CINXE.COM
In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition | NIST
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition","20220121225405","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1642805645"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="utf-8"/> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-66610693-3", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("require", "linkid", "linkid.js");ga("set", "anonymizeIp", true);ga("set", "dimension2", "In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition");ga("set", "dimension3", "1690211");ga("set", "dimension7", "Blog entry");ga("send", "pageview");ga('create', 'UA-33523145-1', 'auto', 'NISTGSA'); ga('NISTGSA.send', 'pageview');</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/node/1690211"/> <meta name="description" content="While the pandemic still grips the world, researchers at NIST continue their work on COVID-19 related research, as well as the wide range of other science an"/> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition"/> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="sarah.henderson@nist.gov"/> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="While the pandemic still grips the world, researchers at NIST continue their work on COVID-19 related research, as well as the wide range of other science an"/> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="2021-12-08T11:28-05:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.type" content="text"/> <meta name="dcterms.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition"/> <meta name="dcterms.modified" content="2021-12-21T09:21-05:00"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NIST"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition"/> <meta property="og:title" content="In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition"/> <meta property="og:description" content="While the pandemic still grips the world, researchers at NIST continue their work on COVID-19 related research, as well as the wide range of other science an"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/09/27/green%20bank%20telescope.jpg"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-12-21T09:21:24-05:00"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="QMu0ODkER3rN5hLcMLqNVf7e3bkjYsNLTuhqfH48jCA"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <title>In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition | NIST</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_YaJGA8KOnyr--oAyOpQaTyZBWZ3JXpdsNcpD1a96Npw.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_I_3xN7ZfxIAoRmqVoBY5G_2Zy7GBZOE0Em4smmXGmZQ.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_zbjDhj-AmeVwgu9y0DlPwEfp7l-a5BpoK3MpoGmRB6o.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PV0KmreUx3hVeYI6yGypf71UDz9BSQl1Z5DjiESDh-Y.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_uuE08h546HQbrT4MtXUuAGqMfCfTFk5I_lPwqovCB7A.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_7icWnorLNLmQi3vruPHGiCSTmfZ1FhsOmI6tqLWJaM8.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_NI73gnw5CZt6JHuihVvo_GGoeDWT1lNupYUeUQqnL6A.css"/> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405js_/https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0039/8570.js" async></script> <script src="/web/20220121225405js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_-dbYZ4JxrJ1JstYSHl6hMbgz-yFcPPqDY0VSXVJZCIo.js"></script> </head> <body class="node-1690211"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg> </span> ) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <div class="nist-print-header" style="display:none;"> <p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition</p> <img class="nist-print-header__logo" width="289" height="38" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </div> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header nist-header--www nist-header--minimal" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="usa-logo flex-fill"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" aria-label="Home"> <img src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </a> </div> <div class="usa-header__right grid-row flex-auto"> <div class="grid-col-fill nist-header__search-group"> <form class="usa-search usa-search--small" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/fusion-search" id="search_form" method="get"> <div role="search"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-form">Search NIST</label> <input class="usa-input" id="search-form" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search NIST" required=""> <button class="usa-button" type="submit"><span class="usa-sr-only">Search</span></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="grid-col-auto padding-left-1"> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="usa-nav"> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <button class="usa-nav__close">Close</button> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-1"><span>Topics</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-1" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/topics" class="usa-nav__link">All Topics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/advanced-communications" class="usa-nav__link">Advanced communications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/artificial-intelligence" class="usa-nav__link">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience" class="usa-nav__link">Bioscience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/buildings-construction" class="usa-nav__link">Buildings and construction</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/chemistry" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/climate" class="usa-nav__link">Climate</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/cybersecurity" class="usa-nav__link">Cybersecurity</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/electronics" class="usa-nav__link">Electronics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/energy" class="usa-nav__link">Energy</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/environment" class="usa-nav__link">Environment</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/fire" class="usa-nav__link">Fire</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/forensic-science" class="usa-nav__link">Forensic science</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/health" class="usa-nav__link">Health</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/information-technology" class="usa-nav__link">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/infrastructure" class="usa-nav__link">Infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/manufacturing" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/materials" class="usa-nav__link">Materials</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/mathematics-statistics" class="usa-nav__link">Mathematics and statistics</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/metrology" class="usa-nav__link">Metrology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology" class="usa-nav__link">Nanotechnology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/neutron-research" class="usa-nav__link">Neutron research</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/performance-excellence" class="usa-nav__link">Performance excellence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/physics" class="usa-nav__link">Physics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/public-safety" class="usa-nav__link">Public safety</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/resilience" class="usa-nav__link">Resilience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/standards" class="usa-nav__link">Standards</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/transportation" class="usa-nav__link">Transportation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a class="usa-nav__link" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-3"><span>Labs & Major Programs</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/laboratories" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratories</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/el" class="usa-nav__link">Engineering Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/itl" class="usa-nav__link">Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/mml" class="usa-nav__link">Material Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/pml" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/user-facilities" class="usa-nav__link">User Facilities</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/cnst" class="usa-nav__link">CNST NanoFab</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/research-test-beds" class="usa-nav__link">Research Test Beds</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments" class="usa-nav__link">Tools & Instruments</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/major-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Major Programs</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige" class="usa-nav__link">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/mep" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/special-programs-office-spo" class="usa-nav__link">Special Programs Office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">Technology Partnerships Office</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-4"><span>Services & Resources</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/standards-and-measurements" class="usa-nav__link">Standards and Measurements</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-nav__link">Calibration Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nvlap" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-quality-system" class="usa-nav__link">Quality System</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/standardsgov" class="usa-nav__link">Standards.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/pml/time-and-frequency-division/time-services" class="usa-nav__link">Time Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/pml/weights-and-measures" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Weights and Measures</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software" class="usa-nav__link">Software</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/data" class="usa-nav__link">Data</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry WebBook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://nvd.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">National Vulnerability Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/physical-reference-data" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Reference Data</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Data (SRD)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/shop" class="usa-nav__link">Storefront</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">License & Patents</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/http://csrc.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC)</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Research Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-5"><span>News & Events</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news" class="usa-nav__link">News </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/events" class="usa-nav__link">Events</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-nav__link">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-nav__link">Feature Stories</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/awards" class="usa-nav__link">Awards</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Image Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/director/pao/media-contacts" class="usa-nav__link">Media Contacts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-6"><span>About NIST</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist" class="usa-nav__link">About Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us" class="usa-nav__link">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/visit" class="usa-nav__link">Visit</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/careers" class="usa-nav__link">Careers</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure" class="usa-nav__link">Our Organization</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/director" class="usa-nav__link">Office of the Director</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/our-organization/budget-planning" class="usa-nav__link">Budget & Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/industry-impacts" class="usa-nav__link">Industry Impacts</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/work-nist" class="usa-nav__link">Work with NIST</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/history" class="usa-nav__link">History</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/http://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Digital Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-museum" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Museum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel" class="usa-nav__link">NIST and the Nobel</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/education" class="usa-nav__link">Resources for Kids</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> <div class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <div id="block-nist-www-content" class="nist-block"> <section class="nist-page__content usa-section clearfix"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-top-full"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="entity-reference"> <div class="nist-blog-header nist-blog-header--purple nist-blog-header--inner"> <div class="nist-blog-header__bkgrd"> <div class="nist-blog-header__main grid-container"> <div class="grid-row"> <h2 class="nist-blog-header__title"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure"> Taking Measure </a> </h2> <div class="nist-blog-header__tagline"> <p class="text">Just a Standard Blog</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-top-4"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-top"> <div class="nist-block"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">In Case You Missed It From NIST: 2021 Edition</h1> </div> <div class="font-body-md"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2021-12-21T12:00:00Z">December 21, 2021</time> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <div class="nist-block nist-social__wrapper"> <h2 class="nist-social__title">Share</h2> <div class="social-media-sharing"> <div class="nist-social__wrapper--share"> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.facebook.com/share.php?u=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition" title="Facebook" class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-gray"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> </div> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition&source=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition" title="Linkedin" class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-gray"> <span>Linkedin</span> </a> </div> <div> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition&status=https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition" title="Twitter" class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-gray"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> </div> <div> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/mailto:/?subject=NIST.gov&body=Check out this site https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition" title="Email" class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-gray"> <span>Email</span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-top-4"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content tablet-lg:grid-col-8"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="text-with-summary"> <p>While the pandemic still grips the world, researchers at NIST continue their work on COVID-19 related research, as well as the wide range of other science and technology topics NIST is known for. </p> <p>We have pulled together a selection of stories, videos and other content from around NIST to let you see what they’ve been up to not just this year, but in some cases, for many years now. You'll also learn a little bit more about how we measure things. Happy reading! </p> <h2>Measuring the Cosmos</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/09/27/green%20bank%20telescope.jpg?itok=ESqEY0pi" data-media-id="623721"><img alt="A white telescope dish is surrounded by wooded mountains in autumn colors." height="2136" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/09/27/green%20bank%20telescope.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="3216"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> Green Bank Observatory </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> NSF/GBO </div> </figcaption></figure><p>When you think space, you probably think NASA. But did you know that NIST has a role in space exploration? NIST sensors and electronics are helping scientists around the world — from Hawaii to Antarctica — study our cosmos. They’re also being installed on satellites. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="0bbda15b-2b38-4916-8c56-a8c94993c566" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/measuring-cosmos" title="Measuring The Cosmos">Learn more about NIST’s efforts to help measure the cosmos</a>. </p> <hr><h2>How Do You Measure It?</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image"><img alt="HDYMI Banner Image" height="681" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/03/31/banner-new.png" typeof="foaf:Image" width="2501"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> </figcaption></figure><p>You have questions. We have answers. From how we measure things like time or alcohol content to how smoke and carbon monoxide detectors “measure” to keep us safe, we’re helping you learn how measurements get made. And while NIST may not actually measure some of these things, we are determined to <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="7ea5c8ed-9467-447d-bdcb-67b9573d4a56" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/how-do-you-measure-it" title="How Do You Measure It?">research and answer your measurement-related questions</a>. </p> <hr><h2>Streamlined NIST Tool Could Help Homeowners, Renters Reduce Airborne Exposure to COVID </h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/11/22/VenitlationTool_Graphic_960x600_Animationv2.gif?itok=lGHuyuIU" data-media-id="628746"><img alt="Animation shows particles as blue dots circulating through a living room via windows, fans and filters." height="535" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/11/22/VenitlationTool_Graphic_960x600_Animationv2.gif" typeof="foaf:Image" width="960"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> A new web tool developed by NIST could help homeowners leverage factors such as ventilation and air filters to reduce the number of potentially infectious aerosols lingering in the air. This animation depicts how different measures could be combined to make an impact, although the order in which they are applied is arbitrary. </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> B. Hayes/NIST </div> </figcaption></figure><p>As you gather with loved ones this holiday, safety is likely top of mind. An <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="3681ab43-5486-4cd2-884b-61106b1de3ed" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/11/streamlined-nist-tool-could-help-homeowners-renters-reduce-airborne" title="Streamlined NIST Tool Could Help Homeowners, Renters Reduce Airborne Exposure to COVID ">online tool from NIST researchers</a> could help you make your (indoor) holiday festivities a bit safer. The tool, created with support from the CDC and CDC Foundation, leverages factors such as ventilation and air filters to reduce the number of potentially infectious particles in the air.</p> <hr><h2>The Joplin Tornado: A Calamity and a Boon to Resilience, 10 Years On </h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/05/21/JoplinTornado_HeaderGraphic.png?itok=sK-Gr77G" data-media-id="611666"><img alt="Illustration shows black and white photos of damaged building on green background." height="472" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/05/21/JoplinTornado_HeaderGraphic.png" typeof="foaf:Image" width="1200"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> B. Hayes/NIST </div> </figcaption></figure><p>In 2011, a powerful tornado moved through Joplin, Missouri, killing 161 and causing billions of dollars in damages. NIST embarked on a multiyear investigation of the Joplin tornado that uncovered vulnerabilities in emergency communications, building designs and wind measurements. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="76fa7bff-ad23-4bd8-b7f2-9ad3a8486e10" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/05/joplin-tornado-calamity-and-boon-resilience-10-years" title="The Joplin Tornado: A Calamity and a Boon to Resilience, 10 Years On">Read about the investigation, NIST’s findings, the 16 recommendations investigators made and the impact those recommendations have had</a>. </p> <hr><h2>NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program </h2> <figure class="align-center nist-video" data-media-id="613176"><div class="video-embed-field"><div class="video-embed-field-lazy" data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class="video-embed-field-provider-nist-kaltura video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/embedIframeJs/uiconf_id/31013851/partner_id/684682?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_s3f4xkjf?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_s3f4xkjf&amp;flashvars%5BautoPlay%5D=1"></iframe> </div> "><img alt="NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405im_/https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/thumbnail/entry_id/1_s3f4xkjf/width/1280" typeof="foaf:Image"><button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program</div> </div> </div> <figcaption class="nist-video__caption" data-caption-editable="true"> NIST’s Greenhouse Gas Measurements Program develops advanced tools for accurately measuring emissions so industries and governments will have the information they need to manage emissions effectively. </figcaption></figure><p>Carbon dioxide emissions from cities <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="970c3658-0686-4f6a-8d46-19ac900a9756" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/06/carbon-dioxide-sensors-2-urban-areas-registered-big-drop-emissions-during" title="Carbon Dioxide Sensors in 2 Urban Areas Registered Big Drop in Emissions During COVID-19 Pandemic">dropped by a third</a> during the first few months of the COVID pandemic. One way scientists were able to track these changes was using CO2 sensors <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="362dc3ed-fa5e-45db-8beb-a25143428bb0" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/04/commerce-building-now-part-noaa-nist-weather-and-greenhouse-gas-tracking" title="Commerce Building Now Part of NOAA, NIST Weather and Greenhouse Gas Tracking Network">on buildings and rooftops</a>. This may sound like an obvious way to do it, but the approach is new, and potentially an important tool for cities that are working to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.</p> <hr><h2>Safe, Efficient, Reliable: New Science in the Fight Against Killer Drugs</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/03/18/Faux_Fentynal_lethal_dose_005.jpg?itok=dfAPXUfn" data-media-id="604496"><img alt="Black background. Photo of a penny. Next to the penny is a tiny amount of a white powder." height="694" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/960_x_960_limit/public/images/2021/03/18/Faux_Fentynal_lethal_dose_005.jpg?itok=QaB2e9hV" typeof="foaf:Image" width="960"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> Photo illustration of 2 milligrams of fentanyl, a lethal dose in most people. </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration </div> </figcaption></figure><p>While much of the country was focused on COVID, some researchers were focused on another public health epidemic: drug overdose deaths. In November, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced a frightening statistic: For the 12-month period ending in April 2021, more than 100,000 people died of drug overdoses. And of those 100,000, nearly two-thirds were caused by synthetic opioids, primarily fentanyl. At the same time, scientists in Connecticut and Vermont raised the alarm around fentanyl-laced marijuana. Fentanyl is not only killing the users themselves; it’s also putting the police, first responders and forensic chemists who encounter it in their work at risk. To save lives and protect workers, NIST scientists are developing new tools that can detect and identify this deadly substance safely, efficiently and reliably. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="dce93abd-366d-404e-8d2d-bd9d9b0d4f36" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/safe-efficient-reliable-new-science-fight-against-killer-drugs" title="Safe, Efficient, Reliable: New Science in the Fight Against Killer Drugs">Learn more about these efforts</a>.</p> <hr><h2>Masks Under the Microscope</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/02/24/mask-_hero-2-rev.jpg?itok=Nd3rVVGM" data-media-id="602821"><img alt="Fabric face mask in black and white" height="543" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/02/24/mask-_hero-2-rev.jpg" title="Mask hero" typeof="foaf:Image" width="1200"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> N. Hanacek/NIST based on images by E.P. Vicenzi </div> </figcaption></figure><p>Much of the news this past year was filled with stories of COVID-19 and whether masks were effective in helping curb its spread. NIST scientists know that to understand how something works, it helps to see it up close. A team of our researchers took this approach when studying the fabric masks that people wear to slow the spread of COVID-19. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="40e44538-1db5-48c1-9ba3-ba3817c1d6f6" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/masks-under-microscope" title="Masks Under the Microscope">Check out the photos here</a>. </p> <hr><h2>What a Comb Can Do</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-video" data-media-id="623316"><div class="video-embed-field"><div class="video-embed-field-lazy" data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class="video-embed-field-provider-nist-kaltura video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/embedIframeJs/uiconf_id/31013851/partner_id/684682?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_ytre0aai?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_ytre0aai&amp;flashvars%5BautoPlay%5D=1"></iframe> </div> "><img alt="What a Comb Can Do" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405im_/https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/thumbnail/entry_id/1_ytre0aai/width/1280" typeof="foaf:Image"><button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">What a Comb Can Do</div> </div> </div> <figcaption class="nist-video__caption" data-caption-editable="true"> By making a simple measurement, the optical frequency comb has changed science. So what can a comb do? A lot — and the possibilities are constantly expanding. Learn more: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://w3auth.nist.gov/topics/physics/optical-frequency-combs">https://www.nist.gov/topics/physics/optical-frequency-combs</a> </figcaption></figure><p>First developed to build better atomic clocks — and responsible for NIST researcher <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="0f020386-aafa-4bd2-b3ec-f19994ffc609" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel/jan-hall" title="Jan Hall">Jan Hall’s Nobel Prize</a> — optical frequency combs are ultra-precise rulers for light. The measurements they can make have opened a plethora of research doors, from <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="4b26ab8b-2f0e-424a-aab9-a6ff95a31fa0" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2019/02/nist-astrocomb-opens-new-horizons-planet-hunting-telescope" title="NIST ‘Astrocomb’ Opens New Horizons for Planet-Hunting Telescope">astrophysics</a> to <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="648f4f71-01d8-45ad-b6fc-101f5a943db4" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/10/jilas-comb-breathalyzer-now-thousandfold-more-sensitive-disease-biomarkers" title="JILA’s Comb Breathalyzer Is Now a Thousandfold More Sensitive to Disease Biomarkers">health</a>.</p> <p>You can read more about frequency combs in this <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="2fad4e68-3fae-4125-bd5e-bfe74aeace03" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/making-measurements-fine-toothed-comb-0" title="Making Measurements With a Fine-Toothed Comb">blog post</a> or on this <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="d0f3e23a-9ded-41b4-b75e-df0223888093" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/topics/physics/optical-frequency-combs" title="Optical Frequency Combs">explainer page</a>.</p> <hr><h2>Piecing Together the Timeline of California’s Deadliest Wildfire</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-image--lightbox nist-image" data-lightbox="https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/2800_x_2800_limit/public/images/2021/01/25/IMG_3921.JPG.jpg?itok=2O9setwK" data-media-id="599696"><img alt="A researcher standing on recently burned terrain. " height="561" loading="lazy" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/01/25/IMG_3921.JPG.jpg" title="A Landscape Left Barren in the Wake of the Camp Fire " typeof="foaf:Image" width="1200"><figcaption class="nist-image__caption"><div class="nist-image__caption-content" data-caption-editable="true"> NIST researcher and fire protection engineer Alexander Maranghides views a landscape marred by the Camp Fire during a field data collection deployment. </div> <div class="nist-image__credit"> <span class="nist-image__credit-label">Credit:</span> NIST </div> </figcaption></figure><p>California's deadliest and costliest wildfire so far, the 2018 Camp Fire damaged several communities, nearly destroying the town of Paradise. By speaking with more than 150 witnesses, NIST researchers uncovered the conditions leading up to the fire and its aftermath. </p> <p>In a report published in January 2021, NIST details the first 24 hours of the fire's progression, offering key insights into what made it so severe and what might prevent fires like these in the future. <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="aeba6da4-05fe-45ec-960f-f56386e018f8" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/piecing-together-timeline-californias-deadliest-wildfire" title="Piecing Together the Timeline of California’s Deadliest Wildfire">Check out a collection of photos from that report</a>.</p> <hr><h2>Resilience in Manufacturing: InCharged and NJMEP</h2> <figure class="align-center nist-video" data-media-id="624111"><div class="video-embed-field"><div class="video-embed-field-lazy" data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class="video-embed-field-provider-nist-kaltura video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/embedIframeJs/uiconf_id/31013851/partner_id/684682?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_3rqmip8s?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_3rqmip8s&amp;flashvars%5BautoPlay%5D=1"></iframe> </div> "><img alt="Resilience in Manufacturing: InCharged and NJMEP" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405im_/https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/thumbnail/entry_id/1_3rqmip8s/width/1280" typeof="foaf:Image"><button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">Resilience in Manufacturing: InCharged and NJMEP</div> </div> </div> <figcaption class="nist-video__caption" data-caption-editable="true"> Learn how one manufacturer, with the help from their local MEP Center, was able to innovate and pivot during challenging times to not only survive but thrive while growing their business. </figcaption></figure><p>A manufacturer whose product line focused on in-person events had to pivot when the pandemic shut down meetings down. This video from <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="7b07fbe0-a9fb-4235-80d2-3ac4d565cdaa" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/mep" title="Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)">NIST’s Manufacturing Extension Partnership</a> takes you along on their innovative journey.</p> <hr><p>We hope that you enjoyed this selection of content from the past year at NIST. </p> <p>Comment below if you’d like to hear more about any of these topics … or if there are other topics or stories you’d like us to tell in this blog in 2022. </p> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="nist-tags"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/bioscience" hreflang="en">Bioscience</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/buildings-and-construction" hreflang="en">Buildings and Construction</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/electronics" hreflang="en">Electronics</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/environment" hreflang="en">Environment</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/fire" hreflang="en">Fire</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/forensics" hreflang="en">Forensics</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/health" hreflang="en">Health</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/manufacturing" hreflang="en">Manufacturing</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/metrology" hreflang="en">Metrology</a>, <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/physics" hreflang="en">Physics</a> and <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/taking-measure-categories/public-safety" hreflang="en">Public Safety</a></div> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Related posts</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-87806026dcb122717160d9f813790f132cb798c9513ddd0186c3f3c2bd0e43a7"> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/taking-measure/trials-and-triumphs-small-citys-hurricane-recovery-could-help-other-communities" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/trials-and-triumphs-small-citys-hurricane-recovery-could-help-other-communities" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2022/01/14/Sevenmaps_lumbertonNC_SS_1281226750.jpg?itok=vRaFcht1" width="100" height="67" alt="Close-up of a map showing a city called Lumberton" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/trials-and-triumphs-small-citys-hurricane-recovery-could-help-other-communities"><span>The Trials and Triumphs of a Small City’s Hurricane Recovery Could Help Other Communities Bounce Back</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-01-19T12:00:00Z">January 19, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">In September 2018, a North Carolina city’s long road to recovery from Hurricane Matthew two years earlier became even longer. Lumberton, a small but diverse</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/taking-measure/my-first-semiconductor-standards-were-bust-or-were-they" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/my-first-semiconductor-standards-were-bust-or-were-they" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/12/22/MBE_KB_closeup1.JPG?itok=95jbjnQH" width="100" height="75" alt="A woman stands smiling in front of a large device with many metal parts and wires." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/my-first-semiconductor-standards-were-bust-or-were-they"><span>My First Semiconductor Standards Were a Bust … or Were They?</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-01-12T12:00:00Z">January 12, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">Silicon is the most important semiconductor in the world. It forms the chips that are used for memory and processors in high-end computers, everyday consumer</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article role="article" about="/blogs/taking-measure/thats-wrap-selects-nist-invent-calendar" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/thats-wrap-selects-nist-invent-calendar" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2021/11/24/2021-12-30_Optical%20Flow%20Meter_ImgCred_NIST.jpg?itok=0U0t0Cme" width="100" height="66" alt="Clear glass "boxes" with tubes coming in and out" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/thats-wrap-selects-nist-invent-calendar"><span>That’s a Wrap: Selects From the NIST Invent Calendar</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2022-01-05T12:00:00Z">January 5, 2022</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">We have a gift for you, packaged up in December 2021 and now ready to experience in full. Each day in December, the NIST Invent Calendar revealed innovations</div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Comments</h2> <section> <h2>Add new comment</h2> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220121225405cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PGOm5yXnFAoF0OPcm4yMbauxEiadVS9fzocQgOylJEc.css"/> <script src="/web/20220121225405js_/https://www.nist.gov/core/assets/vendor/modernizr/modernizr.min.js?v=3.11.7"></script> <script src="/web/20220121225405js_/https://www.nist.gov/core/misc/modernizr-additional-tests.js?v=3.11.7"></script> <form class="comment-comment-node-blog-form comment-form usa-form antibot" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="comment-form" data-action="/comment/reply/node/1690211/comment_node_blog" action="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/antibot" method="post" id="comment-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <noscript> <div class="antibot-no-js antibot-message antibot-message-warning">You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form.</div> </noscript> <div class="tablet:grid-col-3 form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-name js-form-item-name"> <label for="edit-name" class="usa-label"> Your name </label> <input data-drupal-default-value="Anonymous" data-drupal-selector="edit-name" type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="30" maxlength="60" class="form-text usa-input"/> </div> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-bd-krbfzi7x4fpcbh7hyev-wxpvwztnjnanspfj-ei" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-BD_KRbFzi7X4FpCBh7HYEV_WxpVWztNJnaNspfj-_eI" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-comment-node-blog-form" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="comment_comment_node_blog_form" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-antibot-key" type="hidden" name="antibot_key" value="" class="usa-input"/><div class="field--type-text-long field--name-comment-body field--widget-text-textarea js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-wrapper" id="edit-comment-body-wrapper"> <div class="js-text-format-wrapper js-form-item form-item"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textarea js-form-type-textarea form-item-comment-body-0-value js-form-item-comment-body-0-value"> <label for="edit-comment-body-0-value" class="usa-label js-form-required form-required"> Comment <span class="usa-label--required"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Required</span>*</span></label> <div class="form-textarea-wrapper"> <textarea class="js-text-full text-full form-textarea required usa-textarea resize-vertical" data-entity_embed-host-entity-langcode="en" data-media-embed-host-entity-langcode="en" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-value" id="edit-comment-body-0-value" name="comment_body[0][value]" rows="5" cols="60" placeholder="" required="required" aria-required="true"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="js-filter-wrapper filter-wrapper hidden js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-format" id="edit-comment-body-0-format"><div class="js-filter-guidelines filter-guidelines js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-comment-body-0-format-guidelines" id="edit-comment-body-0-format-guidelines"><div data-drupal-format-id="plain_text"> <h4>Plain text</h4> <ul> <li>No HTML tags allowed.</li> <li>Web page addresses and email addresses turn into links automatically.</li> <li>Lines and paragraphs break automatically.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="usa-accordion usa-accordion--bordered"> <li> <button type="button" aria-controls="captcha-content" role="button" aria-controls="captcha" aria-expanded="true" aria-pressed="true" class="usa-accordion__button">CAPTCHA</button> <div id="captcha-content" class="usa-accordion__content"> This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. <input data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-sid" type="hidden" name="captcha_sid" value="259947251" class="usa-input"/><input data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-token" type="hidden" name="captcha_token" value="ewHUM1TGq8NDpBPEQBjyYeKLMA__GZno-3GYDo8pHAM" class="usa-input"/><img data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-image" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/image-captcha-generate/259947251/1642805644" width="180" height="60" alt="Image CAPTCHA" title="Image CAPTCHA" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-captcha-response js-form-item-captcha-response"> <label for="edit-captcha-response" class="usa-label js-form-required form-required"> What code is in the image? <span class="usa-label--required"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Required</span>*</span></label> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="edit-captcha-response" aria-describedby="edit-captcha-response--description" type="text" id="edit-captcha-response" name="captcha_response" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text required usa-input" required="required" aria-required="true"/> <div id="edit-captcha-response--description" class="description help-block"> Enter the characters shown in the image. </div> </div> <div class="reload-captcha-wrapper"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/image-captcha-refresh/comment_comment_node_blog_form" class="reload-captcha">Get new captcha!</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul><!-- USWDS fieldset end --> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions--2"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Save" class="button button--primary js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> <div class="comments__disclaimer padding-top-2"> <em>Please be respectful when posting comments. We will post all comments without editing as long as they are appropriate for a public, family friendly website, are on topic and do not contain profanity, personal attacks, misleading or false information/accusations or promote specific commercial products, services or organizations. Comments that violate our comment policy or include links to non-government organizations/web pages will not be posted.</em> </div> </form> </section> </div> </div> <aside class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--sidebar-second tablet-lg:grid-col-4"> <div> <div class="nist-block"> <div> <div about="/blogs/taking-measure"> <div class="views-exposed-form usa-form filters nist-block" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-blog-taking-measure-search-page"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Search</h2> <form action="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-blog-taking-measure-search-page" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="usa-form"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-k js-form-item-k form-no-label"> <input placeholder="Search this blog" data-drupal-selector="edit-k" type="text" id="edit-k" name="k" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input"/> <div id="edit-k--description" class="description help-block"> Put exact phrase in quotes (e.g., "artificial intelligence") </div> </div> <div class="grid-col-12 form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search-blog" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search-blog" value="Search" class="button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> </form> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Email alerts</h2> <div class="text-long"><p>Sign up for e-mail alerts from the Taking Measure blog by entering your e-mail address in the box below.</p> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscribers/qualify" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="post"> <input name="utf8" type="hidden" value="✓"> <input type="hidden" name="authenticity_token" value="GleKn0r3EFkuIRsIWsyLN6Mrqim4qc3U7eIUCWGqBFz2ziQ/qv0gnQTJUhVbKHMSlmrsC7UHIm6S8IfK6qk9EQ=="> <input type="hidden" name="topic_id" id="topic_id" value="USNIST_309"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-1"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="email">Enter Email Address</label> <input class="usa-input" type="text" name="email" id="email" title="email"> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <input type="submit" name="commit" value="Sign Up" class="usa-button margin-top-1"> </div> </div> </form></div> </div> <div class="nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Stay connected</h2> <div><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.facebook.com/nist" class="nist-social nist-social--facebook" title="Facebook"><span>Facebook</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist" class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin" title="LinkedIn"><span>LinkedIn</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.twitter.com/nist" class="nist-social nist-social--twitter" title="Twitter"><span>Twitter</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.youtube.com/nist" class="nist-social nist-social--youtube" title="Youtube"><span>Youtube</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/http://www.instagram.com/nist/" class="nist-social nist-social--instagram" title="Instagram"><span>Instagram</span></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://service.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new?topic_id=USNIST_309" class="nist-social nist-social--envelope" title="GovDelivery"><span>GovDelivery</span></a></div> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block no-print"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Categories</h2> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-8eb138cc5a08d33b4307d342bd4c4d70512957bac2bd4d881794c7441d44d04c"> <div> <select class="usa-select ViewsJumpMenu js-viewsJumpMenu" title="-- Choose --"> <option>-- Choose --</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/advanced-communications">Advanced Communications</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/bioscience">Bioscience</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/buildings-and-construction">Buildings and Construction</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/chemistry">Chemistry</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/cybersecurity">Cybersecurity</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/disaster-resilience">Disaster Resilience</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/electronics">Electronics</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/energy">Energy</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/engineering">Engineering</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/environment">Environment</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/fire">Fire</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/forensics">Forensics</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/health">Health</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/information-technology">Information Technology</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/infrastructure">Infrastructure</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/manufacturing">Manufacturing</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/materials">Materials</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/mathematics-and-statistics">Mathematics and Statistics</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/metrology">Metrology</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/nanotechnology">Nanotechnology</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/neutron-research">Neutron Research</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/nist-general">NIST General</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/performance-excellence">Performance Excellence</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/physics">Physics</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/public-safety">Public Safety</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/quality">Quality</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/robotics">Robotics</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/standards">Standards</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/transportation">Transportation</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/uncategorized">Uncategorized</option> <option data-url="/taking-measure-categories/weights-and-measures">Weights and Measures</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-block"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">About this blog</h2> <div class="text-long"><p>Taking Measure is the official blog of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).</p> <p>It provides a behind-the-scenes look at NIST’s research and programs, covering a broad range of science and technology areas. Through this blog, NIST’s researchers and staff will share why they do what they do and how today’s research will lead to tomorrow’s innovations.</p> <p>The views presented here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of NIST.</p> <p>If you have any questions about our blog, please contact us at <span class="spamspan"><span class="u">takingmeasure</span> [at] <span class="d">nist.gov</span></span>.</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> </div> </section> </div> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <footer class="nist-footer padding-bottom-4"> <div class="grid-container nist-footer__info"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__logo"> <a href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home"> <img class="nist-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20220121225405im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack_rev.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology logo"> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__contact"> <h3 class="nist-footer__contact-heading">HEADQUARTERS</h3> <address> 100 Bureau Drive<br> Gaithersburg, MD 20899<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a> </address> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/mailto:do-webmaster@nist.gov">Webmaster</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us">Contact Us</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/our-organization">Our Other Offices</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__social-links"> <a class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://twitter.com/NIST"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.facebook.com/NIST"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist"> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--instagram-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.instagram.com/nist/"> <span>Instagram</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--youtube-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.youtube.com/NIST"> <span>YouTube</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--rss-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/nist-rss-feeds"> <span>RSS Feed</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://service.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new"> <span>Mailing List</span> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__feedback"> How are we doing? <a class="usa-button" rel="nofollow" href="/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/form/nist-gov-feedback?destination=/blogs/taking-measure/case-you-missed-it-nist-2021-edition" title="Provide feedback">Feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-footer__nav" role="navigation"> <ul> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/privacy-policy">Site Privacy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/oism/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/privacy">Privacy Program</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/oism/copyrights">Copyrights</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/no-fear-act-policy">No Fear Act Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/office-director/freedom-information-act">FOIA</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/environmental-policy-statement">Environmental Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/summary-report-scientific-integrity">Scientific Integrity</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.nist.gov/nist-information-quality-standards">Information Quality Standards</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://www.commerce.gov/">Commerce.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/http://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/http://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225405/https://vote.gov/">Vote.gov</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1690211","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":"100","back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":0,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":1,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|bsh|c|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|dw(fx|g|gd)|dxf|eps|epub|exe|f(90)|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|m1v|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mobi|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|pl|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|rfa|rtf|rvt|sch|sea|sit|swf|tar|tgz|tif|txt|txz|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|wrl|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|xsd|z|zip","trackDomainMode":1},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"\\.gov\\\/|\\.mil\\\/","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"Thank you for visiting NIST. We hope your visit was informative. We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may be of interest to our users. NIST does not necessarily endorse the views expressed or the facts presented on this site. Further, NIST does not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on this site. Click OK to be directed to your link.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/blogs\/taking-measure\/search":true,"\/comment\/reply\/node\/1690211\/comment_node_blog":true},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"520687c07b4be4858e6c6ce3a624b46210584185ff52f288415ad535b343bd9c"},"antibot":{"forms":{"comment-form":{"id":"comment-form","key":"XDytyE7gAWRG1VSJ5XfNCdeIU0-NupWAiBNUrPHes38"}}}}</script> <script src="/web/20220121225405js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_WD_ECP9u1mLFwixUtkJRs1LzmxZnPp8DIF4BfKC6yEQ.js"></script> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 22:54:05 Jan 21, 2022 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 09:23:11 Jan 10, 2025. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.486 exclusion.robots: 0.026 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.015 esindex: 0.01 cdx.remote: 5.874 LoadShardBlock: 276.567 (3) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 242.811 (4) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 84.218 (4) load_resource: 130.069 -->