CINXE.COM
Toxics | Center for International Environmental Law
<!doctype html> <html class="no-js" lang="en-US"> <head> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?o():!gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",o):document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",o)},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("action",o,n,r,t)},addFilter:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("filter",o,n,r,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook("action",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook("filter",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,n){gform.removeHook("action",o,n)},removeFilter:function(o,n,r){gform.removeHook("filter",o,n,r)},addHook:function(o,n,r,t,i){null==gform.hooks[o][n]&&(gform.hooks[o][n]=[]);var e=gform.hooks[o][n];null==i&&(i=n+"_"+e.length),gform.hooks[o][n].push({tag:i,callable:r,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(n,o,r){var t;if(r=Array.prototype.slice.call(r,1),null!=gform.hooks[n][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[n][o]).sort(function(o,n){return o.priority-n.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){"function"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),"action"==n?t.apply(null,r):r[0]=t.apply(null,r)})),"filter"==n)return r[0]},removeHook:function(o,n,t,i){var r;null!=gform.hooks[o][n]&&(r=(r=gform.hooks[o][n]).filter(function(o,n,r){return!!(null!=i&&i!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][n]=r)}}); /* ]]> */ </script> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link href="/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/ciel_twitter_logo.jpg" rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" /> <link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700,400italic' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'> <link href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.2.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <!-- Latest compiled and minified CSS --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <!-- Optional theme --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/css/bootstrap-theme.min.css"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.8 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Toxics | Center for International Environmental Law</title> <meta name="description" content="CIEL works to achieve a toxic-free future through negotiating international treaties, changing public policy, and advocating precaution on new chemicals." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Toxics | Center for International Environmental Law" /> <meta property="og:description" content="CIEL works to achieve a toxic-free future through negotiating international treaties, changing public policy, and advocating precaution on new chemicals." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Center for International Environmental Law" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="http://facebook.com/ciel.org" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-02-29T19:25:13+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-beakers.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2058" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1372" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@ciel_tweets" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/","url":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/","name":"Toxics | Center for International Environmental Law","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-beakers.jpg","datePublished":"2015-01-20T23:25:22+00:00","dateModified":"2024-02-29T19:25:13+00:00","description":"CIEL works to achieve a toxic-free future through negotiating international treaties, changing public policy, and advocating precaution on new chemicals.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-beakers.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-beakers.jpg","width":2058,"height":1372,"caption":"toxics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.ciel.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Issues","item":"https://www.ciel.org/issues/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Toxics"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#website","url":"https://www.ciel.org/","name":"Center for International Environmental Law","description":"Defending the right to a healthy planet","publisher":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.ciel.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#organization","name":"Center for International Environmental Law","url":"https://www.ciel.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CIEL-logo.png","contentUrl":"https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CIEL-logo.png","width":800,"height":800,"caption":"Center for International Environmental Law"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.ciel.org/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["http://facebook.com/ciel.org","https://x.com/ciel_tweets","https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-center-for-international-environmental-law-ciel-"]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ajax.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Center for International Environmental Law » Toxics Comments Feed" href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/feed/" /> <!-- This site uses the Google Analytics by MonsterInsights plugin v8.27.0 - Using Analytics tracking - https://www.monsterinsights.com/ --> <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-813R5F5J8T" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '8.27.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/issues\/toxics-2\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-813R5F5J8T', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-813R5F5J8T', {"forceSSL":"true","anonymize_ip":"true"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script> <!-- / Google Analytics by MonsterInsights --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='search-filter-chosen-styles-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/css/chosen.min.css?ver=1.4.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='search-filter-plugin-styles-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/search-filter-pro/public/assets/css/search-filter.min.css?ver=1.4.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='roots_css-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/themes/ciel_roots/assets/css/main.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=8.27.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-813R5F5J8T"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/themes/ciel_roots/assets/vendor/modernizr/modernizr.js" id="modernizr-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.11.1/jquery.js" id="jquery-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/3688" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.ciel.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.ciel.org/?p=3688' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciel.org%2Fissues%2Ftoxics-2%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciel.org%2Fissues%2Ftoxics-2%2F&format=xml" /> <script>window.jQuery || document.write('<script src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/themes/ciel_roots/assets/vendor/jquery/dist/jquery.min.js?1.11.1"><\/script>')</script> <!-- There is no amphtml version available for this URL. --> <!-- MonsterInsights Media Tracking --> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var monsterinsights_tracked_video_marks = {}; var monsterinsights_youtube_percentage_tracking_timeouts = {}; /* Works for YouTube and Vimeo */ function monsterinsights_media_get_id_for_iframe( source, service ) { var iframeUrlParts = source.split('?'); var stripedUrl = iframeUrlParts[0].split('/'); var videoId = stripedUrl[ stripedUrl.length - 1 ]; return service + '-player-' + videoId; } function monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( provider, event, label, parameters = {} ) { __gtagTracker('event', event, { event_category: 'video-' + provider, event_label: label, non_interaction: event === 'impression', ...parameters }); } function monsterinsights_media_maybe_record_video_progress( provider, label, videoId, videoParameters ) { var progressTrackingAllowedMarks = [10,25,50,75]; if ( typeof monsterinsights_tracked_video_marks[ videoId ] == 'undefined' ) { monsterinsights_tracked_video_marks[ videoId ] = []; } var { video_percent } = videoParameters; if ( progressTrackingAllowedMarks.includes( video_percent ) && !monsterinsights_tracked_video_marks[ videoId ].includes( video_percent ) ) { monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( provider, 'video_progress', label, videoParameters ); /* Prevent multiple records for the same percentage */ monsterinsights_tracked_video_marks[ videoId ].push( video_percent ); } } /* --- Vimeo --- */ var monsterinsights_media_vimeo_plays = {}; function monsterinsights_setup_vimeo_events_for_iframe(iframe, title, player) { var playerId = iframe.getAttribute('id'); var videoLabel = title || iframe.title || iframe.getAttribute('src'); if ( !playerId ) { playerId = monsterinsights_media_get_id_for_iframe( iframe.getAttribute('src'), 'vimeo' ); iframe.setAttribute( 'id', playerId ); } monsterinsights_media_vimeo_plays[playerId] = 0; var videoParameters = { video_provider: 'vimeo', video_title: title, video_url: iframe.getAttribute('src') }; /** * Record Impression **/ monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'vimeo', 'impression', videoLabel, videoParameters ); /** * Record video start **/ player.on('play', function(data) { let playerId = this.element.id; if ( monsterinsights_media_vimeo_plays[playerId] === 0 ) { monsterinsights_media_vimeo_plays[playerId]++; videoParameters.video_duration = data.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = data.seconds; videoParameters.video_percent = 0; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'vimeo', 'video_start', videoLabel, videoParameters ); } }); /** * Record video progress **/ player.on('timeupdate', function(data) { var progress = Math.floor(data.percent * 100); videoParameters.video_duration = data.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = data.seconds; videoParameters.video_percent = progress; monsterinsights_media_maybe_record_video_progress( 'vimeo', videoLabel, playerId, videoParameters ); }); /** * Record video complete **/ player.on('ended', function(data) { videoParameters.video_duration = data.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = data.seconds; videoParameters.video_percent = 100; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'vimeo', 'video_complete', videoLabel, videoParameters ); }); } function monsterinsights_on_vimeo_load() { var vimeoIframes = document.querySelectorAll("iframe[src*='vimeo']"); vimeoIframes.forEach(function( iframe ) { // Set up the player var player = new Vimeo.Player(iframe); // The getVideoTitle function returns a promise player.getVideoTitle().then(function(title) { /* * Binding the events inside this callback guarantees that we * always have the correct title for the video */ monsterinsights_setup_vimeo_events_for_iframe(iframe, title, player) }); }); } function monsterinsights_media_init_vimeo_events() { var vimeoIframes = document.querySelectorAll("iframe[src*='vimeo']"); if ( vimeoIframes.length ) { /* Maybe load Vimeo API */ if ( window.Vimeo === undefined ) { var tag = document.createElement("script"); tag.src = "https://player.vimeo.com/api/player.js"; tag.setAttribute("onload", "monsterinsights_on_vimeo_load()"); document.body.append(tag); } else { /* Vimeo API already loaded, invoke callback */ monsterinsights_on_vimeo_load(); } } } /* --- End Vimeo --- */ /* --- YouTube --- */ function monsterinsights_media_on_youtube_load() { var monsterinsights_media_youtube_plays = {}; function __onPlayerReady(event) { monsterinsights_media_youtube_plays[event.target.h.id] = 0; var videoParameters = { video_provider: 'youtube', video_title: event.target.videoTitle, video_url: event.target.playerInfo.videoUrl }; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'youtube', 'impression', videoParameters.video_title, videoParameters ); } /** * Record progress callback **/ function __track_youtube_video_progress( player, videoLabel, videoParameters ) { var { playerInfo } = player; var playerId = player.h.id; var duration = playerInfo.duration; /* player.getDuration(); */ var currentTime = playerInfo.currentTime; /* player.getCurrentTime(); */ var percentage = (currentTime / duration) * 100; var progress = Math.floor(percentage); videoParameters.video_duration = duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = progress; monsterinsights_media_maybe_record_video_progress( 'youtube', videoLabel, playerId, videoParameters ); } function __youtube_on_state_change( event ) { var state = event.data; var player = event.target; var { playerInfo } = player; var playerId = player.h.id; var videoParameters = { video_provider: 'youtube', video_title: player.videoTitle, video_url: playerInfo.videoUrl }; /** * YouTube's API doesn't offer a progress or timeupdate event. * We have to track progress manually by asking the player for the current time, every X milliseconds, using an interval **/ if ( state === YT.PlayerState.PLAYING) { if ( monsterinsights_media_youtube_plays[playerId] === 0 ) { monsterinsights_media_youtube_plays[playerId]++; /** * Record video start **/ videoParameters.video_duration = playerInfo.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = playerInfo.currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = 0; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'youtube', 'video_start', videoParameters.video_title, videoParameters ); } monsterinsights_youtube_percentage_tracking_timeouts[ playerId ] = setInterval( __track_youtube_video_progress, 500, player, videoParameters.video_title, videoParameters ); } else if ( state === YT.PlayerState.PAUSED ) { /* When the video is paused clear the interval */ clearInterval( monsterinsights_youtube_percentage_tracking_timeouts[ playerId ] ); } else if ( state === YT.PlayerState.ENDED ) { /** * Record video complete **/ videoParameters.video_duration = playerInfo.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = playerInfo.currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = 100; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'youtube', 'video_complete', videoParameters.video_title, videoParameters ); clearInterval( monsterinsights_youtube_percentage_tracking_timeouts[ playerId ] ); } } var youtubeIframes = document.querySelectorAll("iframe[src*='youtube'],iframe[src*='youtu.be']"); youtubeIframes.forEach(function( iframe ) { var playerId = iframe.getAttribute('id'); if ( !playerId ) { playerId = monsterinsights_media_get_id_for_iframe( iframe.getAttribute('src'), 'youtube' ); iframe.setAttribute( 'id', playerId ); } new YT.Player(playerId, { events: { onReady: __onPlayerReady, onStateChange: __youtube_on_state_change } }); }); } function monsterinsights_media_load_youtube_api() { if ( window.YT ) { return; } var youtubeIframes = document.querySelectorAll("iframe[src*='youtube'],iframe[src*='youtu.be']"); if ( 0 === youtubeIframes.length ) { return; } var tag = document.createElement("script"); tag.src = "https://www.youtube.com/iframe_api"; var firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(tag, firstScriptTag); } function monsterinsights_media_init_youtube_events() { /* YouTube always looks for a function called onYouTubeIframeAPIReady */ window.onYouTubeIframeAPIReady = monsterinsights_media_on_youtube_load; } /* --- End YouTube --- */ /* --- HTML Videos --- */ function monsterinsights_media_init_html_video_events() { var monsterinsights_media_html_plays = {}; var videos = document.querySelectorAll('video'); var videosCount = 0; videos.forEach(function( video ) { var videoLabel = video.title; if ( !videoLabel ) { var videoCaptionEl = video.nextElementSibling; if ( videoCaptionEl && videoCaptionEl.nodeName.toLowerCase() === 'figcaption' ) { videoLabel = videoCaptionEl.textContent; } else { videoLabel = video.getAttribute('src'); } } var videoTitle = videoLabel; var playerId = video.getAttribute('id'); if ( !playerId ) { playerId = 'html-player-' + videosCount; video.setAttribute('id', playerId); } monsterinsights_media_html_plays[playerId] = 0 var videoSrc = video.getAttribute('src') if ( ! videoSrc && video.currentSrc ) { videoSrc = video.currentSrc; } var videoParameters = { video_provider: 'html', video_title: videoTitle ? videoTitle : videoSrc, video_url: videoSrc, }; /** * Record Impression **/ monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'html', 'impression', videoLabel, videoParameters ); /** * Record video start **/ video.addEventListener('play', function(event) { let playerId = event.target.id; if ( monsterinsights_media_html_plays[playerId] === 0 ) { monsterinsights_media_html_plays[playerId]++; videoParameters.video_duration = video.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = video.currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = 0; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'html', 'video_start', videoLabel, videoParameters ); } }, false ); /** * Record video progress **/ video.addEventListener('timeupdate', function() { var percentage = (video.currentTime / video.duration) * 100; var progress = Math.floor(percentage); videoParameters.video_duration = video.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = video.currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = progress; monsterinsights_media_maybe_record_video_progress( 'html', videoLabel, playerId, videoParameters ); }, false ); /** * Record video complete **/ video.addEventListener('ended', function() { var percentage = (video.currentTime / video.duration) * 100; var progress = Math.floor(percentage); videoParameters.video_duration = video.duration; videoParameters.video_current_time = video.currentTime; videoParameters.video_percent = progress; monsterinsights_media_record_video_event( 'html', 'video_complete', videoLabel, videoParameters ); }, false ); videosCount++; }); } /* --- End HTML Videos --- */ function monsterinsights_media_init_video_events() { /** * HTML Video - Attach events & record impressions */ monsterinsights_media_init_html_video_events(); /** * Vimeo - Attach events & record impressions */ monsterinsights_media_init_vimeo_events(); monsterinsights_media_load_youtube_api(); } /* Attach events */ function monsterinsights_media_load() { if ( typeof(__gtagTracker) === 'undefined' ) { setTimeout(monsterinsights_media_load, 200); return; } if ( document.readyState === "complete" ) { // Need this for cookie plugin. monsterinsights_media_init_video_events(); } else if ( window.addEventListener ) { window.addEventListener( "load", monsterinsights_media_init_video_events, false ); } else if ( window.attachEvent ) { window.attachEvent( "onload", monsterinsights_media_init_video_events); } /** * YouTube - Attach events & record impressions. * We don't need to attach this into page load event * because we already use YT function "onYouTubeIframeAPIReady" * and this will help on using onReady event with the player instantiation. */ monsterinsights_media_init_youtube_events(); } monsterinsights_media_load(); </script> <!-- End MonsterInsights Media Tracking --> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-CIEL-logo-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-CIEL-logo-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-CIEL-logo-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/cropped-CIEL-logo-270x270.png" /> <style id="wpforms-css-vars-root"> :root { --wpforms-field-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-field-border-style: solid; --wpforms-field-border-size: 1px; --wpforms-field-background-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-field-border-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.25 ); --wpforms-field-border-color-spare: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.25 ); --wpforms-field-text-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.7 ); --wpforms-field-menu-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-label-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.85 ); --wpforms-label-sublabel-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0.55 ); --wpforms-label-error-color: #d63637; --wpforms-button-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-button-border-style: none; --wpforms-button-border-size: 1px; --wpforms-button-background-color: #066aab; --wpforms-button-border-color: #066aab; --wpforms-button-text-color: #ffffff; --wpforms-page-break-color: #066aab; --wpforms-background-image: none; --wpforms-background-position: center center; --wpforms-background-repeat: no-repeat; --wpforms-background-size: cover; --wpforms-background-width: 100px; --wpforms-background-height: 100px; --wpforms-background-color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 0 ); --wpforms-background-url: none; --wpforms-container-padding: 0px; --wpforms-container-border-style: none; --wpforms-container-border-width: 1px; --wpforms-container-border-color: #000000; --wpforms-container-border-radius: 3px; --wpforms-field-size-input-height: 43px; --wpforms-field-size-input-spacing: 15px; --wpforms-field-size-font-size: 16px; --wpforms-field-size-line-height: 19px; --wpforms-field-size-padding-h: 14px; --wpforms-field-size-checkbox-size: 16px; --wpforms-field-size-sublabel-spacing: 5px; --wpforms-field-size-icon-size: 1; --wpforms-label-size-font-size: 16px; --wpforms-label-size-line-height: 19px; --wpforms-label-size-sublabel-font-size: 14px; --wpforms-label-size-sublabel-line-height: 17px; --wpforms-button-size-font-size: 17px; --wpforms-button-size-height: 41px; --wpforms-button-size-padding-h: 15px; --wpforms-button-size-margin-top: 10px; --wpforms-container-shadow-size-box-shadow: none; } </style> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Center for International Environmental Law Feed" href="https://www.ciel.org/feed/"> <!-- Just for debugging purposes. Don't actually copy these 2 lines! --> <!--[if lt IE 9]><script src="../../assets/js/ie8-responsive-file-warning.js"></script><![endif]--> <script src="../../assets/js/ie-emulation-modes-warning.js"></script> <!-- HTML5 shim and Respond.js for IE8 support of HTML5 elements and media queries --> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/html5shiv/3.7.2/html5shiv.min.js"></script> <script src="https://oss.maxcdn.com/respond/1.4.2/respond.min.js"></script> <![endif]--> </head> <body data-rsssl=1 class="page-template page-template-template-landingvar1 page-template-template-landingvar1-php page page-id-3688 page-child parent-pageid-22 toxics-2 sidebar-primary"> <!--[if lt IE 8]> <div class="alert alert-warning"> You are using an <strong>outdated</strong> browser. Please <a href="http://browsehappy.com/">upgrade your browser</a> to improve your experience. </div> <![endif]--> <div id="wrapper"> <div id="sidebar-wrapper" class="navmenu-fixed-left visible-xs-block" role="navigation"> <div class="mobile-search-form"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form form-inline" action="https://www.ciel.org/"> <label class="sr-only">Search for:</label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="search" value="" name="s" class="search-field form-control" placeholder=""> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="search-submit btn btn-default">Search</button> </span> </div> </form> </div> <ul id="menu-mobile-main" class="nav nav-pills nav-stacked"><li class="menu-home"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/">Home</a></li> <li class="dropdown menu-about-us"><a class="dropdown-toggle" href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/">About Us</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-our-mission"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/our-mission/">Our Mission</a></li> <li class="menu-our-strategy"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/strategy/">Our Strategy</a></li> <li class="menu-our-team"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/ciel-staff/">Our Team</a></li> <li class="menu-programs"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/programs/">Programs</a></li> <li class="menu-board-of-trustees"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/environmental-law-board-of-trustees/">Board of Trustees</a></li> <li class="menu-annual-reports-financials"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/financial-annual-reports/">Annual Reports & Financials</a></li> <li class="menu-jobs"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/environmental-legal-job/">Jobs</a></li> <li class="menu-legal-internships-in-the-united-states"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/about-us/legal-internships-in-washington-dc/">Legal Internships in the United States</a></li> <li class="menu-legal-internships-in-geneva-switzerland"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/about-us/legal-internships-in-geneva/">Legal Internships in Geneva, Switzerland</a></li> <li class="menu-contact-us"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="active menu-issues"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/">Issues</a></li> <li class="menu-press-room"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/press-room/">Press Room</a></li> <li class="menu-research-publications"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/research-publications/">Research & Publications</a></li> <li class="menu-blog"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/blog-2/">Blog</a></li> <li class="menu-donate"><a href="http://act.ciel.org/site/Donation2?df_id=1501&mfc_pref=T&1501.donation=form1">Donate</a></li> <li class="menu-subscribe"><a href="http://act.ciel.org/site/Survey?ACTION_REQUIRED=URI_ACTION_USER_REQUESTS&SURVEY_ID=1700">Subscribe</a></li> </ul> </div><div id="page-content-wrapper"> <header class="banner" role="banner"> <div class="header-top container-fluid hidden-xs"> <div class="header-inner"> <div class="search-form visible-sm-inline-block visible-md-inline-block visible-lg-inline-block"><form role="search" method="get" class="search-form form-inline" action="https://www.ciel.org/"> <label class="sr-only">Search for:</label> <div class="input-group"> <input type="search" value="" name="s" class="search-field form-control" placeholder=""> <span class="input-group-btn"> <button type="submit" class="search-submit btn btn-default">Search</button> </span> </div> </form> </div><!--/search-form--> <div id="header-social-inner"> <a class="fa fa-facebook" href="http://facebook.com/ciel.org" target="_blank"></a> <a class="fa fa-twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ciel_tweets" target="_blank"></a> <a class="fa fa-linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-center-for-international-environmental-law-ciel-" target="_blank"></a> <a class="fa fa-rss" href="https://www.ciel.org/feed" target="_blank"></a> <i class='fa fa-share-alt'><span class='st_sharethis_large' displayText='ShareThis'></span></i> </div><!--/#header-social-inner--> </div><!--/.header-inner--> </div><!--/container-fluid--> <div class="container-fluid header-brand hidden-xs"><!--tablet and desktop header--> <div class="logo col-sm-4"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://www.ciel.org/">Center for International Environmental Law</a> </div><!-- /.logo--> <nav id="main-nav" class="navbar navbar-default col-sm-8"> <ul id="menu-secondary-navigation" class="nav nav-pills secondary"><li class="menu-blog"><a href="/blog">Blog</a></li> <li class="dropdown menu-press-room"><a class="dropdown-toggle" href="https://www.ciel.org/press-room/">Press Room</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-ciel-in-the-news"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/ciel-in-the-news/">CIEL in the News</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-our-strategy"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/strategy/">Our Strategy</a></li> <li class="menu-programs"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/programs/">Programs</a></li> </ul> <ul id="menu-primary-navigation" class="nav nav-pills primary"><li class="dropdown menu-about-us"><a class="dropdown-toggle" href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/">About Us</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-our-mission"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/our-mission/">Our Mission</a></li> <li class="menu-our-strategy"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/strategy/">Our Strategy</a></li> <li class="menu-our-team"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/ciel-staff/">Our Team</a></li> <li class="menu-programs"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/programs/">Programs</a></li> <li class="menu-board-of-trustees"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/environmental-law-board-of-trustees/">Board of Trustees</a></li> <li class="menu-annual-reports-financials"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/financial-annual-reports/">Annual Reports & Financials</a></li> <li class="menu-jobs"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/environmental-legal-job/">Jobs</a></li> <li class="menu-legal-internships-in-the-united-states"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/about-us/legal-internships-in-washington-dc/">Legal Internships in the United States</a></li> <li class="menu-legal-internships-in-geneva-switzerland"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/about-us/legal-internships-in-geneva/">Legal Internships in Geneva, Switzerland</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="active dropdown menu-issues"><a class="dropdown-toggle" href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/">Issues</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li class="menu-climate"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/climate-2/">Climate</a></li> <li class="menu-corporate-accountability"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/corporate-accountability/">Corporate Accountability</a></li> <li class="menu-extractives"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/extractives-2/">Extractives</a></li> <li class="menu-finance-development"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/finance-and-development/">Finance & Development</a></li> <li class="menu-forests"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/forests/">Forests</a></li> <li class="menu-human-rights"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/human-rights-2/">Human Rights</a></li> <li class="menu-plastic"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/plastic/">Plastic</a></li> <li class="active menu-toxics"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/" aria-current="page">Toxics</a></li> <li class="menu-trade"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/trade-2/">Trade</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="menu-publications"><a href="/research-publications/">Publications</a></li> <li class="menu-get-involved"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/get-involved/">Get Involved</a></li> <li class="menu-donate"><a href="http://act.ciel.org/site/Donation2?df_id=1501&mfc_pref=T&1501.donation=form1">Donate</a></li> </ul> </nav><!--/.navbar--> </div><!--/container--> <div class="navbar navbar-default visible-xs-block"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="offcanvas" data-recalc="false" data-target="navmenu" data-canvas="canvas"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand " href="https://www.ciel.org/">Center for International Environmental Law</a> </div><!--/.navbar--> </header> <div class="wrap container-fluid" role="document"> <div class="content row"> <div class="page-header col-xs-12"> <div class="page-header-inner"><img width="1140" height="245" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-beakers-1140x245.jpg" class="attachment-1140x245 size-1140x245 wp-post-image" alt="toxics, endocrine-disrupting chemicals" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /> <h2> Toxics</h2> </div> <ul id="menu-issues-menu" class="nav nav-pills nav-justified hidden-xs"><li class="menu-climate"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/climate-2/">Climate</a></li> <li class="menu-corporate-accountability"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/corporate-accountability/">Corporate Accountability</a></li> <li class="menu-extractives"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/extractives-2/">Extractives</a></li> <li class="menu-finance-development"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/finance-and-development/">Finance & Development</a></li> <li class="menu-forests"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/forests/">Forests</a></li> <li class="menu-human-rights"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/human-rights-2/">Human Rights</a></li> <li class="menu-plastic"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/plastic/">Plastic</a></li> <li class="active menu-toxics"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/toxics-2/" aria-current="page">Toxics</a></li> <li class="menu-trade"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/trade-2/">Trade</a></li> </ul> </div><!--/.page-header-inner--> <main class="main col-sm-9" role="main"> <p>We鈥檝e reached chemical overload. Exposed through food, water, and products, untold tens of thousands of chemicals are in commerce, only a small fraction of which have been fully assessed. The levels of chemical contaminants continue to increase in our bodies and in our environment, and a growing body of scientific evidence has demonstrated the unique vulnerability of children to toxic threats. Meanwhile, new technologies and new materials are exposing families and children to new categories of risks, like nanomaterials and endocrine disrupting chemicals. Whether viewed from the national or international level, the current system for managing toxic risks is not up to the task, and trade negotiations threaten to undermine what little protections have already been secured. CIEL works to achieve a toxic-free future through our work negotiating new international treaties; changing public policy and private practices; advocating for precaution and increased attention on new forms of chemicals; and, along the way, building strong and diverse coalitions.</p> </article> <div class="row project-highlights"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6"> </div> </div> <div class="row action-areas"> <h2 class="col-xs-12 action">Action Areas</h2> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/global-chemical-safety/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ciel-rpt-p17-ts-147055226-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="global chemical safety" decoding="async" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/global-chemical-safety/">Global Chemical Safety</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/endocrine-disruptors/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/ciel-rpt-croplife-pesticide-sign-is-47983100-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="endocrine disrupting chemicals" decoding="async" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/endocrine-disruptors/">Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/nanotechnology/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-molecules-background_GJ6e9sdu-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="nanotechnology" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/nanotechnology/">Nanotechnology</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/human-rights-toxics/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/242564491-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="Toxic chemicals impact human rights - SAICM" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/human-rights-toxics/">Human Rights & Toxics</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/trade-investment-human-rights/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/DSC_0054-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="trade human rights" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/trade-investment-human-rights/">Trade & Human Rights</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/intellectual-property/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/generic-world-map-and-city-design_f1meBNdd-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="intellectual property" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/intellectual-property/">Intellectual Property</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/environmental-democracy-access-rights/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/GUA_0708_NENTON_CONSULTA_01-243x158.jpg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="human rights development environmental democracy" decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/environmental-democracy-access-rights/">Environmental Democracy & Access Rights</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> <div class="col-xs-6 col-sm-3"> <div class="content-item"> <a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/amicus-briefs/"><img width="243" height="158" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/AdobeStock_625064878-243x158.jpeg" class="attachment-action_thumbs size-action_thumbs wp-post-image" alt="Green globe placed on top of a book and gavel." decoding="async" loading="lazy" /></a> <h3><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issue/amicus-briefs/">Amicus Briefs</a></h3> </div><!--/.content-item--> </div> </main> <aside class="sidebar col-sm-3" role="complementary"> <section class="widget gform_widget-2 gform_widget"><h3>STAY INFORMED</h3><link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_reset_css-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formreset.min.css?ver=2.8.12' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.12' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_ready_class_css-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/readyclass.min.css?ver=2.8.12' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_browsers_css-css' href='https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/browsers.min.css?ver=2.8.12' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=d90eebea464f6c09bfd5" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.12" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":1,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = []; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"5b26e4ed08519894d7b7697cbb4840c1","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.12" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">var gform;gform||(document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",function(){gform.scriptsLoaded=!0}),window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){gform.domLoaded=!0}),gform={domLoaded:!1,scriptsLoaded:!1,initializeOnLoaded:function(o){gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?o():!gform.domLoaded&&gform.scriptsLoaded?window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",o):document.addEventListener("gform_main_scripts_loaded",o)},hooks:{action:{},filter:{}},addAction:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("action",o,n,r,t)},addFilter:function(o,n,r,t){gform.addHook("filter",o,n,r,t)},doAction:function(o){gform.doHook("action",o,arguments)},applyFilters:function(o){return gform.doHook("filter",o,arguments)},removeAction:function(o,n){gform.removeHook("action",o,n)},removeFilter:function(o,n,r){gform.removeHook("filter",o,n,r)},addHook:function(o,n,r,t,i){null==gform.hooks[o][n]&&(gform.hooks[o][n]=[]);var e=gform.hooks[o][n];null==i&&(i=n+"_"+e.length),gform.hooks[o][n].push({tag:i,callable:r,priority:t=null==t?10:t})},doHook:function(n,o,r){var t;if(r=Array.prototype.slice.call(r,1),null!=gform.hooks[n][o]&&((o=gform.hooks[n][o]).sort(function(o,n){return o.priority-n.priority}),o.forEach(function(o){"function"!=typeof(t=o.callable)&&(t=window[t]),"action"==n?t.apply(null,r):r[0]=t.apply(null,r)})),"filter"==n)return r[0]},removeHook:function(o,n,t,i){var r;null!=gform.hooks[o][n]&&(r=(r=gform.hooks[o][n]).filter(function(o,n,r){return!!(null!=i&&i!=o.tag||null!=t&&t!=o.priority)}),gform.hooks[o][n]=r)}});</script> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='0' id='gform_wrapper_1' ><style>#gform_wrapper_1[data-form-index="0"].gform-theme,[data-parent-form="1_0"]{--gf-color-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-primary-rgb: 32, 76, 229;--gf-color-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-primary-contrast-rgb: 255, 255, 255;--gf-color-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-secondary: #fff;--gf-color-secondary-rgb: 255, 255, 255;--gf-color-secondary-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-secondary-contrast-rgb: 17, 35, 55;--gf-color-secondary-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-secondary-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light: rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.1);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-rgb: 17, 35, 55;--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104, 110, 119, 0.35);--gf-color-out-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88, 94, 106;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-out-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.65);--gf-color-in-ctrl: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-rgb: 255, 255, 255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-contrast-rgb: 17, 35, 55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-darker: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-lighter: #FFFFFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary: #204ce5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-rgb: 32, 76, 229;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast: #fff;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-contrast-rgb: 255, 255, 255;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-darker: #001AB3;--gf-color-in-ctrl-primary-lighter: #527EFF;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light: rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.1);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-rgb: 17, 35, 55;--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-darker: rgba(104, 110, 119, 0.35);--gf-color-in-ctrl-light-lighter: #F5F5F5;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark: #585e6a;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-rgb: 88, 94, 106;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-darker: #112337;--gf-color-in-ctrl-dark-lighter: rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.65);--gf-radius: 3px;--gf-font-size-secondary: 14px;--gf-font-size-tertiary: 13px;--gf-icon-ctrl-number: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='8' height='14' viewBox='0 0 8 14' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M4 0C4.26522 5.96046e-08 4.51957 0.105357 4.70711 0.292893L7.70711 3.29289C8.09763 3.68342 8.09763 4.31658 7.70711 4.70711C7.31658 5.09763 6.68342 5.09763 6.29289 4.70711L4 2.41421L1.70711 4.70711C1.31658 5.09763 0.683417 5.09763 0.292893 4.70711C-0.0976311 4.31658 -0.097631 3.68342 0.292893 3.29289L3.29289 0.292893C3.48043 0.105357 3.73478 0 4 0ZM0.292893 9.29289C0.683417 8.90237 1.31658 8.90237 1.70711 9.29289L4 11.5858L6.29289 9.29289C6.68342 8.90237 7.31658 8.90237 7.70711 9.29289C8.09763 9.68342 8.09763 10.3166 7.70711 10.7071L4.70711 13.7071C4.31658 14.0976 3.68342 14.0976 3.29289 13.7071L0.292893 10.7071C-0.0976311 10.3166 -0.0976311 9.68342 0.292893 9.29289Z' fill='rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-select: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg width='10' height='6' viewBox='0 0 10 6' fill='none' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Cpath fill-rule='evenodd' clip-rule='evenodd' d='M0.292893 0.292893C0.683417 -0.097631 1.31658 -0.097631 1.70711 0.292893L5 3.58579L8.29289 0.292893C8.68342 -0.0976311 9.31658 -0.0976311 9.70711 0.292893C10.0976 0.683417 10.0976 1.31658 9.70711 1.70711L5.70711 5.70711C5.31658 6.09763 4.68342 6.09763 4.29289 5.70711L0.292893 1.70711C-0.0976311 1.31658 -0.0976311 0.683418 0.292893 0.292893Z' fill='rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-icon-ctrl-search: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='640' height='640'%3E%3Cpath d='M256 128c-70.692 0-128 57.308-128 128 0 70.691 57.308 128 128 128 70.691 0 128-57.309 128-128 0-70.692-57.309-128-128-128zM64 256c0-106.039 85.961-192 192-192s192 85.961 192 192c0 41.466-13.146 79.863-35.498 111.248l154.125 154.125c12.496 12.496 12.496 32.758 0 45.254s-32.758 12.496-45.254 0L367.248 412.502C335.862 434.854 297.467 448 256 448c-106.039 0-192-85.962-192-192z' fill='rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.65)'/%3E%3C/svg%3E");--gf-label-space-y-secondary: var(--gf-label-space-y-md-secondary);--gf-ctrl-border-color: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-size: var(--gf-ctrl-size-md);--gf-ctrl-label-color-primary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-label-color-secondary: #112337;--gf-ctrl-choice-size: var(--gf-ctrl-choice-size-md);--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-checkbox-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size: var(--gf-ctrl-radio-check-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-font-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-padding-x-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-size: var(--gf-ctrl-btn-size-md);--gf-ctrl-btn-border-color-secondary: #686e77;--gf-ctrl-file-btn-bg-color-hover: #EBEBEB;--gf-field-pg-steps-number-color: rgba(17, 35, 55, 0.8);}</style><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' id='gform_1' action='/issues/toxics-2/' data-formid='1' novalidate> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_1' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_below description_below validation_below'><li id="field_1_1" class="gfield gfield--type-text field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_1" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_1'>First Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_1' id='input_1_1' type='text' value='' class='medium' tabindex='1' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_4" class="gfield gfield--type-text field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_4" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_4'>Last Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_1_4' type='text' value='' class='medium' tabindex='2' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_2" class="gfield gfield--type-email field_sublabel_below gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_2" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_2'>Email</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_2' id='input_1_2' type='email' value='' class='medium' tabindex='3' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li></ul></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_1' class='gform_button button' value='Sign-up' tabindex='4' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_1").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_1' value='WyJbXSIsIjZmMGRlODRkNTJhYWRiMzdjOTUwMmI0N2U5ZmYwOTc2Il0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_1' id='gform_target_page_number_1' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_1' id='gform_source_page_number_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' /> </div> </form> </div><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_1').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_1');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_1').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_1').val();gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [1, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [1]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_1').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_1').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); /* ]]> */ </script> </section> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-wrap"> <!-- Nav tabs --> <ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"> <li role="presentation" class="active"><a href="#home" aria-controls="home" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Updates</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#profile" aria-controls="profile" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Impacts</a></li> <li role="presentation"><a href="#messages" aria-controls="messages" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">News</a></li> </ul> <!-- Tab panes --> <div class="tab-content"> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="home"> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/ceta-free-trade-agreement/" ?>EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/plastic/" ?>Stopping Plastic Pollution<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/human-rights-implications-of-toxic-chemicals-issue-briefs/" ?>Human Rights Implications of Toxic Chemicals – Issue Briefs<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <a href="/past-updates" class="read-all">[Read All]</a> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="profile"> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/plastic-and-human-health-a-lifecycle-approach-to-plastic-pollution/" ?>Plastic and Human Health: A Lifecycle Approach to Plastic Pollution<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/us-export-import-bank-investment-in-coal/" ?>US Export-Import Bank Investment in Coal<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/project-update/methanex-vs-united-states-amicus-curiae-briefs-allowed-in-international-investment-arbitration/" ?>Methanex vs. US: Amicus Briefs Allowed in International Investment Arbitration<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <a href="/project-updates-2" class="read-all">[Read All]</a> </div> <div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="messages"> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/news/reaction-to-new-eu-head-of-commission/" ?>New EU Agenda Under von der Leyen: Corporate Profit Eclipses People and Planet as Climate Concerns Take Backseat<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/news/ciel-and-ipen-urge-governments-to-uphold-scientific-integrity-in-development-of-new-science-policy-panel/" ?>CIEL and IPEN Urge Governments to Uphold Scientific Integrity in Development of New Science Policy Panel<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <div><a href="https://www.ciel.org/news/outcome-plastics-negotiations-inc4-ottawa/" ?>Plastics Treaty Talks in Ottawa Sacrifice Ambition for Compromise<span class="arrow-right"></span></a></div> <a href="/press-room" class="read-all">[Read All]</a> </div> </div> </div> </aside><!-- /.sidebar --> </div><!-- /.content --> </div><!-- /.wrap --> <section id="bottom-menu" class="container-fluid hidden-xs"> <div class="col-md-10 col-md-offset-2"> <ul id="menu-footer-menu" class="nav nav-default nav-justified"><li class="menu-about-us"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/">About Us</a></li> <li class="active menu-issues"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/issues/">Issues</a></li> <li class="menu-research-publications"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/research-publications/">Research & Publications</a></li> <li class="menu-get-involved"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/get-involved/">Get Involved</a></li> <li class="menu-press-room"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/press-room/">Press Room</a></li> <li class="menu-ciel-in-the-news"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/ciel-in-the-news/">CIEL in the News</a></li> <li class="menu-privacy-policy"><a href="https://www.ciel.org/about-us/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <footer class="content-info" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <div class="row-fluid"> </div> </div><!-- /.container --> </footer> <!-- Latest compiled and minified JavaScript --> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flexslider/2.2.2/jquery.flexslider-min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.lazyload/1.9.1/jquery.lazyload.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-813R5F5J8T', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/themes/ciel_roots/assets/js/scripts.js" id="roots_js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"5b26e4ed08519894d7b7697cbb4840c1"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/www.ciel.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.ciel.org/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 1) {} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){} ) } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); /* ]]> */ </script> </div><!--/#page-content-wrapper--> </div><!--/#wrapper--> <script src="//use.typekit.net/zmo1nel.js"></script> <script>try{Typekit.load();}catch(e){}</script> <script type="text/javascript">var switchTo5x=true;</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://ws.sharethis.com/button/buttons.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">stLight.options({publisher: "da82025e-3c42-4d99-ac88-701f718a3ac2", doNotHash: true, doNotCopy: false, hashAddressBar: false});</script> <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> </body> </html> <!-- Performance optimized by W3 Total Cache. Learn more: https://www.boldgrid.com/w3-total-cache/ Object Caching 235/502 objects using Disk Page Caching using Disk: Enhanced (SSL caching disabled) Database Caching 1/61 queries in 0.090 seconds using Disk (Request-wide modification query) Served from: www.ciel.org @ 2024-11-24 03:47:45 by W3 Total Cache -->