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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Function"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Function</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Function-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decor_and_furnishings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decor_and_furnishings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Decor and furnishings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Decor_and_furnishings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Decor and furnishings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Decor_and_furnishings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-McKay_villa_and_Mappin_block" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#McKay_villa_and_Mappin_block"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>McKay villa and Mappin block</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-McKay_villa_and_Mappin_block-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Dufferin_wings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Dufferin_wings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>The Dufferin wings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Dufferin_wings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monck_wing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monck_wing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Monck wing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monck_wing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grounds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grounds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Grounds</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grounds-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Grounds subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grounds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Other_structures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_structures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Other structures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_structures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surrounding_properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surrounding_properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Surrounding properties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surrounding_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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title="Rideau Hall – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rideau Hall" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rideau Hall" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rideau Hall" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%8F%84_%ED%99%80" title="리도 홀 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리도 홀" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95" title="אחוזת רידו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אחוזת רידו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rideau_Hall" title="Rideau Hall – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rideau Hall" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE-%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Ридо-холл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ридо-холл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE-%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Рідо-Голл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рідо-Голл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%BD%E9%83%BD%E5%8E%85" title="丽都厅 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="丽都厅" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Official residence of both the monarch and Governor General of Canada</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the television series of the same name, see <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Hall_(TV_series)" title="Rideau Hall (TV series)">Rideau Hall (TV series)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Government House</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">Rideau Hall</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG/250px-Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG/375px-Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG/500px-Ottawa_-_Rideau_Hall.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="text-align: center">Main façade of Government House</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_7e3052b88c4045ac7fd2e4c3a9f67d938b16944e"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Rideau_Hall&revid=1243019664&groups=_7e3052b88c4045ac7fd2e4c3a9f67d938b16944e" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Rideau_Hall&revid=1243019664&groups=_7e3052b88c4045ac7fd2e4c3a9f67d938b16944e 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architectural style</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Regency_architecture" title="Regency architecture">Regency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman Revival</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture#Development_of_Renaissance_architecture_in_Italy_–_Early_Renaissance" title="Renaissance architecture">Florentine Renaissance Revival</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">1 <a href="/wiki/Sussex_Drive" title="Sussex Drive">Sussex Dr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town or city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, Ontario</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Rideau_Hall&params=45.443753_N_75.685641_W_region:CA-ON_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°26′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">75°41′08″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.443753°N 75.685641°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">45.443753; -75.685641</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Construction started</th><td class="infobox-data">1838</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cost</th><td class="infobox-data">$82,000 (1868)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Client</th><td class="infobox-data">Thomas McKay (1838), <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">The Crown in Right of Canada</a> (1865, 1872, 1899, 1906, 1914, 1925, 2004)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada" title="Monarchy of Canada">The King in Right of Canada</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landlord</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Commission" title="National Capital Commission">National Capital Commission</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Technical details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">9,500 m<sup>2</sup> (102,000 sq ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKay" title="Thomas McKay">Thomas McKay</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Ewart" title="David Ewart">David Ewart</a>, etc.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Number of rooms</th><td class="infobox-data">≈ 175</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid #FF0000; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada" title="National Historic Sites of Canada">National Historic Site of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">1977</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rideau Hall</b> (officially <b>Government House</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">official residence</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Governor_general_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor general of Canada">governor general of Canada</a>, the representative of the <a href="/wiki/Monarch_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Monarch of Canada">monarch of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Located in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> of the country on a 36-hectare (88-acre) estate at 1 <a href="/wiki/Sussex_Drive" title="Sussex Drive">Sussex Drive</a>. The main building consisting of approximately 175 rooms across 9,500 square metres (102,000 sq ft), and 27 outbuildings around the grounds. Rideau Hall's site lies just outside the centre of Ottawa.<sup id="cite_ref-Mon_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of two official <a href="/wiki/Vice-regal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice-regal">vice-regal</a> residences<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> maintained by the federal Crown, the other being the <a href="/wiki/Citadelle_of_Quebec" title="Citadelle of Quebec">Citadelle of Quebec</a>. </p><p>Most of Rideau Hall is used for state affairs, only 500 square metres (5,400 sq ft) of its area being dedicated to private living quarters, while additional areas serve as the offices of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Heraldic_Authority" title="Canadian Heraldic Authority">Canadian Heraldic Authority</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the principal workplace of the governor general and their staff; either the term <i>Rideau Hall</i>, as a <a href="/wiki/Metonymy" title="Metonymy">metonym</a>, or the formal idiom <i>Government House</i> is employed to refer to this bureaucratic branch. Officially received at the palace are foreign <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">heads of state</a>, both incoming and outgoing <a href="/wiki/Ambassador" title="Ambassador">ambassadors</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_commissioner_(Commonwealth)" title="High commissioner (Commonwealth)">high commissioners</a> to Canada, and Canadian <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Crown" title="Minister of the Crown">Crown ministers</a> for <a href="/wiki/Audience_(meeting)" title="Audience (meeting)">audiences</a> with either the viceroy or the sovereign, should the latter be in residence. Rideau Hall is likewise the location of many <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Canada" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Canada">Canadian award</a> presentations and investitures, where <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">prime ministers</a> and other members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">federal Cabinet</a> are sworn in, and where federal <a href="/wiki/Writ_of_election" title="Writ of election">writs of election</a> are "dropped", among other ceremonial and constitutional functions. </p><p>Rideau Hall and the surrounding grounds were designated as a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada" title="National Historic Sites of Canada">National Historic Site of Canada</a> in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The house is open to the public for guided tours throughout the year; approximately 200,000 visitors tour Rideau Hall annually.<sup id="cite_ref-GGRH_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGRH-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1934, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_District_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal District Commission">Federal District Commission</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Commission" title="National Capital Commission">National Capital Commission</a>) has managed the grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Rideau Hall</i> was chosen by Thomas McKay for his villa, drawing inspiration from the <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Canal" title="Rideau Canal">Rideau Canal</a> which he had helped construct, though the house was also known colloquially as <i>McKay's Castle</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-LAC_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once the house became the official residence of the governor general, it was termed formally as <i>Government House</i>. However, Rideau Hall stuck as the informal name, and the existence of two names for the building led to some issue: in 1889 the <a href="/wiki/Viceregal_consort_of_Canada" title="Viceregal consort of Canada">viceregal consort</a>, the Lady Stanley of Preston, was rebuked by Queen Victoria for calling the house Rideau Hall; it was to be Government House, as in all other Empire capitals.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, however, Rideau Hall is the commonly accepted term for the house, with Government House remaining only in use for very formal or legal affairs; for example, <a href="/wiki/Royal_proclamation" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal proclamation">royal proclamations</a> will finish with the phrase: "At Our Government House, in Our City of Ottawa [...]"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="McKay_villa">McKay villa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: McKay villa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MacKayplan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MacKayplan.jpg/220px-MacKayplan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MacKayplan.jpg/330px-MacKayplan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/MacKayplan.jpg/440px-MacKayplan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="872" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Floor plan of the original McKay villa superimposed over the present day footprint of Rideau Hall. The building was significantly expanded after its acquisition by the Crown.</figcaption></figure> <p>The site of Rideau Hall and the original structure were chosen and built by stonemason <a href="/wiki/Thomas_McKay" title="Thomas McKay">Thomas McKay</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-LAC_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who immigrated from <a href="/wiki/Perth,_Scotland" title="Perth, Scotland">Perth, Scotland</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lower_Canada" title="Lower Canada">Lower Canada</a>, in 1817 and later became the main contractor involved in the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Canal" title="Rideau Canal">Rideau Canal</a>. Following the completion of the canal, McKay built mills at <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Falls" title="Rideau Falls">Rideau Falls</a>, making him the founder of <a href="/wiki/New_Edinburgh" title="New Edinburgh">New Edinburgh</a>, the original settlement of Ottawa. With his newly acquired wealth, McKay purchased the 100 acre<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> site overlooking both the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_River" title="Ottawa River">Ottawa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rideau_River" title="Rideau River">Rideau Rivers</a> and built a stone <a href="/wiki/Villa" title="Villa">villa</a> where he and his family lived until 1855 and which became the root of the present day Rideau Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Locals referred to the structure as <i>McKay's Castle</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even before the building became a viceregal residence, the hall received noted visitors, including three Governors General of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canada" title="Province of Canada">Province of Canada</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Poulett_Thomson,_1st_Baron_Sydenham" title="Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham">the Lord Sydenham</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Bruce,_8th_Earl_of_Elgin" title="James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin">the Earl of Elgin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Walker_Head" title="Edmund Walker Head">Sir Edmund Head</a>. It was said that the watercolours of Barrack Hill (now <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a>) painted by the latter governor's wife, Lady Head, while she was visiting Rideau Hall, had influenced <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> to choose <a href="/wiki/Bytown" title="Bytown">Bytown</a> (now Ottawa) as the national capital. Also, on 2 September 1860, the day after he laid the <a href="/wiki/Cornerstone" title="Cornerstone">cornerstone</a> of the parliament buildings, Prince Edward, Prince of Wales (later King <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a>), drove through the grounds of Rideau Hall as part of his tour of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viceregal_home">Viceregal home</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Viceregal home"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fancy_ball_given_by_the_Governor_General_Lord_Dufferin_at_Rideau_Hall_on_February_23,_1876_Bal_costum%C3%A9_donn%C3%A9_par_le_gouverneur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_lord_Dufferin_%C3%A0_Rideau_Hall,_le_23_f%C3%A9vrier_1876_(8050986967).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fancy_ball_given_by_the_Governor_General_Lord_Dufferin_at_Rideau_Hall_on_February_23%2C_1876_Bal_costum%C3%A9_donn%C3%A9_par_le_gouverneur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_lord_Dufferin_%C3%A0_Rideau_Hall%2C_le_23_f%C3%A9vrier_1876_%288050986967%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fancy_ball_given_by_the_Governor_General_Lord_Dufferin_at_Rideau_Hall_on_February_23%2C_1876_Bal_costum%C3%A9_donn%C3%A9_par_le_gouverneur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_lord_Dufferin_%C3%A0_Rideau_Hall%2C_le_23_f%C3%A9vrier_1876_%288050986967%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Fancy_ball_given_by_the_Governor_General_Lord_Dufferin_at_Rideau_Hall_on_February_23%2C_1876_Bal_costum%C3%A9_donn%C3%A9_par_le_gouverneur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_lord_Dufferin_%C3%A0_Rideau_Hall%2C_le_23_f%C3%A9vrier_1876_%288050986967%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Costume ball at Rideau Hall, hosted by Governor General <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood,_1st_Marquess_of_Dufferin_and_Ava" title="Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava">Lord Dufferin</a> at Rideau Hall, 1876</figcaption></figure> <p>After Bytown was chosen as the capital of the Province of Canada, a design competition was launched in 1859 for a new parliamentary campus. The Centre Block, departmental buildings, and a residence for the governor general were each awarded separately. The winning scheme for Government House was a <a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_architecture_in_the_United_States_and_Canada" title="Second Empire architecture in the United States and Canada">Second Empire</a> design by Toronto architects <a href="/wiki/Frederick_William_Cumberland" title="Frederick William Cumberland">Cumberland</a> & <a href="/wiki/William_George_Storm" title="William George Storm">Storm</a>. However, it was never built, owing to cost overruns on the construction of the parliament buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1864, Rideau Hall was leased by the Crown from the McKay family for $4,000 per year and was intended to serve only as a temporary home for the <a href="/wiki/Viceroy" title="Viceroy">viceroy</a> until a proper government house could be constructed. The next year, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Preston_Rubidge" title="Frederick Preston Rubidge">Frederick Preston Rubidge</a> oversaw the refinishing of the original villa and designed additions to accommodate the new functions.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitham_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitham-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rubidge_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubidge-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was enlarged to three or four times the original size, mostly by way of a new 49-room wing,<sup id="cite_ref-Whitham_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitham-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, once complete, the first Governor General of Canada, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Monck,_4th_Viscount_Monck" title="Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck">the Viscount Monck</a>, took residence. These additions were opposed by <a href="/wiki/George_Brown_(Canadian_politician)" title="George Brown (Canadian politician)">George Brown</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who claimed that "the governor general's residence is a miserable little house, and the grounds those of an ambitious country squire." Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a> agreed, complaining that more had been spent on patching up Rideau Hall than could have been used to construct a new royal palace. Nonetheless, the gatehouse was enhanced by Rubidge and the entire property purchased outright in 1868 for the sum of $82,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Rubidge_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rubidge-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thereafter, the house became the social centre of Ottawa—even Canada—hosting foreign visitors (the first being <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_Alexei_Alexandrovich_of_Russia" title="Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia">Grand Duke Alexis</a>, son of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Alexander_II_of_Russia" title="Alexander II of Russia">Alexander II of Russia</a>), investitures, swearing-in ceremonies, balls, dinners, garden parties, children's parties, and theatrical productions in the ballroom (initiated by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood,_1st_Marquess_of_Dufferin_and_Ava" title="Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava">the Earl</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hariot_Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood,_Marchioness_of_Dufferin_and_Ava" title="Hariot Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava">Countess of Dufferin</a>), in which members of the household and viceregal family would participate.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Probably the largest event held in the ballroom was a fancy dress ball hosted by the Dufferins on the evening of 23 February 1876, which approximately 1,500 guests attended.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Views_of_Ottawa_18.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Views_of_Ottawa_18.png/220px-Views_of_Ottawa_18.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Views_of_Ottawa_18.png/330px-Views_of_Ottawa_18.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Views_of_Ottawa_18.png/440px-Views_of_Ottawa_18.png 2x" data-file-width="746" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Rideau Hall from the southeast in 1884</figcaption></figure> <p>Still, despite the popularity of the events that took place in the building, negative first impressions of Rideau Hall itself were a theme until the early part of the 20th century. Upon arrival there in 1872, the Countess of Dufferin said in her journal: "We have been so very enthusiastic about everything hitherto that the first sight of Rideau Hall did lower our spirits just a little!"<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1893, Lady Stanley, wife of Governor General <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Stanley,_16th_Earl_of_Derby" title="Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby">the Lord Stanley of Preston</a>, said "you will find the furniture in the rooms very old-fashioned & not very pretty [...] The red drawing room [...] had no furniture except chairs & tables [...] The walls are absolutely bare [...] The room which has always been the wife of the G.G.'s sitting room is very empty [...] There are no lamps in the house at all. No cushions, no table cloths, in fact none of the small things that make a room pretty & comfortable."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Echoing these earlier comments, <a href="/wiki/Ishbel_Hamilton-Gordon,_Marchioness_of_Aberdeen_and_Temair" title="Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair">the Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair</a> said upon her departure from Ottawa that Rideau Hall was a "shabby old Government House put away amongst its clump of bushes [...]"<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall,_Ottawa,_Ontario.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg/220px-May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg/330px-May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg/440px-May_Day_group_at_Rideau_Hall%2C_Ottawa%2C_Ontario.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="610" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/May_Day" title="May Day">May Day</a> garden party at Rideau Hall, 1898</figcaption></figure> <p>Various improvements were undertaken over the decades, seeing the first gas chandeliers and a telegraph wire put in, as well as the construction of the ballroom in the same year. By the time Rideau Hall was to live up to its role as a royal home, when its first royal residents—<a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_9th_Duke_of_Argyll" title="John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll">John Campbell, Marquess of Lorne</a>, and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise,_Duchess_of_Argyll" title="Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll">Princess Louise</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—moved in at the beginning of 1878, many upgrades had been completed. Lorne stated of the hall: "Here we are settling down in this big and comfortable House [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>], which I tell Louise is much superior to <a href="/wiki/Kensington_Palace" title="Kensington Palace">Kensington</a>, for the walls are thick, the rooms are <a href="/wiki/Lath" title="Lath">lathed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Plaster" title="Plaster">plastered</a> (which they are not at Kensington) and there is an abundant supply of heat and light."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The princess was not long in Rideau Hall before <a href="/wiki/Fenian" title="Fenian">Fenians</a> posed themselves as a threat to her life and she was ushered back to the UK for both rest and protection. When she returned in 1880, with the Queen greatly concerned for her daughter's safety, it was felt necessary to post extra guards around the grounds of the hall.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Princess_Patricia_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Princess_Patricia_2.jpg/220px-Princess_Patricia_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Princess_Patricia_2.jpg/330px-Princess_Patricia_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Princess_Patricia_2.jpg/440px-Princess_Patricia_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Princess_Patricia_of_Connaught" title="Princess Patricia of Connaught">Princess Patricia of Connaught</a> and Major Worthington at Rideau Hall's skating rink, 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>Thereafter, members of the royal family would stay periodically at Rideau Hall, if not as governor general then as guests of the Crown, so that the palace played host to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Leopold,_Duke_of_Albany" title="Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany">Prince Leopold</a> (later also Duke of Albany) in 1880; <a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">Prince George</a> (later King George V) in 1882, 1901, and 1908; <a href="/wiki/Prince_Arthur,_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Louise_Margaret,_Duchess_of_Connaught" class="mw-redirect" title="Princess Louise Margaret, Duchess of Connaught">Princess Louise, Duchess of Connaught</a> (later also the Duke and Duchess of Strathearn), in 1890 and as the viceregal couple from 1906 to 1912; <a href="/wiki/Princess_Marie_Louise_of_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein">Princess Louise</a> in 1900; <a href="/wiki/Princess_Patricia_of_Connaught" title="Princess Patricia of Connaught">Princess Patricia</a> with her parents from 1906 to 1912; <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">Prince Albert</a> (later King George VI) in 1910 and 1913; <a href="/wiki/Edward_VIII" title="Edward VIII">Edward, Prince of Wales</a> (later King Edward VIII), in 1919, 1923, 1924, and 1927; <a href="/wiki/Prince_George,_Duke_of_Kent" title="Prince George, Duke of Kent">Prince George</a> (later also Duke of Kent) in 1926 and 1927; and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Henry,_Duke_of_Gloucester" title="Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester">Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester</a>, in 1929. </p><p>A member of the royal family, <a href="/wiki/Alastair_Windsor,_2nd_Duke_of_Connaught_and_Strathearn" title="Alastair Windsor, 2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn">the Duke of Connaught and Strathearn</a> (grandson of Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn), lost his life on the grounds of Rideau hall. <a href="/wiki/Theo_Aronson" title="Theo Aronson">Theo Aronson</a>, in his 1981 biography of <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Countess_of_Athlone" title="Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone">Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone</a>, simply stated that the Duke "was found dead on the floor of his room at Rideau Hall on the morning of 26 April 1943. He had died, apparently, from hypothermia."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The diaries of <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lascelles" title="Alan Lascelles">Sir Alan Lascelles</a>, King George VI's private secretary, published in 2006, recorded that both the regiment and Athlone had rejected him as incompetent,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and he fell out of a window when drunk and perished of <a href="/wiki/Hypothermia" title="Hypothermia">hypothermia</a> overnight. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_World_War">Second World War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Second World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg/220px-King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg/330px-King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg/440px-King_George_VI_and_Queen_Elizabeth_Rideau_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1185" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Left to right: <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth</a>, King <a href="/wiki/George_VI" title="George VI">George VI</a>, Governor General <a href="/wiki/John_Buchan" title="John Buchan">the Lord Tweedsmuir</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Susan_Buchan,_Baroness_Tweedsmuir" class="mw-redirect" title="Susan Buchan, Baroness Tweedsmuir">the Lady Tweedsmuir</a> at Rideau Hall on 20 May 1939</figcaption></figure> <p>When King George VI and his <a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs#List_of_royal_consorts_of_Canada" title="List of Canadian monarchs">consort</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_The_Queen_Mother" title="Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth</a>, arrived at Rideau Hall on 19 May 1939,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during their first <a href="/wiki/Royal_tours_of_Canada" title="Royal tours of Canada">royal tour of Canada</a>, official royal tour historian <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Lanctot" title="Gustave Lanctot">Gustave Lanctot</a> stated: "When Their Majesties walked into their Canadian residence, the <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Westminster_1931" title="Statute of Westminster 1931">Statute of Westminster</a> had assumed full reality: the King of Canada had come home."<sup id="cite_ref-Lanctot_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lanctot-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King, while there, became the first monarch of Canada to personally receive the credentials of an ambassador, that being <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Calhoun_Roper" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel Calhoun Roper">Daniel Calhoun Roper</a> as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Ambassador_to_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Ambassador to Canada">representative of the United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was thought for a time, after the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War</a>, that the King, Queen, and their two daughters—<a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Princesses Elizabeth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Margaret,_Countess_of_Snowdon" title="Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon">Margaret</a>—would move permanently to Canada for the duration of the conflict in Europe; though, <a href="/wiki/Hatley_Park_National_Historic_Site" title="Hatley Park National Historic Site">Hatley Castle</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Colwood,_British_Columbia" title="Colwood, British Columbia">Colwood, British Columbia</a>, was purchased by the King in Right of Canada for this purpose, instead of using Rideau Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was decided that the royal family leaving the United Kingdom at a time of war would be a major blow to morale and they remained in Britain. </p><p>During the war, the palace became the home in exile of a number of royals displaced by the invasions of their respective countries back in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard201_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard201-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the royal guests were <a href="/wiki/Olav_V_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Olav V of Norway">Crown Prince Olav</a> (later King Olav V) and <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4rtha_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="Märtha of Sweden">Crown Princess Märtha</a> of <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>; <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_Grand_Duchess_of_Luxembourg" title="Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg">Grand Duchess Charlotte</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Felix_of_Bourbon-Parma" title="Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma">Prince Felix</a> of <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>; King <a href="/wiki/Peter_II_of_Yugoslavia" title="Peter II of Yugoslavia">Peter II of Yugoslavia</a>; King <a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">George II of Greece</a>; <a href="/wiki/Zita_of_Bourbon-Parma" title="Zita of Bourbon-Parma">Empress Zita</a> of <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and her daughters; as well as Queen <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmina_of_the_Netherlands" title="Wilhelmina of the Netherlands">Wilhelmina of the Netherlands</a>, her daughter, <a href="/wiki/Juliana_of_the_Netherlands" title="Juliana of the Netherlands">Princess Juliana</a> (later Queen Juliana), and granddaughters, Princesses <a href="/wiki/Beatrix_of_the_Netherlands" title="Beatrix of the Netherlands">Beatrix</a> (later Queen Beatrix), <a href="/wiki/Princess_Irene_of_the_Netherlands" title="Princess Irene of the Netherlands">Irene</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Margriet_of_the_Netherlands" title="Princess Margriet of the Netherlands">Margriet</a>. Though the resident governor general's wife, <a href="/wiki/Princess_Alice,_Countess_of_Athlone" title="Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone">Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone</a>, could do little to add her personal touch to Rideau Hall, due to rationing and scarce supplies, she put many of the other royal ladies to work making clothing for those who had lost their homes in <a href="/wiki/The_Blitz" title="The Blitz">the Blitz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard201_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard201-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was then in 1940 that the governor general's office in the <a href="/wiki/East_Block" title="East Block">East Block</a> of Parliament Hill was closed and moved to Rideau Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1941, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> arrived at the hall, where he presided over <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Cabinet of the United Kingdom">British Cabinet</a> meetings via telephone from his bed.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_and_closed_gates">Postwar and closed gates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Postwar and closed gates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg/220px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg/330px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg/440px-Queen_Elizabeth_and_members_of_the_federal_government_of_Canada_in_Ottawa_1957-10-14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>In the state dining room, Queen <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a> (seated, centre) presides over a meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Privy Council for Canada">Privy Council</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Prince Philiip</a> (to her left) and <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Diefenbaker" title="John Diefenbaker">John Diefenbaker</a> (at her right)</figcaption></figure> <p>At the end of the global war, the first peacetime ball at Rideau Hall was held for <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, after which life within the household returned to normal. The transition from war to peace was marked by the appointment as governor general of <a href="/wiki/Harold_Alexander,_1st_Earl_Alexander_of_Tunis" title="Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis">the Viscount Alexander</a>, whose son, Brian, reportedly used the portraits of former governors general throughout the hall as targets for his <a href="/wiki/Water_gun" title="Water gun">water pistol</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During Alexander's tenure, Government House's first post-war Canadian royal visitors were the heiress presumptive to the throne, Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh (later Queen Elizabeth II), and her husband, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Edinburgh" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh">Philip, Duke of Edinburgh</a>, who came in late 1951 and, amongst other activities, took part in a <a href="/wiki/Square_dance" title="Square dance">square dance</a> in the ballroom (replete with <a href="/wiki/Tartan" title="Tartan">checked</a> shirts). Churchill, once again Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, returned to Rideau Hall in January of the next year, where, sprawled on a sofa with a cigar in one hand and a brandy in the other, he persuaded Alexander to join the British Cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the death of the King only a month following Churchill's 1952 visit, the front of Rideau Hall was covered with black <a href="/wiki/Bunting_(textile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunting (textile)">bunting</a> as a sign of <a href="/wiki/Mourning" title="Mourning">mourning</a>. As one of his last acts as king of Canada, George VI appointed <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Massey" title="Vincent Massey">Vincent Massey</a> as not only the first Canadian-born viceregal resident of his Canadian home, but also the first who was single, with Massey having been <a href="/wiki/Widowed" class="mw-redirect" title="Widowed">widowed</a> two years prior to his installation; his daughter-in-law, Lilias, thus acted as <a href="/wiki/Chatelaine_of_Rideau_Hall" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatelaine of Rideau Hall">Chatelaine of Rideau Hall</a>. Massey spoke of Rideau Hall as "a piece of architecture that might be regarded as possessing a certain lovable eccentricity," in spite of "some of the most regrettable pieces of furniture I have ever seen."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg/220px-Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg/330px-Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg/440px-Her_Majesty_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_her_Canadian_Ministers_at_Rideau_Hall_1_July_1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="912" /></a><figcaption>Elizabeth II with her Cabinet inside Rideau Hall, 1967</figcaption></figure> <p>The number of formal occasions at Rideau Hall increased through the 1950s and 1960s, as Canada's diplomatic corps increased and the country gained greater international standing; visitors during Massey's tenure included Queen Juliana, President Eisenhower, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie_I_of_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia">Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, and the presidents of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. With the greater ease of travel, more members of <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Canada#Royal_family_and_house" title="Monarchy of Canada">Canada's royal family</a> visited as well, including the Queen Mother; <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Princess_Royal_and_Countess_of_Harewood" title="Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood">Princess Mary, Princess Royal</a>; <a href="/wiki/Katharine,_Duchess_of_Kent" title="Katharine, Duchess of Kent">Katharine, Duchess of Kent</a>; Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon; Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh; and, in 1957, Elizabeth was again in residence, though for the first time as queen.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was during that stay that the Queen made her first-ever appearance on <a href="/wiki/Live_television" title="Live television">live television</a>; from Rideau Hall, on 13 October (<a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_(Canada)" title="Thanksgiving (Canada)">Thanksgiving Day</a>), she delivered an address to Canadians,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aired on the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Queen also stayed in her Ottawa government house and held audience with an influx of 53 foreign heads of state and government during <a href="/wiki/Expo_67" title="Expo 67">Expo 67</a>, held in Montreal, and <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Centennial" title="Canadian Centennial">Canada's centennial celebrations</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/October_Crisis" title="October Crisis">October Crisis</a> in 1970, Rideau Hall was heavily guarded for a number of weeks, due to the threat from the <i><a href="/wiki/Front_de_lib%C3%A9ration_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Front de libération du Québec">Front de libération du Québec</a></i>, who had planted bombs and conducted kidnappings in Quebec during the crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg/220px-Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg/330px-Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg/440px-Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9_1985.jpg 2x" data-file-width="638" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Governor General <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9" title="Jeanne Sauvé">Jeanne Sauvé</a> hosting a garden party outside Rideau Hall in 1985</figcaption></figure> <p>The relatively free access to the grounds, which had been traditionally allowed since 1921 and enjoyed by tourists and local neighbours alike, ceased during <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9" title="Jeanne Sauvé">Jeanne Sauvé</a>'s time as governor general from 1984 to 1990; access was granted only through invitation, appointment, or pre-arranged tours on certain days. The decision to do so was based on concerns expressed by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Commission" title="National Capital Commission">National Capital Commission</a> for the security of the vicereine and brought Rideau Hall in line with other official residences, including <a href="/wiki/24_Sussex_Drive" title="24 Sussex Drive">24 Sussex Drive</a> and Buckingham Palace, that did not allow public access. However, Sauvé was reported to have also been personally concerned for her safety, saying: "I'm worried about those crazy men out there." </p><p>This caused controversy not only because Sauvé had contradicted her earlier statement about Rideau Hall, wherein she said: "oh yes, definitely, it has to be open," but also because it denied Ottawa residents the use of the grounds. One group formed under the name <i>Canada Unlock the Gate Group</i> and asserted the closure was more due to Sauvé's selfish desire for privacy than any real security risks; <i><a href="/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i> reported in 1986 that the group planned to boycott the Governor General's annual garden party because of what they called her "bunker mentality". Sauvé's successor, <a href="/wiki/Ray_Hnatyshyn" title="Ray Hnatyshyn">Ray Hnatyshyn</a>, reopened Government House and its gardens to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sauvé also entertained a plan suggested by management consultants <a href="/wiki/Price_Waterhouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Price Waterhouse">Price Waterhouse</a> to move from Rideau Hall into <a href="/wiki/Rideau_Cottage" title="Rideau Cottage">Rideau Cottage</a>, both for privacy and cost savings.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg/220px-Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg/330px-Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg/440px-Swearing-In_Day_Trudeau_Cabinet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Governor General <a href="/wiki/David_Johnston_(governor_general)" title="David Johnston (governor general)">David Johnston</a> with his newly sworn-in <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a> in the ballroom of Rideau Hall, 4 November 2015</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Julie_Payette" title="Julie Payette">Julie Payette</a> did not take up residence in Rideau Hall during her tenure since, at the time of her appointment in October 2017, renovations that are part of a long-term plan toward 2067 were underway. In particular, the private apartments of the palace were being altered to provide a "sense of privacy and intimacy". Payette instead moved into <a href="/wiki/7_Rideau_Gate" title="7 Rideau Gate">7 Rideau Gate</a>, the residence, immediately outside the main entrance to the Rideau Hall grounds, normally reserved for dignitaries on official visits to Canada. Though the alterations to the viceregal family suite were complete by March 2018, further renovations to improve accessibility began immediately after. There was an intent for Payette to move to Rideau Hall in the summer of 2019, but she spent the summer at the <a href="/wiki/Citadelle_of_Quebec" title="Citadelle of Quebec">Citadelle of Quebec</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg/220px-Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg/330px-Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg/440px-Abdulkadir_Jailani_and_Julie_Payette.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3595" data-file-height="2397" /></a><figcaption>Governor General <a href="/wiki/Julie_Payette" title="Julie Payette">Julie Payette</a> and Abdul Jailani, ambassador-designate of Indonesia during a presentation of credentials ceremony at Rideau Hall, 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>The grounds were again closed through much of 2020 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. During that period, on 2 July, a former Canadian soldier and businessman from <a href="/wiki/Bowsman,_Manitoba" class="mw-redirect" title="Bowsman, Manitoba">Bowsman, Manitoba</a>, drove his truck through Thomas Gate, a pedestrian entrance in the fence surrounding the park. He continued in his vehicle approximately 120 metres along the path beyond before proceeding further on foot, hiding in the rose garden for a few minutes and then moving on towards the greenhouses behind Rideau Hall itself. Groundskeepers noticed the intruder and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police were eventually called. The man, who the police noted was armed, was arrested without incident. Neither the Governor General nor the Prime Minister, who is using Rideau Cottage as a temporary residence while 24 Sussex Drive is under renovation, were on the Rideau Hall property at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a preliminary investigation by the RCMP, the man intended to have the Prime Minister "arrested" for recent policy decisions.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Prime_Minister,_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada,_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston,_at_Ottawa,_Canada_on_April_15,_2015_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg/220px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg/330px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg/440px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi_meeting_the_Governor_General_of_Canada%2C_the_Right_Honourable_David_Johnston%2C_at_Ottawa%2C_Canada_on_April_15%2C_2015_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1196" /></a><figcaption>Governor General <a href="/wiki/David_Johnston_(governor_general)" title="David Johnston (governor general)">David Johnston</a> holds an audience with <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a> <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> in Rideau Hall's large drawing room, 15 April 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>Rideau Hall's main purpose is to house the governor general of Canada and his or her offices,<sup id="cite_ref-NCCvis_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCCvis-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Heraldic_Authority" title="Canadian Heraldic Authority">Canadian Heraldic Authority</a>. It is also the residence of Canada's monarch when he is in Ottawa.<sup id="cite_ref-MacLeod34_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacLeod34-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AV_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AV-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lanctot_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lanctot-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has a royal and viceregal household to support the sovereign and governor general, comprising a <a href="/wiki/Ma%C3%AEtre_d%E2%80%99h%C3%B4tel" class="mw-redirect" title="Maître d’hôtel">maître d’hôtel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chef" title="Chef">chefs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Footmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Footmen">footmen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valets" class="mw-redirect" title="Valets">valets</a>, dressers, <a href="/wiki/Page_(servant)" title="Page (servant)">pages</a>, aides-de-camp (drawn from the junior officers of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Armed_Forces" title="Canadian Armed Forces">Canadian Armed Forces</a>), <a href="/wiki/Equerries" class="mw-redirect" title="Equerries">equerries</a>, and others.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCit_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCit-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The majority of Rideau Hall's area is dedicated to affairs of state; only 500 m<sup>2</sup> (5,400 sq ft) of the total 9,500 m<sup>2</sup> (102,000 sq ft) given to private living quarters.<sup id="cite_ref-LeBlanc_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeBlanc-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some 200 events are held at Rideau Hall every year,<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most being <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Canada" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Canada">Canadian award</a> presentations and investitures. In this way, the palace is where <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">prime ministers</a> and other members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">federal Cabinet</a> are sworn-in and federal <a href="/wiki/Writ_of_election" title="Writ of election">writs of election</a> are dropped, among other constitutional functions of the governor general. <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Heads of state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">government</a>, both incoming and outgoing <a href="/wiki/Ambassador" title="Ambassador">ambassadors</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_commissioner" title="High commissioner">high commissioners</a> to Canada, and Canadian <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Crown" title="Minister of the Crown">Crown ministers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Loyal_opposition" title="Loyal opposition">loyal opposition</a> leaders are received at Rideau Hall for <a href="/wiki/Audience_(meeting)" title="Audience (meeting)">audiences</a> with either the viceroy or the sovereign,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> should the latter be in residence. </p><p>Although there is a state dining room in Rideau Hall, state dinners and luncheons are usually held in the larger ballroom or tent room. In setting up for a formal meal, a measuring stick is used to set the <a href="/wiki/Tableware" title="Tableware">tableware</a> and locate the charis relative to the tables uniformly.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCit_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCit-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ingredients and wines are "100 per cent Canadian [...] reflecting Canada's many cultures."<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCit_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCit-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The residence is also open to the public, running a visitors' program and free tours of the state rooms throughout the year,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as educational tours for students;<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is the only one of the six official residences in the <a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(Canada)" title="National Capital Region (Canada)">National Capital Region</a> that is publicly accessible.<sup id="cite_ref-NCCvis_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCCvis-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A visitors' centre is on the grounds, adjacent to the main gate.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rideau Hall takes part annually in <a href="/wiki/Doors_Open_Ottawa" title="Doors Open Ottawa">Doors Open Ottawa</a> and children may trick-or-treat at the house each <a href="/wiki/Hallowe%27en" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallowe'en">Hallowe'en</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RHplan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/RHplan.jpg/260px-RHplan.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/RHplan.jpg/390px-RHplan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/RHplan.jpg/520px-RHplan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="872" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Floor plan of the main level of Rideau Hall, showing the various accretions onto the original McKay villa</figcaption></figure> <p>The original 1838 structure was relatively small; only two storeys tall with a full-height, central, curved bay, and an accordingly curved <a href="/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment">pediment</a> on top, the villa was designed by Thomas McKay (who had also designed and built <a href="/wiki/Earnscliffe" title="Earnscliffe">Earnscliffe</a><sup id="cite_ref-LAC_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAC-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) in a <a href="/wiki/Regency_architecture" title="Regency architecture">Regency style</a>, inspired by the work of architect Sir <a href="/wiki/John_Soane" title="John Soane">John Soane</a>, who had himself designed a never-realised government house for the then capital of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Canada" title="Upper Canada">Upper Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/York,_Upper_Canada" title="York, Upper Canada">York</a>, in 1818.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike the present arrangement, the rooms of the McKay villa for entertaining, sleeping, and service were dispersed throughout the two floors of the structure, with the main parlour on the second level, in an oval room behind the curved, south bay, which National Capital Commission Chief Architect David Scarlett said in 2014 was made in such a shape so as to display the advanced abilities of McKay's stonemasons.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main entrance to the house was on the west side and opened into a hall with stairs to the upper floor directly ahead. Along the south front were a library, a dining room, and a boudoir, all with <a href="/wiki/Door#Design_and_styles" title="Door">French doors</a> opening onto a narrow <a href="/wiki/Balcony" title="Balcony">balcony</a>; the dining room was served by three of these doors, one of which now opens into the tent room's antechamber, one into the long gallery, and one that still opens to the outside. The French door originally opening from the boudoir is today the window of the Pauline Vanier room. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_(44804311661).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg/248px-DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg/372px-DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg/496px-DSC01977_-_Back_Garden_%2844804311661%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Monck wing in 2018; the verandah was removed between 1911 and 1939</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:142px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png/248px-Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png" decoding="async" width="248" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png/372px-Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png/496px-Abbot%27s_Guide_to_Ottawa_Page37.png 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="392" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">A 1911 image showing the Monck wing (left), the Grey addition (centre right), with the <a href="/wiki/Bow_window" title="Bow window">bowed</a> front for the governor general's study, and the Minto wing (far right)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Initially rented from the McKay family as a temporary accommodation for the Canadian viceroy, the house has since been expanded numerous times. The Viscount Monck oversaw the first addition to the villa in 1865: a long wing extending to the east and built in a style that, while attempting to be harmonious with the original, was intended to resemble the governor general's residence in Quebec, <a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Quebec)" title="Government House (Quebec)">Spencer Wood</a>, which Monck greatly preferred over Rideau Hall. The extension was thus done in an overall <a href="/wiki/Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman style</a> of design that was typical in Quebec at the time, and had a similar long, covered <a href="/wiki/Verandah" class="mw-redirect" title="Verandah">verandah</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-GGRH_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGRH-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a cross hall, and a new staircase capped by an ornate <a href="/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> <a href="/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola">lantern</a>. The exterior walls were clad in ashlar limestone masonry and the roof in cedar shingles until replaced by copper in 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC2_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1872, during the tenure of the Earl of Dufferin, the indoor <a href="/wiki/Tennis" title="Tennis">Tennis</a> Court and the ballroom were added to the western end of the house, arranged to the south and north, respectively, of the main entrance. The ballroom is a structure of heavy <a href="/wiki/Timber_framing" title="Timber framing">timber framing</a> with brick infill and finished stone exterior.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC2_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, when <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound,_4th_Earl_of_Minto" title="Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto">the Earl of Minto</a> arrived in 1898 with his large family and household, the Minto wing was constructed on the east end of Rideau Hall and was completed in the following year, though this was again intended to only be a temporary measure until a proper government house could be built.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minto's successor, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Grey,_4th_Earl_Grey" title="Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey">the Earl Grey</a>, added the governor general's study to the far east end of the Monck wing, thus symmetrically balancing out the curved bay and pediment of the original McKay villa to the west. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:75px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg/248px-3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg/372px-3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c4/3621_Mapping_pre_1913.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:101px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3622_Mapping_pre_1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/3622_Mapping_pre_1915.jpg/248px-3622_Mapping_pre_1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/3622_Mapping_pre_1915.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="122" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Images of the west facade of Rideau Hall before (above) and after (below) the addition of the Mappin block in 1914.</div></div></div></div> <p>One of the greatest alterations to the form of Rideau Hall came in 1913, with the construction of the Mappin block as a link between the ballroom and what was then the tennis court (today the tent room), as well as to disguise the misalignment between those two structures.<sup id="cite_ref-travel_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-travel-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, Chief Dominion Architect <a href="/wiki/David_Ewart" title="David Ewart">David Ewart</a> designed the Mappin block in an "adapted <a href="/wiki/Florence" title="Florence">Florentine architectural style</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> using <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> <a href="/wiki/Ashlar" title="Ashlar">ashlar</a>, and extended that over the flanking wings by re-facing them and harmonizing their window and <a href="/wiki/Cornice" title="Cornice">cornice</a> heights. </p><p>The Mappin block itself is three storeys in height, and its front is divided by <a href="/wiki/Pilaster" title="Pilaster">pilasters</a> into five <a href="/wiki/Bay_(architecture)" title="Bay (architecture)">bays</a>, with the central one slightly wider than the equal other four. The windows on the main floor are each surrounded by smaller pilasters beneath a triangular pediment formed by <a href="/wiki/Keel_molding" class="mw-redirect" title="Keel molding">keel moulding</a> <a href="/wiki/Geison" title="Geison">geisons</a>, while the second level windows are each simply framed by <a href="/wiki/Astragal" title="Astragal">astragal</a> moulding broken at the top by a <a href="/wiki/Keystone_(architecture)" title="Keystone (architecture)">keystone</a>. A heavy <a href="/wiki/Entablature" title="Entablature">entablature</a> separates the second and third levels, atop which sits less pronounced pilasters and simply framed windows, with the entire facade capped by a narrow cornice and a pediment with a <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a> that bears a <a href="/wiki/Bas_relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas relief">bas relief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom">Royal Arms of the United Kingdom</a> (believed to be the largest rendition in the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a><sup id="cite_ref-NCC_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCC-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_(30933109088).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg/248px-DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg/372px-DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg/496px-DSC01912_-_Rideau_Hal_%2830933109088%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:183px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Rideau_Hall_35.jpg/122px-Rideau_Hall_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Rideau_Hall_35.jpg/183px-Rideau_Hall_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Rideau_Hall_35.jpg/244px-Rideau_Hall_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3338" data-file-height="5008" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:183px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_33.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rideau_Hall_33.jpg/122px-Rideau_Hall_33.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rideau_Hall_33.jpg/183px-Rideau_Hall_33.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Rideau_Hall_33.jpg/244px-Rideau_Hall_33.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="5184" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Clockwise from top) the porte-cochère of the Queen's Entrance, seen behind; the escutcheon of the Arms of Canada in 1868 as carved into a stone atop the porte-cochère; the chandelier light fixture and herringbone brickwork in the porte-cochère's vault</div></div></div></div> <p>Rideau Hall's main entrance is part of the Mappin block. To honour Queen Elizabeth II, the doorway was, on 1 July 2017 (the <a href="/wiki/150th_anniversary_of_Canada" title="150th anniversary of Canada">sesquicentennial of Confederation</a>, in the 65th year of Elizabeth's reign), named the <i>Queen's Entrance</i><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by Governor General <a href="/wiki/David_Johnston_(governor_general)" title="David Johnston (governor general)">David Johnston</a> in a ceremony attended by <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Prince Charles</a> and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Queen_Camilla" title="Queen Camilla">Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> <a href="/wiki/Grille_(architecture)" title="Grille (architecture)">grilles</a> on the doors are formed into a geometric pattern meant to represent infrastructure associated with settlement, including the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a>, while circular etching on the glass panels evokes indigenous cultures and the vertical lines echo paintings by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Thomson" title="Tom Thomson">Tom Thomson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnston_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnston-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The exterior handles are each fashioned from paired bronze dowels with elements, attached at top and bottom, formed from the same metal to appear as twigs. Inside, the push-plates, also of bronze, each have one of the <a href="/wiki/Supporter" title="Supporter">supporters</a> from the Royal Coat of <a href="/wiki/Arms_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Arms of Canada">Arms of Canada</a> carved into them. Affixed to the exterior wall next to the entrance is a plaque made of forged and carved bronze shaped to appear as seven short, vertical planks of driftwood joined by a horizontal scroll in polished brass, bearing the words <i>The Queen's Entrance / Entrée de la reine</i>, under the crowned royal cypher of Elizabeth II. These pieces, along with the grilles, were made by artist and blacksmith Cairn Cunnane.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For formal arrivals at the main door, this addition also included a <a href="/wiki/Porte-coch%C3%A8re" title="Porte-cochère">porte-cochère</a> with three arched openings between columns resting on the foundations of posts that supported the McKay villa's porte-cochère.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC2_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The centre opening is topped with a carved stone rendition of the shield of the <a href="/wiki/Arms_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Arms of Canada">Royal Arms of Canada</a> as it appeared between 1868 and 1870. All the arches can be fitted during the winter with <a href="/wiki/Fanlight" title="Fanlight">fanlights</a> and glass doors to provide an enclosed space in which to exit cars. </p><p>On the third floor of the Mappin block is the apartment for aides-de-camp. It is from the kitchen within that apartment that the flagpole can be reached via a ladder and an attic space.<sup id="cite_ref-OttawaCit_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OttawaCit-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further projects that were completed by 1914 were the enargement in 1912 of the state dining room and addition of the long gallery to the east of the tent room. Off the long gallery is the verandah, added in 1927. It is a simple, stucco-clad structure containing one room with large windows and <a href="/wiki/French_door" class="mw-redirect" title="French door">French doors</a> overlooking the upper terrace lawn in the corner between the Dufferin and Monck wings. Between the windows are half-round and flat classical pilasters. A set of stairs leads from the French doors to the upper terrace.<sup id="cite_ref-CTVRH_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CTVRH-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_30.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Rideau_Hall_30.jpg/220px-Rideau_Hall_30.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Rideau_Hall_30.jpg/330px-Rideau_Hall_30.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Rideau_Hall_30.jpg/440px-Rideau_Hall_30.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom">royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/Pedimental_sculpture" title="Pedimental sculpture">carved into</a> the <a href="/wiki/Tympanum_(architecture)" title="Tympanum (architecture)">tympanum</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pediment" title="Pediment">pediment</a> atop the Mappin block in 1914, seven years before the creation of the Royal Coat of <a href="/wiki/Arms_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Arms of Canada">Arms of Canada</a>. Evidence of the 2006-2007 restoration can be seen in the mismatched colouration of the stones in the <a href="/wiki/Hood_mould" title="Hood mould">hood mould</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>An <a href="/wiki/Accessibility" title="Accessibility">accessible</a> entrance—opened by <a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a>, and named after her—was added in 1982<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Minto wing was eventually converted from residences to offices.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then, at the prompting of Governor General <a href="/wiki/Micha%C3%ABlle_Jean" title="Michaëlle Jean">Michaëlle Jean</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the main facade of Rideau Hall underwent a major renovation through 2006<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2007, overseen by the National Capital Commission, which has been responsible for the maintenance and upkeep of the building and its grounds since 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Masonry was treated and restored, the original <a href="/wiki/Sash_window" title="Sash window">sash windows</a> rehabilitated and stripped of their lead paint, and the copper roof of the Mappin wing was repaired. This was the first time any considerable work had been done on the front façade since the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-NCC_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCC-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A project began in 2012 to replace the building's <a href="/wiki/HVAC_control_system" title="HVAC control system">climate control system</a>—consisting of three large external <a href="/wiki/Chiller" title="Chiller">chillers</a> and multiple window-mounted <a href="/wiki/Air_conditioners" class="mw-redirect" title="Air conditioners">air conditioners</a>—with a <a href="/wiki/Geothermal_heating" title="Geothermal heating">geothermal heating</a> and cooling system, expected to supply approximately half of the building's heating requirements during winter, until the geothermal system is expanded in future.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hall was designated as a classified heritage property by the Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office in 1986, giving it the highest heritage significance in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NCC_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NCC-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decor_and_furnishings">Decor and furnishings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Decor and furnishings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rideau Hall has long been a collection point for Canadian art and cabinetry. As early as the first viceregal inhabitants, the hall has held pieces by prominent Canadian cabinet makers, such as Jaques & Hay of <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, James Thompson of Montreal, and William Drum of Quebec.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally, the interior decoration was heavily <a href="/wiki/Victorian_decorative_arts" title="Victorian decorative arts">Victorian</a>, with many <a href="/wiki/Rococo" title="Rococo">Rococo</a> influences. Renovations, however, have turned the interiors into predominantly <a href="/wiki/Georgian_architecture" title="Georgian architecture">Georgian</a> spaces, with <a href="/wiki/Adam_style" title="Adam style">Adam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palladian_architecture" title="Palladian architecture">Palladian</a> elements.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard14_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard14-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until the 1960s, the contents and colours of the house changed with each successive royal and viceregal family; the consort typically seeing it as her duty to update Rideau Hall to suit both her personal and contemporary tastes. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_(44084478794).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg/220px-DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg/330px-DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg/440px-DSC01966_-_Long_Gallery_%2844084478794%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>The long gallery features <a href="/wiki/Chinoiserie" title="Chinoiserie">Chinoiserie</a> decorations collected by the <a href="/wiki/Marie_Freeman-Thomas,_Marchioness_of_Willingdon" title="Marie Freeman-Thomas, Marchioness of Willingdon">Marchioness of Willingdon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Today the rooms are furnished both with elements from the history of the residence as well as art and other objects that showcase contemporary Canadian culture. The long gallery's <a href="/wiki/Chinoiserie" title="Chinoiserie">Chinoiserie</a> decoration was restored in 1993 at the direction of Gerda Hnatyshyn, wife of Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn, putting back much of the furniture and artifacts that had been collected by <a href="/wiki/Marie_Freeman-Thomas,_Marchioness_of_Willingdon" title="Marie Freeman-Thomas, Marchioness of Willingdon">the Machioness of Willingdon</a> throughout her tour of <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> in 1926. The space, used to greet and host functions for ambassadors and high commissioners to Canada, now contains five carpets donated by the <a href="/wiki/The_Hongkong_and_Shanghai_Banking_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation">Hongkong and Shanghai Bank</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Steinway_%26_Sons" title="Steinway & Sons">Steinway & Sons</a> <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">baby grand piano</a> that belonged to <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CanHouse_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanHouse-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other consorts left their mark on Rideau Hall, such as Princess Louise's painted apple branches on a 6-panel Georgian door (into the room adjacent to the Pauline Vanier room) in the first-floor corridor and Nora Michener's donated collection of <a href="/wiki/Inuit" title="Inuit">Inuit</a> sculpture.<sup id="cite_ref-Mon_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Governor General <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Clarkson" title="Adrienne Clarkson">Adrienne Clarkson</a> and her husband, <a href="/wiki/John_Ralston_Saul" title="John Ralston Saul">John Ralston Saul</a>, not only oversaw the extensive repainting of the state rooms from a consistent white to more historically accurate and polychrome palette,<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but also worked with <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> potter <a href="/wiki/Bill_Reddick_(artist)" title="Bill Reddick (artist)">Bill Reddick</a> to develop Rideau Hall's first Canadian porcelain state dinner service.<sup id="cite_ref-CFund_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFund-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since Vincent Massey's time as governor general, the viceroy has worked closely with the <a href="/wiki/Public_Works_and_Government_Services_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Works and Government Services Canada">Department of Public Works and Government Services</a> in repairing and refurbishing Rideau Hall; the department now provides a more systematic approach to the maintenance of the palace, with a full-time building manager in charge of the project. The National Capital Commission is charged with the decoration of the rooms; since 2004 the commission has undertaken a project to restore many of the salons and other <a href="/wiki/State_room" title="State room">state rooms</a> to the period in which they were first built.<sup id="cite_ref-CanHouse_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CanHouse-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="McKay_villa_and_Mappin_block">McKay villa and Mappin block</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: McKay villa and Mappin block"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_(43894160985).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg/248px-DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg/372px-DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg/496px-DSC02011_-_Reception_Room_%2843894160985%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:165px;max-width:165px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._(30933177408).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg/163px-DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="163" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg/245px-DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg/326px-DSC01987_-_Which_way_to_go...._%2830933177408%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:83px;max-width:83px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg/81px-Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg/122px-Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg/162px-Rideau_Hall_-_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:186px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg/248px-Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg/372px-Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg/496px-Rideau_Hall_-_12.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Clockwise from top) the reception room of Rideau Hall, showing original windows of the McKay villa (right), now <a href="/wiki/Blind_arch" title="Blind arch">blind</a>; the three original McKay villa <a href="/wiki/French_door" class="mw-redirect" title="French door">French doors</a> in the reception room; the <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_architecture" title="Edwardian architecture">Edwardian-style</a> entrance hall inside the Mappin wing; the door across from the top of the stair enters into the reception room</div></div></div></div> <p>The sole remaining part of the original McKay villa is the reception room on the ground floor and the royal suite directly above. The former was created in 1913 by removing the interior partitions of the villa; the baseboards, mouldings, and trims date from that era.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC2_68-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC2-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is where small ceremonies and presentations take place, while the latter is an oval room that was previously the drawing room of the original McKay villa and was subsequently used as a ballroom, a studio, and a study before becoming the monarch's bedroom.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard14_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard14-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some signs of the McKay house are still visible, notably in the now blanked window on the north wall of the reception room and the ornate plaster ceiling in the royal suite. </p><p>Directly west of these rooms is the <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_architecture" title="Edwardian architecture">Edwardian</a> Mappin wing, which contains the entrance hall. Its walls are partly panelled, partly clad in marble; the lower floor covered in mosaic tile and the upper with wood. The two levels are connected by a wide, white marble, central stair; to each side, at the upper landing, are marble guards with ornate, <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a> <a href="/wiki/Balustrades" class="mw-redirect" title="Balustrades">balustrades</a>. Across from the top of the stair is a door to the reception room. </p><p>In 2012, bronze and <a href="/wiki/Art_glass" title="Art glass">art glass</a> handrails, funded by a private donation from <a href="/wiki/Rouge_Herald_Extraordinary" class="mw-redirect" title="Rouge Herald Extraordinary">Rouge Herald Extraordinary</a> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Lindsay" title="Roger Lindsay">Roger Lindsay</a><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and commissioned by the National Capital Commission,<sup id="cite_ref-coppercanada_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coppercanada-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were added to each side of the stair to both improve accessibility<sup id="cite_ref-coppercanada_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coppercanada-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and commemorate the <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Jubilee_of_Queen_Elizabeth_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II">Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, bronze plaques bearing the Queen's <a href="/wiki/Royal_cypher" title="Royal cypher">royal cypher</a>, the dates 1952 and 2012, and the words <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">vivat regina</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> for 'Long live the queen') were affixed to the bases of the marble stringers on either side of the staircase. The proportions and configuration of the handrails were inspired by the Edwardian architecture of the entrance hall and the decorations were intended to "evoke the nation's history, without resorting to conventional iconography."<sup id="cite_ref-coppercanada_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coppercanada-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To express the work of the human hand as well as that of machines, the handrail comprises both <a href="/wiki/Forging" title="Forging">forged</a> or <a href="/wiki/Metalworking_hand_tool" title="Metalworking hand tool">hand-tooled</a>, fluidly shaped components—the branch-shaped bars, <a href="/wiki/Volute" title="Volute">volute</a> brackets, the icy, flowing patterns etched on the narrow art glass panels—with rectilinear, stock, <a href="/wiki/Machining#Stages_in_metal_cutting" title="Machining">machined</a>-bronze pieces. This meeting of nature and human creation "stands for the tie between Canada's evolution as a country and the landscape that nurtured it."<sup id="cite_ref-coppercanada_86-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coppercanada-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shield of <a href="/wiki/Roger_Lindsay#Coat_of_arms" title="Roger Lindsay">Roger Lindsay's coat of arms</a> is affixed discreetly to the lower <a href="/wiki/Newel" title="Newel">newel</a> post, on the north side of the stair. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:126px;max-width:126px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:180px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_(29867749537).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg/124px-DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg/186px-DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg/248px-DSC01923_-_Royal_Window_%2829867749537%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4207" data-file-height="6136" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Royal Window in the entrance hall</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:180px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_(30933125298).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg/120px-DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg/180px-DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg/240px-DSC01924_-_Governor_General_Window_%2830933125298%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The Viceregal Window in the entrance hall</div></div></div></div></div> <p>On the opposite wall, to the left of the entrance, is the Royal Window—a stained glass piece commemorating the <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Jubilee_of_Elizabeth_II" title="Ruby Jubilee of Elizabeth II">40th anniversary of the accession of Elizabeth II</a> to the throne, displaying, between the <a href="/wiki/Royal_standards_of_Canada" title="Royal standards of Canada">Queen's Canadian royal standard</a> above and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Canada" title="Great Seal of Canada">Great Seal of Canada</a> below, the monarch's coat of arms for Canada surrounded by the shields of each of the provincial coats of arms. Additionally, in the top two corners are images of Elizabeth's royal cypher, balancing out representations of the Sovereign's badges for both the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Military_Merit_(Canada)" title="Order of Military Merit (Canada)">Order of Military Merit</a> in the bottom two corners. Another stained glass window is found to the right of the entrance, marking the first appointment of a Canadian-born governor general; the viceregal position is symbolized by a crowned lion holding a maple leaf and surrounded by the shields of the arms of the first seven persons to hold the post.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Dufferin_wings">The Dufferin wings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Dufferin wings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Book-ending the Mappin wing are the tent room—used for slightly less formal gatherings—and the ballroom—the centre of state life at Rideau Hall. It is in the latter space that honours and awards ceremonies take place and members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">Cabinet</a> are sworn in; as such, it is the second most photographed and televised room in Canada, preceded only by the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ballroom is also where ambassadors present their diplomatic credentials and large-scale <a href="/wiki/State_banquet" title="State banquet">state dinners</a> are held; some 60,000 meals are served in the ballroom every year to up to 130 guests per function.<sup id="cite_ref-rug_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rug-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The room can accommodate 350 people for functions not requiring tables.<sup id="cite_ref-rug_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rug-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the tent room and ballroom were added during the tenure of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood,_1st_Marquess_of_Dufferin_and_Ava" title="Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava">the Earl of Dufferin</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC02027_-_Ballroom_(29867834847).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg/248px-DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg/372px-DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg/496px-DSC02027_-_Ballroom_%2829867834847%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The ballroom, with the Sovereign's Wall the far end</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_62.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Rideau_Hall_62.jpg/248px-Rideau_Hall_62.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Rideau_Hall_62.jpg/372px-Rideau_Hall_62.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Rideau_Hall_62.jpg/496px-Rideau_Hall_62.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The ballroom's ornamental moulding</div></div></div></div></div> <p>A double-height space, the ballroom is lined with tall, arched windows placed between rectangular pilasters that are topped with gilt, <a href="/wiki/Acanthus_(ornament)" title="Acanthus (ornament)">acanthused</a> capitals. <a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)#Types" title="Molding (decorative)">Cable moulding</a> trim surrounds most of the openings and, around the perimeter of the room, at the intersection of walls and ceiling, is a deep and ornate plaster <a href="/wiki/Crown_moulding" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown moulding">crown moulding</a> formed by a godroon textured <a href="/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a> and a heavy <a href="/wiki/Dentil" title="Dentil">dentiled</a> <a href="/wiki/Bed-mould" class="mw-redirect" title="Bed-mould">bed-mould</a> between layers of talon and gorge mouldings. Above this is the Victorian, lacunar, clear span <a href="/wiki/Vault_(architecture)" title="Vault (architecture)">vaulted</a> ceiling, from the centre of which hangs a one-<a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">ton</a> <a href="/wiki/Chandelier" title="Chandelier">chandelier</a>, containing 12,000 pieces of <a href="/wiki/Waterford_Crystal" title="Waterford Crystal">Waterford Crystal</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Johansen_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johansen-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that was presented by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">British government</a> on <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Day" title="Victoria Day">Victoria Day</a> in 1951 as a token of gratitude for Canada's role in World War II. The north wall, known as the Sovereign's Wall,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is solid and used to display portraits of monarchs or other large paintings. Also, in an alcove off the antechamber to the ballroom is a stained glass window that celebrates the excellence of Canadian performing artists and the establishment of the Governor General's Performing Arts Awards.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The present décor in the ballroom—<a href="/wiki/Powder_blue" title="Powder blue">powder blue</a> walls with beige <a href="/wiki/Marbleizing" title="Marbleizing">marbleized</a> pilasters, <a href="/wiki/Cream_(colour)" title="Cream (colour)">cream</a> trim, and shades of <a href="/wiki/Peach_(color)" title="Peach (color)">peach</a>, cream, and <a href="/wiki/Old_gold" title="Old gold">old gold</a> on the ceiling, all with gilt highlights—was implemented by Adrienne Clarkson when she was the Queen's representative between 1999 and 2005. By stripping away a more monochrome palette that had been applied to the room in the 1970s, this restored the ballroom to a scheme closer to the original that was in place when the room was first completed in 1872.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The carpet, which was the last element of the ballroom's seven-year restoration project, is in "mixed tones of gold, cream, and blue-green," with a lattice pattern over the body of the rug and a twisting acanthus leaf pattern (matching the pilaster capitals) around the border.<sup id="cite_ref-rug_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rug-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was <a href="/wiki/Weaving#Hand_loom_weavers" title="Weaving">hand-woven</a>, using the low cut and loop technique, by Miritech Carpets in <a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a>-<a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo, Ontario</a>, which is the only Canadian-owned mill in the country. Miritech also produced the rug in the state dining room.<sup id="cite_ref-rug_89-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rug-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The previously used rug, in place for 16 years, was cut up and reused in secondary rooms and other residences.<sup id="cite_ref-rug_89-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rug-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The new rug covers a floor made of <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a> set in a <a href="/wiki/Herringbone_pattern" title="Herringbone pattern">herringbone pattern</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_37.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rideau_Hall_37.jpg/220px-Rideau_Hall_37.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rideau_Hall_37.jpg/330px-Rideau_Hall_37.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Rideau_Hall_37.jpg/440px-Rideau_Hall_37.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5164" data-file-height="3442" /></a><figcaption>The tent room's appearance is drawn from the early use of striped fabric draped on walls</figcaption></figure> <p>The appearance of the tent room is inspired by the earlier use of striped fabric, draped on the walls and hung in swaths from the ceiling, in order to temporarily transform what was normally the tennis court into a hall for banquets and parties.<sup id="cite_ref-Hubbard_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hubbard-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The room today has a wall covering of vertically striped, red and gold fabric with a padded backing, which rises to meet the same fabric, hung in a swag fashion outwards from a single <a href="/wiki/Coffer" title="Coffer">coffer</a> in the centre of the ceiling and trimmed around the perimeter of the room with a <a href="/wiki/Scallop#In_design" title="Scallop">scallop edged</a> valence of simple <a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">passementerie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tassel" title="Tassel">tassels</a>. This gives the space an overall resemblance to the interior of a large <a href="/wiki/Tent" title="Tent">tent</a>. The west wall of the room is broken by series of windows, each paired with a double door into the long gallery on the opposite wall, and, between them, a continuous <a href="/wiki/Frame_and_panel" title="Frame and panel">frame and panel</a> <a href="/wiki/Wainscoting" class="mw-redirect" title="Wainscoting">wainscoting</a>. All this woodwork, including the door frames and other trim, is painted in a gloss white to contrast with the textured and patterned wall fabric. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monck_wing">Monck wing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Monck wing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_(44754586042).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg/220px-DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg/330px-DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg/440px-DSC01989_-_Pauline_Vanier_Room_%2844754586042%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6136" data-file-height="4207" /></a><figcaption>The Pauline Vanier room contains furniture and other cabinetry works crafted by Canadians</figcaption></figure> <p>Within the Monck wing, built between 1865 and 1866, are other living quarters and drawing and dining rooms generally for non-state affairs, such as the Pauline Vanier room, a small sitting room where informal meetings are held with visiting heads of state and other officials. The room was originally created in the 1960s by <a href="/wiki/Pauline_Vanier" title="Pauline Vanier">Pauline Vanier</a> out of an old <a href="/wiki/Aide-de-camp" title="Aide-de-camp">aide-de-camp</a> <a href="/wiki/Smoking_room" title="Smoking room">smoking room</a>, giving the space <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> panelling and filling it with antique furnishings from Quebec.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it was later again refurbished to remove the <a href="/wiki/Tongue_and_groove" title="Tongue and groove">tongue and groove</a> planks Vanier had installed and which were said to be reminiscent of suburban basement panelling popular in the 1970s. The Pauline Vanier room today contains furniture and other cabinetry works by Canadian artisans,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as works by Canadian artists such as <a href="/wiki/Kenojuak_Ashevak" title="Kenojuak Ashevak">Kenojuak Ashevak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emily_Carr" title="Emily Carr">Emily Carr</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Norval_Morrisseau" title="Norval Morrisseau">Norval Morrisseau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CTVRH_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CTVRH-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For more formal gatherings both before and after state events, as well as for entertaining visiting heads of state and their party, the large drawing room, on the south side of the Monck wing, is used. Previously called the red salon, the space underwent thorough renovations in 1901, updating it to the <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_architecture" title="Edwardian architecture">Edwardian style</a> that was popular at the time, giving it <a href="/wiki/Panelling#Boiserie" title="Panelling">boiserie</a> panelling formed from plaster mouldings, a layered crown moulding, as well as windows and doors with <a href="/wiki/Chambranle" title="Chambranle">chambranled</a> montants, the latter openings also equipped with moulded, classical <a href="/wiki/Overdoor" title="Overdoor">overdoors</a>. On the walls of the drawing room are hung portraits depicting the viceregal consorts of previous governors general.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Directly across the hall from the large drawing room is the state dining room, which is reserved for state dinners for visiting heads of state with smaller parties, with the table seating a maximum of 42 guests. in 1909, the dining room, too, was renovated to a similar Edwardian look, but its present day layout did not emerge until the late 1940s, after various subsequent renovations.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sterling silver sets on display in this room are on loan from <a href="/wiki/Buckingham_Palace" title="Buckingham Palace">Buckingham Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mon_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg/248px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg/372px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg/496px-Vladimir_Putin_in_Canada_18-19_December_2000-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Governor General <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Clarkson" title="Adrienne Clarkson">Adrienne Clarkson</a> (right) with <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">Russian president</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (left) in the governor general's study, 2000</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:311px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg/248px-Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg/372px-Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Albert-grey-vierter-earl-grey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Governor General <a href="/wiki/Albert_Grey,_4th_Earl_Grey" title="Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey">the Earl Grey</a> in the governor general's study, 1909</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The governor general's study sits at the far east end of the Monck wing's ground floor, next to another study allocated for the viceroy's consort. The former is panelled in carved wood that was installed when the room was constructed in 1906, with the names of each governor general applied in succession around the room,<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> below the <a href="/wiki/Dado_rail" title="Dado rail">dado rail</a> and a rendition of the sovereign's arms for the United Kingdom as a focal piece above the fireplace (reflecting the era in which the room was fitted). When the prime minister arrives for an audience with the governor in the latter's study, he or she uses the dedicated prime minister's entrance, which is on the north side of the Monck addition, and opens into the easternmost of the wing's two staircases, from which it is only a short walk to the viceroy's office. Across from the study, the library contains a complete collection of <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Literary_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor General's Literary Award">Governor General's Literary Award</a> winning works.<sup id="cite_ref-GGaward_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGaward-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This room began as a bedroom for Lady Monck, later becoming the governor general's office, a boudoir, the military secretary's office, a smoking room, a flower room, and a card room, before being assigned its current role in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further, the Monck wing houses another, smaller drawing room and a billiard room. The viceregal suite, consisting of a study/living room, a large bedroom, and a kitchenette,<sup id="cite_ref-Fraser_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraser-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is at the far west end of the upper floor. Also on the second level is the royal suite (the bedroom being the former parlour of the McKay villa) and the other guest bedrooms, each being named for a former British governor. The descendants of these men were approached in the 1990s with a request for donations of historical memorabilia, to which, amongst others, the Devonshires—relations of <a href="/wiki/Victor_Cavendish,_9th_Duke_of_Devonshire" title="Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire">the ninth Duke of Devonshire</a>—responded with a Regency mirror that had been used at <a href="/wiki/Chatsworth_House" title="Chatsworth House">Chatsworth House</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mon_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On that floor is also a <a href="/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapel</a>, installed during the Michener period, and which was made <a href="/wiki/Ecumenism" title="Ecumenism">ecumenical</a> and opened on 2 July 1967, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, for both <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> services.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:186px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg/248px-Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg/372px-Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg/496px-Rideau_Hall_-_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_(30933191368).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg/248px-DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg/372px-DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg/496px-DSC02003_-_Native_Canadian_Carving_%2830933191368%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Clockwise from top) works of art in the <a href="/wiki/Vestibule_(architecture)" title="Vestibule (architecture)">antechamber</a> to the ballroom; a <a href="/wiki/Haida_people#Art" title="Haida people">Haida carving</a> in the Pauline Vanier room; the portrait of Governor General <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Sauv%C3%A9" title="Jeanne Sauvé">Jeanne Sauvé</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cleeve_Horne" title="Cleeve Horne">Cleeve Horne</a></div></div></div></div> <p>Originally, most of the art in Rideau Hall was the personal property of the incumbent governor general and, as with much of the furnishings, was removed upon the end of the viceroy's commission. Starting in the 20th century, however, more and more pieces, including <a href="/wiki/Work_of_art" title="Work of art">objets d'art</a>, paintings, sculptures, books, furnishings, and rugs, were added to the dedicated <a href="/wiki/Crown_Collection" title="Crown Collection">Crown Collection</a> for Government House,<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> either through gifts or purchases;<sup id="cite_ref-RHart_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHart-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for instance, in 1946, Sir <a href="/wiki/James_Hamet_Dunn" title="James Hamet Dunn">James Dunn</a> presented the Crown with two paintings by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Zoffany" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Zoffany">Johann Zoffany</a>. Today the collection of furnishing, art, and artifacts at Rideau Hall is composed of private gifts from the Canada Fund (a foundation created by the government of Canada) and the Friends of Rideau Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pieces, though predominantly Canadian in origin—including works by <a href="/wiki/Lawren_Harris" title="Lawren Harris">Lawren Harris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emily_Carr" title="Emily Carr">Emily Carr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Paul_Lemieux" title="Jean Paul Lemieux">Jean Paul Lemieux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Reid" title="Bill Reid">Bill Reid</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Kurelek" title="William Kurelek">William Kurelek</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-travel_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-travel-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Riopelle" title="Jean-Paul Riopelle">Jean-Paul Riopelle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Allen_Sapp" title="Allen Sapp">Allen Sapp</a><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—also represent the Far East, Europe, and other regions<sup id="cite_ref-RHart_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHart-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and can be arranged thematically, such as the Asian-influenced pieces in the long gallery and the portraits of Canadian governors general in the reception room. The Crown Collection works on display are also usually augmented with approximately 100 art pieces and antiques on loan from various museums, galleries, and private collections; this continues a tradition started in the 1930s, when the National Gallery lent pieces to the viceroy at the time, <a href="/wiki/Vere_Ponsonby,_9th_Earl_of_Bessborough" title="Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough">the Earl of Bessborough</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-RHart_105-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RHart-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Adrienne Clarkson's words, "the mix of furniture and other objects here now reflects the country, the people who came and settled here, and became part of the Canadian story."<sup id="cite_ref-CFund_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFund-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table role="presentation" cellpadding="0" style="border-spacing:0; clear:left; float:left;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="thumb tleft"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width:254px;"> <div style="position:relative; width:252px; height:350px; overflow:hidden; border:solid #ccc 1px; background-color:white;"> <div style="left:-130px; top:-220px; width:490px; position:absolute"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_47.jpg" title="commons:File:Rideau Hall 47.jpg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rideau_Hall_47.jpg/490px-Rideau_Hall_47.jpg" decoding="async" width="490" height="735" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rideau_Hall_47.jpg/735px-Rideau_Hall_47.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Rideau_Hall_47.jpg/980px-Rideau_Hall_47.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3306" data-file-height="4959" /></a></span> </div> <div style="text-align:center; line-height:110%;"> <div style="background-color:transparent; color:black">{{{annotations}}}</div> </div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption" style="clear:left">A copy of <a href="/wiki/George_Hayter" title="George Hayter">George Hayter</a>'s portrait of <a href="/wiki/Queen_Victoria" title="Queen Victoria">Queen Victoria</a> in the tent room</div> </div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Additionally, since the time of Clarkson's appointment, themed artistic exhibitions have been mounted at Rideau Hall, such as that during the tenure of Michaëlle Jean wherein the show "Body and Land" featured select <a href="/wiki/Screen-printing" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen-printing">silkscreen</a> prints from the artist's book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Journals_of_Susanna_Moodie" title="The Journals of Susanna Moodie">The Journals of Susanna Moodie</a></i> by author <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Atwood" title="Margaret Atwood">Margaret Atwood</a> and artist Charles Pachter. What had been praised during Clarkson's tenure,<sup id="cite_ref-Fraser_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fraser-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, was soon critiqued when it was revealed that into Jean's appointment, Rideau Hall's interpretation and exhibition planner, Fabienne Fusade, was removing from sight the portraits of <a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_monarchs" title="List of Canadian monarchs">Canada's past and present sovereigns</a> and other members of the royal family, in order to fulfill Jean's wish to make the vice-regal residence a showcase for Canadian art and give "a strong image of Canada";<sup id="cite_ref-GGart1_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGart1-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NPart_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPart-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the portrait by Jean Paul Lemieux of Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh that had for decades dominated the focal wall of the ballroom was shifted to the rear wall,<sup id="cite_ref-Herald_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herald-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thereby bumping the copy of <a href="/wiki/George_Hayter" title="George Hayter">George Hayter</a>'s <a href="/wiki/File:HayterVictoria.jpg" title="File:HayterVictoria.jpg">state portrait of Queen Victoria</a> that had hung there to the tent room, where the portraits of Canada's British governors general had been collected together. These moves and removals were criticized by the editorial board of the <i><a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a></i>, as well as other journalists,<sup id="cite_ref-GGart2_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGart2-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as having "demoted and ghettoized" history in order to "siphon off the great symbolic power of the monarchy, to further [the staff's] particular tastes and agendas," noting that Rideau Hall should not be used "primarily [as] an art gallery."<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grounds">Grounds</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Grounds"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:165px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg/248px-10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg/372px-10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg/496px-10_Rideau_Hall_P1350154.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg/122px-Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg/183px-Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg/244px-Rideau_Hall_wrought_iron_fence_and_posts_along_Princess_Avenue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg/122px-Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg/183px-Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg/244px-Rideau_Hall_-_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Clockwise from top) sentries from the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Foot_Guards" title="Governor General's Foot Guards">Governor General's Foot Guards</a> at the entrance of the property; the sign at the main gate; the wrought iron fence as it runs along Princess Avenue</div></div></div></div> <p>Rideau Hall's 0.36-square-kilometre (88-acre) contains uniquely Canadian landscapes designed in the <a href="/wiki/Natural_landscaping" title="Natural landscaping">natural</a> and <a href="/wiki/Formal_garden" title="Formal garden">formal styles</a>, including broad lawns, groves of trees (there are over 10,000 trees on the property<sup id="cite_ref-Johansen_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johansen-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and meandering roads and pathways. The property is surrounded by a 2,500-metre-long (8,200 ft) Victorian style <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">cast iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cast_stone" title="Cast stone">cast stone</a> fence put up from 1928 into the 1930s.<sup id="cite_ref-LeBlanc_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeBlanc-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Parks1_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parks1-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Main Gate and adjacent Gate Lodge were designed by Frederick Preston Rubidge and constructed between 1867 and 1868; the gates themselves were produced by William Glendinneng Manufacturer of Montreal. The light fixtures atop the piers to either side of the gate were added at a later date. These elements, the Gate Lodge, and the fence and other gates were together designated as a <a href="/wiki/Federal_Heritage_Buildings_Review_Office" title="Federal Heritage Buildings Review Office">federal heritage building</a> on 16 January 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The piers and <a href="/wiki/Ironwork" title="Ironwork">ironwork</a> of the perimeter fence were modelled on those of the Main Gate.<sup id="cite_ref-Parks2_114-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parks2-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The entire site is divided into five distinct areas: the wooded entrance park (trees, groundcover, <a href="/wiki/Daffodil" class="mw-redirect" title="Daffodil">daffodils</a>, and lawn), the open parkland (meadow), the <a href="/wiki/Sugar_bush" title="Sugar bush">sugar bush</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ornamental_plant" title="Ornamental plant">ornamental gardens</a>, and the farm (out-buildings and open area).<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last once included a herd of cattle and fields used to grow hay, but today the only remaining agricultural ventures are the vegetable and herb gardens that have been worked since the time of the McKay family.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From these fields, plants, fruits, and edible flowers are used in the palace kitchens,<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse" title="Greenhouse">greenhouse</a> and flower garden provide flowers for the hall and other government buildings in Ottawa. Further, during the early spring months, the <a href="/wiki/Maple" title="Maple">maples</a> throughout the property are tapped for <a href="/wiki/Maple_syrup" title="Maple syrup">syrup</a> making. In total, more than 10,000 trees grow on the grounds.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, there is a one-kilometre-long (0.62 mi) honorary segment of the <a href="/wiki/Trans_Canada_Trail" title="Trans Canada Trail">Trans Canada Trail</a> on the property.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:252px;max-width:252px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:186px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg/248px-Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg/372px-Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg/496px-Inukshuk_at_Rideau_Hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:81px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg/122px-GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg/183px-GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg/244px-GovernorGeneralSkatingRinkCanada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:81px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg/122px-Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg/183px-Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg/244px-Small_fountain_in_front_of_the_Rideau_Hall_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4912" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:250px;max-width:250px"><div class="thumbimage" style="border:1;;height:186px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:006_Rideau_Hall_(Ottawa),_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl,_als_jardins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg/248px-006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg" decoding="async" width="248" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg/372px-006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg/496px-006_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_t%C3%B2tem_kwakiutl%2C_als_jardins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">(Clockwise from top) the <a href="/wiki/Inukshuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Inukshuk">inukshuk</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Kananginak_Pootoogook" title="Kananginak Pootoogook">Kananginak Pootoogook</a> and erected in 1997; the Fountain of Hope in the <a href="/wiki/Courtyard" title="Courtyard">forecourt</a>; the skating rink on the grounds of Rideau Hall; the <a href="/wiki/Totem_pole" title="Totem pole">totem pole</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mungo_Martin" title="Mungo Martin">Mungo Martin</a></div></div></div></div> <p>As with the house that sits on them, the grounds too were transformed throughout the decades: Lady Byng created the existing <a href="/wiki/Rock_garden" title="Rock garden">rock garden</a>, with a reflecting pool and wild corner for growing <a href="/wiki/Trillium" title="Trillium">trilliums</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orchid" title="Orchid">orchids</a>; a <a href="/wiki/Totem_pole" title="Totem pole">totem pole</a> by <a href="/wiki/Kwakiutl" class="mw-redirect" title="Kwakiutl">Kwakiutl</a> carver <a href="/wiki/Mungo_Martin" title="Mungo Martin">Mungo Martin</a> was gifted to the Earl Alexander of Tunis by the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_British_Columbia" title="Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia">Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia</a>-<a href="/wiki/King-in-Council" title="King-in-Council">in-Council</a>; the Fountain of Hope was initiated by <a href="/wiki/Gerda_Hnatyshyn" title="Gerda Hnatyshyn">Gerda Hnatyshyn</a> to mark the <a href="/wiki/International_Year_of_Disabled_Persons" title="International Year of Disabled Persons">International Year of Disabled Persons</a>, built in front of Rideau Hall, and dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Terry_Fox" title="Terry Fox">Terry Fox</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an <a href="/wiki/Inukshuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Inukshuk">inukshuk</a> by artist <a href="/wiki/Kananginak_Pootoogook" title="Kananginak Pootoogook">Kananginak Pootoogook</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Dorset" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Dorset">Cape Dorset</a>, Nunavut, was built to commemorate the second <a href="/wiki/National_Aboriginal_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="National Aboriginal Day">National Aboriginal Day</a>, in 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-GGgrounds_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGgrounds-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canadian Heritage Garden is a formal rose garden championed by Gerda Hnatyshyn and constructed to mark the 125th anniversary of Confederation.<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, each member of the royal family or visiting dignitary to Rideau Hall is asked to plant a tree; as such, the park, mostly along the main drive, is dotted with nearly 100 trees with small plaques at their bases listing the name and office of the person who planted each particular tree.<sup id="cite_ref-GGgrounds_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GGgrounds-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth,_the_Queen_Mother" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother">Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother</a>; <a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Diana, Princess of Wales</a>; <a href="/wiki/Prince_Charles,_Prince_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Charles, Prince of Wales">Prince Charles, Prince of Wales</a>; King George VI; and numerous by Queen Elizabeth II. Foreign dignitaries who have planted trees include <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis">Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a>, and Emperor <a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Akihito</a>. </p><p>Throughout their history as a royal park, the gardens have hosted numerous activities and events. The earliest governors general added amenities such as a <a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">curling</a> rink, a skating pond (which remains in operation, making it one of the oldest rinks in North America<sup id="cite_ref-CPAC_15-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPAC-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), <a href="/wiki/Toboggan" title="Toboggan">toboggan</a> runs,<sup id="cite_ref-OSCGG_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSCGG-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>n 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tennis courts, and the like, and many of the guests at Rideau Hall would partake in these outdoor activities, including Prime Ministers <a href="/wiki/William_Lyon_Mackenzie_King" title="William Lyon Mackenzie King">William Lyon Mackenzie King</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Borden" title="Robert Borden">Robert Borden</a>, who would often skate on the iced over pond with the viceregal family. Of the tobogganing, Lieutenant William Galwey, a member of the survey team that laid out the <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Canada–United States border">Canada–United States border</a> and later visited Rideau Hall in November 1871, said: "It is a most favourite amusement at Government House. Ladies go in for it. I think they like rolling over and over with the gentlemen."<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:002_Rideau_Hall_(Ottawa),_centre_de_visitants,_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg/220px-002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg/330px-002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg/440px-002_Rideau_Hall_%28Ottawa%29%2C_centre_de_visitants%2C_vora_Thomas_Gate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>The Visitor Centre is used to facilitate tours of the property</figcaption></figure> <p>The grounds of Rideau Hall have been open to the public since 1921, when the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Byng_of_Vimy" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Byng of Vimy">Lord Byng of Vimy</a>'s aide-de-camp resolved to open Government House to "all who had a right to be there,"<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a move that outraged the traditionalists. Today an expanded Visitor Centre (formerly the gardener's cottage<sup id="cite_ref-travel_70-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-travel-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) has been established to facilitate tours. </p><p>Garden parties are held by the viceroy in the summer months, continuing the tradition started by the Lord Lisgar in 1869,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and each year the governor general holds a New Year's <a href="/wiki/Lev%C3%A9e_(event)" class="mw-redirect" title="Levée (event)">Levée</a>, an event that traces its roots back to the French royal government and which welcomes guests from the public to attend and participate in skating, sledding, and refreshments.<sup id="cite_ref-Mon_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The park also hosts the Rideau Hall Cricket Association and Ottawa Valley Cricket Council, which continues the tradition of <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> being played in the vice-regal residence's gardens, beginning when the <a href="/wiki/Cricket_pitch" title="Cricket pitch">cricket pitch</a> was laid out by the Viscount Monck in 1866. Matches continue to be played at the hall during summer weekends.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_structures">Other structures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other structures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg/220px-Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg/330px-Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg/440px-Rideau_Hall_Gasometer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1601" data-file-height="1601" /></a><figcaption>The Dome Building on the grounds of Rideau Hall, 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>Other than Rideau Hall itself, there are 27 buildings around the property, including Rideau Cottage (currently serving as a temporary official home for the Prime Minister and his family<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>); offices for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, National Capital Commission, and Public Works and Government Services Canada; the <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Foot_Guards" title="Governor General's Foot Guards">Governor General's Foot Guards</a>' House; the <a href="/wiki/Gasometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Gasometer">Gasometer</a> or Dome Building (built in 1877 as storage for <a href="/wiki/Coal_gas" title="Coal gas">coal gas</a> used for lighting in Rideau Hall<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>);<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Visitors Centre; the Farm Building; and stables. Additionally, there are six greenhouses.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Surrounding_properties">Surrounding properties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Surrounding properties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Though not on the grounds of Rideau Hall, <a href="/wiki/St._Bartholomew%27s_Anglican_Church_(Ottawa)" title="St. Bartholomew's Anglican Church (Ottawa)">St Bartholomew's Anglican Church</a> is located across MacKay Street on property once belonging to the MacKay Villa estate. It is regularly used by governors general and their families and sometimes by the sovereign and other members of the royal family, as well as by viceregal household staff, their families, and members of the Governor General's Foot Guards, for whom the church also is a regimental chapel.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also nearby is <a href="/wiki/7_Rideau_Gate" title="7 Rideau Gate">7 Rideau Gate</a>, which is a guesthouse for distinguished visitors of the Crown situated just outside and facing onto the forecourt of the main gate of Rideau Hall.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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Ottawa">List of buildings in Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces" title="List of palaces">List of palaces</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-GGaward-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GGaward_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Awards#Governor_General's_Literary_Awards" title="Governor General's Awards">Governor General's Awards § Governor General's Literary Awards</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GGart1-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GGart1_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fusade called the portraits "anachronisms" and said they "did not fit any more with the current role of the governor general."<sup id="cite_ref-NPart_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPart-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GGart2-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GGart2_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dan Gardner said in the <i>Calgary Herald</i> that "The idea behind all this is to ease the Queen out of the country's consciousness and constitution."<sup id="cite_ref-Herald_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Herald-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OSCGG-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OSCGG_124-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A toboggan run some 700 metres in length was cut through the forest in 1897, allowing sleds to slide right down to the Ottawa River and, in 1903, the Countess of Minto formed the Minto Skating Club and held amateur competitions at Rideau Hall each year.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ncc-ccn.gc.ca/places/rideau-hall">"Rideau Hall"</a>. <i>National Capital Commission</i>. Government of Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2024</span>. <q>For more than 150 years, this heritage site has been the official residence of Canada's governors general.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Capital+Commission&rft.atitle=Rideau+Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fncc-ccn.gc.ca%2Fplaces%2Frideau-hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=2795">"Federal Heritage Buildings: Rideau Hall : Complex as a whole"</a>. <i>Parks Canada</i>. Government of Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2024</span>. <q>The Rideau Hall Complex contains the official residence, the landscaped grounds and the outbuildings, which together constitute the vice-regal estate of the Governor General of Canada.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Parks+Canada&rft.atitle=Federal+Heritage+Buildings%3A+Rideau+Hall+%3A+Complex+as+a+whole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pc.gc.ca%2Fapps%2Fdfhd%2Fpage_fhbro_eng.aspx%3Fid%3D2795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gg.ca/en/visit-us/rideau-hall/history-rideau-hall">"History of Rideau Hall"</a>. <i>The Governor General of Canada</i>. 20 November 2017. <q>In 1868, the year after Confederation, the Government of Canada purchased the house and grounds for $82,000 and declared it the official residence for Canada's governors general......Rideau Hall has been the official residence of every governor general of Canada since 1867 and their workplace since 1940.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Governor+General+of+Canada&rft.atitle=History+of+Rideau+Hall&rft.date=2017-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fen%2Fvisit-us%2Frideau-hall%2Fhistory-rideau-hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mon-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mon_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mon_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mon_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mon_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mon_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAimers1996" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Aimers" title="John Aimers">Aimers, John</a> (April 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090131134713/http://www.monarchist.ca/mc/palace.htm">"The Palace on the Rideau"</a>. <i>Monarchy Canada</i> (Spring 1996). Toronto: Monarchist League of Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monarchist.ca/mc/palace.htm">the original</a> on 31 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monarchy+Canada&rft.atitle=The+Palace+on+the+Rideau&rft.issue=Spring+1996&rft.date=1996-04&rft.aulast=Aimers&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monarchist.ca%2Fmc%2Fpalace.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=2795">"Rideau Hall : Complex as a whole"</a>. <i>Federal Heritage Buildings</i>. 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(2002), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20071202091844/http://www.gg.ca/visitus/pdf/tKit_e.pdf"><i>A Visit to Rideau Hall: Teacher's Guide</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Ottawa: Queen's Printer for Canada, p. 18, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gg.ca/visitus/pdf/tKit_e.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 December 2007</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Visit+to+Rideau+Hall%3A+Teacher%27s+Guide&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Queen%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=2002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fvisitus%2Fpdf%2FtKit_e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanks2001" class="citation book cs1">Banks, Margaret A. (2001). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sirjohngeorgebou0000bank"><i>Sir John George Bourinot, Victorian Canadian: His Life, Times, and Legacy</i></a></span>. McGill-Queen's Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sirjohngeorgebou0000bank/page/186">186</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780773521919" title="Special:BookSources/9780773521919"><bdi>9780773521919</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sir+John+George+Bourinot%2C+Victorian+Canadian%3A+His+Life%2C+Times%2C+and+Legacy&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780773521919&rft.aulast=Banks&rft.aufirst=Margaret+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsirjohngeorgebou0000bank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton-Temple-Blackwood1872" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Hariot_Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood,_Marchioness_of_Dufferin_and_Ava" title="Hariot Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Marchioness of Dufferin and Ava">Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, Hariot</a> (27 June 1872), "Extracts from my letters home", <i>My Canadian Journal, 1872–78</i>, <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007AEX2E">B0007AEX2E</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=My+Canadian+Journal%2C+1872%E2%80%9378&rft.atitle=Extracts+from+my+letters+home&rft.date=1872-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0007AEX2E%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood&rft.aufirst=Hariot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVilliers1893" class="citation journal cs1">Villiers, Constance (22 May 1893). "Lady Derby to Lady Aberdeen". <i>Aberdeen Papers</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aberdeen+Papers&rft.atitle=Lady+Derby+to+Lady+Aberdeen&rft.date=1893-05-22&rft.aulast=Villiers&rft.aufirst=Constance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton-Gordon2013" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ishbel_Hamilton-Gordon,_Marchioness_of_Aberdeen_and_Temair" title="Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon, Marchioness of Aberdeen and Temair">Hamilton-Gordon, Ishbel</a> (2013) [19 November 1898]. Saywell, John T. (ed.). <i>The Canadian Journal of Lady Aberdeen, 1893-1898</i>. The Champlain Society. pp. 478, 479. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3138%2F9781442618015">10.3138/9781442618015</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-1801-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4426-1801-5"><bdi>978-1-4426-1801-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Journal+of+Lady+Aberdeen%2C+1893-1898&rft.pages=478%2C+479&rft.pub=The+Champlain+Society&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3138%2F9781442618015&rft.isbn=978-1-4426-1801-5&rft.aulast=Hamilton-Gordon&rft.aufirst=Ishbel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2016" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Harris, Carolyn (17 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/princess-louise">"Princess Louise"</a>. <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i> (online ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181120015113/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/princess-louise">Archived</a> from the original on 20 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Princess+Louise&rft.btitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.edition=online&rft.date=2016-10-17&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Carolyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fprincess-louise&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell1955" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell,_9th_Duke_of_Argyll" title="John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll">Campbell, John</a> (1955). MacNutt, W. Stewart (ed.). <i>Lorne to Duke of Argyle</i>. Fredericton. p. 242.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lorne+to+Duke+of+Argyle&rft.place=Fredericton&rft.pages=242&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|periodical=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHubbard1977">Hubbard 1977</a>, p. 57</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-William-Patrick-Albert-duke-of-Connaught-and-Strathearn">"Arthur William Patrick Albert, duke of Connaught and Strathearn | British military officer"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119215110/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Arthur-William-Patrick-Albert-duke-of-Connaught-and-Strathearn">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arthur+William+Patrick+Albert%2C+duke+of+Connaught+and+Strathearn+%26%23124%3B+British+military+officer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FArthur-William-Patrick-Albert-duke-of-Connaught-and-Strathearn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAronson1981" class="citation book cs1">Aronson, Theo (1981). <i>Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone</i>. London: Cassell. p. 211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0304307579" title="Special:BookSources/978-0304307579"><bdi>978-0304307579</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Princess+Alice%2C+Countess+of+Athlone&rft.place=London&rft.pages=211&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0304307579&rft.aulast=Aronson&rft.aufirst=Theo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLascellesHart-Davis2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Lascelles" title="Alan Lascelles">Lascelles, Alan</a>; Hart-Davis, Duff (2006). <i>King's counsellor: abdication and war: the diaries of Sir Alan Lascelles</i>. <a href="/wiki/Weidenfeld_%26_Nicolson" title="Weidenfeld & Nicolson">Weidenfeld & Nicolson</a>. p. 39. <q>[...] [T]he wretched young Duke of Connaught, whom his regiment (Greys) have had to get rid of, as he is wholly incompetent.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=King%27s+counsellor%3A+abdication+and+war%3A+the+diaries+of+Sir+Alan+Lascelles&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=Weidenfeld+%26+Nicolson&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Lascelles&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.au=Hart-Davis%2C+Duff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1023145/the-queen-news-queen-canada-Rideau-Hall-pictures">"Inside the Queen's official residence in Canada: How beloved hall feels like home"</a>. 26 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119214509/https://www.express.co.uk/news/royal/1023145/the-queen-news-queen-canada-Rideau-Hall-pictures">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Queen%27s+official+residence+in+Canada%3A+How+beloved+hall+feels+like+home&rft.date=2018-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.express.co.uk%2Fnews%2Froyal%2F1023145%2Fthe-queen-news-queen-canada-Rideau-Hall-pictures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lanctot-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lanctot_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lanctot_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanctot1964" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Lanctot" title="Gustave Lanctot">Lanctot, Gustave</a> (1964). <i>Royal Tour of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth in Canada and the United States of America 1939</i>. Toronto: E.P. Taylor Foundation. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0006EB752">B0006EB752</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Tour+of+King+George+VI+and+Queen+Elizabeth+in+Canada+and+the+United+States+of+America+1939&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=E.P.+Taylor+Foundation&rft.date=1964&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0006EB752%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Lanctot&rft.aufirst=Gustave&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalbraith1989" class="citation journal cs1">Galbraith, William (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121205052132/http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/Infoparl/english/issue.asp?param=130&art=820">"Fiftieth Anniversary of the 1939 Royal Visit"</a>. <i>Canadian Parliamentary Review</i>. <b>12</b> (3). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.parl.gc.ca/Sites/LOP/Infoparl/english/issue.asp?param=130&art=820">the original</a> on 5 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Parliamentary+Review&rft.atitle=Fiftieth+Anniversary+of+the+1939+Royal+Visit&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.date=1989&rft.aulast=Galbraith&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.parl.gc.ca%2FSites%2FLOP%2FInfoparl%2Fenglish%2Fissue.asp%3Fparam%3D130%26art%3D820&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampagnolo2004" class="citation speech cs1"><a href="/wiki/Iona_Campagnolo" title="Iona Campagnolo">Campagnolo, Iona</a> (7 May 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927000928/http://www.ltgov.bc.ca/whatsnew/sp/sp_may07_2004.htm"><i>Speech to the Retired Heads of Mission Association's Gala Dinner</i></a> (Speech). <a href="/wiki/Royal_Roads_University" title="Royal Roads University">Royal Roads University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatley_Park_National_Historic_Site" title="Hatley Park National Historic Site">Hatley Castle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colwood,_British_Columbia" title="Colwood, British Columbia">Colwood, British Columbia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ltgov.bc.ca/whatsnew/sp/sp_may07_2004.htm">the original</a> on 27 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Speech+to+the+Retired+Heads+of+Mission+Association%27s+Gala+Dinner&rft.place=Royal+Roads+University%2C+Hatley+Castle%2C+Colwood%2C+British+Columbia&rft.date=2004-05-07&rft.aulast=Campagnolo&rft.aufirst=Iona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ltgov.bc.ca%2Fwhatsnew%2Fsp%2Fsp_may07_2004.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hubbard201-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hubbard201_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hubbard201_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHubbard1977">Hubbard 1977</a>, p. 201</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOffice_of_the_Secretary_to_the_Governor_General2002">Office of the Secretary to the Governor General 2002</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHubbard1977">Hubbard 1977</a>, p. 202</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHubbard1977">Hubbard 1977</a>, p. 212</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHubbard1977">Hubbard 1977</a>, p. 218</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassey1963" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Massey" title="Vincent Massey">Massey, Vincent</a> (1963). <i>What's Past is Prologue: the Memoirs of the Right Honourable Vincent Massey</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=Government+House+dilemma%3A+when+is+a+house+not+a+home%3F&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=1985-12-16&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Stevie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3D2194%26dat%3D19851216%26id%3D4qYyAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3Dj-8FAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6549%2C2868120%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTunney2019" class="citation cs2">Tunney, Catharine (3 July 2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/payette-rideau-hall-move-1.5192368"><i>Gov. Gen. Payette won't be moving into Rideau Hall for now</i></a>, CBC News, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200721232854/https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/payette-rideau-hall-move-1.5192368">archived</a> from the original on 21 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gov.+Gen.+Payette+won%27t+be+moving+into+Rideau+Hall+for+now&rft.pub=CBC+News&rft.date=2019-07-03&rft.aulast=Tunney&rft.aufirst=Catharine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fpayette-rideau-hall-move-1.5192368&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlowacki2020" class="citation web cs1">Glowacki, Laura (3 July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/rideau-hall-intruder-latest-1.5636011">"What we know so far about the Rideau Hall intruder"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Queen+Elizabeth+meets+Michael+Ignatieff+on+her+%27day+off%27&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.aulast=Hume&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F2010%2F07%2F02%2Fhume_queen_elizabeth_meets_michael_ignatieff_on_her_day_off.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_the_Governor_General_of_Canada" class="citation web cs1">Office of the Governor General of Canada. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=15029&lan=eng">"Tour Schedule"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=What+is+becoming+of+Rideau+Hall%3F&rft.date=2007-04-11&rft.au=Editorial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalpost.com%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3D9b1624f3-3f68-4d54-a57e-bf974af30ee3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parks1-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Parks1_113-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Parks1_113-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada1987" class="citation cs2">Government of Canada (16 January 1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=2798"><i>Rideau Hall, Secondary gates and fences</i></a>, King's Printer for Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rideau+Hall%2C+Secondary+gates+and+fences&rft.pub=King%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=1987-01-16&rft.au=Government+of+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pc.gc.ca%2Fapps%2Fdfhd%2Fpage_fhbro_eng.aspx%3Fid%3D2798&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Parks2-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Parks2_114-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Parks2_114-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada1987" class="citation cs2">Government of Canada (16 January 1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=2799"><i>Rideau Hall, Main Gate</i></a>, King's Printer for Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rideau+Hall%2C+Main+Gate&rft.pub=King%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=1987-01-16&rft.au=Government+of+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pc.gc.ca%2Fapps%2Fdfhd%2Fpage_fhbro_eng.aspx%3Fid%3D2799&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovernment_of_Canada1987" class="citation cs2">Government of Canada (16 January 1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_fhbro_eng.aspx?id=2793"><i>Rideau Hall, Gate Lodge</i></a>, King's Printer for Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rideau+Hall%2C+Gate+Lodge&rft.pub=King%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=1987-01-16&rft.au=Government+of+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pc.gc.ca%2Fapps%2Fdfhd%2Fpage_fhbro_eng.aspx%3Fid%3D2793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-Parks1_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parks1-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Parks2_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Parks2-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDicaire2000" class="citation journal cs1">Dicaire, Linda (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080526183102/http://www.ottawahort.org/yearbook2000-3.htm">"Rideau Hall And Its Gardens"</a>. <i>Yearbook</i>: 19. 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Toronto: Ryerson Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/insidegovernment0000will/page/15">15</a>. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0007JCSK4">B0007JCSK4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+Government+House&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Ryerson+Press&rft.date=1954&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0007JCSK4%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Willis-O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Macbeth%2C+Madge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finsidegovernment0000will&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOffice_of_the_Secretary_to_the_Governor_General2002">Office of the Secretary to the Governor General 2002</a>, p. 16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOffice_of_the_Governor_General_of_Canada" class="citation web cs1">Office of the Governor General of Canada. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20061009184424/http://www.gg.ca/visitus/ovcc_e.asp">"Rideau Hall > Rideau Hall Cricket Association"</a>. Queen's Printer for Canada. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gg.ca/visitus/ovcc_e.asp">the original</a> on 9 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rideau+Hall+%3E+Rideau+Hall+Cricket+Association&rft.pub=Queen%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.au=Office+of+the+Governor+General+of+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gg.ca%2Fvisitus%2Fovcc_e.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButler2015" class="citation news cs1">Butler, Don (26 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/news/canada/canadian-politics/trudeau-to-call-22-room-rideau-cottage-home-while-deciding-on-whether-to-move-into-24-sussex">"Trudeaus to call 22-room Rideau Cottage home while deciding on whether to move into 24 Sussex"</a>. <i>National Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Trudeaus+to+call+22-room+Rideau+Cottage+home+while+deciding+on+whether+to+move+into+24+Sussex&rft.date=2015-10-26&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fcanadian-politics%2Ftrudeau-to-call-22-room-rideau-cottage-home-while-deciding-on-whether-to-move-into-24-sussex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://robertsonmartin.com/project/rideau-hall-dome/"><i>Dome Building at Rideau Hall</i></a>, Robertson Martin Architects<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dome+Building+at+Rideau+Hall&rft.pub=Robertson+Martin+Architects&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frobertsonmartin.com%2Fproject%2Frideau-hall-dome%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=4656&pid=0">Rideau Hall, Gasometer</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="Canadian Register of Historic Places">Canadian Register of Historic Places</a></i>. Retrieved 15 June 2019. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/parl_oag_200805_06_e_30702.html#hd5a">"2008 May Report of the Auditor General of Canada > Chapter 6—Conservation of Federal Official Residences"</a>. Queen's Printer for Canada. 6 May 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022002544/http://www.oag-bvg.gc.ca/internet/English/parl_oag_200805_06_e_30702.html#hd5a">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2008+May+Report+of+the+Auditor+General+of+Canada+%3E+Chapter+6%E2%80%94Conservation+of+Federal+Official+Residences&rft.pub=Queen%27s+Printer+for+Canada&rft.date=2008-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oag-bvg.gc.ca%2Finternet%2FEnglish%2Fparl_oag_200805_06_e_30702.html%23hd5a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150104064917/http://www.stbartsottawa.ca/history_part1.html">"The History and Architecture of St. Barts"</a>. St. Bartholomew's Anglican Church. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+History+and+Architecture+of+St.+Barts&rft.pub=St.+Bartholomew%27s+Anglican+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stbartsottawa.ca%2Fhistory_part1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=4650&pid=0">Official Guest Residence</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="Canadian Register of Historic Places">Canadian Register of Historic Places</a></i>. Retrieved 15 June 2019. </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobin2014" class="citation news cs1">Robin, Laura (11 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ottawacitizen.com/life/food/a-rare-taste-of-rideau-halls-kitchen-garden">"A rare taste of Rideau Hall's kitchen garden"</a>. <i>Ottawa Citizen</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ottawa+Citizen&rft.atitle=A+rare+taste+of+Rideau+Hall%27s+kitchen+garden&rft.date=2014-09-11&rft.aulast=Robin&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fottawacitizen.com%2Flife%2Ffood%2Fa-rare-taste-of-rideau-halls-kitchen-garden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARideau+Hall" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rideau_Hall&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Rideau_Hall" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Rideau Hall">Rideau Hall</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gg.ca/en/visit-us/rideau-hall">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://recherche-collection-search.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/home/record?app=ordincou&IdNumber=5299&q=Order-in-Council%201868-0718%20for%20purchase%20of%20Rideau%20Hall">Minister of Public Works - For the purchase of Rideau Hall and other property from the McKay Estate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Library_and_Archives_Canada" title="Library and Archives Canada">Library and Archives Canada</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbs-sct.gc.ca/dfrp-rbif/pn-nb/02078-eng.aspx">Rideau Hall - Directory of Federal Real Property</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Treasury_Board_of_Canada_Secretariat" title="Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat">Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h7vV5H5WELU"><span class="plainlinks">Rideau Hall - A Tour with the Johnstons</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> by <a href="/wiki/CPAC_(TV_channel)" title="CPAC (TV channel)">CPAC</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1661570232">The Schreyers’ new life at Rideau Hall</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a> Digital Archive</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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title="Canada">Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rideau Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadelle_of_Quebec" title="Citadelle of Quebec">La Citadelle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/24_Sussex_Drive" title="24 Sussex Drive">24 Sussex Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrington_Lake" title="Harrington Lake">Harrington Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatineau_Park" title="Gatineau Park">Gatineau Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_Cottage" title="Rideau Cottage">Rideau Cottage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a> (temporary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Official_Opposition_(Canada)" title="Leader of the Official Opposition (Canada)">Leader of the Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stornoway_(residence)" title="Stornoway (residence)">Stornoway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(Canada)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (Canada)">Speaker of the House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Farm_(Canada)" title="The Farm (Canada)">The Farm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gatineau_Park" title="Gatineau Park">Gatineau Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_guest_house" title="State guest house">State guest house</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/7_Rideau_Gate" title="7 Rideau Gate">7 Rideau Gate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial<br /><br /><i>Residences<br />of the<br /><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_governor_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant governor (Canada)">lieutenant<br />governors</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_British_Columbia" title="Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia">British Columbia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(British_Columbia)" title="Government House (British Columbia)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbia" title="Victoria, British Columbia">Victoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Manitoba" title="Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Manitoba)" title="Government House (Manitoba)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winnipeg" title="Winnipeg">Winnipeg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Newfoundland_and_Labrador)" title="Government House (Newfoundland and Labrador)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador">St. John's</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_New_Brunswick" title="Lieutenant Governor of New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(New_Brunswick)" title="Government House (New Brunswick)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fredericton" title="Fredericton">Fredericton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Nova_Scotia" title="Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Nova_Scotia)" title="Government House (Nova Scotia)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Halifax Regional Municipality">Halifax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Prince_Edward_Island)" title="Government House (Prince Edward Island)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlottetown" title="Charlottetown">Charlottetown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Former</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Alberta)" title="Government House (Alberta)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Saskatchewan)" title="Government House (Saskatchewan)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Ontario)" title="Government House (Ontario)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Quebec)" title="Government House (Quebec)">Government House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Monklands" class="mw-redirect" title="The Monklands">The Monklands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li>See: <a href="/wiki/Government_Houses_in_Canada" title="Government Houses in Canada">Government Houses in Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governor_General_of_Canada" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Template:Governor General of Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Template talk:Governor General of Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governor General of Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governor_General_of_Canada" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Governor General of Canada">Governor General of Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of governors general of Canada">List of governors general of Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_of_the_Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Deputy of the Governor General of Canada">Deputy of the Governor General of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Government_of_Canada" title="Administrator of the Government of Canada">Administrator of the Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceregal_consort_of_Canada" title="Viceregal consort of Canada">Viceregal consort of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_to_the_Governor_General_of_Canada" title="Secretary to the Governor General of Canada">Secretary to the Governor General of Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Residences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rideau Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadelle_of_Quebec" title="Citadelle of Quebec">Citadelle of Quebec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Awards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_named_after_governors_general_of_Canada" title="List of awards named after governors general of Canada">Named after</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_presented_by_the_governor_general_of_Canada" title="List of awards presented by the governor general of Canada">Presented by</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Scout%27s_Award_(Scouts_Canada)" title="Chief Scout's Award (Scouts Canada)">Chief Scout's Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_General%27s_Awards" title="Governor General's Awards">Governor General's Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michener_Award" title="Michener Award">Michener Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Venturer_Award" title="King's Venturer Award">King's Venturer Award</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_the_governors_general_of_Canada" title="Armorial of the governors general of Canada">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_governor_general_of_Canada" title="Flag of the governor general of Canada">Flag of the governor general of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceregal_eponyms_in_Canada" title="Viceregal eponyms in Canada">Viceregal eponyms in Canada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Governors_general_of_Canada" title="Category:Governors general of Canada">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Landmarks_in_Ottawa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ottawa_landmarks" title="Template:Ottawa landmarks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ottawa_landmarks" title="Template talk:Ottawa landmarks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ottawa_landmarks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ottawa landmarks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Landmarks_in_Ottawa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Landmark" title="Landmark">Landmarks</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National<br />and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ottawa" title="History of Ottawa">historical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/24_Sussex_Drive" title="24 Sussex Drive">24 Sussex Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Laurier" title="Château Laurier">Château Laurier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Square" title="Confederation Square">Confederation Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_War_Memorial_(Canada)" title="National War Memorial (Canada)">National War Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CFS_Carp" class="mw-redirect" title="CFS Carp">Diefenbunker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurier_House" title="Laurier House">Laurier House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_Hill" title="Parliament Hill">Parliament Hill</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Tower" title="Peace Tower">Peace Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Block" title="Centre Block">Centre Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Block" title="East Block">East Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Block" title="West Block">West Block</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rideau Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada_Building" title="Senate of Canada Building">Senate of Canada Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Canada" title="Supreme Court of Canada">Supreme Court of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monuments_and_memorials_in_Ottawa" title="Category:Monuments and memorials in Ottawa">Monuments and memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Sites_of_Canada_in_Ottawa" title="List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Ottawa">National Historic Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_designated_heritage_properties_in_Ottawa" title="List of designated heritage properties in Ottawa">Designated heritage properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Ottawa" title="List of museums in Ottawa">Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Canada_Museum" title="Bank of Canada Museum">Bank of Canada Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billings_Estate_Museum" title="Billings Estate Museum">Billings Estate Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bytown_Museum" title="Bytown Museum">Bytown Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Agriculture_and_Food_Museum" title="Canada Agriculture and Food Museum">Canada Agriculture and Food Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Aviation_and_Space_Museum" title="Canada Aviation and Space Museum">Canada Aviation and Space Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Science_and_Technology_Museum" title="Canada Science and Technology Museum">Canada Science and Technology Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Museum_of_History" title="Canadian Museum of History">Canadian Museum of History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Museum_of_Nature" title="Canadian Museum of Nature">Canadian Museum of Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_War_Museum" title="Canadian War Museum">Canadian War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horaceville,_Ottawa" title="Horaceville, Ottawa">Pinhey's Point Historic Site</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurier_House" title="Laurier House">Laurier House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Canada" title="National Gallery of Canada">National Gallery of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepean_Museum" title="Nepean Museum">Nepean Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_Gallery_of_Canada" title="Portrait Gallery of Canada">Portrait Gallery of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mint" title="Royal Canadian Mint">Royal Canadian Mint</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment<br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Ottawa" title="List of festivals in Ottawa">festivals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrymore%27s" title="Barrymore's">Barrymore's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronson_Centre" title="Bronson Centre">Bronson Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ByTowne_Cinema" title="ByTowne Cinema">ByTowne Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tulip_Festival" title="Canadian Tulip Festival">Canadian Tulip Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centrepointe_Theatre" title="Centrepointe Theatre">Centrepointe Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CityFolk_Festival" title="CityFolk Festival">CityFolk Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone_Theatre" title="Gladstone Theatre">Gladstone Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Canadian_Theatre_Company" title="Great Canadian Theatre Company">Great Canadian Theatre Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Targ" title="House of Targ">House of Targ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanata_Theatre" title="Kanata Theatre">Kanata Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Arts_Centre" title="National Arts Centre">National Arts Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Bluesfest" title="Ottawa Bluesfest">Ottawa Bluesfest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Jazz_Festival" title="Ottawa Jazz Festival">Ottawa Jazz Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Centre_Ottawa" title="Rogers Centre Ottawa">Rogers Centre Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winterlude" title="Winterlude">Winterlude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ottawa" title="Sport in Ottawa">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britannia_Yacht_Club" title="Britannia Yacht Club">Britannia Yacht Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tire_Centre" title="Canadian Tire Centre">Canadian Tire Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepean_Sailing_Club" title="Nepean Sailing Club">Nepean Sailing Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chabot_Grant_Thornton_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton Park">Raymond Chabot Grant Thornton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Place_Arena" title="TD Place Arena">TD Place Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD_Place_Stadium" title="TD Place Stadium">TD Place Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Fox_Stadium" title="Terry Fox Stadium">Terry Fox Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clover_Parks" title="Wesley Clover Parks">Wesley Clover Parks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ottawa_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ottawa parks">Parks</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ottawa" title="Geography of Ottawa">natural landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Experimental_Farm" title="Central Experimental Farm">Central Experimental Farm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_Arboretum" title="Dominion Arboretum">Dominion Arboretum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaudi%C3%A8re_Falls" title="Chaudière Falls">Chaudière Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confederation_Park" title="Confederation Park">Confederation Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Island_(Rideau_River)" title="Green Island (Rideau River)">Green Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenbelt_(Ottawa)" title="Greenbelt (Ottawa)">Greenbelt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mer_Bleue_Bog" title="Mer Bleue Bog">Mer Bleue Bog</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hog%27s_Back_Falls" title="Hog's Back Falls">Hog's Back Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%ACwek%C3%AC_Point" title="Kìwekì Point">Kìwekì Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansdowne_Park" title="Lansdowne Park">Lansdowne Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major%27s_Hill_Park" title="Major's Hill Park">Major's Hill Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_River" title="Ottawa River">Ottawa River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrie_Island" title="Petrie Island">Petrie Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_Falls" title="Rideau Falls">Rideau Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_River" title="Rideau River">Rideau River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Island_(Ottawa_River)" title="Victoria Island (Ottawa River)">Victoria Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shopping</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayshore_Shopping_Centre" title="Bayshore Shopping Centre">Bayshore Shopping Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ByWard_Market" title="ByWard Market">Byward Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_Centre" title="Rideau Centre">Rideau Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Place d'Orléans">Place d'Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Laurent_Centre" title="St. Laurent Centre">St. Laurent Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Ottawa" title="Architecture of Ottawa">Architecture</a><br /> and infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_Ottawa" title="List of bridges in Ottawa">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_in_Ottawa" title="List of buildings in Ottawa">Buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Ottawa-Gatineau" class="mw-redirect" title="List of tallest buildings in Ottawa-Gatineau">Tallest buildings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Pathway" title="Capital Pathway">Capital Pathway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallowfield_station_(Ontario)" title="Fallowfield station (Ontario)">Fallowfield Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-Train" title="O-Train">O-Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Macdonald%E2%80%93Cartier_International_Airport" title="Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport">Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa_station" title="Ottawa station">Ottawa Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_Canal" title="Rideau Canal">Rideau Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Ottawa" title="List of roads in Ottawa">Roads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitway_(Ottawa)" title="Transitway (Ottawa)">Transitway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkley_Yard" title="Walkley Yard">Walkley Yard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_neighbourhoods_in_Ottawa" title="List of neighbourhoods in Ottawa">Neighbourhoods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alta_Vista,_Ottawa" title="Alta Vista, Ottawa">Alta Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrhaven" title="Barrhaven">Barrhaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beacon_Hill,_Ottawa" title="Beacon Hill, Ottawa"> Beacon Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bells_Corners" title="Bells Corners">Bells Corners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Hamlet" title="Blackburn Hamlet">Blackburn Hamlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blossom_Park" title="Blossom Park">Blossom Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britannia,_Ottawa" title="Britannia, Ottawa">Britannia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ByWard_Market" title="ByWard Market">ByWard Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlington" title="Carlington">Carlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carp,_Ontario" title="Carp, Ontario">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centretown" title="Centretown">Centretown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_Ottawa" title="Chinatown, Ottawa">Chinatown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Bay" title="Constance Bay">Constance Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Beach,_Ottawa" title="Crystal Beach, Ottawa">Crystal Beach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland,_Ottawa" title="Cumberland, Ottawa">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Ottawa" title="Downtown Ottawa">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunrobin,_Ontario" title="Dunrobin, Ontario">Dunrobin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Findlay_Creek" title="Findlay Creek">Findlay Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Glebe" title="The Glebe">The Glebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucester,_Ontario" title="Gloucester, Ontario">Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greely,_Ontario" title="Greely, Ontario">Greely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heron_Gate" title="Heron Gate">Heron Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hintonburg" title="Hintonburg">Hintonburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunt_Club" title="Hunt Club">Hunt Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanata,_Ontario" title="Kanata, Ontario">Kanata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeBreton_Flats" title="LeBreton Flats">LeBreton Flats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Italy,_Ottawa" title="Little Italy, Ottawa">Little Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Town" title="Lower Town">Lowertown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manotick" title="Manotick">Manotick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metcalfe,_Ontario" title="Metcalfe, Ontario"> Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navan,_Ontario" title="Navan, Ontario">Navan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepean,_Ontario" title="Nepean, Ontario">Nepean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Edinburgh" title="New Edinburgh">New Edinburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Gower" title="North Gower">North Gower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Ottawa_East" title="Old Ottawa East">Old Ottawa East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Ottawa_South" title="Old Ottawa South">Old Ottawa South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orleans,_Ontario" title="Orleans, Ontario">Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osgoode,_Ontario" title="Osgoode, Ontario">Osgoode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Ontario" title="Richmond, Ontario">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverside_South,_Ottawa" title="Riverside South, Ottawa">Riverside South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverview,_Ottawa" title="Riverview, Ottawa">Riverview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockcliffe_Park,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Rockcliffe Park, Ontario">Rockcliffe Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Hill,_Ottawa" title="Sandy Hill, Ottawa">Sandy Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stittsville" title="Stittsville">Stittsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanier,_Ontario" title="Vanier, Ontario">Vanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vars,_Ontario" title="Vars, Ontario">Vars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westboro,_Ottawa" title="Westboro, Ottawa">Westboro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ottawa" title="Category:Ottawa">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Ottawa" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Ottawa">WikiProject</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Official_government_residences_in_North_America" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Official_Government_residences_in_North_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Template:Official Government residences in North America and the Caribbean"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Official_Government_residences_in_North_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Template talk:Official Government residences in North America and the Caribbean"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Official_Government_residences_in_North_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Official Government residences in North America and the Caribbean"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Official_government_residences_in_North_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Official government residences</a> in North America</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Antigua and Barbuda: <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Government House, Antigua and Barbuda">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Bahamas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Bahamas: <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_The_Bahamas" title="Government House, The Bahamas">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/23px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/35px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flag_of_Barbados.svg/45px-Flag_of_Barbados.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span>Barbados:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_House,_Barbados" title="State House, Barbados">State House</a> (Pres)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilaro_Court" title="Ilaro Court">Ilaro Court</a> (PM)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Canada: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rideau Hall</a> (GG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadelle_of_Quebec" title="Citadelle of Quebec">Citadelle of Quebec</a> (GG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Sussex_Drive" title="24 Sussex Drive">24 Sussex Drive</a> (PM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrington_Lake" title="Harrington Lake">Harrington Lake</a> (PM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rideau_Cottage" title="Rideau Cottage">Rideau Cottage</a> (PM - temporary)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Cuba: <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Revolution_(Cuba)" title="Museum of the Revolution (Cuba)">Presidential Palace</a> <small>(former)</small></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Flag_of_Dominica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Dominica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Dominica: <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Dominica" title="Government House, Dominica">Government House</a> (Pres)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dominican_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Dominican Republic: <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_(Dominican_Republic)" title="National Palace (Dominican Republic)">National Palace</a> (Pres)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Grenada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Grenada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Grenada: <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Grenada" title="Government House, Grenada">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/23px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/35px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Flag_of_Haiti.svg/46px-Flag_of_Haiti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Haiti: <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_(Haiti)" title="National Palace (Haiti)">National Palace</a> (Pres)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Jamaica: <a href="/wiki/King%27s_House,_Jamaica" title="King's House, Jamaica">King's House</a> (GG)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vale_Royal,_Jamaica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vale Royal, Jamaica (page does not exist)">Vale Royal</a> (PM)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Los_Pinos" title="Los Pinos">Los Pinos</a> (Pres)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Palace_(Mexico)" title="National Palace (Mexico)">National Palace</a> (workplace)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Saint Kitts and Nevis: <a href="/wiki/Government_House_(Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Government House (Saint Kitts and Nevis)">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Saint_Lucia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Government_House,_Saint_Lucia" title="Government House, Saint Lucia">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_House,_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government House, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Government House</a> (GG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/23px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/35px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg/46px-Flag_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span>Trinidad and Tobago: <a href="/wiki/President%27s_House,_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="President's House, Trinidad and Tobago">President's House</a> (Pres)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Anns_Diplomatic_Residence&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Anns Diplomatic Residence (page does not exist)">St. Anns Diplomatic Residence</a> (PM)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>(Pres)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Residence_of_the_United_States_Ambassador_to_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Residence of the United States Ambassador to the United Nations">42nd Floor Apartment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Observatory_Circle" class="mw-redirect" title="One Observatory Circle">One Observatory Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Emergency_Facility" title="Presidential Emergency Facility">Presidential Emergency Facility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blair_House" title="Blair House">Blair House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Townhouse" title="Presidential Townhouse">Presidential Townhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tingey_House" title="Tingey House">Tingey House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trowbridge_House" title="Trowbridge House">Trowbridge House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarch" title="Monarch">Monarch</a> (Mon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-general" title="Governor-general">Governor-general</a> (GG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant-governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant-governor">Lieutenant-governor</a> (LG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_minister" title="Prime minister">Prime minister</a> (PM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_(government_title)" title="President (government title)">President</a> (Pres)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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title="Category:Sussex Drive">Sussex Drive</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Capital_Commission" title="Category:National Capital Commission">National Capital Commission</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short 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