DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: 2021

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href="/dhq/index/title.html"> Title</a></li><li><a href="/dhq/index/author.html"> Author</a></li></ul></div><img src="/dhq/common/images/lbarrev.png" style="margin-left : 7px;" alt=""/><div id="leftsideID"><b>ISSN 1938-4122</b><br/></div><div class="leftsidecontent"><h3>Announcements</h3><ul><li><a href="/dhq/news/news.html#peer_reviews">Call for Reviewers</a></li><li><a href="/dhq/submissions/index.html#logistics">Call for Submissions</a></li></ul></div><div class="leftsidecontent"><script type="text/javascript">addthis_pub = 'dhq';</script><a href="http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php" onmouseover="return addthis_open(this, '', '[URL]', '[TITLE]')" onmouseout="addthis_close()" onclick="return addthis_sendto()"><img src="http://s9.addthis.com/button1-addthis.gif" width="125" height="16" alt="button1-addthis.gif"/></a><script type="text/javascript" src="http://s7.addthis.com/js/152/addthis_widget.js"></script></div></div><div id="mainContent"><div id="printSiteTitle">DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly</div><div id="toc"> <h1>2021 15.2</h1> <h2>Editorials</h2> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000556/000556.html">Why Digital Humanists Should Emphasize Situated Data over Capta</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Matthew Lavin, Data Analytics Program, Denison University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000556en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000556en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000556en"> This essay looks back on Johanna Drucker’s “Humanities Approaches to Graphical Display” (2011) ten years after its initial publication in <cite class="italic">Digital Humanities Quarterly</cite>, in particular Drucker's call to “reconceive all data as capta.” Drucker makes several crucial points about humanistic inquiry, but this essay argues against her embrace of capta as a replacement term for data in two ways: (1) furnishing a revised and expanded etymology for the terms data and (2) exploring the benefits of embracing concepts such as situated data rather than capta. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Why%20Digital%20Humanists%20Should%20Emphasize%20Situated%20Data%20over%20Capta&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Lavin&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Matthew%20Lavin"> </span></div> <h2>Case Studies</h2> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000558/000558.html">Hands-On Reading: An Experiment in Slow Digital Reading</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Aditi Nafde, Newcastle University; Matt Coneys Wainwright, Newcastle University; Kate Court, Newcastle University; Fiona Galston, Newcastle University; James Cummings, Newcastle University; Tiago Sousa Garcia, Newcastle University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000558en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000558en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000558en"> This paper offers a case study of the development of Hands-On Reading (https://hands-on-reading.atnu.ncl.ac.uk/login), a web app that explores the interconnections between digital reading and writing. The app was created as part of the AHRC-funded project “Manuscripts after Print c.1450-1550: Producing and Reading Books during Technological Change,” which ran at Newcastle University between February 2019 and July 2020. It was initially designed to enable the project to ask two crucial questions: why does handwriting have an enduring relevance in a digital age; can a more hands-on approach to reading lead to a deeper engagement with a digital text? However, as this paper will show, the creation and testing of this app also raised a number of conceptual issues and technical challenges of broader relevance to the DH community, relating in particular to the question of whether reading and writing practices can be translated to the digital world. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hands-On%20Reading%3A%20An%20Experiment%20in%20Slow%20Digital%20Reading&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-07-17&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Nafde&rft.aufirst=Aditi&rft.au=Aditi%20Nafde&rft.au=Matt Coneys%20Wainwright&rft.au=Kate%20Court&rft.au=Fiona%20Galston&rft.au=James%20Cummings&rft.au=Tiago Sousa%20Garcia"> </span></div> <h2>Articles</h2> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000547/000547.html">Towards Hermeneutic Visualization in Digital Literary Studies</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Rabea Kleymann, Leibniz Center for Literary and Cultural Research; Jan-Erik Stange, Freie Universität Berlin</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000547en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000547en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000547en"> In this article, we present our reflections on hermeneutic data visualizations for digital literary studies. Hermeneutic approaches in the digital humanities have been rather agnostic about the epistemological premises of hermeneutic theory. These can be summarized as (1) differentiation author/text, (2) hermeneutic circle and (3) dependency text/recipient. In this article, we present the concept of hermeneutic visualization as a means of bridging the gap between “classic” literary hermeneutics and the emerging practice of digital literary hermeneutics. Since data visualization is based on epistemological premises stemming from the natural or social sciences, it is not well-equipped to meet hermeneutic demands. In this article, we argue that the digital humanities can meet hermeneutic demands through a critical interface and visualization concept. We discuss four postulates that can be used as guidelines and help transform “more traditional” data visualization into hermeneutic visualization, while respecting the epistemological foundations of hermeneutic theory. We demonstrate the usefulness of the postulates with an interactive prototype <cite class="italic">Stereoscope</cite> designed to support them.In our article, we refer to the discussions and results of the three-year research project <cite class="italic">Three-Dimensional Dynamic Data Visualisation and Exploration for Digital Humanities Research</cite> (3DH) at the University of Hamburg (04/2016–12/2018). The considerations on hermeneutic visualizations presented here are therefore the result of a very productive collaboration. Therefore we cannot claim the presented ideas as our own. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Towards%20Hermeneutic%20Visualization%20in%20Digital%20Literary%20Studies&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Kleymann&rft.aufirst=Rabea&rft.au=Rabea%20Kleymann&rft.au=Jan-Erik%20Stange"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000548/000548.html">Imagining the Continuously Present Past: Visualizing William Faulkner’s Narratives and <cite class="italic">Digital Yoknapatawpha</cite></a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Johannes Burgers, Ashoka University</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000548en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000548en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000548en"> Hosted out of the University of Virginia and funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, <cite class="italic">Digital Yoknapatawpha</cite> is an international and collaborative project composed of William Faulkner scholars and technologists. Its goal is to create a comprehensive database of all the locations, characters, and events in Faulkner’s Yoknapatawpha fictions with the aim of visualizing the data through a series of “deep atlases” and other displays. This paper traces the development cycle of a supplementary narrative structure analysis dashboard that allows users to explore the chronology, narrative status, and date range of all of the texts set in his mythic county. In doing so, it bridges some of the significant gaps between narratological theory and computational methods, opens up a conversation about representing narrative data, and suggests some possible avenues for research with the dashboard. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Imagining%20the%20Continuously%20Present%20Past%3A%20Visualizing%20William%20Faulkner%E2%80%99s%20Narratives%20and%20Digital%20Yoknapatawpha&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Burgers&rft.aufirst=Johannes&rft.au=Johannes%20Burgers"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000552/000552.html">Going Digital: Teaching Crevecoeur in the Twenty-First Century</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Mary Mcaleer Balkun, Seton Hall University; Diana Hope Polley, United States Air Force Academy</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000552en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000552en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000552en"> In this essay, we trace our early and ongoing development in creating a digital critical edition of J. Hector St. Jean de Crèvecoeur’s <cite class="italic">Letters from an American Farmer</cite>. We discuss our shift from print to digital publishing technologies and outline the challenges and lessons learned as two senior faculty members starting out in the digital humanities. The essay not only addresses our process in developing the digital edition but also our various experiences piloting the edition with our students. In several brief case studies, we analyze the value of integrating print vs. digital mediums into the classroom as well as our efforts to transfer editorial control over to our students, using the digital to teach them how to become curators of text. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Going%20Digital%3A%20Teaching%20Crevecoeur%20in%20the%20Twenty-First%20Century&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-06-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Mcaleer Balkun&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.au=Mary%20Mcaleer Balkun&rft.au=Diana%20Hope Polley"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000555/000555.html">Interpretable Outputs: Criteria for Machine Learning in the Humanities</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">James Dobson, Dartmouth College</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000555en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000555en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000555en"> There are a number of risks to interpretability found in the growing use of complicated computational methods within the humanities. Greater attention needs to be given to the format and presentation of the underlying data and the interpretation of any data-derived results. Visually appealing graphic renderings of data, high classification accuracy and confidence scores, and impressive summary statistics can be rhetorically structured to appeal to preconceived notions and commonplace understandings. While making arguments from the summary of significant features might be permissible in some applications of what is now commonly called data science, humanistic uses of computation put forward in the service of academic arguments require much greater access to and grounding in interpretable digital objects. When features are derived from text, these underlying features need to be shown and interpreted. This essay argues that claims made on behalf of computational models need to be evaluated and warranted by a set of shared assumptions and the ability to test and verify that the data are indeed comprehensible according to the norms of the shared interpretative community. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Interpretable%20Outputs%3A%20Criteria%20for%20Machine%20Learning%20in%20the%20Humanities&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2020-06-25&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Dobson&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=James%20Dobson"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000553/000553.html">Automatic Identification of Types of Alterations in Historical Manuscripts</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">David Lassner, Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin; Anne Baillot, Le Mans Université; Sergej Dogadov, Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin; Klaus-Robert Müller, Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin; Berlin Big Data Center; Germany Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University; Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik; Germany Berliner Zentrum für Maschinelles Lernen; Shinichi Nakajima, Machine Learning Group, Technische Universität Berlin; Germany Berlin Big Data Center; RIKEN Center for AIP</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000553en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000553en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000553en"> Alterations in historical manuscripts such as letters represent a promising field of research. On the one hand, they help understand the construction of text. On the other hand, topics that are being considered sensitive at the time of the manuscript gain coherence and contextuality when taking alterations into account, especially in the case of deletions. The analysis of alterations in manuscripts, though, is a traditionally very tedious work. In this paper, we present a machine learning-based approach to help categorize alterations in documents. In particular, we present a new probabilistic model (Alteration Latent Dirichlet Allocation, alterLDA in the following) that categorizes content-related alterations. The method proposed here is developed based on experiments carried out on the digital scholarly edition <cite class="italic">Berlin Intellectuals</cite>, for which alterLDA achieves high performance in the recognition of alterations on labelled data. On unlabelled data, applying alterLDA leads to interesting new insights into the alteration behavior of authors, editors and other manuscript contributors, as well as insights into sensitive topics in the correspondence of Berlin intellectuals around 1800. In addition to the findings based on the digital scholarly edition <cite class="italic">Berlin Intellectuals</cite>, we present a general framework for the analysis of text genesis that can be used in the context of other digital resources representing document variants. To that end, we present in detail the methodological steps that are to be followed in order to achieve such results, giving thereby a prime example of a Machine Learning application in the Digital Humanities. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Automatic%20Identification%20of%20Types%20of%20Alterations%20in%20Historical%20Manuscripts&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-11-15&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Lassner&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=David%20Lassner&rft.au=Anne%20Baillot&rft.au=Sergej%20Dogadov&rft.au=Klaus-Robert%20Müller&rft.au=Shinichi%20Nakajima"> </span></div> <div class="articleInfo" style="margin:0 0 1em 0;"><span class="monospace">[en] </span><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/000557/000557.html">“Beyond the Word:” Immersion, Art, and Theory in Environmental and Digital Humanities Prototyping</a><div style="padding-left:1em; margin:0;text-indent:-1em;">Hanna Musiol, Norwegian University of Science and Technology</div><span class="viewAbstract">Abstract <span class="viewAbstract monospace" style="display:inline" id="abstractExpanderabstract000557en"><a title="View Abstract" class="expandCollapse monospace" href="javascript:expandAbstract('abstract000557en')">[en]</a></span><span style="display:none" class="abstract" id="abstract000557en"> “Beyond the Word” explores the entanglements of Digital and Environmental Humanities (D&EH) with the word and textuality — but also beyond the word and text — with bodies, art, and digital apparati at its center as narrative, speculative, performative, and immersive instruments. Specifically, this article details efforts to incorporate mixmedia immersive literate, sonic, and visual art as a vehicle for teaching critical, speculative D&EH at a time of global ecological and digital transformations. Using two transdisciplinary humanities initiatives developed at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology as test cases, this text focuses on pedagogical prototyping experiments that encourage nondeterministic uses of, and thinking about, digital tools as vehicles for poetry, transmedia environmental storytelling, critical theory, ethics, and immersive archival reimagining. The article covers the design process and sample activities incorporated to transform the multimodal literature and theory classroom into inclusive, immersive commons, and it concludes with a reflection on the ethical ramifications of such D&EH work. </span></span><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzotero.org%3A2&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beyond%20the%20Word%3A%20Immersion,%20Art,%20and%20Theory%20in%20Environmental%20and%20Digital%20Humanities%20Prototyping&rft.jtitle=Digital%20Humanities%20Quarterly&rft.stitle=DHQ&rft.issn=1938-4122&rft.date=2021-08-14&rft.volume=015&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Musiol&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rft.au=Hanna%20Musiol"> </span></div> <h2><a href="/dhq/vol/15/2/bios.html">Author Biographies</a></h2></div><div id="footer"><div style="float:left; max-width:70%;"> URL: http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/15/2/index.html<br/> Comments: <a href="mailto:dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org" class="footer">dhqinfo@digitalhumanities.org</a><br/> Published by: <a href="http://www.digitalhumanities.org" class="footer">The Alliance of Digital Humanities Organizations</a> and <a href="http://www.ach.org" class="footer">The Association for Computers and the Humanities</a><br/>Affiliated with: <a href="https://academic.oup.com/dsh">Digital Scholarship in the Humanities</a><br/> DHQ has been made possible in part by the <a href="https://www.neh.gov/">National Endowment for the Humanities</a>.<br/>Copyright © 2005 - <script type="text/javascript"> var currentDate = new Date(); document.write(currentDate.getFullYear());</script><br/><a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nd/4.0/80x15.png"/></a><br/>Unless otherwise noted, the DHQ web site and all DHQ published content are published under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>. 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DHQ: Digital Humanities Quarterly: 2021