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Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://0.academia-photos.com/270056841/120523172/109849162/s200_farhad.sadeghi.png" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/101910237/Experimental_Investigation_of_Bubble_Size_in_Flotation_Effect_of_Salt_Coagulant_Temperature_and_Organic_Compound" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="SummaryFlotation is an important segment of water treatment. Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhadSadeghi16" /> <meta name="description" content="SummaryFlotation is an important segment of water treatment. Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or" /> <title>(PDF) Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound | Farhad Sadeghi - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/101910237/Experimental_Investigation_of_Bubble_Size_in_Flotation_Effect_of_Salt_Coagulant_Temperature_and_Organic_Compound" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = 'feeedb25dca523e60a12848a8c2b6232c18f34ea'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1733269331000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1733269331000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"SummaryFlotation is an important segment of water treatment. Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or hydraulically by induced gas ejectors. The bubble size has a crucial role in this kind of separation. In general, the smaller the bubbles, the better separation. Water chemistry has an important role in bubble formation and size. A laboratory scale flotation unit was developed to generate the microbubbles with diameters of 10 to 100 µm. The effects of salinity, coagulant, temperature, and ethanol on bubble size were investigated. The addition of 5000 mg/L of sodium chloride (NaCl) affected mainly bubble size with 50 µm diameter, whereas bubble size reduced and diameter decreased by one-half with the addition of NaCl. The bigger bubbles (100 µm size) were affected only at a salinity of 40 000 mg/L, whereas the smaller bubbles (20 to 30 µm) remaine...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Farhad Sadeghi"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2023-05-17","dateModified":"2023-05-17","datePublished":"2020-01-01","headline":"Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound","image":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102319255/thumbnails/1.jpg","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Chemistry","Salinity","Bubble"],"publication":"SPE Production \u0026amp; Operations","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)"},"sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}],"thumbnailUrl":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/102319255/thumbnails/1.jpg","url":"https://www.academia.edu/101910237/Experimental_Investigation_of_Bubble_Size_in_Flotation_Effect_of_Salt_Coagulant_Temperature_and_Organic_Compound"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-102fa537001ba4d8dcd921ad9bd56c474abc201906ea4843e7e7efe9dfbf561d.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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[{"id":102319255,"identifier":"Attachment_102319255","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":101910237,"created_at":"2023-05-17T02:18:28.387-07:00","from_world_paper_id":233884104,"updated_at":"2023-12-28T03:33:01.704-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"SummaryFlotation is an important segment of water treatment. Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or hydraulically by induced gas ejectors. The bubble size has a crucial role in this kind of separation. In general, the smaller the bubbles, the better separation. Water chemistry has an important role in bubble formation and size. A laboratory scale flotation unit was developed to generate the microbubbles with diameters of 10 to 100 µm. The effects of salinity, coagulant, temperature, and ethanol on bubble size were investigated. The addition of 5000 mg/L of sodium chloride (NaCl) affected mainly bubble size with 50 µm diameter, whereas bubble size reduced and diameter decreased by one-half with the addition of NaCl. The bigger bubbles (100 µm size) were affected only at a salinity of 40 000 mg/L, whereas the smaller bubbles (20 to 30 µm) remaine...","publisher":"Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE)","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"SPE Production \u0026amp; Operations"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [270056841]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":102319255,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/102319255/mini_magick20230517-1-liz3xo.png?1684315554" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Experimental Investigation of Bubble Size in Flotation: Effect of Salt, Coagulant, Temperature, and Organic Compound</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="270056841" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FarhadSadeghi16"><img alt="Profile image of Farhad Sadeghi" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/270056841/120523172/109849162/s65_farhad.sadeghi.png" />Farhad Sadeghi</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, SPE Production &amp; Operations</p></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">SummaryFlotation is an important segment of water treatment. Bubbles are generated and dispersed in water where they capture oil and solids residuals and lift them up to the surface. Bubbles are generated either mechanically by agitation or hydraulically by induced gas ejectors. The bubble size has a crucial role in this kind of separation. In general, the smaller the bubbles, the better separation. Water chemistry has an important role in bubble formation and size. A laboratory scale flotation unit was developed to generate the microbubbles with diameters of 10 to 100 µm. The effects of salinity, coagulant, temperature, and ethanol on bubble size were investigated. The addition of 5000 mg/L of sodium chloride (NaCl) affected mainly bubble size with 50 µm diameter, whereas bubble size reduced and diameter decreased by one-half with the addition of NaCl. The bigger bubbles (100 µm size) were affected only at a salinity of 40 000 mg/L, whereas the smaller bubbles (20 to 30 µm) remaine...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":102319255,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/101910237/Experimental_Investigation_of_Bubble_Size_in_Flotation_Effect_of_Salt_Coagulant_Temperature_and_Organic_Compound"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":102319255,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/101910237/Experimental_Investigation_of_Bubble_Size_in_Flotation_Effect_of_Salt_Coagulant_Temperature_and_Organic_Compound"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download 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ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63821674/Flotation_in_Water_and_Wastewater_Treatment">Flotation in Water and Wastewater Treatment</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3498740" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KostasMatis">Kostas Matis</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Processes</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Flotation constitutes a separation process that originated from mineral processing. Nowadays, wider applications have been found and compared to flotation for water and wastewater treatment. Stress in the present review paper was mainly applied to heavy metal ions recovery by flotation and the respective mechanism followed, being either ion, precipitate, or sorptive flotation. In the latter case, the use of adsorbents is included (such as powdered activated carbon, zeolites, and goethite), as well as various biosorbents. The flotation of the following metals was reviewed: copper, zinc, nickel, lead, iron, chromium, arsenic, gold, and others. The bubble generation method could be applied for typical dispersed-air flotation column, electroflotation, or dissolved-air flotation; the latter being the most appropriate established technique in water treatment. The role of particle size (for example, studying flotation of salt-type mineral fines) was also examined.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Flotation in Water and Wastewater Treatment","attachmentId":76116841,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/63821674/Flotation_in_Water_and_Wastewater_Treatment","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/63821674/Flotation_in_Water_and_Wastewater_Treatment"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="88518383" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88518383/Separation_of_emulsified_crude_oil_in_saline_water_by_dissolved_air_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles">Separation of emulsified crude oil in saline water by dissolved air flotation with micro and nanobubbles</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4566649" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RamiroEtchepare">Ramiro Etchepare</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Separation and Purification Technology, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Separation of emulsified crude oil in saline water by dissolved air flotation with micro and nanobubbles","attachmentId":92477546,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88518383/Separation_of_emulsified_crude_oil_in_saline_water_by_dissolved_air_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88518383/Separation_of_emulsified_crude_oil_in_saline_water_by_dissolved_air_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="79134098" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/79134098/Raw_water_clarification_by_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles_generated_with_a_multiphase_pump">Raw water clarification by flotation with micro and nanobubbles generated with a multiphase pump</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4566649" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RamiroEtchepare">Ramiro Etchepare</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Water Science and Technology, 2017</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Raw water clarification by flotation was studied by injecting air into a centrifugal multiphase pump to generate microbubbles (MBs) and nanobubbles (NBs). Measurements of gas dispersion parameters were performed and optimal conditions were obtained using a pump pressure of 4 bar. Values showed a bubble Sauter diameter of 75 μm, an air holdup of 1.2%, a bubble surface area flux of 34 s−1 and an NB concentration of 1 × 108 NBs mL−1 (measuring 220 nm). Then, a study compared flotation with bubbles formed with the multiphase pump (F-MP) to lamellar settling at the clarification stage of a water treatment plant (WTP), in Brazil. The F-MP showed a higher separation efficiency at high hydraulic loads (9–15 m h−1), even without the use of a polymer, reaching 2 NTU (10–25 NTU raw water feed), which was much lower than the technical goal of the WTP (5 NTU). The results and the technical aspects are discussed, and it is concluded that the employment of MBs and NBs with pumps widens new researc...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Raw water clarification by flotation with micro and nanobubbles generated with a multiphase pump","attachmentId":85957127,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/79134098/Raw_water_clarification_by_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles_generated_with_a_multiphase_pump","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/79134098/Raw_water_clarification_by_flotation_with_micro_and_nanobubbles_generated_with_a_multiphase_pump"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="47909101" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/47909101/Bubble_size_distribution_in_laboratory_scale_flotation_cells">Bubble size distribution in laboratory scale flotation cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="68483" href="https://aalto-fi.academia.edu/KariHeiskanen">Kari Heiskanen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Minerals Engineering, 2005</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Bubble size distribution in laboratory scale flotation cells","attachmentId":66794639,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/47909101/Bubble_size_distribution_in_laboratory_scale_flotation_cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/47909101/Bubble_size_distribution_in_laboratory_scale_flotation_cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":102319255,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":102319255,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_102319255" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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