Emily Greene Balch | American Political Scientist, Economist & Pacifist

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(aged 94)</dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Founder: </dt> <dd><a href="/topic/Womens-International-League-for-Peace-and-Freedom">Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Awards And Honors: </dt> <dd><a href="/topic/Nobel-Prize">Nobel Prize (1946)</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class=""> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Notable Works: </dt> <dd><a href="/topic/Our-Slavic-Fellow-Citizens">“Our Slavic Fellow Citizens”</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> </div> <div class="facts-item-none d-none"> <div class="js-fact mb-10 line-clamp clamp-3"> <dl> <dt>Subjects Of Study: </dt> <dd><a href="/money/political-economy">political economy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/place/United-States">United States</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/Slav">Slav</a></dd> <dd><a href="/topic/immigration">immigration</a></dd> </dl> <button class="js-more-btn d-none btn btn-unstyled font-12 bg-gray-50" aria-label="Toggle more/less fact data"> <em class="js-content link-blue">(Show more)</em> </button> </div> <div class="text-center"> <a class="btn btn-sm btn-link p-0" href="/facts/Emily-Greene-Balch"> See all related content </a> </div> </div> </div> <button class="facts-list-show-more-btn mt-15 p-0 mx-auto btn font-14 d-block font-weight-normal"> <span class="material-icons" data-icon="expand_more"></span> <span class="show-more-label">Show More</span> </button> </div><span class="marker before-article"></span><section data-level="1" id="ref1"><span class="marker PREMOD1 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph"><strong><span id="ref167832"></span>Emily Greene Balch</strong> (born January 8, 1867, Jamaica Plain [now part of Boston], Mass., U.S.—died January 9, 1961, <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Cambridge-Massachusetts" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Cambridge</a>, Mass.) was an American sociologist, political scientist, economist, and <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="pacifist" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/pacifist" data-type="EB">pacifist</a>, a leader of the women’s movement for peace during and after <a href="https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">World War I</a>. She received the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Nobel-Prize" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Nobel Prize</a> for Peace in 1946 jointly with <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Mott" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">John Raleigh Mott</a>. She was also noted for her sympathetic and thorough study of Slavic immigrants in the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/United-States" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">United States</a>.</p><span class="marker MOD1 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD2 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Balch was in the first class to graduate from <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bryn-Mawr-College" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Bryn Mawr College</a>, in 1889. She pursued further studies in Paris and Berlin and at the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/University-of-Chicago" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">University of Chicago</a> and received training in <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-service" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">social work</a> from followers of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jacob-Riis" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Jacob Riis</a> in <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/New-York-City" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">New York City</a> and at Denison House, a <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-settlement" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">settlement house</a> in <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Boston" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Boston</a>, where she was associated with Vida Scudder. In 1896 she began her teaching career at <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wellesley-College" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Wellesley College</a>, becoming in 1913 professor of <a href="https://www.britannica.com/money/political-economy" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">political economy</a> and political and <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/social-science" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">social science</a>.</p><span class="marker MOD2 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD3 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">Balch continued her interest in the settlement house movement, working with <a href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jane-Addams" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Jane Addams’s</a> <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Hull-House" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Hull House</a> in Chicago. She was active in promoting various child-welfare reforms and served on <a href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Massachusetts" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Massachusetts</a> <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="commissions" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/commissions" data-type="EB">commissions</a> on industrial education (1908–09) and <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/immigration" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">immigration</a> (1913–14) and on the Boston <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/urban-planning" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">city planning</a> board (1914–17). To prepare <em><span id="ref167833"></span>Our Slavic Fellow Citizens</em> (1910), a study of Slavic immigrants, she lived in Slavic-American neighbourhoods in various cities and traveled to eastern Europe for firsthand knowledge of the Slavic homelands. A member of the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Society-of-Friends" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">Society of Friends</a>, Balch became increasingly committed to the cause of peace and, following her attendance at the International Congress of Women at The Hague in 1915, she devoted her major efforts to that cause. For opposing U.S. entry into World War I, she was dismissed from her professorship at Wellesley in 1918. She helped Addams found the <span id="ref632694"></span><a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Womens-International-League-for-Peace-and-Freedom" class="md-crosslink " data-show-preview="true">Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom</a> (WILPF) in Zürich, Switzerland, the following year and served as its secretary until 1922, when ill health forced her resignation; she resumed the post briefly in 1934–35 and in 1936 was elected honorary international president.</p><a class="link-module shadow-sm d-block qa-quiz-module" href="/quiz/economics-news" data-link-module-iframe-link=""> <img loading="lazy" src="https://cdn.britannica.com/37/129537-131-759449E7/stock-market-ticker-blog-society-history-wall-2009.jpg" alt="green and blue stock market ticker stock ticker. Hompepage blog 2009, history and society, financial crisis wall street markets finance stock exchange" class="rounded-sm mr-15" width="70" /> <div class="line-clamp clamp-5"> <div class="module-title bg-green">Britannica Quiz</div> <div class="font-weight-semi-bold mt-5">Economics News</div> </div> </a><div class="one-good-fact-module"> </div><span class="marker MOD3 mod-inline"></span><span class="marker PREMOD4 mod-inline"></span><p class="topic-paragraph">In 1926 Balch was part of an informal <a class="md-dictionary-link md-dictionary-tt-off eb" data-term="commission" href="https://www.britannica.com/dictionary/commission" data-type="EB">commission</a> organized to study conditions in Haiti, and the committee’s report, <em>Occupied Haiti</em> (1927), of which she was the principal author, was credited with hastening the withdrawal of U.S. forces from the <a href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/nation-state" class="md-crosslink autoxref " data-show-preview="true">country</a>. Balch gave her portion of the 1946 Nobel Prize for Peace to the WILPF. Among her other writings are <em>Outline of Economics</em> (1899), <em>A Study of Conditions of City Life</em> (1903), <em>Approaches to the Great Settlement</em> (1918), <em>Refugees as Assets</em> (1939), <em>One Europe</em> (1947), <em>Vignettes in Prose</em> (1952), and <em>Toward Human Unity, or Beyond Nationalism</em> (1952).</p><span class="marker MOD4 mod-inline"></span></section> <span class="md-signature">This article was most recently revised and updated by <a href="/contributor/encyclopaedia-britannica/12989892">Encyclopaedia Britannica</a>.</span><span class="marker end-of-content"></span><span class="marker after-article"></span></div> <div id="chatbot-root"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ai-dialog-placeholder"></div> </div> </div> <aside class="col-md-da-320"></aside> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article></div> </div></div> </div> </main> <div id="md-footer"></div> <noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5W6NC8" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="_informizely_script_tag"> var IzWidget = IzWidget || {}; (function (d) { var scriptElement = d.createElement('script'); scriptElement.type = 'text/javascript'; scriptElement.async = true; scriptElement.src = "https://insitez.blob.core.windows.net/site/f780f33e-a610-4ac2-af81-3eb184037547.js"; var node = d.getElementById('_informizely_script_tag'); node.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptElement, node); } )(document); </script>  <script> window.ap3c = window.ap3c || {}; var ap3c = window.ap3c; ap3c.cmd = ap3c.cmd || []; ap3c.cmd.push(function() { ap3c.init('ZO4siT4cLwnykPnzZWJtd3Byb2Q', 'https://engage.email.britannica.com/'); ap3c.track({v: 0}); }); ap3c.activity = function(act) { ap3c.act = (ap3c.act || []); ap3c.act.push(act); }; var s, t; s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = "https://engage.email.britannica.com/app.js"; t = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; t.parentNode.insertBefore(s, t); </script> <script class="marketing-page-info" type="application/json"> {"pageType":"Topic","templateName":"DESKTOP","pageNumber":1,"pagesTotal":1,"pageId":49923,"pageLength":416,"initialLoad":true,"lastPageOfScroll":false} </script> <script class="marketing-content-info" type="application/json"> [] </script> <script src="https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/js/libs/jquery-3.5.0.min.js?v=3.130.14"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-type="Init Mendel Code Splitting"> (function() { $.ajax({ dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: 'https://cdn.britannica.com/mendel-resources/3-130/dist/topic-page.js?v=3.130.14' }); })(); </script> <script class="analytics-metadata" type="application/json"> {"leg":"D","adLeg":"D","userType":"ANONYMOUS","pageType":"Topic","pageSubtype":null,"articleTemplateType":"BIO_MEDIUM","gisted":false,"pageNumber":1,"hasSummarizeButton":false,"hasAskButton":false} </script> <script type="text/javascript"> EBStat={accountId:-1,hostnameOverride:'webstats.eb.com',domain:'www.britannica.com', json:''}; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> ( function() { $.ajax( { dataType: 'script', cache: true, url: '//www.britannica.com/webstats/mendelstats.js?v=1' } ) .done( function() { try {writeStat(null,EBStat);} catch(err){} } ); })(); </script> <div id="bc-fixed-dialogue"></div> </body> </html>

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Emily Greene Balch | American Political Scientist, Economist & Pacifist | Britannica