CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91c6a9b7ed0ff93a',cH: 'iJL7GNKtX1bKHHDF.D8QB0z4xxwMxfra0AXarNinODs-1741314543-1.2.1.1-DKiJ8OUMG9AOa9nF.agY9p3rxbi7acWYSVnt.INU6r8SfGZPlp1.vEypB10PjDzi',cUPMDTk: "\/search?q=stiffness%20matrix&__cf_chl_tk=TOCo5DvTR8XpS0JqJZdsOxlpasvJRKMy7r0_wmVUTjA-1741314543-1.0.1.1-nAf4yp.U_FR88ViMr_OzFI7pNcwED.Bqi.lbFOBXU18",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741314543',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/search?q=stiffness%20matrix&__cf_chl_f_tk=TOCo5DvTR8XpS0JqJZdsOxlpasvJRKMy7r0_wmVUTjA-1741314543-1.0.1.1-nAf4yp.U_FR88ViMr_OzFI7pNcwED.Bqi.lbFOBXU18",md: "IQHvwMyR2fCxG.e.dOAt4xFtAq8zNBddpVM7wDurWl8-1741314543-1.2.1.1-YzprTIG__GcmEyOGaVCQSXFSIRtE00uk5_eUmiRHi92NcXpnCJa02n4.S8RAQwZdY4eutir3FoykZtxVDd8K3jDoJdkrIkdgtYCLvPzQtXN6NdpZFUxZZMjpqXDl3qFRtcbee7nUKvwdAlJhoiKQcuDKw6VHlEQ2aqzL0yWm.5bDsyb9UkHvbYdIohsSDwokf0HGkuu4c4760OZdQTgsgCbM1HfXrmfS7eb5LKa_VPGEmYhqH466LxFdiqrLIU.h6Nv1wGV7BTYeA7D8juieKATVWF.LrfCf6Cw.3vKdsx6Ffp5A0ZwcIUebhV_.8siLFJxNdPNXG2VNQREApa8YAR.7L5QN.pCXc8eRsAXdNSiP_7_QhF9tktfdIOrNpw2ClcHMk1pyFwy2q1T5AITbWQg6qMj_FJso1g3Afm0b94nDijzbvenXyICWbC8yLd.LrEbCGDCQsMVDOB39KyATP6qT9znL995y.zq0Mme94BeXFdaZxxSXCCOumgoNEj35U83ERqJsp319E_0uPdai.Tfd0dip1rhaHqwPv60eiVgdxr2phUB33N04XomXf5Xg2DHUoH4Z4YPaAtycBkU0AoIPwAvYN9BlCAXy1BDnLwElT3XgUuzc9r95AuLAz6YuzoVCmSCGjFzOCjfg.Bj1_94Zb7zuTAOJNPrpGhCz3yniFQ5FYBZ7qnPd.MNsLvUvSlbvQMU3FzpRygQhSrDovhxXzA7KswWPeB8wk9AYjuRel2wrPtX7FH9lTFgzxir4uMndBFYWOjCd.8c3N5xNIHF8Bw78hdQ46UxaXHx00tYKOclSoxkL8p3Cg4Q5isD4ggMsOhA6XIuB4tYdXTTWDMC0BATRvPL7_U.Q_ehIeMooqdUulC7.ixxKt23HYfvvP6DntS4Ifpi5HQIRL1NGKy8MdSjWFL9V9nOaf9MQoFapRHCe9CyNi19bmwKoeLJXqwkRJ.5U4Nb5bqbVbHsN9xLmAspAB9dSlzCcXfuZvfyzboMrkx9g3gAUzvlxlLVogSxZ3u4LVkgitMSfGNU53N5j40EBAoofODmFEjc1JFxgd08lO28.cCNJBU2oQUCfJi.nuo1vY_Wyc4DXFKVyeimuTZnjzUN4w_nBUKbAw0rgzmR4Nc4A1oPGRwUMJ6RdqhHKJgtZU5i8Tl0giM5XBqse1EFP.gh10tDr4Yh0CTE0JASOvojtbJOH4NMhBGsthNngfJ7XEpBNPpd8kD2EZBzOJTQIy.4Mq2qyxOc1at5Ad3wnNnkhazRGJ4bGvRcx",mdrd: "DZXKVmBnv1LjHMx27vK7.tAFHXyvJHB5ixwfUUhsRQE-1741314543-1.2.1.1-RKkmVckKRahgH0.cOFQCtEoIUSvt5_g8PgtEbfb0gooDgmMP39cerz5o3zUiz8HNtjmzuuInWDLmZD1YbtIfbereaTsMV_DUovXviviFE3MbeNMcHbtpWqdwcc8kj0yinaToSlbW9z7NX_sgpKrRcczcYct0Wi6OsAduJDR.pKQSoZkGPO_hWi9ypZn_VbumbxfO34ssv47iTKbwY039u8sxit9OWvjTtjT6hemsruGO6GQAxeEw1St8NGuAF4IwK3gv6AqqPpaCB2lxYBt6gtrdEeEUrv5KXSB53Zxf.29mYE25cnYZ8TrE3HTSjx8lKV2RMsp0g_qNWhtSML81FEt099v2JLBjRysxTbm2FdyOisC8R3ZfX7GCCPUB6r.NxA6PtWOUzrq6suXfLqcY5smtEXQCJYMsJ9.bKagwV0GF.VmrgDitCuMcZokOCjh7TH52w6U4N.MqHDuTjwSbi7aTY0jkz3agOy7zrYQ9Vxpxhro72wmtpPXAL1CW_17CMTJgcEesg75lGS7jAoqCJyMbGAbn6X08YMRv21RIHTqb2Nc7k_6tX8yowj1x9.ZJTEjSucJTyyFhiUb.YDSXNo86Ma5ydZgXCDaDFdj3kYu.jIIFzyKd6VATXlAluvhjZxcNhyZYuV.EynI7hP.roLJNXjyGoEwFgpk1x4J1XYOitorD3HOJ_7tQJ9HLNWDs5YTdlnfWsmsI9Jcb9nL0.UL7Koi49jlAqb8eIhFGVKgc.kqUw6exa4D0BzJTz743VrluB4OAXMw8490erQD05YbhNzj6JjmPO6H77fMhOHSkVtwq0LQMSXWDutopQLj9grqGrELMH8SjMj23a0_d1wNc2ctkbsPMJlwi7t3q7bz1gPuq6khD_tIa4UnUvBWUCZ33jEkYzTlwuxx59FZ2SultBJvM99faAQbf8UgrtoVKGyVaTfy4F85tNwLoJKYpsj2BO3OzAfG46MaRReBYKiocATPEDxnq0mufOLXjlw58thbnnSzjgyXS2KIxC4u.yw_lTCgAiiCPP7EJc2Nhb1r2PPJQkrXNKluY9nqzbK6Cw4Ge4r.wvq3HJXHyk9S8aFTbjgnRrfFuDQ3Yl9DYr3JE_7OU1V3wIOoucSKU3BcvBAfPYS5VjCAZmo5NKRbCYmSMd.2huL0p11XfIJHLz13wRU__Cw7O0y7tqS1zEocsi3EMdd.g.Y9XLJVU_omN2LCt8CJn3rrFiqzkYBBxdWWGXsDR4zoM_MEbZqBfuNEdWTBt585Z4.WjQcfYiPUvEH95XzU.eompVOQYFJJdc3XGVS.ZK1gl9h9bsiWgnHOfaz_pwIjj4JjBXrdRCwX87L.iuCmT7ujE.mVOFh.4W5PaUrblOzGVMFNkdOANkwVAVuubPfUw2PmYI1GUM.Gf_0VSSDF8ba4lwUPNBHjnMqlteoI06yWha4NVvS9V1JuX7CH.bCe9SaB.djtVYYpavYijUVTHWnZupSHjTY_GWcBextRJim771FoRN65n7AUPMxtuaGBWE55_d86aBciQFGBF5eDKnMoi1NIca34sFR3gaPmC2tUnIRuQaAqjaTgEe9GkjnKlTeY90n34rShkEE640_NRhS3OPtGWK2axw8hFrS7CXS5Bvz_ZIrMB0H5YL9v83C1x7NRT926UKwy.7.Ts5oVuGhMuneKLQ194Iq_vpHua27z5HjFelkKHqHxg.YW.NWn_MPOENPT_GwN1e0Wcin4Quo0x1HkUsxeHXq.MJBJ2er92ty_c7gaKssPm7tVMqy5mOZDIy_NCQHOAUgHtkSwvHtX1UIk5zWIFIOigDMO_VWx4W0dB7oQ8t2lixIhFkBRHwlYR7N4YupvFxlbQeBGdQVowrBn5m2I3uFSkRrU7ZjzHq9sti6wPT9Jg3xrPma9zc5_J1yhzulIfqpawRkfSlgyJmT6TlYnttiHkoA2.6u06tW0QcSuztCOY5ol4OFibRETXBiz.kR_T"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91c6a9b7ed0ff93a';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/search?q=stiffness%20matrix&__cf_chl_rt_tk=TOCo5DvTR8XpS0JqJZdsOxlpasvJRKMy7r0_wmVUTjA-1741314543-1.0.1.1-nAf4yp.U_FR88ViMr_OzFI7pNcwED.Bqi.lbFOBXU18" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>