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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button 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href="#Prominent_milestones/events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Prominent milestones/events</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prominent_milestones/events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 100 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duitse_Wikipedia" title="Duitse Wikipedia – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Duitse Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ويكيبيديا الألمانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا الألمانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89" title="ويكيبيديا المانى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا المانى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="জাৰ্মান ৱিকিপিডিয়া – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাৰ্মান ৱিকিপিডিয়া" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanca_Vikipediya" title="Almanca Vikipediya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Almanca Vikipediya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Немец Википедияһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Немец Википедияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuok%C4%97%C5%A1ka_Vikiped%C4%97j%C4%97" title="Vuokėška Vikipedėjė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vuokėška Vikipedėjė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedyang_Aleman" title="Wikipedyang Aleman – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Wikipedyang Aleman" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Нямецкая Вікіпедыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нямецкая Вікіпедыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Нямецкая Вікіпэдыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нямецкая Вікіпэдыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Уикипедия на немски език – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уикипедия на немски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="জার্মান উইকিপিডিয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জার্মান উইকিপিডিয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Герман Википеэди – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Герман Википеэди" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia_en_alemany" title="Viquipèdia en alemany – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Viquipèdia en alemany" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Немцойн Википеди – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Немцойн Википеди" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%B5%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ویکیپیدیای ئەڵمانی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیای ئەڵمانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Bmeck%C3%A1_Wikipedie" title="Německá Wikipedie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Německá Wikipedie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BC%C4%95%C3%A7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Нимĕç Википедийĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нимĕç Википедийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicipedia_Almaeneg" title="Wicipedia Almaeneg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wicipedia Almaeneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tysk_Wikipedia" title="Tysk Wikipedia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tysk Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutschsprachige_Wikipedia" title="Deutschsprachige Wikipedia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deutschsprachige Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipediya_Almanki" title="Wikipediya Almanki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wikipediya Almanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Γερμανική Βικιπαίδεια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γερμανική Βικιπαίδεια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Wikipedia" title="German Wikipedia – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="German Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanlingva_Vikipedio" title="Germanlingva Vikipedio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Germanlingva Vikipedio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_en_alem%C3%A1n" title="Wikipedia en alemán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wikipedia en alemán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksakeelne_Vikipeedia" title="Saksakeelne Vikipeedia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saksakeelne Vikipeedia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alemanezko_Wikipedia" title="Alemanezko Wikipedia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alemanezko Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_en_alem%C3%A1n" title="Wikipedia en alemán – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Wikipedia en alemán" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ویکی‌پدیای آلمانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیای آلمانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksankielinen_Wikipedia" title="Saksankielinen Wikipedia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saksankielinen Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia_en_allemand" title="Wikipédia en allemand – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wikipédia en allemand" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vichipedie_todescje" title="Vichipedie todescje – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Vichipedie todescje" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%BAtsktalige_Wikipedy" title="Dútsktalige Wikipedy – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Dútsktalige Wikipedy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicip%C3%A9id_na_Gearm%C3%A1inise" title="Vicipéid na Gearmáinise – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Vicipéid na Gearmáinise" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_en_alem%C3%A1n" title="Wikipedia en alemán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia en alemán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet-ng%C3%AE_Wikipedia" title="Tet-ngî Wikipedia – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tet-ngî Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%93%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ויקיפדיה הגרמנית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויקיפדיה הגרמנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="जर्मन विकिपीडिया – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जर्मन विकिपीडिया" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija_na_njema%C4%8Dkom_jeziku" title="Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9met_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Német Wikipédia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Német Wikipédia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6_%D5%8E%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Գերմաներեն Վիքիպեդիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գերմաներեն Վիքիպեդիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_bahasa_Jerman" title="Wikipedia bahasa Jerman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wikipedia bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_in_tedesco" title="Wikipedia in tedesco – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wikipedia in tedesco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%82%A4%E3%83%84%E8%AA%9E%E7%89%88%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2" title="ドイツ語版ウィキペディア – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドイツ語版ウィキペディア" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ვიკიპედია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გერმანული ვიკიპედია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%88%D0%B5_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Немісше Уикипедия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Немісше Уикипедия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9E%BA%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%84%E1%9F%8B" title="វិគីភីឌាភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិគីភីឌាភាសាអាល្លឺម៉ង់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF" title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಜರ್ಮನ್ ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EC%96%B4_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC" title="독일어 위키백과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="독일어 위키백과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8E%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%90%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%96%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%96%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جَرمَن وِکیٖپیٖڈیا – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="جَرمَن وِکیٖپیٖڈیا" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%AEk%C3%AEpediya_bi_alman%C3%AE" title="Wîkîpediya bi almanî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Wîkîpediya bi almanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Немис Википедиясы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Немис Википедиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_op_D%C3%A4itsch" title="Wikipedia op Däitsch – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wikipedia op Däitsch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voki%C5%A1koji_Vikipedija" title="Vokiškoji Vikipedija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vokiškoji Vikipedija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija_v%C4%81cu_valod%C4%81" title="Vikipēdija vācu valodā – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vikipēdija vācu valodā" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_basa_Jerman" title="Wikipedia basa Jerman – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Wikipedia basa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Википедија на германски јазик – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија на германски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0" title="Герман Википедиа – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Герман Википедиа" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%96%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%9F_%EA%AF%8B%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_Bahasa_Jerman" title="Wikipedia Bahasa Jerman – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wikipedia Bahasa Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဂျာမန်ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျာမန်ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duitstalige_Wikipedia" title="Duitstalige Wikipedia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Duitstalige Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_p%C3%A5_tysk" title="Wikipedia på tysk – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="Wikipedia på tysk" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A8dia_en_alemand" title="Wikipèdia en alemand – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wikipèdia en alemand" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਜਰਮਨ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਰਮਨ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_niemieckoj%C4%99zyczna" title="Wikipedia niemieckojęzyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wikipedia niemieckojęzyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia_em_alem%C3%A3o" title="Wikipédia em alemão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wikipédia em alemão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_%C3%AEn_german%C4%83" title="Wikipedia în germană – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wikipedia în germană" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uicchip%C3%A8die_tedesche" title="Uicchipèdie tedesche – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Uicchipèdie tedesche" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Немецкая Википедия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Немецкая Википедия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%97%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нїмецька Вікіпедія – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нїмецька Вікіпедія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1_%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱟᱨᱢᱟᱱ ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_in_tedescu" title="Wikipedia in tedescu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Wikipedia in tedescu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_tudisca" title="Wikipedia tudisca – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Wikipedia tudisca" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جرمن وڪيپيڊيا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="جرمن وڪيپيڊيا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija_na_njema%C4%8Dkom_jeziku" title="Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wikipedija na njemačkom jeziku" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Wikipedia" title="German Wikipedia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="German Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83" title="Википедија на немачком језику – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Википедија на немачком језику" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyskspr%C3%A5kiga_Wikipedia" title="Tyskspråkiga Wikipedia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tyskspråkiga Wikipedia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_ya_Kijerumani" title="Wikipedia ya Kijerumani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wikipedia ya Kijerumani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="இடாய்ச்சு விக்கிப்பீடியா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இடாய்ச்சு விக்கிப்பீடியா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Википедияи Олмонӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Википедияи Олмонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="วิกิพีเดียภาษาเยอรมัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดียภาษาเยอรมัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipediang_Aleman" title="Wikipediang Aleman – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikipediang Aleman" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almanca_Vikipedi" title="Almanca Vikipedi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Almanca Vikipedi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Алман Википедиясе – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Алман Википедиясе" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Немец Википедия – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Немец Википедия" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Німецька Вікіпедія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Німецька Вікіпедія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="جرمن ویکیپیڈیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جرمن ویکیپیڈیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemischa_Vikipediya" title="Nemischa Vikipediya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Nemischa Vikipediya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saksankel%27ne_Vikipedii" title="Saksankel'ne Vikipedii – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Saksankel'ne Vikipedii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia_ti%E1%BA%BFng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Wikipedia tiếng Đức – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia tiếng Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BCkiped_Deut%C3%A4nap%C3%BCkik" title="Vükiped Deutänapükik – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Vükiped Deutänapükik" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AF%AD%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="德语维基百科 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="德语维基百科" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გერმანული ვიკიპედია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გერმანული ვიკიპედია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="德語維基百科 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="德語維基百科" 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class="extiw" title="mw:Help:History">archived version</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/User:ToadetteEdit" class="mw-userlink" title="User:ToadetteEdit" data-mw-revid="27222974"><bdi>ToadetteEdit</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:ToadetteEdit" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:ToadetteEdit">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/ToadetteEdit" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/ToadetteEdit">contribs</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">15:57, 2 August 2024</span> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Features">→<bdi dir="ltr">Features</bdi></a>: </span>It is called extended confirmed)</span>. It may differ significantly from <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/German_Wikipedia">the current version</a></span>.</div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&diff=prev&oldid=27222974" title="German Wikipedia">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&direction=prev&oldid=27222974" title="German Wikipedia">← Older revision</a> | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Other languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/de" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Deutsche Wikipedia (35% translated)" lang="de" dir="ltr">Deutsch</a></li> <li><span class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/hu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Német Wikipédia (13% translated)" lang="hu" dir="ltr">magyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Немецкая Википедия (21% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/gu" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="જર્મન વિકિપીડિયા (11% translated)" lang="gu" dir="ltr">ગુજરાતી</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/zh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="德語維基百科 (100% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="ドイツ語版ウィキペディア (11% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Wikipedia/ko" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="독일어 위키백과 (100% translated)" lang="ko" dir="ltr">한국어</a></li></ul></div> <p>This page is a descriptive article on the <b><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="de:">German Wikipedia</a></b>, feel free to add any comment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Facts" data-mw-thread-id="h-Facts"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Facts"></span>Facts<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Facts"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Facts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Started:</b> March 2001 </p><p><b>Current size:</b> 2,961,787 articles </p><p><b>Total edits:</b> 248,974,243 </p><p><b>Active editors:</b> 17,213 in the past month </p> <dl><dt>Areas of strength</dt></dl> <ul><li>General article quality</li> <li>Several cooperation with third parties regarding e.g. Persondata (German national library) or CD-/DVD-production (Directmedia)</li> <li>High grade of face-to-face contacts by means of regular meetings (so called “Stammtische”)</li> <li>Creativity in inventing new ways of quality enhancement e.g. writing contests (“Schreibwettbewerb”), concepts as featured (“exzellente”) and good (“lesenswerte”) articles or events as “Wikipedia Academy” (involvement of experts)</li> <li>Convenient <code>BD:</code> shorthand alias for "User_talk:" ("Benutzer_Diskussion:") namespace.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Areas of weakness</dt></dl> <ul><li>Still a low amount of animations and sounds.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Who is the competition (print, online)?</dt></dl> <ul><li>The general PR talking points are that we don't see them as competitors as they could take our content and sell it under the CC/GFDL terms. Competitors to those companies would be other companies that are using wikipedia content to build up products (like Directmedia publishing)</li> <li>Bibliographisches Institut & F.A. Brockhaus (Brockhaus, Meyers) (online, physical electronic product, print)</li> <li>Encarta (physical electronic product and online)</li> <li>Bertelsmann (online, physical electronic product, print)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Prominent_milestones/events" data-mw-thread-id="h-Prominent_milestones/events"><span id="Prominent_milestones.2Fevents"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Prominent_milestones/events"></span>Prominent milestones/events<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Prominent_milestones/events"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Prominent milestones/events"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>first <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_meetup/Archive#28th._October_in_Munich" title="Wikipedia meetup/Archive">meetup in Munich</a> on 28th October 2003 in Munich</li> <li>100.000 articles in June 2004 on the very same "Wikipedia day" when Jimmy Wales was in Berlin and the German association "Wikimedia Germany" was founded.</li> <li>first <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:DVD" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:DVD">Wikipedia CD</a> October 2004 published by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directmedia_Publishing" class="extiw" title="en:Directmedia Publishing">en:Directmedia_Publishing</a></li> <li>first Wikipedia DVD April 2005 published by Directmedia_Publishing</li> <li>first <a href="/wiki/Wikimania05" title="Wikimania05">Wikimania</a> conference in Frankfurt in August</li> <li>500.000 articles in November 2006</li> <li>1.000.000 articles in December 2009</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superprotect" class="extiw" title="w:Superprotect">Media Viewer superprotect incident</a> (2014)</li></ul> <dl><dt>What has its impact been?</dt></dl> <ul><li>TK</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Features" data-mw-thread-id="h-Features"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Features"></span>Features<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Features"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>What language features are challenging?</dt></dl> <ul><li>German Grammar changes combined nouns so that a [[term]]genitivesuffix does not always work. <dl><dd>Example: Das Bibliographische Institut (nominative).</dd> <dd>Des Bibliographische<b>n</b> Institut<b>s</b> (genitive).</dd></dl></li> <li>Not challenging per se, but the square and curly bracket characters on standard German keyboard need to be inserted using a special key combination using the Alt key. On Mac keyboards, they are not even shown on the key caps.</li></ul> <dl><dt>What would surprise the outside reader about the community?</dt></dl> <ul><li>its radical attitude towards deletion (see controversy about the deletion of Linux distribution in the German press April 2007)</li></ul> <dl><dt>What are some unique practices/characteristics?</dt></dl> <ul><li>Current events articles are highly discouraged.</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:Stub" class="extiw" title="en:WP:Stub">Stubs</a> (short articles) are not marked as such, as it is considered pointless.</li> <li>More <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Immediatism" title="Special:MyLanguage/Immediatism">immediatism</a> than on the <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/English_Wikipedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>. For example, there exist no equivalents to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/template:citation_needed" class="extiw" title="en:template:citation needed">the "[citation needed]" tag</a> and its sisters, and only sleek and minimalistic article notice boxes like <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorlage:Belege_fehlen" class="extiw" title="de:Vorlage:Belege fehlen">de:Vorlage:Belege fehlen</a> instead of prominent ones like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Unreferenced" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Unreferenced">en:Template:Unreferenced</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Multiple_issues" class="extiw" title="en:Template:Multiple issues">en:Template:Multiple_issues</a> as used on the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>No <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Efn/doc" class="extiw" title="w:Template:Efn/doc">explanatory footnotes</a>. Explanatory details are mentioned inline, as prose in an article.</li> <li>No hatnotes. In comparison, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Hatnote" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:Hatnote">italic boxless hatnotes</a> are frequently found on the English-language Wikipedia, including in the article space.</li> <li>Users are banned by public vote. An arbitration committee like the one on en.wp was approved by the community in April 2007.</li> <li>The "rollback" tool is not granted through a standalone user right but included in the <code>editor</code> ("active sighter") user right.</li> <li>The new protection level "active sighters only" between "semi-protection" and "administrators only" was <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/Zus%C3%A4tzliche_Seitenschutzstufe" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/Zusätzliche Seitenschutzstufe">introduced in April 2015</a>. It is reminiscent of the extended confirmed protection level introduced a year later on the <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia#Milestones/events" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>.</li> <li>Instead of being <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:G5" class="extiw" title="en:WP:G5">deleted</a>, pages found to have been created by banned users but without content-related issues are moved into <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikelwerkstatt" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:Artikelwerkstatt">a draft-like space</a> and move-protected so only active sighters and above can move them back at their responsibility after review, allowing editors to decide autonomously between taking over and starting from scratch. (<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/Umgang_mit_den_Artikeln_von_dauerhaft_gesperrten_Benutzern" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:Meinungsbilder/Umgang mit den Artikeln von dauerhaft gesperrten Benutzern">2018 community consensus</a>)</li> <li>Unblock discussions are largely held on <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Sperrpr%C3%BCfung" class="extiw" title="de:Wikipedia:Sperrprüfung">a centralized noticeboard</a> rather than users' individual talk pages.</li> <li>No use of padlock icons to indicate page protection like on the English and <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/French_Wikipedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/French Wikipedia">French Wikipedias</a>.</li> <li>Since early 2016, both "Edit" (visual) and "Edit source" tabs and links are shown by default, whereas the English Wikipedia only shows "Edit" (indicated as "Edit source" while logged in) by default; showing both can be enabled at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-tabs" class="extiw" title="en:Special:Preferences">en:Special:Preferences#mw-input-wpvisualeditor-tabs</a>.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Who were the earliest participants, who started it?</dt></dl> <ul><li>Kurt Jansson (former Vice Chair of <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Deutschland" title="Wikimedia Deutschland">Wikimedia Deutschland</a>), Magnus Manske (MediaWiki developer)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Other prominent Wikipedians?</dt></dl> <ul><li>Achim Raschka (initiator of the writing contest), Southpark, Bdk, Henriette Fiebig, Ulrich Fuchs (ex-Wikipedian, founder of fork Wikiweise), Hans Bug (most prominent banned user)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&oldid=27222974">https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_Wikipedia&oldid=27222974</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Community_projects" title="Category:Community projects">Community projects</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_history" title="Category:Wikipedia history">Wikipedia history</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:German_Wikipedia" title="Category:German Wikipedia">German Wikipedia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="Category:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 August 2024, at 15:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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