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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Transfer_of_shares_in_Mze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transfer_of_shares_in_Mze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Transfer of shares in Mze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transfer_of_shares_in_Mze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cessation_of_political_programming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cessation_of_political_programming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cessation of political programming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cessation_of_political_programming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commentary_on_Mze_from_Georgian_and_international_watchdogs_and_the_US_Department_of_State" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commentary_on_Mze_from_Georgian_and_international_watchdogs_and_the_US_Department_of_State"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Commentary on Mze from Georgian and international watchdogs and the US Department of State</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commentary_on_Mze_from_Georgian_and_international_watchdogs_and_the_US_Department_of_State-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_now" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_now"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Status now</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_now-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mze TV</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250536050">.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header{background-color:#bfdfff;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{font-size:100%;background-color:#bfdfff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-infobox-header{background-color:hsl(0,0%,10%);color:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-availability .infobox-header,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-tv-channel-embed-header .infobox-header{background-color:hsl(210,100%,10%);color:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-tv-channel"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Mze TV</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Programming</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Picture format</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)#1.66:1,_1.75:1,_1.77:1,_1.78:1_and_16:9_standard_widescreen" title="Aspect ratio (image)">16:9</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Ownership</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saba_Mantidze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saba Mantidze (page does not exist)">Saba Mantidze</a> (since 2016)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">2003 / 2016</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saba_Mantidze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saba Mantidze (page does not exist)">Saba Mantidze</a> (since 2016)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Closed</th><td class="infobox-data">2013</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">Links</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvmze.ge/">tvmze.ge</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mze TV</b> (<a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>: <span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka" style="font-style: normal;">მზე</span></span>) was a <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgian</a> television channel, launched in 2003 by <a href="/wiki/Ivane_Chkhartishvili" title="Ivane Chkhartishvili">Vano Chkhartishvili</a>, a Georgian millionaire<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and member of the Georgian parliament from 1999 until 2007. He served as Economy Minister under President <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Shevardnadze" title="Eduard Shevardnadze">Eduard Shevardnadze</a> from November 2001-November 2003. </p><p>By 2004 Mze (meaning ‘Sun’) was one of Georgia's leading channels, broadcasting a variety of content including popular political talk shows. </p><p>However, over the course of the next few years Chkhartishvili sold all his shares in the company and it became the focus of concern for opposition politicians and independent commentators who suggested Mze was coming under pressure from the Georgian government for failing to keep in line politically. It eventually became wholly owned by Rustavi 2, another leading television company, and moved to broadcasting a programme of entertainment without any news coverage.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transfer_of_shares_in_Mze">Transfer of shares in Mze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Transfer of shares in Mze"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In July 2004 Georgian newspaper <i>Rezonansi (Resonance)</i> reported that Chkhartishvili sold shares in MZE to a fellow Georgian MP and ally of president <a href="/wiki/Mikheil_Saakashvili" title="Mikheil Saakashvili">Mikheil Saakashvili</a>, David Bezhuashvili because he (Chkhartishvili) had fallen out of favour with Saakashvili's government and was trying to avoid arrest for financial abuses.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a subsequent article the same newspaper reported that the shares sold by Chkhartishvili to Bezhuashvili amounted to 50% of the company.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2006 it was reported that Rustavi 2 (by this time wholly owned by a close ally of the then Georgian defence minister) bought 78% of shares in Mze, the remaining 22% being retained by Bezhaushvili via his company SakCementi. It was also reported that as a result of the deal, Mze would become an entertainment channel.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cessation_of_political_programming">Cessation of political programming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Cessation of political programming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first concerns over possible government interference with the editorial independence of Mze came in 2004, when opposition politicians raised the alarm, suggesting that Mze, along with Georgia's other leading independent TV station at the time, Rustavi 2, had cancelled political talk shows at the government's behest. This was denied by the then Parliamentary Chairperson, Nino Burjanadze, who said she believed that the broadcasters had cancelled the programmes in question in order to ‘launch new projects’.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2005 Mze announced it would take its daily political talk show <i>Archevanis Zgvarze</i> (<i>On the Edge of Choice</i>) off air. It was reported that Irakli Imnaishvili, the show's anchor, announced on air on July 6 that his show would go out for the last time on July 8. Apparently this move came days after a key government member, Giga Bokeria, criticised Mze's coverage of civil unrest in Tbilisi, criticism which led opposition parliamentarians to accuse the government of putting pressure on independent media, which was in turn denied by the government. Mze put the withdrawal of the political talk show down to planned changes in broadcasting schedules. But the same report also said that <i>On the Edge of Choice</i> had been temporarily cancelled earlier that year after experts invited on to the programme failed to corroborate the official explanation for the death of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Zurab_Zhvania" title="Zurab Zhvania">Zurab Zhvania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008 it was announced that Mze would cease broadcasting news programmes due to a planned reorganization.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commentary_on_Mze_from_Georgian_and_international_watchdogs_and_the_US_Department_of_State">Commentary on Mze from Georgian and international watchdogs and the US Department of State</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Commentary on Mze from Georgian and international watchdogs and the US Department of State"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In its 2005 Country Report (Georgia) on Human Rights Practices the US Department of State said that government pressure on the media had been reported. It noted Mze's cancellation of <i>On the Edge of Choice</i> and observed that the programme was often critical of the government. The cancellation, it said, ‘occurred shortly after an influential parliamentarian appeared on the show and criticized comments made by the program host. The government denied any connection with the cancellation.’<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its 2007 Country Report on Human Rights Practices in Georgia the State Department noted that, ‘Observers believed that some members of the government directed pro-government television stations, notably Rustavi-2 and Mze, to provide positive coverage of the government.’<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cancellation of <i>On The Edge Of Choice</i> was also recorded in Freedom House's 2006 report on freedom of the press in Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its 2009 report on the same subject observed that ever since the government forced independent TV station Imedi off air in 2007 the authorities had sought to ensure the leading independent television channels were controlled by government allies. ‘As a result, stations such as Rustavi 2, Mze, and Imedi TV—which resumed broadcasting in September under a new owner—have maintained a strong progovernment line’, the report commented.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 May 2004 the International Federation of Human Rights, an umbrella group of 164 human rights organisations worldwide, declared its concern over restrictions on the media in Georgia in an open letter to the country's authorities. It discussed the unexpected February cancellation of Mze's ‘highly rated’ political talk show, ‘Night Mzera’ hosted by Inga Grigolia. It disputed the claims of a Mze representative that the cancellation was temporary, saying that Grigolia had already quit the channel. The letter also linked that cancellation with Rustavi 2's cancellation of its popular political talk show on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a 2005 article about Georgia entitled Opposition Politics, the British Helsinki Human Rights Group commented that Mze had been prevented from broadcasting the funerals of Georgian troops who had died in a ‘debacle’ in Georgia's breakaway region of South Ossetia and that the station had been censured about its reporting of Prime Minister Zhvania's death.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Human Rights Centre, a Georgian non-governmental organisation, published an extensive report on the situation of the Georgian media from 2003 to 2007 called '<a href="/wiki/Putinization" class="mw-redirect" title="Putinization">Putinization</a> of Georgia: Georgian media after the Rose Revolution'. In the report the authors suggested that the ‘reorganisation’ of Mze, with news programmes being cancelled, might possibly be connected to the channel's live broadcast of a raid on a protest rally in Tbilisi's city centre.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Status_now">Status now</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Status now"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vano Chkhartishvili now lives in London. He has founded another television company, Mzera and has announced the launch of a campaign to reclaim Mze.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722173148/http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=3190">"The Georgian Times on the Web: Comprehensive news site, daily international, national and local news coverage, breaking news updates, sports, reviews"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=3190">the original</a> on 2011-07-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Georgian+Times+on+the+Web%3A+Comprehensive+news+site%2C+daily+international%2C+national+and+local+news+coverage%2C+breaking+news+updates%2C+sports%2C+reviews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geotimes.ge%2Findex.php%3Fm%3Dhome%26newsid%3D3190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMze+TV" class="Z3988"></span>, 'The Richest Georgians of the World, The Georgian Times, 15 February 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=18619">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=18619</a> Mze TV Suspends News, Civil Georgia, Tbilisi, 26 June 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5btt_news%5d=26679">http://www.jamestown.org/single/?no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5btt_news%5d=26679</a> Article in <i>Rezonansi</i> from July 26, 2004 cited in an article by Zaal Anjaparidze ‘Georgian Media Shackled after Rose Revolution’ in the Jamestown Foundation’s <i>Eurasia Daily Monitor</i>, July 28, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=9202">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=9202</a> Newspaper: Government controls the editorial policies of the private TV stations, Civil Georgia, 28 February 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=11454">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=11454</a> Rustavi 2 Broadcaster Buys into Mze, Civil Georgia, 4 January 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=6192">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=6192</a> ‘Opposition concerned over freedom of speech’ www.civil.ge, Tbilisi, 9 January 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=10305">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=10305</a> ‘Authorities accused as TV station takes talk-show off air’ www.civil.ge, 7 July 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=18619">http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=18619</a> Mze TV Suspends News, Civil Georgia, 26 June 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120113143859/http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61649.htm">United States Department of State</a> US Department of State, 2005 Country Report on Human Rights Practices – Georgia, March 8, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2007/100560.htm">United States Department of State</a> US Department of State, 2007 Country Report on Human Rights Practices - Georgia, March 11, 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2006/Georgia">http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2006/Georgia</a>, Freedom House, 'Freedom of the Press 2006 - Georgia'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2009/georgia">http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-press/2009/georgia</a>, Freedom House, 'Freedom of the Press 2009 - Georgia'</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.fidh.org/Open-Letter-to-the-Georgian,1031">http://www.fidh.org/Open-Letter-to-the-Georgian,1031</a>, Sidiki Kaba, President, IFHD, Open Letter to the Georgian Authorities, 3 March 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://bhhrg.org/georgia/141-georgia-2005-opposition-politics.html">http://bhhrg.org/georgia/141-georgia-2005-opposition-politics.html</a>, British Helsinki Human Rights Group, Georgia 2005: Opposition Politics, 21 December 2005</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.humanrights.ge/admin/editor/uploads/files/Georgian%20Media%20after%20the%20Rose%20revolution.pdf">http://www.humanrights.ge/admin/editor/uploads/files/Georgian%20Media%20after%20the%20Rose%20revolution.pdf</a>, Eka Kevanishvili, Simon Papuashvili, Putinization of Georgia: Georgian media after the Rose Revolution</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.media.ge/en/stories/23mayvanochkhartishvilis,">Vano Chkhartishvili's Press Secretary's Briefing on Getting Back TV Company Mze, Media.ge, 22 May 2012</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mze_TV&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tvmze.ge/">tvmze.ge</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:1%">Free to air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Channel_(Georgian_TV_channel)" title="First Channel (Georgian TV channel)">First Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustavi_2" title="Rustavi 2">Rustavi 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imedi_Media_Holding" title="Imedi Media Holding">Imedi TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mtavari_Arkhi" title="Mtavari Arkhi">Mtavari Arkhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maestro_(TV_channel)" title="Maestro (TV channel)">Maestro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Sakartvelo" title="TV Sakartvelo">TV Tabula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajara_TV" title="Ajara TV">Ajara TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subscription television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adjarasport" title="Adjarasport">Adjarasport 1 and 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MagtiCom" title="MagtiCom">Magti Hit, Magti Kino and Chveni Magti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Channel_%E2%80%94_Teleschool" title="First Channel — Teleschool">First Channel — Teleschool</a></li> <li>Kanal PIK</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mze TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt-Info" title="Alt-Info">Alt-Info</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Sakartvelo" title="TV Sakartvelo">TV Sakartvelo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div 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