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Seadmedraiver – Vikipeedia

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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Draiveri_paigaldamine_ja_uuendamine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Draiveri_paigaldamine_ja_uuendamine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Draiveri paigaldamine ja uuendamine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Draiveri_paigaldamine_ja_uuendamine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Füüsiline_struktuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Füüsiline_struktuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Füüsiline struktuur</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Füüsiline_struktuur-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Füüsiline struktuur&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Füüsiline_struktuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-APId" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#APId"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>APId</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-APId-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kasutajarežiimi_draiverid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kasutajarežiimi_draiverid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kasutajarežiimi draiverid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kasutajarežiimi_draiverid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kernelirežiimi_draiverid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kernelirežiimi_draiverid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kernelirežiimi draiverid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kernelirežiimi_draiverid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kujundus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kujundus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kujundus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kujundus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Kujundus&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kujundus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mitmeastmeline_seadmedraiver" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitmeastmeline_seadmedraiver"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Mitmeastmeline seadmedraiver</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitmeastmeline_seadmedraiver-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sõpruse_tsoon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sõpruse_tsoon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sõpruse tsoon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sõpruse_tsoon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arendus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arendus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Arendus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arendus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Lülita ümber alaosa &quot;Arendus&quot;</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Arendus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Microsoft_Driver_Foundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Microsoft_Driver_Foundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Microsoft Driver Foundation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Microsoft_Driver_Foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WDF-i_draiverimudel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WDF-i_draiverimudel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>WDF-i draiverimudel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WDF-i_draiverimudel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-WDFi_objektimudel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WDFi_objektimudel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>WDFi objektimudel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WDFi_objektimudel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kernelirežiimi_objektid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kernelirežiimi_objektid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Kernelirežiimi objektid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kernelirežiimi_objektid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kasutajarežiimi_objektid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kasutajarežiimi_objektid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Kasutajarežiimi objektid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kasutajarežiimi_objektid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rakendused" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rakendused"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Rakendused</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rakendused-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virtuaalsed_seadmedraiverid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virtuaalsed_seadmedraiverid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virtuaalsed_seadmedraiverid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vaata_ka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vaata_ka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vaata ka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vaata_ka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Seadmedraiver</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 58 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AC_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81" title="برنامج تعريف – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برنامج تعريف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drayver" title="Drayver – aserbaidžaani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Drayver" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbaidžaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemacu_peranti" title="Pemacu peranti – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pemacu peranti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pemacu_peranti" title="Pemacu peranti – malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pemacu peranti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upravlja%C4%8Dki_program" title="Upravljački program – bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Upravljački program" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlador_de_dispositiu" title="Controlador de dispositiu – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Controlador de dispositiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovlada%C4%8D_za%C5%99%C3%ADzen%C3%AD" title="Ovladač zařízení – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ovladač zařízení" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardwaredriver" title="Hardwaredriver – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hardwaredriver" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ger%C3%A4tetreiber" title="Gerätetreiber – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gerätetreiber" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82" title="Οδηγός συσκευής – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οδηγός συσκευής" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Device driver" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlador_de_dispositivo" title="Controlador de dispositivo – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Controlador de dispositivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelilo" title="Pelilo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pelilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87" title="درایور دستگاه – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="درایور دستگاه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilote_informatique" title="Pilote informatique – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pilote informatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EC%B9%98_%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B2%84" title="장치 드라이버 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="장치 드라이버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="डिवाइस ड्राइवर – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डिवाइस ड्राइवर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%86%C4%9Brjak_(informatika)" title="Ćěrjak (informatika) – ülemsorbi" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ćěrjak (informatika)" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ülemsorbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napravni_pogonitelj" title="Napravni pogonitelj – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Napravni pogonitelj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekill_(t%C3%B6lvunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Rekill (tölvunarfræði) – islandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rekill (tölvunarfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%9F" title="מנהל התקן – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנהל התקן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – kasahhi" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasahhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – kirgiisi" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiendeshaji" title="Kiendeshaji – suahiili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiendeshaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahiili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzinis" title="Dzinis – läti" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzinis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="läti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – letseburgi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="letseburgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tvarkykl%C4%97" title="Tvarkyklė – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tvarkyklė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – lombardi" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardver-illeszt%C5%91program" title="Hardver-illesztőprogram – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hardver-illesztőprogram" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D1%85%D3%A9%D3%A9%D1%80%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Төхөөрөмжийн драйвэр – mongoli" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Төхөөрөмжийн драйвэр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuurprogramma" title="Stuurprogramma – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stuurprogramma" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%89%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%90" title="デバイスドライバ – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="デバイスドライバ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivar" title="Drivar – uusnorra" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Drivar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="uusnorra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – niidumari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="niidumari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterownik_urz%C4%85dzenia" title="Sterownik urządzenia – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sterownik urządzenia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver_de_dispositivo" title="Driver de dispositivo – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Driver de dispositivo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driver" title="Driver – rumeenia" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Driver" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – russiini" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="russiini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilota_de_dispositivu" title="Pilota de dispositivu – sardi" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Pilota de dispositivu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C" title="ධාවක මෘදුකාංග – singali" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ධාවක මෘදුකාංග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver – lihtsustatud inglise" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Device driver" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="lihtsustatud inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovl%C3%A1da%C4%8D_(informatika)" title="Ovládač (informatika) – slovaki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ovládač (informatika)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%99%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Управљачки програм – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Управљачки програм" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laiteajuri" title="Laiteajuri – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Laiteajuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drivrutin" title="Drivrutin – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Drivrutin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="డివైజ్ డ్రైవర్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="డివైజ్ డ్రైవర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="โปรแกรมขับอุปกรณ์ – tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โปรแกรมขับอุปกรณ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%ACnh_%C4%91i%E1%BB%81u_khi%E1%BB%83n_thi%E1%BA%BFt_b%E1%BB%8B" title="Trình điều khiển thiết bị – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trình điều khiển thiết bị" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayg%C4%B1t_s%C3%BCr%C3%BCc%C3%BCs%C3%BC" title="Aygıt sürücüsü – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aygıt sürücüsü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Драйвер – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Драйвер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" title="驱动程序 – uu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="驱动程序" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="uu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%85%E5%8B%95%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%8F" title="驅動程式 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="驅動程式" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" title="驱动程序 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="驱动程序" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1033951#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Seadmedraiver" title="Vaata sisulehekülge [c]" 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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ilme</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">peida</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><p><b>Seadmedraiver</b> (<a href="/wiki/Inglise_keel" title="Inglise keel">inglise keeles</a> <i>driver</i> – juht, antud kontekstis <b>juhtprogramm</b>) ehk <b>ohjur</b> on <a href="/wiki/Informaatika" title="Informaatika">informaatikas</a> <a href="/wiki/Arvutiprogramm" title="Arvutiprogramm">arvutiprogramm</a>, mis võimaldab teistel kõrgtasemeprogrammidel <a href="/wiki/Riistvara" title="Riistvara">riistvarakomponenti</a> kasutada.<sup id="cite_ref-JI1t4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JI1t4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arvutis on iga riistvarakomponendi jaoks seadmedraiver (edaspidi lühemalt draiver), ilma milleta ei suudaks riistvara töötada. Tavaliselt toimub andmevahetus draiveri ja arvutikomponendi vahel läbi <a href="/wiki/Arvutisiin" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvutisiin">arvutisiini</a> või mõne teise ühenduskanali, mille külge riistvarakomponent on ühendatud. Kui kasutajaprogramm tahab komponendilt midagi, siis ta annab draiverile vastava käsu ja draiver edastab selle komponendile spetsiifilise riistvarakäsuna.<sup id="cite_ref-3M8SE_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3M8SE-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kui komponent tahab programmile andmeid saata, siis käib see samuti läbi draiveri. Seadmedraiver töötab seega tõlgina riistvaraseadme ning rakenduste või <a href="/wiki/Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteem" title="Operatsioonisüsteem">operatsioonisüsteemi</a> vahel. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Draiveri_paigaldamine_ja_uuendamine">Draiveri paigaldamine ja uuendamine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Draiveri paigaldamine ja uuendamine&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Draiveri paigaldamine ja uuendamine&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Enamasti saab draiveri koos seadmega kaasa <a href="/wiki/CD" title="CD">CD</a> või mõne teise <a href="/wiki/Andmekandja" title="Andmekandja">andmekandja</a> peal. Algselt on riistvaral ainult üldine draiver, kuid sellel ei ole piisavalt informatsiooni, et arvuti saaks riistvara õigesti kasutada.<sup id="cite_ref-UWbgw_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UWbgw-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Kui riistvara ei tööta korralikult, siis on tavaliselt seadmedraiveris tekkinud mingi rike. Draiverit on võimalik uuesti installida. Selleks tuleb minna vastava seadmemudeli <a href="/wiki/Koduleht" title="Koduleht">kodulehele</a> ning sealt otsida sellele sobiv draiver. Samuti on olemas ka mitmeid programme, mis uuendavad draivereid automaatselt, kui on olemas uuem versioon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Füüsiline_struktuur"><span id="F.C3.BC.C3.BCsiline_struktuur"></span>Füüsiline struktuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Füüsiline struktuur&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Füüsiline struktuur&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seadmedraiveri füüsiline struktuur koosneb <a href="/wiki/Tuum_(informaatika)" title="Tuum (informaatika)">tuumast</a> ehk kernelist, <a href="/wiki/Sisend/v%C3%A4ljund" title="Sisend/väljund">sisend/väljundihaldurist</a> ning kasutajarežiimidest.<sup id="cite_ref-HCVfv_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HCVfv-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tüüpide loend: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/API" class="mw-redirect" title="API">API</a> – programmeerimisrakendus, mida operatsioonisüsteem kasutab, et käivitada sisend/väljundhaldur.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ntdll&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ntdll (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ntdll</a> – funktsiooni <a href="/wiki/Teek" title="Teek">teek</a>, mis kasutab tupikprogramme, et käivitada operatsioonisüsteem.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NtReadFile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="NtReadFile (pole veel kirjutatud)">NtReadFile</a> – süsteem, mis loob ja kontrollib sisend/väljundhalduri päringuid.</li> <li>Sisend/väljundhaldur – alamsüsteem, mis kontrollib kõiki seadmeid ning otsustab, mida iga draiver teha võib.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IRP&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="IRP (pole veel kirjutatud)">IRP</a> – päringu andmepakett, mida sisend/väljundhaldur kasutab, et küsida informatsiooni draiveritelt.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IoCallDraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="IoCallDraiver (pole veel kirjutatud)">IoCallDraiver</a> – saadab IRP draiverisse, mis on seostatud kindla seadme objektiga.</li></ul> <p>Kasutajarežiimis ühendub rakendus API-ga, mis ühendub <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ntdll&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ntdll (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ntdll</a>'iga. Seejärel liigub rakenduse päring <a href="/wiki/Kernel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kernel">kernelisse</a> läbi sisend/väljundhalduri. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sisend/v%C3%A4ljundhaldur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sisend/väljundhaldur (pole veel kirjutatud)">Sisend/väljundhaldur</a> kasutab <a href="/w/index.php?title=NtReadFile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="NtReadFile (pole veel kirjutatud)">NtReadFile</a>’i, et päring läbi töötada, ning saadab selle IoCallDraiverisse, mis omakorda saadab informatsiooni õigesse draiverisse. Pärast seda otsustab draiver, mida selle päringuga teha. See saadab selle riistvara <a href="/wiki/Port" title="Port">porti</a>, teise draiverisse või tegeleb sellega hiljem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="APId">APId</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;APId&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;APId&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASPI&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ASPI (pole veel kirjutatud)">ASPI</a> – SCSI seadme liidesele</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbon (pole veel kirjutatud)">Carbon</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cocoa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cocoa (pole veel kirjutatud)">Cocoa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" title="Macintosh">Macintoshile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> – <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windowsile</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EHLLAPI&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="EHLLAPI (pole veel kirjutatud)">EHLLAPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> <a href="/wiki/Rakendusliides" title="Rakendusliides">rakendusliidesed</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ODBC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ODBC (pole veel kirjutatud)">ODBC</a> – Microsoft Windowsile</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenAL&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenAL (pole veel kirjutatud)">OpenAL</a> mitmeplatvormiline heli rakendusliides</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenCL" title="OpenCL">OpenCL</a> mitmeplatvormiline rakendusliides tavaarvuti <a href="/wiki/Protsessor" title="Protsessor">protsessoritele</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Graafikaprotsessor" title="Graafikaprotsessor">graafikaprotsessoritele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> mitmeplatvormiline <a href="/wiki/Graafika" title="Graafika">graafika</a> rakendusliides</li> <li>Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talend&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Talend (pole veel kirjutatud)">Talend</a> integreerib oma andmehalduse BPM-iga<sup id="cite_ref-dkR9E_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dkR9E-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kasutajarežiimi_draiverid"><span id="Kasutajare.C5.BEiimi_draiverid"></span>Kasutajarežiimi draiverid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kasutajarežiimi draiverid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kasutajarežiimi draiverid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Need draiverid tagavad näiteks liidese Win32 rakenduse ja kernelirežiimi draiverite või teiste operatsioonisüsteemi komponenti vahel. <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vistas</a> on kõik printeri draiverid kasutajarežiimis. Kasutades kasutajarežiimi draiveri raamistikku, on võimalik luua kasutajarežiimi draivereid, mis põhinevad protokollil või <a href="/wiki/Jadasiin" title="Jadasiin">jadasiinil</a>. Selle režiimi eeliseks on madalam latentsus, paranenud stabiilsus, sest halvasti kirjutatud seadmedraiver ei ole võimeline süsteemi kokkujooksutama.&lt;ref=name"wdf1"&gt;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/gg462956">Driver Design</a> msdn.microsoft.com, kasutatud 18.12.2011&lt;/ref&gt;. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kernelirežiimi_draiverid"><span id="Kernelire.C5.BEiimi_draiverid"></span>Kernelirežiimi draiverid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kernelirežiimi draiverid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kernelirežiimi draiverid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Need draiverid töötavad kernelirežiimis operatsioonisüsteemi komponentidena, mis haldavad <a href="/wiki/Sisend/v%C3%A4ljund" title="Sisend/väljund">sisend/väljundit</a>, isehäälestamist, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4lu_(arvuti)" title="Mälu (arvuti)">mälu</a>, protsesse ja <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B5im_(informaatika)" title="Lõim (informaatika)">lõimi</a>, turvalisust jne. Kernelirežiimi draiverid on enamasti jaotatud kihtideks. Kõik kernelirežiimi draiverid on varustatud süsteemi määratud tavaliste draiverirutiinidega. Osa kernelirežiimi draivereid on Windowsi Draiveri Mudeli (WDM) draiverid, mis kuuletuvad WDM-ile. Mõned draiverid on kernelirežiimi draiveri raamistiku (KMDF) draiverid. Ülejäänud draiverid põhinevad NDIS-i või teistel draiverimudelitel, mis on spetsiifilised seadme klassile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kujundus">Kujundus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kujundus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kujundus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seadmedraiverid jaotatakse arhitektuurilise projekteerimise ning arendamise viisi järgi kaheks mudeliks, mis täiendavad teineteist andmete kapseldamise, süsteemi tõhususe ning <a href="/wiki/Tarkvara" title="Tarkvara">tarkvara</a> muutuste haldamise osas.<sup id="cite_ref-O3AVY_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O3AVY-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png/220px-Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png/330px-Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png/440px-Mitmeastmeliseseadmedraiverijoonis.png 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption>Mitmeastmeline seadmedraiver</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mitmeastmeline_seadmedraiver">Mitmeastmeline seadmedraiver</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Mitmeastmeline seadmedraiver&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Mitmeastmeline seadmedraiver&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See jagab draiveri koodi kolme gruppi, nii et äriloogika on eraldatud alamtaseme riistvara spetsiifilisest koodist ning süsteemi tase tagab vajaliku ühenduse vahepeal. Kui riistvara muutub, siis tuleks koodi muuta ainult alamtasemes ning vastupidi, kui andmepäringud muutuvad, siis tuleks muuta ainult rakendusekoodi. Süsteemi taseme kood tagab ligipääsufunktsioonid alamtaseme koodidele, et need saaksid suhelda rakendusetaseme koodidega. Rakendusetaseme kood ei saa otse alamtaseme koodiga suhelda. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png/220px-S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png/330px-S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png/440px-S%C3%B5prusetsoon.png 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="716" /></a><figcaption>Sõpruse tsoon</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sõpruse_tsoon"><span id="S.C3.B5pruse_tsoon"></span>Sõpruse tsoon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Sõpruse tsoon&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Sõpruse tsoon&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See on üpriski sarnane mitmeastmelise seadmedraiveri arhitektuuriga, kuid see on efektiivsem, sest siin on süsteemi- ja alamtaseme andmetele ligipääs tunduvalt kiirem. Selleks tuleb tasakaalustada andme kapseldamise vastasmõjud ja süsteemi jõudlus. Selle saab, kui kasutada ‘sõbra’ funktsiooni <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a>’s, mis annab ühele klassile ligipääsu teise klassi privaatsetele andmetele, kui teine klass on esimese oma ‘sõbraks’ määranud. Sellepärast on vähem lisafunktsiooni kutseid ning see hoiab klassi andmed saladuses kõigi ees, kes ei ole määratud tema ‘sõbraks’. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arendus">Arendus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Arendus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Arendus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Seadmedraiveri kirjutamine nõuab põhjalikke teadmisi sellest, kuidas riistvara ja tarkvara omavahel talitlevad mingis operatsioonisüsteemis. Draiverid töötavad kõrgete käskudega keskkonnas ning võivad tekitada tõsist kahju, kui midagi läheb valesti. Enamikku kasutajataseme tarkvaraprogramme saab peatada, ilma et need mõjutaksid ülejäänud süsteemi drastiliselt. Peamiselt kirjutavad seadmedraivereid tarkvarainsenerid, kes töötavad riistvarafirmades, sest nemad tunnevad oma riistvara paremini kui keegi väljastpoolt firmat. Riistvara tootja huvides oli parim, kui kasutaja saab kasutada nende toodet kõige efektiivsemal viisil. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Microsoft_Driver_Foundation">Microsoft Driver Foundation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Microsoft Driver Foundation&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Microsoft Driver Foundation&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Microsoft lõi Windows Driver Foundatoni, et kergendada draiverite arendamist ning parandada nende kvaliteeti, ilma et see vähendaks jõudlust. WDF-ga kaasneb mudel, millel on infrastruktuur nii kerneli kui ka kasutajarežiimi draiveritele. See mudel on paindlik, pikendatav, skaleeritav, võimaldab lisanduvaid arenguid, vähendab õppeaega ning lubab draiveri kirjutajal keskenduda operatsioonisüsteemi asemel seadme riistvarale.<sup id="cite_ref-wdf_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WDF-i_draiverimudel">WDF-i draiverimudel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;WDF-i draiverimudel&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;WDF-i draiverimudel&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Draiverimudel määrab objektorienteeritud keskkonna, milles draiveri kood saab hakkama tarkvarale spetsiifiliste funktsioonidega ning <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsofti</a> raamistik ütleb draiverile, et see vastaks sündmustele, mis mõjutavad selle draiveri operatsioone. Sellisel kujundusel on mitu tähtsat eelist oma eelkäija Windows Driver Modeli (WDM) ees. Esiteks saab Microsoft muuta operatsioonisüsteemi sisest andmestruktuuri ilma draiveri ühildamatusega. Peale selle on draiverid väiksemad, kiiremad arenema ja vigu kõrvaldama tänu raamistikule, mis rakendab üldisi draiveri tunnuseid ja tavalist käitumist. Draiveri arendajad ja riistvara edasimüüjad on paremini isoleeritud lisanduvatest uuendustest igas uues operatsioonisüsteemi versioonis. Iga raamistik saab jälgida draiveri hetkeseisu, <a href="/wiki/Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteem" title="Operatsioonisüsteem">operatsioonisüsteemi</a> ning seadet, seega eemaldades palju keerulist loogikat, mida on draiverites vaja.<sup id="cite_ref-wdf_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WDFi_objektimudel">WDFi objektimudel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;WDFi objektimudel&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;WDFi objektimudel&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Objektid töötavad ehituskividena draiveris. Draiver muudab neid objekte täpselt määratletud liideste kaudu. Objektidel endal on täpselt defineeritud elutsükkel. Mingi hulk sündmusi võib mõjutada igat objektiliiki. Raamistik määrab tavalise käitumise iga sündmuse puhul. Toetamaks seadmele spetsiifilist käitumist, on draiveril tagasihelistamise rutiin, mis tühistab vaikeoleku. </p><p>Objektidel on meetodid, sündmused ja atribuudid. Meetodid teostavad tegevusi objektidel. Sündmused on tingimused, millel draiver võib tegutseda. WDF identifitseerib võimalikud sündmused igale objektile ning määrab enamikule vaiketegevuse. Draiver sisaldab koodi, mis on suuteline ainult neid sündmusi täitma, millele on vaiketegevused sobivad. Kui sündmus toimub, siis WDF kutsub välja seotud tagasihelistamise. Atribuudid kirjeldavad objektide tunnuseid. Iga atribuut on seostatud meetodiga, mis saavad ning kui vajalik, siis ka määravad omandile väärtuse.<sup id="cite_ref-wdf_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kernelirežiimi_objektid"><span id="Kernelire.C5.BEiimi_objektid"></span>Kernelirežiimi objektid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kernelirežiimi objektid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kernelirežiimi objektid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Kernel-Mode Driver Foundationi</i> (KMDF) objektid on struktuurid, mis on läbipaistmatud draiverile. Draiverid viitavad objekti juhtumeid pidemetega. Lugemiseks, kirjutamiseks või tegevuse teostamiseks objektil peab draiver kutsuma meetodi objektile ning pideme edasi andma. KMDF eristab umbes 20 tüüpi objekte. KMDF-i objektid on unikaalsed raamistikule. Neid ei halda <a href="/wiki/Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windowsi</a> objektihaldur ning sellepärast ei saa neid mõjutada kasutades süsteemi ObXxx funktsioone. Ainult raamistik ning WDF draiverid saavad luua ja neid muuta. </p><p>KMDFi sündmused ei ole seotud kerneli dispetšeri sündmustega, mida Windows kasutab sünkroonimismehhanismina. Draiver ei saa luua, muuta või oodata WDF sündmuse järel. Selle asemel draiver registreerib tagasihelistamise sündmusele ja WDF kutsub draiverit, kui sündmus leiab aset.<sup id="cite_ref-wdf_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kasutajarežiimi_objektid"><span id="Kasutajare.C5.BEiimi_objektid"></span>Kasutajarežiimi objektid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kasutajarežiimi objektid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kasutajarežiimi objektid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>User-Mode Driver Foundationi</i> (UMDF) objektid põhinevad komponent objekt mudelil. UMDF kasutab väikest komponent objekt mudeli alamhulka iga päringuliidese ja viidete lugemise tunnuseid. Kasutajarežiimi draiverites rakendavad nii draiver kui ka raamistik komponent objekt mudeli stiilis liideseid. Pidemeid ei ole vaja, sest liidesed on abstraktsed ning selletõttu identifitseerivad objekti. </p><p>UMDB eristab vähem objekte kui KMDF, sest kasutajarežiimi draiveritel ei ole otsest ligipääsu riistvarale ning sellepärast ei teosta otsest <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4lu" title="Mälu">mälu</a> ligipääsu ega tootel katkestusi.<sup id="cite_ref-wdf_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rakendused">Rakendused</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Rakendused&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Rakendused&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Draivereid kasutatakse mitmes valdkonnas<sup id="cite_ref-YNUuD_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YNUuD-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Videokaart" title="Videokaart">videokaart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helikaart" title="Helikaart">helikaart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printer" title="Printer">printer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5rgukaart" class="mw-redirect" title="Võrgukaart">võrgukaart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siin" title="Siin">siinid</a></li> <li>andmesalvestusseadmed, nt <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5vaketas" title="Kõvaketas">kõvaketas</a> ja <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videokaamera" title="Videokaamera">videokaamera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skanner" title="Skanner">skanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veebikaamera" title="Veebikaamera">veebikaamera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiired" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiired">hiired</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B5rmistik" class="mw-redirect" title="Sõrmistik">klaviatuur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuvar" title="Kuvar">kuvar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Virtuaalsed_seadmedraiverid">Virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid esindavad uut seadmedraiverite varianti. Neid kasutatakse, et emuleerida mingit riistvara seadet, enamasti virtualiseerimiskeskkonnas. Näiteks kui <a href="/wiki/DOS" class="mw-redirect" title="DOS">DOS</a>-programmi kasutatakse Windowsi arvutis või kui külalisoperatsioonisüsteemi kasutatakse Xen hostis. Selle asemel, et võimaldada külalisoperatsioonisüsteemil suhelda riistvaraga, virtuaalsed seadmedraiverid võtavad vastas rolli ja emuleerivad mingit riistvara seadet, nii et külalisoperatsioonisüsteem ja selle virtuaalses masinas töötavatel draiveritel oleks illusioon, et neil on ligipääs reaalsele riistvarale. Külalisoperatsioonisüsteemi katsed riistvarale ligipääsemiseks on ümbersuunatud virtuaalsesse seadmedraiverisse hosti operatsioonisüsteemi funktsiooni kutsetena. </p><p>Virtuaalsed seadmed võivad töötada ka mitte virtuaalses keskkonnas. Näiteks virtuaalset võrguadapterit kasutatakse virtuaalses privaatvõrgus, samal ajal kui virtuaalset ketta seadet kasutatakse iSCSI-ga. Parim virtuaalse seadmedraiveri näide on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daemon_Tools&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daemon Tools (pole veel kirjutatud)">Daemon Tools</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vaata_ka">Vaata ka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vaata ka&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Vaata ka&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BC%C3%BCrel" title="Tüürel">Tüürel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Viited&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-JI1t4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-JI1t4_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://searchenterprisedesktop.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid192_gci211938,00.html">Device driver </a> searchenterprisedesktop.techtarget.com/, kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3M8SE-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3M8SE_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110718031000/http://vallaste.ee/index.htm?Type=UserId&amp;otsing=1840">Draiver</a> vallaste.ee, kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UWbgw-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UWbgw_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.driverdoc.com/articles/articles-when-and-how-to-install-driver-updates.html">When And How To Install Driver Updates</a> www.driverdoc.com , kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HCVfv-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HCVfv_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4621707_device-driver-work.html">How Does a Device Driver Work?</a> www.ehow.com, kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dkR9E-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dkR9E_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface#API_examples">API näited </a> kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-O3AVY-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-O3AVY_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sachin Bammi: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hillside.net/plop/2006/Papers/Library/PLoP-Article_1_v6.pdf">Design Patterns for Device Driver Design</a> , kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wdf-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wdf_7-0">7,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wdf_7-1">7,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wdf_7-2">7,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wdf_7-3">7,3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-wdf_7-4">7,4</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/gg463314">Architecture of the Windows Driver Foundation</a> msdn.microsoft.com, kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YNUuD-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-YNUuD_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalspec.com/learnmore/industrial_engineering_software/specialty_software/device_drivers">Device Drivers Information </a> www.globalspec.com, kasutatud 18.12.2011</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kirjandus&quot;" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seadmedraiver&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Muuda alaosa &quot;Kirjandus&quot; lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Indrek Zolk. Riistvara ja tehniline dokumentatsioon. Tartu, 2008, 76 lk (<a href="/wiki/Eri:Raamatuotsimine/9789949180905" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9789949180905</a>)</li></ul> <div class="navbox" style=";;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6393697">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:2px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.15em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddddff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin:0 0.5em}</style><table class="mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" scope="col" colspan="2" style=";;padding:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6347537">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{margin:0;display:inline-block;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{white-space:nowrap;word-spacing:-0.125em;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .navbar li:not(:last-child):after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navbar.mini li abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}</style><div class="navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteemid" title="Mall:Operatsioonisüsteemid"><abbr title="Vaata seda malli">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Eri:EditPage/Mall:Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteemid" title="Eri:EditPage/Mall:Operatsioonisüsteemid"><abbr title="Redigeeri seda malli">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="margin:0 4em;"><a href="/wiki/Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteem" title="Operatsioonisüsteem">Operatsioonisüsteem</a></div></th></tr><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Tuum_(informaatika)" title="Tuum (informaatika)">Tuum</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=";;border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=";;">Arhitektuurid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eksotuum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eksotuum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Eksotuum</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BCbriidtuum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hübriidtuum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Hübriid</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikrotuum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikrotuum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Mikrotuum</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terviktuum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Terviktuum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tervik</a></div> </td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;">Komponendid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kasutajaruum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kasutajaruum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kasutajaruum</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laaditav_tuumamoodul&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Laaditav tuumamoodul (pole veel kirjutatud)">Laaditav tuumamoodul</a> &#160;&#8226; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Seadmedraiver</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table><div></div> </td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tegumihaldus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tegumihaldus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tegumihaldus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=";;border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=";;">Mõisted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Katkestus_(informaatika)" class="mw-redirect" title="Katkestus (informaatika)">Katkestus</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontekstivahetus&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontekstivahetus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kontekstivahetus</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B5im_(informaatika)" title="Lõim (informaatika)">Lõim</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaanur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaanur (pole veel kirjutatud)">Plaanur</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/wiki/Arvutiprogramm" title="Arvutiprogramm">Rakendus</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tegum&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tegum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Tegum</a></div> </td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Ressursijaotus" title="Ressursijaotus">Ressursijaotus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rjestikplaanur" title="Järjestikplaanur">Järjestikplaanur</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/wiki/Multitegumt%C3%B6%C3%B6" title="Multitegumtöö">Multitegumtöö</a> &#160;&#8226; 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<a href="/wiki/Virtuaalm%C3%A4lu" title="Virtuaalmälu">Virtuaalmälu</a></div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Operatsioonis%C3%BCsteemide_loend" title="Operatsioonisüsteemide loend">Loend</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=AmigaOS&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="AmigaOS (pole veel kirjutatud)">AmigaOS</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/wiki/BSD" title="BSD">BSD</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=GNU_Hurd&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="GNU Hurd (pole veel kirjutatud)">Hurd</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=HP-UX&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="HP-UX (pole veel kirjutatud)">HP-UX</a> &#160;&#8226; <a href="/w/index.php?title=IRIX&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="IRIX (pole veel kirjutatud)">IRIX</a> &#160;&#8226; 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