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<!DOCTYPE html> <html > <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/open_search.xml" title="Academia.edu"> <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" name="viewport"> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="bKJMBZA7E43xhDOopFZkssMMkBRjvYERV-NaN4R6mrs"> <meta name="csrf-param" content="authenticity_token" /> <meta name="csrf-token" content="aNL8a6keQgyGJQ+fAneWmKDIuCK48LXOS438rLOLCK2Wp5U7OYO0T+3jmn+ztnDcG2kG71yYZQrxxJEjyLtVlg==" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Olga Krylovich" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/twitter-card.jpeg" /> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="2369844204" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the" /> <meta property="og:image" content="http://a.academia-assets.com/images/open-graph-icons/fb-paper.gif" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://sevin.academia.edu/OlgaKrylovich" /> <meta name="description" content="The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years" /> <title>(PDF) Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the | Olga Krylovich - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732538852000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732538852000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years BP and from 7000 (cal) years BP till nowadays, respectively. Pollen spectra of the initial stages of deposit development (up to 15,000 (cal) years BP) correlate with unfavourable conditions in the Late Glacial Maximum. The African Humid Period (AHP) (15,000–5000 (cal) years BP) is registered in this palaeoecological record as well as the Younger Dryas event (about 12,500 (cal) years BP). Upward shift of Afromontane forest belt and expansion of ericoid communities at high altitudes were characteristic of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (about 10,000 (cal) years BP). The AHP which continues around 10,000 (cal) years BP after Younger Dryas, was interrupted by a dry episode around 8200 (cal) years BP. Principal aridisation trend during the last 5000 years was observed. Presumably the first traces of human activities in this area can be shown for up about 2500 (cal) years BP.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Olga Krylovich"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2015-11-05","dateModified":"2015-11-05","datePublished":null,"headline":"Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Vegetation History and Archaeobotany"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":null,"publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":null},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":"sevin"}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F17793399%2FHolocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":39713918,"identifier":"Attachment_39713918","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":17793399,"created_at":"2015-11-05T06:25:06.778-08:00","from_world_paper_id":null,"updated_at":"2021-01-13T17:25:17.628-08:00","_data":{"abstract":"The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock\nshelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits\naccumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years BP and from 7000 (cal) years BP till nowadays,\nrespectively. Pollen spectra of the initial stages of deposit development (up to 15,000 (cal) years BP)\ncorrelate with unfavourable conditions in the Late Glacial Maximum. The African Humid Period (AHP)\n(15,000–5000 (cal) years BP) is registered in this palaeoecological record as well as the Younger Dryas\nevent (about 12,500 (cal) years BP). Upward shift of Afromontane forest belt and expansion of ericoid\ncommunities at high altitudes were characteristic of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (about 10,000\n(cal) years BP). The AHP which continues around 10,000 (cal) years BP after Younger Dryas, was\ninterrupted by a dry episode around 8200 (cal) years BP. Principal aridisation trend during the last 5000\nyears was observed. Presumably the first traces of human activities in this area can be shown for up\nabout 2500 (cal) years BP."},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [36817796]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":39713918,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/39713918/mini_magick20190222-7045-u96q0j.png?1550863483" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="36817796" href="https://sevin.academia.edu/OlgaKrylovich"><img alt="Profile image of Olga Krylovich" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />Olga Krylovich</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years BP and from 7000 (cal) years BP till nowadays, respectively. Pollen spectra of the initial stages of deposit development (up to 15,000 (cal) years BP) correlate with unfavourable conditions in the Late Glacial Maximum. The African Humid Period (AHP) (15,000–5000 (cal) years BP) is registered in this palaeoecological record as well as the Younger Dryas event (about 12,500 (cal) years BP). Upward shift of Afromontane forest belt and expansion of ericoid communities at high altitudes were characteristic of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (about 10,000 (cal) years BP). The AHP which continues around 10,000 (cal) years BP after Younger Dryas, was interrupted by a dry episode around 8200 (cal) years BP. Principal aridisation trend during the last 5000 years was observed. Presumably the first traces of human activities in this area can be shown for up about 2500 (cal) years BP.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":39713918,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":39713918,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="39713918" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/17793399/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="33931103" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33931103/Holocene_hyrax_dung_deposits_in_the_afroalpine_belt_of_the_Bale_Mountains_Ethiopia_and_their_palaeoclimatic_implication">Holocene hyrax dung deposits in the afroalpine belt of the Bale Mountains (Ethiopia) and their palaeoclimatic implication</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3813276" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/EvgeniyaKuzmicheva">Evgeniya Kuzmicheva</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="40567338" href="https://addisababa.academia.edu/SolomonYirga">Solomon Yirga</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4090888" href="https://addisababa.academia.edu/HabteDebella">Habte Debella</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10920347" href="https://sevin.academia.edu/EvgeniyaKuzmicheva">Evgeniya Kuzmicheva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The results of pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating are presented for two hyrax dung deposits from rock shelters found in the Afroalpine zone of the Bale Mountains (South-Central Ethiopia). Deposits accumulated from about 15,000 to 1500 (cal) years BP and from 7000 (cal) years BP till nowadays, respectively. Pollen spectra of the initial stages of deposit development (up to 15,000 (cal) years BP) correlate with unfavourable conditions in the Late Glacial Maximum. The African Humid Period (AHP) (15,000–5000 (cal) years BP) is registered in this palaeoecological record as well as the Younger Dryas event (about 12,500 (cal) years BP). Upward shift of Afromontane forest belt and expansion of ericoid communities at high altitudes were characteristic of the Pleistocene/Holocene transition (about 10,000 (cal) years BP). The AHP which continues around 10,000 (cal) years BP after Younger Dryas, was interrupted by a dry episode around 8200 (cal) years BP. Principal aridisation trend during the last 5000 years was observed. 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data-author-id="3718780" href="https://utah.academia.edu/TylerFaith">Tyler Faith</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Paleoenvironmental change in the late Middle Pleistocene–Holocene Kibish Formation, southern Ethiopia: Evidence from ungulate isotopic ecology","attachmentId":45387702,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25065302/Paleoenvironmental_change_in_the_late_Middle_Pleistocene_Holocene_Kibish_Formation_southern_Ethiopia_Evidence_from_ungulate_isotopic_ecology","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25065302/Paleoenvironmental_change_in_the_late_Middle_Pleistocene_Holocene_Kibish_Formation_southern_Ethiopia_Evidence_from_ungulate_isotopic_ecology"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="1526348" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1526348/Hominid_environments_at_Hadar_from_paleosol_studies_in_a_framework_of_Ethiopian_climate_change">Hominid environments at Hadar from paleosol studies in a framework of Ethiopian climate change</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1623652" href="https://idahostate.academia.edu/MillionHailemichael">Million Hailemichael</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Human Evolution, 2008</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The amount and seasonal distribution of paleo-rainfall is a major concern of paleoanthropology because they determine the nature of the vegetation and the structure of the ecosystem, particularly in eastern Africa. The δ18O and δ13C of paleosol carbonates are quantitative proxies of these critical features of the paleoenvironment. The Afar region of Ethiopia lies between the African and Indian summer monsoons, and is prone to profound climate change. In the western Afar, the dominant paleoenvironment of the Hadar Formation during the late Pliocene was a major meandering river's distal low, flat floodplain, on which muds accreted that were continuously transformed into vegetated soils with Bk horizons rich in CaCO3. The mean δ13C of paleosols throughout the Hadar Formation translates to an average vegetative cover across the extensive floodplain of about 30% of the C4 grasses and 70% of unspecified C3 plants. The character of the paleosols, such as the one at Locality 333, and their δ18OCarbonate argue for a highly seasonal rainfall of about twice today's amount, implying that the C3 plants were mostly sizeable trees and that the biome for Australopithecus afarensis was a grassy woodland. The amount of grasses abruptly increased in the lower Busidima Formation with its early Homo and artifacts to a more open grassy woodland of ca. 50% grasses. However, this transition in δ13C is not mirrored in the δ18O, which persists at a quite negative average value of −6.4‰ over the entire >2-Myr duration of both formations. This value for the carbonate means that the paleosoil water was a quite negative −4.1‰, a significant 5‰ more negative than our estimate of modern rain at Hadar. We put the negative δ18O of paleo-Hadar's rainfall into an isotopic framework of the dynamic history of climate change in sub-Saharan northern Africa. There have been two end-member climate regimes: (1) an earlier persistently pluvial Pliocene regime, with its strong summer monsoon, as registered in the Hadar Formation; and (2) the modern cyclical, mostly arid regime that began ca. 1 Myr ago, which has been punctuated by about ten cyclically predictable brief millennia-long pluvial episodes. The best known pluvial of the latter regime is the latest one, the African Humid Period (AHP), just 9.0–6.5 kyr ago, whose δ18ORainfall matches that for paleo-Hadar. The known climatological factors that brought on the AHP are probably the same ones that were persistently present for the Afar of the Pliocene. This dynamic rainfall history undoubtedly has influenced hominid occupation of the keystone Afar area at the gateway out of, and into, Africa.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Hominid environments at Hadar from paleosol studies in a framework of Ethiopian climate change","attachmentId":50941793,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1526348/Hominid_environments_at_Hadar_from_paleosol_studies_in_a_framework_of_Ethiopian_climate_change","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/1526348/Hominid_environments_at_Hadar_from_paleosol_studies_in_a_framework_of_Ethiopian_climate_change"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="53670717" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53670717/Vegetation_and_climate_reconstruction_for_the_bale_mountains_Ethiopia_in_the_Holocene_according_to_the_pollen_analysis_and_radiocarbon_dating_of_zoogenic_deposits">Vegetation and climate reconstruction for the bale mountains (Ethiopia) in the Holocene according to the pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating of zoogenic deposits</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10920347" href="https://sevin.academia.edu/EvgeniyaKuzmicheva">Evgeniya Kuzmicheva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Doklady biological sciences : proceedings of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Biological sciences sections / translated from Russian, 2014</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Vegetation and climate reconstruction for the bale mountains (Ethiopia) in the Holocene according to the pollen analysis and radiocarbon dating of zoogenic deposits","attachmentId":70406072,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53670717/Vegetation_and_climate_reconstruction_for_the_bale_mountains_Ethiopia_in_the_Holocene_according_to_the_pollen_analysis_and_radiocarbon_dating_of_zoogenic_deposits","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/53670717/Vegetation_and_climate_reconstruction_for_the_bale_mountains_Ethiopia_in_the_Holocene_according_to_the_pollen_analysis_and_radiocarbon_dating_of_zoogenic_deposits"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="209658" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/209658/Leroy_S_and_Dupont_L_1994_Development_of_vegetation_and_continental_aridity_in_northwestern_Africa_during_the_Late_Pliocene_the_pollen_record_of_ODP_Site_658">Leroy S. and Dupont L., 1994. Development of vegetation and continental aridity in northwestern Africa during the Late Pliocene: the pollen record of ODP Site 658. </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="100798" href="https://brunel.academia.edu/SuzanneLeroy">Suzanne Leroy</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Leroy S. and Dupont L., 1994. Development of vegetation and continental aridity in northwestern Africa during the Late Pliocene: the pollen record of ODP Site 658. 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