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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=NSA_ANT_catalog&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA ANT catalog">NSA ANT catalog</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Classified catalog of hacking tools by the NSA</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #124471; color: #ffffff">ANT catalog</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg/200px-Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg/300px-Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg/400px-Logo_of_the_National_Security_Agency_and_Central_Security_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1358" data-file-height="718" /></a></span> <br /><small><i>Seals of the <a href="/wiki/NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA">NSA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Service" title="Central Security Service">Central Security Service</a>, used on all catalog pages</i></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Description</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Classified_information" title="Classified information">Classified</a> ANT product catalog for the <a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">Tailored Access Operations</a> unit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of pages</th><td class="infobox-data">49</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date of catalog sheets</th><td class="infobox-data">2008–2009</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authors of publication</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum" title="Jacob Appelbaum">Jacob Appelbaum</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_St%C3%B6cker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Stöcker (page does not exist)">Christian Stöcker</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_St%C3%B6cker" class="extiw" title="de:Christian Stöcker">de</a>]</span> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Judith_Horchert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judith Horchert (page does not exist)">Judith Horchert</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date of publication</th><td class="infobox-data">30 December 2013</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year of intended declassification</th><td class="infobox-data">2032</td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="718" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> surveillance</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg/240px-Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg/360px-Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg/480px-Boundless_Informant_data_collection_-_DNI.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="358" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Boundless_Informant" title="Boundless Informant">Map of global NSA data collection</a> as of 2007<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, with countries subject to the most data collection shown in red</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Programs</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt>Pre-1978</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ECHELON" title="ECHELON">ECHELON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_MINARET" title="Project MINARET">MINARET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_SHAMROCK" title="Project SHAMROCK">SHAMROCK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROMIS_(intelligence_software)" class="mw-redirect" title="PROMIS (intelligence software)">PROMIS</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Since 1978</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upstream_collection" title="Upstream collection">Upstream collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blarney_(code_name)" title="Blarney (code name)">BLARNEY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairview_(surveillance_program)" title="Fairview (surveillance program)">FAIRVIEW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Core" title="Main Core">Main Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ThinThread" title="ThinThread">ThinThread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Genoa" title="Project Genoa">Genoa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Since 1990</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RAMPART-A" title="RAMPART-A">RAMPART-A</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Since 1998</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">Tailored Access Operations</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Since 2001</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OAKSTAR" title="OAKSTAR">OAKSTAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STORMBREW" title="STORMBREW">STORMBREW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailblazer_Project" title="Trailblazer Project">Trailblazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbulence_(NSA)" title="Turbulence (NSA)">Turbulence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Genoa_II" title="Project Genoa II">Genoa II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_Information_Awareness" title="Total Information Awareness">Total Information Awareness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Surveillance_Program" title="President's Surveillance Program">President's Surveillance Program</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorist_Surveillance_Program" title="Terrorist Surveillance Program">Terrorist Surveillance Program</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dt>Since 2007</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PRISM" title="PRISM">PRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dropmire" title="Dropmire">Dropmire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateroom_(surveillance_program)" title="Stateroom (surveillance program)">Stateroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullrun_(decryption_program)" title="Bullrun (decryption program)">Bullrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MYSTIC_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="MYSTIC (surveillance program)">MYSTIC</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Databases, tools etc.</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PINWALE" class="mw-redirect" title="PINWALE">PINWALE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MARINA" title="MARINA">MARINA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Core" title="Main Core">Main Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAINWAY" title="MAINWAY">MAINWAY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRAFFICTHIEF" title="TRAFFICTHIEF">TRAFFICTHIEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dishfire" title="Dishfire">DISHFIRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XKeyscore" title="XKeyscore">XKeyscore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICREACH" title="ICREACH">ICREACH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boundless_Informant" title="Boundless Informant">BOUNDLESSINFORMANT</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>GCHQ collaboration</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MUSCULAR_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="MUSCULAR (surveillance program)">MUSCULAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempora" title="Tempora">Tempora</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Legislation</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Crime_Control_and_Safe_Streets_Act_of_1968#Wiretaps" title="Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968">Safe Streets Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy_Act_of_1974" title="Privacy Act of 1974">Privacy Act of 1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act">FISA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_Communications_Privacy_Act" title="Electronic Communications Privacy Act">ECPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act">Patriot Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_Security_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Homeland Security Act">Homeland Security Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protect_America_Act_of_2007" title="Protect America Act of 2007">Protect America Act of 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act_of_1978_Amendments_Act_of_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 Amendments Act of 2008">FISA Amendments Act of 2008</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Institutions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court">FISC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Intelligence_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Intelligence Committee">Senate Intelligence Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Lawsuits</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union_v._National_Security_Agency" title="American Civil Liberties Union v. National Security Agency">ACLU v. NSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hepting_v._AT%26T" title="Hepting v. AT&T">Hepting v. AT&T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewel_v._NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewel v. NSA">Jewel v. NSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapper_v._Amnesty_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Clapper v. Amnesty International">Clapper v. Amnesty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klayman_v._Obama" title="Klayman v. Obama">Klayman v. Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACLU_v._Clapper" class="mw-redirect" title="ACLU v. Clapper">ACLU v. Clapper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_v._NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikimedia v. NSA">Wikimedia v. NSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Moalin" title="United States v. Moalin">US v. Moalin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Whistleblowers</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Binney_(U.S._intelligence_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Binney (U.S. intelligence official)">William Binney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Andrews_Drake" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Andrews Drake">Thomas Drake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Klein" title="Mark Klein">Mark Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tamm" title="Thomas Tamm">Thomas Tamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Tice" title="Russ Tice">Russ Tice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Publication</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NSA_warrantless_surveillance_(2001%E2%80%9307)" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–07)">2005 warrantless surveillance scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cablegate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cablegate">Cablegate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Department_of_Justice_investigations_of_reporters" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 Department of Justice investigations of reporters">Surveillance of reporters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_Isolation_Control_and_Tracking" title="Mail Isolation Control and Tracking">Mail tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spying_on_United_Nations_leaders_by_United_States_diplomats" class="mw-redirect" title="Spying on United Nations leaders by United States diplomats">UN diplomatic spying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insider_Threat_Program" title="Insider Threat Program">Insider Threat Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_the_United_States" title="Mass surveillance in the United States">Mass surveillance in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_surveillance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom">Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Signals_intelligence" title="Signals intelligence">SIGINT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">Metadata</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Collaboration</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt>United States</dt></dl> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central Security Service"><img alt="Central Security Service" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg/20px-US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg/30px-US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg/40px-US-CentralSecurityService-Seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="728" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Service" title="Central Security Service">CSS</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Cyber Command"><img alt="United States Cyber Command" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/20px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/30px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="603" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">CYBERCOM</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Department of Justice"><img alt="Department of Justice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/20px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/30px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Justice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">DOJ</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation"><img alt="Federal Bureau of Investigation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/20px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/30px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="699" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation" title="Federal Bureau of Investigation">FBI</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central Intelligence Agency"><img alt="Central Intelligence Agency" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg/20px-Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg/30px-Seal_of_the_Central_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, 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Awareness Office">IAO</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Five_Eyes" title="Five Eyes">Five Eyes</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communications_Security_Establishment_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications Security Establishment Canada">CSEC</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Headquarters" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Communications Headquarters">GCHQ</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Australian_Signals_Directorate" title="Australian Signals Directorate">ASD</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Government_Communications_Security_Bureau" title="Government Communications Security Bureau">GCSB</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt></dl> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Direction_G%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9_Ext%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure">DGSE</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bundesnachrichtendienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Bundesnachrichtendienst">BND</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NSA_surveillance" title="Template:NSA surveillance"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NSA_surveillance" title="Template talk:NSA surveillance"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NSA_surveillance" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NSA surveillance"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>ANT catalog</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or <b>TAO catalog</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Classified_information_in_the_United_States" title="Classified information in the United States">classified</a> product <a href="/wiki/Parts_book" title="Parts book">catalog</a> by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a> (NSA) of which the version written in 2008–2009 was published by German news magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i> in December 2013. Forty-nine catalog pages<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with pictures, diagrams and descriptions of <a href="/wiki/Espionage" title="Espionage">espionage</a> devices and <a href="/wiki/Spyware" title="Spyware">spying software</a> were published. The items are available to the <a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">Tailored Access Operations</a> unit and are mostly targeted at products from US companies such as <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a>. The source is believed to be someone different than <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a>, who is largely responsible for the <a href="/wiki/2010s_global_surveillance_disclosures" title="2010s global surveillance disclosures">global surveillance disclosures during the 2010s</a>. Companies whose products could be compromised have denied any collaboration with the NSA in developing these capabilities. In 2014, a project was started to implement the capabilities from the ANT catalog as <a href="/wiki/Open-source_hardware" title="Open-source hardware">open-source hardware</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">software</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">Tailored Access Operations</a> unit has existed since the late 1990s. Its mission is to collect <a href="/wiki/United_States_intelligence_operations_abroad" title="United States intelligence operations abroad">intelligence on foreign targets of the United States</a> by hacking into computers and telecommunication networks.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been speculated for years before that capabilities like those in the ANT catalog existed.<sup id="cite_ref-derspiegel_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-derspiegel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a> organized a <a href="/wiki/CryptoParty" title="CryptoParty">CryptoParty</a> together with <a href="/wiki/Runa_Sandvik" title="Runa Sandvik">Runa Sandvik</a>, a former colleague of <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum" title="Jacob Appelbaum">Jacob Appelbaum</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Tor_Project" title="The Tor Project">The Tor Project</a>. In June 2013, Snowden took internal NSA documents which he shared with <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Greenwald" title="Glenn Greenwald">Glenn Greenwald</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laura_Poitras" title="Laura Poitras">Laura Poitras</a>, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">global surveillance disclosures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publication">Publication</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Publication"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jacob Appelbaum co-authored the English publication in <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i> with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_St%C3%B6cker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Stöcker (page does not exist)">Christian Stöcker</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_St%C3%B6cker" class="extiw" title="de:Christian Stöcker">de</a>]</span> and Judith Horchert, which was publicized on 29 December 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-derspiegel_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-derspiegel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The related English publication on the same day about the TAO by Der Spiegel was also authored by the same people, and including <a href="/wiki/Laura_Poitras" title="Laura Poitras">Laura Poitras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcel_Rosenbach" title="Marcel Rosenbach">Marcel Rosenbach</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%B6rg_Schindler_(journalist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jörg Schindler (journalist) (page does not exist)">Jörg Schindler</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Schindler_(Journalist)" class="extiw" title="de:Jörg Schindler (Journalist)">de</a>]</span> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Holger_Stark_(journalist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holger Stark (journalist) (page does not exist)">Holger Stark</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holger_Stark_(Journalist)" class="extiw" title="de:Holger Stark (Journalist)">de</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 30, Appelbaum gave a lecture about "the <a href="/wiki/Militarization" title="Militarization">militarization</a> of the Internet" at the 30th <a href="/wiki/Chaos_Communication_Congress" title="Chaos Communication Congress">Chaos Communication Congress</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a>, Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of his talk, he encouraged NSA employees to leak more documents.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Apple denied the allegations that it collaborated on the development of <i>DROPOUTJEEP</i> in a statement to journalist Arik Hesseldahl from <a href="/wiki/All_Things_Digital" title="All Things Digital">All Things Digital</a> (part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a>'</i>s Digital Network).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a></i> questioned how the program developed in later years, since the document was composed in the early period of the iPhone and smartphones in general.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dell denied collaborating with any government in general, including the US government. John Stewart, senior vice president and <a href="/wiki/Chief_security_officer" title="Chief security officer">chief security officer</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cisco" title="Cisco">Cisco</a> stated that they were "deeply concerned and will continue to pursue all avenues to determine if we need to address any new issues." <a href="/wiki/Juniper_Networks" title="Juniper Networks">Juniper</a> stated that they were working actively to address any possible exploit paths. <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a> stated they would take appropriate audits to determine if any compromise had taken place and would communicate if so. NSA declined to comment on the publication by <i>Der Spiegel</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Schneier" title="Bruce Schneier">Bruce Schneier</a> wrote about the tools on his blog in a series titled "NSA Exploit of the Week". He stated that because of this, his website got blocked by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Source">Source</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Source"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both <i>Der Spiegel</i> and Appelbaum have played an inportant role in the leaks of Edward Snowden, but neither clarified if the ANT catalog came from him.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The source who leaked the ANT catalog to them is unknown as of 2024. </p><p>Officials at the NSA did not believe that the <a href="/wiki/Web_crawler" title="Web crawler">web crawler</a> used by Snowden touched the ANT catalog and started looking for other people who could have leaked the catalog.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Author <a href="/wiki/James_Bamford" title="James Bamford">James Bamford</a>, who is specialized in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Intelligence_Community" title="United States Intelligence Community">United States intelligence agencies</a>, noted in a 2016 <a href="/wiki/Commentary_article" title="Commentary article">commentary article</a> that Appelbaum has not identified the source who leaked the ANT catalog to him, which led people to mistakenly assume it was Edward Snowden. Bamford got unrestricted access to the documents cache from <a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a> and could not find any references to the ANT catalog using automated search tools, thereby concluding that the documents were not leaked by him.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Security expert <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Schneier" title="Bruce Schneier">Bruce Schneier</a> has stated on his blog that he also believes the ANT catalog did not come from Snowden, but from a second leaker.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Content">Content</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The published catalog pages were written between 2008 and 2009. The price of the items ranged from free up to $250,000. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"> <caption>Capabilities in the ANT catalog </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="unsortable">Page </th> <th scope="col">Code name </th> <th scope="col" class="unsortable" style="width:40em">Description<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Unit price in US$<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="CANDYGRAM"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg/50px-NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg/75px-NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg/100px-NSA_CANDYGRAM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>CANDYGRAM</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tripwire" title="Tripwire">Tripwire</a> device that emulates a <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> cellphone tower.</td> <td>40,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="COTTONMOUTH-I"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg/50px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg/75px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg/100px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>COTTONMOUTH-I</td> <td>Family of modified USB and Ethernet connectors that can be used to install <a href="/wiki/Trojan_horse_(computing)" title="Trojan horse (computing)">Trojan horse</a> software and work as <a href="/wiki/Wireless_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Wireless bridge">wireless bridges</a>, providing covert remote access to the target machine. COTTONMOUTH-I is a USB plug that uses TRINITY as digital core and HOWLERMONKEY as RF transceiver.</td> <td>20,300 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="COTTONMOUTH-II"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg/50px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg/75px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg/100px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>COTTONMOUTH-II</td> <td>Can be deployed in a USB socket (rather than plug), and, but requires further integration in the target machine to turn into a deployed system.</td> <td>4,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="COTTONMOUTH-III"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg/50px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg/75px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg/100px-NSA_COTTONMOUTH-III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>COTTONMOUTH-III</td> <td>Stacked Ethernet and USB plug</td> <td>24,960 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="CROSSBEAM"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg/50px-NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg/75px-NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg/100px-NSA_CROSSBEAM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>CROSSBEAM</td> <td>GSM communications module capable of collecting and compressing voice data</td> <td>4,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="CTX4000"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_CTX4000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NSA_CTX4000.jpg/50px-NSA_CTX4000.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NSA_CTX4000.jpg/75px-NSA_CTX4000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/NSA_CTX4000.jpg/100px-NSA_CTX4000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>CTX4000</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Continuous_wave" title="Continuous wave">Continuous wave</a> radar device that can "illuminate" a target system for recovery of "off net" information.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="CYCLONE-Hx9"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg/50px-NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg/75px-NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg/100px-NSA_CYCLONE_Hx9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>CYCLONE-HX9</td> <td>GSM Base Station Router as a <a href="/wiki/Network-In-a-Box" title="Network-In-a-Box">Network-In-a-Box</a></td> <td>70,000<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="DEITYBOUNCE"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg/50px-NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg/75px-NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg/100px-NSA_DEITYBOUNCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>DEITYBOUNCE</td> <td>Technology that installs a <a href="/wiki/Backdoor_(computing)" title="Backdoor (computing)">backdoor</a> software implant on <a href="/wiki/Dell" title="Dell">Dell</a> <a href="/wiki/PowerEdge" title="PowerEdge">PowerEdge</a> servers via the motherboard BIOS and RAID controller(s).</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="DROPOUTJEEP"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg/50px-NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg/75px-NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg/100px-NSA_DROPOUTJEEP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>DROPOUTJEEP</td> <td>"A software implant for the Apple iPhone that utilizes modular mission applications to provide specific SIGINT functionality. This functionality includes the ability to remotely push/pull files from the device. SMS retrieval, contact list retrieval, voicemail, geolocation, hot mic, camera capture, cell tower location, etc. Command, control and data exfiltration can occur over SMS messaging or a GPRS data connection. All communications with the implant will be covert and encrypted."</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="ESBR"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_EBSR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NSA_EBSR.jpg/50px-NSA_EBSR.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NSA_EBSR.jpg/75px-NSA_EBSR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NSA_EBSR.jpg/100px-NSA_EBSR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>EBSR</td> <td>Tri-band active GSM base station with internal 802.11/GPS/handset capability</td> <td>40,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="ENTOURAGE"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg/50px-NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg/75px-NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg/100px-NSA_ENTOURAGE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>ENTOURAGE</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Direction_finding" title="Direction finding">Direction finding</a> application for <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a>, <a href="/wiki/UMTS" title="UMTS">UMTS</a>, <a href="/wiki/CDMA2000" title="CDMA2000">CDMA2000</a> and <a href="/wiki/Family_Radio_Service" title="Family Radio Service">FRS</a> signals</td> <td>70,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="FEEDTROUGH"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg/50px-NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg/75px-NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg/100px-NSA_FEEDTROUGH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>FEEDTROUGH</td> <td>Software that can penetrate Juniper Networks firewalls allowing other NSA-deployed software to be installed on mainframe computers.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="FIREWALK"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_FIREWALK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/NSA_FIREWALK.jpg/50px-NSA_FIREWALK.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/NSA_FIREWALK.jpg/75px-NSA_FIREWALK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/NSA_FIREWALK.jpg/100px-NSA_FIREWALK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>FIREWALK</td> <td>Device that looks identical to a standard <a href="/wiki/RJ45_(telecommunications)" class="mw-redirect" title="RJ45 (telecommunications)">RJ45</a> socket that allows data to be injected, or monitored and transmitted via radio technology. using the HOWLERMONKEY RF transceiver. It can for instance create a <a href="/wiki/VPN" class="mw-redirect" title="VPN">VPN</a> to the target computer.</td> <td>10,740 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="GENESIS"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_GENESIS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/NSA_GENESIS.jpg/50px-NSA_GENESIS.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/NSA_GENESIS.jpg/75px-NSA_GENESIS.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/NSA_GENESIS.jpg/100px-NSA_GENESIS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>GENESIS</td> <td>GSM handset with added <a href="/wiki/Software-defined_radio" title="Software-defined radio">software-defined radio</a> features to record the <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequency</a> spectrum</td> <td>15,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="GODSURGE"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_GODSURGE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/NSA_GODSURGE.jpg/50px-NSA_GODSURGE.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/NSA_GODSURGE.jpg/75px-NSA_GODSURGE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/NSA_GODSURGE.jpg/100px-NSA_GODSURGE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>GODSURGE</td> <td>Software implant for a JTAG bus device named FLUXBABBITT which is added to Dell PowerEdge servers during interdiction. GODSURGE installs an implant upon system boot-up using the FLUXBABBITT JTAG interface to the Xeon series CPU.</td> <td>500<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="GINSU"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_GINSU.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/NSA_GINSU.jpg/50px-NSA_GINSU.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/NSA_GINSU.jpg/75px-NSA_GINSU.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/NSA_GINSU.jpg/100px-NSA_GINSU.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>GINSU</td> <td>Technology that uses a PCI bus device in a computer, and can reinstall itself upon system boot-up.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="GOPHERSET"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg/50px-NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg/75px-NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg/100px-NSA_GOPHERSET.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>GOPHERSET</td> <td>GSM software that uses a phone's SIM card's API (SIM Toolkit or STK) to control the phone through remotely sent commands.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="GOURMETTROUGH"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg/50px-NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg/75px-NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg/100px-NSA_GOURMETTROUGH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>GOURMETTROUGH</td> <td>User-configurable persistence implant for certain Juniper Networks firewalls.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="HALLUXWATER"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg/50px-NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg/75px-NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg/100px-NSA_HALLUXWATER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>HALLUXWATER</td> <td>Back door exploit for Huawei Eudemon firewalls.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="HEADWATER"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_HEADWATER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/NSA_HEADWATER.jpg/50px-NSA_HEADWATER.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/NSA_HEADWATER.jpg/75px-NSA_HEADWATER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/NSA_HEADWATER.jpg/100px-NSA_HEADWATER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>HEADWATER</td> <td>Persistent backdoor technology that can install spyware using a <a href="/wiki/Quantum_insert" class="mw-redirect" title="Quantum insert">quantum insert</a> capable of infecting spyware at a packet level on <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a> routers.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="HOWLERMONKEY"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg/50px-NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg/75px-NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg/100px-NSA_HOWLERMONKEY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>HOWLERMONKEY</td> <td>A <a href="/wiki/RF" class="mw-redirect" title="RF">RF</a> transceiver that makes it possible (in conjunction with digital processors and various implanting methods) to extract data from systems or allow them to be controlled remotely.</td> <td>750<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="IRATEMONK"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg/50px-NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg/75px-NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg/100px-NSA_IRATEMONK.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>IRATEMONK</td> <td>Technology that can infiltrate the firmware of hard drives manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Maxtor" title="Maxtor">Maxtor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samsung" title="Samsung">Samsung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seagate_Technology" title="Seagate Technology">Seagate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Western_Digital" title="Western Digital">Western Digital</a>.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="IRONCHEF"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg/50px-NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg/75px-NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg/100px-NSA_IRONCHEF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>IRONCHEF</td> <td>Technology that can "infect" networks by installing itself in a computer I/O <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>. IRONCHEF includes also "Straitbizarre" and "Unitedrake" which have been linked to the spy software <a href="/wiki/Regin_(malware)" title="Regin (malware)">REGIN</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="JUNIORMINT"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg/50px-NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg/75px-NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg/100px-NSA_JUNIORMINT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>JUNIORMINT</td> <td>Implant based on an <a href="/wiki/ARM9" title="ARM9">ARM9</a> core and an <a href="/wiki/Field-programmable_gate_array" title="Field-programmable gate array">FPGA</a>.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="JETPLOW"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_JETPLOW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/NSA_JETPLOW.jpg/50px-NSA_JETPLOW.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/NSA_JETPLOW.jpg/75px-NSA_JETPLOW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/NSA_JETPLOW.jpg/100px-NSA_JETPLOW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>JETPLOW</td> <td>Firmware that can be implanted to create a permanent backdoor in a <a href="/wiki/Cisco_PIX" title="Cisco PIX">Cisco PIX</a> series and <a href="/wiki/Cisco_ASA" title="Cisco ASA">ASA</a> firewalls.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="LOUDAUTO"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg/50px-NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg/75px-NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg/100px-NSA_LOUDAUTO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>LOUDAUTO</td> <td>Audio-based RF retro-reflector listening device.</td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="MAESTRO-II"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg/50px-NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg/75px-NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg/100px-NSA_MAESTRO-II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>MAESTRO-II</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Multi-chip_module" title="Multi-chip module">Multi-chip module</a> approximately the size of a dime that serves as the hardware core of several other products. The module contains a 66 MHz <a href="/wiki/ARM7" title="ARM7">ARM7</a> processor, 4 MB of flash, 8 MB of RAM, and a <a href="/wiki/FPGA" class="mw-redirect" title="FPGA">FPGA</a> with 500,000 gates. It replaces the previous generation modules which were based on the <a href="/wiki/HC12" class="mw-redirect" title="HC12">HC12</a> microcontroller.</td> <td>3,000<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="MONKEYCALENDAR"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg/50px-NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg/75px-NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg/100px-NSA_MONKEYCALENDAR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>MONKEYCALENDAR</td> <td>Software that transmits a mobile phone's location by hidden text message.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="NEBULA"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_NEBULA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_NEBULA.jpg/50px-NSA_NEBULA.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_NEBULA.jpg/75px-NSA_NEBULA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/NSA_NEBULA.jpg/100px-NSA_NEBULA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>NEBULA</td> <td>Multi-protocol network-in-a-box system.</td> <td>250,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="NIGHTSTAND"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg/50px-NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg/75px-NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg/100px-NSA_NIGHTSTAND.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>NIGHTSTAND</td> <td>Portable system that installs Microsoft Windows exploits from a distance of up to eight miles over a wireless connection.</td> <td>N/A<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="NIGHTWATCH"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg/50px-NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg/75px-NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg/100px-NSA_NIGHTWATCH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>NIGHTWATCH</td> <td>Portable computer used to reconstruct and display video data from VAGRANT signals; used in conjunction with a radar source like the CTX4000 to illuminate the target in order to receive data from it.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="PICASSO"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_PICASSO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/NSA_PICASSO.jpg/50px-NSA_PICASSO.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/NSA_PICASSO.jpg/75px-NSA_PICASSO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/NSA_PICASSO.jpg/100px-NSA_PICASSO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>PICASSO</td> <td>Software that can collect mobile phone location data, call metadata, access the phone's microphone to eavesdrop on nearby conversations.</td> <td>2,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="PHOTOANGLO"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg/50px-NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg/75px-NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg/100px-NSA_PHOTOANGLO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>PHOTOANGLO</td> <td>A joint NSA/GCHQ project to develop a radar system to replace CTX4000.</td> <td>40,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="RAGEMASTER"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg/50px-NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg/75px-NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg/100px-NSA_RAGEMASTER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>RAGEMASTER</td> <td>A concealed device that taps the video signal from a target's computer's <a href="/wiki/VGA" class="mw-redirect" title="VGA">VGA</a> signal output so the NSA can see what is on a targeted desktop monitor. It is powered by a remote radar and responds by modulating the VGA red signal (which is also sent out most <a href="/wiki/DVI" class="mw-redirect" title="DVI">DVI</a> ports) into the RF signal it re-radiates; this method of transmission is codenamed VAGRANT. RAGEMASTER is usually installed/concealed in the <a href="/wiki/Ferrite_choke" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrite choke">ferrite choke</a> of the target cable. The original documents are dated 2008-07-24. Several receiver/demodulating devices are available, e.g. NIGHTWATCH.</td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SCHOOLMONTANA"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg/50px-NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg/75px-NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg/100px-NSA_SCHOOLMONTANA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SCHOOLMONTANA</td> <td>Software that makes DNT<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> implants persistent on <a href="/wiki/JUNOS" class="mw-redirect" title="JUNOS">JUNOS</a>-based (<a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>-variant) J-series routers/firewalls.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SIERRAMONTANA"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg/50px-NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg/75px-NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg/100px-NSA_SIERRAMONTANA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SIERRAMONTANA</td> <td>Software that makes DNT implants persistent on JUNOS-based M-series routers/firewalls.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="STUCCOMONTANA"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg/50px-NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg/75px-NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg/100px-NSA_STUCCOMONTANA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>STUCCOMONTANA</td> <td>Software that makes DNT implants persistent on JUNOS-based T-series routers/firewalls.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SOMBERKNAVE"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg/50px-NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg/75px-NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg/100px-NSA_SOMBERKNAVE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SOMBERKNAVE</td> <td>Software that can be implanted on a <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a> system allowing it to be remotely controlled from NSA headquarters.</td> <td>50,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SOUFFLETROUGH"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg/50px-NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg/75px-NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg/100px-NSA_SOUFFLETROUGH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SOUFFLETROUGH</td> <td>BIOS injection software that can compromise Juniper Networks SSG300 and SSG500 series firewalls.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SPARROW-II"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg/50px-NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg/75px-NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg/100px-NSA_SPARROW_II.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SPARROW II</td> <td>A small computer intended to be used for <a href="/wiki/WLAN" class="mw-redirect" title="WLAN">WLAN</a> collection, including from <a href="/wiki/UAV" class="mw-redirect" title="UAV">UAVs</a>. Hardware: IBM <a href="/wiki/Power_PC" class="mw-redirect" title="Power PC">Power PC</a> 405GPR processor, 64 MB SDRAM, 16 MB of built-inflash, 4 <a href="/wiki/Mini_PCI" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini PCI">mini PCI</a> slots, <a href="/wiki/CompactFlash" title="CompactFlash">CompactFlash</a> slot, and 802.11 B/G hardware. Running <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> 2.4 and the BLINDDATE software suite. Unit price (2008): $6K.</td> <td>6,000 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SURLYSPAWN"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg/50px-NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg/75px-NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg/100px-NSA_SURLYSPAWN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SURLYSPAWN</td> <td>Keystroke monitor technology that can be used on remote computers that are not internet connected.</td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="SWAP"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_SWAP.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/NSA_SWAP.jpg/50px-NSA_SWAP.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/NSA_SWAP.jpg/75px-NSA_SWAP.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/NSA_SWAP.jpg/100px-NSA_SWAP.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>SWAP</td> <td>Technology that can reflash the BIOS of multiprocessor systems that run <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solaris_(operating_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solaris (operating system)">Solaris</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a>.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="TAWDRYYARD"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg/50px-NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg/75px-NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg/100px-NSA_TAWDRYYARD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>TAWDRYYARD</td> <td>Radio frequency <a href="/wiki/Retroreflector" title="Retroreflector">retroreflector</a> to provide location information.</td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="TOTECHASER"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg/50px-NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg/75px-NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg/100px-NSA_TOTECHASER.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>TOTECHASER</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact" title="Windows Embedded Compact">Windows CE</a> implant for extracting call logs, contact lists and other information.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="TOTEGHOSTLY"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg/50px-NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg/75px-NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg/100px-NSA_TOTEGHOSTLY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>TOTEGHOSTLY</td> <td>Software that can be implanted on a Windows mobile phone allowing full remote control.</td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="TRINITY"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_TRINITY.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSA_TRINITY.jpg/50px-NSA_TRINITY.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSA_TRINITY.jpg/75px-NSA_TRINITY.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/NSA_TRINITY.jpg/100px-NSA_TRINITY.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>TRINITY</td> <td>Multi-chip module using a 180 MHz <a href="/wiki/ARM9" title="ARM9">ARM9</a> processor, 4 MB of flash, 96 MB of SDRAM, and a FPGA with 1 million gates. Smaller than a penny.</td> <td>6,250<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>j<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="TYPHON_HX"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg/50px-NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg/75px-NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg/100px-NSA_TYPHON_HX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>TYPHON HX</td> <td>Network-in-a-box for a GSM network with signaling and call control.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr class="anchor" id="WATERWITCH"> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg/50px-NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg/75px-NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg/100px-NSA_WATERWITCH.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>WATERWITCH</td> <td>A portable "finishing tool" that allows the operator to find the precise location of a nearby mobile phone.</td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="anchor" id="WISTFULTOLL"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg/50px-NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg/75px-NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg/100px-NSA_WISTFULTOLL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1035" /></a></span></td> <td>WISTFULTOLL</td> <td>Plugin for collecting information from targets using <a href="/wiki/Windows_Management_Instrumentation" title="Windows Management Instrumentation">Windows Management Instrumentation</a></td> <td>0 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Follow-up_developments">Follow-up developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Follow-up developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Security expert <a href="/wiki/Matt_Suiche" title="Matt Suiche">Matt Suiche</a> noted that the software exploits leaked by the <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Brokers" class="mw-redirect" title="Shadow Brokers">Shadow Brokers</a> could be seen as genuine because it matched with names from the ANT catalog.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> John Bumgarner has stated to <a href="/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum">IEEE Spectrum</a> that US government suspicion of <a href="/wiki/Huawei" title="Huawei">Huawei</a> is based on its own ability to add backdoors as shown in the ANT catalog.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NSA_Playset">NSA Playset</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: NSA Playset"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NSA Playset is an open-source project inspired by the NSA ANT catalog to create more accessible and easy to use tools for security researchers.<sup id="cite_ref-motherboard_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motherboard-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the surveillance tools can be recreated with off-the-shelf or <a href="/wiki/Open-source_hardware" title="Open-source hardware">open-source hardware</a> and <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">software</a>. Thus far, the NSA Playset consists of fourteen items, for which the code and instructions can be found online on the project's homepage. After the initial leak, Michael Ossman, the founder of Great Scott Gadgets, gave a shout out to other security researchers to start working on the tools mentioned in the catalog and to recreate them. The name NSA Playset came originally from Dean Pierce, who is also a contributor (TWILIGHTVEGETABLE(<a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a>)) to the NSA Playset. Anyone is invited to join and contribute their own device. The requisites for an addition to the NSA Playset is a similar or already existing NSA ANT project, ease of use and a silly name (based on the original tool's name if possible). The silly name requisite is a rule that Michael Ossman himself came up with and an example is given on the project's website: "For example, if your project is similar to FOXACID, maybe you could call it COYOTEMETH." The ease of use part stems also from the NSA Playset's motto: "If a 10 year old can't do it, it doesn't count!"<sup id="cite_ref-motherboard_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motherboard-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-zdnet_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zdnet-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mossman_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mossman-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-techlab_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techlab-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="width:40em">Description<sup id="cite_ref-techlab_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techlab-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td>TWILIGHTVEGETABLE</td> <td>a <a href="/wiki/Boot_image" title="Boot image">boot image</a> for <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> communication monitoring. </td></tr> <tr> <td>LEVITICUS</td> <td>a hand held <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a> frequency analyzer disguised as a <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a> phone; named after GENESIS. </td></tr> <tr> <td>DRIZZLECHAIR</td> <td>a hard drive with all the needed tools to crack <a href="/wiki/A5/1" title="A5/1">A5/1</a> including the <a href="/wiki/Rainbow_table" title="Rainbow table">rainbow tables</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>PORCUPINEMASQUERADE</td> <td>a passive <a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a> reconnaissance drone. </td></tr> <tr> <td>KEYSWEEPER</td> <td>a <a href="/wiki/Keystroke_logging" title="Keystroke logging">keylogger</a> in form of a <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> wall charger, that wirelessly and passively sniffs, decrypts, logs and reports back (over <a href="/wiki/GSM" title="GSM">GSM</a>). </td></tr> <tr> <td>SLOTSCREAMER</td> <td>a <a href="/wiki/Conventional_PCI" class="mw-redirect" title="Conventional PCI">PCI</a> hardware implant, which can access memory and IO. </td></tr> <tr> <td>ADAPTERNOODLE</td> <td>a <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> exploitation device. </td></tr> <tr> <td>CHUKWAGON</td> <td>uses a pin on a computer's <a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">VGA</a> port to attack via the <a href="/wiki/I%C2%B2C" title="I²C">I²C</a> bus accessing the computer's operating system. </td></tr> <tr> <td>TURNIPSCHOOL</td> <td>a hardware implant concealed in a <a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> cable which provides short range <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequency</a> communication capability to software running on the host computer. </td></tr> <tr> <td>BLINKERCOUGH</td> <td>a hardware implant that is embedded in a <a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">VGA</a> cable which allows data exfiltration. </td></tr> <tr> <td>SAVIORBURST</td> <td>a hardware implant exploiting the <a href="/wiki/JTAG" title="JTAG">JTAG</a> interface for software application persistence; named after GODSURGE. FLUXBABBIT is replaced by SOLDERPEEK. </td></tr> <tr> <td>CACTUSTUTU</td> <td>Portable system that enables wireless installation of Microsoft Windows exploits; covers NIGHTSTAND. </td></tr> <tr> <td>TINYALAMO</td> <td>software that targets <a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_Low_Energy" title="Bluetooth Low Energy">BLE</a> (Bluetooth Low Energy) and allows keystroke surveillance (<a href="/wiki/Keystroke_logging" title="Keystroke logging">keylogger</a>) and injection. </td></tr> <tr> <td>CONGAFLOCK</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">Radio frequency</a> <a href="/wiki/Retroreflector" title="Retroreflector">retroreflector</a> intended for experimentation. Intended use would be the implantation into a cable and data exfiltration based on radio reflectivity of the device.(FLAMENCOFLOCK (<a href="/wiki/PS/2_port" title="PS/2 port">PS/2</a>), TANGOFLOCK (<a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a>), SALSAFLOCK (<a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">VGA</a>) are <a href="/wiki/Retroreflector" title="Retroreflector">retroreflectors</a> with specific interfaces to test data exfiltration.) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyberwarfare_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyberwarfare in the United States">Cyberwarfare in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equation_Group" title="Equation Group">Equation Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MiniPanzer_and_MegaPanzer" title="MiniPanzer and MegaPanzer">MiniPanzer and MegaPanzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WARRIOR_PRIDE" title="WARRIOR PRIDE">WARRIOR PRIDE</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whether ANT stands for Advanced Network Technology or Access Network Technology is not known.<sup id="cite_ref-derspiegel_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-derspiegel-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The article from Der Spiegel notes that it is a "50-page document" and that "nearly 50 pages" are published. The gallery contains 49 pages. <i>Der Spiegel</i> also noted that the document is likely far from complete.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">If the price is listed in bulk, a calculation is made to get the unit price</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For two months</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Including installation costs</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">When ordering 25 units, the price per item is US$1000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Up to 4,000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Varies from platform to platform</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Data Network Technologies, a division of the <a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">Tailored Access Operations</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">100 units for 625,000</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-derspiegel-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-derspiegel_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-derspiegel_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-derspiegel_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAppelbaumHorchertStöcker2013" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Appelbaum" title="Jacob Appelbaum">Appelbaum, Jacob</a>; Horchert, Judith; Stöcker, Christian (2013-12-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/catalog-reveals-nsa-has-back-doors-for-numerous-devices-a-940994.html">"Catalog Advertises NSA Toolbox"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Spiegel" title="Der Spiegel">Der Spiegel</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2195-1349">2195-1349</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140104003518/https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/catalog-reveals-nsa-has-back-doors-for-numerous-devices-a-940994.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-01-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Unit+Offers+Spy+Gadgets+for+Every+Need&rft.date=2013-12-30&rft.issn=2195-1349&rft.aulast=Appelbaum&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fworld%2Fnsa-secret-toolbox-ant-unit-offers-spy-gadgets-for-every-need-a-941006.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAid" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Aid" title="Matthew Aid">Aid, Matthew M.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/06/10/inside-the-nsas-ultra-secret-china-hacking-group/">"Inside the NSA's Ultra-Secret China Hacking Group"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Policy" title="Foreign Policy">Foreign Policy</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220212231030/https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/06/10/inside-the-nsas-ultra-secret-china-hacking-group/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-02-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=Inside+the+NSA%27s+Ultra-Secret+China+Hacking+Group&rft.aulast=Aid&rft.aufirst=Matthew+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2013%2F06%2F10%2Finside-the-nsas-ultra-secret-china-hacking-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelley" class="citation web cs1">Kelley, Michael B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/snowden-took-level-1-and-level-3-documents-2014-8">"We Now Know A Lot More About Edward Snowden's Epic Heist — And It's Troubling"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220406152752/https://www.businessinsider.com/snowden-took-level-1-and-level-3-documents-2014-8">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ccc.de&rft.atitle=Vortrag%3A+To+Protect+And+Infect%2C+Part+2+-+The+militarization+of+the+Internet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffahrplan.events.ccc.de%2Fcongress%2F2013%2FFahrplan%2Fevents%2F5713.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStorm2014" class="citation web cs1">Storm, Darlene (3 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.computerworld.com/article/2474275/17-exploits-the-nsa-uses-to-hack-pcs--routers-and-servers-for-surveillance.html">"17 exploits the NSA uses to hack PCs, routers and servers for surveillance"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Computerworld" title="Computerworld">Computerworld</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211218171948/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2474275/17-exploits-the-nsa-uses-to-hack-pcs--routers-and-servers-for-surveillance.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Computerworld&rft.atitle=17+exploits+the+NSA+uses+to+hack+PCs%2C+routers+and+servers+for+surveillance&rft.date=2014-01-03&rft.aulast=Storm&rft.aufirst=Darlene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerworld.com%2Farticle%2F2474275%2F17-exploits-the-nsa-uses-to-hack-pcs--routers-and-servers-for-surveillance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHesseldahl" class="citation web cs1">Hesseldahl, Arik. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allthingsd.com/20131231/apple-says-it-is-unaware-of-nsas-iphone-backdoor/">"Apple Denies Working with NSA on iPhone Backdoor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AllThingsD" class="mw-redirect" title="AllThingsD">AllThingsD</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224211934/https://allthingsd.com/20131231/apple-says-it-is-unaware-of-nsas-iphone-backdoor/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllThingsD&rft.atitle=Apple+Denies+Working+with+NSA+on+iPhone+Backdoor&rft.aulast=Hesseldahl&rft.aufirst=Arik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallthingsd.com%2F20131231%2Fapple-says-it-is-unaware-of-nsas-iphone-backdoor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2013" class="citation web cs1">Robertson, Adi (2013-12-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2013/12/31/5260990/apple-denies-any-knowledge-of-nsas-iphone-surveillance-implant">"Apple denies any knowledge of NSA's iPhone surveillance implant"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211218173441/https://www.theverge.com/2013/12/31/5260990/apple-denies-any-knowledge-of-nsas-iphone-surveillance-implant">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Apple+denies+any+knowledge+of+NSA%27s+iPhone+surveillance+implant&rft.date=2013-12-31&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=Adi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2013%2F12%2F31%2F5260990%2Fapple-denies-any-knowledge-of-nsas-iphone-surveillance-implant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBentSpring2013" class="citation web cs1">Bent, Kristin; Spring, Tom (2013-12-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.crn.com/news/security/240165053/dell-cisco-deeply-concerned-over-nsa-backdoor-exploit-allegations.htm">"Dell, Cisco 'Deeply Concerned' Over NSA Backdoor Exploit Allegations"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CRN_(magazine)" title="CRN (magazine)">CRN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220407000231/https://www.crn.com/news/security/240165053/dell-cisco-deeply-concerned-over-nsa-backdoor-exploit-allegations.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CRN&rft.atitle=Dell%2C+Cisco+%27Deeply+Concerned%27+Over+NSA+Backdoor+Exploit+Allegations&rft.date=2013-12-30&rft.aulast=Bent&rft.aufirst=Kristin&rft.au=Spring%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.crn.com%2Fnews%2Fsecurity%2F240165053%2Fdell-cisco-deeply-concerned-over-nsa-backdoor-exploit-allegations.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrell2023" class="citation cs1">Farrell, Stephen (July 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9446#section-2">"Bruce Schneier: Snowden Ten Years Later"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9446"><i>Reflections on Ten Years Past The Snowden Revelations</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">Internet Engineering Task Force</a>. sec. 2. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17487%2FRFC9446">10.17487/RFC9446</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Request_for_Comments" title="Request for Comments">RFC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9446">9446</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spiegel+Online&rft.atitle=Trojaner+Regin+ist+ein+Werkzeug+von+NSA+und+GCHQ&rft.date=2014-11-25&rft.aulast=St%C3%B6cker&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Rosenbach%2C+Marcel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Fnetzwelt%2Fnetzpolitik%2Ftrojaner-regin-ist-ein-werkzeug-von-nsa-und-gchq-a-1004950.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHackett" class="citation web cs1">Hackett, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fortune.com/2016/08/16/nsa-hack-auction-shadow-brokers-cyber-weapons/">"Hackers Have Allegedly Stolen NSA-Linked 'Cyber Weapons' and Are Auctioning Them Off"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211218184119/https://fortune.com/2016/08/16/nsa-hack-auction-shadow-brokers-cyber-weapons/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fortune&rft.atitle=Hackers+Have+Allegedly+Stolen+NSA-Linked+%27Cyber+Weapons%27+and+Are+Auctioning+Them+Off&rft.aulast=Hackett&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffortune.com%2F2016%2F08%2F16%2Fnsa-hack-auction-shadow-brokers-cyber-weapons%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHsu2014" class="citation web cs1">Hsu, Jeremy (2014-03-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spectrum.ieee.org/us-suspicions-of-chinas-huawei-based-partly-on-nsas-own-spy-tricks">"U.S. Suspicions of China's Huawei Based Partly on NSA's Own Spy Tricks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Spectrum" title="IEEE Spectrum">IEEE Spectrum</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221103136/https://spectrum.ieee.org/us-suspicions-of-chinas-huawei-based-partly-on-nsas-own-spy-tricks">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Spectrum&rft.atitle=U.S.+Suspicions+of+China%27s+Huawei+Based+Partly+on+NSA%27s+Own+Spy+Tricks&rft.date=2014-03-26&rft.aulast=Hsu&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspectrum.ieee.org%2Fus-suspicions-of-chinas-huawei-based-partly-on-nsas-own-spy-tricks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-motherboard-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-motherboard_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-motherboard_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLucy_Teitler2014" class="citation web cs1">Lucy Teitler (November 17, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/michael-ossmann-and-the-nsa-playset">"Let's Play NSA! The Hackers Open-Sourcing Top Secret Spy Tools"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_Motherboard" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Motherboard">Vice Motherboard</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170225030520/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/michael-ossmann-and-the-nsa-playset">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Let%27s+Play+NSA%21+The+Hackers+Open-Sourcing+Top+Secret+Spy+Tools&rft.pub=Vice+Motherboard&rft.date=2014-11-17&rft.au=Lucy+Teitler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmotherboard.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fmichael-ossmann-and-the-nsa-playset&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zdnet-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-zdnet_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViolet_Blue2014" class="citation web cs1">Violet Blue (June 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdnet.com/article/nsa-playset-invites-hackers-to-play-along-with-the-nsa/">"NSA Playset invites hackers to 'play along with the NSA'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ZDNet" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDNet">ZDNet</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170619034523/http://www.zdnet.com/article/nsa-playset-invites-hackers-to-play-along-with-the-nsa/">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NSA+Playset+invites+hackers+to+%27play+along+with+the+NSA%27&rft.pub=ZDNet&rft.date=2014-06-11&rft.au=Violet+Blue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdnet.com%2Farticle%2Fnsa-playset-invites-hackers-to-play-along-with-the-nsa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mossman-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mossman_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Ossmann2014" class="citation web cs1">Michael Ossmann (July 31, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ossmann.blogspot.co.at/2014/07/the-nsa-playset.html">"The NSA Playset"</a>. Mossman's blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171228171520/http://ossmann.blogspot.co.at/2014/07/the-nsa-playset.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+NSA+Playset&rft.pub=Mossman%27s+blog&rft.date=2014-07-31&rft.au=Michael+Ossmann&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fossmann.blogspot.co.at%2F2014%2F07%2Fthe-nsa-playset.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-techlab-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-techlab_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-techlab_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSean_Gallagher2015" class="citation web cs1">Sean Gallagher (August 11, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/08/the-nsa-playset-espionage-tools-for-the-rest-of-us/">"The NSA Playset: Espionage tools for the rest of us"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170922083309/https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2015/08/the-nsa-playset-espionage-tools-for-the-rest-of-us/">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+NSA+Playset%3A+Espionage+tools+for+the+rest+of+us&rft.pub=Ars+Technica&rft.date=2015-08-11&rft.au=Sean+Gallagher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Finformation-technology%2F2015%2F08%2Fthe-nsa-playset-espionage-tools-for-the-rest-of-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151012/http://www.nsaplayset.org/">"NSA Playset homepage"</a>. <i>www.nsaplayset.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsaplayset.org/">the original</a> on 2023-01-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nsaplayset.org&rft.atitle=NSA+Playset+homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsaplayset.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoop" class="citation web cs1">Koop, Peter. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electrospaces.net/2015/12/leaked-documents-that-were-not.html">"Leaked documents that were not attributed to Snowden"</a>. Electrospaces.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224174558/https://www.electrospaces.net/2015/12/leaked-documents-that-were-not.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leaked+documents+that+were+not+attributed+to+Snowden&rft.pub=Electrospaces.net&rft.aulast=Koop&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.electrospaces.net%2F2015%2F12%2Fleaked-documents-that-were-not.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AANT+catalog" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ANT_catalog&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:NSA_ANT" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:NSA ANT">NSA ANT</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsaplayset.org/">NSA Playset wiki</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130151012/http://www.nsaplayset.org/">Archived</a> 2023-01-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Ossmann-The-NSA-Playset-A-Year-Of-Toys-And-Tools.pdf">The NSA Playset a Year of toys and tools</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120035708/https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Ossmann-The-NSA-Playset-A-Year-Of-Toys-And-Tools.pdf">Archived</a> 2022-01-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at Black Hat 2015</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ossmann.com/ossmann-pierce-toorcamp2014.pdf">NSA Playset</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211218171948/http://ossmann.com/ossmann-pierce-toorcamp2014.pdf">Archived</a> 2021-12-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at Toorcamp 2014</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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Service">CSSG</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dorsey_Road_Warehouse" title="Dorsey Road Warehouse">Dorsey Road</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dagger_Complex" title="Dagger Complex">European Cryptologic Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/European_Technical_Center" title="European Technical Center">European Technical Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Meade" title="Fort Meade">Fort Meade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Friendship_Annex" title="Friendship Annex">Friendship Annex</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Cryptologic_Center" title="Georgia Cryptologic Center">Georgia Cryptologic Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Cryptologic_Center" title="Hawaii Cryptologic Center">Hawaii Cryptologic Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Interagency_Training_Center" title="Interagency Training Center">Interagency Training Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kent_Island_Research_Facility" title="Kent Island Research Facility">Kent Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Misawa_Security_Operations_Center" title="Misawa Security Operations Center">Misawa Security Operations Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Multiprogram_Research_Facility" title="Multiprogram Research Facility">Multiprogram Research Facility</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pine_Gap" title="Pine Gap">Pine Gap</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/RAF_Menwith_Hill" title="RAF Menwith Hill">RAF Menwith Hill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roaring_Creek_Station" title="Roaring Creek Station">Roaring Creek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Room_641A" title="Room 641A">Room 641A</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Salt_Creek_Station" title="Salt Creek Station">Salt Creek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sugar_Grove_Station" title="Sugar Grove Station">Sugar Grove</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Texas_Cryptologic_Center" title="Texas Cryptologic Center">Texas Cryptologic Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Utah_Data_Center" title="Utah Data Center">Utah Data Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacific_Technical_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacific Technical Center (page does not exist)">Pacific Technical Center</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="718" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_National_Security_Agency" title="Director of the National Security Agency">Leaders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Canine" title="Ralph Canine">Ralph Canine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_A._Samford" title="John A. Samford">John A. Samford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hugh_Frost" title="Laurence Hugh Frost">Laurence Hugh Frost</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Blake" title="Gordon Blake">Gordon Blake</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Carter" title="Marshall Carter">Marshall Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Noel_Gayler" title="Noel Gayler">Noel Gayler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_C._Phillips" title="Samuel C. Phillips">Samuel C. Phillips</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lew_Allen" title="Lew Allen">Lew Allen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Ray_Inman" title="Bobby Ray Inman">Bobby Ray Inman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_D._Faurer" title="Lincoln D. Faurer">Lincoln D. Faurer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Eldridge_Odom" title="William Eldridge Odom">William Eldridge Odom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Studeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Studeman">Bill Studeman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Michael_McConnell" class="mw-redirect" title="John Michael McConnell">John Michael McConnell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Minihan" title="Kenneth Minihan">Kenneth Minihan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hayden_(general)" title="Michael Hayden (general)">Michael Hayden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Keith_B._Alexander" title="Keith B. Alexander">Keith B. Alexander</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Rogers" title="Michael S. Rogers">Michael S. Rogers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nakasone" title="Paul Nakasone">Paul Nakasone</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Service" title="Central Security Service">CSS</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Information_Warfare_Support_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Information Warfare Support Center (page does not exist)">Information Warfare Support Center</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Remote_Operations_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Operations Center">ROC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Special_Collection_Service" title="Special Collection Service">Special Collection Service</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Special_Source_Operations" title="Special Source Operations">SSO</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tailored_Access_Operations" title="Tailored Access Operations">TAO</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NSA/CSS_Threat_Operations_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NSA/CSS Threat Operations Center (page does not exist)">NTOC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Operations_Center" title="National Security Operations Center">NSOC</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ANT catalog</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/FROSTBURG" title="FROSTBURG">FROSTBURG</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IBM_7950_Harvest" title="IBM 7950 Harvest">HARVEST</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Secure_Terminal_Equipment" title="Secure Terminal Equipment">Secure Terminal Equipment (STE)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/STU-I" title="STU-I">STU-I</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/STU-II" title="STU-II">STU-II</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/STU-III" title="STU-III">STU-III</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/WARRIOR_PRIDE" title="WARRIOR PRIDE">WARRIOR PRIDE</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Global_surveillance_disclosures_(2013%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)">Global surveillance disclosures (2013–present)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Church_Committee" title="Church Committee">Church Committee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Snowden" title="Edward Snowden">Edward Snowden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/LOVEINT" title="LOVEINT">LOVEINT</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Bamford" title="James Bamford">James Bamford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/NSA_warrantless_surveillance_(2001%E2%80%932007)" title="NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)">NSA warrantless surveillance (2001–2007)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Permanent_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence">Pike Committee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russ_Tice" title="Russ Tice">Russ Tice</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Andrews_Drake" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Andrews Drake">Thomas Andrews Drake</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tamm" title="Thomas Tamm">Thomas Tamm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Aid" title="Matthew Aid">Matthew Aid</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boundless_Informant" title="Boundless Informant">Boundless Informant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dropmire" title="Dropmire">Dropmire</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Echelon_(signals_intelligence)" class="mw-redirect" title="Echelon (signals intelligence)">ECHELON</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fairview_(surveillance_program)" title="Fairview (surveillance program)">Fairview</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Insider_Threat_Program" title="Insider Threat Program">Insider Threat Program</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MUSCULAR" title="MUSCULAR">MUSCULAR</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MYSTIC_(surveillance_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="MYSTIC (surveillance program)">MYSTIC</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/PRISM" title="PRISM">PRISM</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Real_Time_Regional_Gateway" title="Real Time Regional Gateway">Real Time Regional Gateway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_Wind" title="Stellar Wind">Stellar Wind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trailblazer_Project" title="Trailblazer Project">TRAILBLAZER</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turbulence_(NSA)" title="Turbulence (NSA)">Turbulence</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Upstream_collection" title="Upstream collection">Upstream</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/XKeyscore" title="XKeyscore">XKeyscore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epic_Shelter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epic Shelter (page does not exist)">Epic Shelter</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Databases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/DISHFIRE" class="mw-redirect" title="DISHFIRE">DISHFIRE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interquake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interquake (page does not exist)">Interquake</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Main_Core" title="Main Core">Main Core</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MAINWAY" title="MAINWAY">MAINWAY</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MARINA" title="MARINA">MARINA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nymrod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nymrod (page does not exist)">Nymrod</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/PINWALE" class="mw-redirect" title="PINWALE">PINWALE</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dundee_Society" title="Dundee Society">Dundee Society</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Defense_Analyses" title="Institute for Defense Analyses">Institute for Defense Analyses</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_Museum" title="National Cryptologic Museum">National Cryptologic Museum</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Cryptologic_School" class="mw-redirect" title="National Cryptologic School">National Cryptologic School</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Vigilance_Park" title="National Vigilance Park">National Vigilance Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/NSA_Hall_of_Honor" title="NSA Hall of Honor">NSA Hall of Honor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Venona_project" title="Venona project">VENONA</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vulnerabilities_Equities_Process" title="Vulnerabilities Equities Process">Vulnerabilities Equities Process</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zendian_Problem" class="mw-redirect" title="Zendian Problem">Zendian Problem</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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