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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mythological_Midas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythological_Midas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mythological Midas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mythological_Midas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mythological Midas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mythological_Midas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Golden_Touch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Golden_Touch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Golden Touch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Golden_Touch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ears_of_a_donkey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ears_of_a_donkey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ears of a donkey</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ears_of_a_donkey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Similar_myths_in_other_cultures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_myths_in_other_cultures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Similar myths in other cultures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_myths_in_other_cultures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Midas_(8th_century_BC)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Midas_(8th_century_BC)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Midas (8th century BC)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Midas_(8th_century_BC)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Midas (8th century BC) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Midas_(8th_century_BC)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Possible_tomb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Possible_tomb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Possible tomb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Possible_tomb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Midas_(6th_century_BC)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Midas_(6th_century_BC)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Midas (6th century BC)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Midas_(6th_century_BC)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Midas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ميداس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميداس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="মিডাস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মিডাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мідас – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мідас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мідас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мідас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мидас – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мидас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mides_I" title="Mides I – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mides I" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Μίδας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μίδας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midaso" title="Midaso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Midaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="میداس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میداس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8" title="મિડાસ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મિડાસ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%8B%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="미다스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미다스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Միդաս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միդաս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mida" title="Mida – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%90%D7%A1" title="מידאס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מידאס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мидас – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мидас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AEdas" title="Mîdas – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mîdas" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mid%C3%A1sz" title="Midász – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Midász" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Мида – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мида" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="राजा मिडास – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राजा मिडास" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="ميداس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميداس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas_(mythologie)" title="Midas (mythologie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Midas (mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%80%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="ミダース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミダース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мидас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мидас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Мида – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мида" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="மிதாசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மிதாசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA" title="พระเจ้าไมดาส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าไมดาส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Мідас – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мідас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="میداس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="میداس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midas" title="Midas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Midas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%81%E9%81%94%E6%96%AF" title="邁達斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="邁達斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Midas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Midas (disambiguation)">Midas (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mythological Greek king able to turn what he touches to gold</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"King Midas" and "Midas Touch" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/King_Midas_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="King Midas (disambiguation)">King Midas (disambiguation)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Midas_Touch_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Midas Touch (disambiguation)">Midas Touch (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Midas_gold2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Midas_gold2.jpg/220px-Midas_gold2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Midas_gold2.jpg/330px-Midas_gold2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Midas_gold2.jpg/440px-Midas_gold2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="1665" /></a><figcaption>In the <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> version of the Midas myth, Midas' daughter turns to a golden statue when he touches her (illustration by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Crane" title="Walter Crane">Walter Crane</a> for the 1893 edition)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Midas</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248666159">.mw-parser-output .tfd-dated{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .tfd-default{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);clear:both;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tfd-tiny{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .tfd-inline{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;position:relative}@media(min-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .tfd-sidebar{clear:right;float:right;width:22em}}</style><span class="tfd tfd-dated tfd-tiny"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Templates_for_discussion/Log/2024_November_12#Template:Lang-grc-gre" title="Wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2024 November 12">‹See Tfd›</a></span><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Μίδας</span></span>) was a king of <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygia</a> with whom many myths became associated, as well as two later members of the Phrygian royal house. </p><p>His father was <a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a>, and his mother was <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>. The most famous <b>King Midas</b> is popularly remembered in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a> for his ability to turn everything he touched into pure <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a> and this came to be called the <i>golden touch</i>, or the <i>Midas touch</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legends told about this Midas and his adopted father <a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a>, credited with founding the Phrygian capital city <a href="/wiki/Gordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordium">Gordium</a> and tying the <a href="/wiki/Gordian_Knot" title="Gordian Knot">Gordian Knot</a>, indicate that they were believed to have lived sometime in the 2nd millennium BC, well before the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>. However, <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> does not mention Midas or <a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a>, while instead mentioning two other Phrygian kings, <a href="/wiki/Mygdon_of_Phrygia" title="Mygdon of Phrygia">Mygdon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otreus" title="Otreus">Otreus</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Midaeum" class="mw-redirect" title="Midaeum">Midaeum</a> was presumably named after him,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this is probably also the Midas that according to <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> founded Ancyra (today known as <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another King Midas ruled Phrygia in the late 8th century BC. Most historians believe this Midas is the same person as the <i>Mita</i>, called king of the <a href="/wiki/Mushki" title="Mushki">Mushki</a> in Assyrian texts, who warred with <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Anatolians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Anatolians">Anatolian</a> provinces during the same period.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A third Midas is said by <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> to have been a member of the royal house of Phrygia in the 6th century BC. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythological_Midas">Mythological Midas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mythological Midas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg/220px-MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg/330px-MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg/440px-MidasSehri.Tomb.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2023" data-file-height="1398" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Midas_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Midas Monument">Midas Monument</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygian</a> rock-cut tomb dedicated to Midas (700 BC).</figcaption></figure> <p>There are many, and often contradictory, legends about the most ancient King Midas. In one, Midas was king of <a href="/wiki/Pessinus" title="Pessinus">Pessinus</a>, a city of <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygia</a>, who as a child was adopted by King <a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">goddess</a> whose consort he was, and who (by some accounts) was the goddess-mother of Midas himself.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some accounts place the youth of Midas in <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedonian</a> Bermion (see <a href="/wiki/Bryges" title="Bryges">Bryges</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Thrace" title="Thrace">Thracian</a> <a href="/wiki/Mygdonia_(Europe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mygdonia (Europe)">Mygdonia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> referred to a wild rose garden at the foot of <a href="/wiki/Vermio_Mountains" title="Vermio Mountains">Mount Bermion</a> as "the garden of Midas son of Gordias, where roses grow of themselves, each bearing sixty blossoms and of surpassing fragrance".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herodotus says elsewhere that Phrygians lived in ancient Europe, where they were known as <a href="/wiki/Bryges" title="Bryges">Bryges</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the existence of the garden implies that Herodotus believed that Midas lived prior to a Phrygian migration to Anatolia. </p><p>According to some accounts, Midas had a son, <a href="/wiki/Lityerses" title="Lityerses">Lityerses</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the demonic reaper of men, but in some variations of the myth he instead had a daughter, Zoë, whose name means "life". <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> According to other accounts he had a son named <a href="/wiki/Anchurus" title="Anchurus">Anchurus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Arrian" title="Arrian">Arrian</a> gives an alternative story of the descent and life of Midas. According to him, Midas was the son of Gordios, a poor peasant, and a <a href="/wiki/Telmissus" class="mw-redirect" title="Telmissus">Telmissian</a> maiden of the prophetic race. When Midas grew up to be a handsome and valiant man, the Phrygians were harassed by civil discord, and consulting the oracle, they were told that a wagon would bring them a king, who would put an end to their discord. While they were still deliberating, Midas arrived with his father and mother, and stopped near the assembly, wagon and all. They, comparing the oracular response with this occurrence, decided that this was the person whom the god told them the wagon would bring. They therefore appointed Midas king and he, putting an end to their discord, dedicated his father’s wagon in the citadel as a thank-offering to Zeus the king. In addition to this the following saying was current concerning the wagon, that whosoever could loosen the cord of the yoke of this wagon, was destined to gain the rule of Asia. This someone was to be <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In other versions of the legend, it was Midas' father <a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a> who arrived humbly in the cart and made the <a href="/wiki/Gordian_Knot" title="Gordian Knot">Gordian Knot</a>. </p><p>Herodotus said that a "Midas son of Gordias" made an offering to the <a href="/wiki/Oracle_of_Delphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle of Delphi">Oracle of Delphi</a> of a royal throne "from which he made judgments" that were "well worth seeing", and that this Midas was the only foreigner to make an offering to Delphi before <a href="/wiki/Gyges_of_Lydia" title="Gyges of Lydia">Gyges of Lydia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The historical Midas of the 8th century BC and <a href="/wiki/Gyges_of_Lydia" title="Gyges of Lydia">Gyges of Lydia</a> are believed to have been contemporaries, so it seems most likely that Herodotus believed that the throne was donated by the earlier, legendary King Midas. However, some historians believe that this throne was donated by the later, historical King Midas, great grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Alyattes_of_Lydia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alyattes of Lydia">Alyattes of Lydia</a> who was also referred to as Midas after amassing huge wealth from inventing taxable coinage using <a href="/wiki/Electrum" title="Electrum">electrum</a> sourced from Midas' famed river <a href="/wiki/Pactolus" title="Pactolus">Pactolus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Golden_Touch">Golden Touch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Golden Touch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One day, as <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> relates in <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_(poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metamorphoses (poem)">Metamorphoses</a></i> XI,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> found that his old schoolmaster and foster father, the <a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">satyr</a> <a href="/wiki/Silenus" title="Silenus">Silenus</a>, was missing.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old satyr had been drinking wine and wandered away drunk, to be found by some Phrygian <a href="/wiki/Peasant" title="Peasant">peasants</a> who carried him to their king, Midas (alternatively, Silenus passed out in Midas' rose garden). Midas recognized him and treated him hospitably, entertaining him for ten days and nights with politeness, while Silenus delighted Midas and his friends with stories and songs.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the eleventh day, he took Silenus back to Dionysus in <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydia</a>. Dionysus offered Midas his choice of whatever reward he wished for. Midas asked that whatever he might touch should be changed into <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>. </p><p>Midas rejoiced in his new power, which he hastened to put to the test. He touched an oak twig and a stone; both turned to gold. Overjoyed, as soon as he got home, he touched every rose in the rose garden, and all became gold. He ordered the servants to set a feast on the table. Upon discovering how even the food and drink turned into gold in his hands, he regretted his wish and cursed it. <a href="/wiki/Claudian" title="Claudian">Claudian</a> states in his <i>In Rufinum</i>: "So Midas, king of Lydia, swelled at first with pride when he found he could transform everything he touched to gold; but when he beheld his food grow rigid and his drink harden into golden ice then he understood that this gift was a bane and in his loathing for gold, cursed his prayer."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a version told by <a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Hawthorne" title="Nathaniel Hawthorne">Nathaniel Hawthorne</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/A_Wonder-Book_for_Girls_and_Boys" title="A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys">A Wonder-Book for Girls and Boys</a></i> (1852), Midas' daughter came to him, upset about the roses that had lost their fragrance and become hard, and when he reached out to comfort her, found that when he touched his daughter, she turned to gold as well. Now, Midas hated the gift he had coveted. He prayed to Dionysus, begging to be delivered from starvation. Dionysus heard his prayer, and consented; telling Midas to wash in the river <a href="/wiki/Pactolus" title="Pactolus">Pactolus</a>. Then, whatever he put into the water would be reversed of the touch. </p><p>Midas did so, and when he touched the waters, the power flowed into the river, and the river sands turned into gold. This explained why the <a href="/wiki/Pactolus" title="Pactolus">river Pactolus</a> was so rich in gold and <a href="/wiki/Electrum" title="Electrum">electrum</a>, and the wealth of the dynasty of <a href="/wiki/Alyattes_of_Lydia" class="mw-redirect" title="Alyattes of Lydia">Alyattes of Lydia</a> claiming Midas as its forefather no doubt the impetus for this <a href="/wiki/Origin_myth" title="Origin myth">origin myth</a>. Gold was perhaps not the only metallic source of Midas' riches: "King Midas, a Phrygian, son of <a href="/wiki/Cybele" title="Cybele">Cybele</a>, first discovered black and white lead".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, according to <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, legend held that Midas eventually died of starvation as a result of his "vain prayer" for the gold touch, the curse never being lifted.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ears_of_a_donkey">Ears of a donkey</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ears of a donkey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Midas, now hating wealth and splendor, moved to the country and became a worshipper of <a href="/wiki/Pan_(god)" title="Pan (god)">Pan</a>, the god of the fields and satyrs.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roman mythographers<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> asserted that his tutor in music was <a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey-1428_(2216632594).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg/170px-Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg/255px-Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg/340px-Turkey-1428_%282216632594%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The "Tomb of Midas" in <a href="/wiki/Gordion" title="Gordion">Gordion</a>, dated 740 BC.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gordion69.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gordion69.JPG/220px-Gordion69.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gordion69.JPG/330px-Gordion69.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Gordion69.JPG/440px-Gordion69.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Inside the "Tomb of Midas" in <a href="/wiki/Gordion" title="Gordion">Gordion</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Once, Pan had the audacity to compare his music with that of <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, and challenged Apollo to a trial of skill (also see <a href="/wiki/Marsyas" title="Marsyas">Marsyas</a>). <a href="/wiki/Tmolus_(son_of_Ares)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tmolus (son of Ares)">Tmolus</a>, the mountain-god, was chosen as <a href="/wiki/Umpire" title="Umpire">umpire</a>. Pan blew on his pipes and, with his rustic melody, gave great satisfaction to himself and his faithful follower, Midas, who happened to be present. Then Apollo struck the strings of his lyre. Tmolus at once awarded the victory to Apollo, and all but one agreed with the judgment. Midas dissented, and questioned the justice of the award. Apollo would not suffer such a depraved pair of ears any longer, and said "Must have ears of an ass!", which caused Midas's ears to become those of a <a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">donkey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The myth is illustrated by two paintings, <i>"Apollo and Marsyas"</i> by <a href="/wiki/Palma_il_Giovane" title="Palma il Giovane">Palma il Giovane</a> (1544–1628), one depicting the scene before, and one after, the punishment. Midas was mortified at this mishap. He attempted to hide his misfortune under an ample <a href="/wiki/Turban" title="Turban">turban</a> or headdress, but his <a href="/wiki/Barber" title="Barber">barber</a> of course knew the secret, so was told not to mention it. However, the barber could not keep the secret. He went out into a meadow, dug a hole in the ground, whispered the story into it, then covered the hole up. A thick bed of reeds later sprang up from the covered up hole, and began whispering the story, saying "King Midas has an ass's ears".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some sources, such as <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, say that Midas committed suicide by drinking <a href="/wiki/Realgar" title="Realgar">bull's blood</a>, a powdered crystal substance which was used in the ancient world as pigment for red paint, but very toxic due to its high level of arsenic. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg/220px-Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg/330px-Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg/440px-Abraham_Janssens_-_The_judgement_of_Midas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3006" /></a><figcaption><i>The Judgement of Midas</i> by <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Janssens" title="Abraham Janssens">Abraham Janssens</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Sarah Morris demonstrated (Morris, 2004) that donkeys' ears were a Bronze Age royal attribute, borne by King <a href="/wiki/Tarkasnawa" title="Tarkasnawa">Tarkasnawa</a> (Greek Tarkondemos) of <a href="/wiki/Arzawa" title="Arzawa">Mira</a>, on a seal inscribed in both <a href="/wiki/Hittite_language" title="Hittite language">Hittite</a> cuneiform and <a href="/wiki/Luwian" class="mw-redirect" title="Luwian">Luwian</a> hieroglyphs. In this connection, the myth would appear for Greeks to justify the exotic attribute. </p><p>The stories of the contests with Apollo of Pan and Marsyas were very often confused, so <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Flaying_of_Marsyas_(Titian)" title="Flaying of Marsyas (Titian)">Flaying of Marsyas</a></i> includes a figure of Midas (who may be a self-portrait), though his ears seem normal.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Similar_myths_in_other_cultures">Similar myths in other cultures</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Similar myths in other cultures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In pre-Islamic legend of Central Asia, the king of the Ossounes of the <a href="/wiki/Yenisei" class="mw-redirect" title="Yenisei">Yenisei</a> basin had <a href="/wiki/Donkey%27s_ears" class="mw-redirect" title="Donkey's ears">donkey's ears</a>. He would hide them, and order each of his barbers murdered to hide his secret. The last barber among his people was counselled to whisper the heavy secret into a well after sundown, but he didn't cover the well afterwards. The well water rose and flooded the kingdom, creating the waters of <a href="/wiki/Lake_Issyk-Kul" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Issyk-Kul">Lake Issyk-Kul</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to an Irish legend, the king <a href="/wiki/Labraid_Loingsech" class="mw-redirect" title="Labraid Loingsech">Labraid Loingsech</a> had horse/donkeys's ears, something he was concerned to keep quiet. He had his hair cut once a year, and the barber, who was chosen by lot, was immediately put to death. A widow, hearing that her only son had been chosen to cut the king's hair, begged the king not to kill him, and he agreed, so long as the barber kept his secret. The burden of the secret was so heavy that the barber fell ill. A <a href="/wiki/Druid" title="Druid">druid</a> advised him to go to a crossroads and tell his secret to the first tree he came to, and he would be relieved of his burden and be well again. He told the secret to a large <a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">willow</a>. Soon after this, however, a harper named Craiftine broke his instrument, and made a new one out of the very willow the barber had told his secret to. Whenever he played it, the harp sang "Labraid Lorc has horse's ears". Labraid repented of all the barbers he had put to death and admitted his secret.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Ireland, at Loch Ine, West Cork, there is a similar story told of the inhabitant of its island, who had ass's ears. Anyone engaged to cut this King's hair was then put to death. But the reeds (in the form of a musical flute) spoke of them and the secret was out. </p><p>The myth is also known in <a href="/wiki/Brittany" title="Brittany">Brittany</a> where the king <a href="/wiki/Mark_of_Cornwall" title="Mark of Cornwall">Mark of Cornwall</a> is believed to have ruled the south-western region of Cornouaille. Chasing a white doe, he loses his best horse <i>Morvarc'h</i> (<i>Seahorse</i>) when the doe kills it with an arrow thrown by Mark. Trying to kill the doe, he is cursed by <a href="/wiki/Dahut" title="Dahut">Dahut</a>, a magician who lives under the sea. She gives life to Morvarc'h back but switches his ears and mane with Mark's ears and hair. Worried that the word might get out, Mark hides in his castle and kills every barber that comes to cut his hair until his milk brother Yeun is the last barber alive in Cornouaille. He promises to let him live if Yeun keeps the secret and Yeun cuts his hairs with a magical pair of scissors. The secret is too heavy for Yeun though and he goes to a beach to dig a hole and tell his secret in it. When he leaves, three reeds appear. Years later, when Mark's sister marries, the musicians are unable to play for the reeds of their bagpipes and bombards have been stolen by <a href="/wiki/Korrigan" title="Korrigan">korrigans</a>. They find three reeds on the beach and use them to make new ones, but the music instruments, instead of playing music, only sing "The King Mark has the ears and the mane of his horse Morvarc'h on his head" and Mark departs never to be seen again.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Midas_(8th_century_BC)"><span id="Midas_.288th_century_BC.29"></span>Midas (8th century BC)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Midas (8th century BC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another King Midas ruled Phrygia in the late 8th century BC, up until the <a href="/wiki/Cimmerian_invasion_of_Phrygia" title="Cimmerian invasion of Phrygia">sacking of Gordium</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Cimmerians" title="Cimmerians">Cimmerians</a>, when he is said to have committed suicide. Most historians believe this Midas is the same person as the <i>Mita</i>, called king of the <a href="/wiki/Mushki" title="Mushki">Mushki</a> in Assyrian texts, who warred with <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Anatolians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Anatolians">Anatolian</a> provinces during the same period.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The King Midas who ruled Phrygia in the late 8th century BC is known from Greek and Assyrian sources. According to the former, he married a Greek princess, <a href="/wiki/Hermodike_II_(Demodike_II,_Hermodice_II,_Damodice_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermodike II (Demodike II, Hermodice II, Damodice II)">Damodice</a>, daughter of Agamemnon of <a href="/wiki/Cyme_(Aeolis)" title="Cyme (Aeolis)">Cyme</a>, and traded extensively with the Greeks. Damodice is credited with inventing coined money by <a href="/wiki/Julius_Pollux" title="Julius Pollux">Julius Pollux</a> after she married Midas.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some historians believe this Midas donated the throne that <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> says was offered to the <a href="/wiki/Oracle_of_Delphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle of Delphi">Oracle of Delphi</a> by "Midas son of Gordias" (see above). Assyrian tablets from the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a> record attacks by a "Mita", king of the <a href="/wiki/Mushki" title="Mushki">Mushki</a>, against Assyria's eastern Anatolian provinces. Some historians believe Assyrian texts called this Midas king of the "Mushki" because he had subjected the eastern Anatolian people of that name and incorporated them into his army. Greek sources including <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> say that Midas committed suicide by drinking <a href="/wiki/Bull%27s_blood" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull's blood">bull's blood</a> during an attack by the Cimmerians, which <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a> dated to around 695 BC and <a href="/wiki/Julius_Africanus" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Africanus">Julius Africanus</a> to around 676 BC. Archeology has confirmed that <a href="/wiki/Gordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordium">Gordium</a> was destroyed and burned around that time.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Possible_tomb">Possible tomb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Possible tomb"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg/220px-Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg/330px-Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg/440px-Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations055_kopie1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1191" data-file-height="967" /></a><figcaption>Reconstruction of the Tumulus MM burial, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Anatolian_Civilizations" title="Museum of Anatolian Civilizations">Museum of Anatolian Civilizations</a>, Ankara, Turkey.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1957, <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Young_(archaeologist)" title="Rodney Young (archaeologist)">Rodney Young</a> and a team from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> opened a chamber tomb at the heart of the Great Tumulus (in Greek, Μεγάλη Τούμπα)—53 metres in height, about 300 metres in diameter—on the site of ancient <a href="/wiki/Gordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordium">Gordion</a> (modern <a href="/wiki/Yass%C4%B1h%C3%BCy%C3%BCk,_Polatl%C4%B1" title="Yassıhüyük, Polatlı">Yassıhüyük</a>, Turkey), where there are more than 100 <a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">tumuli</a> of different sizes and from different periods.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They discovered a royal burial, its timbers dated as cut to about 740 BC<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> complete with remains of the funeral feast and "the best collection of Iron Age drinking vessels ever uncovered".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This inner chamber was rather large: 5.15 metres by 6.2 metres in breadth and 3.25 metres high. On the remains of a wooden coffin in the northwest corner of the tomb lay a skeleton of a man 1.59 metres in height and about 60 years old.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the tomb were found an ornate inlaid table, two inlaid serving stands, and <a href="/wiki/Gordion_Furniture_and_Wooden_Artifacts" title="Gordion Furniture and Wooden Artifacts">eight other tables</a>, as well as bronze and pottery vessels and bronze fibulae.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although no identifying texts were originally associated with the site, it was called Tumulus MM (for "Midas Mound") by the excavator. As this funerary monument was erected before the traditional date given for the death of King Midas in the early 7th century BC, it is now generally thought to have covered the burial of his father. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Midas_(6th_century_BC)"><span id="Midas_.286th_century_BC.29"></span>Midas (6th century BC)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Midas (6th century BC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A third Midas is said by <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> to have been a member of the royal house of Phrygia and the grandfather of <a href="/wiki/Adrastus_(son_of_Gordias)" title="Adrastus (son of Gordias)">Adrastus, son of Gordias</a> who fled Phrygia after accidentally killing his brother and took asylum in <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydia</a> during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Croesus" title="Croesus">Croesus</a>. Phrygia was by that time a Lydian subject. Herodotus says that Croesus regarded the Phrygian royal house as "friends" but does not mention whether the Phrygian royal house still ruled as (vassal) kings of Phrygia.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosopher%27s_stone" title="Philosopher's stone">Philosopher's stone</a>, mythical object in Alchemy, purported to transmute base materials into gold</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Golden_Touch_(film)" title="The Golden Touch (film)">The Golden Touch</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney" title="Walt Disney">Walt Disney</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Silly_Symphony" title="Silly Symphony">Silly Symphony</a></i> cartoon based on the Greek myth of King Midas</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chocolate_Touch" title="The Chocolate Touch">The Chocolate Touch</a></i>, a children's book about a boy who turns everything he touches to chocolate</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/wiki/Alchemy" title="Alchemy">alchemy</a>, the transmutation of an object into gold is known as <i><a href="/wiki/Chrysopoeia" title="Chrysopoeia">chrysopoeia</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wildwinds.com/coins/greece/phrygia/midaeum/i.html">"Phrygia, Midaeum - Ancient Greek Coins - WildWinds.com"</a>. <i>www.wildwinds.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wildwinds.com&rft.atitle=Phrygia%2C+Midaeum+-+Ancient+Greek+Coins+-+WildWinds.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wildwinds.com%2Fcoins%2Fgreece%2Fphrygia%2Fmidaeum%2Fi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> 1.4.5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">See for example Encyclopædia Britannica; also: "Virtually the only figure in <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygian</a> history who can be recognized as a distinct individual", begins Lynn E. Roller, "The Legend of Midas", <i>Classical Antiquity,</i> <b>2</b>2 (October 1983):299–313.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"King Midas, a Phrygian, son of Cybele" (<a href="/wiki/Hyginus" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i> 274).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Bromium" in Graves 1960:83.a; Greek traditions of the migration from Macedon to Anatolia are examined—as purely literary constructions—in Peter Carrington, "The Heroic Age of Phrygia in Ancient Literature and Art" <i>Anatolian Studies</i> <b>27</b> (1977:117–126).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mygdonia became part of <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedon">Macedon</a> in historical times.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus, <i>Histories</i> 8.138.2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus 7.73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a></i> 10.415b, quoting <a href="/wiki/Sositheus" title="Sositheus">Sositheus</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i>Parallela minora</i> 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arrian, Alexandri Anabasis, B.3.4–6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus I.14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/coin/Origins-of-coins">"coin - Origins of coins | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=coin+-+Origins+of+coins+%26%23124%3B+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fcoin%2FOrigins-of-coins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopædia Britannica, notes to Penguin edition of Herodotus.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/OvidMetamorphoses11.html">"OVID, METAMORPHOSES 11 - Theoi Classical Texts Library"</a>. <i>www.theoi.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theoi.com&rft.atitle=OVID%2C+METAMORPHOSES+11+-+Theoi+Classical+Texts+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FText%2FOvidMetamorphoses11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This myth appears in a fragment of <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i>Eudemus</i>, (fr.6); <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> was aware that Midas mixed water with wine to capture Silenus (<i>Description of Greece</i> 1.4.1); a muddled version is recounted in <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Philostratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavius Philostratus">Flavius Philostratus</a>' <i>Life of Apollonius of Tyana</i>, vi.27: "Midas himself had some of the blood of <a href="/wiki/Satyr" title="Satyr">satyrs</a> in his veins, as was clear from the shape of his ears; and a satyr once, trespassing on his kinship with Midas, made merry at the expense of his ears, not only singing about them, but piping about them. Well, Midas, I understand, had heard from his mother that when a satyr is overcome by wine he falls asleep, and at such times comes to his senses and will make friends with you; so he mixed wine which he had in his palace in a fountain and let the satyr get at it, and the latter drank it up and was overcome".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Aelianus" title="Claudius Aelianus">Aelian</a>, <i>Varia Historia</i> iii.18 relates some of Silenus' accounts (Graves 1960:83.b.3).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Claudian, <i>In Rufinum</i>: "sic rex ad prima tumebat Maeonius, pulchro cum verteret omnia tactu; sed postquam riguisse dapes fulvamque revinctos in glaciem vidit latices, tum munus acerbum sensit et inviso votum damnavit in auro."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fabulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fabulae">Fabulae</a></i> 274</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Politics_(Aristotle)" title="Politics (Aristotle)">Politics</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0058%3Abook%3D1%3Asection%3D1257b">1.1257b</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This myth puts Midas in another setting. "Midas himself had some of the blood of satyrs in his veins, as was clear from the shape of his ears" was the assertion of <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Philostratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavius Philostratus">Flavius Philostratus</a>, in his <i>Life of <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Tyana" title="Apollonius of Tyana">Apollonius of Tyana</a></i> (vi.27), not always a dependable repository of myth. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/ap-ark/apollonius/life/va_6_26.html">on-line</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315005913/http://www.livius.org/ap-ark/apollonius/life/va_6_26.html">Archived</a> 2016-03-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a> <i>On Divination</i>i.36; <a href="/wiki/Valerius_Maximus" title="Valerius Maximus">Valerius Maximus</a>, i.6.3; <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_(poem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Metamorphoses (poem)">Metamorphoses</a></i>, xi.92f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hyginus, <i>Fabulae</i> 191.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The whispering sound of reeds is an ancient <a href="/wiki/Literary_trope" class="mw-redirect" title="Literary trope">literary trope</a>: the Sumerian <i>Instructions of Shuruppak</i> (3rd millennium BCE) warn "The reed-beds are ..., they can hide (?) slander". (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk/section5/tr561.htm"><i>Instructions of Shuruppak</i>, lines 92–93</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hall, James, <i>Hall's Dictionary of Subjects and Symbols in Art</i>, pp. 27–28, 1996 (2nd edn.), John Murray, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0719541476" title="Special:BookSources/0719541476">0719541476</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The legend is related in <a href="/wiki/Ella_Maillart" title="Ella Maillart">Ella Maillart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dervla_Murphy" title="Dervla Murphy">Dervla Murphy</a>, <i>Turkestan solo: a journey through Central Asia</i> (1938) 2005:48f; a wholly separate origin uncontaminated by the legend of Midas is not likely.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Keating" title="Geoffrey Keating">Geoffrey Keating</a>, <i>Foras Feasa ar Éirinn</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100054/text039.html">1.29</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/T100054/text040.html">1.30</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Larvol, Gwenole. <i>Ar Roue Marc'h a zo gantañ war e benn moue ha divskouarn e varc'h Morvarc'h</i>. Saint-Breuc, TES. 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Mycenaean Origin of Greek Mythology, Martin Persson Nilsson, University of California Press, 1972, p. 48</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> I.3.21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopædia Britannica.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rodney Young, <i>Three Great Early Tumuli: The Gordion Excavations Final Reports, Volume 1,</i> (1981):79–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeVries2005" class="citation book cs1">DeVries, Keith (2005). "Greek Pottery and Gordion Chronology". In Kealhofer, Lisa (ed.). <i>The Archaeology of Midas and the Phrygians: Recent Work at Gordion</i>. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. pp. 42ff. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-931707-76-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-931707-76-6"><bdi>1-931707-76-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Greek+Pottery+and+Gordion+Chronology&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+Midas+and+the+Phrygians%3A+Recent+Work+at+Gordion&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=42ff&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Museum+of+Archaeology+and+Anthropology&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-931707-76-6&rft.aulast=DeVries&rft.aufirst=Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManning2001" class="citation journal cs1">Manning, Sturt; et al. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1066112">"Anatolian Tree Rings and a New Chronology for the East Mediterranean Bronze-Iron Ages"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" title="Science (journal)">Science</a></i>. <b>294</b> (5551): 2532–2535 [p. 2534]. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001Sci...294.2532M">2001Sci...294.2532M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1066112">10.1126/science.1066112</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11743159">11743159</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:33497945">33497945</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Anatolian+Tree+Rings+and+a+New+Chronology+for+the+East+Mediterranean+Bronze-Iron+Ages&rft.volume=294&rft.issue=5551&rft.pages=2532-2535+p.+2534&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1066112&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A33497945%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F11743159&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2001Sci...294.2532M&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=Sturt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1126%252Fscience.1066112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/feature/id/1026/title/King_Midas_Modern_Mourners">"King Midas' modern mourners"</a>. <i>Science News</i>. November 4, 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+News&rft.atitle=King+Midas%27+modern+mourners&rft.date=2000-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencenews.org%2Fview%2Ffeature%2Fid%2F1026%2Ftitle%2FKing_Midas_Modern_Mourners&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson1990" class="citation journal cs1">Simpson, Elizabeth (1990). "Midas' Bed and a Royal Phrygian Funeral". <i>Journal of Field Archaeology</i>. <b>17</b> (1): 69–87. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1179%2F009346990791548484">10.1179/009346990791548484</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Field+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Midas%27+Bed+and+a+Royal+Phrygian+Funeral&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=69-87&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1179%2F009346990791548484&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Young (1981):102–190. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson1996" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, Elizabeth (1996). "Phrygian Furniture from Gordion". In <a href="/wiki/Georgina_Herrmann" title="Georgina Herrmann">Herrmann, Georgina</a> (ed.). <i>The Furniture of Western Asia: Ancient and Traditional</i>. Mainz: Philipp Von Zabern. pp. 187–209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8053-1838-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-8053-1838-3"><bdi>3-8053-1838-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phrygian+Furniture+from+Gordion&rft.btitle=The+Furniture+of+Western+Asia%3A+Ancient+and+Traditional&rft.place=Mainz&rft.pages=187-209&rft.pub=Philipp+Von+Zabern&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=3-8053-1838-3&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMidas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus I.35.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:King_Midas" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:King Midas">King Midas</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Graves" title="Robert Graves">Graves, Robert</a>, 1960. <i>The Greek Myths</i>, rev. ed., 83.a-g.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apaclassics.org/AnnualMeeting/04mtg/abstracts/MORRIS.html">Sarah Morris, "Midas as Mule: Anatolia in Greek Myth and Phrygian Kingship" (abstract)</a>, American Philological Society Annual Meeting, 2004.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/Mediterranean/Midas/intro.shtml">"The Funerary feast of King Midas" (University of Pennsylvania)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070204003516/http://www.museum.upenn.edu/new/research/Exp_Rese_Disc/Mediterranean/Midas/intro.shtml">Archived</a> 2007-02-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – "Tomb of Midas" report</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011130184256/http://homepage.mac.com/cparada/GML/Midas.html">Calos Parada, "Midas"</a> – Separating historical Midas from mythical Midas.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0004&layout=&loc=midas">Herodotus on Midas</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/">Theoi.com</a> Classical references to Midas, in English translations.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080820062208/http://www.rn-ds-partnership.com/reconstruction/midas.html">"Reconstruction of King Midas"</a> – Reconstruction of "King Midas" by Richard Neave</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Vassileva, Maya. "King Midas: between the Balkans and Asia Minor". In: <i>Dialogues d'histoire ancienne</i>, vol. 23, n°2, 1997. pp. 9–20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fdha.1997.2349">10.3406/dha.1997.2349</a>. [www.persee.fr/doc/dha_0755-7256_1997_num_23_2_2349]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Midas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-000114">The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Midas)</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Gordias" title="Gordias">Gordias</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> King of <a href="/wiki/Phrygia" title="Phrygia">Phrygia</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Unknown</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#cef2e0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Template:Metamorphoses in Greek mythology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Template talk:Metamorphoses in Greek mythology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metamorphoses in Greek mythology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphoses in Greek mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Avian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abas_(mythology)" title="Abas (mythology)">Abas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthis_(mythology)" title="Acanthis (mythology)">Acanthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acanthus_(son_of_Autonous)" title="Acanthus (son of Autonous)">Acanthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acmon" title="Acmon">Acmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%ABdon" title="Aëdon">Aëdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegolius_(mythology)" title="Aegolius (mythology)">Aegolius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegypius_(mythology)" title="Aegypius (mythology)">Aegypius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C3%ABtos" title="Aëtos">Aëtos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrius_and_Oreius_(mythology)" title="Agrius and Oreius (mythology)">Agrius and Oreius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agron_(mythology)" title="Agron (mythology)">Agron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcander_(mythology)" title="Alcander (mythology)">Alcander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_(daughter_of_Sciron)" title="Alcyone (daughter of Sciron)">Alcyone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcyone_and_Ceyx" title="Alcyone and Ceyx">Alcyone and Ceyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcyonides" title="Alcyonides">Alcyonides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alectryon_(mythology)" title="Alectryon (mythology)">Alectryon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthus_(mythology)" title="Anthus (mythology)">Anthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone_of_Troy" title="Antigone of Troy">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argus_Panoptes" title="Argus Panoptes">Argus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arne_Sithonis" title="Arne Sithonis">Arne Sithonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemiche" title="Artemiche">Artemiche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonous" title="Autonous">Autonous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botres" title="Botres">Botres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulis_(mythology)" title="Bulis (mythology)">Bulis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byssa_(mythology)" title="Byssa (mythology)">Byssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caeneus" title="Caeneus">Caeneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celeus_(Crete)" title="Celeus (Crete)">Celeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus_(Greek_myth)" title="Cerberus (Greek myth)">Cerberus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelidon_(mythology)" title="Chelidon (mythology)">Chelidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinyras" title="Cinyras">Cinyras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinis" title="Clinis">Clinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combe_(mythology)" title="Combe (mythology)">Combe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corone_(crow)" title="Corone (crow)">Corone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ctesylla" title="Ctesylla">Ctesylla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycnus_(son_of_Apollo)" title="Cycnus (son of Apollo)">Cycnus of Aetolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycnus_(son_of_Ares)" title="Cycnus (son of Ares)">Cycnus of Ares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycnus_of_Kolonai" title="Cycnus of Kolonai">Cycnus of Colonae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycnus_of_Liguria" title="Cycnus of Liguria">Cycnus of Liguria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalion" title="Daedalion">Daedalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erinoma" title="Erinoma">Erinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erodius" title="Erodius">Erodius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eumelus" title="Eumelus">Eumelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerana" title="Gerana">Gerana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmotho%C3%AB" title="Harmothoë">Harmothoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpalyce_(daughter_of_Clymenus)" title="Harpalyce (daughter of Clymenus)">Harpalyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpasus" title="Harpasus">Harpasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpe_(mythology)" title="Harpe (mythology)">Harpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierax_(mythology)" title="Hierax (mythology)">Hierax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Autonous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Autonous)">Hippodamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperippe" title="Hyperippe">Hyperippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyria_(mythology)" title="Hyria (mythology)">Hyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ictinus_(mythology)" title="Ictinus (mythology)">Ictinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idas_(mythology)" title="Idas (mythology)">Idas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ino_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ino (Greek mythology)">Ino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itys" title="Itys">Itys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iynx" title="Iynx">Iynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laius_(Crete)" title="Laius (Crete)">Laius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lelante" title="Lelante">Lelante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycius_(son_of_Clinis)" title="Lycius (son of Clinis)">Lycius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycus_(mythology)" title="Lycus (mythology)">Lycus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaletor" title="Megaletor">Megaletor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meleagrids" title="Meleagrids">Meleagrids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnonides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meropis_(mythology)" title="Meropis (mythology)">Meropis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merops_(mythology)" title="Merops (mythology)">Merops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minyades" title="Minyades">Minyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neophron_(Greek_myth)" title="Neophron (Greek myth)">Neophron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisos" title="Nisos">Nisus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyctaea" title="Nyctaea">Nyctaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyctimene_(mythology)" title="Nyctimene (mythology)">Nyctimene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenoe_(mythology)" title="Oenoe (mythology)">Oenoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenotropae" title="Oenotropae">Oenotropae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortygius" title="Ortygius">Ortygius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandareus" title="Pandareus">Pandareus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelia_(mythology)" title="Pelia (mythology)">Pelia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perdix_(mythology)" title="Perdix (mythology)">Perdix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periphas_(king_of_Attica)" title="Periphas (king of Attica)">Periphas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peristera_(mythology)" title="Peristera (mythology)">Peristera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picus" title="Picus">Picus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierides_(mythology)" title="Pierides (mythology)">Pierides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phene_(mythology)" title="Phene (mythology)">Phene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philaeus_(mythology)" title="Philaeus (mythology)">Philaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphonte" title="Polyphonte">Polyphonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytechnus" title="Polytechnus">Polytechnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procne" title="Procne">Procne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhexenor" title="Rhexenor">Rhexenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoeneus" title="Schoeneus">Schoeneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla_(daughter_of_Nisus)" title="Scylla (daughter of Nisus)">Scylla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timandra_(mother_of_Neophron)" title="Timandra (mother of Neophron)">Timandra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Non-avian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abas_(mythology)" title="Abas (mythology)">Abas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachne" title="Arachne">Arachne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcas" title="Arcas">Arcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arge" title="Arge">Arge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristaeus_(Giant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristaeus (Giant)">Aristaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascalabus" title="Ascalabus">Ascalabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calchus" title="Calchus">Calchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callisto_(mythology)" title="Callisto (mythology)">Callisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerambus" title="Cerambus">Cerambus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeus_and_the_Tortoise" title="Zeus and the Tortoise">Chelone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Curetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynosura_(nymph)" title="Cynosura (nymph)">Cynosura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galanthis" title="Galanthis">Galanthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_(mythology)" title="Gale (mythology)">Gale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helice_(mythology)" title="Helice (mythology)">Helice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippomenes" title="Hippomenes">Hippomenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyncus" title="Lyncus">Lyncus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanippe" title="Melanippe">Melanippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphorion_(mythology)" title="Euphorion (mythology)">Melian nymphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melissa" title="Melissa">Melissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minyades" title="Minyades">Minyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myia_(mythology)" title="Myia (mythology)">Myia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmex_(Attic_woman)" title="Myrmex (Attic woman)">Myrmex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na%C3%AFs_(mythology)" title="Naïs (mythology)">Naïs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocyrhoe" title="Ocyrhoe">Ocyrhoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentheus" title="Pentheus">Pentheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phalanx_(mythology)" title="Phalanx (mythology)">Phalanx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenice_(mythology)" title="Phoenice (mythology)">Phoenice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompilus_(mythology)" title="Pompilus (mythology)">Pompilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophane" title="Theophane">Theophane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanis_(mythology)" title="Titanis (mythology)">Titanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tithonus" title="Tithonus">Tithonus</a></li> <li>Tyrrhenian pirates <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethalides_(mythology)" title="Aethalides (mythology)">Aethalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcimedon" title="Alcimedon">Alcimedon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictys" title="Dictys">Dictys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epopeus" title="Epopeus">Epopeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melas_(mythology)" title="Melas (mythology)">Melas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medon_(mythology)" title="Medon (mythology)">Medon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opheltes_(mythology)" title="Opheltes (mythology)">Opheltes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pygmalion_(Raoux).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pygmalion and Galatea"><img alt="Pygmalion and Galatea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg/91px-Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg/137px-Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg/182px-Pygmalion_%28Raoux%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1436" data-file-height="1898" /></a></span><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Apollo_and_Daphne_(Bernini).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Apollo and Daphne"><img alt="Apollo and Daphne" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg/90px-Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg/135px-Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg/180px-Apollo_and_Daphne_%28Bernini%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5048" data-file-height="7800" /></a></span><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Io_changed_into_a_cow,_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Io"><img alt="Io" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg/90px-Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg/135px-Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg/180px-Io_changed_into_a_cow%2C_Mercury_cuts_of_Argus%27s_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1913" data-file-height="2645" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Base appearance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_(son_of_Zeus)" title="Achilles (son of Zeus)">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigone_of_Troy" title="Antigone of Troy">Antigone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Midas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Mulberry fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaon" title="Phaon">Phaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Sirens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycius_(son_of_Clinis)" title="Lycius (son of Clinis)">White raven</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Humanoids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arne_(daughter_of_Aeolus)" title="Arne (daughter of Aeolus)">Arne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cymodoce_(mythology)" title="Cymodoce (mythology)">Cymodoce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcesius" title="Arcesius">Cephalus' wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leleges" title="Leleges">Leleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Weasel_and_Aphrodite" title="The Weasel and Aphrodite">Weasel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Inanimate objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aconteus" title="Aconteus">Aconteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aglaurus,_daughter_of_Cecrops" title="Aglaurus, daughter of Cecrops">Aglaurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcmene" title="Alcmene">Alcmene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaxarete" title="Anaxarete">Anaxarete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsino%C3%AB_of_Cyprus" title="Arsinoë of Cyprus">Arsinoë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspalis" title="Aspalis">Aspalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battus_(mythology)" title="Battus (mythology)">Battus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calydon_(son_of_Ares)" title="Calydon (son of Ares)">Calydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cragaleus" title="Cragaleus">Cragaleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphnis" title="Daphnis">Daphnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iodame" title="Iodame">Iodame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laelaps_(mythology)" title="Laelaps (mythology)">Laelaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethaea" title="Lethaea">Lethaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyco_and_Orphe" title="Lyco and Orphe">Lyco and Orphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenus" title="Olenus">Olenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas_(Giant)" title="Pallas (Giant)">Pallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandareus" title="Pandareus">Pandareus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineus_(son_of_Belus)" title="Phineus (son of Belus)">Phineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polydectes" title="Polydectes">Polydectes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proetus_(son_of_Abas)" title="Proetus (son of Abas)">Proetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propoetides" title="Propoetides">Propoetides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhus_(mythology)" title="Pyrrhus (mythology)">Pyrrhus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamathe_(Nereid)" title="Psamathe (Nereid)">Wolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Landforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acis_and_Galatea" title="Acis and Galatea">Acis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aea_(mythology)" title="Aea (mythology)">Aea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alope" title="Alope">Alope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(Boeotia)" title="Arethusa (Boeotia)">Arethusa (Boeotia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa (Elis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arethusa_(Ithaca)" title="Arethusa (Ithaca)">Arethusa (Ithaca)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteria_(Titaness)" title="Asteria (Titaness)">Asteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(mythology)" title="Aura (mythology)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byblis" title="Byblis">Byblis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chione_(daughter_of_Callirrhoe)" title="Chione (daughter of Callirrhoe)">Chione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleite" title="Cleite">Cleite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comaetho_of_Cilicia" title="Comaetho of Cilicia">Comaetho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyane" title="Cyane">Cyane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirce" title="Dirce">Dirce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haemus" title="Haemus">Haemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichas" title="Lichas">Lichas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lilaeus_(mythology)" title="Lilaeus (mythology)">Lilaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manto_(daughter_of_Tiresias)" title="Manto (daughter of Tiresias)">Manto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsyas" title="Marsyas">Marsyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menippe_and_Metioche" title="Menippe and Metioche">Menippe and Metioche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perimele" title="Perimele">Perimele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Pyramus and Thisbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodope_(mythology)" title="Rhodope (mythology)">Rhodope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodopis_and_Euthynicus" title="Rhodopis and Euthynicus">Rhodopis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selemnos" title="Selemnos">Selemnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sybaris_(mythology)" title="Sybaris (mythology)">Sybaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Opposite sex</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caeneus" title="Caeneus">Caeneus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iphis" title="Iphis">Iphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucippus_of_Crete" title="Leucippus of Crete">Leucippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siproites" title="Siproites">Siproites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sithon_(mythology)" title="Sithon (mythology)">Sithon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajax_the_Great" title="Ajax the Great">Ajax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaracus" title="Amaracus">Amaracus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosia_(Hyades)" title="Ambrosia (Hyades)">Ambrosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ampelos" title="Ampelos">Ampelus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anethus" title="Anethus">Anethus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baucis_and_Philemon" title="Baucis and Philemon">Baucis and Philemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamos" title="Kalamos">Calamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karpos" title="Karpos">Carpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cissus_(mythology)" title="Cissus (mythology)">Cissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocus_(mythology)" title="Crocus (mythology)">Crocus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyparissus" title="Cyparissus">Cyparissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diopatra_(mythology)" title="Diopatra (mythology)">Diopatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryope_(daughter_of_Dryops)" title="Dryope (daughter of Dryops)">Dryope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaea_(mythology)" title="Elaea (mythology)">Elaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elate_(mythology)" title="Elate (mythology)">Elate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eteocles_of_Orchomenus" title="Eteocles of Orchomenus">Eteocleides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dioxippe" title="Dioxippe">Dioxippe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampetia" title="Lampetia">Lampetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merope_(Greek_myth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merope (Greek myth)">Merope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaethusa" title="Phaethusa">Phaethusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(Greek_myth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoebe (Greek myth)">Phoebe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erytheia_(mythology)" title="Erytheia (mythology)">Erytheia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyacinth_(mythology)" title="Hyacinth (mythology)">Hyacinthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">Leucothoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libanus_(mythology)" title="Libanus (mythology)">Libanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotis_(mythology)" title="Lotis (mythology)">Lotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lycurgus_of_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycurgus of Thrace">Lycurgus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecon_(mythology)" title="Mecon (mythology)">Mecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melos_of_Delos" title="Melos of Delos">Melos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrice_(mythology)" title="Myrice (mythology)">Myrice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrina_(priestess)" title="Myrina (priestess)">Myrina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrsine_(mythology)" title="Myrsine (mythology)">Myrsine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oechalides" title="Oechalides">Oechalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_(mythology)" title="Phyllis (mythology)">Phyllis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picolous" title="Picolous">Picolous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitys_(mythology)" title="Pitys (mythology)">Pitys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platanus_(mythology)" title="Platanus (mythology)">Platanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalacantha" title="Psalacantha">Psalacantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Saliva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_(daughter_of_Ictinus)" title="Side (daughter of Ictinus)">Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smilax_(mythology)" title="Smilax (mythology)">Smilax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Smyrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Spear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syceus" title="Syceus">Syceus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrinx" title="Syrinx">Syrinx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Voluntary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek gods">Greek gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobalos" title="Kobalos">Kobalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mestra" title="Mestra">Mestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periclymenus" title="Periclymenus">Periclymenus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean Sibyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echo_(mythology)" title="Echo (mythology)">Echo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hylas" title="Hylas">Hylas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milk_of_Hera" title="Milk of Hera">Milk of Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">False myths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acantha" title="Acantha">Acantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethyste" title="Amethyste">Amethyste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchis_(mythology)" title="Orchis (mythology)">Orchis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodanthe_(mythology)" title="Rhodanthe (mythology)">Rhodanthe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#cef2e0"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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