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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_cèilidhean" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_cèilidhean"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern <i>cèilidhean</i></span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modern_cèilidhean-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modern <i>cèilidhean</i> subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modern_cèilidhean-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_Scotland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Scotland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>In Scotland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Scotland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Northern_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Northern_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>In Northern Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Northern_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Ireland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Ireland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>In Ireland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Ireland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_and_background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_and_background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>History and background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_and_background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dance_form_and_style" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dance_form_and_style"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Dance form and style</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dance_form_and_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_ceili_dances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_ceili_dances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.3</span> <span>Social ceili dances</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_ceili_dances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Similar_gatherings_in_England" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_gatherings_in_England"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Similar gatherings in England</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_gatherings_in_England-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9il%C3%AD" title="Céilí – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Céilí" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_(bal)" title="Céilí (bal) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Céilí (bal)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9il%C3%AD" title="Céilí – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Céilí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A8ilidh" title="Cèilidh – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cèilidh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9ilidh" title="Céilidh – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Céilidh" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A9il%C3%AD&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Céilí">Céilí</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Irish and Scottish social gathering</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the cryptosystem, see <a href="/wiki/CEILIDH" title="CEILIDH">CEILIDH</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/330px--Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="330" height="186" data-durationhint="47" data-mwtitle="Ceili_dance_(Alexandria,_VA,_2019).webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Ceili_dance_(Alexandria,_VA,_2019).webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/70/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm/Ceili_dance_%28Alexandria%2C_VA%2C_2019%29.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>A <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> dance in <a href="/wiki/Alexandria,_Virginia" title="Alexandria, Virginia">Alexandria, Virginia</a>, United States</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span></b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KAY</span>-lee</i></a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Scottish Gaelic:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="gd-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Scottish_Gaelic" title="Help:IPA/Scottish Gaelic">[ˈkʲʰeːlɪ]</a></span>) or <b><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span></b> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Irish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˈceːlʲiː]</a></span>) is a traditional Scottish and Irish social gathering. In its most basic form, it simply means a social visit. In contemporary usage, it usually involves <a href="/wiki/Dance_(event)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dance (event)">dancing</a> and playing <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_music" title="Gaelic music">Gaelic folk music</a>, either at a home or a larger concert at a social hall or other community gathering place. </p><p><span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Cèilidhean</i></span> (plural of <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span>) and <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilithe</i></span> (plural of <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span>) originated in the <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaelic</a> areas of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> and are consequently common in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_diaspora" title="Scottish diaspora">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diasporas</a>. They are similar to the <span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw"><a href="/wiki/Troyl" title="Troyl">troyl</a></i></span> traditions in Cornwall and <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Twmpath" title="Twmpath">twmpath</a></i></span> and <span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Noson_lawen" title="Noson lawen">noson lawen</a></i></span> events in Wales, <i>merry neets</i> in <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_East_England" title="North East England">North East England</a>, as well as English <a href="/wiki/Country_dance" title="Country dance">country dance</a> throughout England which have in some areas undergone a fusion with céilithe. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Old_Irish" title="Old Irish">Old Irish</a> <span title="Old Irish (to 900)-language text"><i lang="sga">céle</i></span> (singular) meaning 'companion'. It later became <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">céilidh</i></span> and <span title="Middle Irish (900-1200)-language text"><i lang="mga">céilidhe</i></span>, which means 'visit' in <a href="/wiki/Goidelic_languages" title="Goidelic languages">Gaelic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_orthography" title="Scottish Gaelic orthography">Scottish Gaelic reformed spelling</a> it is spelt <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> (plural <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span>) and in <a href="/wiki/Irish_orthography" title="Irish orthography">Irish reformed spelling</a> as <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> (plural <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilithe</i></span>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Originally, a <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> was a social gathering of any sort, and did not necessarily involve dancing: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> The 'ceilidh' is a literary entertainment where stories and tales, poems and ballads, are rehearsed and recited, and songs are sung, conundrums are put, proverbs are quoted, and many other literary matters are related and discussed</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Carmichael" title="Alexander Carmichael">Carmichael, Alexander</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Carmina_Gadelica" title="Carmina Gadelica">Carmina Gadelica</a></i>, 1900, tome I, p. xxviii.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> The ceilidh of the Western Hebrides corresponds to the <span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br">veillée</i></span> of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Brittany" title="Lower Brittany">Lower Brittany</a> ... and to similar story-telling festivals which formerly flourished among all the Celtic peoples</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Wentz, W. Y. Evans, The Fairy-faith in Celtic countries, Oxford University Press, 1911, p. 32.</cite></div></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> On long, dark winter nights it is still the custom in small villages for friends to collect in a house and hold what they call a "ceilidh" (pronounced kay'lee). Young and old are entertained by the reciters of old poems and legendary stories which deal with ancient beliefs, the doings of traditional heroes and heroines, and so on. Some sing old and new songs set to old music or new music composed in the manner of the old.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Donald_Alexander_Mackenzie" title="Donald Alexander Mackenzie">Mackenzie, Donald A.</a>, Wonder Tales from Scottish Myth and Legend, 1917, p. 14.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>In more recent decades, the dancing portion of the event has usurped the older meanings of the term, though the tradition of guests performing music, songs, storytelling, and poetry still persists in some areas. </p><p><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilithe</i></span>/<i>Cèilidhean</i> were originally hosted by a <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">fear-an-tigh</i></span> (or, in contemporary Scottish Gaelic orthography, <i>fear-an-taighe</i>), meaning 'man of the house'. The Scottish Gaelic feminine and gender-neutral equivalents are <i>bean-an-taighe</i> (woman of the house) and <i>duine-an-taighe</i> (person of the house), respectively. The use of these or similar terms is still the form in much of Ireland and Hebridean Scotland, and at gatherings elsewhere at which either Irish or Scottish Gaelic is the predominant social language. In modern events at which English predominates, the host is usually instead referred to as simply the "host" or "master of ceremonies".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_cèilidhean"><span id="Modern_c.C3.A8ilidhean"></span>Modern <i>cèilidhean</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern cèilidhean"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_(27162471004).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg/170px-Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg/255px-Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg/340px-Northern_Constabulary_Pipe_Band_Fundraising_Ceilidh_at_North_Kessock_near_Inverness_Scotland_%2827162471004%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3258" data-file-height="2334" /></a><figcaption>The Northern Constabulary Pipe Band Fundraising Cèilidh at North Kessock, Scotland</figcaption></figure> <p>The <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> facilitated courting and prospects of marriage for young people and, although discos and nightclubs have displaced the <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> to a considerable extent, such events are still an important and popular social outlet in rural parts of Scotland and Ireland, especially in the Gaelic-speaking regions. <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Cèilidhean</i></span> are sometimes held on a smaller scale in private or <a href="/wiki/Public_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Public house">public houses</a>, for example in remote rural areas and during busy festivals. </p><p>It is common for some clubs and institutions such as sports clubs, schools and universities and even employers to arrange cèilidhs on a regular—or at least annual—basis. The formality of these can vary. Some mix modern pop music with a Scottish country dancing band and dress codes range from compulsory <a href="/wiki/Highland_dress" title="Highland dress">highland dress</a> to informal. Knowledge and use of the basic dance steps is not always strictly necessary, and dances often alternate with songs, poetry recitals, storytelling and other types of "party pieces". </p><p>Cèilidh music may be provided by an assortment of instruments including <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tin_whistle" title="Tin whistle">tin whistle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">accordion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bodhr%C3%A1n" title="Bodhrán">bodhrán</a> (frame-drum), <a href="/wiki/Hammered_dulcimer" title="Hammered dulcimer">hammered dulcimer</a>, and in more recent times also drums, guitar, mandolin, <a href="/wiki/Bouzouki" title="Bouzouki">bouzouki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_smallpipes" title="Scottish smallpipes">Scottish smallpipes</a>, and electric bass guitar. The music is cheerful and lively, consisting in Ireland mainly of jigs, <a href="/wiki/Reel_(dance)" title="Reel (dance)">reels</a>, hornpipes, polkas, slip-jigs, and waltzes, with Scotland adding <a href="/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)" title="Strathspey (dance)">strathspeys</a>, and England adding regional forms such as the northeastern rant. The basic steps can be learned easily; a short instructional session is often provided for new dancers before the start of the dance itself. In Ireland, the first <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> band was put together in 1926 by Séamus Clandillon, Radio Éireann's director of music, to have dance music for his studio-based programmes.<sup id="cite_ref-eamon_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eamon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dancing at <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> is usually in the form of <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Céilí dance">cèilidh dances</a>, <a href="/wiki/Set_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Set dance">set dances</a>, or couples' dances. A "set" consists of four to eight couples, with each pair of couples facing another in a square or rectangular formation. Each couple exchanges position with the facing couple, and also facing couples exchange partners, while all the time keeping in step with the beat of the music. </p><p>About half of the dances in the modern Scots <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span>, however, are couples' dances performed in a ring. These can be performed by fixed couples or in the more sociable "progressive" manner, with the lady moving to the next gentleman in the ring at or near the end of each repetition of the steps. In Ireland, the similar style of dance is called <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dance or <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">fíor</i></span> ('true') <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dance. Some of the dances are named after famous regiments, historical battles, and events, others after items of daily rural life. The "<a href="/wiki/Gay_Gordons_(dance)" title="Gay Gordons (dance)">gay Gordons</a>", "siege of Ennis", "walls of Limerick", and "stack of barley" are popular dances in this genre. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Step_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Step dancing">Step dancing</a> is another form of dancing often performed at <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilithe</i></span>, the form that was popularised in the 1990s by the <a href="/wiki/Riverdance" title="Riverdance">Riverdance</a> ensemble. Whereas set dancing involves all present, whatever their skill, step dancing is usually reserved for show, being performed only by the most talented of dancers. </p><p>The <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> has been internationalised by the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_diaspora" title="Scottish diaspora">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diasporas</a> in Canada, the United States, Australia, and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, where local <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> and traditional music competitions are held. In recent years, <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> and traditional music competitions have been frequently won by descendants of emigrants. </p><p>It bears mention that <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> are common throughout Nova Scotia. The tradition and the spirit of these gatherings are carried on in most small communities of these <a href="/wiki/Maritime_Provinces" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime Provinces">Maritime Provinces</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Scotland">In Scotland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In Scotland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._(2548929276).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg/170px-Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg/255px-Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg/340px-Description-_Visitors_try_Scottish_ceilidh_dancing_at_the_2003_Smithsonian_Folklife_Festival_on_the_National_Mall._%282548929276%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="2016" /></a><figcaption>Scottish <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> dancing at the 2003 Smithsonian Folklife Festival (Washington, DC)</figcaption></figure> <p>Privately organised <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> in the 2020s are extremely common in both rural and urban Scotland, where bands are hired, usually for evening entertainment for a wedding, birthday party, celebratory or fundraising event. These may be more or less formal, and very often omit all other traditional Gaelic activity beyond the actual music and dancing. Novices are usually among the participants, so a "dance caller" may teach the steps before music begins for each dance. The more versatile bands will demonstrate the dances too. Scottish primary schools frequently teach some <a href="/wiki/Scottish_country_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish country dancing">Scottish country dancing</a>, often around Christmas time. Bands vary in size but are commonly made up of between two and six players. The appeal of the Scottish <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> is by no means limited to the younger generation, and dances vary in speed and complexity to accommodate most age groups and levels of ability. Most private schools in Scotland will also hold <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> on a fairly regular basis. </p><p>Public <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span> are also held, attracting paying participants, often held at <a href="/wiki/Ceilidh_Club" title="Ceilidh Club">dance clubs</a>; and the annual <a href="/wiki/Ceilidh_Culture" title="Ceilidh Culture">Ceilidh Culture</a> festival in Edinburgh. </p><p>Universities in Scotland hold regular <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidhean</i></span>, with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a> providing a number for students throughout each term, especially the long-running Highland Annual, the oldest <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and the largest in Scotland, organised by the Highland Society (<span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">An Comann Ceilteach</i></span>). Glasgow University Union's annual debating competition, Glasgow Ancients, traditionally ends the night with a <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span>. The union's Christmas event, Daft Friday, also involves a <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">Cèilidhean</i></span> are common fundraising and social events for many societies at the University of Glasgow. </p><p>Some <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> bands intersperse <span title="Scottish Gaelic-language text"><i lang="gd">cèilidh</i></span> dancing with a DJ playing disco music to broaden the appeal of the evening's entertainment.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Northern_Ireland">In Northern Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In Northern Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/C%C3%A8ilidh" title="Special:EditPage/Cèilidh">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The resurgence in the popularity of the <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> over the last 20 years or so<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (October 2024)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> in Northern Ireland has been assisted in no small way by the interest in <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilithe</i></span> amongst the younger generation and bands such as Haste to the Wedding, a <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> band. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Ireland">In Ireland</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In Ireland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Céilí_dance"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_(2011)_(5532775603).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg/170px-St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg/255px-St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg/340px-St._Patrick%E2%80%99s_Festival_C%C3%A9il%C3%AD_%282011%29_%285532775603%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a><figcaption><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dancing</figcaption></figure> <p><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dances (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Irish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ga-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Irish" title="Help:IPA/Irish">[ˈceːlʲiː]</a></span>) or true <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dances (<span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">fíor céilí</i></span>) are a popular form of <a href="/wiki/Folk_dance" title="Folk dance">folk dancing</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> and are part of the broader <a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Irish dances</a>. The Irish <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dances are based on <i>heys</i> ("hedges", or pairs of facing lines), round dances, long dances, and <a href="/wiki/Quadrilles" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrilles">quadrilles</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> generally revived during the <a href="/wiki/Gaelic_revival" title="Gaelic revival">Gaelic revival</a> in the first quarter of the twentieth century<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and codified by the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Dancing_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Dancing Commission">Irish Dancing Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are about thirty dances that form the basis for examination of <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dance teachers. Irish <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> is a participatory social event attended by both men and women and accompanied by live Irish traditional music. The dance emerged within cultural nationalist consciousness as during the late 19th and early 20th century traditions promoting nationalist agendas, and national identities were regarded as not culturally unified. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="History_and_background">History and background</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irish <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> regained its popularity in the late 19th century, when Ireland made efforts to regain its cultural and political autonomy after being colonized for over 800 years. The goal of the Gaelic League established in 1893 was to promote Irish cultural independence and de-<a href="/wiki/Anglicisation" title="Anglicisation">anglicisation</a>, which involved the remergent popularization of the Irish language, literature, and vernacular traditions, such as Irish singing and dancing. Plentiful branches of the Gaelic League giving dance, singing, music, and literature classes were established across Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dance_form_and_style">Dance form and style</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dance form and style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The style of dance employed for <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dance differs greatly from that used for <a href="/wiki/Set_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Set dance">set dance</a>, and has more the appearance associated with the style of <a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance" title="Irish stepdance">step dance</a>. In particular, it emphasizes height and extension, with dancers generally dancing on their toes (but not <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">en pointe</i></span> as in ballet). A movement called "side-step" or "sevens and threes" with which dancers travel sideways to the direction they are facing is common, as are jig-step movements called<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the "rising step" or "grinding step". <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dances may be divided into figures, but a single type of tune is generally used for all the figures and the dancing does not pause between the figures. </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Square_dance" title="Square dance">square dance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Round_dance_(ballroom)" class="mw-redirect" title="Round dance (ballroom)">round dance</a>, <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dances are generally not called by a <a href="/wiki/Caller_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caller (dance)">caller</a>; the flow of dance is defined by its name. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Social_ceili_dances">Social ceili dances</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Social ceili dances"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dances when performed socially are often performed in a progressive style. At the end of one whole iteration of the dance (lead around and body), instead of stopping, the groups move on to the next set of partners in the line. <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dances that can be performed progressively are: walls of Limerick, siege of Ennis, haymaker's jig, and fairy reel. When there is a large social gathering, there will often be a caller for the dance, though it is a very different style from square-dancing caller. A <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> caller is usually the teacher or most experienced dancer of the group who has the dance memorized. They then call the movements out in a non-stylized way, intended to remind those who are non-dancers when and where to move. Social <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dances are often the easiest dances and very easy to shuffle through as a non-dancer. A caller makes sure that everyone at a social dance can participate. Embellishments are accepted and fun in social <span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">céilí</i></span> dances, women adding spins or changing the style of a swing based on the skill of a partner. </p> <div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Diagram of movement in progressive ceili dance:<br /><i>Walls of Limerick</i></div> <table style="margin:1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>First dance position</b></td> <td></td> <td><b>Progressed position</b></td> <td></td> <td><b>Next progressed position</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 2</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 1</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 2</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 1</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 4</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 3</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 4</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 3</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 6 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 6</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 5</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Couple 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Couple 6</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 5</td> <td></td> <td>Couple 5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Similar_gatherings_in_England">Similar gatherings in England</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Similar gatherings in England"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Country_dance"></span> Cèilidh in England has evolved a little differently from its counterparts elsewhere in Scotland and Ireland. English cèilidh, usually called ceilidh, without the e-grave but pronounced as it is in Scottish Gaelic, can be considered part of English <a href="/wiki/Country_dance" title="Country dance">country dance</a> (and related to <a href="/wiki/Contra_dance" title="Contra dance">contra dance</a>). English ceilidh has many things in common with the Scottish and Irish social dance traditions. The dance figures are similar using couples' dances, square sets, long sets, and circle dances. However, the English style requires a slower tempo of tune accentuating the on-beat, the central instrument often being the English <a href="/wiki/Diatonic_button_accordion" title="Diatonic button accordion">melodeon</a>, a diatonic accordion in the keys of D and G. Dancers often use a skip, a step-hop or rant step depending on region. This contrasts with the smoother style and more fluid motion seen in Ireland, Scotland, or (the walking) in contra. Many ceilidh dances involve a couple, but this does not limit the number of partners any one dancer has during the ceilidh. Often dancers will change partners every dance to meet new people. </p><p>An important part of English ceilidhs is the "caller" who instructs the dancer in the next dance. An experienced ceilidh caller will have a good understanding of the mechanics of the tunes and a deep knowledge of regional dances from the UK and beyond. They will confer with the band about what type of tune to play for the dance. This aids the selection of the right dance for the right audience. This skill is so sought after in the south of England that there are callers who are famous in their own right. However, many bands have their own caller, often also an instrumentalist; some have two. </p><p>During an English ceilidh there is often an interval involving the talents of local <a href="/wiki/Morris_dance" title="Morris dance">Morris</a> or <a href="/wiki/Rapper_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Rapper dance">rapper</a> side; this also serves to give bands with older members a rest. </p><p>It is possible to see many diverse and regionally distinct acts at a modern English ceilidh. Acts range from the most traditional, like the <a href="/wiki/Old_Swan_Band" title="Old Swan Band">Old Swan Band</a>, to the most experimental like the <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">electronic dance music</a>-influenced Monster Ceilidh Band. Many other forms of music have been combined with English ceilidh music including; <a href="/wiki/Irish_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish music">Irish music</a> from the band Phoenix Ceilidh Band; <a href="/wiki/Ska" title="Ska">ska</a> from the band Whapweasel; <a href="/wiki/Traditional_jazz" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional jazz">traditional jazz</a> from the bands Chalktown and Florida; <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a> <a href="/wiki/Jazz_fusion" title="Jazz fusion">fusion</a> from Licence to Ceilidh, Ceilidhography, and Climax Ceilidh Band, <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a> from the bands Peeping Tom, Aardvark Ceilidh Band, Touchstone, and Tickled Pink; West African- and Indian-influenced music from the band Boka Halattraditional; traditional French music from the band Token Women; traditional Welsh music from Twm Twp; and heavy metal from Glorystrokes.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hootenanny" title="Hootenanny">Hootenanny</a></li> <li><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw"><a href="/wiki/Troyl" title="Troyl">Troyl</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga"><a href="/wiki/Feis" title="Feis">Feis</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Breton-language text"><i lang="br"><a href="/wiki/Fest_noz" title="Fest noz">Fest noz</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Cornish-language text"><i lang="kw"><a href="/wiki/Nos_lowen" title="Nos lowen">Nos lowen</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Welsh-language text"><i lang="cy"><a href="/wiki/Noson_llawen" class="mw-redirect" title="Noson llawen">Noson llawen</a></i></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BBC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/z9h92nb/revision/1">"Scottish music - Céilidh"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scottish+music+-+C%C3%A9ilidh&rft.pub=BBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fbitesize%2Fguides%2Fz9h92nb%2Frevision%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/celt/cg1/cg1002.htm">"Carmina Gadelica Vol. 1: Introduction"</a>. <i>www.sacred-texts.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sacred-texts.com&rft.atitle=Carmina+Gadelica+Vol.+1%3A+Introduction&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacred-texts.com%2Fneu%2Fcelt%2Fcg1%2Fcg1002.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/wondertalesfroms00mack#page/14"><i>Wonder Tales from Scottish Myth & Legend</i></a>. London : Blackie and Son. 1917.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wonder+Tales+from+Scottish+Myth+%26+Legend&rft.pub=London+%3A+Blackie+and+Son&rft.date=1917&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fwondertalesfroms00mack%23page%2F14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.translationdirectory.com/dictionaries/dictionary026_f.htm">"Gaelic-English Dictionary"</a>. <i>TranslationDictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TranslationDictionary&rft.atitle=Gaelic-English+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.translationdirectory.com%2Fdictionaries%2Fdictionary026_f.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eamon-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eamon_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Buitléar2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89amon_de_Buitl%C3%A9ar" title="Éamon de Buitléar">de Buitléar, Éamon</a> (2004). <i>A Life in the Wild</i>. Dublin: Gill & MacMillan. p. 83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Life+in+the+Wild&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Gill+%26+MacMillan&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=de+Buitl%C3%A9ar&rft.aufirst=%C3%89amon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180822150100/http://www.guu.co.uk/daft-friday">"Daft Friday"</a>. <i>Glasgow University Union</i>. Archived from the original on 22 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Glasgow+University+Union&rft.atitle=Daft+Friday&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guu.co.uk%2Fdaft-friday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Flowing Tide: More Irish Set Dancing</i> Pat Murphy, Mercier Press, 2000, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Story of Irish Dance</i>, Helen Brennan, Mount Eagle Publications, Dingle, Co. Kerry, Ireland, 1999, pp. 29–43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ár Rincí Fóirne-Thirty Popular Figure Dances</i>, An Coimisiún le Rincí Gaelacha, Wellbrook Press, 1939-2003</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoley2011" class="citation journal cs1">Foley, Catherine (2011). "The Irish Céilí: A site for constructing, experiencing, and negotiating a sense of community and identity". <i>Dance Research</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 43–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3366%2Fdrs.2011.0004">10.3366/drs.2011.0004</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10344%2F4695">10344/4695</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41428389">41428389</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dance+Research&rft.atitle=The+Irish+C%C3%A9il%C3%AD%3A+A+site+for+constructing%2C+experiencing%2C+and+negotiating+a+sense+of+community+and+identity&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=43-60&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10344%2F4695&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41428389%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3366%2Fdrs.2011.0004&rft.aulast=Foley&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Folk Music and Dances of Ireland</i>, Brendan Breathnach, Ossian Publications, 1996, p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinterSimon2015" class="citation book cs1">Winter, Trish; Simon, Keegan-Phipps (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=foc8CwAAQBAJ&q=glorystrokes+ceilidh&pg=PA50"><i>Performing Englishness: Identity and Politics in a Contemporary Folk Resurgence</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780719097300" title="Special:BookSources/9780719097300"><bdi>9780719097300</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Performing+Englishness%3A+Identity+and+Politics+in+a+Contemporary+Folk+Resurgence&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9780719097300&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=Trish&rft.au=Simon%2C+Keegan-Phipps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dfoc8CwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dglorystrokes%2Bceilidh%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AC%C3%A8ilidh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>John Cullinane: <i>Aspects of the History of Irish Céilí Dancing</i>, The <a href="/wiki/Central_Remedial_Clinic" title="Central Remedial Clinic">Central Remedial Clinic</a>, Clontarf, Dublin 3,(1998), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9527952-2-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-9527952-2-1">0-9527952-2-1</a></li> <li>An Coimisiún le Rincí Gaelacha: <i>Ár Rincí Fóirne-Thirty Popular Céilí Dances</i>, Westside Press (2003)</li> <li>J. G. O' Keeffe, Art O' Brien: <i>A Handbook of Irish Dances, 1. Edition</i>, Gill & Son Ltd., (1902)<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofirishd00okeeiala">[1]</a></li> <li>Helen Brennan: <i>The Story of Irish Dance</i>, Mount Eagle Publications Ltd., 1999 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86322-244-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-86322-244-7">0-86322-244-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Sweets of May; Aoibhneas na Bealtaine: The céilí band era, music and dance of south Armagh</i>. Ceol Camlocha (Tommy Fegan, chairman; book accompanied by 2 CDs and a DVD)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%A8ilidh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ceilidh" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:ceilidh">ceilidh</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/download/handbookofirishd00okeeiala/handbookofirishd00okeeiala.pdf">A Handbook of Irish Dances, 1. Edition (1902)</a> O'Keeffe & O'Brien</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130121120933/http://www.danceminder.com/danceminder/dancestyle/ceili"><span title="Irish-language text"><i lang="ga">Céilí</i></span> dance notes</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Irish_dance" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Irish_dance" title="Template:Irish dance"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Irish_dance" title="Template talk:Irish dance"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Irish_dance" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Irish dance"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Irish_dance" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Irish dance</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance" title="Irish stepdance">Step dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance" title="Sean-nós dance">Sean-nós dance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance_in_United_States" title="Sean-nós dance in United States">in the United States</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Irish_dance" title="Festival Irish dance">Festival dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceili_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ceili dance">Ceili dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_set_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish set dance">Set dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinkafadda" title="Rinkafadda">Rinnce Fada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>2</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>2</b></sub></span></span></span></span> and <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reel_(dance)" title="Reel (dance)">Reel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornpipe" title="Hornpipe">Hornpipe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>6</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Single and double jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treble_jig" title="Treble jig">Treble jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haste_to_the_Wedding_(jig)" title="Haste to the Wedding (jig)">Haste to the Wedding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>9</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slip_jig" title="Slip jig">Slip jig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>12</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slide_(tune_type)" title="Slide (tune type)">Slide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed time</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Galway_Set" title="South Galway Set">South Galway Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Lancers_Set" title="Clare Lancers Set">Clare Lancers Set</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/An_Coimisi%C3%BAn_Le_Rinc%C3%AD_Gaelacha" title="An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha">An Coimisiún Le Rincí Gaelacha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conradh_na_Gaeilge" title="Conradh na Gaeilge">Conradh na Gaeilge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Comhdh%C3%A1il_na_M%C3%BAinteoir%C3%AD_le_Rinc%C3%AD_Gaelacha" class="mw-redirect" title="An Comhdháil na Múinteoirí le Rincí Gaelacha">An Comhdháil na Múinteoirí le Rincí Gaelacha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Irish_Dance_Association" title="World Irish Dance Association">World Irish Dance Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comhaltas_Ceolt%C3%B3ir%C3%AD_%C3%89ireann" title="Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann">Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crossroads_dance" title="Crossroads dance">Crossroads dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feis" title="Feis">Feis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_(Irish_dance)" title="Oireachtas (Irish dance)">Oireachtas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_Rince_na_Cruinne" title="Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne">Oireachtas Rince na Cruinne</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Céilí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shows and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Riverdance" title="Riverdance">Riverdance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Dance_(musical)" title="Lord of the Dance (musical)">Lord of the Dance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dancing_on_Dangerous_Ground" title="Dancing on Dangerous Ground">Dancing on Dangerous Ground</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feet_of_Flames" title="Feet of Flames">Feet of Flames</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Keltic_Dreams" title="The Keltic Dreams">The Keltic Dreams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional dancers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cara_Butler" title="Cara Butler">Cara Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Butler" title="Jean Butler">Jean Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiana_Coudray" title="Tiana Coudray">Tiana Coudray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Crouch" title="Dean Crouch">Dean Crouch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Doyle" title="Joanne Doyle">Joanne Doyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Dunne" title="Colin Dunne">Colin Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Flatley" title="Michael Flatley">Michael Flatley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Flynn" title="Bernadette Flynn">Bernadette Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Furey" title="Dan Furey">Dan Furey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breand%C3%A1n_de_Galla%C3%AD" title="Breandán de Gallaí">Breandán de Gallaí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Killoughery" title="Graham Killoughery">Graham Killoughery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lundon" title="Tony Lundon">Tony Lundon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCormack_(dancer)" title="Kevin McCormack (dancer)">Kevin McCormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3is%C3%ADn_Mullins" title="Róisín Mullins">Róisín Mullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daire_Nolan" title="Daire Nolan">Daire Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillian_Norris" title="Gillian Norris">Gillian Norris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Miscellaneous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_Dance_Halls_Act_1935" title="Public Dance Halls Act 1935">Public Dance Halls Act 1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghillies_(dance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghillies (dance)">Soft shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance#Hard_shoes" title="Irish stepdance">Hard shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(film)" title="Jig (film)"><i>Jig</i> (2011 film)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Irish_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_of_Ireland" title="Template:Music of Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_of_Ireland" title="Template talk:Music of Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_of_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music of Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Irish_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Irish music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cèilidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Irish traditional music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Irish dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Music of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance" title="Sean-nós dance">Sean-nós dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Set dance">Set dance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk song</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_singing" title="Sean-nós singing">Sean-nós singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Irish_singing" title="Traditional Irish singing">Traditional Irish singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilting" title="Lilting">Lilting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accordion" title="Accordion">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhr%C3%A1n" title="Bodhrán">Bodhrán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bones_(instrument)" title="Bones (instrument)">Bones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_bouzouki" title="Irish bouzouki">Bouzouki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concertina" title="Concertina">Concertina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">Fiddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_flute" title="Irish flute">Flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammered_dulcimer" title="Hammered dulcimer">Hammered dulcimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_harp" title="Celtic harp">Harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeg_drum" title="Lambeg drum">Lambeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatonic_button_accordion" title="Diatonic button accordion">Melodeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_banjo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenor banjo">Tenor banjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_whistle" title="Tin whistle">Tin whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uilleann_pipes" title="Uilleann pipes">Uilleann pipes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tune types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>2</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">Polka</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>2</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>2</b></sub></span></span></span></span> and <span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Barn_dance" title="Barn dance">Barn dance</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fling_(Irish)" title="Fling (Irish)">Fling</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Highland_(Irish)" title="Highland (Irish)">Highland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hornpipe" title="Hornpipe">Hornpipe</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reel_(dance)" title="Reel (dance)">Reel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)" title="Strathspey (dance)">Strathspey</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Schottische#Ireland" title="Schottische">Schottische</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>3</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>4</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mazurka#In_Ireland" title="Mazurka">Mazurka</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Waltz" title="Waltz">Waltz</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>6</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Single and double jigs</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>9</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Slip_jig" title="Slip jig">Hop and slip jigs</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="serif-fonts" style="font-family: 'Georgia Pro', Georgia, 'DejaVu Serif', Times, 'Times New Roman', FreeSerif, 'DejaVu Math TeX', 'URW Bookman L', serif;"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:0.85em;font-size:80%;text-align:center"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>12</b></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"><b>8</b></sub></span></span></span></span> dances</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Slide_(tune_type)" title="Slide (tune type)">Slide</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Non-dance tunes</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/March_(music)" title="March (music)">Marches</a> and <a href="/wiki/Air_(music)" title="Air (music)">airs</a> which exist in various meters.</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_mode" title="Aeolian mode">Aeolian mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_mode" title="Ionian mode">Ionian mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Mixolydian mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic scale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_fiddling" title="Cape Breton fiddling">Cape Breton fiddling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_folk_music" title="English folk music">English folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_folk_music" title="Scottish folk music">Scottish folk music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleadh_Cheoil_na_h%C3%89ireann" class="mw-redirect" title="Fleadh Cheoil na hÉireann">Fleadh Cheoil na hÉireann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas_na_Gaeilge" title="Oireachtas na Gaeilge">Oireachtas na Gaeilge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gradam_Ceoil_TG4" title="Gradam Ceoil TG4">Gradam Ceoil TG4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_Radio_1_Folk_Awards" title="RTÉ Radio 1 Folk Awards">RTÉ Radio 1 Folk Awards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ireland_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ireland_topics" title="Template:Ireland topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ireland_topics" title="Template talk:Ireland topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ireland_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ireland topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ireland_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ireland-related_topics" title="List of Ireland-related topics">topics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Outline of the Republic of Ireland">topics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Northern_Ireland%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of Northern Ireland–related topics">topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland" title="History of Ireland">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Irish_history" title="Timeline of Irish history">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Ireland" title="Prehistoric Ireland">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protohistory_of_Ireland" title="Protohistory of Ireland">Protohistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(400%E2%80%93800)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (400–800)">Early history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lordship_of_Ireland" title="Lordship of Ireland">Lordship of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(800%E2%80%931169)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ireland (800–1169)">800–1169</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1169%E2%80%931536)" title="History of Ireland (1169–1536)">1169–1536</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland" title="Kingdom of Ireland">Kingdom of Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1536%E2%80%931691)" title="History of Ireland (1536–1691)">1536–1691</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1691%E2%80%931800)" title="History of Ireland (1691–1800)">1691–1800</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland" title="United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ireland_(1801%E2%80%931923)" title="History of Ireland (1801–1923)">1801–1923</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republic" title="Irish Republic">Irish Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ireland_(1921%E2%80%931922)" title="Southern Ireland (1921–1922)">Southern Ireland (1921–1922)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> (1921–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Northern_Ireland" title="History of Northern Ireland">since 1922</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Free_State" title="Irish Free State">Irish Free State (1922–1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="History of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland (since 1922)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tara_(Ireland)" title="Battle of Tara (Ireland)">Battles of Tara</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Glenmama" title="Battle of Glenmama">Glenmama</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Clontarf" title="Battle of Clontarf">Clontarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Norman_invasion_of_Ireland" title="Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_campaign_in_Ireland" title="Bruce campaign in Ireland">Bruce campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Death" title="Black Death">Black Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Tudor conquest of Ireland">Tudor conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Rebellions" title="Desmond Rebellions">Desmond Rebellions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armada_in_Ireland" title="Spanish Armada in Ireland">Spanish Armada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Years%27_War_(Ireland)" title="Nine Years' War (Ireland)">Tyrone's Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Earls" title="Flight of the Earls">Flight of the Earls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantation_of_Ulster" title="Plantation of Ulster">Plantation of Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1641" title="Irish Rebellion of 1641">1641 Rebellion</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irish_Confederate_Wars" title="Irish Confederate Wars">Confederate War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland" title="Cromwellian conquest of Ireland">Cromwellian conquest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Act_for_the_Settlement_of_Ireland_1652" title="Act for the Settlement of Ireland 1652">Settlement of 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamite_War_in_Ireland" title="Williamite War in Ireland">Williamite War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penal_laws_(Ireland)" title="Penal laws (Ireland)">Penal Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Famine_(1740%E2%80%931741)" title="Irish Famine (1740–1741)">First Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Rebellion_of_1798" title="Irish Rebellion of 1798">1798 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800" title="Acts of Union 1800">Act of Union (1800)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_rebellion_of_1803" title="Irish rebellion of 1803">1803 Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithe_War" title="Tithe War">Tithe War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Second Great Famine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_War" title="Land War">Land War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Rising" title="Fenian Rising">Fenian Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dublin_lock-out" title="Dublin lock-out">Dublin lock-out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland_Act_1914" title="Government of Ireland Act 1914">Home Rule crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_Rising" title="Easter Rising">Easter Rising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence" title="Irish War of Independence">War of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Treaty" title="Anglo-Irish Treaty">Anglo-Irish Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Civil_War" title="Irish Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Emergency_(Ireland)" title="The Emergency (Ireland)">The Emergency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Northern campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Northern Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_campaign_(Irish_Republican_Army)" title="Border campaign (Irish Republican Army)">IRA Border Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">The Troubles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy of the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Tiger" title="Celtic Tiger">Celtic Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_economic_downturn" title="Post-2008 Irish economic downturn">Post-2008 Irish economic downturn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-2008_Irish_banking_crisis" title="Post-2008 Irish banking crisis">Post-2008 Irish banking crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Ireland" title="List of conflicts in Ireland">List of conflicts in Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes#Goidels_/_Gaels_/_Hibernians" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">List of Irish tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_kingdoms" title="List of Irish kingdoms">List of Irish kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_High_Kings_of_Ireland" title="List of High Kings of Ireland">List of High Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland#Dress" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic clothing and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland" title="Geography of Ireland">Geography</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ireland" title="Climate of Ireland">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Climate change in the Republic of Ireland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastal_landforms_of_Ireland" title="Coastal landforms of Ireland">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Ireland" title="Extreme points of Ireland">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Ireland" title="Fauna of Ireland">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ireland" title="List of islands of Ireland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_loughs_of_Ireland" title="List of loughs of Ireland">Loughs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_in_Ireland" title="Lists of mountains in Ireland">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Ireland" title="Rivers of Ireland">Rivers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Ireland" title="List of rivers of Ireland">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland">List of national parks of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_the_United_Kingdom#National_parks_in_Northern_Ireland" title="National parks of the United Kingdom">in Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Ireland" title="Architecture of Ireland">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_in_Ireland" title="List of buildings in Ireland">Notable buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_structures_in_Ireland" title="List of tallest structures in Ireland">Tallest buildings and structures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Ireland" title="City status in Ireland">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Ireland" title="Counties of Ireland">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Demographics of the Republic of Ireland">Demographics of the Republic of Ireland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Demographics of Northern Ireland">of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Ireland" title="List of ports in Ireland">Ports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Ireland" title="Provinces of Ireland">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_border" title="Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border">ROI–UK border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_towns_in_Ireland" title="Lists of towns in Ireland">Towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Tourism in the Republic of Ireland">Tourism in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Ireland" title="List of tourist attractions in Ireland">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ireland" title="Transport in Ireland">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Politics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Politics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Ideologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Politics of the Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ireland" title="Constitution of Ireland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Education in the Republic of Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ireland" title="Foreign relations of Ireland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ireland" title="Government of Ireland">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Local government in the Republic of Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Law of the Republic of Ireland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Republic of Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas"><i>Oireachtas</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">parliament</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1il_%C3%89ireann" title="Dáil Éireann"><i>Dáil Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(lower house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann"><i>Seanad Éireann</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(upper house)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Taxation in the Republic of Ireland">Taxation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Assembly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Economy of Northern Ireland">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Local government in Northern Ireland">local</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Northern_Ireland" title="LGBT rights in Northern Ireland">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland" title="Culture of Ireland">Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_cuisine" title="Irish cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Food</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_dishes" title="List of Irish dishes">List of dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barmbrack" title="Barmbrack">Barmbrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacon_and_cabbage" title="Bacon and cabbage">Bacon and cabbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxty" title="Boxty">Boxty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_(food)" title="Champ (food)">Champ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coddle" title="Coddle">Coddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colcannon" title="Colcannon">Colcannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drisheen" title="Drisheen">Drisheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_breakfast#Ireland" title="Full breakfast">Irish fry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirts_and_kidneys" title="Skirts and kidneys">Skirts and kidneys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soda_bread" title="Soda bread">Soda bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_bag" title="Spice bag">Spice Bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stew" title="Irish stew">Stew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3-in-1_(fast_food_dish)" title="3-in-1 (fast food dish)">Three-in-One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Drinks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_coffee" title="Irish coffee">Coffee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_cream" title="Irish cream">Cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinness" title="Guinness">Guinness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Mist" title="Irish Mist">Mist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poit%C3%ADn" title="Poitín">Poitín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_breakfast_tea" title="Irish breakfast tea">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_whiskey" title="Irish whiskey">Whiskey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_dance" title="Irish dance">Dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Jig</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sean-n%C3%B3s_dance" title="Sean-nós dance">Sean-nós</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_set_dancing" title="Irish set dancing">Set dancing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_stepdance" title="Irish stepdance">Stepdance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imbolc" title="Imbolc">Imbolc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beltane" title="Beltane">Bealtaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Twelfth" title="The Twelfth">The Twelfth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lughnasadh" title="Lughnasadh">Lúnasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_of_Tralee_(festival)" title="Rose of Tralee (festival)">Rose of Tralee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samhain" title="Samhain">Samhain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Halloween" title="Halloween">Halloween</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wren_Day" title="Wren Day">Wren Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ireland" title="Languages of Ireland">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiberno-English" title="Hiberno-English">Hiberno-English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelta" title="Shelta">Shelta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_dialect" title="Ulster Scots dialect">Ulster Scots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_literature" title="Irish literature">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_annals" title="Irish annals">Annals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_prose_fiction" title="Irish prose fiction">Fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_literature_in_Irish" title="Modern literature in Irish">Gaeilge</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_poetry" title="Irish poetry">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_theatre" title="Irish theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triads_of_Ireland" title="Triads of Ireland">Triads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ireland" title="Music of Ireland">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_ballads" title="List of Irish ballads">Ballads</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Céilí</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Folk music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music_session" title="Irish traditional music session">session</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_musical_instruments" title="Category:Irish musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ireland" title="Rock music in Ireland">Rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Irish_singing" title="Traditional Irish singing">Traditional singing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology" title="Irish mythology">Mythology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_mythology#Mythological_cycle" title="Irish mythology">Cycles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mythological_Cycle" title="Mythological Cycle">Mythological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenian_Cycle" title="Fenian Cycle">Fenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Cycle" title="Ulster Cycle">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycles_of_the_Kings" title="Cycles of the Kings">Kings</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aos_S%C3%AD" title="Aos Sí">Aos Sí</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Echtra" title="Echtra">Echtrai</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immram" title="Immram">Immrama</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuatha_D%C3%A9_Danann" title="Tuatha Dé Danann">Tuatha Dé Danann</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Firbolg" class="mw-redirect" title="Firbolg">Firbolg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fomorians" title="Fomorians">Fomorians</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Irish_legendary_creatures" title="Category:Irish legendary creatures">Legendary creatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Irish_people" title="Irish people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_people" title="Anglo-Irish people">Anglo-Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_Ireland" title="Gaelic Ireland">Gaelic Ireland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normans_in_Ireland" title="Normans in Ireland">Hiberno-Normans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_diaspora" title="Irish diaspora">Irish diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_people" title="List of Irish people">List of Irish people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Travellers" title="Irish Travellers">Travellers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_people" title="Ulster Scots people">Ulster Scots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yola_people" title="Yola people">Yola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ireland" title="Sport in Ireland">Sport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Association football in the Republic of Ireland">Association football in the Republic of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_football_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Association football in Northern Ireland">Association football in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camogie" title="Camogie">Camogie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_football" title="Gaelic football">Gaelic football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_handball" title="Gaelic handball">Gaelic handball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurling" title="Hurling">Hurling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_road_bowling" title="Irish road bowling">Road bowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rounders" title="Rounders">Rounders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rugby_union_in_Ireland" title="Rugby union in Ireland">Rugby union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em"><a href="/wiki/Category:National_symbols_of_Ireland" title="Category:National symbols of Ireland">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brigid%27s_cross" title="Brigid's cross">Brighid's Cross</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Celtic_harp" title="Celtic harp">Cláirseach</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Ireland" title="Armorial of Ireland">County coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_flags_of_Ireland" title="List of flags of Ireland">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_flags_issue" title="Northern Ireland flags issue">Northern Ireland flags issue</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Wolfhound" title="Irish Wolfhound">Irish Wolfhound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Ireland" title="Coat of arms of Ireland">National coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hand_of_Ulster" title="Red Hand of Ulster">Red Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamrock" title="Shamrock">Shamrock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.25em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_calendar" title="Irish calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Ireland" title="List of castles in Ireland">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Ireland" title="Cinema of Ireland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Republic of Ireland">Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_houses_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of historic houses in the Republic of Ireland">Historic houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Ireland" title="Homelessness in Ireland">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Mass media in the Republic of Ireland">Mass media (Republic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monastic_houses_in_Ireland" title="List of monastic houses in Ireland">Monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_name" title="Irish name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_names_in_Ireland" title="Place names in Ireland">Place names</a> / <a 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class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/32px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/48px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Four_Provinces_Flag.svg/64px-Four_Provinces_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1320" data-file-height="680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ireland" title="Portal:Ireland">Ireland portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Scottish_folk_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Scottish_folk_music" title="Template:Scottish folk music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Scottish_folk_music" title="Template talk:Scottish folk music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Scottish_folk_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Scottish folk music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Scottish_folk_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_folk_music" title="Scottish folk music">Scottish folk music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk song</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bothy_ballad" title="Bothy ballad">Bothy ballad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornkister" title="Cornkister">Cornkister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaelic_psalm_singing" title="Gaelic psalm singing">Gaelic psalm singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilting" title="Lilting">Lilting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puirt_%C3%A0_beul" title="Puirt à beul">Puirt à beul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waulking_song" title="Waulking song">Waulking song</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Folk dances</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cèilidh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_dance" title="Dirk dance">Dirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_highland_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish highland dance">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_country_dance" title="Scottish country dance">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_sword_dances" title="Scottish sword dances">Sword</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piano_accordion" title="Piano accordion">Accordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acoustic_guitar" title="Acoustic guitar">Acoustic guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_drum" title="Bass drum">Bass drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_pipes" title="Border pipes">Border pipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">Cello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_harp" title="Celtic harp">Clàrsach (Harp)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_fiddling" title="Scottish fiddling">Fiddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">Flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Highland_bagpipe" title="Great Highland bagpipe">Great Highland bagpipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_whistle" title="Low whistle">Low whistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diatonic_button_accordion" title="Diatonic button accordion">Melodeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">Piano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_smallpipes" title="Scottish smallpipes">Scottish smallpipes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_drum" class="mw-redirect" title="Side drum">Side drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_tenor_drum" title="Scottish tenor drum">Tenor drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tin_whistle" title="Tin whistle">Tin whistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Common forms<br /><span class="nobold">(by <a href="/wiki/Metre_(music)" title="Metre (music)">metre</a>)</span></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Duple_and_quadruple_metre" title="Duple and quadruple metre">Duple-time</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">Polka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schottische#Scotland" title="Schottische">Highland Schottische</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Duple_and_quadruple_metre" title="Duple and quadruple metre">Duple / Quadruple-time</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barn_dance" title="Barn dance">Barn dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Fling" title="Highland Fling">Highland Fling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornpipe#Folk_hornpipes" title="Hornpipe">Hornpipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reel_(dance)" title="Reel (dance)">Reel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strathspey_(dance)" title="Strathspey (dance)">Strathspey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Triple_metre" title="Triple metre">Triple-time</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waltz" title="Waltz">Waltz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Duple_and_quadruple_metre" title="Duple and quadruple metre">Duple compound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jig" title="Jig">Jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-step_(dance_move)" title="Two-step (dance move)">Two-step</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Triple_metre" title="Triple metre">Triple compound</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slip_jig" title="Slip jig">Slip jig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_(music)" title="March (music)">Marches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mode_(music)" title="Mode (music)">Modes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeolian_mode" title="Aeolian mode">Aeolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorian_mode" title="Dorian mode">Dorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_mode" title="Ionian mode">Ionian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixolydian_mode" title="Mixolydian mode">Mixolydian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentatonic_scale" title="Pentatonic scale">Pentatonic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characteristics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lombard_rhythm" title="Lombard rhythm">Scotch snap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_folk_music" title="English folk music">English folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_traditional_music" title="Irish traditional music">Irish traditional music</a> (particularly the <a href="/wiki/Donegal_fiddle_tradition" title="Donegal fiddle tradition">Donegal fiddle tradition</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Breton_fiddling" title="Cape Breton fiddling">Cape Breton fiddling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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