體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A1%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="亡神星">小行星90482亡神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F28978" title="小行星28978">小行星28978伊克西翁</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E5%8F%A4%E6%9F%8F%E5%B8%B6%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94" title="傳統古柏帶天體">傳統古柏帶天體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55637" title="小行星55637">小行星55637</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F20000" title="小行星20000">小行星20000伐罗那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F15760" title="小行星15760">小行星15760</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55636" title="小行星55636">小行星55636</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9B%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="创神星">小行星50000创神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A8%E7%A5%9E%E6%98%9F" title="雨神星">小行星38628雨神星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F55565" title="小行星55565">小行星55565</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E6%95%A3%E7%9B%A4" title="離散盤">離散盤</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F84522" title="小行星84522">小行星84522</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_XR190" class="mw-redirect" title="2004 XR190">2004 XR190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F90377" class="mw-redirect" title="小行星90377">小行星90377賽德娜</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F" title="彗星">彗星</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="周期彗星列表">周期彗星</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E9%80%B1%E6%9C%9F%E5%BD%97%E6%98%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="非週期彗星列表">非周期彗星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9%E5%85%8B%E5%9E%8B%E5%B0%8F%E8%A1%8C%E6%98%9F" title="达摩克型小行星">达摩克型小行星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="内奥尔特云">内欧特云</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%B0%94%E7%89%B9%E4%BA%91" title="奥尔特云">欧特云</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: smaller"><div>另见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%A2%E6%88%90%E4%B8%8E%E6%BC%94%E5%8C%96" title="太阳系的形成与演化">太阳系的形成与演化</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%B0%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体发现时间列表">太阳系天体发现时间列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体列表">轨道列表</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太阳系天体大小列表">大小列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%B3%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%81%87%E8%A8%AD%E5%A4%A9%E9%AB%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="太陽系的假設天體列表">太陽系的假設天體列表</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="太阳系模型">太阳系模型</a>,以及<b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%B3%BB" title="Portal:太阳系">太阳系主题</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1243063/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316741886">VIAF</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX455441">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120752119">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120752119">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mars (Planet)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4037687-4">德国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007553217705171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85081548">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565094">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mars (planeta)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ph117831&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record1347">希腊</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=63812">现代乌克兰百科全书</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10046638">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029043387">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐f69cdc8f6‐b2n64 Cached time: 20241124091315 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 2.399 seconds Real time usage: 2.938 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 13503/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 754576/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 38687/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 30/100 Expensive parser function count: 59/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 253070/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 1.187/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 24576932/52428800 bytes Lua Profile: ? 360 ms 25.7% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction 200 ms 14.3% MediaWiki\Extension\Scribunto\Engines\LuaSandbox\LuaSandboxCallback::find 140 ms 10.0% dataWrapper <mw.lua:672> 120 ms 8.6% 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