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is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.16540">arXiv:2409.16540</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.16540">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2409.16540">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Quantum Authenticated Key Expansion with Key Recycling </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kon%2C+W+Y">Wen Yu Kon</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Chu%2C+J">Jefferson Chu</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Loh%2C+K+H+Y">Kevin Han Yong Loh</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Amer%2C+O">Omar Amer</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Pistoia%2C+M">Marco Pistoia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Chakraborty%2C+K">Kaushik Chakraborty</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Lim%2C+C">Charles Lim</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.16540v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and k… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.16540v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2409.16540v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2409.16540v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Data privacy and authentication are two main security requirements for remote access and cloud services. While QKD has been explored to address data privacy concerns, oftentimes its use is separate from the client authentication protocol despite implicitly providing authentication. Here, we present a quantum authentication key expansion (QAKE) protocol that (1) integrates both authentication and key expansion within a single protocol, and (2) provides key recycling property -- allowing all authentication keys to be reused. We analyse the security of the protocol in a QAKE framework adapted from a classical authentication key exchange (AKE) framework, providing separate security conditions for authentication and data privacy. An experimental implementation of the protocol, with appropriate post-selection, was performed to demonstrate its feasibility. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2409.16540v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2409.16540v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 September, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> September 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">71 pages, comments are welcome</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.04415">arXiv:2405.04415</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.04415">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2405.04415">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> 100 Gbps Quantum-safe IPsec VPN Tunnels over 46 km Deployed Fiber </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Huang%2C+A">Albert Huang</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Luo%2C+H">Huan Luo</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Amer%2C+O">Omar Amer</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Pistoia%2C+M">Marco Pistoia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Lim%2C+C">Charles Lim</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.04415v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We demonstrated for the first time quantum-safe high-speed 100 Gbps site-to-site IPsec tunnels secured using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. The demonstration was conducted between two JPMorgan Chase Data Centers (DCs) in an air-gapped environment over 46 km of deployed telecom fiber across Singapore achieving 45 days of continuous operation. Two different Virtual Private Network (VPN)… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.04415v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2405.04415v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2405.04415v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We demonstrated for the first time quantum-safe high-speed 100 Gbps site-to-site IPsec tunnels secured using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. The demonstration was conducted between two JPMorgan Chase Data Centers (DCs) in an air-gapped environment over 46 km of deployed telecom fiber across Singapore achieving 45 days of continuous operation. Two different Virtual Private Network (VPN) tunnel configurations were tested: (1) a QKD-secured VPN tunnel configuration with a maximum throughput of 80 Gbps and (2) a multi-VPN tunnel configuration exhibiting 12 QKD-secured VPN tunnels with a throughput of 8.39 Gbps per tunnel resulting in an aggregated throughput of 99.62 Gbps for all tunnels. For the QKD system performance, we achieved an average Secret Key Rate (SKR) of 7.4 kbps (about 29 AES-256 keys per second), an average Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER) of 0.8% and an average visibility of 98.6%. We utilized the ETSI-QKD-014 REST-based Application Programming Interface (API) to exchange the QKD generated keys between the key management server in the QKD system and the next-generation firewalls in order to encrypt and decrypt the data. The data was encrypted by the quantum-safe keys using the AES-256-GCM cipher suite with a key refresh rate of 120 seconds without affecting the VPN tunnel connectivity and performance <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2405.04415v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2405.04415v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 7 May, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2024. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.13503">arXiv:2403.13503</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.13503">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> First Demonstration of 25位 x 10 Gb/s C+L Band Classical / DV-QKD Co-Existence Over Single Bidirectional Fiber Link </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Honz%2C+F">Florian Honz</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Prawits%2C+F">Florian Prawits</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Sakr%2C+H">Hesham Sakr</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bradley%2C+T">Thomas Bradley</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+C">Cong Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Slav%C3%ADk%2C+R">Radan Slav铆k</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Poletti%2C+F">Francesco Poletti</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G">George Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reza Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Walther%2C+P">Philip Walther</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">Dimitra Simeonidou</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=H%C3%BCbel%2C+H">Hannes H眉bel</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Schrenk%2C+B">Bernhard Schrenk</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.13503v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> As quantum key distribution has reached the maturity level for practical deployment, questions about the co-integration with existing classical communication systems are of utmost importance. To this end we demonstrate how the co-propagation of classical and quantum signals can benefit from the development of novel hollow-core fibers. We demonstrate a secure key rate of 330 bit/s for a quantum cha… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.13503v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2403.13503v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2403.13503v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> As quantum key distribution has reached the maturity level for practical deployment, questions about the co-integration with existing classical communication systems are of utmost importance. To this end we demonstrate how the co-propagation of classical and quantum signals can benefit from the development of novel hollow-core fibers. We demonstrate a secure key rate of 330 bit/s for a quantum channel at 1538 nm in the presence of 25 x 10 Gb/s classical channels, transmitted at an aggregated launch power of 12 dBm, spanning over the C+L-band in the same hollow-core fiber link. Furthermore, we show the co-integration of the classical key-distillation channel onto this fiber link, turning it into a bidirectional fiber link and thereby mitigating the need for multiple fibers. We believe this to be an important step towards the deployment and integration of hollow-core fibers together with DV-QKD for the inherently secure telecom network of the future. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2403.13503v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2403.13503v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 20 March, 2024; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2024. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.09051">arXiv:2211.09051</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2211.09051">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2211.09051">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2645095">10.1117/12.2645095 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Entanglement distribution quantum networking within deployed telecommunications fibre-optic infrastructure </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+M+J">Marcus J Clark</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+R">Rui Wang</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bahrani%2C+S">Sima Bahrani</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Peranic%2C+M">Matej Peranic</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Aktas%2C+D">Djeylan Aktas</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G+T">George T Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Loncaric%2C+M">Martin Loncaric</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Samec%2C+Z">Zeljko Samec</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Radman%2C+A">Anton Radman</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Stipcevic%2C+M">Mario Stipcevic</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reza Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">Dimitra Simeonidou</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Rarity%2C+J+G">John G Rarity</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Joshi%2C+S+K">Siddarth K Joshi</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.09051v4-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Quantum networks have been shown to connect users with full-mesh topologies without trusted nodes. We present advancements on our scalable polarisation entanglement-based quantum network testbed, which has the ability to perform protocols beyond simple quantum key distribution. Our approach utilises wavelength multiplexing, which is ideal for quantum networks across local metropolitan areas due to… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.09051v4-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2211.09051v4-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2211.09051v4-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Quantum networks have been shown to connect users with full-mesh topologies without trusted nodes. We present advancements on our scalable polarisation entanglement-based quantum network testbed, which has the ability to perform protocols beyond simple quantum key distribution. Our approach utilises wavelength multiplexing, which is ideal for quantum networks across local metropolitan areas due to the ease of connecting additional users to the network without increasing the resource requirements per user. We show a 10 user fully connected quantum network with metropolitan scale deployed fibre links, demonstrating polarisation stability and the ability to generate secret keys over a period of 10.8 days with a network wide average-effective secret key rate of 3.38 bps. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2211.09051v4-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2211.09051v4-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 10 February, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 16 November, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">8 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, SPIE Photonex 2022 conference proceedings</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Proc. SPIE 12335, Quantum Technology: Driving Commercialisation of an Enabling Science III, 123350E (11 January 2023) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.00233">arXiv:2210.00233</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.00233">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2023.3256352">10.1109/JLT.2023.3256352 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Demonstration of 17位 x 10 Gb/s C-Band Classical / DV-QKD Co-Existence Over Hollow-Core Fiber Link </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Honz%2C+F">Florian Honz</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Prawits%2C+F">Florian Prawits</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Sakr%2C+H">Hessam Sakr</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bradley%2C+T">Thomas Bradley</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Zhang%2C+C">Cong Zhang</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Slav%C3%ADk%2C+R">Radan Slav铆k</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Poletti%2C+F">Francesco Poletti</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G">George Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reza Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Walther%2C+P">Philip Walther</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">Dimitra Simeonidou</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=H%C3%BCbel%2C+H">Hannes H眉bel</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Schrenk%2C+B">Bernhard Schrenk</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2210.00233v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We successfully integrate coherent one-way QKD at 1538 nm in a 7.7 km long hollow-core fiber link with 17 EDFA-boosted C-band data channels from 1540.56 to 1558.17 nm, aggregating a power of 11 dBm. QKD operation proves successful despite the wideband layout of classical channels. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2210.00233v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We successfully integrate coherent one-way QKD at 1538 nm in a 7.7 km long hollow-core fiber link with 17 EDFA-boosted C-band data channels from 1540.56 to 1558.17 nm, aggregating a power of 11 dBm. QKD operation proves successful despite the wideband layout of classical channels. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2210.00233v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2210.00233v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 1 October, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2022. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13584">arXiv:2208.13584</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2208.13584">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00187-w">10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00187-w <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Polarization compensation methods for quantum communication networks </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Peranic%2C+M">Matej Peranic</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Clark%2C+M">Marcus Clark</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wang%2C+R">Rui Wang</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bahrani%2C+S">Sima Bahrani</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Wengerowsky%2C+S">Soren Wengerowsky</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Radman%2C+A">Anton Radman</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Loncaric%2C+M">Martin Loncaric</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Stipcevic%2C+M">Mario Stipcevic</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Rarity%2C+J">John Rarity</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reza Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Joshi%2C+S+K">Siddarth K Joshi</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2208.13584v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The information-theoretic unconditional security offered by quantum key distribution has spurred the development of larger quantum communication networks. However, as these networks grow so does the strong need to reduce complexity and overheads. Polarization based entanglement distribution networks are a promising approach due to their scalability and lack of trusted nodes. Nevertheless, they are… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2208.13584v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2208.13584v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2208.13584v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The information-theoretic unconditional security offered by quantum key distribution has spurred the development of larger quantum communication networks. However, as these networks grow so does the strong need to reduce complexity and overheads. Polarization based entanglement distribution networks are a promising approach due to their scalability and lack of trusted nodes. Nevertheless, they are only viable if the birefringence of all optical distribution fibres in the network is compensated to preserve the polarization based quantum state. The brute force approach would require a few hundred fibre polarization controllers for even a moderately sized network. Instead, we propose and investigate four different methods of polarization compensation. We compare them based on complexity, effort, level of disruption to network operations and performance. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2208.13584v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2208.13584v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 30 November, 2023; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 29 August, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2022. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> EPJ Quantum Technol. 10, 30 (2023) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.14621">arXiv:2203.14621</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.14621">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2203.14621">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Systems and Control">eess.SY</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2022.3180232">10.1109/JLT.2022.3180232 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> DV-QKD Coexistence With 1.6 Tbps Classical Channels Over Hollow Core Fibre </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Tessinari%2C+R+S">Rodrigo S Tessinari</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bahrani%2C+S">Sima Bahrani</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bradley%2C+T+D">Thomas D Bradley</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Sakr%2C+H">Hesham Sakr</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Harrington%2C+K">Kerrianne Harrington</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hayes%2C+J">John Hayes</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+Y">Yong Chen</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Petropoulos%2C+P">Periklis Petropoulos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Richardson%2C+D">David Richardson</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Poletti%2C+F">Francesco Poletti</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G+T">George T Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reja Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">Dimitra Simeonidou</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2203.14621v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The feasibility of coexisting a quantum channel with carrier-grade classical optical channels over Hollow Core Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Fibre (HC-NANF) is experimentally explored for the first time in terms of achievable quantum bit error rate (QBER), secret key rate (SKR) as well as classical signal bit error rates (BER). A coexistence transmission of 1.6 Tbps is achieved for the classical ch… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2203.14621v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2203.14621v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2203.14621v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The feasibility of coexisting a quantum channel with carrier-grade classical optical channels over Hollow Core Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Fibre (HC-NANF) is experimentally explored for the first time in terms of achievable quantum bit error rate (QBER), secret key rate (SKR) as well as classical signal bit error rates (BER). A coexistence transmission of 1.6 Tbps is achieved for the classical channels simultaneously with a quantum channel over a 2 km-long HC-NANF with a total coexistence power of 0 dBm. To find the best and worst wavelength position for the classical channels, we simulated different classical channels bands with different spacing between the quantum and classical channels considering the crosstalk generated from both Raman scattering and four-wave-mixing (FWM) on the quantum channel. Following our simulation, we numerically estimate the best (Raman spectrum dip) and worst locations (Raman spectrum peak) of the classical channel with respect to its impact on the performance on the quantum channel in terms of SKR and QBER. We further implemented a testbed to experimentally test both single mode fibre (SMF) and HC-NANF in the best and worst-case scenarios. In the best-case scenario, the spacing between quantum and classical is 200 GHz (1.6 nm) with 50 GHz (0.4 nm) spacing between each classical channel. The SKR was preserved without any noticeable changes when coexisting the quantum channel with eight classical channels at 0 dBm total coexistence power in HC-NANF compared to a significant drop of 73% when using SMF at -24 dBm total coexistence power which is 250 times lower than the power used in HC-NANF. In the worst-case scenario using the same powers, and with 1 THz (8 nm) spacing between quantum and classical channels, the SKR dropped 10% using the HC-NANF, whereas in the SMF the SKR plummeted to zero. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2203.14621v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2203.14621v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 March, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> March 2022. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2108.11145">arXiv:2108.11145</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2108.11145">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2108.11145">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Systems and Control">eess.SY</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2022.3183962">10.1109/JLT.2022.3183962 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Dynamic DV-QKD Networking in Fully-Meshed Software-Defined Optical Networks </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">Obada Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Tessinari%2C+R+S">Rodrigo Stange Tessinari</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hugues-Salas%2C+E">Emilio Hugues-Salas</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G+T">George T. Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">Reza Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">Dimitra Simeonidou</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2108.11145v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We demonstrate for the first time a four-node trusted-node-free metro network configuration with dynamic discrete-variable quantum key distribution DV-QKD networking capabilities across four optical network nodes. The network allows the dynamic deployment of any QKD link between two nodes of the network, while a QKD-aware centralised software-defined networking (SDN) controller is utilised to prov… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2108.11145v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2108.11145v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2108.11145v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We demonstrate for the first time a four-node trusted-node-free metro network configuration with dynamic discrete-variable quantum key distribution DV-QKD networking capabilities across four optical network nodes. The network allows the dynamic deployment of any QKD link between two nodes of the network, while a QKD-aware centralised software-defined networking (SDN) controller is utilised to provide dynamicity in switching and rerouting. The feasibility of coexisting a quantum channel with carrier-grade classical optical channels where both the quantum and classical channels are in the C-band over field-deployed metropolitan networks and laboratory-based fibres (<10km) is experimentally explored in terms of achievable quantum bit error rate, secret key rate as well as classical signal bit error rate. Moreover, coexistence analysis over multi-hops configuration using different switching scenarios is also presented. The secret key rate dropped 43% when coexisting one classical channel with 150 GHz spacing from the quantum channel for multiple links. This is due to the noise leakage from the Raman scattering into the 100 GHz bandwidth of the internal filter of the Bob DV-QKD unit. When coexisting four classical channels with 150 GHz spacing between the quantum and the nearest classical channel, the quantum channel deteriorates faster due to the combination of Raman noise, other nonlinearities and high aggregated launch power causing the QBER value to exceed the threshold of 6% leading the SKR to reach a value of zero bps at a launch power of 7 dB per channel. Furthermore, the coexistence of a quantum channel and six classical channels through a field-deployed fibre test network is examined. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2108.11145v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2108.11145v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 15 June, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 25 August, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> August 2021. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE Journal of Lightwave Technology</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.14560">arXiv:2106.14560</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.14560">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2106.14560">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Quantum Physics">quant-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Systems and Control">eess.SY</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> 1.6 Tbps Classical Channel Coexistence With DV-QKD Over Hollow Core Nested Antiresonant Nodeless Fibre (HC-NANF) </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Alia%2C+O">O. Alia</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Tessinari%2C+R+S">R. S. Tessinari</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Bradley%2C+T+D">T. D. Bradley</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Sakr%2C+H">H. Sakr</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Harrington%2C+K">K. Harrington</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Hayes%2C+J">J. Hayes</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Chen%2C+Y">Y. Chen</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Petropoulos%2C+P">P. Petropoulos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Richardson%2C+D">D. Richardson</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Poletti%2C+F">F. Poletti</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Kanellos%2C+G+T">G. T. Kanellos</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Nejabati%2C+R">R. Nejabati</a>, <a href="/search/quant-ph?searchtype=author&query=Simeonidou%2C+D">D. Simeonidou</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2106.14560v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We demonstrate for the first time the coexistence of a quantum-channel and 8x200 Gpbs 16-QAM optical channels with launching powers as high as -9dBm per channel in a 2 km HC-NANF. Comparative analysis with single-mode fibre reveals that the quantum channel could not be sustained at such power levels. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2106.14560v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We demonstrate for the first time the coexistence of a quantum-channel and 8x200 Gpbs 16-QAM optical channels with launching powers as high as -9dBm per channel in a 2 km HC-NANF. Comparative analysis with single-mode fibre reveals that the quantum channel could not be sustained at such power levels. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2106.14560v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2106.14560v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 28 March, 2022; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 28 June, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2021. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">3 pages, 3 figure, submitted for ECOC2021</span> </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a 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