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height: 1.5625em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="ఒక స్వేచ్ఛా విజ్ఞాన సర్వస్వం" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-te.svg" width="119" height="16" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A3" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="వికీపీడియా లో వెతకండి [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>వెతుకు</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="వికీపీడియా‌లో వెతకండి" aria-label="వికీపీడియా‌లో వెతకండి" autocapitalize="sentences" title="వికీపీడియా లో వెతకండి [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ప్రత్యేక:అన్వేషణ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">వెతుకు</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="వ్యక్తిగత పరికరాలు"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_te.wikipedia.org&uselang=te" class=""><span>విరాళాలు</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81&returnto=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="మీరొక ఖాతాను సృష్టించుకొని, లాగినవడాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తాం; అయితే, అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు" class=""><span>ఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82&returnto=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="మిమ్మల్ని లాగినవమని ప్రోత్సహిస్తున్నాం; కానీ అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>లాగినవండి</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="వ్యక్తిగత పరికరాలు" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">వ్యక్తిగత పరికరాలు</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="వాడుకరి మెనూ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_te.wikipedia.org&uselang=te"><span>విరాళాలు</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81&returnto=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="మీరొక ఖాతాను సృష్టించుకొని, లాగినవడాన్ని ప్రోత్సహిస్తాం; అయితే, అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B6%E0%B0%82&returnto=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" title="మిమ్మల్ని లాగినవమని ప్రోత్సహిస్తున్నాం; కానీ అది తప్పనిసరేమీ కాదు. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>లాగినవండి</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81-%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="ఈ IP అడ్రసు నుండి చేసిన దిద్దుబాట్ల జాబితా [y]" accesskey="y"><span>మార్పుచేర్పులు</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%95:%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9A" title="ఈ ఐపీ చిరునామా నుండి చేసిన మార్పుల గురించి చర్చ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ఈ IP కి సంబంధించిన చర్చ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eఈ నోటీసును తొలగించు\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"te\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"wikitable\"\u003E\n\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr style=\"align:center; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #f1ff81; text-align: center;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cbig\u003Eవికీ పాఠకులే వికీ రచయితలు!\n\u003C/big\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\n\u003Ctr style=\"align:center; border: 1px solid #8888aa; background: #fff1ff; text-align: left;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003Eవికీలో వ్యాసాలు రాస్తున్నది ఎక్స్పర్టులూ, సబ్జెక్టు నిపుణులూ కాదు. ఇక్కడ సాధారణ పాఠకులే వ్యాసాలు రాస్తారు. అందరూ కలిసి పరస్పర సహకారంతో, సమన్వయంతో పనిచేస్తూ వ్యాసాలను రాస్తారు. వివిధ వనరుల్లోంచి సమాచారాన్ని సేకరించి, ఆ మూలాలను ఉదహరిస్తూ ఆ సమాచారాన్ని వికీలో చేరుస్తారు. మరింత సమాచారం కోసం \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:పరిచయము\"\u003Eవికీపీడియా:పరిచయము\u003C/a\u003E చూడండి. ఈ పనిలో మీరూ భాగం పంచుకోవచ్చు. వికీలో \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%3F\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:అకౌంటు ఎందుకు సృష్టించుకోవాలి?\"\u003Eఖాతా సృష్టించుకోండి\u003C/a\u003E. మీకు ఆసక్తి ఉన్న విషయం గురించిన సమాచారాన్ని రాసి, వికీ అభివృద్ధిలో మీరూ తోడ్పడండి. ఈ విషయంలో సందేహమేమైనా ఉంటే \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE:%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82\" title=\"వికీపీడియా:సహాయ కేంద్రం\"\u003Eవికీపీడియా సహాయకేంద్రంలో\u003C/a\u003E అడగండి.\n\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="విషయ సూచిక" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">విషయ సూచిక</h2> <button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#పురస్కారాలు,_సన్మానాలు"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>పురస్కారాలు, సన్మానాలు</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-పురస్కారాలు,_సన్మానాలు-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-మూలాలు" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#మూలాలు"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>మూలాలు</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-మూలాలు-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="విషయ సూచిక" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">సైడ్‌బార్‌ లోకి తరలించు</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">దాచు</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">వికీపీడియా నుండి</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="te" dir="ltr"><p>  <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4294015">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style></p><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">ఎమ్.ఆర్.రాజగోపాల్</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82:Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg/220px-Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg/330px-Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg/440px-Dr._M._R_Rajagopal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="457" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">జననం</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1947-09-23</span>) </span>1947 సెప్టెంబరు 23<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (వయసు 77)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ట్రివేండ్రం">ట్రివేండ్రం</a>, కేరళ</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">క్రియాశీల సంవత్సరాలు</th><td class="infobox-data">1994–ఇప్పటిదాకా</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">సుపరిచితుడు/<br />సుపరిచితురాలు</th><td class="infobox-data">భారతదేశంలో నొప్పి చికిత్సకు ఆద్యుడు</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4294015"><b>Medical career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data role">ఫిజీషియన్</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Field</th><td class="infobox-data category">పాలియేటివ్ మెడిసిన్</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data org"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3779865">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>ట్రివేండ్రం మెడికల్ కాలేజీ</li> <li>కాలికట్ మెడికల్ కాలేజీ</li> <li>పెయిన్ అండ్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ సొసైటీ, కాలికట్</li> <li>ట్రివేండ్రం ఇన్‌స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పాలియేటివ్ సైన్సెస్</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="పద్మశ్రీ పురస్కారం">పద్మశ్రీ</a> (2018)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>ఎం.ఆర్.రాజగోపాల్</b> (జననం 1947 సెప్టెంబరు 23) భారతీయ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ (రోగులలో నొప్పి తగ్గించే, నివారించే వైద్యం) ఫిజిషియన్ (అనస్థీషియాలజిస్ట్). భారతదేశంలో పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ రంగంలో చేసిన గణనీయమైన కృషికి గాను అతన్ని 'ఫాదర్ ఆఫ్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ ఇన్ ఇండియా'<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> అని అంటారు.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2003 లో కేరళలో స్థాపించిన పాలియమ్ ఇండియా, పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ అనే ప్రభుత్వేతర సంస్థకు రాజగోపాల్ వ్యవస్థాపక చైర్మన్.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>భారత ప్రభుత్వ ఆరోగ్య మంత్రిత్వ శాఖ ద్వారా నేషనల్ ప్రోగ్రామ్ ఫర్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ (NPPC)ని రూపొందించడంలో రాజగోపాల్ ప్రధాన కార్యకర్త. </p><p>అతని సలహాలు, ప్రోద్బలం కారణంగా 2014 లో నార్కోటిక్ డ్రగ్స్ అండ్ సైకోట్రోపిక్ సబ్‌స్టాన్సెస్ (NDPS) యాక్ట్ ఆఫ్ ఇండియాను సవరించారు. అనవసరమైన బాధలను తగ్గించడంలో లక్షలాది మంది నొప్పి నివారణకు అనుమతించడంలో ఇది కీలకమైన దశ. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>రాజగోపాల్ జీవితం ఆధారంగా 'హిప్పోక్రాటిక్: 18 ఎక్స్‌పెరిమెంట్స్ ఇన్ జెంట్లీ షేకింగ్ ది వరల్డ్' <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> అనే డాక్యుమెంటరీ చిత్రాన్ని 2017 అక్టోబరు 14 న వరల్డ్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ డే రోజున ఆస్ట్రేలియాలోని మూన్‌షైన్ ఏజెన్సీ విడుదల చేసింది <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2018లో, భారత ప్రభుత్వం రాజగోపాల్‌ను <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="పద్మశ్రీ పురస్కారం">పద్మశ్రీ</a> అవార్డుతో సత్కరించింది, ఇది భారతదేశంలో విశిష్ట సేవ కోసం స్థాపించబడిన "అత్యున్నత పౌర పురస్కారాలలో ఒకటి" <sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . <sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-:2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2018, 2023 లలో నోబెల్ శాంతి బహుమతికి నామినేట్ అయ్యాడు. <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2022 లో రాజగోపాల్ 'వాక్ విత్ ది వియరీ' <sup id="cite_ref-:3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> అనే తన జ్ఞాపకాలను ప్రచురించాడు. అనేక లాన్సెట్ కమిషన్ నివేదికలకు అతను సహ రచయితగా ఉన్నాడు. 2022 లో ప్రచురితమైన 'మరణ విలువ' నివేదిక రచయితలలో ఆయన ఒకడు. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="నిర్వహించిన_పదవులు"><span id=".E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.B0.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.B5.E0.B0.B9.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.82.E0.B0.9A.E0.B0.BF.E0.B0.A8_.E0.B0.AA.E0.B0.A6.E0.B0.B5.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>నిర్వహించిన పదవులు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: నిర్వహించిన పదవులు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>రాజగోపాల్ క్రింది పదవుల్లో పనిచేసాడు: </p> <ul><li>పాలియం ఇండియా ఛైర్మన్ <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>డైరెక్టర్, WHO కోలాబరేటింగ్ సెంటర్ ఫర్ పాలసీ అండ్ ట్రైనింగ్ ఆన్ యాక్సెస్ టు పెయిన్ రిలీఫ్ (త్రివేండ్రం ఇన్‌స్టిట్యూట్ ఆఫ్ పాలియేటివ్ సైన్సెస్) <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>సభ్యుడు, ఎలిసబెత్ కుబ్లర్-రాస్ ఫౌండేషన్ బోర్డ్ <sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>రాజగోపాల్ అనేక అంతర్జాతీయ పత్రికల సంపాదకీయ బోర్డులో ఉన్నాడు. రెండు పాఠ్యపుస్తకాలు, అనేక పుస్తక అధ్యాయాలు (ఆక్స్‌ఫర్డ్ టెక్స్ట్‌బుక్ ఆఫ్ పాలియేటివ్ మెడిసిన్‌తో సహా), శాస్త్రీయ పత్రికలలో 30 కంటే ఎక్కువ ప్రచురణలనూ రచించాడు. </p><p>శాస్త్రీయ పత్రికలతో ప్రమేయం: </p> <ul><li>మెంబర్, ఎడిటోరియల్ బోర్డ్, ఇండియన్ జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ . <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>సభ్యుడు, ఎడిటోరియల్ బోర్డ్, జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ పెయిన్ అండ్ సింప్టమ్ మేనేజ్‌మెంట్. <sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>సభ్యుడు, ఎడిటోరియల్ బోర్డ్, జర్నల్ ఆఫ్ పెయిన్ అండ్ పాలియేటివ్ కేర్ ఫార్మాకోథెరపీ.</li> <li>సభ్యుడు, ఎడిటోరియల్ బోర్డ్, పాలియేటివ్ కేర్: రీసెర్చ్ అండ్ ట్రీట్‌మెంట్. <sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>సభ్యుడు, ఎడిటోరియల్ బోర్డ్, నొప్పి: క్లినికల్ అప్‌డేట్‌లు; ఇంటర్నేషనల్ అసోసియేషన్ ఫర్ స్టడీ ఆఫ్ పెయిన్. <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="పురస్కారాలు,_సన్మానాలు"><span id=".E0.B0.AA.E0.B1.81.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.B8.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.95.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B0.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81.2C_.E0.B0.B8.E0.B0.A8.E0.B1.8D.E0.B0.AE.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.A8.E0.B0.BE.E0.B0.B2.E0.B1.81"></span>పురస్కారాలు, సన్మానాలు</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="విభాగాన్ని మార్చు: పురస్కారాలు, సన్మానాలు"><span>మార్చు</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2018లో భారత ప్రభుత్వ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="పద్మశ్రీ పురస్కారం">పద్మశ్రీ</a> అవార్డు <sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>అమెరికన్ అకాడమీ ఆఫ్ హాస్పైస్ అండ్ పాలియేటివ్ మెడిసిన్ ద్వారా హాస్పైస్ అండ్ పాలియేటివ్ మెడిసిన్ విజనరీ <sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TNG+Award&rft.pub=Asianet+News+TV&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asianetnews.tv%2Fnews%2Ffirst-tng-award-goes-to-m-r-rajagopal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-35">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/dr-mr-rajagopal-wins-tng-award/articleshow/56789557.cms">"Dr MR Rajagopal wins TNG award"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 26 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard&rft.atitle=TNG+award+for+palliative+care+physician+Dr+M+R+Rajagopal&rft.date=2017-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.business-standard.com%2Farticle%2Fpti-stories%2Ftng-award-for-palliative-care-physician-dr-m-r-rajagopal-117012500508_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161104052831/http://www.ehospice.com/Default/tabid/10686/ArticleId/18508">"Pallium India receives award for excellence and leadership in palliative care"</a>. ehospice. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ehospice.com/Default/tabid/10686/ArticleId/18508">the original</a> on 4 నవంబరు 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pallium+India+receives+award+for+excellence+and+leadership+in+palliative+care&rft.pub=ehospice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ehospice.com%2FDefault%2Ftabid%2F10686%2FArticleId%2F18508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-38">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150607075932/http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/People-Doctors-Awards-Declared/2015/05/15/article2814736.ece">"People Doctors Awards Declared"</a>. The New Indian Express. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/kerala/People-Doctors-Awards-Declared/2015/05/15/article2814736.ece">the original</a> on 7 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=IASP%27s+award+for+Excellence+in+Pain+Research+and+Management&rft.date=2010-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindu.com%2F2010%2F09%2F20%2Fstories%2F2010092050380200.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fte.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%82.%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D.%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-42">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4342780"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210515123319/https://www.iasp-pain.org/Advocacy/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=2046&navItemNumber=890">"IASP award for Excellence in Pain Management and Research in Developing Countries"</a>. 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Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2008/10/20/idUS148909+20-Oct-2008+PRN20081020">the original</a> on 8 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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