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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1907–1983 American comic strip</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Mutt_and_Jeff_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Mutt and Jeff (disambiguation)">Mutt and Jeff (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-style: italic; background-color: #99C2FF; color: black; padding: 0.25em 1em; font-size: 125%;">Mutt and Jeff</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg/240px-MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg/360px-MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg/480px-MuttandJeffAdvertisement.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1014" data-file-height="1591" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Overland Monthly</i> ad (January 1916).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Fisher" title="Bud Fisher">Bud Fisher</a> (1907–1932)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Smith_(cartoonist)" title="Al Smith (cartoonist)">Al Smith</a> (1932–1980)</li><li>George Breisacher (1980–1983)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gocomics.com/muttandjeff/">gocomics<wbr />.com<wbr />/muttandjeff<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status/schedule</th><td class="infobox-data">Concluded; reruns</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">November 15, 1907</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">End date</th><td class="infobox-data">June 26, 1983</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternate name(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">A. Mutt</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Print_syndication#Comic_strip_syndication" title="Print syndication">Syndicate(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_Features_Syndicate" title="King Features Syndicate">King Features Syndicate</a> (1907–1915)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler_Syndicate" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheeler Syndicate">Wheeler Syndicate</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bell_Syndicate" title="Bell Syndicate">Bell Syndicate</a> (1915 – c. 1944)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Field_Newspaper_Syndicate" title="Field Newspaper Syndicate">Field Newspaper Syndicate</a> (1944–1983)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Andrews_McMeel_Syndication" title="Andrews McMeel Syndication">Andrews McMeel Syndication</a> (reruns)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genre(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Humor_comics" class="mw-redirect" title="Humor comics">Humor</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muttandjeffalla51.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4f/Muttandjeffalla51.jpg/220px-Muttandjeffalla51.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4f/Muttandjeffalla51.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="369" /></a><figcaption><i>Mutt and Jeff</i> as reprinted in <i>All-American Comics</i> #51 (1943).</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Mutt and Jeff</b></i> is a long-running and widely popular <a href="/wiki/America" class="mw-redirect" title="America">American</a> newspaper <a href="/wiki/Comic_strip" title="Comic strip">comic strip</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Cartoonist" title="Cartoonist">cartoonist</a> <a href="/wiki/Bud_Fisher" title="Bud Fisher">Bud Fisher</a> in 1907 about "two mismatched <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tinhorn" class="extiw" title="wikt:tinhorn">tinhorns</a>". It is commonly regarded as the first <a href="/wiki/Daily_comic_strip" title="Daily comic strip">daily comic strip</a>. The concept of a newspaper strip featuring recurring characters in multiple panels on a six-day-a-week schedule had previously been pioneered through the short-lived <i><a href="/wiki/A._Piker_Clerk" title="A. Piker Clerk">A. Piker Clerk</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Clare_Briggs" title="Clare Briggs">Clare Briggs</a>, but it was <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> as the first successful daily comic strip that staked out the direction of the future trend. </p><p><i>Mutt and Jeff</i> remained in syndication until 1983, employing the talents of several cartoonists, chiefly <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith_(cartoonist)" title="Al Smith (cartoonist)">Al Smith</a> who drew the strip for nearly fifty years. The series eventually became a <a href="/wiki/Comic_book" title="Comic book">comic book</a>, initially published by <a href="/wiki/All-American_Publications" title="All-American Publications">All-American Publications</a> and later published by <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dell_Comics" title="Dell Comics">Dell Comics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a>. Later it was also published as <a href="/wiki/Cartoon" title="Cartoon">cartoons</a>, films, pop culture <a href="/wiki/Merchandise" class="mw-redirect" title="Merchandise">merchandise</a> and reprints. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Syndicated_success">Syndicated success</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Syndicated success"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Bud_Fisher" title="Bud Fisher">Harry Conway "Bud" Fisher</a> was a sports cartoonist for the <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i> in the early 1900s, a time when a newspaper cartoon was single panel. His innovation was to tell a cartoon gag in a sequence, or strip, of panels, creating the first American comic strip to successfully pioneer that since-common format. The concept of a newspaper strip featuring recurring characters in multiple panels on a six-day-a-week schedule actually had been created by <a href="/wiki/Clare_Briggs" title="Clare Briggs">Clare Briggs</a> with <i><a href="/wiki/A._Piker_Clerk" title="A. Piker Clerk">A. Piker Clerk</a></i> four years earlier, but that short-lived effort did not inspire further comics in a comic-strip format. As comics historian <a href="/wiki/Don_Markstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Don Markstein">Don Markstein</a> explained, </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Fisher's comic strip was very similar to <i>A. Piker Clerk</i>, which cartoonist Clare Briggs ... had done in the very same daily format for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chicago_American" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chicago American">The Chicago American</a></i> in 1903. But tho Fisher was born in Chicago, it's unknown whether or not he ever saw the Briggs strip, so let's give him the benefit of the doubt and say he had an idea. Despite the Briggs primacy, <i>A. Mutt</i> is considered the first daily strip because it's the one that sparked a trend in that direction, which continues to this day.<sup id="cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toonopedia-fisher-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>A. Mutt</i>, the comic strip that became better known by its later title, <i>Mutt and Jeff</i>, debuted on November 15, 1907 on the sports pages of the <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i>. The featured character had previously appeared in sports cartoons by Fisher but was unnamed. Fisher had approached his editor, <a href="/wiki/John_P._Young" title="John P. Young">John P. Young</a>, about doing a regular strip as early as 1905, but was turned down. According to Fisher, Young told him, "It would take up too much room, and readers are used to reading down the page, and not horizontally".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This strip focused on a single main character until the other half of the duo appeared on March 27, 1908. It appeared only in the <i>Chronicle</i>, so Fisher did not have the extended lead time that syndicated strips require. Episodes were drawn the day before publication, and frequently referred to local events that were currently making headlines or to specific horse races being run that day. A 1908 sequence about Mutt's trial featured a parade of thinly-disguised caricatures of specific San Francisco political figures, many of whom were being prosecuted for <a href="/wiki/Graft_(politics)" title="Graft (politics)">graft</a>. </p><p>On June 7, 1908, the strip moved off the sports pages and into <a href="/wiki/William_Randolph_Hearst" title="William Randolph Hearst">Hearst</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Examiner" title="San Francisco Examiner">San Francisco Examiner</a></i> where it was <a href="/wiki/Print_syndication" title="Print syndication">syndicated</a> by <a href="/wiki/King_Features_Syndicate" title="King Features Syndicate">King Features</a> and became a national hit, subsequently making Fisher the first celebrity of the comics industry.<sup id="cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toonopedia-fisher-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fisher had taken the precaution of <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">copyrighting</a> the strip in his own name, facilitating the move to King Features and making it impossible for the <i>Chronicle</i> to continue the strip using another artist. </p><p>A dispute between Fisher and King Features arose in 1913, and Fisher moved his strip on September 15, 1915, to the <a href="/wiki/John_Neville_Wheeler" title="John Neville Wheeler">Wheeler Syndicate</a> (later the <a href="/wiki/Bell_Syndicate" title="Bell Syndicate">Bell Syndicate</a>), who gave Fisher 60% of the gross revenue, an enormous income in those times.<sup id="cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toonopedia-fisher-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hearst responded by launching a lawsuit which ultimately failed.<sup id="cite_ref-BDzoom_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BDzoom-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1916, Fisher was earning in excess of $150,000 a year. By the 1920s, merchandising and growing circulation had increased his income to an estimated $250,000.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1918, <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> added a <a href="/wiki/Sunday_strip" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday strip">Sunday strip</a> and, as success continued, Fisher became increasingly dependent on assistants to produce the work. Fisher hired Billy Liverpool and Ed Mack, artists Hearst had at one point groomed to take over the strip, who did most of the artwork.<sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-liverpool_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-liverpool-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-mack_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-mack-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other assistants on the strip included Ken Kling, <a href="/wiki/George_Herriman" title="George Herriman">George Herriman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Sendak" title="Maurice Sendak">Maurice Sendak</a> (while still in high school).<sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-herriman_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-herriman-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-sendak_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-sendak-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fisher appeared to lose all interest in the strip during the 1930s, and after Mack died in 1932, the job of creating the strip fell to Al Smith.<sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-fisher_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-fisher-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-smith_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-smith-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In c. 1944, the new Chicago-based <a href="/wiki/Field_Syndicate" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Syndicate">Field Syndicate</a> took over the strip. <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> retained Fisher's signature until his death, however, so it wasn't until December 7, 1954, that the strip started being signed by Smith.<sup id="cite_ref-BDzoom_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BDzoom-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Al Smith received the <a href="/wiki/National_Cartoonists_Society" title="National Cartoonists Society">National Cartoonists Society</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Cartoonists_Society#Newspaper_Comic_Strips" title="National Cartoonists Society">Humor Comic Strip Award</a> in 1968 for his work on the strip.<sup id="cite_ref-NCS_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCS-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Smith continued to draw <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> until 1980, two years before it ceased publication. </p><p>In the introduction to <i>Forever Nuts: The Early Years of Mutt & Jeff</i>, <a href="/wiki/Allan_Holtz" title="Allan Holtz">Allan Holtz</a> gave the following reason for the strip's longevity and demise: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The strip's waning circulation got a shot in the arm in the 1950s when President Eisenhower sang its praises, and then again in the 1970s when a nostalgia craze swept the nation. It took the 1980s, a decade focused on the here and now, and a final creative change on the strip when even Al Smith had had enough, to finally allow the strip the rest it had deserved for decades.<sup id="cite_ref-Nuts_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nuts-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>During this final period it was drawn by George Breisacher.<sup id="cite_ref-lambiek-breisacher_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lambiek-breisacher-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, <a href="/wiki/Andrews_McMeel_Syndication" title="Andrews McMeel Syndication">Andrews McMeel Syndication</a> continues to syndicate <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> under the imprint <i>Classic Mutt and Jeff</i> (in both English and Spanish language versions) under the copyright of <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Beaumont" title="Pierre de Beaumont">Pierre S. de Beaumont</a> (1915–2010), founder of the <a href="/wiki/Brookstone" title="Brookstone">Brookstone</a> catalog and retail chain. De Beaumont inherited ownership of the strip from his mother, Aedita de Beaumont,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who married Fisher in 1925 (the couple parted after four weeks, but never divorced).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg/610px-Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg" decoding="async" width="610" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg/915px-Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg/1220px-Mutt_and_Jeff_-_motorcycle_cop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3380" data-file-height="1057" /></a><figcaption>A <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> strip from 1913.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characters_and_story">Characters and story</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characters and story"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Mutt_and_Jeff" title="Special:EditPage/Mutt and Jeff">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22">"Mutt and Jeff"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Mutt+and+Jeff%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Augustus Mutt</b> is a tall, dimwitted racetrack character—a fanatic horse-race gambler who is motivated by greed. Mutt has a wife, known only as <b>Mrs. Mutt</b> (Mutt always addressed her as "M'love"; Al Smith revealed in a <i>Boston Globe</i> newspaper column that her first name was <b>Ima</b> – and conceded that he did not use it often because it was not a complimentary name). The Mutts's son was named <b>Cicero</b>. Mutt first encountered the half-pint <b>Jeff</b>, an inmate of an insane asylum who shares his passion for horse racing, in 1908. They appeared in more strips together until the strip abandoned the horse-race theme to concentrate on Mutt's other outlandish, get-rich-quick schemes. Jeff usually served as a (sometimes unwilling) partner. Jeff was short, bald as a billiard ball, and had <a href="/wiki/Mutton_chop" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutton chop">mutton chop</a> sideburns. He has no last name, stating his name is "just Jeff—first and last and always it's Jeff". However, at one point late in the strip's life, he is identified in the address of a cablegram as "Othello Jeff". He has a twin brother named <b>Julius</b>. They look so much alike that Jeff, who cannot afford to have a portrait painted, sits for Julius, who is too busy to pose. Rarely does Jeff change from his habitual outfit of top hat and suit with wing collar shirt. Friends of Mutt and Jeff have included <b>Gus Geevem</b>, <b>Joe Spivis</b>, and the English <b>Sir Sidney</b>. Characteristic lines and <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrases</a> that appeared often during the run of the strip included "Nix, Mutt, nix!", "For the love of Mike!" and "Oowah!"<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The original inspiration for the character of "Jeff" was Jacques "Jakie" Fehr, a tiny (4 ft 8 in (142 cm)) irascible Swiss-born shopkeeper in the village of Occidental, California. One summer day in 1908, Fisher, a member of San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Club" title="Bohemian Club">Bohemian Club</a>, was riding the North Pacific Coast narrow gauge railway passenger train northbound to the <a href="/wiki/Bohemian_Grove" title="Bohemian Grove">Bohemian Grove</a>, the club's summer campsite. During a stop in Occidental, Fisher disembarked in order to stretch his legs and observed the diminutive walrus-moustached Fehr in heated altercation with the tall and lanky "candy butcher", who sold refreshments on the train and also distributed newspapers to shops in towns along the train route. The comic potential in this scene prompted Fisher to add the character of Jeff to his <i>A. Mutt</i> comic strip, with great success. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interactions_with_real_people">Interactions with real people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interactions with real people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg/220px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg/330px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg/440px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1924_01_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1086" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption>Jeff asking Bud Fisher for a favor, 1924.</figcaption></figure> <p>A recurring theme in the strip has the two characters interacting with celebrities, including sports figures, actors, and politicians. They often refer to these real-life people in a chummy way, such as actor <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Fairbanks" title="Douglas Fairbanks">"Doug" Fairbanks</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">"Herb" Hoover</a>. Sometimes they interact with the author, as shown in this 1924 comic in which Fisher includes a caricature of himself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cicero's_Cat"><span id="Cicero.27s_Cat"></span><i>Cicero's Cat</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cicero's Cat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ciceroscat8842.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c8/Ciceroscat8842.jpg/320px-Ciceroscat8842.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/c8/Ciceroscat8842.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>Bud Fisher's <i>Cicero's Cat</i> (August 7, 1942).</figcaption></figure> <p>Starting on October 27, 1926, the Sunday page included a <a href="/wiki/Topper_(comic_strip)" title="Topper (comic strip)">topper strip</a> about Cicero, Mutt's son. On December 3, 1933, the topper began to focus on Cicero's pet, Desdemona. Under the title <i>Cicero's Cat</i>, this pantomime strip ran until 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comic_books_and_reprints">Comic books and reprints</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Comic books and reprints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Cupples_%26_Leon" title="Cupples & Leon">Cupples & Leon</a> Company produced at least 18 reprint collections of <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> daily strips, in 10" x 10" softcover books from 1919 to 1933. They also published two larger hardcover editions, <i>Mutt and Jeff BIG Book</i> (1926) and <i>Mutt and Jeff BIG Book No. 2</i> (1929).</li> <li>Mutt and Jeff also appeared in <a href="/wiki/Comic_books" class="mw-redirect" title="Comic books">comic books</a>. They were featured on the front cover of <i><a href="/wiki/Famous_Funnies" title="Famous Funnies">Famous Funnies</a></i> #1, the first modern format comic book, and reprints appeared in <a href="/wiki/DC_Comics" title="DC Comics">DC Comics</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/All_American_Comics" class="mw-redirect" title="All American Comics">All American Comics</a></i>. It has been suggested that some of the Mutt and Jeff material published by DC Comics were new stories drawn by Sheldon Mayer.</li> <li>In 1939, DC gave them their own comic book, published until 1958 for 103 issues, that consisted entirely of newspaper reprints. <a href="/wiki/Dell_Comics" title="Dell Comics">Dell Comics</a> took over the feature after DC dropped it, but their tenure only lasted for one year and 12 issues. Many of the Dell issues featured new, conventional-length stories drawn by Smith.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Comics" title="Harvey Comics">Harvey Comics</a>, which had several other comic strip reprint comics running at the time, picked up <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> from Dell, and this version of the comic ran to 1965 for a total of 33 issues, plus two short-lived spinoff titles: <i>Mutt & Jeff Jokes</i> and <i>Mutt & Jeff New Jokes</i>. These later versions also included Smith's <i>Cicero's Cat</i>.</li> <li>In 2007, comics publisher <a href="/wiki/NBM_Publishing" title="NBM Publishing">NBM</a> published a reprint volume, <i>Forever Nuts: The Early Years of Mutt & Jeff</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nuts_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nuts-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56163-502-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-56163-502-2">1-56163-502-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stage_shows_and_sheet_music">Stage shows and sheet music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Stage shows and sheet music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG/220px-Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG/330px-Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG/440px-Mutt_and_Jeff_theater_production_circa_1912.JPG 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="515" /></a><figcaption>A scene from the 1912 stage show.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg/220px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg/330px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg/440px-Mutt_and_Jeff_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="992" /></a><figcaption>Advertisement (1918)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><i>Mutt and Jeff: A Musical Comedy Song Book</i> (1912) Songs include: "The Barn-Yard Rag"; "Sail on Silv'ry Moon"; "Mr. Ragtime Whippoorwill"; "Oh You Girl!"; "A Mother Old and Gray"; "Let Me Call You Sweetheart"; "Years Years Ago"; "If I Forget"; "Bohemia Rag"; "Undertaker Man"; "Tell Me That You Love Me"</li> <li><i>The Face in the Flag I Love</i> (from <i>Mutt and Jeff in Panama</i>, 1913)</li> <li><i>At the Funny Page Ball</i> (1918)</li> <li><i>Mutt and Jeff on Their Honeymoon</i> (aka <i>Mutt and Jeff Divorced</i>, 1920) Songs include: "My Dearie"; "My Dixie Rose"; "The Wild Irish Rose That God Gave Me"; "Why Can't My Dreams Come True"; "Just One Little Smile"; "Songs My Mother Sang to Me"; "When Someone Dreams of Someone"; "When I Am Dreaming of You"</li> <li><i>Mutt and Jeff: And They Called It the Funny Sheet Blues</i> (1923)</li> <li><i>Mutt and Jeff Songster</i> (Date unknown)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Program_from_Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_(1920)"><span id="Program_from_Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_.281920.29"></span>Program from <i>Mutt and Jeff Divorced</i> (1920)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Program from Mutt and Jeff Divorced (1920)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Front of program for stage show."><img alt="Front of program for stage show." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg/88px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg/132px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg/176px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_front_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="586" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Front of program for stage show.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Inside of program."><img alt="Inside of program." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg/120px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg/180px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg/240px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_program_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="583" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Inside of program.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Back of program."><img alt="Back of program." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg/88px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg/132px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg/177px-Mutt_and_Jeff_Divorced_back_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="589" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Back of program.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motion_pictures">Motion pictures</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Motion pictures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Live-action">Live-action</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Live-action"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Mutt_and_Jeff_live-action_shorts" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mutt and Jeff live-action shorts">List of Mutt and Jeff live-action shorts</a></div> <p>In early July 1911, during the <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent era</a> of motion pictures, at <a href="/wiki/David_Horsley" title="David Horsley">David Horsley</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nestor_Studios" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestor Studios">Nestor Comedies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey" title="Bayonne, New Jersey">Bayonne, New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al_Christie" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Christie">Al Christie</a> began turning out a weekly one-<a href="/wiki/Reel#Motion_picture_terminology" title="Reel">reel</a> live-action <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> <a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">comedy</a> <a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">short</a>, which was based on the comic strip. </p><p>The <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> <a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">serial</a> was extremely popular and after the Nestor Company established a <a href="/wiki/Movie_studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Movie studio">studio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a>, in late October 1911, Christie continued to oversee a weekly production of a one-reel episode. </p><p>In the fall of 1911, Nestor began using an alternate method of displaying the <a href="/wiki/Intertitle" title="Intertitle">intertitles</a> in the <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> comedies. Instead of a <a href="/wiki/Cut_(transition)" title="Cut (transition)">cut</a> to the dialogue titles, the dialogue was displayed at the bottom of the image on a black background so the audience could read them as a <a href="/wiki/Subtitle_(captioning)" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtitle (captioning)">subtitle</a>, which was similar to the way they appeared in the cartoon strips. Horsley was very proud of the device and claimed to have entered a patent on it. He advertised the <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> movies as "talking pictures".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first actors to portray Mutt and Jeff in the comedy shorts were Sam D. Drane, a tall man noted for his resemblance to <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">President Lincoln</a>, whom he actually played in his last movie, <i>The Crisis</i> (1916), as A. Mutt, and Gus Alexander, whose nickname was "Shorty," as Jeff. When Alexander left the serial, Christie hired the actor <a href="/wiki/Bud_Duncan" title="Bud Duncan">Bud Duncan</a>. Duncan played Jeff in two installments before the serial ended in 1912.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animation">Animation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Animation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mutt_and_Jeff_animated_filmography" title="Mutt and Jeff animated filmography">Mutt and Jeff animated filmography</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_(Fox,_1919)._One_Sheet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg/180px-Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg/269px-Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg/359px-Mutt_%26_Jeff_in_A_Tropical_Eggspedition_%28Fox%2C_1919%29._One_Sheet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2073" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>1919 poster for an animated short</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1916,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fisher licensed the production of <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> for animation with pioneers <a href="/wiki/Charles_Bowers" title="Charles Bowers">Charles Bowers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Barr%C3%A9" title="Raoul Barré">Raoul Barré</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Barr%C3%A9_Studio" title="Barré Studio">Barré Studio</a>. The animated series lasted 11 years and more than 300 animated <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> shorts were released by the <a href="/wiki/Fox_Film_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Film Corporation">Fox Film Corporation</a>, making it the longest continuing theatrical animated movie serial and second longest to <i><a href="/wiki/Krazy_Kat" title="Krazy Kat">Krazy Kat</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dog-gone_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Dog-gone_crop.jpg/220px-Dog-gone_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/Dog-gone_crop.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="223" /></a><figcaption>Mutt and Jeff in <i><a href="/wiki/Dog_Gone_(1926_film)" title="Dog Gone (1926 film)">Dog Gone</a></i> (1926).</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1971, a feature film was released consisting of eleven redrawn colorized Mutt and Jeff silent films, with the short <i>Slick Sleuths</i> used as the frame, titled <i>The Weird Adventures of Mutt & Jeff and Bugoff</i>, which added new dialogue and soundtrack songs. In this film, Mutt and Jeff are USA government agents, and they have been assigned to track down SMOGPOO's top secret agent Bugoff, a master of disguise attempting to steal secrets all across the world. Bugoff is the Phantom character in <i>Slick Sleuths</i>, but now he is coloured pink. Radio & Television Packagers, Inc. were the producers of the film, which received a very limited theatrical release, primarily being shown on the <a href="/wiki/16_mm_film" title="16 mm film">16MM</a> circuit. </p><p>In 2005, Inkwell Images released a DVD documentary entitled <i>Mutt and Jeff: the Original Animated Odd Couple</i>; several <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> animated cartoons are included on the disc.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, individual Mutt and Jeff cartoons have been mixed with other titles on low-cost video collections, such as the <i>Cartoon Craze</i> DVDs from Digiview Productions. CartoonsOnFilm has been working on a long-term goal of restoring all surviving Mutt and Jeff cartoons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Any pair of individuals of different sizes has come to be known as a "Mutt and Jeff".</li> <li>In the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/ER_(TV_series)" title="ER (TV series)">ER</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Greene" title="Mark Greene">Mark Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Lewis" title="Susan Lewis">Susan Lewis</a> were referred to several times as "Mutt and Jeff" of Emergency Medicine by <a href="/wiki/Doug_Ross" title="Doug Ross">Doug Ross</a>.</li> <li>Mutt and Jeff, Texas, was a small community located at the intersection of <a href="/wiki/Texas_State_Highway_37" title="Texas State Highway 37">State Highway 37</a> and <a href="/wiki/Farm_to_Market_Road_14" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm to Market Road 14">Farm to Market Road 14</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Big_Sandy_Creek_(Sabine_River)" class="mw-redirect" title="Big Sandy Creek (Sabine River)">Big Sandy Creek</a>, six miles from <a href="/wiki/Winnsboro,_Texas" title="Winnsboro, Texas">Winnsboro</a>. The town was so named in the 1920s because of two area merchants, who reminded locals of the comic strip characters. The population decreased during the 1930s, and Mutt and Jeff, Texas, was abandoned by the early 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The "<a href="/wiki/Good_cop/bad_cop" class="mw-redirect" title="Good cop/bad cop">good cop/bad cop</a>" police interrogation tactic is also called "Mutt and Jeff".<sup id="cite_ref-phrase_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phrase-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Rhyming_slang" title="Rhyming slang">rhyming slang</a>, "mutton" is used as a shortening of "Mutt'n'Jeff", meaning "deaf".<sup id="cite_ref-phrase_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phrase-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Frank_Henenlotter" title="Frank Henenlotter">Frank Henenlotter</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Frankenhooker" title="Frankenhooker">Frankenhooker</a></i>, when Jeffrey Franken is going through various body parts, he refers to two mismatched breasts as "Mutt and Jeff".</li> <li>In the TV series <i><a href="/wiki/Twin_Peaks" title="Twin Peaks">Twin Peaks</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span> pilot, Bookhouse Boy biker Joey Paulson says to the fellow biker sitting next to him at The Roadhouse, "Scotty, Mutt and Jeff just crawled in" when Bobby Briggs and Mike Nelson enter the bar.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Walt Disney Company">Disney</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aladdin_(2011_musical)" title="Aladdin (2011 musical)">Aladdin</a></i> stage musical, Mutt and Jeff are referred to by name as examples of great friends.</li> <li>In a <i><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_Alley_(comic_strip)" title="Gasoline Alley (comic strip)">Gasoline Alley</a></i> sequence begun on October 19, 2015, Mutt telephones Walt Wallet with news regarding Jeff.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Brickhill" title="Paul Brickhill">Paul Brickhill</a> (in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Dam_Busters_(book)" title="The Dam Busters (book)">The Dam Busters</a></i>) referred to two test pilots as Mutt and Jeff.</li> <li>In the 2002 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Simpsons" title="The Simpsons">Simpsons</a></i> episode "<a href="/wiki/Helter_Shelter_(The_Simpsons)" title="Helter Shelter (The Simpsons)">Helter Shelter</a>", in which the <a href="/wiki/Simpson_family" title="Simpson family">Simpsons</a> participate in a reality television game show in which they live in a <a href="/wiki/Victorian_house" title="Victorian house">Victorian house</a> and have access to items available only in 1895, <a href="/wiki/Bart_Simpson" title="Bart Simpson">Bart</a> laments having access only to <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> comic books and is quoted as saying, "This has been the worst week of my life. I miss my toys and my video games. Mutt and Jeff comics are NOT funny! They're gay, I get it!".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Mutt and Jeff</i> was not created until 1907.</li> <li>Mutt and Jeff, better known in Spanish as Eneas and Benitín, are mentioned in the song "Día de Enero" (English: "January Day") by Colombian singer <a href="/wiki/Shakira" title="Shakira">Shakira</a> in her sixth studio album <i><a href="/wiki/Fijaci%C3%B3n_Oral_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Fijación Oral 1">Fijación Oral 1</a></i>.</li> <li>In the 1973 film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sting" title="The Sting">The Sting</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Redford" title="Robert Redford">Robert Redford</a>'s character Johnny Hooker refers to the mark's bodyguards as "Mutt and Jeff".</li> <li>In the musical <i><a href="/wiki/Annie_(musical)" title="Annie (musical)">Annie</a></i>, Mutt and Jeff are referred to in the song "We Got Annie".</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Kim_Stanley_Robinson" title="Kim Stanley Robinson">Kim Stanley Robinson</a>'s book <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_2140" title="New York 2140">New York 2140</a></i>, the chapters concerning the characters Jeff Rosen and Ralph Muttchopf are titled "Mutt and Jeff".</li> <li>In the 2020 <i><a href="/wiki/Robot_Chicken" title="Robot Chicken">Robot Chicken</a></i> episode "Ghandi Mulholland in: Plastic Doesn't Get Cancer", Mutt (voiced by <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Senreich" title="Matthew Senreich">Matthew Senreich</a>) and Jeff (voiced by <a href="/wiki/Seth_Green" title="Seth Green">Seth Green</a>) are erased from existence after becoming too obscure.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Mutt and Jeff ad". <i>Overland Monthly</i>. <b>LXVII</b> (#1): lx. January 1916.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Overland+Monthly&rft.atitle=Mutt+and+Jeff+ad&rft.volume=LXVII&rft.issue=%231&rft.pages=lx&rft.date=1916-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toonopedia-fisher-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-toonopedia-fisher_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toonopedia.com/fishrbud.htm">"Bud Fisher</a> at <a href="/wiki/Don_Markstein%27s_Toonopedia" title="Don Markstein's Toonopedia">Don Markstein's Toonopedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120524153352/http://www.toonopedia.com/fishrbud.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Comics Journal</i> #289, April 2008, p. 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BDzoom-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BDzoom_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BDzoom_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichel" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Michel, Nathalie, <i>BdZoom</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20070823051509/http://www.bdzoom.com/index.cfm?page=display&class=article_general&object=dosx20070811114140&rub=interview">"Conaissez-vous Mutt and Jeff?"</a> (in French). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bdzoom.com/index.cfm?page=display&class=article_general&object=dosx20070811114140&rub=interview">the original</a> on August 23, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Conaissez-vous+Mutt+and+Jeff%3F&rft.aulast=Michel&rft.aufirst=Nathalie%2C+%27%27BdZoom%27%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bdzoom.com%2Findex.cfm%3Fpage%3Ddisplay%26class%3Darticle_general%26object%3Ddosx20070811114140%26rub%3Dinterview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/christmas-specials/21568586-internet-has-unleashed-burst-cartooning-creativity-triumph-nerds">"Triumph of the nerds"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. December 22, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Triumph+of+the+nerds&rft.date=2012-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fchristmas-specials%2F21568586-internet-has-unleashed-burst-cartooning-creativity-triumph-nerds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-liverpool-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-liverpool_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/l/liverpool_billy.htm">"Billy Liverpool"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Billy+Liverpool&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fl%2Fliverpool_billy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-mack-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-mack_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/m/mack_ed.htm">"Ed Mack"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ed+Mack&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fm%2Fmack_ed.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-herriman-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-herriman_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/h/herriman.htm">"George Herriman"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=George+Herriman&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fh%2Fherriman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-sendak-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-sendak_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/s/sendak_maurice.htm">"Maurice Sendak"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maurice+Sendak&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fs%2Fsendak_maurice.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-fisher-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-fisher_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/f/fisher_b.htm">"Bud Fisher"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bud+Fisher&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Ff%2Ffisher_b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-smith-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-smith_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/s/smith_al.htm">"Al Smith"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Al+Smith&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fs%2Fsmith_al.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NCS-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NCS_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Cartoonists_Society" class="citation web cs1">National Cartoonists Society. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reuben.org/ncs/archive/divisions/strips.asp">"Newspaper Comic Strips – Humor Strips"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Newspaper+Comic+Strips+%E2%80%93+Humor+Strips&rft.au=National+Cartoonists+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuben.org%2Fncs%2Farchive%2Fdivisions%2Fstrips.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nuts-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nuts_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nuts_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Forever Nuts: The Early Years of Mutt & Jeff</i> by Bud Fisher, edited by Jeffrey Lindenblatt; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56163-502-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-56163-502-2">1-56163-502-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lambiek-breisacher-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lambiek-breisacher_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambiek_Comiclopedia" class="citation web cs1">Lambiek Comiclopedia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lambiek.net/artists/b/breisacher_george.htm">"George Breisacher"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=George+Breisacher&rft.au=Lambiek+Comiclopedia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flambiek.net%2Fartists%2Fb%2Fbreisacher_george.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fox, Margalit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/19/business/19beaumont.html">"Pierre de Beaumont, Brookstone Founder, Dies at 95"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>, March 18, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Private Lives", <i>Life</i> magazine, December 28, 1936, page 62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoltz2012" class="citation book cs1">Holtz, Allan (2012). <i>American Newspaper Comics: An Encyclopedic Reference Guide</i>. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780472117567" title="Special:BookSources/9780472117567"><bdi>9780472117567</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Newspaper+Comics%3A+An+Encyclopedic+Reference+Guide&rft.place=Ann+Arbor&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=The+University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780472117567&rft.aulast=Holtz&rft.aufirst=Allan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Eileen Bowser. <i>The Transformation of Cinema 1907–1915</i>. Charles Scribner's Sons. 1990. p. 144. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-18414-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-18414-1">0-684-18414-1</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anthony Balducci. <i>Lloyd Hamilton: Poor Boy Comedian of Silent Cinema</i>. McFarland. 2009. p. 19. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-4159-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-4159-3">0-7864-4159-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.filmpreservation.org/userfiles/image/PDFs/MuttJeff_Hanna.pdf">http://www.filmpreservation.org/userfiles/image/PDFs/MuttJeff_Hanna.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130521075415/http://www.filmpreservation.org/userfiles/image/PDFs/MuttJeff_Hanna.pdf">Archived</a> May 21, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLenburg1999" class="citation book cs1">Lenburg, Jeff (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780816038312/page/36/mode/2up"><i>The Encyclopedia of Animated Cartoons</i></a>. Checkmark Books. pp. <span class="nowrap">37–</span>39. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8160-3831-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8160-3831-7"><bdi>0-8160-3831-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 6,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Animated+Cartoons&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E37-%3C%2Fspan%3E39&rft.pub=Checkmark+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8160-3831-7&rft.aulast=Lenburg&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780816038312%2Fpage%2F36%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inkwellimagesink.com/pages/cartoons/MuttAndJeff.shtml"><i>Mutt and Jeff: the Original Animated Odd Couple</i></a> at the Inkwell Images home page</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hrmar">"Jenkins, Rachel"</a>. Texas State Historical Association: <i><a href="/wiki/The_Handbook_of_Texas_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="The Handbook of Texas Online">The Handbook of Texas Online</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-phrase-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-phrase_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-phrase_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Phrase Finder. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/252125.html">"Mutt and Jeff"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">TV.com accessed 7/22/09 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100504010953/http://www.tv.com/the-simpsons/helter-shelter/episode/129860/trivia.html">"The Simpsons: Helter Shelter Trivia and Quotes on TV.com"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tv.com/the-simpsons/helter-shelter/episode/129860/trivia.html">the original</a> on May 4, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Simpsons%3A+Helter+Shelter+Trivia+and+Quotes+on+TV.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tv.com%2Fthe-simpsons%2Fhelter-shelter%2Fepisode%2F129860%2Ftrivia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMutt+and+Jeff" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutt_and_Jeff&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wordsmith.org/words/mutt_and_jeff.html">A.Word.A.Day</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gocomics.com/muttandjeff/"><i>The Classic Mutt and Jeff</i> strips</a> GoComics</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.startribune.com/local/blogs/133043843.html">A suicide-themed Mutt and Jeff strip from November 1911</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></li> <li>The short film <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/SlickSleuths"><i>Slick Sleuths</i></a> is available for free viewing and download at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/2106006/slick-sleuths/">Slick Sleuths</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">TCM Movie Database</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.toonopedia.com/muttjeff.htm"><i>Mutt and Jeff</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/Don_Markstein%27s_Toonopedia" title="Don Markstein's Toonopedia">Don Markstein's Toonopedia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20091016111254/http://www.toonopedia.com/muttjeff.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2012.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adam@home" title="Adam@home">Adam@home</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Argyle_Sweater" title="The Argyle Sweater">Argyle Sweater</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baldo_(Hector_Cant%C3%BA_comic_strip)" title="Baldo (Hector Cantú comic strip)">Baldo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Biographic_(comics)" title="Biographic (comics)">Biographic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breaking_Cat_News" title="Breaking Cat News">Breaking Cat News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/C%27est_la_Vie_(comic_strip)" title="C'est la Vie (comic strip)">C'est la Vie</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Close_to_Home_(comic_strip)" title="Close to Home (comic strip)">Close to Home</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Compu-toon" title="Compu-toon">Compu-toon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cornered_(comics)" title="Cornered (comics)">Cornered</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crankshaft_(comic_strip)" title="Crankshaft (comic strip)">Crankshaft</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Doonesbury" title="Doonesbury">Doonesbury</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Duplex" title="The Duplex">The Duplex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_5th_Wave_(comic_strip)" title="The 5th Wave (comic strip)">The 5th Wave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fluff_(comic_strip)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluff (comic strip) (page does not exist)">Fluff</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FoxTrot" title="FoxTrot">FoxTrot</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fred_Basset" title="Fred Basset">Fred Basset</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Fusco_Brothers" title="The Fusco Brothers">The Fusco Brothers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Garfield" title="Garfield">Garfield</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaturro" title="Gaturro">Gaturro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ginger_Meggs" title="Ginger Meggs">Ginger Meggs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Bleachers" title="In the Bleachers">In the Bleachers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judge_Dredd" title="Judge Dredd">Judge Dredd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Cucaracha_(comic_strip)" title="La Cucaracha (comic strip)">La Cucaracha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Li%C5%8D" title="Liō">Liō</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lockhorns" title="The Lockhorns">The Lockhorns</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Loose_Parts" title="Loose Parts">Loose Parts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lester" title="Mike Lester">Mike du Jour</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mutt and Jeff</a></i> (reruns)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nancy_(comic_strip)" title="Nancy (comic strip)">Nancy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Adventures_of_Queen_Victoria" title="New Adventures of Queen Victoria">New Adventures of Queen Victoria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Non_Sequitur_(comic_strip)" title="Non Sequitur (comic strip)">Non Sequitur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Off_the_Mark_(comic_strip)" title="Off the Mark (comic strip)">Off the Mark</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overboard_(comic_strip)" title="Overboard (comic strip)">Overboard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peanuts" title="Peanuts">Peanuts</a></i> (reruns)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pearls_Before_Swine_(comics)" title="Pearls Before Swine (comics)">Pearls Before Swine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_and_Her_Unicorn" title="Phoebe and Her Unicorn">Phoebe and Her Unicorn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pibgorn_(webcomic)" title="Pibgorn (webcomic)">Pibgorn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pickles_(comic_strip)" title="Pickles (comic strip)">Pickles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pooch_Caf%C3%A9" title="Pooch Café">Pooch Café</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Real_Life_Adventures" title="Real Life Adventures">Real Life Adventures</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_and_Rover" title="Red and Rover">Red and Rover</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stone_Soup_(comic_strip)" title="Stone Soup (comic strip)">Stone Soup</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tank_McNamara" title="Tank McNamara">Tank McNamara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thatababy" title="Thatababy">Thatababy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiny_Sepuku" title="Tiny Sepuku">Tiny Sepuku</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tom_the_Dancing_Bug" title="Tom the Dancing Bug">Tom the Dancing Bug</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wallace_the_Brave" title="Wallace the Brave">Wallace the Brave</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ziggy_(comic_strip)" title="Ziggy (comic strip)">Ziggy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comic strips<br />(historical)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Boondocks_(comic_strip)" title="The Boondocks (comic strip)">The Boondocks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brainwaves_(comic_strip)" title="Brainwaves (comic strip)">Brainwaves</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calvin_and_Hobbes" title="Calvin and Hobbes">Calvin and Hobbes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cathy" title="Cathy">Cathy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Dog_(comic_strip)" title="Citizen Dog (comic strip)">Citizen Dog</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleats_(comic_strip)" title="Cleats (comic strip)">Cleats</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Condorito" title="Condorito">Condorito</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cul_de_Sac_(comic_strip)" title="Cul de Sac (comic strip)">Cul de Sac</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dilbert" title="Dilbert">Dilbert</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Downstown" title="Downstown">Downstown</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Brown" title="Encyclopedia Brown">Encyclopedia Brown</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Far_Side" title="The Far Side">The Far Side</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Better_or_For_Worse" title="For Better or For Worse">For Better or For 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