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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-medical-condition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Urethral syndrome</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urology" title="Urology">Urology</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7900433?uselang=en#P1995" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Urethral syndrome</b> is defined as symptoms suggestive of a lower <a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection" title="Urinary tract infection">urinary tract infection</a> but in the absence of significant <a href="/wiki/Bacteriuria" title="Bacteriuria">bacteriuria</a> with a conventional <a href="/wiki/Pathogen" title="Pathogen">pathogen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid7928838_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7928838-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Diagnosis_of_exclusion" title="Diagnosis of exclusion">diagnosis of exclusion</a> in patients with <a href="/wiki/Dysuria" title="Dysuria">dysuria</a> and frequency <i>without</i> demonstrable <a href="/wiki/Infection" title="Infection">infection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In women, <a href="/wiki/Vaginitis" title="Vaginitis">vaginitis</a> should also be ruled out.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Signs indicative of urethral syndrome include a history of chronic recurrent <a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infections" class="mw-redirect" title="Urinary tract infections">urinary tract infections</a> (UTI) in the absence of both conventional bacterial growth and <a href="/wiki/Pyuria" title="Pyuria">pyuria</a> (more than 5 <a href="/wiki/White_blood_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="White blood cells">white blood cells</a> per <a href="/wiki/High_Power_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="High Power Field">high power field</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Episodes are often related to <a href="/wiki/Sexual_intercourse" title="Sexual intercourse">sexual intercourse</a>. </p><p>Some physicians believe that urethral syndrome may be due to a low grade infection of the <a href="/wiki/Skene%27s_gland" title="Skene's gland">Skene's glands</a> on the sides and bottom of the <a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">urethra</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Skene's glands are embryologically related to the <a href="/wiki/Prostate" title="Prostate">prostate</a> gland in the male, thus urethral syndrome may share a comparable cause with chronic <a href="/wiki/Prostatitis" title="Prostatitis">prostatitis</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Possible non-infective causes include hormonal imbalance,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> trauma, <a href="/wiki/Allergy" title="Allergy">allergies</a>, anatomical features such as <a href="/wiki/Diverticula" class="mw-redirect" title="Diverticula">diverticula</a>, and post-surgical scarring and adhesions.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid7928838_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7928838-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treatment">Treatment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Treatment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a small minority of cases of the urethral syndrome, treatment with antibiotics is effective, which indicates that in some cases it may be caused by a bacterial infection which does not show up in either <a href="/wiki/Urinalysis" title="Urinalysis">urinalysis</a> or urine <a href="/wiki/Microbiological_culture" title="Microbiological culture">culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For chronic urethral syndrome, a long term, low-dose antibiotic treatment is given on a continuous basis or after intercourse each time if intercourse appears to trigger symptoms.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As low <a href="/wiki/Estrogen" title="Estrogen">oestrogen</a><sup id="cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> may also be considered a source for urethral syndrome, <a href="/wiki/Hormone_replacement_therapy" title="Hormone replacement therapy">hormone replacement therapy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oral_contraceptive_pill" title="Oral contraceptive pill">oral contraceptive pill</a> (birth-control pills) containing oestrogen are also used to treat the symptoms of this condition in women.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_cystitis" title="Interstitial cystitis">Interstitial cystitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostatitis" title="Prostatitis">Prostatitis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHamilton-Miller_JM1994" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hamilton-Miller JM (May 1994). "The urethral syndrome and its management". <i>J. Antimicrob. Chemother</i>. 33. Suppl A: 63–73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjac%2F33.suppl_A.63">10.1093/jac/33.suppl_A.63</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7928838">7928838</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Antimicrob.+Chemother.&rft.atitle=The+urethral+syndrome+and+its+management&rft.volume=Suppl+A&rft.pages=63-73&rft.date=1994-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjac%2F33.suppl_A.63&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F7928838&rft.au=Hamilton-Miller+JM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrethral+syndrome" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinsonRaineWilesGoodhart2017" class="citation book cs1">Wilkinson, Ian B.; Raine, Tim; Wiles, Kate; Goodhart, Anna; Hall, Catriona; O'Neill, Harriet (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/book/37194/chapter-abstract/326357439">"7. Renal medicine"</a>. <i>Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine</i>. Oxford Medical Handbooks (10th ed.). Oxford Academic. pp. 292–321, See p. 296. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmed%2F9780199689903.003.0007">10.1093/med/9780199689903.003.0007</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-968990-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-968990-3"><bdi>978-0-19-968990-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=7.+Renal+medicine&rft.btitle=Oxford+Handbook+of+Clinical+Medicine&rft.series=Oxford+Medical+Handbooks&rft.pages=292-321%2C+See+p.+296&rft.edition=10th&rft.pub=Oxford+Academic&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmed%2F9780199689903.003.0007&rft.isbn=978-0-19-968990-3&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Ian+B.&rft.au=Raine%2C+Tim&rft.au=Wiles%2C+Kate&rft.au=Goodhart%2C+Anna&rft.au=Hall%2C+Catriona&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+Harriet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fbook%2F37194%2Fchapter-abstract%2F326357439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrethral+syndrome" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid1859947-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pmid1859947_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrumfittHamilton-MillerGillespie1991" class="citation journal cs1">Brumfitt W, Hamilton-Miller JM, Gillespie WA (July 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1670265">"The mysterious "urethral syndrome"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BMJ</i>. <b>303</b> (6793): 1–2. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.303.6793.1">10.1136/bmj.303.6793.1</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1670265">1670265</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1859947">1859947</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ&rft.atitle=The+mysterious+%22urethral+syndrome%22&rft.volume=303&rft.issue=6793&rft.pages=1-2&rft.date=1991-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1670265%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1859947&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.303.6793.1&rft.aulast=Brumfitt&rft.aufirst=W&rft.au=Hamilton-Miller%2C+JM&rft.au=Gillespie%2C+WA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1670265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrethral+syndrome" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTerris,_Martha_K" class="citation web cs1">Terris, Martha K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emedicine.com/MED/topic3081.htm">"Urethral Syndrome"</a>. <i>eMedicine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eMedicine&rft.atitle=Urethral+Syndrome&rft.au=Terris%2C+Martha+K&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emedicine.com%2FMED%2Ftopic3081.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUrethral+syndrome" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7900433" class="extiw" title="d:Q7900433">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/N34.3">N34.3</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=597.81">597.81</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">External resources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://emedicine.medscape.com/med/3081-overview">med/3081</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Patient_UK" title="Patient UK">Patient UK</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patient.info/doctor/Urethral-syndrome">Urethral syndrome</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patient.info/doctor/urethral-syndrome">patient.info</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Diseases_of_the_urinary_tract" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Urinary_tract_disease" title="Template:Urinary tract disease"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Urinary_tract_disease" title="Template talk:Urinary tract disease"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Urinary_tract_disease" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Urinary tract disease"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diseases_of_the_urinary_tract" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diseases of the <a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Urinary tract">urinary tract</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ureter" title="Ureter">Ureter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ureteritis" title="Ureteritis">Ureteritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ureterocele" title="Ureterocele">Ureterocele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaureter" title="Megaureter">Megaureter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ureteric_stricture" title="Ureteric stricture">Ureteric stricture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urinary_bladder_disease" title="Urinary bladder disease">Bladder</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection" title="Urinary tract infection">Cystitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interstitial_cystitis" title="Interstitial cystitis">Interstitial cystitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunner%27s_ulcer" title="Hunner's ulcer">Hunner's ulcer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trigonitis" title="Trigonitis">Trigonitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemorrhagic_cystitis" title="Hemorrhagic cystitis">Hemorrhagic cystitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurogenic_bladder_dysfunction" title="Neurogenic bladder dysfunction">Neurogenic bladder dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladder_sphincter_dyssynergia" title="Bladder sphincter dyssynergia">Bladder sphincter dyssynergia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesicointestinal_fistula" title="Vesicointestinal fistula">Vesicointestinal fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesicoureteral_reflux" title="Vesicoureteral reflux">Vesicoureteral reflux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Urethra" title="Urethra">Urethra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urethritis" title="Urethritis">Urethritis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-gonococcal_urethritis" title="Non-gonococcal urethritis">Non-gonococcal urethritis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Urethral syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_stricture" title="Urethral stricture">Urethral stricture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meatal_stenosis" title="Meatal stenosis">Meatal stenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urethral_caruncle" title="Urethral caruncle">Urethral caruncle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Any/all</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urologic_chronic_pelvic_pain_syndrome" title="Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome">Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstructive_uropathy" title="Obstructive uropathy">Obstructive uropathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_tract_infection" title="Urinary tract infection">Urinary tract infection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroperitoneal_fibrosis" title="Retroperitoneal fibrosis">Retroperitoneal fibrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urolithiasis" class="mw-redirect" title="Urolithiasis">Urolithiasis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bladder_stone" title="Bladder stone">Bladder stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidney_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Kidney stone">Kidney stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renal_colic" title="Renal colic">Renal colic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakoplakia" title="Malakoplakia">Malakoplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinary_incontinence" title="Urinary incontinence">Urinary incontinence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stress_incontinence" title="Stress incontinence">Stress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overactive_bladder" title="Overactive bladder">Urge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overflow_incontinence" title="Overflow incontinence">Overflow</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&oldid=1227719481">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Urethral_syndrome&oldid=1227719481</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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