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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioloogia" title="Ioloogia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ioloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%AD%ED%95%99_(%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99)" title="역학 (철학) – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="역학 (철학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%86%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Ицзинистика – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ицзинистика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3738441#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> 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lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6" 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data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" 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</div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3738441" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>易学</b>是关于《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%BB%8F" title="易经">易经</a>》和事物变易的学问。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="易学"><span id=".E6.98.93.E5.AD.A6"></span>易学</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：易学"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>易学基本有以下要素： </p> <ol><li>易理：<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E9%98%B3" title="阴阳">阴阳</a>消长，互补转化。可分为： <ul><li>“变易”：事物都是运动变化的；</li> <li>“易简”：执简驭繁，多样性中求统一；</li> <li>“不易”：多样变化之中守常制恒的规律。</li></ul></li> <li>易象：是易理的符号化，由--<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B4%E7%88%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="阴爻">阴爻</a>，—<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E7%88%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="阳爻">阳爻</a>按<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9" title="天">天</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0" class="mw-disambig" title="地">地</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA" title="人">人</a>的关系组成乾、坤、震、巽、坎、离、艮、兑<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%8D%A6" title="八卦">八卦</a>，象征天、地、雷、风、水、火、山、泽。后来，观察到的事物越来越广泛，卦与卦的关系也需探讨，进而出现重卦，即<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%A6" title="六十四卦">六十四卦</a>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%93%E6%95%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="易数（页面不存在）">易数</a>：类似于<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6" title="数学">数学</a>。</li></ol> <p>从古到今，易学的主要载体《易经》也是不断发展变化的，从《<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%A3%E5%B1%B1%E6%98%93" class="mw-redirect" title="連山易">连山</a>》、《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%92%E8%97%8F" title="归藏">归藏</a>》、《元包》到《帛书周易》，再到《<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E6%98%93" class="mw-redirect" title="周易">周易</a>》，各不相同。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="易學流傳"><span id=".E6.98.93.E5.AD.B8.E6.B5.81.E5.82.B3"></span>易學流傳</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：易學流傳"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E7%B6%93#流傳與學派" class="mw-redirect" title="易經">易經 § 流傳與學派</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="西漢"><span id=".E8.A5.BF.E6.BC.A2"></span>西漢</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：西漢"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>西漢時，易學主要分為四派 </p> <ol><li>第一派為主流三派（<b>施氏學</b>、<b>孟氏學</b>、<b>梁丘氏學</b>），傳承如下： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E5%AD%90" title="孔子">孔子</a>傳<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">魯</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E7%9E%BF" title="商瞿">商瞿</a>（字子木），再傳<a href="/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E5%9B%BD" title="鲁国">魯</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%8B%E5%BA%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="橋庇（页面不存在）">橋庇</a>（字：子庸），再傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="江東">江東</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AF%E8%87%82" title="馯臂">馯臂</a>（字：子弓），再傳<a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95" class="mw-disambig" title="燕">燕</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E9%86%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="周醜（页面不存在）">周醜</a>（字：子家），再傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="東武">東武</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E8%99%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孫虞（页面不存在）">孫虞</a>（字：子乘），再傳<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="齊">齊</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E4%BD%95" title="田何">田何</a>（字：子裝）。<b>田何</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="東武">東武</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%90%8C" title="王同">王同</a>（字：子中）、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%92%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="雒阳">雒陽</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%91%A8%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="周王孫（页面不存在）">周王孫</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%AE%BD" title="丁宽">丁寬</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%BD%8A%E6%9C%8D%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="齊服生（页面不存在）">齊服生</a>和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A2%81%E9%A0%85%E7%94%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="梁項生（页面不存在）">梁項生</a>。 <ol><li><b>王同</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%84%E5%B7%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="淄川">淄川</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%8A%E4%BD%95" title="楊何">楊何</a>（字叔元）。</li> <li><b>丁寬</b>本為<b>梁項生</b>徒，後再直接師從<b>田何</b>，並學於<b>周王孫</b>。後來，<b>丁寬</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B0%E7%8E%8B%E5%AD%99" title="田王孙">田王孫</a>，<b>田王孫</b>再傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E8%AE%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="施讎">施讎</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%96%9C" title="孟喜">孟喜</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E4%B8%98%E8%B3%80" title="梁丘賀">梁丘賀</a>。 <ol><li><b>施氏學</b>：<b>施讎</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E7%A6%B9_(%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%89)" title="张禹 (西汉)">張禹</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%85%E9%82%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="琅邪">琅邪</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%AF%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魯伯（页面不存在）">魯伯</a>。 <ul><li><b>施家張學</b>、<b>施家彭學</b>：<b>張禹</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="淮陽">淮陽</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%AE%A3" title="彭宣">彭宣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="沛">沛</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%B4%E5%B4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="戴崇（页面不存在）">戴崇</a>（字：子平）。</li> <li><b>琅邪魯伯</b>傳<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="太山">太山</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%9B%E8%8E%AB%E5%A6%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毛莫如（页面不存在）">毛莫如</a>（字：少路）、<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%85%E9%82%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="琅邪">琅邪</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%B4%E4%B8%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邴丹（页面不存在）">邴丹</a>（字：曼容）。</li></ul></li> <li><b>孟氏學</b>：有說<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%96%9C" title="孟喜">孟喜</a>傳<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E8%B3%93" title="趙賓">趙賓</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E5%BB%B6%E5%AF%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="焦延寿">焦延壽</a>，但皆不知真假。</li> <li><b>梁丘氏學</b>：<b>梁丘賀</b>除了師從<b>田王孫</b>外，還師從<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E6%88%BF_(%E9%BD%8A%E9%83%A1%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%88)" title="京房 (齊郡太守)">京房</a>。</li></ol></li></ol></li></ul></li> <li>第二派為<b>京氏學</b>，傳承如下： <ul><li>隱士（一說<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%96%9C" title="孟喜">孟喜</a>）傳<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E5%BB%B6%E5%AF%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="焦延寿">焦延壽</a>，再傳<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E6%88%BF_(%E9%AD%8F%E9%83%A1%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%88)" title="京房 (魏郡太守)">京房</a>，京房傳<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="東海">東海</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AE%B7%E5%98%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="殷嘉（页面不存在）">殷嘉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-disambig" title="河東">河東</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E5%B9%B3" title="姚平">姚平</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97" class="mw-redirect" title="河南">河南</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%98%E5%BC%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乘弘（页面不存在）">乘弘</a>。</li></ul></li> <li>第三派為<b>高氏學</b>，傳承如下： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%9B%B8" title="高相">高相</a>自言學於<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%AE%BD" title="丁宽">丁寬</a>，傳<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="子康（页面不存在）">子康</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E9%99%B5" class="mw-disambig" title="兰陵">蘭陵</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AF%8B%E5%B0%87%E6%B0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="毋將永（页面不存在）">毋將永</a>。</li></ul></li> <li>第四派為<b>費氏學</b>，傳承如下： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E7%9B%B4" title="费直">費直</a>（長於卦筮，亡章句，徒以彖象系辭十篇文言解說上下經）傳<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%85%E9%82%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="琅邪">琅邪</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%92%9C" class="mw-disambig" title="王璜">王璜</a>（字：平中；又傳<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%87%E5%B0%9A%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="古文尚書">古文尚書</a>）。</li></ul></li> <li>第五派為<b>韓氏學</b>，傳承如下： <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%95" class="mw-disambig" title="燕">燕</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%AC%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="韓嬰">韓嬰</a>後有（不一定是直接傳承，可能是累傳）<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%BF%E9%83%A1" title="涿郡">涿郡</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E7%94%9F" title="韩生">韓生</a>，再傳<a href="/wiki/%E8%93%8B%E5%AF%AC%E9%A5%92" title="蓋寬饒">蓋寬饒</a>（本師從<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%96%9C" title="孟喜">孟喜</a>）。</li></ul></li></ol> <ul><li>高氏學和費氏學皆無學官。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%93%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《漢書·卷八十八·儒林傳第五十八》</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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