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ns-subject mw-editable page-Riha rootpage-Riha skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Here naverokê</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menuya esasî" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menuya esasî</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menuya esasî</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navîgasyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" title="Here Destpêkê [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Destpêk · Sereta</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:B%C3%BByer%C3%AAn_rojane" title="Der barê bûyerên dawî de agahiyên nûjen bibîne"><span>Bûyerên rojane</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:R%C3%BBpela_tesaduf%C3%AE" title="Rûpeleke ketober bar bike [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Rûpeleke ketober</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Beşdarî" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Beşdarî" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Beşdarî </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Portala_kom%C3%AA" title="Agahdarî li ser projeyê, tu dikarî çi bikî, tu dikarî tiştan li ku bibînî"><span>Portala komê</span></a></li><li id="n-Dîwana-Wîkîpediyayê" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:D%C3%AEwan"><span>Dîwana Wîkîpediyayê</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Guhertin%C3%AAn_daw%C3%AE" title="Lîsteya guhartinên dawî di vê wîkiyê de [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Guhartinên dawî</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya:Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE" title="Bersivên ji bo pirsên te."><span>Alîkarî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Destp%C3%AAk" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wîkîpediya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ku.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensîklopediya azad" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ku.svg" width="112" height="14" style="width: 7em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:L%C3%AAger%C3%AEn" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Lêgerîn</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" aria-label="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Li ser Wîkîpediyayê bigere [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Taybet:Lêgerîn"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Lêgerîn</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Amûrên kesane"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Xuyakirin" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Xuyakirin</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku" class=""><span>Bexş bike</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Riha" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye." class=""><span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Riha" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Têkeve</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Zêdetir opsiyon" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Amûrên kesane" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Amûrên kesane</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ku.wikipedia.org&uselang=ku"><span>Bexş bike</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CreateAccount&returnto=Riha" title="Em pêşniyar dikin ku tu ji xwe re hesabek çêbikî û bi wê hesabê têkevî, lêbelê ev ne mecbûrî ye."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Hesabekî çêke</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UserLogin&returnto=Riha" title="Têketina we dê baş be; lê belê, lê pêwîstî tune ye. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Têkeve</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Rûpelên ji bo edîtorên derketî <a href="/wiki/Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE:Gav%C3%AAn_p%C3%AA%C5%9F%C3%AEn" aria-label="Di derbarê guhartinê de zêdetir hîn bibe"><span>Zêdetir hîn bibe</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyContributions" title="Lîsteyeke guhartinên ji vê IP adresê [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Beşdariyên min</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Malper"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Naverok" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Naverok</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Destpêk</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Nav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Nav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dîrok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dîrok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dîrok</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dîrok-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Dîrok bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dîrok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pêşdîrok" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pêşdîrok"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pêşdîrok</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pêşdîrok-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dîroka_kevnar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dîroka_kevnar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dîroka kevnar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dîroka_kevnar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Serdema_Medan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_Medan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Serdema Medan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_Medan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_Romayiyan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_Romayiyan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Serdema Romayiyan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_Romayiyan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_dereng_a_kevnar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_dereng_a_kevnar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Serdema dereng a kevnar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_dereng_a_kevnar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_navîn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_navîn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Serdema navîn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_navîn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Serdema_eyûbiyan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_eyûbiyan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Serdema eyûbiyan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_eyûbiyan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serdema_nûjen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serdema_nûjen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Serdema nûjen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serdema_nûjen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kronolojî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kronolojî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Kronolojî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kronolojî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Berê_zayînê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Berê_zayînê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>Berê zayînê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Berê_zayînê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Piştê_zayînê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Piştê_zayînê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>Piştê zayînê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Piştê_zayînê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Erdnîgarî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Erdnîgarî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Erdnîgarî</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Erdnîgarî-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Erdnîgarî bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Erdnîgarî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ciyên_dîrokî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciyên_dîrokî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ciyên dîrokî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciyên_dîrokî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çiyayên_herêmê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çiyayên_herêmê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Çiyayên herêmê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çiyayên_herêmê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deşt,_zozan,_gelî_û_ajal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deşt,_zozan,_gelî_û_ajal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Deşt, zozan, gelî û ajal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deşt,_zozan,_gelî_û_ajal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çem_û_gol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çem_û_gol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Çem û gol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çem_û_gol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Avhewa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Avhewa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Avhewa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Avhewa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aborî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aborî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Aborî</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aborî-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Aborî bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aborî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Serwetên_bin_erdê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serwetên_bin_erdê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Serwetên bin erdê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serwetên_bin_erdê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çand_û_huner" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çand_û_huner"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Çand û huner</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Çand_û_huner-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Binêbeşa Çand û huner bigire/veke</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Çand_û_huner-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ol_û_civak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ol_û_civak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Ol û civak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ol_û_civak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xwarinên_herêmê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xwarinên_herêmê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Xwarinên herêmê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xwarinên_herêmê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aqît_(reçela_îsotê_sor)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aqît_(reçela_îsotê_sor)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>Aqît (reçela îsotê sor)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aqît_(reçela_îsotê_sor)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kincên_herêmê" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kincên_herêmê"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Kincên herêmê</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kincên_herêmê-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çûnûhatin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çûnûhatin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Çûnûhatin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çûnûhatin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navdarên_bajêr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navdarên_bajêr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Navdarên bajêr</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navdarên_bajêr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çavkanî" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çavkanî"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Çavkanî</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çavkanî-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Girêdanên_derve" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Girêdanên_derve"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Girêdanên derve</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Girêdanên_derve-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Naverok" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tabloya naverokê bigre/veke</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Riha</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Here gotareke bi zimanekî din. Bi 85 zimanan heye." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bi 85 zimanên din</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9" title="أورفة – erebî" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أورفة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="erebî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="اورفه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اورفه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanliurfa" title="Sanliurfa – astûrî" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sanliurfa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astûrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Урфа – avarî" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Урфа" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – azerî" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7" title="شانلی‌اورفا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شانلی‌اورفا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – başkîrî" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="başkîrî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%9E%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыўрфа – belarusî" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шанлыўрфа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыюрфа – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Шанлыюрфа" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлъурфа – bulgarî" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Шанлъурфа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – bretonî" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – katalanî" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлиурфа – çeçenî" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Шанлиурфа" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="çeçenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Şanlıurfa (kapital sa lalawigan) – sebwanoyî" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Şanlıurfa (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebwanoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%D8%AD%D8%A7" title="ڕحا – soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕحا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – çekî" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="çekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – weylsî" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="weylsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – danmarkî" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danmarkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – almanî" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="almanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%B1ha" title="Rıha – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Rıha" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CF%86%CE%B1" title="Σανλιούρφα – yewnanî" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σανλιούρφα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="yewnanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – îngilîzî" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="îngilîzî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – esperantoyî" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperantoyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanliurfa" title="Sanliurfa – spanî" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sanliurfa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – baskî" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="شانلی‌اورفه – farisî" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شانلی‌اورفه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="farisî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – fînî" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – fransî" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%8A%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8A%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="شانلي‌اۊرفه – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="شانلي‌اۊرفه" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%94" title="אורפה – îbranî" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורפה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="îbranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – sorbiya jorîn" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="sorbiya jorîn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_(telep%C3%BCl%C3%A9s)" title="Şanlıurfa (település) – mecarî" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Şanlıurfa (település)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mecarî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%BC%D5%B0%D5%A1" title="Ուռհա – ermenî" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուռհա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ermenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%BC%D5%B0%D5%A1" title="Ուռհա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Ուռհա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanli_Urfa" title="Sanli Urfa – endonezî" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sanli Urfa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="endonezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – îtalî" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="îtalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1" title="シャンルウルファ – japonî" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャンルウルファ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – javayî" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90" title="შანლიურფა – gurcî" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შანლიურფა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gurcî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – qazaxî" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="qazaxî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%A8%EB%A5%B4%EC%9A%B0%EB%A5%B4%ED%8C%8C" title="샨르우르파 – koreyî" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샨르우르파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edessa" title="Edessa – latînî" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Edessa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – lîtwanî" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lîtwanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anliurfa" title="Šanliurfa – latviyayî" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Šanliurfa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latviyayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – mokşayî" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokşayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – mînangkabawî" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="mînangkabawî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – malezî" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malezî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%87" title="شانلی‌اورفه – mazenderanî" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شانلی‌اورفه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenderanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_(stad)" title="Şanlıurfa (stad) – holendî" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Şanlıurfa (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holendî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – norwecî (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norwecî (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – norwecî (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norwecî (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%C3%A6" title="Шанлыурфæ – osetî" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Шанлыурфæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – polonî" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%81" title="شانلی اورفہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شانلی اورفہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A7" title="شانلي اورفا – peştûyî" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شانلي اورفا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="peştûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – portugalî" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – romanî" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – rûsî" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rûsî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – kînyariwandayî" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kînyariwandayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – skotî" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – slovakî" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – slovenî" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanll%C3%ABurfa" title="Shanllëurfa – elbanî" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shanllëurfa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="elbanî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлијурфа – sirbî" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шанлијурфа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sirbî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – swêdî" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="swêdî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – swahîlî" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahîlî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлиурфа – tacikî" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шанлиурфа" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tacikî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2" title="ชันลืออูร์ฟา – tayî" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชันลืออูร์ฟา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0anlyurfa" title="Šanlyurfa – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Šanlyurfa" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – tirkî" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tirkî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – teterî" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="teterî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлыурфа – udmurtî" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шанлыурфа" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Шанлиурфа – ukraynî" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шанлиурфа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraynî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%81" title="شانلی اورفہ – urdûyî" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شانلی اورفہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdûyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanliurfa" title="Shanliurfa – ozbekî" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shanliurfa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ozbekî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – viyetnamî" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="viyetnamî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urfa" title="Urfa – warayî" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Urfa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warayî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E5%8B%92%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95" title="尚勒乌尔法 – çîniya wuyî" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尚勒乌尔法" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="çîniya wuyî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E5%8B%92%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%95" title="尚勒烏爾法 – çînî" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尚勒烏爾法" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="çînî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" title="Şanlıurfa – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Şanlıurfa" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%88%BE%E6%B3%95" title="烏爾法 – kantonî" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="烏爾法" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133118#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Girêdanên navzimanî sererast bike" class="wbc-editpage">Girêdanan biguhêre</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Valahiya nav"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Riha" title="Li rûpela naverokê binêre [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Gotar</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAj:Riha" rel="discussion" title="Gotûbêj li ser rûpela naverokê [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Gotûbêj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Varyanta zimanî biguhêre" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kurdî/کوردی</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-ku mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&variant=ku" lang="ku" hreflang="ku"><span>Kurdî/کوردی</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-ku-Arab mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&variant=ku-arab" lang="ku-Arab" hreflang="ku-Arab"><span>Tîpên erebî</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-ku-Latn mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&variant=ku-latn" lang="ku-Latn" hreflang="ku-Latn"><span>Tîpên latînî</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Dîtin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Riha"><span>Bixwîne</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit" title="Vê rûpelê biguhêre [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit" title="Koda çavkaniya vê rûpelê biguhêre [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=history" title="Guhartoyên berê yên vê rûpelê [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Dîrokê bibîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Amûrên rûpelê"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Qutiya amûran" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Qutiya amûran</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Amûr</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Aksiyon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Riha"><span>Bixwîne</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit" title="Vê rûpelê biguhêre [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit" title="Koda çavkaniya vê rûpelê biguhêre [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=history"><span>Dîrokê bibîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Giştî </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:Gir%C3%AAdan%C3%AAn_li_ser_vir/Riha" title="Lîsteya hemû rûpelên ku pê ve girêdayî ne [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Girêdanên li ser vê rûpelê</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:RecentChangesLinked/Riha" rel="nofollow" title="Guhartinên dawî di rûpelên ku ji vê rûpelê ve hatine girêdan de [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Guhartinên têkildar</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ku" title="Dosyeyan bar bike [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Wêneyekî bar bike</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Taybet:SpecialPages" title="Lîsteya hemû rûpelên taybetî [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Rûpelên taybet</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&oldid=1857391" title="Lînka daîmî yê ji bo vê revizyona rûpelê"><span>Girêdana daîmî</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=info" title="Bêhtir agahî di derbarê vê rûpelê de"><span>Agahiyên rûpelê</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:CiteThisPage&page=Riha&id=1857391&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Agahdariya li ser qalkirina rûpelê"><span>Qalkirina rûpelê bibîne</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRiha"><span>URLya kurt çêke</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fku.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FRiha"><span>Koda QRyê daxîne</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Çap bike/derxîne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taybet:DownloadAsPdf&page=Riha&action=show-download-screen"><span>Wek PDF daxe</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="Guhartoya çapkirinê ya vê rûpelê [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Guhartoya çapkirinê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Di projeyên din de </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q133118" title="Girêdana ji hêmana eleqedar yê di embara daneyan de re [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Hêmana Wîkîdaneyê</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Amûrên rûpelê"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Xuyakirin"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Xuyakirin</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">Here menuya kêlekê</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">veşêre</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" style="font-size:11px;text-indent:0;text-transform:none;white-space:nowrap"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ku&pagename=Riha&params=37_10_02_N_38_47_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê"><span class="latitude">37°10′02″Bk</span> <span class="longitude">38°47′45″Rh</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê">37.16722°Bk 38.79583°Rh</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.16722; 38.79583</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Ji Wîkîpediya, ensîklopediya azad.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ku" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1122105">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1121466">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Riha</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Bajarê mezin</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>Şanlıurfa</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1650764/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:262px;max-width:262px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:193px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l,_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg/258px-Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg/387px-Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg/516px-Bal%C4%B1kl%C4%B1g%C3%B6l%2C_%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:127px;max-width:127px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Urfa_Castle_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/125px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/188px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/250px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4536" data-file-height="3126" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div style="height:86px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg/129px-Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg/194px-Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg/258px-Mevlid-i_Halil_Mosque_08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4942" data-file-height="3294" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:260px;max-width:260px"><div style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg/258px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg/387px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg/516px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Castle_view_of_museum_park_5253.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8256" data-file-height="5504" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Bajarê Rihayê</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><div class="center"><div style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Riha li ser nexşeya Riha nîşan dide"><img alt="Riha li ser nexşeya Riha nîşan dide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg/250px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg/375px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg/500px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_harita.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:57.949%;left:41.943%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-3px;top:-3px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Riha"><img alt="Riha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:4px;text-align:left"><div style="display:inline;padding:1px;float:left">Riha</div></div></div></div><div></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Nexşeya <b>Rihayê</b> nîşan bide</span></div></div></div><div class="center"><div style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Riha li ser nexşeya Bakurê Kurdistanê nîşan dide"><img alt="Riha li ser nexşeya Bakurê Kurdistanê nîşan dide" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ku/thumb/b/b6/Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/250px-Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ku/thumb/b/b6/Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/375px-Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ku/thumb/b/b6/Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/500px-Nex%C5%9Feya_cihan_Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="661" /></a></span><div style="position:absolute;top:73.868%;left:35.238%"><div style="position:absolute;left:-3px;top:-3px;line-height:0"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Riha"><img alt="Riha" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div style="font-size:90%;line-height:110%;position:absolute;width:6em;top:-0.75em;left:4px;text-align:left"><div style="display:inline;padding:1px;float:left">Riha</div></div></div></div><div></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Nexşeya <b>Bakurê Kurdistanê</b> nîşan bide</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Koordînat: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=ku&pagename=Riha&params=37_10_2_N_38_47_45_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê"><span class="latitude">37°10′2″Bk</span> <span class="longitude">38°47′45″Rh</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Nexşe, wêneyên hewayî û daneyên din jî ji bo vê cihê">37.16722°Bk 38.79583°Rh</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.16722; 38.79583</span></span></span></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Welat</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dewlet</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tirkiye" title="Tirkiye">Tirkiye</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parêzgeh</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Riha_(par%C3%AAzgeh)" title="Riha (parêzgeh)">Riha (parêzgeh)</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Serbajar</th><td class="infobox-data">Riha</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Hejmara bajarokan</th><td class="infobox-data">5 bajarok</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Hejmara gundan</th><td class="infobox-data">328 gund</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Qada rûerdê<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Giştî</th><td class="infobox-data">3.669 km<sup>2</sup> (1417 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bilindahî<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">530 m (1740 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nifûs<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020" title="2020">2020</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2.115.256<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Serbajar<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/2015" title="2015">2015</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1.100.000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Koda postayê</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">63xxx</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Koda telefonê</th><td class="infobox-data">(+90) 414</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data mergedtoprow"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 280px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="280" data-height="250" data-zoom="9" data-overlays="["_5c1d99b82debf0201cc9ea9f65e99e20ba562964"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,280x250.png?lang=ku&domain=ku.wikipedia.org&title=Riha&revid=1857391&groups=_5c1d99b82debf0201cc9ea9f65e99e20ba562964" width="280" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,9,a,a,280x250@2x.png?lang=ku&domain=ku.wikipedia.org&title=Riha&revid=1857391&groups=_5c1d99b82debf0201cc9ea9f65e99e20ba562964 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:80%; float:left;"><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555">biguhêre</span></a></span><span style="float:right;" title="Şablon:Agahîdank wargeh/navçe"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Agah%C3%AEdank_wargeh/nav%C3%A7e" title="Belge"><img alt="Belge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Riha</b> (bi <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_tirk%C3%AE" title="Zimanê tirkî">tirkî</a>: <span lang="tr">Şanlıurfa</span>) bajêr ji serdema helenîstîk heya serdema xiristiyaniyê wekî <b>Edessa</b> hatiye zanîn bajarekî <a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a> ye ku navenda rêveberiya parêzgeha <a href="/wiki/Riha_(par%C3%AAzgeh)" title="Riha (parêzgeh)">Rihayê</a> ye. Bajarê Rihayê bi qasî 80 kîlomêtre li rojhilatê <a href="/wiki/Firat" title="Firat">Çemê Firatê</a> û li ser deşteke berfireh hatiye avakirin. </p><p>Nêzîkî 12 kîlomêtre li bakurê rojhilatê bajêr cihê neolîtîk a navdar <a href="/wiki/Gir%C3%AA_Mirazan" title="Girê Mirazan">Girê Mirazan</a> cih digire ku Girê Mirazan perestgeha herî kevnê naskirî ya cîhanê ye û di hezarsala 10ê berî zayînê de hatiye damezrandin. Dever beşek ji toreke ji niştecihên yekem ên mirovî ye ku şoreşa çandiniyê lê pêk hatiye. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nav">Nav</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Beşê biguhêre: Nav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Nav"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Çîroka navê Rihayê wek dîroka bajêr tevlihev û kûr e. Navê kevin yê bajêr <a href="/wiki/Edessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Edessa">Edessa</a> ye, ji <a href="/wiki/Serdema_helen%C3%AEst%C3%AE" title="Serdema helenîstî">serdema helenîstî</a>. Ev nav heta salê 300 berî zayinê dirêj dibe û ji dema <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Seleuk%C3%AE" title="Împeratoriya Seleukî">Împeratoriya Seleukî</a> maye. Navê <i>Edessa</i> ji aliyê <a href="/wiki/Seleukos_I_Nikator" class="mw-redirect" title="Seleukos I Nikator">Seleukos I Nikator</a> ve li bajêr hatiye danîn. Di dema qiralê <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%AEoxos_IV_Epiphan%C3%AAs" class="mw-redirect" title="Antîoxos IV Epiphanês">Antîoxos IV Epiphanês</a> navê xwe li bajêr kirîbe jî, demeke şun ve navê wî hatiye jibîrkirin. Padîşahê seleukî Antîoxos IV Epiphanês navê xwe li bajêr kir ("Antîoxeia", bi <a href="/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_yewnaniya_kevn" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimanê yewnaniya kevn">yewnaniya kevn</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἀντιόχεια</span>, <small style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AEpguh%C3%AAziya_lat%C3%AEn%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Tîpguhêziya latînî">lat.</a> </small><i><span title="yewnaniya kevn transliteration" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">Antiókheia</span></i>), lê ev nav piştî mirina wî hate ji bîr kirin. </p><p>Li ser navê îro yanî li ser peyva Rihayê gelek îdîa hene. Li gorî nezariyekî peyva Rihayê ji zimanê suryanî ji peyva <i>Orha</i> yan <i>Orihaî</i> tê.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herwiha hinek kes navê Rihayê bi peyva yewnanî <i>Osruan</i>, hinek kes jî bi peyva latînî <i>Urfayva</i> ve girê didin. Piştre nav bajêr wekî Rihayê hatiye guhertin.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dîrok"><span id="D.C3.AErok"></span>Dîrok</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Beşê biguhêre: Dîrok" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Dîrok"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pêşdîrok"><span id="P.C3.AA.C5.9Fd.C3.AErok"></span>Pêşdîrok</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Beşê biguhêre: Pêşdîrok" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Pêşdîrok"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg/220px-Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg/330px-Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg/440px-Urfa_Adam%C4%B1_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5152" data-file-height="3864" /></a><figcaption>Mirovê Rihayê (9000 salê berê zayînê) li Muzexaneya Rihayê.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe,_Urfa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg/220px-G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg/330px-G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg/440px-G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe%2C_Urfa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Perestgeha <a href="/wiki/Gir%C3%AA_Mirazan" title="Girê Mirazan">Girê Mirazan</a>, (8000 berê zayînê) gundê Xirabreşkê, Riha.</figcaption></figure> <p>Li bajêr du cihên neolîtîkên wekê <a href="/wiki/Newala_%C3%87or%C3%AE" title="Newala Çorî">Newala Çorî</a> û <a href="/wiki/Gir%C3%AA_Mirazan" title="Girê Mirazan">Girê Mirazan</a> heye ku dîroka wan ji sedsala 10ê <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> ve vedigere. Niştecihbûnên li herêmê li dora 9000 berî zayînê wekî şûnwarên neolîtîk ên <a href="/wiki/Neol%C3%AEt%C3%AEka_A_ya_ber%C3%AE_Cervaniy%C3%AA" title="Neolîtîka A ya berî Cervaniyê">Neolîtîka A ya berî Cervaniyê</a> li nêzîkî Hewza Îbrahîm (Gola Masiyan) derketiye holê. </p><p>Di van salên dawî de di lêgerînên arkeolojîk ên ku li Rihayê hatiye kirin qadên arkeolojîk li pey hev hatine dîtin ku di derbarê dîroka mirovahiyê de agahiyên girîng hatine bidestxistin. Peykerê pêşdîrokî yê bi awayê mirovan a bi navê Mirovê Rihayê di encama lêgerîna ku di sala 1993an de li navenda bajêr hatiye kirin li bakurê <a href="/wiki/Gola_Masiyan,_Riha" title="Gola Masiyan, Riha">Gola Masiyan</a> a îro hatiye hatiye dîtin. Dîroka peykerê Mirova Rihayê digihîje bicihbûna mirovên yekemên li navenda bajarê Rihayê ya berî zayînê ku dîrok ji serdema neolîtîkê ji 9500 salê berê zayînê vedigere. </p><p>Di lêkolînên ku di sala 1997an de li Girê Mirazan ku bi qasî 22 kîlomêtre li bakurê rojhilatê navenda bajarê Rihayê ye, di kolandinan de hatiye bidestxistin ku yek ji perestgehên herî kevn ên mirovahiyê ye. Fîgurên mirovan, dest û mil, ajalên cûrbecûr û sembolên razber li ser kevirên bilind ên çikandî ku li hember hev hatine danîn, bi awayeke relyef an neqş hatine xêzkirin. </p><p>Tê fikirîn ku ev kompozîsyon çîrok, vegotinek yan jî peyamekê rave dike. Girê Mirazan wekî navendek çandê tê pênase kirin, ne cihê runiştgehek. Tê texmînkirin ku ev perestgeh ji aliyê komên nêçîrvan ên dawîn ên ku nêzîkî çandinî û sewalkariyê bûne hatine çêkirin. Girê Mirazan ji bo komên nêçîrvan-berhevkar ên li derdorê ku xwedî pergaleke bawerî ya pir pêşketî û kûr bûne navendek çandî ya girîng bûye. Di derbarê Girê Mirazan de îdiakirin ku bikaranîna herî pêşîn a herêmê ye ku diroka perestgehê vedigere Qonaxa A ya Serdema Neolîtîk a Berî Dîzkariyê (9600-7300 <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr>) yan jî herî kêm vedigere 11600 salên beriya niha. Tê texmînkirin ku bikaranîna Girê Mirazan wekî navendeke baweriyê heya berî zayînê li dor 8 hezar salê berdewam kiriye û piştî vê serdemê hatiye terikandin ku ji bo armancên din an jî ji bo armancên baweriyê nehatiye bikaranîn.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dîroka_kevnar"><span id="D.C3.AEroka_kevnar"></span>Dîroka kevnar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Beşê biguhêre: Dîroka kevnar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Dîroka kevnar"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Îro navçeya Heranê ku 45 kîlomêtre dûrî bajêr e lewheyên ku bi tîpên bizmarî hatine nivîsandin û dîroka wan ji 2000 salê <abbr title="berî zayînê">b.z.</abbr> vedigere hatine dîtin. Di nav van lewheyan de belgeyek heye ku diyar dike ku li Harranê di Perestgeha Sîn de peymanek hatiye çêkirin. Mezopotamya yek ji navendên herî girîng ên baweriya pagan bû ku li wir perestgehên xwedayê heyvê Sin û xwedayê rojê Utu hebûn. Peymana ku di navbera hîtîtî û mîtanniyan de di nîveka hezarsala 2ê berî zayînê de li Herranê hatiye çêkirin, xwedawendê heyvê Sîn û xwedawendê rojê Utu wekî şahid hatine nîşandan. Piştî vê yekê, <a href="/wiki/Herran" title="Herran">Herran</a> di lewheyên Babîl, Hîtît û Suryaniyan de gelek caran derbas bûye. Li gorî tabletên suryanî, hûrî û mîtanî ev herêm beriya zayînê di sala 2000an de cihê ku lê bi cih bûne bûye. Niştecihbûna aramî ku bav û kalên asûriyan e li herêmê hevdem e bi serdema ku piştî sedsala 11an a berî zayînê ji <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya">Mezopotamyayê</a> koçî ber bi bakur ve dibin û li seranserê herdu peravên Firatê dewleta Bit-Adînî ava dikin. Harran di sala 857an a berî zayînê de bi Împeratoriya Asûriyan ve hatiye girêdan. </p><p>Di sala 722 berî zayînê de qiralê asûrî Sargon II dewleta Îsraîlê dagir dike û cihûya sirgûnî Mezopotamya û Herranê dike ku herêm cara yekem bi civaka cihû re hevdîtinan pêk tîne. Di encama vê bûyera ku bi navê Sirgûniya Babîlê derbasî dîrokê bûye li bajarên Mezopotamyayê koloniyên cihûyan hatine avakirin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serdema_Medan">Serdema Medan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema Medan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema Medan"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum,_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg/220px-A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg/330px-A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg/440px-A_Mede_King_relief_in_Louvre_Museum%2C_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="558" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Rolyefa qiralekî <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medî</a> li Muzexaneya Louvre ya Parîsê.</figcaption></figure> <p>Êrîşên asûriyan ên di dîrokên cihêreng de ku li hemberê medan pêk anîne dibe sedema şerên di navbera med û asûriyan de. Bi hevkariya <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">Med</a> û <a href="/wiki/Kildan%C3%AE" title="Kildanî">Kildaniyan</a> di sala 609 berî zayînê de piştî girtina <a href="/wiki/N%C3%AEnova" class="mw-redirect" title="Nînova">Nînovayê</a> ku paytexta Împeratoriya Asûriyan bû, padîşahê dawî yê asûrî Asur-Uballit II xwe spartiye <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keleha_Harran%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keleha Harranê (rûpel hê tune)">Keleha Harranê</a> Împeratoriya Asûriyan sê salên din jî li wir berdewam dike. Di sala 612ê berî zayînê de Împeratoriya Asûrî bi temamî hatiye rûxandin û Herran di dikeve bin serweriya Med û Kildaniyan. </p><p>Di sala 539ê berî zayînê de ji ber ku farisan serweriya keldaniyan bi dawî kirin û Împeratoriya Babîlan ji holê rakir, <a href="/wiki/Herran" title="Herran">Herran</a> dikeve destê Persan. Cihûyên ku di sala 722 berî zayînê li Mezopotamyayê bi cih dibin şahê persan Daryûs I sirgûnkirina cihûyan bi dawî dike û destûr dide ku vegerin welatê xwe lê hinek cihû li <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya">Mezopotamya</a> û li <a href="/wiki/Herran" title="Herran">Herranê</a> dimînin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serdema_Romayiyan">Serdema Romayiyan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema Romayiyan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema Romayiyan"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Abgarê Mezin piştê ku di sala 212an de dimire û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abgar_IX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abgar IX (rûpel hê tune)">Abgar IX</a> ku jê re Severusa Romayê (wekî nîşana bandora Romayê) dihate gotin, ji bo desthilatdariyê dikeve cihê wî. Abgar IX tenê salekê padîşah dike û di 213an de împarator Caracalla gaziyê wî yê Romayê dike wî li wir dikuje. Di sala 214an de Caracalla Edessa koloniyek Romayê diyar dike û bi fermî xweseriya bajêr bi dawî dike. Kurê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abgar_IX&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abgar IX (rûpel hê tune)">Abgar IX</a> ku bi navê Ma'nu IX dihat zanîn, dixuye ku heya sala 240an padîşahî kiriye. Diyar e ku padîşah di demekê monarşiyê de vegeriyaye ser desthilatdariyê û tê dîtin ku Abgar IX heya sala 248an dema ku împerator Filîposê Ereb piştî serhildana Edessa wî sirgûn kiriye padîşah bû.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di sala 260an de împeratorê sasanî <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eep%C3%BBr_I" title="Şepûr I">Şepûr I</a> di şerê <a href="/wiki/Edessa" class="mw-redirect" title="Edessa">Edessa</a> de romayiyan têk bir û împerator dîl digire.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lêbelê dibe ku Şepûr bi rastî tu carî bajar negirtiye an jî wî ew ji bo demek pir kin girtiye - ew di nav bajarên ku wî di nivîsa xwe ya li ser Ka'ba-ye Zertoşt de girtiye de nehatiye diyar kirin û di paşiya şer de neçar dimîne ku bertîl bide garnîzona Edessayê ku leşkerê wî bê asteng derbas bibe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di encama ji nû ve organîzekirina împeratoriyê ya <a href="/wiki/Diocletianus" title="Diocletianus">Diocletian</a> de di sala 293an de li Edessa kargehek dewletê hatiye avakirin ku ji bo leşkerên ku li ser sinor bi cih bûne çek û alavan çêbike.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 298an de, piştî serkeftina <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galerius_Maximianus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galerius Maximianus (rûpel hê tune)">Galerius Maximianus</a> li hemberê sasaniyan, Edessa dibe paytexta parêzgeha nû yê Osrhoeneyê. Her çend di sîstema wan de piştî <a href="/w/index.php?title=N%C3%AEs%C3%AEb%C3%AEs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nîsîbîs (rûpel hê tune)">Nîsîbîsê</a> di rêza duyem de be jî lê <i>lîmîsên</i> <a href="/wiki/Mezopotamya" title="Mezopotamya">Mezopotamyayê</a> (sîstema diyarkirin sinorê romayiyan) wekî baregehên leşkerî bû.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_dereng_a_kevnar">Serdema dereng a kevnar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema dereng a kevnar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema dereng a kevnar"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di sedsalên 4 û 6ê <abbr title="piştî zayînê">p.z.</abbr> de Edessa di serdema xwe ya herî aramî derbas dike. Bajêr dîsa dibe navendek bazirganî ya girîng û bazirgan li ser bazirganiya tiştên luks ên ku ji rojhilat tên nemaze ji ber bazirganiya hevrîşimê dewlemend dibin. Mîna demên paşerojê li bajêr meclîsek ji hemwelatiyên navdar hebû ku bi kêmî ve beşek berpirsiyarê hikûmet û rêveberiya herêmî bûn. Di sedsala 5em de li Edessa sê dibistanên bawerî yên cuda hebûn ku di nav de dibistana suryaniyan (girêdayî Patrîkxaneya Antakyayê) û dibistana navdar a farisan (ku mamosteyên dibistanê ne faris bûn lê endamên Dêra Rojhilat bûn). Di sala 489an de dibistana farisan hatiye girtin û xebatkarên dibistanê dişînin Nisibisê. Di vê serdemê de li bajêr gelek dêr û li herêmê manastir hebûn. Li derveyî dîwarên bajêr gelek nexweşxane û navendên dermankirinan hebûn.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dema ku împeratorê romê Jovian di sala 363 de Nîsîbîsê radestê sasaniyan dike pêleke penaberan hatiye Edessa ku di nav wan de gelek xiristiyan jî hebûn. Yek ji van penaberan nivîskar û teolog Efremê Suryanî bû ku hev-avakarê Dibistana Farisan a li Edessayê bû. Li gorî T.A. Sinclair her ku xirîstiyanî li Edessa zêdetir hebûna xwe bi dest dixin paganên gerestêrkperest her ku diçe koçê <a href="/wiki/Herran" title="Herran">Herranê</a> dibin.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di destpêka sedsala 6an de golek piçûk li aliyê rojavayê bajêr çêdibe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 525an de ji ber lehîyê beşek ji dîwarê rojavayê bajêr ji ber lehîyê tê hilweşandin bajêr hinek zirar dibîne.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştre li aliyê bakur û rojhilatê bajêr xendek kûr hatine kolandin ku weke qenala lehiyê bimîne. Di hewaya normal de, bendaveke nizm ê Çemê Daysan di rêça xwe de dihêlê lê ger bendav bi ser bikeve, ew dem ava lehiyê bi vê qenala çêkirî di nav bajêr re diherike. Bi demê re ev qenala çêkirî dibe rêça normal ya çem.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Edessa di sala 544an de di dema dorpêçkirinê de bi awayeke serkevtî xilas dibe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lê di sala 609an de, împeratorê sasanî Xosrow II di dema berfirehkirina xwe ya li Mezopotamyayê de Edessayê digire.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gelek monofizîtên bajêr sirgûnî Îranê têne kirin. Careke din dîsa di sala 628an de împeratorê bîzansê Herakleyos Edessayê distîne.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hatiye îdîakirin ku bajêr di sala 639an de bê berxwedan radestê serleşkerê Raşîdûn Îyad îbn Ganm bûye.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çend versiyonên şertên radestkirinê di çavkaniyên dîrokî de cih digirin ku tê de tê gotin ku <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ar_Xel%C3%AEfe" title="Çar Xelîfe">Raşîdûn</a> li bajêr rê û pirên bajêr jinûve nûjen bike.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di sedsalên destpêkê yên desthilatdariya ereban de bi taybetî di dema desthilatdariya emewiyan de, Riha hê jî bajarekî sereke yê xiristiyaniyê bû.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di wî demê de bajêr beşek ji parêzgeha Diyarê Midar bû.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li bajêr 300 an jî 360 dêr hebûn û gelek manastir hebûn. Nifûsa bajêr bi piranî ortodoksên sûrî bûn lê bi hindikahîyên girîng melkîtî, cihû û hinekî misliman li bajêr hebûn.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_navîn"><span id="Serdema_nav.C3.AEn"></span>Serdema navîn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema navîn" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema navîn"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di dema xelîfeyê abasî el-Mensûr de piştî ku waliyê herêmî yê misilman serî hildide dîwarên bajêr hatine hilweşandin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dîwarên kevin berê di sedsalên 7 û 8an de ji ber lehiyan xera bibûn.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 812an de welatiyên Rihayê neçar man ku diravên zêde bidin serhildêrê dijberê ebasî Nasr ibn Şebeth el-Uqeylî ku ew nehêle ebasî êrîşî bajêr bikin. Pişt re welatiyan li derdora bajêr dîwarên nû yên parastinê ava dikin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her çend bi nûvekirinên paşîn re eleqedar be jî dîwar û bircên ku îro têne xuyakirin girêdayî vê hewildana nûavakirinê ne. Keleha bajêr îhtîmal heye ku bi lêzêdekirina xendekeke li aliyê başûr di heman demê de dest pê kiriye.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di bihara sala 943 de artêşa bîzansî li <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezopotamya_Jor%C3%AEn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezopotamya Jorîn (rûpel hê tune)">Mezopotamya Jorîn</a> seferan da destpêkirin ku çend bajar bi dest xistin û xwestin ku Rihayê jî desteser bikin yan jî li gorî <a href="/w/index.php?title=Symeon_Magister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symeon Magister (rûpel hê tune)">Symeon Magister</a>, bajêr bi tevahî dorpêç dikin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bîzansiyan daxwaz kirin ku <i>mandylion</i> (perçeyeke cil e ku tê bawerkirin ku sûretê Îsa pêxember lê derketiye) ku heya niha emaneteke navdar a xiristiyaniyê ye, radestî împerator were kirin. Di berdêla vê yekê de dê bajêr neyê desteserkirin û 200 girtiyên misilman serbest bihatana berdan.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bi destûra xelîfe Mutteqî, gelê Edessa <i>mandilyon</i> radestê bîzansiyan dikin û bi bîzansiyan re peymaneke aşîtiyê îmze dikin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/220px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/330px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/440px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1709" data-file-height="705" /></a><figcaption>Mînyatora ji Dîroka John Skylitzes nîşan dide ku George Maniakes Edessayê li dijî êrîşên Nasr ad-Dewle diparêze.</figcaption></figure> <p>Maniakes bi kê re niqaşe kiribe jî, hêzên bîzansî kontrola hinek kelehan bi dest xistin lê ne yên mayî yên bajêr.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bi temamî ne diyar e ka Maniakes kîjan beşan xistibû bin kontrola xwe - Skylitzes diyar kiriye ku Maniakes xwediyê "sê bircên pir zexmkirî" bû lê danasîna wî ya erdnîgariya Edessa bi tevahî nerast e û eşkere ye ku ew bi xwe tu carî neçûbû bajêr. Dîroknas Mateosê Edessayî ku pêbawertir e, behsa "sê keleha" dike ku li gorî Tara Andrews, keleha jorîn divê yek ji wan kelehan be.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li gorî T.A. Sinclair, Maniakes berê xwe dabû ser keleha jorîn.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di zivistana de heman salê de, Nasr ed-Dewle bi artêşekê hatiye û xwestiye ku bîzansiyan derxîne. Nasr ed-Dewle hewl dide ku çeperên bîzansiyan dorpêç bike lê bi ser neket piştre biryar dide ku bajar talan bike.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nasr ed-Dewle aavahiyên bajêr hilwdiweşîne, agir bi bajêr dixe û bi bi hêştiran tiştên giranbiha hildigire û bi xwe re dibe. Li gorî Skylitzes, Maniakes dîsa dikare wê gavê kelehê bi dest bixe û bi gazîkirina hêzên derve tevahiya bajêr ewlehî bike.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di meha gulana sala 1036an de mîrê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Numeyr%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Numeyrî (rûpel hê tune)">Numeyrî</a> Ibn Weththab bajar talan dike û Edessayê dagir dike lê keleha bajêr di destê garnîzona bîzansê de dimîne.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 1037an de peymana aşitiyê hat îmzekirin ku di bin şert û mercên peymanê de, Edessa rasterast dikeve bin kontrola bîzansê û bajêr careke din dîsa ji nû ve vedigere rewşa aramiya xwe ya berê.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di vê demê de Edessa dibe fermandariyekê girîng a bîzansê ku di bin rêzek katepanos û dûkan de tê bireve birin.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hatiye texmînkirin ku tevahiya herêma li derveyî Firatê ya di bin kontrola "Dûkeya" Edessayê de ji çend kelehên li bakurê çem pêk tê.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di vê demê de "hê jî li bajêr gelek xirîstiyanan jiyan dikirin".<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg/220px-Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg/330px-Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg/440px-Map_County_of_Edessa_1098-1131-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="787" data-file-height="581" /></a><figcaption>Di navbera salên 1098 û 1131ê de nexşeya Rêveberiya Edessayê.</figcaption></figure> <p>Di salên 1065-6 û 1066-7an de ji aliyê serokê tirk Xurasan-Salar ve rastî êrîşan tê.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di 10ê adara 1071ê de bi dorpêçkirina 50 rojan ji bo dagirkirina bajêr Riha ji aliyê serkirdeyê selçûqiyan AlpArslan ve hatiye dorpêçkirin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştî Şerê Milazgirê dihat xwestin ku Edessa radestî selçûqiyan were kirin lê împeratorê bîzansê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Romanos_Diogenes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romanos Diogenes (rûpel hê tune)">Romanos Diogenes</a> ji erk hate avêtin û di nav kaotîka siyasî de katepano Paulus li gel împeratorê nû cih digire.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di sala 1077 û sala 1078an de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_Apokapes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil Apokapes (rûpel hê tune)">Basil Apokapes</a> bajêr dorpêç dike û Edessayê bidest dixe û parêzgerê bîzansê Leo Diabatenos ji karê wî dûr dike.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Basil Apokapes nûnerê Philaretos Brachamios bû ku Philaretos Brachamios nûnerê sereke yê bîzansê bû û li herêmê ji Mereşê hikum dikir lê belê Basil Apokapes jî bi awayekê serbixwe Edessayê birêve dibir.<sup id="cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 1081-1082an de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xusrew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xusrew (rûpel hê tune)">Xusrew</a> bajêr dorpêç dike lê bi ser nakeve.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bajêr ji aliyê kesekî ji qederê saleke bajêr tê bireve birin. Piştre yekî yewnanî wekî parêzgerê bajêr hatiye erkdar kirin û pênasa <i>parakoimomenos</i> li wî hatiye kirin ku pişt re di heman êvarê de ji aliyê karbidestekî bi navê Barsauma ve hatiye kuştin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lêbelê bajêr bi taybetî di rewşek xeternak de bû ku "di navbera du blokên axa uqeyliyan de girtibû" û ew bi taybetî ji ber êrîşên selçûqiyan rewşa bajêr xetere bû. Di sala 1086-7an de siltanê selçûqiyan Yekem Malik Şah di dema dagirkirina Surîyê de serleşkerê xwe Buzan şand da ku bajêr dagir bike. Li gel hewlên dagirkirina selçûqiyan Barsauma sê mehan bajêr diparêze û piştre bajar di adara sala 1087an de ji aliyê selçûqiyan ve hatiye dagirkirin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mîrê numeyriyan Waththab ibn Sabiq di sala 990an de serxwebûna xwe ragihand û Edessayê di destpêka desthilatdariya xwe de dagir dike û pismamê xwe Uteyr wekê parêzgerê bajêr erkdar dike. Uteyr yekê bi navê Ehmed ibn Muhammed wek <i>naib</i> (cîgir) xwe li vir bi cih dike lê paşê ew wî dikuje. Ji ber ku Ehmed ji gelên herêmê re gelek baş bû kuştin wî dibe sedema windabûna populeriya Uteyr di nav gelên herêmê de. Di sala 1025-6an de şêniyên bajêr serî hildidin û serî li mîrê <a href="/wiki/Xanedana_Merwaniyan" title="Xanedana Merwaniyan">Xanedana Merwaniyan</a> a Diyarbekirê didin. Di destpêkê de Nasr Xanedaniya Merwaniyan kesekî bi navê Zengî li Edessayê wek cîgirê xwe destnîşan dikin lê Zengî di sala 1027an de dimire. Di vê navberê de Uteyr hatibû kuştin. Vê carê Xanedaniya Merwaniyan du cîgir erkdar dike ku bi hev re Edessayê kontrol bikin. Yek ji wan kurê Uteyr bpbi tenê bi navê "Ibn Uteyr" dihate naskirin wekî berbirsê keleha mezin tê erkdar kirin û yeka din jî bi navê Şibled-Dewle ji bo ku berpirsiyarê keleha piçûk hatiye erkdar kirin.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di cotmeha sala 1031ê de generalê bîzansî George Maniakes Edessayê zeft dike ku ev yek dibe bidestxistina xaka dawî ya girîng ku ji hêla Împeratoriya Bîzansê ve li ser axa Mezopotamyayê hatiye bidestxistin. Hesabên vê bûyerê ji hev cuda ne. Li gorî vegotineke Îbn Uteyr bi Maniakes re ketibû nava danûstandinan û niyeta xwe yê firotina kelehê jê re gotibû. Tê dîtin ku xwesteka wî ya firotanê ji ber gefa Şibl ad-Dewle bû. Lêbelê li gorî guhertoya John Skylitzes Maniakes bertîl dabû Salman (cîgirê Nasred-Dewle) ku nîvê şevê bajêr radestî wî bike. Di vê rewşê de tê payîn ku Selman yan li ser Îbn Uteyr hinek desthilatdar bûye yan jî wî ji kar derxistiye.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maniakes çend salan berpirsiyariya Edessayê hildigire û li gorî Honigmann û Bosworth bîzansî bi qismî otonom in ku tenê salekê baca salane dişînin Konstantînopolê.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ji aliyê din ve dema ku Skylitzes behsa vê yekê dike ku "Maniakes salane 50 pound [zêr] bacê ji împerator re dişîne" ku Niccolò Zorzi dibêje ku "ev nayê vê wateyê ku Edessa 'ji Bîzansê ji serbixwe be." Keleh di demekê de wekî "Keleha Maniakes" hatiye nas kirin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Serdema_eyûbiyan"><span id="Serdema_ey.C3.BBbiyan"></span>Serdema eyûbiyan</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema eyûbiyan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema eyûbiyan"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png/220px-Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png/330px-Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png/440px-Umar_Farrukh%27s_Salah_ad-Din.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption>Serekê Împeratoriya Eyûbîyan <a href="/wiki/Selahed%C3%AEn%C3%AA_Ey%C3%BBb%C3%AE" title="Selahedînê Eyûbî">Selahedînê Eyûbî</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Selahed%C3%AEn%C3%AA_Ey%C3%BBb%C3%AE" title="Selahedînê Eyûbî">Selahedînê Eyûbî</a> di sala 1182an de piştî dorpêçkirina bajêr Rihayê digire û paşê jî kelehê di demê cûda yek bi yek dorpêç dike bidest dixe.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Piştre Selahedîn Eyûbî Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri tevî Herranê wek waliyê Rihayê erkdar dike. Di serdema Selahedîn de katedrala melkiyan hatiye hilweşandin ku beşek ji bo kela Rihayê wek melzemeyê avahiyê hatiye bikaranîn û hinekî jî dişînin Herranê.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Xanedana_Ey%C3%BBbiyan" title="Xanedana Eyûbiyan">Împeratoriya Eyûbîyan</a> di esasê xwe de wekî "konfederasyona mîrektiyan a xanedaniyê bû ku di bin desthilatdariya mîrekî sereke de yekpar bû. Di dema Selahedîn de, wî mîrektiyekê li Herranê ava kir ku Riha beşek ji vê mîrektiyê bû. Piştî Muzaffar al-Din Gökböri, <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%AErektiya_Herran_%C3%BB_Rihay%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mîrektiya Herran û Rihayê (rûpel hê tune)">Mîrektiya Herran û Rihayê</a> jî di destê birayê Selahedînê Eyûbî Adil de bû ku paşê wek sultanê eyûbiyan bi xwe hikum dike.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di dema desthilatdariya eyûbiyan de bi qasî 24.000 nifûsa Edessayê hebû.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di hezîrana sala 1234an de bajar ji aliyê artêşa sultanê selçûqiyan Kayqubad I ve hatiye dagirkirin û şêniyên bajêr sirgûnî <a href="/wiki/Anatolya" title="Anatolya">Anatolyayê</a> tê kirin lê di nava çar mehan de ji aliyê mîrê eyûbî Kamil ve careke din ji dagirkirina selçûqiyan tê rizgar kirin.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di demek kurt de bi fermana <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamil%C3%AA_Ey%C3%BBb%C3%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamilê Eyûbî (rûpel hê tune)">Kamilê Eyûbî</a> careke din dîsa keleha bajêr tê rizgar kirin û jiyana kelehên tê aram kirin.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serdema_nûjen"><span id="Serdema_n.C3.BBjen"></span>Serdema nûjen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serdema nûjen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Serdema nûjen"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg/220px-Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg/330px-Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg/440px-Balikli_G%C3%B6l_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Dîmenek ji Gola Masiyan, Riha, <a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ji ber pêşveçûna bazirganiyê û hilberîna çandiniyê li bajêr di 1500î aboriya bajêr pêş dikeve.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li gundan "berfirehbûna zeviyên çandinî û niştecihbûyî" zêde dibe ku di encamê de hilberînên zêde gihîştin bazarên bajêr. Di vê navberê de bazirganiya karwanan jî berdewam dike ku çalakiyên bazirganî teşwîq bike – Riha li ser riyên bazirganiyê yên di navbera Îran û Helebê dibe deverek girîng.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ji ber dewlemendiya Rihayê ji ber ku niştecihên bajarên derdorê dikişand nifûsa Rihayê zêde dibe.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 1571an de raporek hikûmetê diyar dike ku piraniya karmendên hikûmetê ku girêdayî rêveberiya parêzgeriya Diyarbekirê ne li Rihayê dijîn.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 1586an de, desthilatdarên osmanî ji herêmên ku berê girêdayî Eyaleta Diyarbekirê bûn, parêzgeha Reqa ava dike û Riha di vê parêzgeha nû de dibe “navenda hêza aborî û siyasî”.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di heman demê de dewlemendiya bajêr bala şêlankar û eşîrên koçer dikişîne ser xwe.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Raporeke ji meha cotmeha sala 1565an nîşan dide ku gundên dewlemend û qelebalix ên li derdora Rihayê ji ber ku têne şêlandin û raporek din a ji meha mijdara sala 1588an nîşan dide ku li herêmê serhildanek mezin a eşîrên bedewiyan rû daye. Li seranserê salên 1500î ev bi piranî pirsgirêkekê herêmên gundewar bû ku Riha ji ber vê yekê bi bandor nedibû. Ev yek di dema Serhildanên Celaliyan de ku di dawiya sedsalê de ku Riha dibe qada şer hatiye guhertin.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di derbarê bajêr de yek ji tomarên dîrokî geroknameya gerokê sedsala 16an <a href="/wiki/Ewliya_%C3%87eleb%C3%AE" title="Ewliya Çelebî">Ewliya Çelebî</a> ye.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Çîroka herî berfireh di sedsala 16an de ji aliyê Ewliya Çelebî ve hatiye nivîsandin ku di dema Hera xwe yê <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan" title="Kurdistan">Kurdistanê</a> de di sala 1646an de çûye bajêr. Ewliya di qeroknamyea xwe de nivîsiye ku 2 hezar û 600 avahî li beşa kelehê ya bajêr hejmartiye û nifûsa giştî ya bajêr 1566 kes texmîn kiriye.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di vê demê de li Rihayê avahiyên ku bi giştî ji kerpîçan hatibûn çêkirin hebûn. Ewliya li bajêr 22 mizgeft, 3 medrese û 3 zawiye tomar kiriye û çend xanên wekî Xana Yêmiş, Xana Deriyê Semset Xana Hecî İbrâhim Xana Deriyê Beg û Xana Sebîl di qeydên xwe de nivîsiye. Her wiha wî nivîsiye ku li bajêr 400 dikan û çend kargeh hene.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Urfa_Castle_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/220px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/330px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Urfa_Castle_02.jpg/440px-Urfa_Castle_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4536" data-file-height="3126" /></a><figcaption>Dîmenek ji Keleha Rihayê.</figcaption></figure> <p>Di heman demê de Ewliya Çelebî nivîsiye ku li Rihayê karxaneyek hebû ku çermê marokîn yê zer ê bi kalîte hatiye hilberandin. Tavernier bal kişandiye ser hilberînên çermê bajêr û aniya ziman ku ligel bajarên <a href="/wiki/Toqad" title="Toqad">Toqad</a> û <a href="/wiki/Amed" title="Amed">Amedê</a> yek ji hilberîna çermên marokîn ên herî baş li bajêr hatiye çêkirin. Riha di vê serdemê de ji bilî hilberînên çermê bi qumaşên xwe yên pembûyê jî navdar bû. </p><p>Di derbarê Rihayê de agahiyên di sala 1700an de kêm in lê tenê yek jêderka qeydên darayî yên Mizgefta Riwvaniye ya nû heye. Ev milkên waqfê yên ku ji mizgeftê re hatine destnîşankirin di nav de dikan, baxçe, aşxane, serşokên giştî û her weha agahdarî di derbarê kirêdaran û kirêyan hene. Li vir, li ber medreseyê baxçê tuyan hebû û her wiha sûkeke geş û hindik cihê vala yê ji bo kirîkirinan hebû.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Li ser bingeha gelek belgeyên aborî û bacê dixuye ku Rihayê di salên 1750an de rastî çend tengasiyan hatiye û li bajêr xizanî çêbûye. Yek ji pirsgirêkên herî zêde şêlandinên berbelav bû ku hem hilberîna çandiniyê li herêmên gundewarî asteng kir û hem jî rê li ber vejandina aborî digirt.<sup id="cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Di sala 1780an de bajêr bi tûşbûneke giran vebayê dikeve ku di encamê de gelek kes mirine.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Di şerê navxweyî yê Sûriyê de bi hezaran penaberên sûrî ku ji ber şer direvin <a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a> û deverên din ên Tirkiyeyê hêjmareke girîngên ji penaberên surî li Rihayê bi cih bûne. </p><p>Riha yek ji bajarên <a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a> ye ku bi alikariya rayedarên dewleta tirk di dema şerê navxweyî ya Sûriyeyê bibû navenda cihadîstên ku li hemberê ereb û kurdên Sûriyê şer kirine.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Li gorî gelek belgeyên ku hatine bîdestxistin bi taybetî endamên <a href="/wiki/DA%C3%8E%C5%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="DAÎŞ">DAÎŞê</a> ku li <a href="/wiki/Rojavay%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Rojavayê Kurdistanê">Rojavayê Kurdistanê</a> li hemberî Kurdan şer dikirin ku di dema şer de birîndar bûne bi talîmatên rayedarên hikûmeta <a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a> ve li nexweşxaneyên Rihayê haine dermankirin.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Riha yek ji bajarên Bakurê Kurdistanê ye ku di sala 2023an de ji ber <a href="/wiki/Erdheja_Gurgum_%C3%BB_D%C3%AElok%C3%AA_2023" title="Erdheja Gurgum û Dîlokê 2023">Erdheja Gurgum û Dîlokê</a> bi bandor bûye ku di erdhejê de 466 avahî hatin xwarê, 4663 kes birîndar dibin û 301 kesan jî jiyana ji dest dane.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kronolojî"><span id="Kronoloj.C3.AE"></span>Kronolojî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Beşê biguhêre: Kronolojî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Kronolojî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Berê_zayînê"><span id="Ber.C3.AA_zay.C3.AEn.C3.AA"></span>Berê zayînê</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Beşê biguhêre: Berê zayînê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Berê zayînê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2000 - 1300 Dema <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AEtan%C3%AE" title="Mîtanî">mîtanî</a> û <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BBr%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Hûrî">hûriyan</a></li> <li>100 - 612 Dema <a href="/wiki/As%C3%BBr%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Asûrî">asûriyan</a></li> <li>612 - 550 Dema <a href="/wiki/Med" title="Med">medan</a></li> <li>550 - 332 Dema <a href="/wiki/Pers" class="mw-redirect" title="Pers">persan</a></li> <li>332 - 313 Dema <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makedoniyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makedoniyan (rûpel hê tune)">makedoniyan</a></li> <li>132 hikumdariya <a href="/wiki/Osroene" class="mw-redirect" title="Osroene">Osroene</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Piştê_zayînê"><span id="Pi.C5.9Ft.C3.AA_zay.C3.AEn.C3.AA"></span>Piştê zayînê</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Beşê biguhêre: Piştê zayînê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Piştê zayînê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>117 - 395 Dema <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Împeratoriya Roma">Împeratoriya Roma</a></li> <li>395 Dema <a href="/wiki/B%C3%AEzans" class="mw-redirect" title="Bîzans">bîzansiyan</a></li> <li>639 Dema <a href="/wiki/Ereb" title="Ereb">ereban</a></li> <li>985 Dema <a href="/wiki/Xanedana_Merwaniyan" title="Xanedana Merwaniyan">merwaniyan</a></li> <li>1071 Dema <a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A7uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Selçuk">selçukiyan</a></li> <li>1174 Dema <a href="/wiki/Xanedana_Ey%C3%BBbiyan" title="Xanedana Eyûbiyan">eyûbiyan</a></li> <li>1514 Dema osmaniyan</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Erdnîgarî"><span id="Erdn.C3.AEgar.C3.AE"></span>Erdnîgarî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Beşê biguhêre: Erdnîgarî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Erdnîgarî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ji xeynî hêjayiyên xwe yên dîrokî, xwezaya Rihayê him li cîhanê him jî li welatê me cihekî girîng digire û di hundirê xwe de ajalên gelek nadîr xwedî dike. </p><p>Bajar di nav parelelên 36° 40 û 38° 02 <a href="/wiki/Bakur" title="Bakur">bakur</a> û merîdyenên 37° 50 û 40° 12 <a href="/wiki/Rojhilat" title="Rojhilat">rojhilat</a> de ne. Sînorên bajêr li bakur <a href="/wiki/Sems%C3%BBr" title="Semsûr">Semsûr</a> û <a href="/wiki/Diyarbekir" class="mw-disambig" title="Diyarbekir">Diyarbekirê</a> ve, li <a href="/wiki/Rojava" title="Rojava">rojava</a> bi <a href="/wiki/D%C3%AElok" title="Dîlok">Dîlok</a> ve, li <a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr" title="Başûr">başûr</a> bi <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BBr%C3%AE" title="Sûrî">Sûrî</a> ve û li rojhilat jî bi <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AArd%C3%AEn" class="mw-disambig" title="Mêrdîn">Mêrdînê</a> ve tê girêdan. </p><p>Pîvana erdêer bajêr 18.584 km² ye. Erdê herêmê % 22,0 ji çiyan, % 16,3 ji deshtan û % 61,7 jî ji platoyan pêk tê. Li herêmê genim, ceh, nîsk, pembo, tirî û bi taybetî jî van salên dawî sebze û mewê jî li herêmê tên çandin. </p><p>Li herêmê îklîmek reshayî heye. Havînan germ û zuha, zivistanan jî sar e, lê rojên bi berf li herêmê hindik in. Li herêmê ferqa navbera di germbûna şev û rojê pir e. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ciyên_dîrokî"><span id="Ciy.C3.AAn_d.C3.AErok.C3.AE"></span>Ciyên dîrokî</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Beşê biguhêre: Ciyên dîrokî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Ciyên dîrokî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Herêm ji alî dîrok ve pir dewlemend e. Kela bajêr li navenda bajêr e. Mizgeft û <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gola_Xel%C3%AElu%27r-Rehman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gola Xelîlu'r-Rehman (rûpel hê tune)">gola Xelîlu'r-Rehman</a> (Khalil al-Rahman) jî ji alî gel û turîstan ve tên ziyaretkirin. Navça Xaranê bi xaniyên xwe yên taybetî ji bo turistan ciyek gerê ye. <a href="/wiki/Bendava_Ataturk%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bendava Ataturkê">Bendava Ataturk</a> jî ji bo gerê û werzişên ser avê ciyek mûsaîd e. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Çiyayên_herêmê"><span id=".C3.87iyay.C3.AAn_her.C3.AAm.C3.AA"></span>Çiyayên herêmê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çiyayên herêmê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Çiyayên herêmê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kismek ji çiyayê <a href="/wiki/Qerejdax" title="Qerejdax">Qerejdaxê</a> (1919 m) dikeve hundurê hudûdên herêmê. Çiyayê bilind li herêmê tunene. Navên çiyayên herî girîng wiha ne: </p> <ul><li>Çiyayên <a href="/w/index.php?title=Takurtukir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takurtukir (rûpel hê tune)">Takurtukir</a> (1222 m)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tektek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tektek (rûpel hê tune)">Tektek</a> (801 m),</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemr%C3%BBd" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Nemrûd">Nemrûd</a> (800m)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arat (rûpel hê tune)">Arat</a> (771 m)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deşt,_zozan,_gelî_û_ajal"><span id="De.C5.9Ft.2C_zozan.2C_gel.C3.AE_.C3.BB_ajal"></span>Deşt, zozan, gelî û ajal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Beşê biguhêre: Deşt, zozan, gelî û ajal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Deşt, zozan, gelî û ajal"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Derê ku em jê re dibêjin deşt li vir peyda ye. Di deştan de dar tune ne, bi tenê riweyên giyayî yên ku wek firkên yeksalî mezin dibin hene. Dema ku meriv ji dûr ve lê dinêre, tu ajal nayên xuyane û ev der wek col xuya dike û mixabin ajalên ku tê de dijîn nayin zanîn. </p><p>Di deştan de gelek ajalên cûda yên ku cinsên xwe pir kêm bûne tê de dijîn. Wekî gumgumokên mezin ên 1.5 metreyî, keftarên ku tenê di belgefîlman de serê xwe li hemberî şêran radikin û kergezên ku bejnê wan digihêje 2 metreyan. </p><p>Sedemên ku ev ajalan nayin zanîn ev e ku ewan, ji ber ku di deştan de dijîn, xwe baş vedişêrin û hinek ji wan tenê di şevan de aktîf dibin e. Lê belê heger meriv hinek baldartir i vê deştê dinêre wê meriv karibe ev ajalên cûda û zindî yên ku xwe veşar dikin bibîne. Ev yek jî ferqa di nava nêrîn û dîtinê de ye. </p><p>Navên deştên Rihayê wiha ne: </p> <ul><li>Deşta <a href="/wiki/Xarran" class="mw-redirect" title="Xarran">Xarranê</a>; Mezinbûna deştê 2750 km² ye.</li> <li>Deşta <a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAran%C5%9Far" class="mw-disambig" title="Wêranşar">Wêranşarê</a>; Li rojhilatê deşta Xaranê ye. Mezinbûna wê 1200 km² ye.</li> <li>Deşta <a href="/wiki/Sir%C3%BBc" title="Sirûc">Sirûcê</a>; li rojava yê deşta Xaranê ye, mezinbûna wî 700 km² ye.</li> <li>Deşta <a href="/wiki/Curn%C3%AA_re%C5%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Curnê reş">Curnê reş</a> li rojavayê Qerejdax e.</li></ul> <p>Ajalên herî balkêş ên ku xwe di deştan de vedişêrin ev in: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keftar" title="Keftar">Keftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varana_de%C5%9Ftan" class="mw-redirect" title="Varana deştan">Varana deştan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Varanus_griseus" class="mw-redirect" title="Varanus griseus">Varanus griseus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kergez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kergez (rûpel hê tune)">Kergezê</a> bicûk (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopbron_percnopterus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neopbron percnopterus (rûpel hê tune)">Neopbron percnopterus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joj%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Jojî">Jojîya</a> guhdirêj (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemiecbinus_auritus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemiecbinus auritus (rûpel hê tune)">Hemiecbinus auritus</a>)</li></ul> <p>Herwiha, navên ajalên din ên taybet: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelaynak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kelaynak (rûpel hê tune)">Kelaynak</a> (teyrên sergurî)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew" title="Kew">Kew</a> û <a href="/wiki/K%C3%AEvro%C5%9Fk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kîvroşk">kîvroşk</a></li> <li>Xezal</li> <li>Rûvî</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Çem_û_gol"><span id=".C3.87em_.C3.BB_gol"></span>Çem û gol</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çem û gol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Çem û gol"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferat">Çemê Feradê</a>; Çemê herî mezin yê Kurdistanê ye. Ji erdên Semsûrê dikeve hundirê hudûdên Rihayê. Çem di nav sê welatan de diherêke û wala dibe Xelîca Besra yê. Çemên Culap, Cavsak, Belih, Xabûr û Zengeçûr şaxên Feradê ne û di herêmê ve diherikin.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gola_Masiyan,_Riha" title="Gola Masiyan, Riha">Gola Masiyan, Riha</a>; 150m dirêj û 39 m fireh e. Li mizgefta Xelîl el-Rehmen e. Mehsiyên hundirê golê pîroz in û ji alî gel ve nayin girtin.</li> <li>Gola Aynîzeliha; 50 m dirêj û 30 m fireh e. Mehsiyên hundirê golê pîrozên û ji alî gel ve nayine girtin.</li> <li>Gola mezin û ya biçûk ji golên din yê herêmê ne.</li> <li>Gola <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bendava_Ataturk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bendava Ataturk (rûpel hê tune)">Bendava Ataturk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Avhewa">Avhewa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Beşê biguhêre: Avhewa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Avhewa"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rihayê xwedî avhewaya germê havîna (Köppen: Csa, Trewartha: Cs) Deryaya Navîn navîn e. Di mehên havînê de, germahiya navînî ya bilind bi gelemperî ji 40 °C (santîgrat) ê derbas dibe ku bajêr di mehên havînê de dibe yek ji bajarên herî germ ên cîhanê ye ku yek ji bajarên ger ên di nav deverên ku li herêmên hişk an nîv-hişk nînin. Bajêr di mehên zivistanê de hênik û bi kêmî ve şil e ku hinek caran ber dibare û cemed çêdibe. Bihar û bi payîzan germ û bi pîvana navînî zuha ye. </p><p>Germahiya herî bilind a tomarkirî bi pîvana 46,8 °C ê di 30ê tîrmeh sala 2000an de hatiye ragihandin. </p><p>Germahiya herî nizim a tomarkirî bi pîvana -12,4 °C ê di 9ê sibata sala 1932an de hatiye ragihandin.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="background:#ffffff; border: 1px solid #b5b5b5; margin-bottom:.5em; margin-top:1em;" cellspacing="4"> <tbody><tr> <td> <div style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; margin-bottom:5px;"><b>Germahî û barîna nîvekî ya mehane yê Êlihê</b></div> <table border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" style="border: 5px solid #E5E5E5; font-size:95%; background:#E5E5E5; margin-bottom:10px;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td style="height:15px"> </td> <td style="width:45px">Rêb. </td> <td style="width:45px">Reş. </td> <td style="width:45px">Ada. </td> <td style="width:45px">Avr. </td> <td style="width:45px">Gul. </td> <td style="width:45px">Pûş. </td> <td style="width:45px">Tîr. </td> <td style="width:45px">Gel. </td> <td style="width:45px">Rez. </td> <td style="width:45px">Kew. </td> <td style="width:45px">Ser. </td> <td style="width:45px">Ber. </td> <td style="border-left: 6px solid #E5E5E5; border-right: 3px solid #E5E5E5;"> </td> <td style="width:45px"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left; white-space:nowrap">Bilindtirîn germahî (<a href="/wiki/Selsiyus" class="mw-redirect" title="Selsiyus">°C</a>) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">10,3 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">11,8 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,7 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">22,6 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">29,0 </td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">35,1 </td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">39,0 </td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">38,5 </td> <td style="background: #FF4040;">34,1 </td> <td style="background: #FF6347;">27,0 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">18,2 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">12,1 </td> <td style="border-left: 6px solid #E5E5E5; border-right: 3px solid #E5E5E5; font-size: 110%"><b>Ø</b> </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;"><b>24,5</b> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left;">Nimztirîn germahî (°C) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">2,5 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">3,0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">6,4 </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;">10,9 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">16,0 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">21,3 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">24,9 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">24,4 </td> <td style="background: #FF8C00;">20,4 </td> <td style="background: #FFA500;">15,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99;">8,4 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">4,3 </td> <td style="border-left: 6px solid #E5E5E5; border-right: 3px solid #E5E5E5; font-size: 110%"><b>Ø</b> </td> <td style="background: #FFCC66;"><b>13,1</b> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td colspan="13" height="5"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="height:20px; text-align:left;">Barîn (<a href="/wiki/Mil%C3%AEmetre" title="Milîmetre">mm</a>) </td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">76,7 </td> <td style="background: #6495ED;">70,3 </td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">63,9 </td> <td style="background: #CFE8FF;">40,9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">26,2 </td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">4,2 </td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">0,9 </td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">1,2 </td> <td style="background: #EED8AE;">4,1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF;">27,7 </td> <td style="background: #B9D3FF;">50,2 </td> <td style="background: #8AB0FF;">67,5 </td> <td style="border-left: 6px solid #E5E5E5; border-right: 3px solid #E5E5E5; font-size: 110%"><b>Σ</b> </td> <td style="background: #F0F8FF;"><b>433,8</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="font-size:75%; background:#f8f8f8; margin-top:10px; text-align:center; margin-left:15px; height:250px;"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" align="center" style="padding-right: 3px; background:#ffffff; line-height:150%;">G<br />e<br />r<br />m<br />a<br />h<br />î </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px; border-left: 1px solid gray; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Rêbendan" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">10,3 </caption> <tbody><tr align="center"> <th width="21" height="39" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="33" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">2,5 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Reşemî" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">11,8 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="44" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="35" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">3,0 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Adar" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">16,7 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="52" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="52" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">6,4 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Avrêl" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">22,6 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="59" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="75" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">10,9 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Gulan" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">29,0 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="65" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="100" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">16,0 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Pûşper" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">35,1 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="69" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="127" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">21,3 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Tîrmeh" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">39,0 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="71" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="145" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">24,9 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Gelawêj" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">38,5 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="71" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="142" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">24,4 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Rezber" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">34,1 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="69" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="122" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">20,4 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Kewçêr" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">27,0 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="60" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="96" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">15,1 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Sermawez" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">18,2 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="49" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="62" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">8,4 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray; background:#f8f8f8;"> <table title="Berfanbar" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" style="background:none; font-size:7pt;"> <caption style="border-bottom:2px solid red;">12,1 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="21" height="39" style="background:#e8e8e8;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" height="42" style="vertical-align:top; border-top:2px solid blue;">4,3 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr style="background: #FFFFFF;"> <td style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px;">Rêb. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Reş. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ada. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Avr. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Gul. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Pûş. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Tîr. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Gel. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Rez. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Kew. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ser. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ber. </td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left" style="font-size:75%; background:#f8f8f8; margin-top:10px; text-align:center; margin-left:15px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-left: 2px; padding-right: 3px; background:#ffffff; line-height:150%;">B<br />a<br />r<br />î<br />n </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px; border-left: 1px solid gray; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">76,7 <div title="Rêbendan" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:230px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">70,3 <div title="Reşemî" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:210.80834419817px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">63,9 <div title="Adar" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:191.61668839635px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">40,9 <div title="Avrêl" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:122.64667535854px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">26,2 <div title="Gulan" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:78.565840938722px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">4,2 <div title="Pûşper" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:12.594524119948px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">0,9 <div title="Tîrmeh" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:2.6988265971317px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">1,2 <div title="Gelawêj" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:3.5984354628422px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">4,1 <div title="Rezber" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:12.294654498044px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">27,7 <div title="Kewçêr" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:83.063885267275px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">50,2 <div title="Sermawez" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:150.53455019557px"></div> </td> <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 8px; border-bottom: 1px solid gray">67,5 <div title="Berfanbar" style="background: #8AB0FF; border-color: #739CF1; border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px; width: 19px; height:202.41199478488px"></div> </td></tr> <tr style="background: #FFFFFF;"> <td>  </td> <td style="padding-left: 3px; padding-right: 8px;">Rêb. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Reş. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ada. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Avr. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Gul. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Pûş. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Tîr. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Gel. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Rez. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Kew. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ser. </td> <td style="padding-right: 8px;">Ber. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div style="font-size:85%; margin-top:5px;"><b>Çavkanî:</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mgm.gov.tr/veridegerlendirme/il-ve-ilceler-istatistik.aspx?k=H&m=SANLIURFA">Statîstîkên avhewaya Rihayê</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aborî"><span id="Abor.C3.AE"></span>Aborî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Beşê biguhêre: Aborî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Aborî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serwetên_bin_erdê"><span id="Serwet.C3.AAn_bin_erd.C3.AA"></span>Serwetên bin erdê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Beşê biguhêre: Serwetên bin erdê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Serwetên bin erdê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Herêm ji alî madenan ve ne dewlemend e. Li Rihayê tenê fosfat û malzemên ji bo tûxla û kiremîdan ji bin erdê dertên. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çand_û_huner"><span id=".C3.87and_.C3.BB_huner"></span>Çand û huner</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çand û huner" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Çand û huner"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ol_û_civak"><span id="Ol_.C3.BB_civak"></span>Ol û civak</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Beşê biguhêre: Ol û civak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Ol û civak"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bajerê Riha yê wek <i> Bajarê <a href="/wiki/P%C3%AAxamber" class="mw-redirect" title="Pêxamber">Pêxamberan</a> </i> tê naskirin. Li gor rîvayetê gava <a href="/wiki/Adem" title="Adem">Adem</a> û <a href="/wiki/Hewa" title="Hewa">Hewa</a> ji bihûştê ên qewrandin, tên li Xaranê bi cih dibin. <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ebrah%C3%AEm" title="Îbrahîm">Îbrahîm</a> pêxember, <a href="/wiki/Ey%C3%BBb" title="Eyûb">Eyûb</a> pêxember û <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Esa" title="Îsa">Îsa</a> pêxember jî li herêmê mane. Li herêmê Misilmantî ji <a href="/wiki/Elew%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Elewî">elewî</a> û <a href="/wiki/Sunn%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunnî">sunnî</a> yan pêk tê. Kurd, Ereb û Tirk piranî ya serjimarê diafirandin. Gelê Rihayê zêdetir bi çandinî û ajalkariyê ve mijûl e. Têkiliyeke mezin nîşanî bezirganiyê nedaye û jiyana wan bi piranî li gundan domiya ye. Ji ber wê yekê ku çanda feodaltiyê û axatiyê serdest maye. Jiyan ji bajarvaniyê û şaristaniyê wêdetir di çanda gundan de girtî maye. Loma jî ji bilî vîn û biryara kes zêdetir bîryara civak û eşîrtiyê li ser dest maye. Her wiha li hemberî gotina mezinên civakê an jî eşîrê zêdetir bervêdan pêk nehatiye. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Xwarinên_herêmê"><span id="Xwarin.C3.AAn_her.C3.AAm.C3.AA"></span>Xwarinên herêmê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Beşê biguhêre: Xwarinên herêmê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Xwarinên herêmê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Herêm ji alî xwarinan pir dewlemend e. Xwarinin herî pir li herêmê tên xwarin kutilkên dagirtî, Acîn(çîkifte), beqlewe, kunefe (qedayif), kebeb û lehmecun nin. Taybetiyek herêmê jî xwarina îsotên tûj yên sor in </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Aqît_(reçela_îsotê_sor)"><span id="Aq.C3.AEt_.28re.C3.A7ela_.C3.AEsot.C3.AA_sor.29"></span>Aqît (reçela îsotê sor)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Beşê biguhêre: Aqît (reçela îsotê sor)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Aqît (reçela îsotê sor)"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Reçela îsotê Rihayê an jî bi devoka Rihayiyan Aqît navê berekê ji pêjgeha kurdî ye û bi heqîqî ji îsotên tûj ên Rihayê tê çêkirin. </p><p>Parêzgeha Rihayê bi îsotên xwe yên sor û tûj bi nav û deng e, lewra tê gotin ku gelê Rihayî ji tûjbûna xwarinan pir hez dikin. Ewqas ku, gotineke pêşiyinan dibêje 'Li Rihayê îsot êmzika bebikan e'! Ji ber vê yekê îsot beşeke girîng a xwarin û pêjgeha Rihayê ye. Herwiha, aqît jî, ji bo tûjkirinê weke sos an jî baharata gelek xwarinan tê bikaranîn. </p><p>Ji bo aqîta îsotan divê ev malzeme hebin: 1 kg ji îsotên tûj ên sor, 1 kefçiya çayê ji darçîn, nîv bardaxek ji rûna zeytûnê û nîv kefçiya çayê ji îsota reş. </p><p>Berî her tiştî îsotên sor divê bên şuştin, birrîn û ji dendikan pakkirin. Piştre îsot ji makîneya goştan tê derbaskirin û di amanekê de tê komkirin. Ji bo ku ava xwe kêmtir be xwê dixin nav, tev didin û li ber rojê rêdixin. Paşê îsota reş, darçîn û rûna zeytûne li ser ve tal dikin û baş tev didin. Êdî reçela îsota sor - an bi navê xwe yê otantîk 'aqît' - ji bo pêjgehê amade ye û kare wek 'etûr an jî sos bê xwarin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kincên_herêmê"><span id="Kinc.C3.AAn_her.C3.AAm.C3.AA"></span>Kincên herêmê</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Beşê biguhêre: Kincên herêmê" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: Kincên herêmê"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di serê jinan de sharpeyek (yamshak) hene. Keçên ciwan kofiyek bi sharpeyek sipî (neçek) li serê xwe dikin. Li ser fîstanên dirêj, çakêtek dirêj tê li xwe kirin. Îshlik bê yaxe nê. SHalwarên ku jêra wan teng di bin fîstan de tê li xwe kirin. Di nigan de gorên hirî û pêlavên lastîk yê resh hene. </p><p>Zilamên herêmê entariyên ber wan girtî li xwe dikin. Çakêt, shalwar û îshlik jî li hinek deveran li xwe dikin. Di serê zilaman de "egalên sipî" hene. Di nigan de "qondere" yan jî " lastîkên resh" tê li xwe kirin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çûnûhatin"><span id=".C3.87.C3.BBn.C3.BBhatin"></span>Çûnûhatin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çûnûhatin" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: Çûnûhatin"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Li Riha balafirgehek heye û navê wê <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balafirgeha_GAP%27%C3%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balafirgeha GAP'ê (rûpel hê tune)">Balafirgeha GAP'ê</a> ye. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navdarên_bajêr"><span id="Navdar.C3.AAn_baj.C3.AAr"></span>Navdarên bajêr</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Beşê biguhêre: Navdarên bajêr" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: Navdarên bajêr"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <th># </th> <th>Kes </th> <th>Pîşe </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Abdullah Öcalan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Siyasetmedar" title="Siyasetmedar">Siyasetmedar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ferhat_G%C3%B6%C3%A7er" title="Ferhat Göçer">Ferhat Göçer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stranb%C3%AAj" title="Stranbêj">Stranbêj</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Tatl%C4%B1ses" title="İbrahim Tatlıses">İbrahim Tatlıses</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunermend" title="Hunermend">Hunermend</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahmut_Tuncer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahmut Tuncer (rûpel hê tune)">Mahmut Tuncer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunermend" title="Hunermend">Hunermend</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Murat_Karay%C4%B1lan" title="Murat Karayılan">Murat Karayılan</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fermandar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fermandar (rûpel hê tune)">Fermandar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCsl%C3%BCm_G%C3%BCrses" title="Müslüm Gürses">Müslüm Gürses</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunermend" title="Hunermend">Hunermend</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nab%C3%AE" title="Nabî">Nabî</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunermend" title="Hunermend">Hunermend</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qazanci_Bed%C3%AEh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qazanci Bedîh (rûpel hê tune)">Qazanci Bedîh</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eivan_Perwer" title="Şivan Perwer">Şivan Perwer</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hunermend" title="Hunermend">Hunermend</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1lmaz_G%C3%BCney" title="Yılmaz Güney">Yılmaz Güney</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AEstikvan" title="Lîstikvan">Lîstikvan</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çavkanî"><span id=".C3.87avkan.C3.AE"></span>Çavkanî</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Beşê biguhêre: Çavkanî" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riha&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: Çavkanî"><span>çavkaniyê biguhêre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1068480">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://report.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2=&report=idari_yapi_09sonrasi.RDF&p_il1=63&p_yil=2009&p_dil=1&desformat=html&ENVID=nufus2000db2Env">tuik, 2009</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1850135">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBiehlLocke2017" class="citation book cs1">Biehl, João; Locke, Peter Andrew (2017). <i>Unfinished: the anthropology of becoming</i>. Durham: Duke University press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-0-8223-6930-1" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-0-8223-6930-1"><bdi>978-0-8223-6930-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unfinished%3A+the+anthropology+of+becoming&rft.place=Durham&rft.pub=Duke+University+press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-6930-1&rft.aulast=Biehl&rft.aufirst=Jo%C3%A3o&rft.au=Locke%2C+Peter+Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oRkYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA39"><i>The Oriental Herald</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). 1827.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oriental+Herald&rft.date=1827&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoRkYAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wmf.org/blog/celebrating-our-new-affiliation-global-heritage-fund/preservation_by_design_partnerships/current_projects/gobekli_tepe_turkey">"All Posts"</a>. <i>World Monuments Fund</i> (bi îngilîzî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 9 îlon 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Monuments+Fund&rft.atitle=All+Posts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wmf.org%2Fblog%2Fcelebrating-our-new-affiliation-global-heritage-fund%2Fpreservation_by_design_partnerships%2Fcurrent_projects%2Fgobekli_tepe_turkey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180331174301/http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5612/">"The Archaeological Site of Göbeklitepe - UNESCO World Heritage Centre"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 31 adar 2018. Ji orîjînalê hat arşîvkirin. Roja arşîvkirinê: 31 adar 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 9 îlon 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=The+Archaeological+Site+of+G%C3%B6beklitepe+-+UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.date=2018-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Ftentativelists%2F5612%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Cite_web" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Kategor%C3%AE:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Kategorî:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">lînk</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFBall2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ball, Warwick (4 kanûna paşîn 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=73-JAgAAQBAJ"><i>Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-1-134-82386-4" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-1-134-82386-4"><bdi>978-1-134-82386-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rome+in+the+East%3A+The+Transformation+of+an+Empire&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2002-01-04&rft.isbn=978-1-134-82386-4&rft.aulast=Ball&rft.aufirst=Warwick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D73-JAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_7-8">i</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFFoundation" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Foundation, Encyclopaedia Iranica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/edessa">"Edessa, Encyclopaedia Iranica"</a>. <i>iranicaonline.org</i> (bi îngilîziya amerîkî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Roja gihiştinê 10 îlon 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iranicaonline.org&rft.atitle=Edessa%2C+Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.aulast=Foundation&rft.aufirst=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fedessa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sinclair1990-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Sinclair1990_8-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sinclair, T. A. (31 kanûna pêşîn 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6CMnEAAAQBAJ"><i>Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume IV</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). Pindar Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7"><bdi>978-1-904597-79-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Turkey%3A+An+Architectural+and+Archaeological+Survey%2C+Volume+IV&rft.pub=Pindar+Press&rft.date=1990-12-31&rft.isbn=978-1-904597-79-7&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6CMnEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tonghini2021-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-6">g</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-7">h</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-8">i</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-9">j</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-10">k</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-11">l</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-12">m</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-13">n</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-14">o</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-15">p</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-16">q</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-17">r</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-18">s</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-19">t</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-20">u</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-21">v</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-22">w</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tonghini2021_9-23">x</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFTonghini2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tonghini, Cristina (25 adar 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8tAqEAAAQBAJ"><i>From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-1-78969-757-5" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-1-78969-757-5"><bdi>978-1-78969-757-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Edessa+to+Urfa%3A+The+Fortification+of+the+Citadel&rft.pub=Archaeopress+Publishing+Ltd&rft.date=2021-03-25&rft.isbn=978-1-78969-757-5&rft.aulast=Tonghini&rft.aufirst=Cristina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8tAqEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_10-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sinclair, T. A. (31 kanûna pêşîn 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6CMnEAAAQBAJ"><i>Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume IV</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). Pindar Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7"><bdi>978-1-904597-79-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Turkey%3A+An+Architectural+and+Archaeological+Survey%2C+Volume+IV&rft.pub=Pindar+Press&rft.date=1990-12-31&rft.isbn=978-1-904597-79-7&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6CMnEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sinclair, T. A. (31 kanûna pêşîn 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6CMnEAAAQBAJ"><i>Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume IV</i></a> (bi îngilîzî). Pindar Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-1-904597-79-7"><bdi>978-1-904597-79-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Turkey%3A+An+Architectural+and+Archaeological+Survey%2C+Volume+IV&rft.pub=Pindar+Press&rft.date=1990-12-31&rft.isbn=978-1-904597-79-7&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=T.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6CMnEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-5">f</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:3_12-6">g</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The encyclopaedia of Islam. 8: Ned - Sam</i>. Leiden: Brill. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09834-3" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09834-3"><bdi>978-90-04-09834-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopaedia+of+Islam.+8%3A+Ned+-+Sam&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09834-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-4">e</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:4_13-5">f</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The encyclopaedia of Islam. 8: Ned - Sam</i>. Leiden: Brill. 1995. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09834-3" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09834-3"><bdi>978-90-04-09834-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+encyclopaedia+of+Islam.+8%3A+Ned+-+Sam&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09834-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFShatzmiller1994" class="citation book cs1">Shatzmiller, Maya (1994). <i>Labour in the medieval Islamic world</i>. Islamic history and civilization. Leiden New York Köln: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09896-1" title="Taybet:BookSources/978-90-04-09896-1"><bdi>978-90-04-09896-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Labour+in+the+medieval+Islamic+world&rft.place=Leiden+New+York+K%C3%B6ln&rft.series=Islamic+history+and+civilization&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-90-04-09896-1&rft.aulast=Shatzmiller&rft.aufirst=Maya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFWinter2009" class="citation journal cs1">Winter, S. H. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/3809120">"The Province of Raqqa under Ottoman Rule, 1535–1800: A Preliminary Study"</a>. <i>Journal of Near Eastern Studies</i>. <b>68</b> (4): 253. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISSN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISSN (identifier) (rûpel hê tune)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0022-2968">0022-2968</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Near+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Province+of+Raqqa+under+Ottoman+Rule%2C+1535%E2%80%931800%3A+A+Preliminary+Study&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=253&rft.date=2009&rft.issn=0022-2968&rft.aulast=Winter&rft.aufirst=S.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F3809120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sanliurfa.bel.tr/files/1/bsb_sonra/urfaca_urfalica.pdf">"Dîroka Rihayê"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D%C3%AEroka+Rihay%C3%AA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanliurfa.bel.tr%2Ffiles%2F1%2Fbsb_sonra%2Furfaca_urfalica.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fku.wikipedia.org%3ARiha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1850135"><cite id="CITEREFELVEREN2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">ELVEREN, Muammer (19 sibat 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hurriyet.com.tr/cihad-in-yolu-urfa-dan-gecer-36365778">"Rêya cîhadê di Rihayê re derbas dibe"</a>. <i>www.hurriyet.com.tr</i> (bi tirkî)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfaKurd.png/128px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfaKurd.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfaKurd.png/170px-%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfaKurd.png 2x" data-file-width="1010" data-file-height="769" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Navçeyên Bajarê Mezin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ey%C3%BBb%C3%AE,_Riha" title="Eyûbî, Riha">Eyûbî</a> • <a href="/wiki/Qerekopr%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Qerekoprî">Qerekoprî</a> (Pira Reş) • <a href="/wiki/Xelil%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Xelilî">Xelilî</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1138413"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-çêke"><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Bajar%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA&action=edit"><abbr title="Vê şablonê biguhêre" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bajarên_Kurdistanê" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bajar%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajarên Kurdistanê">Bajarên Kurdistanê</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bakur%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Bakurê Kurdistanê">Bakurê Kurdistanê</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Erd%C3%AAxan" title="Erdêxan">Erdêxan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Amed" title="Amed">Amed</a> · <a href="/wiki/Baz%C3%AEd" title="Bazîd">Bazîd</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bidl%C3%AEs" title="Bidlîs">Bidlîs</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ciz%C3%AEr" title="Cizîr">Cizîr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Colem%C3%AArg,_Hekar%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Colemêrg, Hekarî">Colemêrg</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ewl%C3%AEg" title="Çewlîg">Çewlîg</a> · <a href="/wiki/D%C3%AElok" title="Dîlok">Dîlok</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erd%C3%AAxan" title="Erdêxan">Erdêxan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Elez%C3%AEz" class="mw-redirect" title="Elezîz">Elezîz</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erzingan" class="mw-redirect" title="Erzingan">Erzingan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erzirom" class="mw-redirect" title="Erzirom">Erzirom</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Alih" title="Êlih">Êlih</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gurgum" title="Gurgum">Gurgum</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Edir" title="Îdir">Îdir</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mamek%C3%AE" title="Mamekî">Mamekî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Melet%C3%AE" title="Meletî">Meletî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mere%C5%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Mereş">Mereş</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AArd%C3%AEn_(bajar)" title="Mêrdîn (bajar)">Mêrdîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Midyad" title="Midyad">Midyad</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BB%C5%9F" title="Mûş">Mûş</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nis%C3%AAb%C3%AEn" title="Nisêbîn">Nisêbîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qerekose" title="Qerekose">Qerekose</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qers" title="Qers">Qers</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qoser" title="Qoser">Qoser</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Riha</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sems%C3%BBr" title="Semsûr">Semsûr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ser%C3%AA_Kaniy%C3%AA,_Riha" title="Serê Kaniyê, Riha">Serê Kaniyê</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AArt" title="Sêrt">Sêrt</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AAwas" title="Sêwas">Sêwas</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eirnex" title="Şirnex">Şirnex</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wan" title="Wan">Wan</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg/150px-Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg/225px-Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg/300px-Gegenw%C3%A4rtiges_Kerngebiet_der_kurdischen_Siedlungsgebiete.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1020" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9F%C3%BBr%C3%AA_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Başûrê Kurdistanê">Başûrê Kurdistanê</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Akr%C3%AA" title="Akrê">Akrê</a> · <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%AAd%C3%AE" title="Amêdî">Amêdî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dihok" title="Dihok">Dihok</a> · <a href="/wiki/Helebce" title="Helebce">Helebce</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hewl%C3%AAr_(paytext)" title="Hewlêr (paytext)">Hewlêr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kerk%C3%BBk" title="Kerkûk">Kerkûk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kifr%C3%AE" title="Kifrî">Kifrî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Koye" title="Koye">Koye</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mexm%C3%BBr" title="Mexmûr">Mexmûr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%AEl" class="mw-redirect" title="Musîl">Musîl</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rewandiz" title="Rewandiz">Rewandiz</a> · <a href="/wiki/Selehed%C3%AEn" title="Selehedîn">Selehedîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sil%C3%AAman%C3%AE_(bajar)" title="Silêmanî (bajar)">Silêmanî</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eeqlawe" title="Şeqlawe">Şeqlawe</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eingal" title="Şingal">Şingal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xaneq%C3%AEn" title="Xaneqîn">Xaneqîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zaxo" title="Zaxo">Zaxo</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rojhilat%C3%AA_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rojhilatê Kurdistan">Rojhilatê Kurdistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bane,_Kurdistan" title="Bane, Kurdistan">Bane</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bokan" title="Bokan">Bokan</a> ·<a href="/wiki/Ciwanro" title="Ciwanro">Ciwanro</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hemedan" title="Hemedan">Hemedan</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Elam" title="Îlam">Îlam</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kamyaran" title="Kamyaran">Kamyaran</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kirma%C5%9Fan" title="Kirmaşan">Kirmaşan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mehabad_(bajar)" title="Mehabad (bajar)">Mehabad</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mer%C3%AEwan" title="Merîwan">Merîwan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nexede" title="Nexede">Nexede</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pawe" title="Pawe">Pawe</a> · <a href="/wiki/P%C3%AEran%C5%9Far" title="Pîranşar">Pîranşar</a> · <a href="/wiki/Seqiz" title="Seqiz">Seqiz</a> · <a href="/wiki/Serde%C5%9Ft,_Azerbaycana_Rojava" class="mw-redirect" title="Serdeşt, Azerbaycana Rojava">Serdeşt</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sine" title="Sine">Sine</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eino" title="Şino">Şino</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Brmiye" title="Ûrmiye">Ûrmiye</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xoy" title="Xoy">Xoy</a> . <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eot" title="Şot">Şot</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rojavaya_Kurdistan%C3%AA" title="Rojavaya Kurdistanê">Rojavaya Kurdistanê</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%BBde" class="mw-redirect" title="Amûde">Amûde</a> · <a href="/wiki/D%C3%AArika_Hemko" title="Dêrika Hemko">Dêrika Hemko</a> · <a href="/wiki/Efr%C3%AEn" title="Efrîn">Efrîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hes%C3%AE%C3%A7e" title="Hesîçe">Hesîçe</a> · <a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE" title="Kobanî">Kobanî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qami%C5%9Flo" title="Qamişlo">Qamişlo</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ser%C3%AA_Kaniy%C3%AA,_Hes%C3%AE%C3%A7e" title="Serê Kaniyê, Hesîçe">Serê Kaniyê</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tirbesp%C3%AE" title="Tirbespî">Tirbespî</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1138413"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1122230"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bajarên_Komara_Tirkiyeyê" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r827285"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-binêre"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eablon:Bajar%C3%AAn_Tirkiy%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Şablon:Bajarên Tirkiyê"><abbr title="Vê şablonê nîşan bide" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">n</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-gotûbêj"><a href="/wiki/Got%C3%BBb%C3%AAja_%C5%9Fablon%C3%AA:Bajar%C3%AAn_Tirkiy%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Gotûbêja şablonê:Bajarên Tirkiyê"><abbr title="Vê şablonê gotûbêj bike" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">g</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-çêke"><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Eablon:Bajar%C3%AAn_Tirkiy%C3%AA&action=edit"><abbr title="Vê şablonê biguhêre" style=";;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">b</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bajarên_Komara_Tirkiyeyê" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bajar%C3%AAn_Komara_Tirkiyey%C3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="Bajarên Komara Tirkiyeyê">Bajarên Komara Tirkiyeyê</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bajar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Afyon">Afyon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Aksaray" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksaray">Aksaray</a> · <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Amed" title="Amed">Amed</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antalya" class="mw-redirect" title="Antalya">Antalya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Artv%C3%AEn" class="mw-redirect" title="Artvîn">Artvîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Aydın">Aydın</a> · <a href="/wiki/Balikes%C3%AEr" class="mw-redirect" title="Balikesîr">Balikesîr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bart%C4%B1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Bartın">Bartın</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bayb%C3%BBrd" class="mw-redirect" title="Baybûrd">Baybûrd</a> (Bayburt) · <a href="/wiki/Bidl%C3%AEs" title="Bidlîs">Bidlîs</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bilecik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilecik">Bilecik</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bolu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolu">Bolu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Burdur" class="mw-redirect" title="Burdur">Burdur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bursa" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa">Bursa</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%87anakkale" title="Çanakkale">Çanakkale</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ank%C4%B1r%C4%B1" title="Çankırı">Çankırı</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%87ewl%C3%AEg" title="Çewlîg">Çewlîg</a> · <a href="/wiki/Colem%C3%AArg" title="Colemêrg">Colemêrg</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%87orum" class="mw-redirect" title="Çorum">Çorum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Den%C3%AEzl%C3%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Denîzlî">Denîzlî</a> · <a href="/wiki/D%C3%AElok" title="Dîlok">Dîlok</a> · <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzce" title="Düzce">Düzce</a> · <a href="/wiki/Edene" class="mw-disambig" title="Edene">Edene</a> · <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> · <a href="/wiki/Enqere" title="Enqere">Enqere</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erd%C3%AAxan" title="Erdêxan">Erdêxan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ezirgan" title="Ezirgan">Ezirgan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Erz%C3%AErom" title="Erzîrom">Erzîrom</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Alih" title="Êlih">Êlih</a> · <a href="/wiki/Giresun" title="Giresun">Giresun</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gumu%C5%9Fxane" title="Gumuşxane">Gumuşxane</a> (Gümüşhane) · <a href="/wiki/Gurgum" title="Gurgum">Gurgum</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isparta" title="Isparta">Isparta</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Edir" title="Îdir">Îdir</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ezm%C3%AEr" title="Îzmîr">Îzmîr</a> · <a href="/wiki/Karab%C3%BCk" title="Karabük">Karabük</a> · <a href="/wiki/Karaman" class="mw-redirect" title="Karaman">Karaman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kastamonu" title="Kastamonu">Kastamonu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kayseri" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kil%C3%AEs" title="Kilîs">Kilîs</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kinikan" title="Kinikan">Kinikan</a> (Osmaniye) · <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1r%C4%B1kkale" title="Kırıkkale">Kırıkkale</a> · <a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rklareli" title="Kırklareli">Kırklareli</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kocaeli" title="Kocaeli">Kocaeli</a> · <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtahya" title="Kütahya">Kütahya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mamek%C3%AE" title="Mamekî">Mamekî</a> · <a href="/wiki/Manisa" title="Manisa">Manisa</a> · <a href="/wiki/Melet%C3%AE" title="Meletî">Meletî</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AArs%C3%AEn" title="Mêrsîn">Mêrsîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mezra" class="mw-disambig" title="Mezra">Mezra</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%AArd%C3%AEn" class="mw-disambig" title="Mêrdîn">Mêrdîn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%9Fla" title="Muğla">Muğla</a> · <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BB%C5%9F" title="Mûş">Mûş</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nev%C5%9Fehir" class="mw-redirect" title="Nevşehir">Nevşehir</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ni%C4%9Fde" title="Niğde">Niğde</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ordu" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordu">Ordu</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qerekose" title="Qerekose">Qerekose</a> · <a href="/wiki/Qers" title="Qers">Qers</a> · <a href="/wiki/Q%C3%AEr%C5%9Fehir" title="Qîrşehir">Qîrşehir</a> (Kırşehir) · <a href="/wiki/Qonye" title="Qonye">Qonye</a> (Konya) · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Riha</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rize" title="Rize">Rize</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sakarya" title="Sakarya">Sakarya</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samsun" title="Samsun">Samsun</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sems%C3%BBr" title="Semsûr">Semsûr</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AArt" title="Sêrt">Sêrt</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AAwas" title="Sêwas">Sêwas</a> · <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eirnex" title="Şirnex">Şirnex</a> · <a href="/wiki/S%C3%AEnob" title="Sînob">Sînob</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stembol" title="Stembol">Stembol</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekirda%C4%9F" title="Tekirdağ">Tekirdağ</a> · <a href="/wiki/Toqad" title="Toqad">Toqad</a> (Tokat) · <a href="/wiki/Trebzon" title="Trebzon">Trebzon</a> · <a href="/wiki/U%C5%9Fak" class="mw-redirect" title="Uşak">Uşak</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wan" title="Wan">Wan</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xetay" class="mw-redirect" title="Xetay">Xetay</a> · <a href="/wiki/Yalova" title="Yalova">Yalova</a> · <a href="/wiki/Yozgad" title="Yozgad">Yozgad</a> (Yozgat) · <a href="/wiki/Zonguldak" title="Zonguldak">Zonguldak</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/W%C3%AAne:BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png/120px-BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png/180px-BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png/240px-BlankMapTurkeyProvinces.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1138413"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1122230"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Danegehên_kontrola_otorîteyê_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Li_ser_Wîkîdaneyê_biguhêre&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133118#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Li_ser_Wîkîdaneyê_biguhêre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Danegehên_kontrola_otorîteyê_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Li_ser_Wîkîdaneyê_biguhêre&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133118#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Li_ser_Wîkîdaneyê_biguhêre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Al%C3%AEkar%C3%AE:Kontrola_otor%C3%AEte" class="mw-redirect" title="Alîkarî:Kontrola otorîte">Danegehên kontrola otorîteyê</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133118#identifiers" title="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre"><img alt="Li ser Wîkîdaneyê biguhêre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Navneteweyî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/133797710">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJw4CwbHPgYJXkkM6MMwYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neteweyî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007567206605171">Îsraêl</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88118501">DYA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Şanlıurfa (Turecko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge137886&CON_LNG=ENG">Komara Çekî</a></abbr></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cografî</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/658457">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yên din</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044323">NARA</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02748369X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> 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