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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies_for_success" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies_for_success"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Policies for success</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Policies_for_success-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Policies for success subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Policies_for_success-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Heterodox_liberalisation_and_diversification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heterodox_liberalisation_and_diversification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Heterodox liberalisation and diversification</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heterodox_liberalisation_and_diversification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Concerted_strategy_of_nation_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerted_strategy_of_nation_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Concerted strategy of nation building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerted_strategy_of_nation_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Strong_and_inclusive_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Strong_and_inclusive_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Strong and inclusive institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Strong_and_inclusive_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Corruption_laws" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Corruption_laws"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Corruption laws</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Corruption_laws-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High_levels_of_equitable_public_investment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High_levels_of_equitable_public_investment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>High levels of equitable public investment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High_levels_of_equitable_public_investment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Financial_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Financial_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Financial services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Financial_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Information_and_communication_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Information_and_communication_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Information and communication technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Information_and_communication_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_employment_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_employment_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>International employment services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_employment_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Agriculture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Agriculture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sugar_industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sugar_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Sugar industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sugar_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Macroeconomic_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Macroeconomic_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Macroeconomic statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Macroeconomic_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_change_and_the_economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_change_and_the_economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Climate change and the economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_change_and_the_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes and references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3" title="اقتصاد موريشيوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اقتصاد موريشيوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Mauriciu" title="Economía de Mauriciu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Economía de Mauriciu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_de_Maurici" title="Economia de Maurici – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Economia de Maurici" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Mauricio" title="Economía de Mauricio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Economía de Mauricio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89conomie_de_Maurice" title="Économie de Maurice – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Économie de Maurice" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Mauricio" title="Economía de Mauricio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Economía de Mauricio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%85%94%EC%8A%A4%EC%9D%98_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C" title="모리셔스의 경제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="모리셔스의 경제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BE%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մավրիկիոսի տնտեսություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մավրիկիոսի տնտեսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomio_di_Maurico" title="Ekonomio di Maurico – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ekonomio di Maurico" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_Mauritius" title="Ekonomi Mauritius – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ekonomi Mauritius" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_de_Maurici" title="Economia de Maurici – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Economia de Maurici" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_da_Maur%C3%ADcia" title="Economia da Maurícia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Economia da Maurícia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Экономика Маврикия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Экономика Маврикия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Економија Маурицијуса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Економија Маурицијуса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:26.0em;padding:0;"><caption class="infobox-title adr">Economy of <span class="country-name">Mauritius</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mauritius_port_louis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mauritius_port_louis.jpg/220px-Mauritius_port_louis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mauritius_port_louis.jpg/330px-Mauritius_port_louis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Mauritius_port_louis.jpg/440px-Mauritius_port_louis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5272" data-file-height="3948" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The capital <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_rupee" title="Mauritian rupee">Mauritian rupee</a> (MUR, Rs)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">Fiscal year</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1 July – 30 June</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Trade organisations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">AU</a>, <a href="/wiki/African_Continental_Free_Trade_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="African Continental Free Trade Agreement">AfCFTA</a>, <a href="/wiki/WTO" class="mw-redirect" title="WTO">WTO</a>, <a href="/wiki/COMESA" class="mw-redirect" title="COMESA">COMESA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">SADC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Commission" title="Indian Ocean Commission">IOC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim_Association" title="Indian Ocean Rim Association">IORA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Country group</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">Developing/Emerging</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Upper-middle income economy<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1,266,060 (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $16.359 billion (nominal, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOMU_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOMU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $40.468 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOMU_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOMU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GDP rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">133rd (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">136th (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP growth</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>-14.9% (2020) 3.9% <abbr title="2021 estimate">(2021e)</abbr></li> <li>5.9% <abbr title="2022 forecast">(2022f)</abbr> 6.0% <abbr title="2023 forecast">(2023f)</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $12,973 (nominal, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOMU_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOMU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $32,094 (PPP, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-IMFWEOMU_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOMU-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita rank</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">69th (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">60th (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP by sector</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">agriculture</a>: 4%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Secondary sector of the economy">industry</a>: 21.8%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">services</a>: 74.1%</li> <li>(2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">CPI</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">4.7% (2020 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-2020/01_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020/01-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Population below <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Poverty_threshold" title="Poverty threshold">poverty line</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data">8% (2006 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient"><span class="wrap">Gini coefficient</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">36.8 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkorange">medium</span> (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.802 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span> (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">63rd</a>)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.666 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkorange">medium</span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inequality-adjusted_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI">IHDI</a> (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 559,558 (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 65.3% employment rate (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force by occupation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">agriculture</a>: 8%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Secondary sector of the economy">industry</a>: 29.8%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">services</a>: 62.2%</li> <li>(2014 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unemployment</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8.6% (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main industries</div></th><td class="infobox-data">food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles, clothing, mining, rum distilling and chemicals, metal products, transport equipment, nonelectrical machinery, tourism</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">External</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Exports</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $2.36 billion (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Export goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data">clothing and textiles, sugar, cut flowers, molasses, fish, primates (for research)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main export partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> 28.5%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> 12.5%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> 12%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> 9%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> 6.7%</li> <li>(2017)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Imports</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $4.986 billion (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Import goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data">manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main import partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> 17.9%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> 15.7%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> 11.1%</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> 9.7%</li> <li>(2017)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">FDI</a> stock</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> NA<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> Abroad: NA<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Current_account_(balance_of_payments)" title="Current account (balance of payments)"><span class="wrap">Current account</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> −$875 million (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Gross <a href="/wiki/External_debt" title="External debt"><span class="wrap">external debt</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Negative increase"><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $19.99 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Public finances</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_debt" title="List of countries by government debt"><span class="wrap">Government debt</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Positive decrease"><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 64% of GDP (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_budget_balance" title="Government budget balance"><span class="wrap">Budget balance</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">−0.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenues</th><td class="infobox-data">2.994 billion (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expenses</th><td class="infobox-data">3.038 billion (2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Economic aid</th><td class="infobox-data">$42 million (1997)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves" title="Foreign exchange reserves"><span class="wrap">Foreign reserves</span></a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> $5.984 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<sup id="cite_ref-CIAWFMU_6-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAWFMU-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:lightblue;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em;padding:0.2em;"> <i>All values, unless otherwise stated, are in <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollars</a>.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> The <b>economy of Mauritius</b> is a mixed developing economy based on agriculture, exports, financial services, and tourism.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the 1980s, the government of <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> has sought to diversify the country's economy beyond its dependence on just agriculture, particularly sugar production.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Efefef.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Efefef.jpg/220px-Efefef.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Efefef.jpg/330px-Efefef.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Efefef.jpg/440px-Efefef.jpg 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="224" /></a><figcaption>Sugarcane.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg/220px-African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg/330px-African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg/440px-African_working_in_the_salt_marshes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>Working in the salt marshes.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1961, Professor James Meade painted a bleak picture of the economic prospects of Mauritius, which then had a population of 650,000. All the disadvantages associated with smallness of island states weighed heavily in his conviction that Mauritius was caught in a Malthusian trap and, therefore, if economic progress could at all be achieved, it would be to a very limited extent. Since independence in 1968, <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> has developed from a low-income, agriculturally based economy to an upper-middle income<sup id="cite_ref-World_Bank_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Bank-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> diversified economy with growing industrial, financial, ICT and tourist sectors. For most of the period, annual growth has been roughly 4%. This compares very favorably with other <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">sub-Saharan African</a> countries and is largely due to sustained progress in economic conditions; between 1977 and 2008, growth averaged 4.6% compared with a 2.9% average in sub-Saharan Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also important is that it has achieved what few fast growing economies achieve, a more <a href="/wiki/Equity_(economics)" title="Equity (economics)">equitable income distribution</a> and inequality (as measured by the <a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini coefficient</a>) fell from 45.7 to 38.9 between 1980 and 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This remarkable achievement has been reflected in increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much-improved infrastructure. Sugarcane is grown on about 90% of the cultivated land area and accounts for 25% of export earnings. The government's development strategy centers on expanding local financial institutions and building a domestic information telecommunications industry. Mauritius has attracted more than 9,000 offshore entities, many aimed at commerce in India and South Africa, and investment in the banking sector alone has reached over $1 billion. Mauritius, with its strong textile sector, has been well poised to take advantage of the <a href="/wiki/Africa_Growth_and_Opportunity_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Africa Growth and Opportunity Act">Africa Growth and Opportunity Act</a> (AGOA). </p><p>Mauritius has attracted US$10.98 billion in <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">Foreign direct investment</a> inflows. Top sectors attracting FDI inflows from Mauritius (from January 2000 to December, 2005) are electrical equipment, telecommunications, fuels, cement and gypsum products and services sector (financial and non-financial). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>With a well-developed legal and commercial infrastructure and a tradition of entrepreneurship and representative government, Mauritius is one of the developing world's most successful democracies. The economy has shown a considerable degree of resilience, and an environment already conducive to dynamic entrepreneurial activity has moved further toward <a href="/wiki/Economic_freedom" title="Economic freedom">economic freedom</a>. The island's institutional advantages are noticeable. A transparent and well-defined investment code and legal system have made the foreign investment climate in Mauritius one of the best in the region. Taxation is competitive and efficient. The economy is increasingly diversified, with significant private-sector activity in sugar, tourism, economic processing zones, and financial services, particularly in offshore enterprises. The government is trying to modernize the sugar and textile industries, which in the past were overly dependent on trade preferences, while promoting diversification into such areas as information and communications technology, financial and business services, seafood processing and exports, and free trade zones. Agriculture and industry have become less important to the economy, and services, especially tourism, accounted for over 72 percent of GDP. The government still owns utilities and controls imports of rice, flour, petroleum products, and cement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mauritian economy has undergone remarkable transformations since independence.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From a poor country with high unemployment exporting mainly sugar and buffeted by the vagaries of world demand, Mauritius has become relatively prosperous and diverse, although not without problems.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1970s were marked by a strong government commitment to diversify the economy and to provide more high-paying jobs to the population.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The promotion of tourism and the creation of the EPZs did much to attain these goals.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1971 and 1977, about 64,000 jobs were created.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the rush to make work, the government allowed EPZ firms to deny their workers fair wages, the right to organize and strike, and the health and social benefits afforded other Mauritian workers.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The boom in the mid-1970s was also fueled by increased foreign aid and exceptional sugar crops, coupled with high world prices.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economic situation deteriorated in the late 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Petroleum prices rose, the sugar boom ended, and the balance of payments deficit steadily rose as imports outpaced exports; by 1979 the deficit amounted to a staggering US$111 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mauritius approached the IMF and the World Bank for assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In exchange for loans and credits to help pay for imports, the government agreed to institute certain measures, including cutting food subsidies, devaluing the currency, and limiting government wage increases.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 1980s, thanks to a widespread political consensus on broad policy measures, the economy experienced steady growth, declining inflation, high employment, and increased domestic savings.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The EPZ with investment principally from China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and came into its own, surpassing sugar as the principal export-earning sector and employing more workers than the sugar industry and the government combined, previously the two largest employers.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1986 Mauritius had its first trade surplus in twelve years.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tourism also boomed, with a concomitant expansion in the number of hotel beds and air flights.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An aura of optimism accompanied the country's economic success and prompted comparisons with other Asian countries that had dynamic economies, including Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, and South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economy had slowed down by the late 1980s and early 1990s, but the government was optimistic that it could ensure the long-term prosperity of the country by drawing up and implementing prudent development plans.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A stock exchange opened in Port Louis in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 1993, Mauritius had a gross domestic product (GDP) estimated at US$8.6 billion, with a growth rate of 5.5 percent, and an inflation rate of 10.5 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-Toth_17-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toth-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policies_for_success">Policies for success</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Policies for success"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Recent reports on progress on the Millennium Development Goals by the <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Development_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Overseas Development Institute">Overseas Development Institute</a> indicated four key reasons for economic success.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Heterodox liberalisation and diversification</li> <li>Concerted strategy of nation building</li> <li>Strong and inclusive institutions</li> <li>High levels of equitable public investment</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heterodox_liberalisation_and_diversification">Heterodox liberalisation and diversification</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Heterodox liberalisation and diversification"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mauritius has followed a pragmatic development strategy in which <a href="/wiki/Liberalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberalisation">liberalisation</a> process was sequenced and tailored to its <a href="/wiki/Competitive_advantage" title="Competitive advantage">competitive advantages</a> and weaknesses.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The export-orientated approach has encouraged liberalisation supported by strong state involvement as a facilitator (of the enabling environment for the private sector); as operator (to encourage competition); and as <a href="/wiki/Regulator_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Regulator (economics)">regulator</a> (to protect the economy as well as vulnerable groups and sectors from shocks).<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strategies were evidence-based and adapted according to results.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There has been consistency and stability, regardless of which political party is in power.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Liberalisation occurred in phases that were initiated to build on advantages the economy enjoyed on the international market.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1970s: Mauritius profited from sugar rents, established an <a href="/wiki/Export_processing_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Export processing zone">export processing zone</a> EPZ and successfully attracted capital and foreign investment in manufacturing, from China, Hong Kong and Taiwan.</li> <li>1980s–1990s: EPZ expanded and led to a significant increase in <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a> (FDI) and tourism. Preferential access to sugar and clothing markets amounted to 7% of GDP in the 1980s and 4.5% in the 1990s, capital and current accounts were liberalised, contributing to an investment and employment boom and the high inflow of FDI brought with it managerial skills.</li> <li>1990s–2010: Further diversification, liberalisation and investment as Chinese investors left to pursue investments in Africa and China.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concerted_strategy_of_nation_building">Concerted strategy of nation building</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Concerted strategy of nation building"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A concerted strategy of nation building since Independence created the foundations for sustained growth.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Partnerships across ethnic groups allowed economic redistribution to be negotiated and the resulting better balance of economic and political power allowed strong and independent institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The emerging political system encouraged a consultative approach to policy formation that allowed strategies for growth to be continued regardless of changes in the parties in power.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Strong_and_inclusive_institutions">Strong and inclusive institutions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Strong and inclusive institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Strong institutions are critical in ensuring country's competitiveness, economic resilience and stability.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have supported development strategies and ensured that export earnings are reinvested in strategic and productive sectors. In the financial sector, they have built a regulated and well-capitalised banking and financial system that protected it from toxic assets prior to the <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">2007–2008 financial crisis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Corruption_laws">Corruption laws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Corruption laws"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2002, the government adopted the Prevention of Corruption Act, which led to the setting up of an <a href="/wiki/Independent_Commission_Against_Corruption_(Mauritius)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent Commission Against Corruption (Mauritius)">Independent Commission Against Corruption</a> (ICAC) a few months later. The ICAC has the power to detect and investigate corruption and money-laundering offenses and can also confiscate the proceeds of corruption and money laundering. Corruption is not seen as an obstacle to foreign direct investment. Mauritius ranks 55th out of 168 countries in <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a>’s <a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Perceptions Index</a> for 2023. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High_levels_of_equitable_public_investment">High levels of equitable public investment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: High levels of equitable public investment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mauritius has a strong human capital foundation developed through consistent and equitable investment in human development.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This enabled Mauritius to exploit advantages, learn from expertise brought in through FDI and maintain competitiveness in a fast evolving international market.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Education and health services are free and have been expanded in recent years, in order to create further employment opportunities and ensuring inclusive growth. The educated and adaptable workforce were essential elements of 1980s export-orientated growth.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 90% of <a href="/wiki/Entrepreneurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Entrepreneurs">entrepreneurs</a> in the export processing zone (EPZ) and in the manufacturing sector were eventually Mauritian nationals, businesspeople had the human capital, education and knowledge needed to exploit market opportunities.<sup id="cite_ref-ODI1_16-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODI1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Government of Mauritius the general outlook for the manufacturing sector is positive, as the country offers many opportunities to entrepreneurs across the various value chains but insufficient skilled labour and limited research and development will remain impediments to potentially higher growth in this sector.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Financial_services">Financial services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Financial services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mauritius provides an environment for banks, insurance and reinsurance companies, captive insurance managers, trading companies, ship owners or managers, fund managers and professionals to conduct their international business. The economic success achieved in the 1980s engendered the rapid growth of the financial services sector in Mauritius. The following types of offshore activities can be conducted in Mauritius: </p> <ul><li>Offshore Banking</li> <li>Offshore Insurance</li> <li>Offshore Funds Management</li> <li>International Financial Services</li> <li>Operational Headquarters</li> <li>International Consultancy Services</li> <li>Shipping and Ship Management</li> <li>Aircraft Financing and Leasing</li> <li>International Licensing and Franchising</li> <li>International Data Processing and Information Technology Services</li> <li>Offshore Pension Funds</li> <li>International Trading</li> <li>International Assets Management</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Information_and_communication_technology">Information and communication technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Information and communication technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2002, Mauritius has invested heavily into the development of a hub in information and communication technology (ICT). The contribution of the ICT sector accounts for 5.7% of the GDP.<sup id="cite_ref-stats_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICT Sector employs 15,390 people.<sup id="cite_ref-stats_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_employment_services">International employment services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: International employment services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>This section is empty.</b> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2017</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Mauritius" title="Agriculture in Mauritius">Agriculture in Mauritius</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sugar_industry">Sugar industry</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sugar industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sugar_industry_of_Mauritius" title="Sugar industry of Mauritius">Sugar industry of Mauritius</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Macroeconomic_statistics">Macroeconomic statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Macroeconomic statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 85%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Source </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Notes </th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">GDP (PPP)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) is $20.200 billion </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2013/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=97&pr.y=12&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=684&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a=">[1]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) is $19,245,631,329 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD/countries/order%3Dwbapi_data_value_2012%20wbapi_data_value%20wbapi_data_value-last?order=wbapi_data_value_2012%20wbapi_data_value%20wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc&display=default">[2]</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP_PPP.pdf">[3]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) is $20,950,000,000 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140403103408/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2001rank.html?countryname=Mauritius&countrycode=mp&regionCode=afr&rank=131#mp">[4]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">GDP (PPP) per capita</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) per capita is $15,591.974 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2013&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=16&pr1.y=7&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C522%2C692%2C622%2C694%2C156%2C142%2C624%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=PPPPC&grp=0&a=">[5]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) per capita is $14,902 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD?order=wbapi_data_value_2012+wbapi_data_value+wbapi_data_value-last&sort=desc">[6]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>GDP (PPP) per capita is $16,100 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004710/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2004rank.html">[7]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_person_employed" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per person employed">GDP (PPP) per person employed</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>1990-2010 </td> <td> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://datacatalog.worldbank.org/">[8]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">[9]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130510200259/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">Archived</a> 2013-05-10 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">GDP (nominal)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (nominal) is $10,086,649,093 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/dnltransfer.asp?fID=2">[10]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>GDP (nominal) is US$11.930 billion </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2019&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=NGDPD&grp=0&a=&pr.x=84&pr.y=17">[11]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>GDP (nominal) is $10,486,037,634 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD">[12]</a><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GDP.pdf">[13]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>GDP (nominal) is $11.9 billion </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2195.html">[14]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224231351/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2195.html">Archived</a> 2018-12-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">GDP (nominal) per capita</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/snaama/selbasicFast.asp">[15]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>GDP (nominal) per capita is US$9,159.681 </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2014/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2013&ey=2013&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C668%2C914%2C672%2C612%2C946%2C614%2C137%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C135%2C321%2C716%2C243%2C456%2C248%2C722%2C469%2C942%2C253%2C718%2C642%2C724%2C643%2C576%2C939%2C936%2C644%2C961%2C819%2C813%2C172%2C199%2C132%2C733%2C646%2C184%2C648%2C524%2C915%2C361%2C134%2C362%2C652%2C364%2C174%2C732%2C328%2C366%2C258%2C734%2C656%2C144%2C654%2C146%2C336%2C463%2C263%2C528%2C268%2C923%2C532%2C738%2C944%2C578%2C176%2C537%2C534%2C742%2C536%2C866%2C429%2C369%2C433%2C744%2C178%2C186%2C436%2C925%2C136%2C869%2C343%2C746%2C158%2C926%2C439%2C466%2C916%2C112%2C664%2C111%2C826%2C298%2C542%2C927%2C967%2C846%2C443%2C299%2C917%2C582%2C544%2C474%2C941%2C754%2C446%2C698%2C666&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a=&pr.x=41&pr.y=13">[16]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://databank.worldbank.org/data/home.aspx">[17]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2195.html">[18]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224231351/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2195.html">Archived</a> 2018-12-24 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">Gross national income (Atlas method)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Gross national income is US$11,070 million </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GNI.pdf">[19]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (PPP) per capita">GNI per capita (Atlas method and PPP)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>Average national income (PPP) of US$8,570 per person/Year </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://databank.worldbank.org/data/download/GNIPC.pdf">[20]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Household income or consumption by percentage share</b>: </p><p><b>Distribution of family income – Gini index</b>: 39 <small>(2006 estimate)</small> </p><p><b>Agriculture – products</b>: sugarcane, tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses; cattle, goats; fish </p><p><b>Industrial production growth rate</b>: 8% <small>(2000 estimate)</small> </p><p><b>Electricity – production</b>: 1,836 <a href="/wiki/Watt_hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Watt hour">GWh</a> <small>(2002)</small> </p><p><b>Electricity – consumption</b>: 1,707 GWh <small>(2002)</small> </p><p><b>Oil – consumption</b>: 21,000 bbl/d (3,300 m<sup>3</sup>/d) <small>(2003 estimate)</small> <br /> 21,000 bbl/d (3,300 m<sup>3</sup>/d) <small>(2001 estimate)</small> </p><p><b>Current account balance</b>: $1,339 million <small>(2011 estimate)</small> <br /> $799.4 million <small>(2010 estimate)</small> </p><p><b>Reserves of foreign exchange and gold</b>: $2,797 billion <small>(2012 estimate)</small> <br />$2,601 billion <small>(2010 estimate)</small> </p><p><b>2013 Index of Economic Freedom rank</b>: 8th<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><b>Exchange rates</b>: Mauritian rupees per US dollar – 30.12 <small>(26 March 2014)</small>, 30.99 <small>(1 February 2010)</small>, 32.86 <small>(2006)</small>, 29.14 <small>(2005)</small>, 27.50 <small>(2004)</small>, 27.90 <small>(2003)</small>, 29.96 <small>(2002)</small>, 29.13 <small>(2001)</small> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate_change_and_the_economy">Climate change and the economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Climate change and the economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mauritius faces significant environmental challenges such as <a href="/wiki/Flash_flood" title="Flash flood">flash floods</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coastal_erosion" title="Coastal erosion">coastal erosion</a>, which have substantial economic implications. In June 2024, the government announced plans to introduce a 2% climate levy on company profits to finance projects that combat <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a> and restore the natural ecosystem. Companies with sales of less than 50 million rupees ($1.06 million) will be exempt from this levy. The proceeds from this corporate responsibility levy will be used to support national initiatives to protect, manage, invest in, and restore the country's natural ecosystem and combat the effects of climate change. The nation of 1.26 million people is experiencing more climate change-related events and needs to mobilize 300 billion rupees to meet its adaptation and mitigation goals.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhuckory_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhuckory-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2024, <a href="/wiki/Flash_flood" title="Flash flood">flash floods</a> brought the capital, <a href="/wiki/Port_Louis" title="Port Louis">Port Louis</a>, to a halt, causing significant disruptions in banking and market activities. <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a>, a crucial source of foreign currency for Mauritius, is expected to generate over $2 billion in earnings from visitors this year. However, more than 37 kilometers (23 miles) of the coastline have been affected by erosion, posing a threat to this vital industry. In response, the government has allocated 3.2 billion rupees to the new climate fund, which will be used to rehabilitate approximately 26 kilometers of shoreline and 30 degraded sites. For the fiscal year ending in June 2025, Mauritius' government expenditure is projected to rise by 17% to 237.3 billion rupees, with revenue expected to grow by 20% to 210.5 billion rupees. This will narrow the <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_gap" title="Fiscal gap">fiscal gap</a> to 3.4% of GDP from 3.9% in 2024. Borrowing requirements will increase to 38 billion rupees from 30.7 billion rupees, including 14 billion rupees in foreign financing. Despite higher borrowing, public debt as a percentage of GDP is projected to decrease to 71.5% from 74.5% in 2024, though in absolute terms, it will rise to 567.49 billion rupees from 524.6 billion rupees. Additionally, a government-support agreement is expected to unlock over 15 billion rupees in private-sector investment in renewable energy projects, demonstrating the government's commitment to sustainable development and economic resilience.<sup id="cite_ref-Bhuckory_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhuckory-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Board_of_Investment_(Mauritius)" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Investment (Mauritius)">Board of Investment (Mauritius)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Mauritius" title="Bank of Mauritius">Bank of Mauritius</a> (central bank)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_industry_of_Mauritius" title="Mineral industry of Mauritius">Mineral industry of Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_Commission_for_Africa" title="United Nations Economic Commission for Africa">United Nations Economic Commission for Africa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes and references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mauritius_topics" title="Template:Mauritius topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mauritius_topics" title="Template talk:Mauritius topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mauritius_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mauritius topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mauritius_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Mauritius-related_articles" title="Index of Mauritius-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Mauritius" title="History of Mauritius">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mauritius" title="Geography of Mauritius">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Mauritius" title="Wildlife of Mauritius">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Outer_Islands_of_Mauritius" title="Outer Islands of Mauritius">Outer islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agal%C3%A9ga" title="Agaléga">Agaléga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Brandon" title="St. Brandon">Cargados Carajos <span style="font-size:85%;">(St. Brandon)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigues" title="Rodrigues">Rodrigues</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islets_of_Mauritius" title="Islets of Mauritius">Islets of Mauritius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fishing_bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Fishing bank">Fishing banks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawkins_Bank" title="Hawkins Bank">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Bank" title="Nazareth Bank">Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saya_de_Malha_Bank" title="Saya de Malha Bank">Saya de Malha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soudan_Banks" title="Soudan Banks">Soudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Mauritius" title="Districts of Mauritius">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flacq_District" title="Flacq District">Flacq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Port_District" title="Grand Port District">Grand Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moka_District" title="Moka District">Moka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamplemousses_District" title="Pamplemousses District">Pamplemousses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaines_Wilhems_District" title="Plaines Wilhems District">Plaines Wilhems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Louis_District" title="Port Louis District">Port Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivi%C3%A8re_du_Rempart_District" title="Rivière du Rempart District">Rivière du Rempart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivi%C3%A8re_Noire_District" title="Rivière Noire District">Rivière Noire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savanne_District" title="Savanne District">Savanne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Claims</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chagos_Archipelago" title="Chagos Archipelago">Chagos Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius" title="Coat of arms of Mauritius"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mauritius_%28Original_version%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="692" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Mauritius" title="Politics of Mauritius">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Mauritius" title="Cabinet of Mauritius">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Mauritius" title="Constitution of Mauritius">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mauritius" title="Elections in Mauritius">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Mauritius" title="Foreign relations of Mauritius">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Mauritius" title="Government of Mauritius">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Mauritius">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Mauritius">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly of Mauritius">National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Mauritius" title="List of political parties in Mauritius">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Mauritius" title="Supreme Court of Mauritius">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Mauritius" title="Agriculture in Mauritius">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Mauritius" title="List of companies of Mauritius">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mineral_industry_of_Mauritius" title="Mineral industry of Mauritius">Minerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_rupee" title="Mauritian rupee">Rupee <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugar_industry_of_Mauritius" title="Sugar industry of Mauritius">Sugar industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Mauritius" title="Telecommunications in Mauritius">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Mauritius" title="Tourism in Mauritius">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Mauritius" title="Transport in Mauritius">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Mauritius" title="Category:Society of Mauritius">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mauritius" title="Abortion in Mauritius">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Mauritius" title="Demographics of Mauritius">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_Creole_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian Creole people">Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco-Mauritians" title="Franco-Mauritians">Franco-Mauritians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Mauritian" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Mauritian">Indo-Mauritian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Mauritian" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Mauritian">Sino-Mauritian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Mauritius" title="Education in Mauritius">Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Mauritius" title="Culture of Mauritius">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_cuisine" title="Mauritian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_creole" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauritian creole">Creole language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodo" title="Dodo">Dodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritian_literature" title="Mauritian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritians" title="Mauritians">Mauritians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Mauritius">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mauritius" title="Music of Mauritius">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sega_(genre)" title="Sega (genre)">Sega</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Mauritius" title="Religion in Mauritius">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Mauritius">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Mauritius" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Mauritius">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Mauritius" title="Outline of Mauritius">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Mauritius-related_articles" title="Index of Mauritius-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mauritius" title="Category:Mauritius">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Trade_Organization" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template talk:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Trade_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Member states of the World Trade Organization">Accession and membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appellate_Body" title="Appellate Body">Appellate Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" title="Dispute Settlement Body">Dispute Settlement Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization">Chronology of key events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Criticism of the World Trade Organization">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Development_Round" title="Doha Development Round">Doha Development Round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_issues" title="Singapore issues">Singapore issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quota_Elimination" title="Quota Elimination">Quota Elimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Clause" title="Peace Clause">Peace Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Agriculture" title="Agreement on Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures">Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade">Technical Barriers to Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Investment_Measures" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures">Trade-Related Investment Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Trade_in_Services" title="General Agreement on Trade in Services">Trade in Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRIPS_Agreement" title="TRIPS Agreement">Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Government_Procurement" title="Agreement on Government Procurement">Government Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Agreement" title="Information Technology Agreement">Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_Agreement" title="Marrakesh Agreement">Marrakesh Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Declaration_on_the_TRIPS_agreement_and_public_health" title="Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health">Doha Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Package" title="Bali Package">Bali Package</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" title="Ministerial Conference">Ministerial<br />Conferences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1996" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996">1st (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1998" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998">2nd (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1999" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999">3rd (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2001" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001">4th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2003" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003">5th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005">6th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2009" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009">7th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011">8th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013">9th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2015" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015">10th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2017" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017">11th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2022" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022">12th (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngozi_Okonjo-Iweala" title="Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala">Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Director-General_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Director-General of the World Trade Organization">Director-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Azev%C3%AAdo" title="Roberto Azevêdo">Roberto Azevêdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" title="Supachai Panitchpakdi">Supachai Panitchpakdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" title="Alejandro Jara">Alejandro Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" title="Rufus Yerxa">Rufus Yerxa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Afghanistan" title="Economy of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Argentina" title="Economy of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" title="Economy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" title="Economy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" title="Economy of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar" title="Economy of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Canada" title="Economy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Colombia" title="Economy of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Economy of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Dominica" title="Economy of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Economy of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" title="Economy of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" title="Economy of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" title="Economy of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" title="Economy of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" title="Economy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Economy of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Laos" title="Economy of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liberia" title="Economy of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Macau</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mexico" title="Economy of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nicaragua" title="Economy of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Panama" title="Economy of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Economy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Peru" title="Economy of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Samoa" title="Economy of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Economy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tajikistan" title="Economy of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tonga" title="Economy of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uruguay" title="Economy of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" title="Economy of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="European_Union" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China</a>, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".</li> <li>Officially the Republic of China, participates as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu</a>", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.</li></ol> <p><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></b> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economy_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Africa" title="Economy of Africa">Economy of Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Comoros" title="Economy of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Economy of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eritrea" title="Economy of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ethiopia" title="Economy of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Economy of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liberia" title="Economy of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Libya" title="Economy of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Economy of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Somalia" title="Economy of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Sudan" title="Economy of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sudan" title="Economy of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Somaliland" title="Economy of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ceuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Melilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Melilla">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Madeira">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mayotte" title="Economy of Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Economy of Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Helena" title="Economy of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ascension_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tristan_da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Western_Sahara" title="Economy of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&oldid=1261459661">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Mauritius&oldid=1261459661</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Economy_of_Mauritius" title="Category:Economy of Mauritius">Economy of Mauritius</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:African_Union_member_economies" title="Category:African Union member economies">African Union member 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