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diffusion.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: diffusion."> <meta name="keywords" content="diffusion."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="diffusion."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 366</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: diffusion.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">366</span> Mass Transfer Modeling of Nitrate in an Ion Exchange Selective Resin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Hekmatzadeh">A. A. Hekmatzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Karimi-Jashani"> A. Karimi-Jashani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Talebbeydokhti"> N. Talebbeydokhti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rate of nitrate adsorption by a nitrate selective ion exchange resin was investigated in a well-stirred batch experiments. The kinetic experimental data were simulated with diffusion models including external mass transfer, particle diffusion and chemical adsorption. Particle pore volume diffusion and particle surface diffusion were taken into consideration separately and simultaneously in the modeling. The model equations were solved numerically using the Crank-Nicholson scheme. An optimization technique was employed to optimize the model parameters. All nitrate concentration decay data were well described with the all diffusion models. The results indicated that the kinetic process is initially controlled by external mass transfer and then by particle diffusion. The external mass transfer coefficient and the coefficients of pore volume diffusion and surface diffusion in all experiments were close to each other with the average value of 8.3脳10-3 cm/S for external mass transfer coefficient. In addition, the models are more sensitive to the mass transfer coefficient in comparison with particle diffusion. Moreover, it seems that surface diffusion is the dominant particle diffusion in comparison with pore volume diffusion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=External%20mass%20transfer" title="External mass transfer">External mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pore%20volume%20diffusion" title=" pore volume diffusion"> pore volume diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=surface%20diffusion" title=" surface diffusion"> surface diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mass%20action%20law%20isotherm." title=" mass action law isotherm."> mass action law isotherm.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/mass-transfer-modeling-of-nitrate-in-an-ion-exchange-selective-resin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12632.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">365</span> Modeling and Simulating Reaction-Diffusion Systems with State-Dependent Diffusion Coefficients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paola%20Lecca">Paola Lecca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lorenzo%20Dematte"> Lorenzo Dematte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Corrado%20Priami"> Corrado Priami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The present models and simulation algorithms of intracellular stochastic kinetics are usually based on the premise that diffusion is so fast that the concentrations of all the involved species are homogeneous in space. However, recents experimental measurements of intracellular diffusion constants indicate that the assumption of a homogeneous well-stirred cytosol is not necessarily valid even for small prokaryotic cells. In this work a mathematical treatment of diffusion that can be incorporated in a stochastic algorithm simulating the dynamics of a reaction-diffusion system is presented. The movement of a molecule A from a region i to a region j of the space is represented as a first order reaction Ai k- ! Aj , where the rate constant k depends on the diffusion coefficient. The diffusion coefficients are modeled as function of the local concentration of the solutes, their intrinsic viscosities, their frictional coefficients and the temperature of the system. The stochastic time evolution of the system is given by the occurrence of diffusion events and chemical reaction events. At each time step an event (reaction or diffusion) is selected from a probability distribution of waiting times determined by the intrinsic reaction kinetics and diffusion dynamics. To demonstrate the method the simulation results of the reaction-diffusion system of chaperoneassisted protein folding in cytoplasm are shown.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reaction-diffusion%20systems" title="Reaction-diffusion systems">Reaction-diffusion systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusion%20coefficient" title=" diffusion coefficient"> diffusion coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stochastic%20simulation%20algorithm." title=" stochastic simulation algorithm."> stochastic simulation algorithm.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/modeling-and-simulating-reaction-diffusion-systems-with-state-dependent-diffusion-coefficients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">364</span> Multigrid Bilateral Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zongqing%20Lu">Zongqing Lu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It has proved that nonlinear diffusion and bilateral filtering (BF) have a closed connection. Early effort and contribution are to find a generalized representation to link them by using adaptive filtering. In this paper a new further relationship between nonlinear diffusion and bilateral filtering is explored which pays more attention to numerical calculus. We give a fresh idea that bilateral filtering can be accelerated by multigrid (MG) scheme which likes the nonlinear diffusion, and show that a bilateral filtering process with large kernel size can be approximated by a nonlinear diffusion process based on full multigrid (FMG) scheme. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bilateral%20filter" title="Bilateral filter">Bilateral filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multigrid" title=" multigrid"> multigrid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/multigrid-bilateral-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1863</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">363</span> A Study of Numerical Reaction-Diffusion Systems on Closed Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mei-Hsiu%20Chi">Mei-Hsiu Chi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jyh-Yang%20Wu"> Jyh-Yang Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sheng-Gwo%20Chen"> Sheng-Gwo Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The diffusion-reaction equations are important Partial Differential Equations in mathematical biology, material science, physics, and so on. However, finding efficient numerical methods for diffusion-reaction systems on curved surfaces is still an important and difficult problem. The purpose of this paper is to present a convergent geometric method for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on closed surfaces by an O(r)-LTL configuration method. The O(r)-LTL configuration method combining the local tangential lifting technique and configuration equations is an effective method to estimate differential quantities on curved surfaces. Since estimating the Laplace-Beltrami operator is an important task for solving the reaction-diffusion equations on surfaces, we use the local tangential lifting method and a generalized finite difference method to approximate the Laplace-Beltrami operators and we solve this reaction-diffusion system on closed surfaces. Our method is not only conceptually simple, but also easy to implement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Close%20surfaces" title="Close surfaces">Close surfaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=high-order%20approach" title=" high-order approach"> high-order approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=numerical%20solutions" title=" numerical solutions"> numerical solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20systems." title=" reaction-diffusion systems. "> reaction-diffusion systems. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/a-study-of-numerical-reaction-diffusion-systems-on-closed-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005660.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">362</span> Thermophoretic Deposition of Nanoparticles Due Toa Permeable Rotating Disk: Effects of Partial Slip, Magnetic Field, Thermal Radiation, Thermal-Diffusion, and Diffusion-Thermo</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20M.%20Rahman">M. M. Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present contribution deals with the thermophoretic deposition of nanoparticles over a rapidly rotating permeable disk in the presence of partial slip, magnetic field, thermal radiation, thermal-diffusion, and diffusion-thermo effects. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations such as continuity, momentum, energy and concentration are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity analysis, and the solutions are obtained through the very efficient computer algebra software MATLAB. Graphical results for non-dimensional concentration and temperature profiles including thermophoretic deposition velocity and Stanton number (thermophoretic deposition flux) in tabular forms are presented for a range of values of the parameters characterizing the flow field. It is observed that slip mechanism, thermal-diffusion, diffusion-thermo, magnetic field and radiation significantly control the thermophoretic particles deposition rate. The obtained results may be useful to many industrial and engineering applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boundary%20layer%20flows" title="Boundary layer flows">Boundary layer flows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=convection" title=" convection"> convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusion-thermo" title=" diffusion-thermo"> diffusion-thermo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rotating%20disk" title="rotating disk">rotating disk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal-diffusion" title=" thermal-diffusion"> thermal-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermophoresis." title=" thermophoresis."> thermophoresis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/thermophoretic-deposition-of-nanoparticles-due-toa-permeable-rotating-disk-effects-of-partial-slip-magnetic-field-thermal-radiation-thermal-diffusion-and-diffusion-thermo" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3791.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1994</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">361</span> Using the V-Sphere Code for the Passive Scalar in the Wake of a Bluff Body</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Obikane">Y. Obikane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Nemoto"> T. Nemoto </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Ogura"> K. Ogura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Iwata"> M. Iwata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Ono"> K. Ono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The objective of this research was to find the diffusion properties of vehicles on the road by using the V-Sphere Code. The diffusion coefficient and the size of the height of the wake were estimated with the LES option and the third order MUSCL scheme. We evaluated the code with the changes in the moments of Reynolds Stress along the mean streamline. The results show that at the leading part of a bluff body the LES has some advantages over the RNS since the changes in the strain rates are larger for the leading part. We estimated that the diffusion coefficient with the computed Reynolds stress (non-dimensional) was about 0.96 times the mean velocity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wake" title="Wake ">Wake </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bluff%20body" title=" bluff body"> bluff body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=V-CAD" title="V-CAD">V-CAD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turbulence%20diffusion." title=" turbulence diffusion."> turbulence diffusion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/using-the-v-sphere-code-for-the-passive-scalar-in-the-wake-of-a-bluff-body" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">360</span> The Effects of Tissue Optical Parameters and Interface Reflectivity on Light Diffusion in Biological Tissues</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MA.%20Ansari">MA. Ansari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In cancer progress, the optical properties of tissues like absorption and scattering coefficient change, so by these changes, we can trace the progress of cancer, even it can be applied for pre-detection of cancer. In this paper, we investigate the effects of changes of optical properties on light penetrated into tissues. The diffusion equation is widely used to simulate light propagation into biological tissues. In this study, the boundary integral method (BIM) is used to solve the diffusion equation. We illustrate that the changes of optical properties can modified the reflectance or penetrating light. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion%20equation" title="Diffusion equation">Diffusion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boundary%20element%20method" title=" boundary element method"> boundary element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=refractive%20index" title=" refractive index"> refractive index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/the-effects-of-tissue-optical-parameters-and-interface-reflectivity-on-light-diffusion-in-biological-tissues" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2017</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">359</span> Empirical Study on the Diffusion of Smartphones and Consumer Behaviour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20Isada">F. Isada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Y.%20Isada"> Y. Isada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this research, the diffusion of innovation regarding smartphone usage is analysed through a consumer behaviour theory. This research aims to determine whether a pattern surrounding the diffusion of innovation exists. As a methodology, an empirical study of the switch from a conventional cell phone to a smartphone was performed. Specifically, a questionnaire survey was completed by general consumers, and the situational and behavioural characteristics of switching from a cell phone to a smartphone were analysed. In conclusion, we found that the speed of the diffusion of innovation, the consumer behaviour characteristics, and the utilities of the product vary according to the stage of the product life cycle.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion%20of%20innovation" title="Diffusion of innovation">Diffusion of innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=consumer%20behaviour" title=" consumer behaviour"> consumer behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=product%20life%20cycle" title=" product life cycle"> product life cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=smartphone" title=" smartphone"> smartphone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=empirical%20study" title=" empirical study"> empirical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=questionnaire%20survey." title=" questionnaire survey."> questionnaire survey.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/empirical-study-on-the-diffusion-of-smartphones-and-consumer-behaviour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2784</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">358</span> Diffusion and Impact of Business Analytics: A Conceptual Framework</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ramakrishnan%20Ramanathan">Ramakrishnan Ramanathan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yanqing%20Duan"> Yanqing Duan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangming%20Cao"> Guangming Cao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elaine%20Philpott"> Elaine Philpott</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We discuss a theoretical conceptual framework to help understand how the new business analytics technologies have diffused in firms. We draw on three theoretical perspectives for this purpose. They are innovation diffusion theory, IT Business Value and the technology-organization-environment theory. We develop a conceptual framework that helps understand the interlinkages among factors affecting diffusion of business analytics and its impact on performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Innovation%20diffusion" title="Innovation diffusion">Innovation diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IT-Business%20Value" title=" IT-Business Value"> IT-Business Value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Technology-Organization-Environment" title=" Technology-Organization-Environment"> Technology-Organization-Environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Business%20Analytics" title=" Business Analytics"> Business Analytics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Business%20performance" title=" Business performance"> Business performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/diffusion-and-impact-of-business-analytics-a-conceptual-framework" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1919.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">357</span> Influence Maximization in Dynamic Social Networks and Graphs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gkolfo%20I.%20Smani">Gkolfo I. Smani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vasileios%20Megalooikonomou"> Vasileios Megalooikonomou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Influence and influence diffusion have been studied extensively in social networks. However, most existing literature on this task are limited on static networks, ignoring the fact that the interactions between users change over time. In this paper, the problem of maximizing influence diffusion in dynamic social networks, i.e., the case of networks that change over time is studied. The DM algorithm is an extension of Matrix Influence (MATI) algorithm and solves the Influence Maximization (IM) problem in dynamic networks and is proposed under the Linear Threshold (LT) and Independent Cascade (IC) models. Experimental results show that our proposed algorithm achieves a diffusion performance better by 1.5 times than several state-of-the-art algorithms and comparable results in diffusion scale with the Greedy algorithm. Also, the proposed algorithm is 2.4 times faster than previous methods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Influence%20maximization" title="Influence maximization">Influence maximization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dynamic%20social%20networks" title=" dynamic social networks"> dynamic social networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=social%20influence." title=" social influence."> social influence.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/influence-maximization-in-dynamic-social-networks-and-graphs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">356</span> The Comparison of Finite Difference Methods for Radiation Diffusion Equations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ren%20Jian">Ren Jian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yang%20Shulin"> Yang Shulin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the difference between the Alternating Direction Method (ADM) and the Non-Splitting Method (NSM) is investigated, while both methods applied to the simulations for 2-D multimaterial radiation diffusion issues. Although the ADM have the same accuracy orders with the NSM on the uniform meshes, the accuracy of ADM will decrease on the distorted meshes or the boundary of domain. Numerical experiments are carried out to confirm the theoretical predication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Alternating%20Direction%20Method" title="Alternating Direction Method">Alternating Direction Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Non-SplittingMethod" title=" Non-SplittingMethod"> Non-SplittingMethod</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiation%20Diffusion." title=" Radiation Diffusion."> Radiation Diffusion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/the-comparison-of-finite-difference-methods-for-radiation-diffusion-equations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">355</span> Formation of Chemical Compound Layer at the Interface of Initial Substances A and B with Dominance of Diffusion of the A Atoms </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Samuel%20Akintunde"> Samuel Akintunde </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A theoretical approach to consider formation of chemical compound layer at the interface between initial substances <em>A</em> and <em>B</em> due to the interfacial interaction and diffusion is developed. It is considered situation when speed of interfacial interaction is large enough and diffusion of <em>A</em>-atoms through <em>AB</em>-layer is much more then diffusion of <em>B</em>-atoms. Atoms from <em>A</em>-layer diffuse toward <em>B</em>-atoms and form <em>AB</em>-atoms on the surface of <em>B</em>-layer. <em>B</em>-atoms are assumed to be immobile. The growth kinetics of the <em>AB</em>-layer is described by two differential equations with non-linear coupling, producing a good fit to the experimental data. It is shown that growth of the thickness of the <em>AB</em>-layer determines by dependence of chemical reaction rate on reactants concentration. In special case the thickness of the <em>AB</em>-layer can grow linearly or parabolically depending on that which of processes (interaction or the diffusion) controls the growth. The thickness of <em>AB</em>-layer as function of time is obtained. The moment of time (transition point) at which the linear growth are changed by parabolic is found.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Phase%20formation" title="Phase formation">Phase formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Binary%20systems" title=" Binary systems"> Binary systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Interfacial%20Reaction" title=" Interfacial Reaction"> Interfacial Reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion" title=" Diffusion"> Diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Compound%20layers" title=" Compound layers"> Compound layers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Growth%20kinetics." title=" Growth kinetics. "> Growth kinetics. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/formation-of-chemical-compound-layer-at-the-interface-of-initial-substances-a-and-b-with-dominance-of-diffusion-of-the-a-atoms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998530.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1760</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">354</span> Investigation of Mesoporous Silicon Carbonization Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20I.%20Kargin">N. I. Kargin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G.%20K.%20Safaraliev"> G. K. Safaraliev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Gusev"> A. S. Gusev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20O.%20Sultanov"> A. O. Sultanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20V.%20Siglovaya"> N. V. Siglovaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20M.%20Ryndya"> S. M. Ryndya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20A.%20Timofeev"> A. A. Timofeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, an experimental and theoretical study of the processes of mesoporous silicon carbonization during the formation of buffer layers for the subsequent epitaxy of 3C-SiC films and related wide-band-gap semiconductors is performed. Experimental samples were obtained by the method of chemical vapor deposition and investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Analytic expressions were obtained for the effective diffusion factor and carbon atoms diffusion length in a porous system. The proposed model takes into account the processes of Knudsen diffusion, coagulation and overgrowing of pores during the formation of a silicon carbide layer.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Silicon%20carbide" title="Silicon carbide">Silicon carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=porous%20silicon" title=" porous silicon"> porous silicon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=carbonization" title=" carbonization"> carbonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrochemical%20etching" title=" electrochemical etching"> electrochemical etching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusion." title=" diffusion."> diffusion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/investigation-of-mesoporous-silicon-carbonization-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">917</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">353</span> Scatterer Density in Nonlinear Diffusion for Speckle Reduction in Ultrasound Imaging: The Isotropic Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Badawi">Ahmed Badawi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a method for speckle reduction in medical ultrasound imaging while preserving the edges with the added advantages of adaptive noise filtering and speed. A nonlinear image diffusion method that incorporates local image parameter, namely, scatterer density in addition to gradient, to weight the nonlinear diffusion process, is proposed. The method was tested for the isotropic case with a contrast detail phantom and varieties of clinical ultrasound images, and then compared to linear and some other diffusion enhancement methods. Different diffusion parameters were tested and tuned to best reduce speckle noise and preserve edges. The method showed superior performance measured both quantitatively and qualitatively when incorporating scatterer density into the diffusivity function. The proposed filter can be used as a preprocessing step for ultrasound image enhancement before applying automatic segmentation, automatic volumetric calculations, or 3D ultrasound volume rendering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ultrasound%20imaging" title="Ultrasound imaging">Ultrasound imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear%20isotropic%20diffusion" title=" Nonlinear isotropic diffusion"> Nonlinear isotropic diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Speckle%20noise" title=" Speckle noise"> Speckle noise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Scattering." title=" Scattering."> Scattering.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/scatterer-density-in-nonlinear-diffusion-for-speckle-reduction-in-ultrasound-imaging-the-isotropic-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1022.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1950</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">352</span> Lattice Monte Carlo Analyses of Thermal Diffusion in Laminar Flow</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thomas%20Fiedler">Thomas Fiedler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irina%20V.%20Belova"> Irina V. Belova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graeme%20E.%20Murch"> Graeme E. Murch</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lattice Monte Carlo methods are an excellent choice for the simulation of non-linear thermal diffusion problems. In this paper, and for the first time, Lattice Monte Carlo analysis is performed on thermal diffusion combined with convective heat transfer. Laminar flow of water modeled as an incompressible fluid inside a copper pipe with a constant surface temperature is considered. For the simulation of thermal conduction, the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity of the water is accounted for. Using the novel Lattice Monte Carlo approach, temperature distributions and energy fluxes are obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Coupled%20Analysis" title="Coupled Analysis">Coupled Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Laminar%20Flow" title=" Laminar Flow"> Laminar Flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lattice%20MonteCarlo" title=" Lattice MonteCarlo"> Lattice MonteCarlo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thermal%20Diffusion" title=" Thermal Diffusion"> Thermal Diffusion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/lattice-monte-carlo-analyses-of-thermal-diffusion-in-laminar-flow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1993</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">351</span> Finite Volume Model to Study the Effect of Buffer on Cytosolic Ca2+ Advection Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brajesh%20Kumar%20Jha">Brajesh Kumar Jha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neeru%20Adlakha"> Neeru Adlakha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20N.%20Mehta"> M. N. Mehta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium [Ca2+] is an important second messenger which plays an important role in signal transduction. There are several parameters that affect its concentration profile like buffer source etc. The effect of stationary immobile buffer on Ca2+ concentration has been incorporated which is a very important parameter needed to be taken into account in order to make the model more realistic. Interdependence of all the important parameters like diffusion coefficient and influx over [Ca2+] profile has been studied. Model is developed in the form of advection diffusion equation together with buffer concentration. A program has been developed using finite volume method for the entire problem and simulated on an AMD-Turion 32-bit machine to compute the numerical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ca2%2B%20profile" title="Ca2+ profile">Ca2+ profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=buffer" title=" buffer"> buffer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Astrocytes" title=" Astrocytes"> Astrocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Advection%20diffusion" title=" Advection diffusion"> Advection diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FVM" title="FVM">FVM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/finite-volume-model-to-study-the-effect-of-buffer-on-cytosolic-ca2-advection-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1670</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">350</span> Nitrogen Effects on Ignition Delay Time in Supersonic Premixed and Diffusion Flames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20M.%20Tahsini">A. M. Tahsini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Computational study of two dimensional supersonic reacting hydrogen-air flows is performed to investigate the nitrogen effects on ignition delay time for premixed and diffusion flames. Chemical reaction is treated using detail kinetics and the advection upstream splitting method is used to calculate the numerical inviscid fluxes. The results show that just in stoichiometric condition for both premixed and diffusion flames, there is monotone dependency of the ignition delay time to the nitrogen addition. In other situations, the optimal condition from ignition viewpoint should be found using numerical investigations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion%20flame" title="Diffusion flame">Diffusion flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ignition%20delay%20time" title=" Ignition delay time"> Ignition delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mixing%20layer" title=" Mixing layer"> Mixing layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Numerical%20simulation" title=" Numerical simulation"> Numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Premixed%20flame" title=" Premixed flame"> Premixed flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supersonic%20flow." title=" Supersonic flow."> Supersonic flow.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/nitrogen-effects-on-ignition-delay-time-in-supersonic-premixed-and-diffusion-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1979</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">349</span> Stochastic Simulation of Reaction-Diffusion Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Paola%20Lecca">Paola Lecca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lorenzo%20Dematte"> Lorenzo Dematte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Reactiondiffusion systems are mathematical models that describe how the concentration of one or more substances distributed in space changes under the influence of local chemical reactions in which the substances are converted into each other, and diffusion which causes the substances to spread out in space. The classical representation of a reaction-diffusion system is given by semi-linear parabolic partial differential equations, whose general form is ÔêétX(x, t) = DΔX(x, t), where X(x, t) is the state vector, D is the matrix of the diffusion coefficients and Δ is the Laplace operator. If the solute move in an homogeneous system in thermal equilibrium, the diffusion coefficients are constants that do not depend on the local concentration of solvent and of solutes and on local temperature of the medium. In this paper a new stochastic reaction-diffusion model in which the diffusion coefficients are function of the local concentration, viscosity and frictional forces of solvent and solute is presented. Such a model provides a more realistic description of the molecular kinetics in non-homogenoeus and highly structured media as the intra- and inter-cellular spaces. The movement of a molecule A from a region i to a region j of the space is described as a first order reaction Ai k- → Aj , where the rate constant k depends on the diffusion coefficient. Representing the diffusional motion as a chemical reaction allows to assimilate a reaction-diffusion system to a pure reaction system and to simulate it with Gillespie-inspired stochastic simulation algorithms. The stochastic time evolution of the system is given by the occurrence of diffusion events and chemical reaction events. At each time step an event (reaction or diffusion) is selected from a probability distribution of waiting times determined by the specific speed of reaction and diffusion events. Redi is the software tool, developed to implement the model of reaction-diffusion kinetics and dynamics. It is a free software, that can be downloaded from http://www.cosbi.eu. To demonstrate the validity of the new reaction-diffusion model, the simulation results of the chaperone-assisted protein folding in cytoplasm obtained with Redi are reported. This case study is redrawing the attention of the scientific community due to current interests on protein aggregation as a potential cause for neurodegenerative diseases.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reaction-diffusion%20systems" title="Reaction-diffusion systems">Reaction-diffusion systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fick%27s%20law" title=" Fick's law"> Fick's law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stochastic%20simulation%20algorithm." title=" stochastic simulation algorithm."> stochastic simulation algorithm.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/stochastic-simulation-of-reaction-diffusion-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4173.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1738</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">348</span> Stability Analysis of Impulsive BAM Fuzzy Cellular Neural Networks with Distributed Delays and Reaction-diffusion Terms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xinhua%20Zhang">Xinhua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kelin%20Li"> Kelin Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, a class of impulsive BAM fuzzy cellular neural networks with distributed delays and reaction-diffusion terms is formulated and investigated. By employing the delay differential inequality and inequality technique developed by Xu et al., some sufficient conditions ensuring the existence, uniqueness and global exponential stability of equilibrium point for impulsive BAM fuzzy cellular neural networks with distributed delays and reaction-diffusion terms are obtained. In particular, the estimate of the exponential convergence rate is also provided, which depends on system parameters, diffusion effect and impulsive disturbed intention. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of BAM fuzzy cellular neural networks. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the results obtained here.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bi-directional%20associative%20memory" title="Bi-directional associative memory">Bi-directional associative memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fuzzy%20cellular%20neuralnetworks" title=" fuzzy cellular neuralnetworks"> fuzzy cellular neuralnetworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reaction-diffusion" title=" reaction-diffusion"> reaction-diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=delays" title=" delays"> delays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=impulses" title=" impulses"> impulses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=global%20exponentialstability." title=" global exponentialstability."> global exponentialstability.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/stability-analysis-of-impulsive-bam-fuzzy-cellular-neural-networks-with-distributed-delays-and-reaction-diffusion-terms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">347</span> Technology Diffusion and Inclusive Development in Africa: A System Dynamics Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Kaggwa">M. Kaggwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Technology or lack of it will play an important role in Africa-s effort to achieve inclusive development. Although a key determinant of competitiveness, new technology can exacerbate exclusion of the majority from the mainstream economic activities. To minimise potential technology exclusion while leveraging its critical role in African-s development, requires insight into technology diffusion process. Using system dynamics approach, a technology diffusion model is presented. The frequency of interaction of people exposed to and those not exposed to technology, and the technology adoption rate - the fraction of people who embrace new technologies once they are exposed, are identified as the broad factors critical to technology diffusion to wider society enabling more people to be part of the economic growth process. Based on simulation results, it is recommends that these two broad factors should form part of national policy aimed at achieving inclusive and sustainable development in Africa.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Inclusive%20Development" title="Inclusive Development">Inclusive Development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=System%20Dynamics" title=" System Dynamics"> System Dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Technology" title=" Technology"> Technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Technology%20diffusion." title=" Technology diffusion."> Technology diffusion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/technology-diffusion-and-inclusive-development-in-africa-a-system-dynamics-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1739</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">346</span> Basket Option Pricing under Jump Diffusion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Safdari-Vaighani">Ali Safdari-Vaighani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pricing financial contracts on several underlying assets received more and more interest as a demand for complex derivatives. The option pricing under asset price involving jump diffusion processes leads to the partial integral differential equation (PIDEs), which is an extension of the Black-Scholes PDE with a new integral term. The aim of this paper is to show how basket option prices in the jump diffusion models, mainly on the Merton model, can be computed using RBF based approximation methods. For a test problem, the RBF-PU method is applied for numerical solution of partial integral differential equation arising from the two-asset European vanilla put options. The numerical result shows the accuracy and efficiency of the presented method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radial%20basis%20function" title="Radial basis function">Radial basis function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=basket%20option" title=" basket option"> basket option</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=jump%20diffusion" title=" jump diffusion"> jump diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=RBF-PUM." title=" RBF-PUM."> RBF-PUM.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/basket-option-pricing-under-jump-diffusion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10007401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">345</span> Loop-free Local Path Repair Strategy for Directed Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Basma%20M.%20Mohammad%20El-Basioni">Basma M. Mohammad El-Basioni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sherine%20M.%20Abd%20El-kader"> Sherine M. Abd El-kader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hussein%20S.%20Eissa"> Hussein S. Eissa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes an implementation for the directed diffusion paradigm aids in studying this paradigm-s operations and evaluates its behavior according to this implementation. The directed diffusion is evaluated with respect to the loss percentage, lifetime, end-to-end delay, and throughput. From these evaluations some suggestions and modifications are proposed to improve the directed diffusion behavior according to this implementation with respect to these metrics. The proposed modifications reflect the effect of local path repair by introducing a technique called Loop-free Local Path Repair (LLPR) which improves the directed diffusion behavior especially with respect to packet loss percentage by about 92.69%. Also LLPR improves the throughput and end-to-end delay by about 55.31% and 14.06% respectively, while the lifetime decreases by about 29.79%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Attribute-value%20based%20naming%20scheme" title="Attribute-value based naming scheme">Attribute-value based naming scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data%0Agathering" title=" data gathering"> data gathering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data-centric%20routing" title=" data-centric routing"> data-centric routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=energy-efficiency" title=" energy-efficiency"> energy-efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=locality" title=" locality"> locality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wireless%0Asensor%20network." title=" wireless sensor network."> wireless sensor network.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/loop-free-local-path-repair-strategy-for-directed-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">344</span> A Finite Point Method Based on Directional Derivatives for Diffusion Equation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guixia%20Lv">Guixia Lv</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Longjun%20Shen"> Longjun Shen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a finite point method based on directional derivatives for diffusion equation on 2D scattered points. To discretize the diffusion operator at a given point, a six-point stencil is derived by employing explicit numerical formulae of directional derivatives, namely, for the point under consideration, only five neighbor points are involved, the number of which is the smallest for discretizing diffusion operator with first-order accuracy. A method for selecting neighbor point set is proposed, which satisfies the solvability condition of numerical derivatives. Some numerical examples are performed to show the good performance of the proposed method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20point%20method" title="Finite point method">Finite point method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=directional%20derivatives" title=" directional derivatives"> directional derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=diffusionequation" title=" diffusionequation"> diffusionequation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=method%20for%20selecting%20neighbor%20point%20set." title=" method for selecting neighbor point set."> method for selecting neighbor point set.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/a-finite-point-method-based-on-directional-derivatives-for-diffusion-equation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">343</span> An Investigation of a Three-Dimensional Constitutive Model of Gas Diffusion Layers in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yanqin%20Chen">Yanqin Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chao%20Jiang"> Chao Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chongdu%20Cho"> Chongdu Cho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This research presents the three-dimensional mechanical characteristics of a commercial gas diffusion layer by experiment and simulation results. Although the mechanical performance of gas diffusion layers has attracted much attention, its reliability and accuracy are still a major challenge. With the help of simulation analysis methods, it is beneficial to the gas diffusion layer’s extensive commercial development and the overall stress analysis of proton electrolyte membrane fuel cells during its pre-production design period. Therefore, in this paper, a three-dimensional constitutive model of a commercial gas diffusion layer, including its material stiffness matrix parameters, is developed and coded, in the user-defined material model of a commercial finite element method software for simulation. Then, the model is validated by comparing experimental results as well as simulation outcomes. As a result, both the experimental data and simulation results show a good agreement with each other, with high accuracy.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gas%20diffusion%20layer" title="Gas diffusion layer">Gas diffusion layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=proton%20electrolyte%20membrane%20fuel%20cell" title=" proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell"> proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stiffness%20matrix" title=" stiffness matrix"> stiffness matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=three-dimensional%20mechanical%20characteristics" title=" three-dimensional mechanical characteristics"> three-dimensional mechanical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=user-defined%20material%20model." title=" user-defined material model."> user-defined material model.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/an-investigation-of-a-three-dimensional-constitutive-model-of-gas-diffusion-layers-in-polymer-electrolyte-membrane-fuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">948</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">342</span> Predictability of the Two Commonly Used Models to Represent the Thin-layer Re-wetting Characteristics of Barley</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20A.%20Basunia">M. A. Basunia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thirty three re-wetting tests were conducted at different combinations of temperatures (5.7- 46.30C) and relative humidites (48.2-88.6%) with barley. Two most commonly used thinlayer drying and rewetting models i.e. Page and Diffusion were compared for their ability to the fit the experimental re-wetting data based on the standard error of estimate (SEE) of the measured and simulated moisture contents. The comparison shows both the Page and Diffusion models fit the re-wetting experimental data of barley well. The average SEE values for the Page and Diffusion models were 0.176 % d.b. and 0.199 % d.b., respectively. The Page and Diffusion models were found to be most suitable equations, to describe the thin-layer re-wetting characteristics of barley over a typically five day re-wetting. These two models can be used for the simulation of deep-bed re-wetting of barley occurring during ventilated storage and deep bed drying. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thin-layer" title="Thin-layer">Thin-layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=barley" title=" barley"> barley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=re-wetting%20parameters" title=" re-wetting parameters"> re-wetting parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=relative%20humidity." title=" relative humidity."> relative humidity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/predictability-of-the-two-commonly-used-models-to-represent-the-thin-layer-re-wetting-characteristics-of-barley" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1496</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">341</span> Finite Volume Model to Study The Effect of Voltage Gated Ca2+ Channel on Cytosolic Calcium Advection Diffusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brajesh%20Kumar%20Jha">Brajesh Kumar Jha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neeru%20Adlakha"> Neeru Adlakha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20N.%20Mehta"> M. N. Mehta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical and computational modeling of calcium signalling in nerve cells has produced considerable insights into how the cells contracts with other cells under the variation of biophysical and physiological parameters. The modeling of calcium signaling in astrocytes has become more sophisticated. The modeling effort has provided insight to understand the cell contraction. Main objective of this work is to study the effect of voltage gated (Operated) calcium channel (VOC) on calcium profile in the form of advection diffusion equation. A mathematical model is developed in the form of advection diffusion equation for the calcium profile. The model incorporates the important physiological parameter like diffusion coefficient etc. Appropriate boundary conditions have been framed. Finite volume method is employed to solve the problem. A program has been developed using in MATLAB 7.5 for the entire problem and simulated on an AMD-Turion 32-bite machine to compute the numerical results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ca2%2B%20Profile" title="Ca2+ Profile">Ca2+ Profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Advection%20Diffusion" title=" Advection Diffusion"> Advection Diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=VOC" title="VOC">VOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FVM." title=" FVM."> FVM.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/finite-volume-model-to-study-the-effect-of-voltage-gated-ca2-channel-on-cytosolic-calcium-advection-diffusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1781</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">340</span> Stability Analysis of Impulsive Stochastic Fuzzy Cellular Neural Networks with Time-varying Delays and Reaction-diffusion Terms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xinhua%20Zhang">Xinhua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kelin%20Li"> Kelin Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, the problem of stability analysis for a class of impulsive stochastic fuzzy neural networks with timevarying delays and reaction-diffusion is considered. By utilizing suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii funcational, the inequality technique and stochastic analysis technique, some sufficient conditions ensuring global exponential stability of equilibrium point for impulsive stochastic fuzzy cellular neural networks with time-varying delays and diffusion are obtained. In particular, the estimate of the exponential convergence rate is also provided, which depends on system parameters, diffusion effect and impulsive disturbed intention. It is believed that these results are significant and useful for the design and applications of fuzzy neural networks. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the obtained results.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Exponential%20stability" title="Exponential stability">Exponential stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=stochastic%20fuzzy%20cellular%20neural%20networks" title=" stochastic fuzzy cellular neural networks"> stochastic fuzzy cellular neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=time-varying%20delays" title=" time-varying delays"> time-varying delays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=impulses" title=" impulses"> impulses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reaction-diffusion%20terms." title=" reaction-diffusion terms."> reaction-diffusion terms.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/stability-analysis-of-impulsive-stochastic-fuzzy-cellular-neural-networks-with-time-varying-delays-and-reaction-diffusion-terms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">339</span> Natural Flickering of Methane Diffusion Flames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20R.%20V.%20Manikantachari">K. R. V. Manikantachari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vasudevan%20Raghavan"> Vasudevan Raghavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Srinivasan"> K. Srinivasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Present study focuses on studying the oscillatory behavior of jet diffusion flames. At a particular jet exit velocity, the flames are seen to exhibit natural flickering. Initially the flickering process is not continuous. In this transition region as well as in the continuous flickering regime, the flickering displays multiple frequency oscillations. The response of the flame to the exit velocity profile of the burner is also studied using three types of burners. The entire range of natural flickering is investigated by capturing high speed digital images and processing them using a MATLAB code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion%20flames" title="Diffusion flames">Diffusion flames</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natural%20flickering" title=" Natural flickering"> Natural flickering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flickering%20frequency" title=" flickering frequency"> flickering frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=intermittent%20flickering" title=" intermittent flickering"> intermittent flickering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/natural-flickering-of-methane-diffusion-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">338</span> Scatterer Density in Edge and Coherence Enhancing Nonlinear Anisotropic Diffusion for Medical Ultrasound Speckle Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20Badawi">Ahmed Badawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Michael%20Johnson"> J. Michael Johnson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamed%20Mahfouz"> Mohamed Mahfouz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes new enhancement models to the methods of nonlinear anisotropic diffusion to greatly reduce speckle and preserve image features in medical ultrasound images. By incorporating local physical characteristics of the image, in this case scatterer density, in addition to the gradient, into existing tensorbased image diffusion methods, we were able to greatly improve the performance of the existing filtering methods, namely edge enhancing (EE) and coherence enhancing (CE) diffusion. The new enhancement methods were tested using various ultrasound images, including phantom and some clinical images, to determine the amount of speckle reduction, edge, and coherence enhancements. Scatterer density weighted nonlinear anisotropic diffusion (SDWNAD) for ultrasound images consistently outperformed its traditional tensor-based counterparts that use gradient only to weight the diffusivity function. SDWNAD is shown to greatly reduce speckle noise while preserving image features as edges, orientation coherence, and scatterer density. SDWNAD superior performances over nonlinear coherent diffusion (NCD), speckle reducing anisotropic diffusion (SRAD), adaptive weighted median filter (AWMF), wavelet shrinkage (WS), and wavelet shrinkage with contrast enhancement (WSCE), make these methods ideal preprocessing steps for automatic segmentation in ultrasound imaging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nonlinear%20anisotropic%20diffusion" title="Nonlinear anisotropic diffusion">Nonlinear anisotropic diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ultrasound%20imaging" title=" ultrasound imaging"> ultrasound imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=speckle%20reduction" title=" speckle reduction"> speckle reduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=scatterer%20density%20estimation" title=" scatterer density estimation"> scatterer density estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=edge%20based%20enhancement" title=" edge based enhancement"> edge based enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=coherence%20enhancement." title=" coherence enhancement."> coherence enhancement.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/scatterer-density-in-edge-and-coherence-enhancing-nonlinear-anisotropic-diffusion-for-medical-ultrasound-speckle-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1906</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">337</span> A Numerical Study on the Influence of CO2 Dilution on Combustion Characteristics of a Turbulent Diffusion Flame</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasaman%20Tohidi">Yasaman Tohidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rouzbeh%20Riazi"> Rouzbeh Riazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shidvash%20Vakilipour"> Shidvash Vakilipour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Masoud%20Mohammadi"> Masoud Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the present study is to numerically investigate the effect of CO<sub>2</sub> replacement of N<sub>2</sub> in air stream on the flame characteristics of the CH<sub>4</sub> turbulent diffusion flame. The Open source Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM) has been used as the computational tool. In this regard, laminar flamelet and modified k-ε models have been utilized as combustion and turbulence models, respectively. Results reveal that the presence of CO<sub>2</sub> in air stream changes the flame shape and maximum flame temperature. Also, CO<sub>2</sub> dilution causes an increment in CO mass fraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CH4%20diffusion%20flame" title="CH4 diffusion flame">CH4 diffusion flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CO2%20dilution" title=" CO2 dilution"> CO2 dilution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=OpenFOAM" title=" OpenFOAM"> OpenFOAM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turbulent%20flame." title=" turbulent flame."> turbulent flame.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010119/a-numerical-study-on-the-influence-of-co2-dilution-on-combustion-characteristics-of-a-turbulent-diffusion-flame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010119/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010119/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn 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