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class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaži/sakrij sadržaj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Imunotolerancija</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prijedi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupno je na 28 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A" title="تحمل مناعي — Arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تحمل مناعي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Имунна толерантност — Bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Имунна толерантност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imunotolerancija" title="Imunotolerancija — Bosanski" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Imunotolerancija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toler%C3%A0ncia_immunit%C3%A0ria" title="Tolerància immunitària — Katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tolerància immunitària" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imunitn%C3%AD_tolerance" title="Imunitní tolerance — Češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Imunitní tolerance" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immuntoleranz" title="Immuntoleranz — Nemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Immuntoleranz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Nemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_tolerance" title="Immune tolerance — Engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Immune tolerance" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolerancia_inmunitaria" title="Tolerancia inmunitaria — Španski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tolerancia inmunitaria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Španski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunotolerantzia" title="Immunotolerantzia — Baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Immunotolerantzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C" title="تحمل ایمنی — Persijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تحمل ایمنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tol%C3%A9rance_(immunologie)" title="Tolérance (immunologie) — Francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tolérance (immunologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolerancia_inmunol%C3%B3xica" title="Tolerancia inmunolóxica — Galski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tolerancia inmunolóxica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolleranza_immunologica" title="Tolleranza immunologica — Italijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tolleranza immunologica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E5%AF%9B%E5%AE%B9" title="免疫寛容 — Japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="免疫寛容" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Иммунологиялық толеранттық — Kozački" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Иммунологиялық толеранттық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kozački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%B4%EC%97%AD%EA%B4%80%EC%9A%A9" title="면역관용 — Korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="면역관용" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolerantie_(immunologie)" title="Tolerantie (immunologie) — Holandski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tolerantie (immunologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tolerancja_immunologiczna" title="Tolerancja immunologiczna — Poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tolerancja immunologiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84" title="معافيتي تحمل — Paštunski" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="معافيتي تحمل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paštunski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toler%C3%A2ncia_imunol%C3%B3gica" title="Tolerância imunológica — Portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tolerância imunológica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Иммунологическая толерантность — Ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иммунологическая толерантность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toleranca_(medicina)" title="Toleranca (medicina) — Slovenački" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Toleranca (medicina)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immuntolerans" title="Immuntolerans — Švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Immuntolerans" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mm%C3%BCn_tolerans" title="İmmün tolerans — Turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İmmün tolerans" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Імунологічна толерантність — Ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Імунологічна толерантність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunologik_tolerantlik" title="Immunologik tolerantlik — Uzbečki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Immunologik tolerantlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbečki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dung_n%E1%BA%A1p_mi%E1%BB%85n_d%E1%BB%8Bch" title="Dung nạp miễn dịch — Vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Dung nạp miễn dịch" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E8%80%90%E5%8F%97" title="免疫耐受 — Kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="免疫耐受" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1356761#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi međujezične poveznice" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi veze</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="sh-Latn" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Imunotolerancija" title="Vidi stranicu sadržaja [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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odgovara na supstance ili tkiva koja imaju sposobnost da izazovu <a href="/wiki/Imunski_odgovor" title="Imunski odgovor">imunski odgovor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel_lecture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janeways_ch15-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suprotna je konvencijskoj eliminaciji stranih <a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">antigena</a> koja je imunski posredovana (vidi <a href="/wiki/Imunski_odgovor" title="Imunski odgovor">Imunski odgovor</a>). Ova tolerancija se klasificira po kategorijama: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centralna_tolerancija" title="Centralna tolerancija">centralna tolerancija</a> i</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perferna_tolerancija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perferna tolerancija (stranica ne postoji)">perferna tolerancija</a>, zavisno od toga gdje je izvorno inducirana — u <a href="/wiki/Timus" title="Timus">timusu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1tana_sr%C5%BE" title="Koštana srž">koštanoj srži</a> (centralna) ili u ostalim tkivima i <a href="/wiki/Limfni_%C4%8Dvor" title="Limfni čvor">limfnim ćvorovima</a> (periferna).<sup id="cite_ref-<“law“_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-<“law“-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hadžiselimović-Pojskić_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hadžiselimović-Pojskić-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Mehanizmi kojima se uspostavlja ovaj oblik tolerancije su različiti, ali su im efekti slični. Imunotolerancija je važna za normalno odvijanje fizioloških procesa. Centralna tolerancija je glavni način na koji se imunski sistem „uči“ da ne diskriminira samog sebe. Periferna tolerancija je ključ za sprečavanje prekomjerne reaktivnosti imunskog sistema na različite subjekte okoliša (<a href="/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen">alergen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dobra_flora&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dobra flora (stranica ne postoji)">dobri mikrobi</a> i sl). Deficiti u centralnoj ili perifernoj tolerancija stoga mogu izazvati <a href="/wiki/Autoimuna_bolest" class="mw-redirect" title="Autoimuna bolest">autoimune bolesti</a>, što rezultira u sindromima, kao što su <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistemski_eritemski_lupus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistemski eritemski lupus (stranica ne postoji)">sistemski eritemski lupus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reumatoidni_arthritis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reumatoidni arthritis (stranica ne postoji)">reumatoidni arthritis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diabetes_mellitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabetes mellitus">Diabetes mellitus</a> tip 1,<sup id="cite_ref-Round_et_al_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Round_et_al-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoimunski_poliendokrini_sindrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoimunski poliendokrini sindrom (stranica ne postoji)">autoimunski poliendokrini sindrom</a> tip 1(APS-1),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPEX_sindrom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPEX sindrom (stranica ne postoji)">imunodisregulacijska poliendokrinopatska enteropatija X-vezani sindrom</a> (IPEX),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a potencijalno pridonosi i pri <a href="/wiki/Astma" title="Astma">astmi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alergija" title="Alergija">alergiji</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upalna_bolest_crijeva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upalna bolest crijeva (stranica ne postoji)">upalnoj bolesti crijeva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Round_et_al_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Round_et_al-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunska_tolerancija_u_trudno%C4%87i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunska tolerancija u trudnoći (stranica ne postoji)">Imunska tolerancija u trudnoći</a> je ono što omogućava majkama životinja da <a href="/wiki/Trudno%C4%87a" title="Trudnoća">donesu</a> genetički različito <a href="/w/index.php?title=Potomstvo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Potomstvo (stranica ne postoji)">potomstvo</a> sa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aloimunost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aloimunost (stranica ne postoji)">aloimunim</a> odgovorom koji je dovoljno utišan da spriječi <a href="/wiki/Poba%C4%8Daj" class="mw-redirect" title="Pobačaj">pobačaj</a>. Tolerancija je, međutim, takva da ima i svoje negativne kompromise. Omogućava da neki patogeni mikroorganizmi uspješno inficiraju domaćina i izbjegli eliminaciju.<sup id="cite_ref-More_of_the_same_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-More_of_the_same-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Osim toga, izazivanje periferne tolerancije u lokalnoj mikrosredini je zajednička strategija preživljavanja za brojne tumore jer nije spriječena njihova eliminacija odgovorom imunskog sistema domaćina.<sup id="cite_ref-Becker_et_al_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Becker_et_al-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definicije_i_primjena">Definicije i primjena</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odjeljak Definicije i primjena" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Definicije i primjena"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>U svom nobelovskom predavanju, Medawar i Burnet definiraju imunotoleranciju kao </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41558719">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>“ stanje of indiferentnosti ili nereaktivnosti prema supstanci za koju bi se normalno očekivaloda je pobude imunološki odgovor.”<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel_lecture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p></blockquote><p> Ostale recentnije definicije imaju više ili manje isto. U 8. izdanju Janewayeve Imunobiologije tolerancija je definirana kao “nedostatak imunološkog odgovora… na ostala tkiva.”<sup id="cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janeways_ch15-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Imunotolerancija obuhvata niz fizioloških mehanizama kojima tijelo umanjuje imunski odgovor na određene agense. To se koristi za opisivanje fenomena sposobnosti diskriminacije sebe i ne-sebe, suzbijanje alergijske reakcije, dopuštanje hroničnih infekcija, umjesto odbacivanja i eliminacije i sprečavanje napada fetusa od imunskog sistema majke. </p><p>Tipski, podrazumijeva se promjena domaćina, a ne <a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">antigena</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nobel_lecture-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though some pathogens can evolve to become less virulent in host-pathogen coevolution,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tolerancija se ne odnosi na promjene u patogenima, ali se može koristiti za opisivanje promjena u fiziologiji domaćina. Tako imunotolerancija se ne odnosi na obično umjetno izazvane <a href="/wiki/Imunosupresija" title="Imunosupresija">imunosupresije</a> putem kortikosteroida, limfotoksičnom hemoterapijom, subletalnim zračenjem, itd. Niti se to odnosi na druge vrste nereaktivnosti, kao što je imunska paraliza.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> U dva posljednja slučaja, fiziologija domaćina je hendikepirana, ali nije fundamentalno promijenjena. Imunotolerancija je formalno diferencirane u centralnu ili perifernu;<sup id="cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janeways_ch15-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Međutim, alternativni termini kao što je "prirodna" ili "stečena" tolerancija ponekad se koriste da se za oblike uspostavljanja tolerancije fiziološkim ili vještačkim putem u eksperimentalnom ili farmakološkom smislu.<sup id="cite_ref-Jump_et_al_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jump_et_al-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ovea dva načina kategorizacije su ponekad zbunjujući, ali nisu ekvivalentni, jer centralna ili periferna tolerancija mogu prirodna i eksperimentalno nducirana biti prisutni. Ove razlike je važno imati na umu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Povezano">Povezano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odjeljak Povezano" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Povezano"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imunski_odgovor" title="Imunski odgovor">Imunski odgovor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centralna_tolerancija" title="Centralna tolerancija">Centralna tolerancija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periferna_tolerancija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periferna tolerancija (stranica ne postoji)">Periferna tolerancija</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alergija" title="Alergija">Alergija</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reakciona_norma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reakciona norma (stranica ne postoji)">Reakciona norma</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odjeljak Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Reference"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41556849">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nobel_lecture-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nobel_lecture_1-2">1,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1960/medawar-lecture.html">„Nobel Lectures, Physiology of Medicine 1942-1962”</a>. Elsevier Publishing Company<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 12/10/13</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Nobel+Lectures%2C+Physiology+of+Medicine+1942-1962&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Elsevier+Publishing+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fnobel_prizes%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F1960%2Fmedawar-lecture.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janeways_ch15-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Janeways_ch15_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Murphy, Kenneth (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/janewaysimmunobi0000murp"><i>Janeway's Immunobiology: 8th ed.</i></a>. Chapter 15: Garland Science. str. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/janewaysimmunobi0000murp/page/n632">611</a>–668. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0815342438" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0815342438">0815342438</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Janeway%27s+Immunobiology%3A+8th+ed.&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.au=Murphy%2C%26%2332%3BKenneth&rft.date=2012&rft.pages=str.%26nbsp%3B%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjanewaysimmunobi0000murp%2Fpage%2Fn632+611%5D%E2%80%93668&rft.place=Chapter+15&rft.pub=Garland+Science&rft.isbn=0815342438&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjanewaysimmunobi0000murp&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-<“law“-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-<“law“_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Lawrence E., Ed., ur. (1999). <i>Henderson's Dictionary of Biological Terms</i>. London: Longman. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-582-22708-9" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-582-22708-9">0-582-22708-9</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henderson%27s+Dictionary+of+Biological+Terms&rft.date=1999&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman&rft.isbn=0-582-22708-9&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hadžiselimović-Pojskić-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Hadžiselimović-Pojskić_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">Hadžiselimović R., Pojskić N. (2005). <i>Uvod u humanu imunogenetiku.</i>. Institut za genetičko inženjerstvo i biotehnologiju (INGEB), Sarajevo. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9958-9344-3-4" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9958-9344-3-4">9958-9344-3-4</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uvod+u+humanu+imunogenetiku.&rft.aulast=Had%C5%BEiselimovi%C4%87+R.%2C+Pojski%C4%87+N.&rft.au=Had%C5%BEiselimovi%C4%87+R.%2C+Pojski%C4%87+N.&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=Institut+za+geneti%C4%8Dko+in%C5%BEenjerstvo+i+biotehnologiju+%28INGEB%29%2C+Sarajevo&rft.isbn=9958-9344-3-4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Choi, J; Kim ST; Craft J (2012). „The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus-an update.”. <i>Curr Opin Immunol</i> <b>24</b> (6): 651–657. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.coi.2012.10.004">10.1016/j.coi.2012.10.004</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+pathogenesis+of+systemic+lupus+erythematosus-an+update.&rft.jtitle=Curr+Opin+Immunol&rft.aulast=Choi&rft.aufirst=J&rft.au=Choi%2C%26%2332%3BJ&rft.au=Kim+ST&rft.au=Craft+J&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=651%E2%80%93657&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.coi.2012.10.004&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Round_et_al-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Round_et_al_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Round_et_al_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Round, JL; O'Connell RM; Mazmanian SK (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3155383/">„Coordination of tolerogenic immune responses by the commensal microbiota”</a>. <i>J Autoimmun</i> <b>34</b> (3): J220-J225. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jaut.2009.11.007">10.1016/j.jaut.2009.11.007</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Central" title="PubMed Central">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3155383">3155383</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19963349">19963349</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Coordination+of+tolerogenic+immune+responses+by+the+commensal+microbiota&rft.jtitle=J+Autoimmun&rft.aulast=Round&rft.aufirst=JL&rft.au=Round%2C%26%2332%3BJL&rft.au=O%27Connell+RM&rft.au=Mazmanian+SK&rft.date=2010&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=J220-J225&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jaut.2009.11.007&rft_id=info:pmc/3155383&rft_id=info:pmid/19963349&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3155383%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Perniola, R (2012). „Expression of the autoimmune regulator gene and its relevance to the mechanisms of central and peripheral tolerance.”. <i>Clin Dev Immunol</i> <b>2012</b>: 207403. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1155%2F2012%2F207403">10.1155/2012/207403</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Expression+of+the+autoimmune+regulator+gene+and+its+relevance+to+the+mechanisms+of+central+and+peripheral+tolerance.&rft.jtitle=Clin+Dev+Immunol&rft.aulast=Perniola&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Perniola%2C%26%2332%3BR&rft.date=2012&rft.volume=2012&rft.pages=207403&rft_id=info:doi/10.1155%2F2012%2F207403&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Verbsky, JW; Chatila TA. (2013). „Immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy X-linked (IPEX) and IPEX-related disorders: an evolving web of heritable autoimmune diseases”. <i>Curr Opin Pediatr</i> <b>25</b> (6): 708–714. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1097%2Fmop.0000000000000029">10.1097/mop.0000000000000029</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Immune+dysregulation%2C+polyendocrinopathy%2C+enteropathy+X-linked+%28IPEX%29+and+IPEX-related+disorders%3A+an+evolving+web+of+heritable+autoimmune+diseases&rft.jtitle=Curr+Opin+Pediatr&rft.aulast=Verbsky&rft.aufirst=JW&rft.au=Verbsky%2C%26%2332%3BJW&rft.au=Chatila+TA.&rft.date=2013&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=708%E2%80%93714&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2Fmop.0000000000000029&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Maazi, H; Lam J; Lombardi V; Akbari O (2013). „Role of plasmacytoid dendritic cell subsets in allergic asthma”. <i>Allergy</i> <b>68</b> (6): 695–701. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fall.12166">10.1111/all.12166</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Role+of+plasmacytoid+dendritic+cell+subsets+in+allergic+asthma&rft.jtitle=Allergy&rft.aulast=Maazi&rft.aufirst=H&rft.au=Maazi%2C%26%2332%3BH&rft.au=Lam+J&rft.au=Lombardi+V&rft.au=Akbari+O&rft.date=2013&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=695%E2%80%93701&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111%2Fall.12166&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-More_of_the_same-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-More_of_the_same_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Curotto de Lafaille, MA; Lafaillle JJ (2009). „Natural and Adaptive Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells: More of the Same or a Division of Labor?”. <i>Immunity</i> <b>30</b> (6): 626–635. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.immuni.2009.05.002">10.1016/j.immuni.2009.05.002</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Natural+and+Adaptive+Foxp3%2B+Regulatory+T+Cells%3A+More+of+the+Same+or+a+Division+of+Labor%3F&rft.jtitle=Immunity&rft.aulast=Curotto+de+Lafaille&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.au=Curotto+de+Lafaille%2C%26%2332%3BMA&rft.au=Lafaillle+JJ&rft.date=2009&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=626%E2%80%93635&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.immuni.2009.05.002&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Becker_et_al-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Becker_et_al_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Becker, JC; Andersen MH; Schrama D; Straten P (2013). „Immune-suppressive properties of the tumor microenvironment”. <i>Cancer Immunol Immunother</i> <b>62</b> (7): 1137–1148. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00262-013-1434-6">10.1007/s00262-013-1434-6</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Immune-suppressive+properties+of+the+tumor+microenvironment&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Immunol+Immunother&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=JC&rft.au=Becker%2C%26%2332%3BJC&rft.au=Andersen+MH&rft.au=Schrama+D&rft.au=Straten+P&rft.date=2013&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1137%E2%80%931148&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs00262-013-1434-6&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Fenner, F (1983). „The Florey lecture”. <i>Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci</i>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Florey+lecture&rft.jtitle=Proc+R+Soc+Lond+B+Biol+Sci&rft.aulast=Fenner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.au=Fenner%2C%26%2332%3BF&rft.date=1983&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Felton, LD; Kauffmann G; Prescott B; Ottinger B (1955). „Studies on the mechanism of the immunological paralysis induced in mice by pneumococcal polysaccharides”. <i>J Immunol</i> <b>74</b> (1): 17–26.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+mechanism+of+the+immunological+paralysis+induced+in+mice+by+pneumococcal+polysaccharides&rft.jtitle=J+Immunol&rft.aulast=Felton&rft.aufirst=LD&rft.au=Felton%2C%26%2332%3BLD&rft.au=Kauffmann+G&rft.au=Prescott+B&rft.au=Ottinger+B&rft.date=1955&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=17%E2%80%9326&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jump_et_al-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Jump_et_al_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Jump, RL; Levine AD (2004). „Mechanisms of Natural Tolerance in the Intestine - Implications for Inflammatory Bowel Disease”. <i>Inflamm Bowel Dis</i> <b>10</b> (4): 462–478. <a href="/wiki/Digitalni_identifikator_objekta" title="Digitalni identifikator objekta">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1097%2F00054725-200407000-00023">10.1097/00054725-200407000-00023</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+Natural+Tolerance+in+the+Intestine+-+Implications+for+Inflammatory+Bowel+Disease&rft.jtitle=Inflamm+Bowel+Dis&rft.aulast=Jump&rft.aufirst=RL&rft.au=Jump%2C%26%2332%3BRL&rft.au=Levine+AD&rft.date=2004&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=462%E2%80%93478&rft_id=info:doi/10.1097%2F00054725-200407000-00023&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Imunotolerancija"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_veze">Vanjske veze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odjeljak Vanjske veze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunotolerancija&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske veze"><span>uredi kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.everydayhealth.com/autoimmune-disorders/index.aspx">http://www.everydayhealth.com/autoimmune-disorders/index.aspx</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.journals.elsevier.com/human-immunology/call-for-papers/single-molecule-sequencing-for-histocompatibility-and-immuno/">http://www.journals.elsevier.com/human-immunology/call-for-papers/single-molecule-sequencing-for-histocompatibility-and-immuno/</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.karger.com/Journal/Issue/227635">http://www.karger.com/Journal/Issue/227635</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.springer.com/biomed/immunology/journal/251">http://www.springer.com/biomed/immunology/journal/251</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.immunetolerance.org/">Immune Tolerance Network</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.immunetolerance.elsevier.com/">International Conference on Immune Tolerance</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110219013156/http://www.immunetolerance.elsevier.com/">Arhivirano</a> 2011-02-19 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine-u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2009/MB_cgi?mode=&term=Immune+tolerance">Immune+tolerance</a></i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r41348688">.mw-parser-output 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title="Razgovor o šablonu:Imunski sistem"><abbr title="Razgovarajte o šablonu" style=";background:#efefef;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">r</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-uredi"><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablon:Imunski_sistem&action=edit"><abbr title="Uredite šablon" style=";background:#efefef;background:none transparent;color:inherit;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">u</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Imunski_sistem_/_Imunologija" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Imunski_sistem" title="Imunski sistem">Imunski sistem</a> / <a href="/wiki/Imunologija" title="Imunologija">Imunologija</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen">Sistemi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Adaptivni_imunski_sistem" title="Adaptivni imunski sistem">Adaptivni</a> vs. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uro%C4%91eni_imunski_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urođeni imunski sistem (stranica ne postoji)">Urođeni</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Humoralna_imunost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humoralna imunost (stranica ne postoji)">Humoralna</a> vs. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%86elijski-posredovanja_imunost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ćelijski-posredovanja imunost (stranica ne postoji)">Ćelijska</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplementni_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Komplementni sistem (stranica ne postoji)">Komplementni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anafilatoksini" class="mw-redirect" title="Anafilatoksini">Anafilatoksinii</a>) •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Unutra%C5%A1nja_imunost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Unutrašnja imunost (stranica ne postoji)">Unutrašnja</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen">Limfoidni</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Antigeni" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background-color: LightGreen"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Antigeni</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antigen" title="Antigen">Antigen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Superantigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superantigen (stranica ne postoji)">Superantigen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alergen" title="Alergen">Alergen</a>) •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hapten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hapten (stranica ne postoji)">Hapten</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Epitop" title="Epitop">Epitop</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Linearni_epitop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linearni epitop (stranica ne postoji)">Linearni</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Konformacioni_epitop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konformacioni epitop (stranica ne postoji)">Konformacioni</a>) •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mimotop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mimotop (stranica ne postoji)">Mimotop</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background-color: LightGreen"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Antitela</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antitelo" title="Antitelo">Antitelo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monoklonalna_antitela" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoklonalna antitela">Monoklonalna antitela</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poliklonalna_antitela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poliklonalna antitela (stranica ne postoji)">Poliklonalna antitela</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoantitelo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoantitelo (stranica ne postoji)">Autoantitelo</a>) •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odgovor_poliklonalnih_B_%C4%87elija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odgovor poliklonalnih B ćelija (stranica ne postoji)">Odgovor poliklonalnih B ćelija</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunoglobulinski_alotip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunoglobulinski alotip (stranica ne postoji)">Alotip</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotip_(imunologija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotip (imunologija) (stranica ne postoji)">Izotip</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Idiotip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Idiotip (stranica ne postoji)">Idiotip</a><br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunski_kompleks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunski kompleks (stranica ne postoji)">Imunski kompleks</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paratop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paratop (stranica ne postoji)">Paratop</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background-color: LightGreen"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Imunost vs.<br /> tolerancija</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>akcija:</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunitet_(medicina)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunitet (medicina) (stranica ne postoji)">Imunitet</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autoimunitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autoimunitet (stranica ne postoji)">Autoimunitet</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aloimunitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aloimunitet (stranica ne postoji)">Aloimunitet</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Alergija" title="Alergija">Alergija</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Hipersenzitivnost" title="Hipersenzitivnost">Hipersenzitivnost</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Zapaljenje" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapaljenje">Inflamacija</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kros-reaktivnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kros-reaktivnost (stranica ne postoji)">Kros-reaktivnost</a><br /><i>neaktivnost:</i> <a href="/wiki/Imunska_tolerancija" class="mw-redirect" title="Imunska tolerancija">Tolerancija</a> (<a href="/wiki/Centralna_tolerancija" title="Centralna tolerancija">Centralna</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Periferna_tolerancija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Periferna tolerancija (stranica ne postoji)">Periferna</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klonalna_anergija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klonalna anergija (stranica ne postoji)">Klonalna anergija</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klonalno_brisanje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klonalno brisanje (stranica ne postoji)">Klonalno brisanje</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunka_tolerancija_u_trudno%C4%87i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunka tolerancija u trudnoći (stranica ne postoji)">Tolerancija u trudnoći</a>) •  <a href="/wiki/Imunodeficijencija" title="Imunodeficijencija">Imunodeficijencija</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;background-color: LightGreen"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imunogenetika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imunogenetika (stranica ne postoji)">Imunogenetika</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Somatska_hipermutacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Somatska hipermutacija (stranica ne postoji)">Somatska hipermutacija</a> •  <a href="/wiki/V(D)J_rekombinacija" title="V(D)J rekombinacija">V(D)J rekombinacija</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sastavna_raznovrsnost&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sastavna raznovrsnost (stranica ne postoji)">Sastavna raznovrsnost</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Promena_imunoglobulinske_klase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Promena imunoglobulinske klase (stranica ne postoji)">Promena imunoglobulinske klase</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glavni_histokompatibilni_kompleks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glavni histokompatibilni kompleks (stranica ne postoji)">MHC</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ljudski_leukocitni_antigen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ljudski leukocitni antigen (stranica ne postoji)">HLA</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen">Imunske ćelije/<br /><a href="/wiki/Bela_krvna_zrnca" class="mw-redirect" title="Bela krvna zrnca">Bela krvna zrnca</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b>Limfoid</b>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=T_%C4%87elija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T ćelija (stranica ne postoji)">T ćelija</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=B_%C4%87elija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B ćelija (stranica ne postoji)">B ćelija</a> •  <a href="/wiki/%C4%86elije_ubice" title="Ćelije ubice">NK ćelija</a> <p><b>Mijeloid</b>: <a href="/wiki/Mast_%C4%87elija" class="mw-redirect" title="Mast ćelija">Mast ćelija</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bazofil_granulocit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bazofil granulocit (stranica ne postoji)">Bazofil</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Eozinofil" title="Eozinofil">Eozinofil</a> •  <b><a href="/wiki/Fagocit" title="Fagocit">Fagociti</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Neutrofil" title="Neutrofil">Neutrofil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makrofag" title="Makrofag">Makrofag</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Retikuloendotelni_sistem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Retikuloendotelni sistem (stranica ne postoji)">Retikuloendotelni sistem</a>) </p> <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antigen-prezentiraju%C4%87e_%C4%87elije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antigen-prezentirajuće ćelije (stranica ne postoji)">APC</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Dendritska_%C4%87elija" title="Dendritska ćelija">Dendritska ćelija</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Makrofag" title="Makrofag">Makrofag</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=B_%C4%87elija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B ćelija (stranica ne postoji)">B ćelija</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen">Supstance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Citokin" title="Citokin">Citokini</a> •  <a href="/wiki/Opsonin" title="Opsonin">Opsonin</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Citolizin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Citolizin (stranica ne postoji)">Citolizin</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limfopoeza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limfopoeza (stranica ne postoji)">Limfopoeza</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limfoblast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limfoblast (stranica ne postoji)">Limfoblast</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prolimfocit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prolimfocit (stranica ne postoji)">Prolimfocit</a> •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timocit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timocit (stranica ne postoji)">Timocit</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: LightGreen">Drugi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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