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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">Revenge of an Actress</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data description"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size: 1rem"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E4%BC%B6" class="extiw" title="wikt:女伶">女伶</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%BE%A9%E4%BB%87" class="extiw" title="wikt:復仇">復仇</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A8%98" class="extiw" title="wikt:記">記</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size: 1rem"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A5%B3%E4%BC%B6" class="extiw" title="wikt:女伶">女伶</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%A4%8D%E4%BB%87" class="extiw" title="wikt:复仇">复仇</a><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%AE%B0" class="extiw" title="wikt:记">记</a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Record of an Actress's Revenge</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Nǚlíng Fùchóu Jì</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bu_Wancang" title="Bu Wancang">Bu Wancang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanlun" title="Wang Hanlun">Wang Hanlun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Screenplay by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bao_Tianxiao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bao Tianxiao (page does not exist)">Bao Tianxiao</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%A9%E7%AC%91" class="extiw" title="zh:包天笑">zh</a>]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanlun" title="Wang Hanlun">Wang Hanlun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gao_Zhanfei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gao Zhanfei (page does not exist)">Gao Zhanfei</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8D%A0%E9%9D%9E" class="extiw" title="zh:高占非">zh</a>]</span></li> <li>Fei Boqing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Chusheng" title="Cai Chusheng">Cai Chusheng</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Production<br />company</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="vertical-align: middle;">Hanlun Film Company</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>1929<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1929</span>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">China</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Revenge of an Actress</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">女伶復仇記</span>; <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">simplified Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">女伶复仇记</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">nǚlíng fùchóu jì</span></i>) is a 1929 Chinese <a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">silent film</a>. It follows a love triangle between two students and an actress, whereby she seeks revenge for her lover being blinded by her scorned suitor. Initially directed by <a href="/wiki/Bu_Wancang" title="Bu Wancang">Bu Wancang</a>, directing was taken over by star <a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanlun" title="Wang Hanlun">Wang Hanlun</a> when Bu proved unreliable; production and editing was also handled by Wang through her Hanlun Film Company. The film was reportedly a commercial success, allowing Wang to retire from the film industry. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenge_of_an_Actress&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two students, Long and Yu, have fallen in love with the actress Youlan. She falls in love with Yu, spurning Long, who blinds his former friend in a fit of rage. Youlan seeks to avenge her beloved, but dies with her vengeance unfulfilled.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChina_Film_Publishing_House20054_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChina_Film_Publishing_House20054-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenge_of_an_Actress&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having begun her career with <i><a href="/wiki/Orphan_Rescues_Grandfather" title="Orphan Rescues Grandfather">Orphan Rescues Grandfather</a></i> in 1923 and established a reputation as a tragedienne, the actress <a href="/wiki/Wang_Hanlun" title="Wang Hanlun">Wang Hanlun</a> had failed to receive her salary when working for Shanghai's dominant <a href="/wiki/Mingxing" title="Mingxing">Mingxing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tianyi_Film_Company" title="Tianyi Film Company">Tianyi</a> film companies. Frustrated by the situation, as well as what she perceived to be an exploitive time in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, Wang decided to produce one final film before retiring. She thus established the Hanlun Film Company, renting space in a building owned by <a href="/wiki/Minxin" title="Minxin">Minxin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As her logo, she used an image of a cat, imitating the lion used by <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang200811_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhang200811-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wang purchased a screenplay, then titled <i>Blind Love</i>, from the dramatist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bao_Tianxiao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bao Tianxiao (page does not exist)">Bao Tianxiao</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%85%E5%A4%A9%E7%AC%91" class="extiw" title="zh:包天笑">zh</a>]</span> for 800 <a href="/wiki/Yuan_(currency)" title="Yuan (currency)">yuan</a> (equivalent to ¥71,000 in 2019).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWang201655_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWang201655-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She hired <a href="/wiki/Bu_Wancang" title="Bu Wancang">Bu Wancang</a> to handle directing, but after he proved unreliable and spent much of his time gambling on horses, Wang decided to finish the film, now titled <i>Revenge of an Actress</i>, herself.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei201215-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Further setbacks emerged when Minxin reclaimed its office space, requiring Wang to finish filming –  with the assistance of <a href="/wiki/Cai_Chusheng" title="Cai Chusheng">Cai Chusheng</a> –  at her home.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She therefore became one of China's earliest women directors, preceded by Xie Caizhen (<i>An Orphan's Cry</i>, 1925)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei201215-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Yang_Naimei" title="Yang Naimei">Yang Naimei</a> (<i>A Wondrous Woman</i>, 1928).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2018_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2018-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once principal photography was completed, Wang edited <i>Revenge of an Actress</i> herself. After purchasing a projector, she spent forty days at home, playing and cutting the film bit by bit until she achieved the finished product.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei201215-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thematically, the film was a family melodrama, drawing heavily from the <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Ducks_and_Butterflies" title="Mandarin Ducks and Butterflies">Mandarin Ducks and Butterflies</a> school of literature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It starred Wang as the titular actress, with other roles filled by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gao_Zhanfei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gao Zhanfei (page does not exist)">Gao Zhanfei</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%8D%A0%E9%9D%9E" class="extiw" title="zh:高占非">zh</a>]</span>, Fei Boqing, and Cai Chusheng.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheng1980626_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECheng1980626-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release_and_reception">Release and reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenge_of_an_Actress&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Release and reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Revenge of an Actress</i> was released in 1929, going on tour across China with stops that included <a href="/wiki/Suzhou" title="Suzhou">Suzhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wuxi" title="Wuxi">Wuxi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang200811_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhang200811-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the intermission, she would stand on stage and speak with audience members, obtaining feedback.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChang1999136_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChang1999136-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was reportedly a commercial success, allowing Wang to leave the film industry. She used part of the profits to finalize her divorce from her estranged husband, with other profits being used to study <a href="/wiki/Cosmetology" title="Cosmetology">cosmetology</a>. In 1930, she opened the Hanlun Beauty Salon in Shanghai.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2017-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenge_of_an_Actress&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChina_Film_Publishing_House20054-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChina_Film_Publishing_House20054_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChina_Film_Publishing_House2005">China Film Publishing House 2005</a>, p. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2017-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2017_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWei2017">Wei 2017</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZhang200811-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang200811_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZhang200811_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFZhang2008">Zhang 2008</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWang201655-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWang201655_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWang2016">Wang 2016</a>, p. 55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei201215-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei201215_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWei2012">Wei 2012</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWei2018-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWei2018_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWei2018">Wei 2018</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECheng1980626-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECheng1980626_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCheng1980">Cheng 1980</a>, p. 626.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChang1999136-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChang1999136_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChang1999">Chang 1999</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Sources</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChina_Film_Publishing_House2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IFZ6AAAAIAAJ"><bdi lang="zh">百年电影与江苏, 1905–2005</bdi></a> [<i>A Century of Film and Jiangsu, 1905–2005</i>] (in Chinese). Beijing: China Film Publishing House. 2005. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-106-02389-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-106-02389-8"><bdi>978-7-106-02389-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E7%99%BE%E5%B9%B4%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E4%B8%8E%E6%B1%9F%E8%8B%8F%2C+1905%E2%80%932005&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=China+Film+Publishing+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-7-106-02389-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIFZ6AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChang1999" class="citation book cs1">Chang, Michael (1999). "The Good, the Bad, & the Beautiful: Movie Actresses & Public Discourse in Shanghai, 1920s-1930s". In Zhang, Yingjin (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vD6I4hP4CDMC"><i>Cinema and Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922–1943</i></a>. Redwood City, California: Stanford University Press. pp. 128–159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3572-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3572-8"><bdi>978-0-8047-3572-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Good%2C+the+Bad%2C+%26+the+Beautiful%3A+Movie+Actresses+%26+Public+Discourse+in+Shanghai%2C+1920s-1930s&rft.btitle=Cinema+and+Urban+Culture+in+Shanghai%2C+1922%E2%80%931943&rft.place=Redwood+City%2C+California&rft.pages=128-159&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-3572-8&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvD6I4hP4CDMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng1980" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Cheng Jihua (程季华) (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qpovAQAAIAAJ"><bdi lang="zh">中国电影发展史: 初稿</bdi></a> [<i>History of the Development of Chinese Cinema: A Preliminary Review</i>] (in Chinese). Vol. 1. Beijing: China Film Publishing House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E5%BD%B1%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95%E5%8F%B2%3A+%E5%88%9D%E7%A8%BF&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=China+Film+Publishing+House&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jihua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqpovAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wang Qinyi (王青亦) (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KUKhEAAAQBAJ"><bdi lang="zh">制造性别：现代中国的性别传播</bdi></a> [<i>Manufacturing Gender: Gender Communication in Modern China</i>] (in Chinese). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-7-5097-8950-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-7-5097-8950-6"><bdi>978-7-5097-8950-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%EF%BC%9A%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E5%88%AB%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD&rft.place=Beijing&rft.pub=Social+Sciences+Academic+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-7-5097-8950-6&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Qingyi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKUKhEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWei2012" class="citation book cs1">Wei, S. Louisa (2012). "Women's Trajectories in Chinese and Japanese Cinemas: A Chronological Overview". In Taylor, Kate E. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m2jAlNI14_wC"><i>On East Asian Filmmakers</i></a>. Dekalog 4. Vol. 4. Brighton: Wallflower Press. pp. 13–45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-906660-31-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-906660-31-4"><bdi>978-1-906660-31-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Women%27s+Trajectories+in+Chinese+and+Japanese+Cinemas%3A+A+Chronological+Overview&rft.btitle=On+East+Asian+Filmmakers&rft.place=Brighton&rft.series=Dekalog+4&rft.pages=13-45&rft.pub=Wallflower+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-906660-31-4&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=S.+Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm2jAlNI14_wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWei2017" class="citation journal cs1">Wei, S. Louisa (2017). Gaines, Jane; Vatsal, Radha; Dall'Asta, Monica (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wfpp.columbia.edu/pioneer/helen-wang">"Helen Wang"</a>. <i>Women Film Pioneers Project</i>. Columbia University Libraries. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7916%2Fd8-zc8b-7c47">10.7916/d8-zc8b-7c47</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women+Film+Pioneers+Project&rft.atitle=Helen+Wang&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7916%2Fd8-zc8b-7c47&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=S.+Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwfpp.columbia.edu%2Fpioneer%2Fhelen-wang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWei2018" class="citation journal cs1">Wei, S. Louisa (2018). Gaines, Jane; Vatsal, Radha; Dall’Asta, Monica (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wfpp.columbia.edu/pioneer/helen-wang">"Yang Naimei"</a>. <i>Women Film Pioneers Project</i>. Columbia University Libraries. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7916%2Fd8-zc8b-7c47">10.7916/d8-zc8b-7c47</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Women+Film+Pioneers+Project&rft.atitle=Yang+Naimei&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7916%2Fd8-zc8b-7c47&rft.aulast=Wei&rft.aufirst=S.+Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwfpp.columbia.edu%2Fpioneer%2Fhelen-wang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhang2008" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zhang Wei (張偉) (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJr5QKqWpcEC"><bdi lang="zh">昨夜星光燦爛: 民國影壇的28位巨星</bdi></a> [<i>Stars Shining in the Night: 28 Superstars in the Film Industry of the Republic of China</i>] (in Chinese). Vol. 1. Taipei: Showway Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-986-221-078-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-986-221-078-9"><bdi>978-986-221-078-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%98%A8%E5%A4%9C%E6%98%9F%E5%85%89%E7%87%A6%E7%88%9B%3A+%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%BD%B1%E5%A3%87%E7%9A%8428%E4%BD%8D%E5%B7%A8%E6%98%9F&rft.place=Taipei&rft.pub=Showway+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-986-221-078-9&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Wei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJr5QKqWpcEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARevenge+of+an+Actress" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revenge_of_an_Actress&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0192380/"><i>Revenge of an Actress</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movie.douban.com/subject/20491268/">Revenge of an Actress</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Douban" title="Douban">Douban</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Chinese)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Bu_Wancang" title="Template:Bu Wancang"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bu_Wancang" title="Template talk:Bu Wancang"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bu_Wancang" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bu Wancang"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Films_directed_by_Bu_Wancang" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Films directed by <a href="/wiki/Bu_Wancang" title="Bu Wancang">Bu Wancang</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Revenge of an Actress</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_and_Duty_(1931_film)" title="Love and Duty (1931 film)">Love and Duty</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Spray_of_Plum_Blossoms" title="A Spray of Plum Blossoms">A Spray of Plum Blossoms</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Peach_Girl" title="The Peach Girl">The Peach Girl</a></i> (1931)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Modern_Women" title="Three Modern Women">Three Modern Women</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Light_of_Maternal_Instinct" title="The Light of Maternal Instinct">The Light of Maternal Instinct</a></i> (1933)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diao_Chan_(film)" title="Diao Chan (film)">Diao Chan</a></i> (1938)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mulan_Joins_the_Army_(1939_film)" title="Mulan Joins the Army (1939 film)">Mulan Joins the Army</a></i> (1939)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eternity_(1943_film)" title="Eternity (1943 film)">Eternity</a></i> (1943)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dream_of_the_Red_Chamber_(1944_film)" title="Dream of the Red Chamber (1944 film)">Dream of the Red Chamber</a></i> (1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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