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<main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rhenium</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 139 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%AC%E1%8A%92%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሬኒየም – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሬኒየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रेनियम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="रेनियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="رينيوم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رينيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Reniu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reniu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh%C3%A9nium" title="Rhénium – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Rhénium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="রিনিয়াম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রিনিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Рэній – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рэній" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Рэн (хімічны элемэнт) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рэн (хімічны элемэнт)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रेनियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="रेनियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyo" title="Renyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Renyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="རེ་ནིམ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="རེ་ནིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renij" title="Renij – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Renij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniom" title="Reniom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Reniom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reni" title="Reni – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyo" title="Renyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Renyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Reniu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheniwm" title="Rheniwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rheniwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="رينيوم – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="رينيوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenium" title="Reenium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reenium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ρήνιο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρήνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="رنیم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رنیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh%C3%A9nium" title="Rhénium – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rhénium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reni" title="Reni – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Reni" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9iniam" title="Réiniam – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réiniam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainium" title="Rainium – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Rainium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="રિનીયમ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રિનીયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рениум – Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Рениум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%8A%84" title="레늄 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레늄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Ռենիում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռենիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रीनियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रीनियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renij" title="Renij – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Renij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMlenembi" title="UMlenembi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UMlenembi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%ADn" title="Renín – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Renín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="רניום – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רניום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%9Bn%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Rɛnɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Rɛnɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ರೀನಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರೀನಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="რენიუმი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რენიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniom" title="Reniom – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Reniom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reni" title="Reni – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Reni" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renel" title="Renel – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Renel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reny%C3%BBm" title="Renyûm – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Renyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%93nijs" title="Rēnijs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rēnijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renis" title="Renis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Renis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renii" title="Renii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Renii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmlreni" title="jinmlreni – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmlreni" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9nium" title="Rénium – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rénium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Рениум – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рениум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="റീനിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റീനിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="र्‍हेनियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="र्‍हेनियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="رينيوم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رينيوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Рени – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Рени" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Рени – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Рени" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="ရီနီယမ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရီနီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रेनियम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="रेनियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="レニウム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レニウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reenium" title="Reenium – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Reenium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8ni" title="Rèni – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rèni" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniy" title="Reniy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Reniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਰੀਨੀਅਮ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੀਨੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रेनियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="रेनियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="رہینیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رہینیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="رېنيوم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رېنيوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renio" title="Renio – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Renio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren_(pierwiastek)" title="Ren (pierwiastek) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ren (pierwiastek)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%AAnio" title="Rênio – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rênio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reniu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinyu" title="Rinyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rinyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="रेनियम – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रेनियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8niu" title="Rèniu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Rèniu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniumi" title="Reniumi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Reniumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reniu" title="Reniu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Reniu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9nium" title="Rénium – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rénium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renij" title="Renij – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Renij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reheniyaam" title="Reheniyaam – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Reheniyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ڕینیۆم – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕینیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Ренијум – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ренијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renijum" title="Renijum – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Renijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renium" title="Renium – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Renium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyo" title="Renyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Renyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இரேனியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இரேனியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="రీనియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రీనియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="รีเนียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รีเนียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Рений – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рений" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyum" title="Renyum – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Renyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Реній – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Реній" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="رینیم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رینیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%90%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A" title="رېنىي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="رېنىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renii" title="Renii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Renii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheni" title="Rheni – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rheni" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" title="錸 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="錸" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renyo" title="Renyo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Renyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铼" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="רעניום – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="רעניום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium" title="Rhenium – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rhenium" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/330px-Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/440px-Rhenium_single_crystal_bar_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4848" data-file-height="3052" /></a><figcaption>Rhenium</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Rhenium</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">chemical element</a>. It has the chemical symbol <b>Re</b>. It has the <a href="/wiki/Atomic_number" title="Atomic number">atomic number</a> 75. It is a <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/rare" class="extiw" title="wikt:rare">rare</a> <a href="/wiki/Noble_metal" title="Noble metal">noble metal</a>. It is silver white. In chemistry it is placed in a group of metal elements called the <a href="/wiki/Transition_metal" title="Transition metal">transition metals</a>. The chemistry of rhenium is similar to <a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">manganese</a>. Discovered in 1908, rhenium was the second-last stable element to be discovered ('stable' meaning not <a href="/wiki/Radioactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioactive">radioactive</a>). It was named after the <a href="/wiki/River_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="River Rhine">river Rhine</a> in Europe. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Nickel</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Superalloy" title="Superalloy">superalloys</a> of rhenium are used in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Combustion_chamber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combustion chamber (not yet started)">combustion chambers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turbine" title="Turbine">turbine</a> blades, and exhaust nozzles of <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engines</a>. These alloys contain up to 6% rhenium, making jet engine construction the largest single use for the element. The second-most important use is as a <a href="/wiki/Catalyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Catalyst">catalyst</a>: rhenium is an excellent catalyst for <a href="/wiki/Hydrogenation" title="Hydrogenation">hydrogenation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Isomer" title="Isomer">isomerization</a>. </p><p>Rhenium found as a <a href="/wiki/By-product" title="By-product">by-product</a> of <a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">molybdenum</a> refinement. </p><p>Rhenium is used in some manganese <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">alloys</a>. Rhenium-molybdenum alloys are <a href="/wiki/Superconductor" title="Superconductor">superconductors</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: History" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rhenium was discovered by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Walter_Noddack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Walter Noddack (not yet started)">Walter Noddack</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ida_Noddack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ida Noddack (not yet started)">Ida Noddack</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Berg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto Berg (not yet started)">Otto Berg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. In 1925, they reported that they detected the element in a <a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">platinum</a> <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ore</a> and in the <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">mineral</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Columbite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Columbite (not yet started)">columbite</a>. They also found rhenium in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gadolinite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gadolinite (not yet started)">gadolinite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Molybdenite" title="Molybdenite">molybdenite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1928, they were able to remove 1 g of the element from 660 kg of molybdenite.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Characteristics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Characteristics"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rhenium is a silvery-white <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a>. It has the third highest <a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">melting points</a> of all <a href="/wiki/Chemical_element" title="Chemical element">elements</a>. It is also the third <a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">densest</a> element.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotopes">Isotopes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Isotopes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Isotopes"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rhenium has one stable <a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">isotope</a> which is rhenium-185. Rhenium that is found in <a href="/wiki/Nature" title="Nature">nature</a> is made up of 37.4% rhenium-185 and 62.6% rhenium-187.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium has 33 known <a href="/wiki/Radioisotope" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioisotope">radioisotopes</a>. They range from rhenium-160 to rhenium-194. The longest-lived radioisotope of rhenium is rhenium-183 which have a <a href="/wiki/Half-life_(element)" title="Half-life (element)">half-life</a> of 70 days.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occurence">Occurence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Occurence" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Occurence"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rhenium is one of the rarest elements in <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_crust" title="Earth's crust">Earth's crust</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It the 77th most abundant element in the Earth's crust.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium may not be found free in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is found in small amounts in the mineral molybdenite.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Production" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Production"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Commercial rhenium is gotten from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Molybdenum_roaster-flue_gas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molybdenum roaster-flue gas (not yet started)">molybdenum roaster-flue gas</a>. Some molybdenum <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ores</a> contain 0.001% to 0.2% rhenium.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> is made by <a href="/wiki/Reduction_(chemistry)" title="Reduction (chemistry)">reducing</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ammonium_perrhenate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ammonium perrhenate (not yet started)">ammonium perrhenate</a> with <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> at high <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperatures</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Uses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Uses"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Nickel</a>-based <a href="/wiki/Superalloy" title="Superalloy">superalloys</a> of rhenium are used in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Combustion_chamber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Combustion chamber (not yet started)">combustion chambers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turbine" title="Turbine">turbine</a> blades, and exhaust nozzles of <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engines</a>. Rhenium is used in <a href="/wiki/Superalloy" title="Superalloy">superalloys</a>, such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=CMSX-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CMSX-4 (not yet started)">CMSX-4</a> (2nd generation) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=CMSX-10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CMSX-10 (not yet started)">CMSX-10</a> (3rd generation). These superalloys are used in industrial <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbine</a> <a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">engines</a> like the <a href="/w/index.php?title=GE_7FA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GE 7FA (not yet started)">GE 7FA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium filaments are used in <a href="/wiki/Mass_spectrometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass spectrometer">mass spectrometers</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ion_gauge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ion gauge (not yet started)">ion gauges</a> and photoflash lamps in <a href="/wiki/Photography" title="Photography">photography</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium-platinum <a href="/wiki/Alloy" title="Alloy">alloys</a> are used as a <a href="/wiki/Catalysis" title="Catalysis">catalyst</a> for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Catalytic_reforming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catalytic reforming (not yet started)">catalytic reforming</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rhenium-188 and Rhenium-186 are used to treat of <a href="/wiki/Liver_cancer" title="Liver cancer">liver cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF01558746">"Die Ekamangane"</a>. <i>Die Naturwissenschaften</i> (in German). <b>13</b> (26): 567–574. 1925. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1925NW.....13..567.">1925NW.....13..567.</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2FBF01558746">10.1007/BF01558746</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0028-1042">0028-1042</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:32974087">32974087</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Naturwissenschaften&rft.atitle=Die+Ekamangane&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=26&rft.pages=567-574&rft.date=1925&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2FBF01558746&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A32974087%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0028-1042&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1925NW.....13..567.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2FBF01558746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFLiuTakahashiBassett1970" class="citation journal cs1">Liu, Lin-Gun; Takahashi, Taro; Bassett, William A. (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022369770901381">"Effect of pressure and temperature on the lattice parameters of rhenium"</a>. <i>Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids</i>. <b>31</b> (6): 1345–1351. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JPCS...31.1345L">1970JPCS...31.1345L</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0022-3697%2870%2990138-1">10.1016/0022-3697(70)90138-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Physics+and+Chemistry+of+Solids&rft.atitle=Effect+of+pressure+and+temperature+on+the+lattice+parameters+of+rhenium&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=1345-1351&rft.date=1970&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0022-3697%2870%2990138-1&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1970JPCS...31.1345L&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Lin-Gun&rft.au=Takahashi%2C+Taro&rft.au=Bassett%2C+William+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2F0022369770901381&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/ParticleAndNuclear/decay_rates.html">"How to Change Nuclear Decay Rates"</a>. <i>math.ucr.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=math.ucr.edu&rft.atitle=How+to+Change+Nuclear+Decay+Rates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmath.ucr.edu%2Fhome%2Fbaez%2Fphysics%2FParticleAndNuclear%2Fdecay_rates.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBoschFaestermannFrieseHeine1996" class="citation journal cs1">Bosch, F.; Faestermann, T.; Friese, J.; Heine, F.; Kienle, P.; Wefers, E.; Zeitelhack, K.; Beckert, K.; Franzke, B. (1996-12-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5190">"Observation of Bound-State β − Decay of Fully Ionized 187 Re: 187 Re − 187 Os Cosmochronometry"</a>. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. <b>77</b> (26): 5190–5193. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.77.5190">10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.5190</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0031-9007">0031-9007</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10062738">10062738</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft.atitle=Observation+of+Bound-State+%CE%B2+%E2%88%92+Decay+of+Fully+Ionized+187+Re%3A+187+Re+%E2%88%92+187+Os+Cosmochronometry&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=26&rft.pages=5190-5193&rft.date=1996-12-23&rft.issn=0031-9007&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10062738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.77.5190&rft.aulast=Bosch&rft.aufirst=F.&rft.au=Faestermann%2C+T.&rft.au=Friese%2C+J.&rft.au=Heine%2C+F.&rft.au=Kienle%2C+P.&rft.au=Wefers%2C+E.&rft.au=Zeitelhack%2C+K.&rft.au=Beckert%2C+K.&rft.au=Franzke%2C+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flink.aps.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.77.5190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFAudiKondevWangHuang2017" class="citation journal cs1">Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Naimi, S. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626233853/https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001">"The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties"</a>. <i>Chinese Physics C</i>. <b>41</b> (3): 030001. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ChPhC..41c0001A">2017ChPhC..41c0001A</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1088%2F1674-1137%2F41%2F3%2F030001">10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1674-1137">1674-1137</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001">the original</a> on 2020-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Physics+C&rft.atitle=The+NUBASE2016+evaluation+of+nuclear+properties&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=030001&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=1674-1137&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1088%2F1674-1137%2F41%2F3%2F030001&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2017ChPhC..41c0001A&rft.aulast=Audi&rft.aufirst=G.&rft.au=Kondev%2C+F.+G.&rft.au=Wang%2C+Meng&rft.au=Huang%2C+W.J.&rft.au=Naimi%2C+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiopscience.iop.org%2Farticle%2F10.1088%2F1674-1137%2F41%2F3%2F030001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0">6.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1">6.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-2">6.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwoodN.1997" class="citation book cs1">Greenwood, Norman; N., Earnshaw (1997). <i>Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.)</i>. Elsevier Science & Technology Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-037941-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-037941-8"><bdi>978-0-08-037941-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemistry+of+the+Elements+%282nd+ed.%29&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science+%26+Technology+Books&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-08-037941-8&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft.au=N.%2C+Earnshaw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEmsley,_John.2001" class="citation book cs1">Emsley, John. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/46984609"><i>Nature's building blocks : an A-Z guide to the elements</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-850341-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-850341-5"><bdi>0-19-850341-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/46984609">46984609</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nature%27s+building+blocks+%3A+an+A-Z+guide+to+the+elements&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F46984609&rft.isbn=0-19-850341-5&rft.au=Emsley%2C+John.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F46984609&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_8-1">8.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFRouschias1974" class="citation journal cs1">Rouschias, George (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cr60291a002">"Recent advances in the chemistry of rhenium"</a>. <i>Chemical Reviews</i>. <b>74</b> (5): 531–566. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fcr60291a002">10.1021/cr60291a002</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0009-2665">0009-2665</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Reviews&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+the+chemistry+of+rhenium&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=531-566&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fcr60291a002&rft.issn=0009-2665&rft.aulast=Rouschias&rft.aufirst=George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.acs.org%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1021%2Fcr60291a002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSCHENKBRAUER1963" class="citation book cs1">SCHENK, P.W.; BRAUER, G. (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9"><i>Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry</i></a>. Elsevier. pp. 3–107. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9">10.1016/b978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-395590-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-395590-6"><bdi>978-0-12-395590-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Preparative+Inorganic+Chemistry&rft.pages=3-107&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=1963&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9&rft.isbn=978-0-12-395590-6&rft.aulast=SCHENK&rft.aufirst=P.W.&rft.au=BRAUER%2C+G.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-395590-6.50008-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBondarenkoKablovSurovaEchin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Bondarenko, Yu. A.; Kablov, E. N.; Surova, V. A.; Echin, A. B. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11041-006-0099-6">"Effect of high-gradient directed crystallization on the structure and properties of rhenium-bearing single-crystal alloy"</a>. <i>Metal Science and Heat Treatment</i>. <b>48</b> (7–8): 360–363. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006MSHT...48..360B">2006MSHT...48..360B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11041-006-0099-6">10.1007/s11041-006-0099-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-0673">0026-0673</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:136907279">136907279</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Metal+Science+and+Heat+Treatment&rft.atitle=Effect+of+high-gradient+directed+crystallization+on+the+structure+and+properties+of+rhenium-bearing+single-crystal+alloy&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=7%E2%80%938&rft.pages=360-363&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11041-006-0099-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A136907279%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0026-0673&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006MSHT...48..360B&rft.aulast=Bondarenko&rft.aufirst=Yu.+A.&rft.au=Kablov%2C+E.+N.&rft.au=Surova%2C+V.+A.&rft.au=Echin%2C+A.+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2Fs11041-006-0099-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEarleMedikonduriRajagopalNarayanan2005" class="citation journal cs1">Earle, G.D.; Medikonduri, R.; Rajagopal, N.; Narayanan, V.; Roddy, P.A. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1519014">"Tungsten-rhenium filament lifetime variability in low pressure oxygen environments"</a>. <i>IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science</i>. <b>33</b> (5): 1736–1737. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005ITPS...33.1736E">2005ITPS...33.1736E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FTPS.2005.856413">10.1109/TPS.2005.856413</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0093-3813">0093-3813</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:26162679">26162679</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Transactions+on+Plasma+Science&rft.atitle=Tungsten-rhenium+filament+lifetime+variability+in+low+pressure+oxygen+environments&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1736-1737&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FTPS.2005.856413&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A26162679%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0093-3813&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2005ITPS...33.1736E&rft.aulast=Earle&rft.aufirst=G.D.&rft.au=Medikonduri%2C+R.&rft.au=Rajagopal%2C+N.&rft.au=Narayanan%2C+V.&rft.au=Roddy%2C+P.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fdocument%2F1519014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEde,_Andrew.2006" class="citation book cs1">Ede, Andrew. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/64390389"><i>The chemical element : a historical perspective</i></a>. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-33304-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-33304-1"><bdi>0-313-33304-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/64390389">64390389</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+chemical+element+%3A+a+historical+perspective&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn.&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F64390389&rft.isbn=0-313-33304-1&rft.au=Ede%2C+Andrew.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F64390389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFRyashentseva1998" class="citation journal cs1">Ryashentseva, Margarita A (1998-02-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stacks.iop.org/0036-021X/67/i=2/a=R05?key=crossref.bf4b596e555b5ad2930bfa405847e496">"Rhenium-containing catalysts in reactions of organic compounds"</a>. <i>Russian Chemical Reviews</i>. <b>67</b> (2): 157–177. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998RuCRv..67..157R">1998RuCRv..67..157R</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1070%2FRC1998v067n02ABEH000390">10.1070/RC1998v067n02ABEH000390</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0036-021X">0036-021X</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:250866233">250866233</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Russian+Chemical+Reviews&rft.atitle=Rhenium-containing+catalysts+in+reactions+of+organic+compounds&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=157-177&rft.date=1998-02-28&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1070%2FRC1998v067n02ABEH000390&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A250866233%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0036-021X&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1998RuCRv..67..157R&rft.aulast=Ryashentseva&rft.aufirst=Margarita+A&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstacks.iop.org%2F0036-021X%2F67%2Fi%3D2%2Fa%3DR05%3Fkey%3Dcrossref.bf4b596e555b5ad2930bfa405847e496&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFR._DilworthJ._Parrott1998" class="citation journal cs1">R. Dilworth, Jonathan; J. Parrott, Suzanne (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xlink.rsc.org/?DOI=a827043z">"The biomedical chemistry of technetium and rhenium"</a>. <i>Chemical Society Reviews</i>. <b>27</b> (1): 43. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1039%2Fa827043z">10.1039/a827043z</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0306-0012">0306-0012</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Society+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+biomedical+chemistry+of+technetium+and+rhenium&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=43&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1039%2Fa827043z&rft.issn=0306-0012&rft.aulast=R.+Dilworth&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=J.+Parrott%2C+Suzanne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxlink.rsc.org%2F%3FDOI%3Da827043z&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ARhenium" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="navbox collapsible uncollapsed"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="32"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Periodic_Table" title="Template:Periodic Table"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Periodic_Table" title="Template talk:Periodic Table"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Periodic_Table&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini"><a href="/wiki/Periodic_table" title="Periodic table">Periodic table</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">H</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" colspan="30">  </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Li</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Beryllium" title="Beryllium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Carbon" title="Carbon">C</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">O</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Fluorine" title="Fluorine">F</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">Na</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24">  </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Silicon" title="Silicon">Si</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Phosphorus" title="Phosphorus">P</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" title="Sulfur">S</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">Cl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium">K</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Scandium" title="Scandium">Sc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" title="Chromium">Cr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese">Mn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Fe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">Co</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Cu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">As</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Bromine" title="Bromine">Br</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14">  </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" title="Zirconium">Zr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" title="Molybdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" title="Technetium">Tc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" title="Ruthenium">Ru</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" title="Rhodium">Rh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">Ag</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" title="Cadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Sn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" title="Antimony">Sb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" title="Tellurium">Te</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" title="Iodine">I</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" title="Caesium">Cs</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" title="Lanthanum">La</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" title="Cerium">Ce</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" title="Praseodymium">Pr</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" title="Neodymium">Nd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" title="Promethium">Pm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" title="Dysprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" title="Thulium">Tm</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" title="Lutetium">Lu</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten">W</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Re</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Pt</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">Au</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">Hg</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Tl</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">Pb</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth">Bi</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" title="Astatine">At</a> </td> <td width="3.125%" style="background-color:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Francium" title="Francium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" title="Thorium">Th</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" title="Protactinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Americium" title="Americium">Am</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Californium" title="Californium">Cf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" title="Lawrencium">Lr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" title="Copernicium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" title="Moscovium">Mc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" title="Tennessine">Ts</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#e8e8e8"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="32"> <table border="1" align="center" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; width:100%" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#ff6666" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Alkali_metal" title="Alkali metal">Alkali metals</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffdead" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal" title="Alkaline earth metal">Alkaline earth metals</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffbfff" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanide" title="Lanthanide">Lanthanides</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ff99cc" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Actinide" title="Actinide">Actinides</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffc0c0" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Transition_metal" title="Transition metal">Transition metals</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccccc" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Post-transition_metal" title="Post-transition metal">Poor metals</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#cccc99" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Metalloid" title="Metalloid">Metalloids</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#a0ffa0" width="10%">Other <a href="/wiki/Nonmetal" title="Nonmetal">nonmetals</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffff99" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">Halogens</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#c0ffff" width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Noble_gas" title="Noble gas">Noble gases</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&oldid=9119843">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhenium&oldid=9119843</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a 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