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compensation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: executive compensation"> <meta name="keywords" content="executive compensation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="executive compensation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 669</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: executive compensation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">669</span> Research on Executive Compensation Incentives and Internal Control: Evidence from China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yinjie%20Han">Yinjie Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the impact of executive compensation incentives on internal control effectiveness and further analyzes the moderating role of digital transformation in this relationship. Through empirical analysis of relevant data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2012 to 2022, the results of the study show that there is a significant positive relationship between executive compensation incentives and internal control quality. Digital transformation plays an important moderating role in this relationship. Specifically, executive compensation incentives directly enhance the effectiveness of internal control by increasing executives' motivation and responsibility. At the same time, digital transformation further strengthens the positive impact of executive compensation incentives on the quality of internal controls by increasing information transparency and management efficiency. In addition, the study finds that the impact of executive compensation incentives on internal control quality is more significant in firms with higher levels of digital transformation. This study provides theoretical and practical guidance for enterprises to design and implement effective executive compensation incentives, promote digital transformation, and improve internal control quality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation%20incentives" title="executive compensation incentives">executive compensation incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20control" title=" internal control"> internal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20transformation" title=" digital transformation"> digital transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191941/research-on-executive-compensation-incentives-and-internal-control-evidence-from-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">668</span> Relative Composition of Executive Compensation Packages, Corporate Governance and Financial Reporting Quality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philemon%20Rakoto">Philemon Rakoto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most executive compensation packages consist of four major components: base fixed salary, annual and long-term non-equity incentive plans, share-based and option-based awards and pension value. According to agency theory, the relative composition of executive compensation packages is one of the mechanisms that firms use to align the interests of executives and shareholders in order to mitigate agency costs. This paper tests the effect of the relative composition of executive compensation packages on financial reporting quality. Financial reporting quality is measured by the value relevance of accounting earnings. Corporate governance is a moderating variable in the model. Using data from Canadian firms composing S&P/TSX index of the year 2013 and governance scores based on Board Games, the analysis shows that, only for firms with good governance, there is an optimal level of the proportion of executive equity-based compensation in relation to total compensation that enhances the quality of financial reporting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation%20packages" title=" executive compensation packages"> executive compensation packages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20reporting%20quality" title=" financial reporting quality"> financial reporting quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59751/relative-composition-of-executive-compensation-packages-corporate-governance-and-financial-reporting-quality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">667</span> Effects of an Economic Recession on Executive Compensation: A Panel Analysis of Listed Companies in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joaquim%20Rubens%20Fontes-Filho">Joaquim Rubens Fontes-Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Buchbinder"> Felipe Buchbinder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcelo%20Desterro"> Marcelo Desterro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to identify the effects of an economic recession on the compensation of executives of listed companies. Market-based and labor environment explanations have received particular attention, both to explain the reasons for a growth in this compensation and to indicate that they may increase agency problems rather than mitigate them. In this sense, labor forces, especially related to the market for executives, contribute to defining the terms of compensation packages and represent a significant external control mechanism to moderate agency problems, but may be of little effect if the executives are entrenched and concentrate enough power to have a say in his/her compensation. Based on a five-year data panel related to executive compensation in 250 listed companies in Brazil, we examine whether the economic recession in the last two years produced any impact in this compensation, controlling for the sector and level of governance of the company. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20problems" title="agency problems">agency problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation" title=" executive compensation"> executive compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20mechanisms" title=" control mechanisms"> control mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81769/effects-of-an-economic-recession-on-executive-compensation-a-panel-analysis-of-listed-companies-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">666</span> The Contemporary Dynamics of Board Composition and Executive Compensation for R&D Spending</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farheen%20Akram">Farheen Akram</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Research and Development (R&D) is the most crucial element of the firm’s survival in a competitive business environment. R&D is a long-term investment; therefore, executives having the power to make the investment decisions may be pessimistic when their compensation is closely linked with short-term firm performance. Thus, the current study investigates the impact of board composition and executives’ compensation (cash or short-term benefits and LTIs) on R&D spending using a sample of 85 S&P/100 firms listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in 2017. SmartPLS (v.3.2.7) was used to evaluate the proposed model of current research. The empirical findings of this study indicate that board composition has a significant and positive effect on R&D spending. While, as expected, executive cash compensation has negative and Long-Term-Incentives (LTIs) has a positive impact on R&D spending. Based on current findings, the study suggested that myopic behavior of CEOs and top management towards long-term value creation investment like R&D can be controlled by using long-term compensation rewards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cash%20compensation" title="cash compensation">cash compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTIs" title=" LTIs"> LTIs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20composition" title=" board composition"> board composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R%26D%20spending" title=" R&D spending"> R&D spending</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116057/the-contemporary-dynamics-of-board-composition-and-executive-compensation-for-rd-spending" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">665</span> An Empirical Examination of the Determinant of the Financial CEOs’ Compensation for the Post-Financial Crisis Period</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunsup%20Daniel%20Shim">Eunsup Daniel Shim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jooh%20Lee"> Jooh Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The US financial crisis of 2008 and subsequent Global Financial Crisis were considered by many economists the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. As a results, Dodd-Frank Act has passed and aims '(1) to promote the financial stability of the United States by improving accountability and transparency in the financial system, to end "too big to fail", (2) to protect the American taxpayer by ending bailouts, (3) to protect consumers from abusive financial services practices, and for other purposes.' The enactment of Dodd-Frank Act, in part, intended to significantly influence accountability on executive compensation especially for the financial institutions. This paper empirically investigates the changes in Financial CEOs’ compensation since the Financial Crisis of 2008. Our findings show that in the post- Financial Crisis period financial leverage is significant factor influencing the CEOs’ total compensation. In addition market based performance such as stock price and market-to-book ratio shows significant positive relationship with CEO compensation. This change can be interpreted an attempt to reduce opportunistic behavior of top executives after the financial crisis and the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20CEO%20compensation" title="financial CEO compensation">financial CEO compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20performance" title=" firm performance"> firm performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20crisis%20of%202008" title=" financial crisis of 2008"> financial crisis of 2008</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dodd-frank%20act" title=" dodd-frank act"> dodd-frank act</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2662/an-empirical-examination-of-the-determinant-of-the-financial-ceos-compensation-for-the-post-financial-crisis-period" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">664</span> Transfigurative Changes of Governmental Responsibility </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81kos%20Cserny">Ákos Cserny</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The unequivocal increase of the area of operation of the executive power can happen with the appearance of new areas to be influenced and its integration in the power, or at the expense of the scopes of other organs with public authority. The extension of the executive can only be accepted within the framework of the rule of law if parallel with this process we get constitutional guarantees that the exercise of power is kept within constitutional framework. Failure to do so, however, may result in the lack, deficit of democracy and democratic sense, and may cause an overwhelming dominance of the executive power. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to present executive power and responsibility in the context of different dimensions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confidence" title="confidence">confidence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitution" title=" constitution"> constitution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20power" title=" executive power"> executive power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liabiliy" title=" liabiliy"> liabiliy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parliamentarism" title=" parliamentarism"> parliamentarism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48359/transfigurative-changes-of-governmental-responsibility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">663</span> Corporate Governance and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20C.%20Surya%20Bahadur">G. C. Surya Bahadur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjana%20Kothari"> Ranjana Kothari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper attempts to analyze linkages between corporate governance and firm performance in India. The study employs a panel data of 50 Nifty companies from 2008 to 2012. Using LSDV panel data model and 2SLS model the study reveals that that good corporate governance practices adopted by companies is positively related with financial performance. Board independence, number of board committees and executive compensation are found to have positive relationship while ownership by promoters and financial leverage have negative relationship with performance. There is existence of bi-directional relationship between corporate governance and financial performance. Companies with sound financial performance are more likely to conform to corporate governance norms and standards and implement sound corporate governance system. The findings indicate that companies can enhance business performance and sustainability by embracing sound corporate governance practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20structure" title="board structure">board structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20compensation" title=" executive compensation"> executive compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ownership%20structure" title=" ownership structure"> ownership structure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27875/corporate-governance-and-firm-performance-empirical-evidence-from-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">662</span> Compensation Analysis on Secondary Public Hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Fang">Wei Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jian%20Jun%20Gu"> Jian Jun Gu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Di%20Xue"> Di Xue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To analyze the employee compensation status of secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai in order to provide information for compensation reform of public hospitals in Shanghai and as well as in China. Methods: We surveyed all 15 secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai to collect hospital annual compensation data for their employees and to investigate their suggestions for compensation reform in public hospitals in China. We also collected related annual compensation data of employees in Shanghai and of physicians in the USA from Shanghai statistical Yearbook 2013 and from Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor. Results: The average annual compensation for the employees in secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai in 2012 was 2.65 times of that for overall employees in Shanghai. The physician’s compensation in these public hospitals was relatively lower than that in the USA. Conclusion: The physicians’ compensation in the secondary public hospitals of Pudong New Area in Shanghai should be increased rationally and new compensation reform in public hospitals in Shanghai should be carefully designed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resource" title="human resource">human resource</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20hospital" title=" public hospital"> public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shanghai" title=" Shanghai"> Shanghai</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42481/compensation-analysis-on-secondary-public-hospitals-of-pudong-new-area-in-shanghai" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">661</span> Rail-To-Rail Output Op-Amp Design with Negative Miller Capacitance Compensation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhaned%20Zaidi">Muhaned Zaidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ian%20Grout"> Ian Grout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Khari%20bin%20A%E2%80%99ain"> Abu Khari bin A’ain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a two-stage op-amp design is considered using both Miller and negative Miller compensation techniques. The first op-amp design uses Miller compensation around the second amplification stage, whilst the second op-amp design uses negative Miller compensation around the first stage and Miller compensation around the second amplification stage. The aims of this work were to compare the gain and phase margins obtained using the different compensation techniques and identify the ability to choose either compensation technique based on a particular set of design requirements. The two op-amp designs created are based on the same two-stage rail-to-rail output CMOS op-amp architecture where the first stage of the op-amp consists of differential input and cascode circuits, and the second stage is a class AB amplifier. The op-amps have been designed using a 0.35mm CMOS fabrication process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=op-amp" title="op-amp">op-amp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail-to-rail%20output" title=" rail-to-rail output"> rail-to-rail output</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miller%20compensation" title=" Miller compensation"> Miller compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negative%20Miller%20capacitance" title=" Negative Miller capacitance"> Negative Miller capacitance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58421/rail-to-rail-output-op-amp-design-with-negative-miller-capacitance-compensation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58421.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">660</span> The Role of the Municipal Executive in the Process of Creating a Smart City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Bryla">Jakub Bryla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are now seen as business entities, and their executive body is similar to a chief executive officer. However, it is not enough for the legal system to provide a strong role for the executive branch. It seems that the authority must take the form of a managerial body. This solution answers the demands of smart governance, which in such a regulated relation between the unit head and the city see a guarantee of reliable implementation of the municipal strategy proposed during the recruitment and of the motivation to carry out statutory tasks to communes and their residents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20cities" title="smart cities">smart cities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20government" title=" local government"> local government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20organ" title=" executive organ"> executive organ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipality" title=" municipality"> municipality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city%20management" title=" city management"> city management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162742/the-role-of-the-municipal-executive-in-the-process-of-creating-a-smart-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162742.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">659</span> Allostatic Load as a Predictor of Adolescents’ Executive Function: A Longitudinal Network Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sipu%20Guo">Sipu Guo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silin%20Huang"> Silin Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Most studies investigate the link between executive function and allostatic load (AL) among adults aged 18 years and older. Studies differed regarding the specific biological indicators studied and executive functions accounted for. Specific executive functions may be differentially related to allostatic load. We investigated the comorbidities of executive functions and allostatic load via network analysis. Methods: We included 603 adolescents (49.84% girls; Mean age = 12.38, SD age = 1.79) from junior high school in rural China. Eight biological markers at T1 and four executive function tasks at T2 were used to evaluate networks. Network analysis was used to determine the network structure, core symptoms, and bridge symptoms in the AL-executive function network among rural adolescents. Results: The executive functions were related to 6 AL biological markers, not to cortisol and epinephrine. The most influential symptoms were inhibition control, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, and systolic blood pressure (SBP). SBP, dehydroepiandrosterone, and processing speed were the bridges through which AL was related to executive functions. dehydroepiandrosterone strongly predicted processing speed. The SBP was the biggest influencer in the entire network. Conclusions: We found evidence for differential relations between markers and executive functions. SBP was a driver in the network; dehydroepiandrosterone showed strong relations with executive function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allostatic%20load" title="allostatic load">allostatic load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20function" title=" executive function"> executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20analysis" title=" network analysis"> network analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20adolescent" title=" rural adolescent"> rural adolescent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185201/allostatic-load-as-a-predictor-of-adolescents-executive-function-a-longitudinal-network-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185201.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">658</span> The Impact of Board of Directors on CEO Compensation: Evidence from the UK</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saleh%20Alagla">Saleh Alagla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murya%20Habbash"> Murya Habbash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper investigates whether the board of directors plays a monitoring role or not in CEO compensation for the UK firms during the eve of the recent financial crisis, 2004-2008. The use of heteroscedastic and autocorrelated error consistent estimation of the panel data shows, surprisingly, that four board characteristics variables are found to play a significant role in increasing the level of CEO compensation. This insightful result would suggest evidence of the managerial power theory in general and the cronyism hypothesis in particular. Moreover, the interesting evidence supporting managerial power perspective is that CEO-Chair duality reduces long-term compensation while increasing short-term compensation, thus suggesting that CEOs are risk averse who prefer short-term compensation to long-term compensation. Finally, consistent with the agency perspective board size is found to increase all compensation variables as expected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CEO%20compensation" title=" CEO compensation"> CEO compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title=" board of directors"> board of directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=internal%20governance%20mechanisms" title=" internal governance mechanisms"> internal governance mechanisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20theory" title=" agency theory"> agency theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20power%20theory" title=" managerial power theory"> managerial power theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cronyism%20hypothesis" title=" cronyism hypothesis "> cronyism hypothesis </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80249/the-impact-of-board-of-directors-on-ceo-compensation-evidence-from-the-uk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">803</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">657</span> An Examination of the Powers of the Executive to Continued Detention of Suspects in Disobedience to Court Orders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwuemeka%20Castro%20Nwabuzor">Chukwuemeka Castro Nwabuzor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 2015 Administration of Criminal Justice Act in Nigeria clearly sets out conditions for bail for felonies, lesser offenses and capital offenses. Even where the conditions for bail are met, granting an application for bail is not automatic as it is subject to the discretion of the court. Where the court, however, grants bail to an accused, the detaining authority which usually is the executive arm of government is bound to comply with the order of the court. This paper discusses the constitutionality of the continued detention of criminal suspects in disobedience to an order of the court and in the absence of an appeal. Particularly, the paper looks at the rights to personal liberty, the dignity of the human person and also the presumption of innocence which remains one of the crucial pillars of our criminal jurisprudence. The paper analyses the reasons posed by the executive for the continued detention of a suspect including State security and security of the suspect and questions whether the reasons are reasonable justifiable in a constitutional democratic society and whether they breach the principles of separation of powers. The paper concludes that the continued detention criminal of suspects in disobedience to court orders constitutes contempt of court and dishonours the principles of separation of powers enshrined in the Nigerian Constitution. This paper makes a strong case for the donation of more enforceable powers to the judiciary particularly with regards to the granting of compensation orders against the executive and ensuring compliance by the executive to bail orders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=breach%20of%20fundamental%20rights" title="breach of fundamental rights">breach of fundamental rights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contempt%20of%20court" title=" contempt of court"> contempt of court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretion%20of%20court" title=" discretion of court"> discretion of court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20to%20bail" title=" right to bail"> right to bail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=separation%20of%20powers" title=" separation of powers"> separation of powers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89683/an-examination-of-the-powers-of-the-executive-to-continued-detention-of-suspects-in-disobedience-to-court-orders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">656</span> Aligning Organizational Culture and Compensation Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giuseppe%20Maria%20Russo">Giuseppe Maria Russo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patr%C3%ADcia%20Am%C3%A9lia%20Tomei"> Patrícia Amélia Tomei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ant%C3%B4nio%20Linhares"> Antônio Linhares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Moreira%20Santos"> André Moreira Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alignment between management strategies, policies and practices with organizational cultures holds great potential to meet the challenges of retaining professionals and maintaining their commitment. In this article, authors consider that when it is aligned with company strategy, compensation acts as an incentive for developing common visions within the organizational culture. This article verified the correlation between types of culture and compensation’s strategic components and provided inputs for the definition of strategies aligned with cultural typologies. We conclude that the impact of compensation variables varies according to the type of organizational culture. This result reinforces the theory that different cultures define different organizational strategies. Thus, compensation strategies may explain types of organizational culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title="compensation">compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Handy%E2%80%99s%20cultural%20typology" title=" Handy’s cultural typology"> Handy’s cultural typology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture" title=" organizational culture"> organizational culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rewards" title=" rewards"> rewards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35481/aligning-organizational-culture-and-compensation-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">660</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">655</span> Research on the Construction of Fair Use of Copyright and Compensation System for Artificial Intelligence Creation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shen%20Xiaoyun">Shen Xiaoyun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The AI-generated works must intersect with the right holder’s work, thus having a certain impact on the rights and interests of the right holder’s work. The law needs to explore and improve the regulation of the fair use of AI creations and build a compensation system to adapt to the development of the times. The development of AI technology has brought about problems such as the unclear relationship between fair use and infringement of copyright, the unclear general terms and conditions of application, and the incomplete criteria for judging at different stages. Through different theoretical methods, the legitimacy of the rational use of the system can be demonstrated. The compensation standard for fair use of copyright in AI creation can refer to the market pricing of the right holder's work, and the compensation can construct a formula for the amount of damages for AI copyright infringement, and construct the compensation standard based on the main factors affecting the market value of the work, so as to provide a reference for the construction of a compensation system for fair use of works generated by AI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20acts" title=" creative acts"> creative acts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fair%20use%20of%20copyright" title=" fair use of copyright"> fair use of copyright</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copyright%20compensation%20system" title=" copyright compensation system"> copyright compensation system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192223/research-on-the-construction-of-fair-use-of-copyright-and-compensation-system-for-artificial-intelligence-creation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">654</span> The Influence of Remuneration Committees, Directors' Shareholding and Institutional Ownership on the Remuneration of Directors in the Large Listed Companies in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henriette%20Scholtz">Henriette Scholtz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excessive executive directors’ remuneration remains a major concern for many stakeholders and are some of the factors to blame for the recent global financial crisis. The objective of this study was to examine whether certain firm characteristics are an effective way of protecting shareholders’ interests with respect to executive directors’ remuneration. To achieve this, an ordinary least squares model was used to test the relationship between the remuneration of executive directors and a number of firm and corporate governance characteristics to determine whether these characteristics have an influence on executive directors’ remuneration of large listed companies in South Africa. It was found that corporate governance reforms relating to institutional ownership, shareholder voting on the remuneration policy and the number of remuneration committee meetings acts as an effective governance tool to protect shareholder’s interests with regard to executive remuneration. There is no evidence that the number of non-executive directors on the remuneration committee has an influence on the executive directors’ remuneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20directors%E2%80%99%20remuneration" title="executive directors’ remuneration">executive directors’ remuneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agency%20theory" title=" agency theory"> agency theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title=" corporate governance"> corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remuneration%20committee" title=" remuneration committee"> remuneration committee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=directors%E2%80%99%20shareholding" title=" directors’ shareholding"> directors’ shareholding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20ownership" title=" institutional ownership"> institutional ownership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77642/the-influence-of-remuneration-committees-directors-shareholding-and-institutional-ownership-on-the-remuneration-of-directors-in-the-large-listed-companies-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77642.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">653</span> Chief Financial Officer Compensation in Mergers and Acquisitions Activities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Bugeja">Martin Bugeja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Spiropolos"> Helen Spiropolos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a sample of U.S. firms during the period 1993-2015, this study examines whether mergers and acquisitions (M&A) impact the compensation of the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) in the bidding and integration phases of M&As. The study finds that after controlling for CEO power, CFOs’ total compensation is higher during M&A years and is driven by higher equity incentives. These results are robust to controlling for self-selection. Furthermore, CFOs receive a greater bonus during the year of acquisition and the year prior. The study also investigates if CFO compensation during M&A years is driven by M&A characteristics and finds that deal size and diversification are positively related to total compensation while completion time is negatively related. The results are robust to a number of sensitivity tests and additional analyses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chief%20financial%20officer" title="chief financial officer">chief financial officer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mergers" title=" mergers"> mergers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisitions" title=" acquisitions"> acquisitions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180384/chief-financial-officer-compensation-in-mergers-and-acquisitions-activities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">652</span> A Pilot Study on the Sensory Processing Difficulty Pattern Association between the Hot and Cold Executive Function Deficits in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Deficit Child</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Fen%20Fan">Sheng-Fen Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Hui%20Tseng"> Sung-Hui Tseng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Attention deficit hyperactivity deficit (ADHD) child display diverse sensory processing difficulty behaviors. There is less evidence to figure out how the association between executive function and sensory deficit. To determine whether sensory deficit influence the executive functions, we examined sensory processing by SPM and try to indicate hot/cold executive function (EF) by BRIEF2, respectively. We found that the hot executive function deficit might associate with auditory processing in a variety of settings, and vestibular input to maintain balance and upright posture; the cold EF deficit might opposite to the hot EF deficit, the vestibular sensory modulation difficulty association with emotion shifting and emotional regulation. These results suggest that sensory processing might be another consideration factor to influence the higher cognitive control or emotional regulation of EF. Overall, this study indicates the distinction between hot and cold EF impairments with different sensory modulation problem. Moreover, for clinician, it needs more cautious consideration to conduct intervention with ADHD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20executive%20function" title="hot executive function">hot executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20executive%20function" title=" cold executive function"> cold executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20processing" title=" sensory processing"> sensory processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADHD" title=" ADHD"> ADHD</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81479/a-pilot-study-on-the-sensory-processing-difficulty-pattern-association-between-the-hot-and-cold-executive-function-deficits-in-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-deficit-child" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">651</span> The Relationship Between Hourly Compensation and Unemployment Rate Using the Panel Data Regression Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20K.%20Ashiquer%20Rahman">S. K. Ashiquer Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> the paper concentrations on the importance of hourly compensation, emphasizing the significance of the unemployment rate. There are the two most important factors of a nation these are its unemployment rate and hourly compensation. These are not merely statistics but they have profound effects on individual, families, and the economy. They are inversely related to one another. When we consider the unemployment rate that will probably decline as hourly compensations in manufacturing rise. But when we reduced the unemployment rates and increased job prospects could result from higher compensation. That’s why, the increased hourly compensation in the manufacturing sector that could have a favorable effect on job changing issues. Moreover, the relationship between hourly compensation and unemployment is complex and influenced by broader economic factors. In this paper, we use panel data regression models to evaluate the expected link between hourly compensation and unemployment rate in order to determine the effect of hourly compensation on unemployment rate. We estimate the fixed effects model, evaluate the error components, and determine which model (the FEM or ECM) is better by pooling all 60 observations. We then analysis and review the data by comparing 3 several countries (United States, Canada and the United Kingdom) using panel data regression models. Finally, we provide result, analysis and a summary of the extensive research on how the hourly compensation effects on the unemployment rate. Additionally, this paper offers relevant and useful informational to help the government and academic community use an econometrics and social approach to lessen on the effect of the hourly compensation on Unemployment rate to eliminate the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hourly%20compensation" title="hourly compensation">hourly compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unemployment%20rate" title=" Unemployment rate"> Unemployment rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=panel%20data%20regression%20models" title=" panel data regression models"> panel data regression models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dummy%20variables" title=" dummy variables"> dummy variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20effects%20model" title=" random effects model"> random effects model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20effects%20model" title=" fixed effects model"> fixed effects model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20linear%20regression%20model" title=" the linear regression model"> the linear regression model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183027/the-relationship-between-hourly-compensation-and-unemployment-rate-using-the-panel-data-regression-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">650</span> A Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryl%20Abigail%20Lucasan">Meryl Abigail Lucasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research paper is to present a Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria, focusing with the Federal President, Cabinet members (Federal Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor and the other Federal Ministers) and the State Government. In this paper, the roles and powers of the executive authorities of Austria will be enumerated and explained; and the behavior of the executive authorities of Austria will be described in detail. In addition, the researcher will provide a survey that was answered by an Austrian citizen through electronic mail to gain more concrete information about the current political condition in Austria. Based on research, Austria has a remarkable political stability. This paper will develop a conceptual framework or a sample paradigm to represent the political system in Austria, focusing on its states and Executive Authorities in achieving political stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austrian%20politics" title="Austrian politics">Austrian politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20branch%20of%20the%20government" title=" executive branch of the government"> executive branch of the government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=federal%20government" title=" federal government"> federal government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability" title=" political stability"> political stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144/a-single-country-comparative-contextual-description-study-of-the-executive-authorities-in-austria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">649</span> Important Management Competencies: University of Technology Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Courtley%20Pharaoh">Courtley Pharaoh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20J.%20Visser"> D. J. Visser</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> University management is often caught between competing interests from stakeholders like students, trustees, donors, government and the community it serves. This study aimed to identify what management competencies are required by executive management members of universities of technology to effectively manage a university of technology in South Africa from the perspective of the executive management members. This exploratory study will make use of a qualitative methodology to establish what management competencies are deemed as important to manage a university of technology in South Africa from the executive management perspective. Due to the consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic, the study made use of online face-to-face interviews to ascertain from executive management members of universities of technology what the required management competencies needed by executive management members of universities of technology to effectively manage a University of Technology in South Africa. Qualitative Content Analysis was used to analyse the data collected. The findings of the study identified a total of 26 management competencies which were categorised into three groupings or themes. This study identified a list of required management competencies needed by executive management members of universities of technology to effectively manage a university of technology in South Africa, as per the lived experience of executive management members. The researcher recommends further studies at traditional and comprehensive universities and compares the results of those future studies with the results of this study. A comprehensive list of management competencies could then be identified, which could assist with the compilation of job descriptions of executive management members of universities in South Africa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20of%20technology" title="university of technology">university of technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20competencies" title=" management competencies"> management competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20management" title=" executive management"> executive management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20management%20members" title=" executive management members"> executive management members</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=important" title=" important"> important</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168780/important-management-competencies-university-of-technology-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168780.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">648</span> Development a Fine Motor and Executive Function Assessment (FiM&EF) for Assessing School Aged Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Negar%20Miri-Lavasani">Negar Miri-Lavasani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Children with Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show fine motor skills difficulties, and it is controversial whether this difficulty is based on problems in their fine motor skills or their executive function impairments. Objectives of Study: The Fine Motor and Executive Function assessment tool (FiM&EF) was developed to answer the question, ‘Do the fine motor skill deficits in children with ADHD come from their fine motor problems or is it caused by their executive function problems?’. This paper describes the development of a new assessment of Fine Motor and Executive Function (FiM &EF) needed by primary school students with ADHD aged 6-12 years with ADHD. Methods: A study on the content validity established through a survey of a panel of nine experts is explained in detail. Findings: Most the experts agreed such an assessment was needed and two items were deleted as a result of experts’ feedback. Relevance to Clinical Practice: Distinguishing the main reason of fine motor problem in these children could help the clinician for their therapy plans. Knowledge on the influence of executive functioning on fine motor ability in selected age children with ADHD would provide a clearer clinical picture of the fine motor capabilities and executive function for these children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%20with%20ADHD" title="children with ADHD">children with ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20function" title=" executive function"> executive function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fine%20motor" title=" fine motor"> fine motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test" title=" test"> test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77892/development-a-fine-motor-and-executive-function-assessment-fimef-for-assessing-school-aged-children-with-attention-deficithyperactivity-disorder-adhd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">647</span> Directors’ Compensation: Analyzing the Multilevel Factors That Exert the Greatest Influence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Acero">Isabel Acero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuria%20Alcalde"> Nuria Alcalde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The economic crisis and notorious corporate scandals have caused social indignation and sparked the debate concerning the underlying rationality of the compensation that directors receive. In this context, this study examines the determinants of the remuneration of directors in listed Spanish companies using individualized data. A multilevel methodology appropriate for this type of data has been used that allows us to differentiate between inter-company variations and intra-company variations. The results show that company size is the variable (at the company level) that exerts the greatest influence on the level of director´s compensation. One surprising finding is that the presence of independent directors on the board has a positive influence on remuneration. At the individual level, tenure and experience have a significant influence on the level of compensation, while the director´s level of education does not appear to have an effect on it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20directors" title="board of directors">board of directors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title=" compensation"> compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience" title=" experience"> experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilevel" title=" multilevel"> multilevel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenure" title=" tenure"> tenure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87177/directors-compensation-analyzing-the-multilevel-factors-that-exert-the-greatest-influence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">646</span> Critical and Strategic Issues in Compensation, Staffing and Personnel Management in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shonuga%20Olajumoke%20Adedoyinsola">Shonuga Olajumoke Adedoyinsola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Staffing and Compensation are at the core of any employment exchange, and they serve as the defining characteristics of any employment relationship. Most organizations understand the benefits that a longer term approach to staff planning can bring and the answer to this problem lies not in trying to implement the traditional approach more effectively, but in implementing a completely different kind of process for strategic staffing. The study focuses on critical points of compensation, staffing and personnel management. The fundamentals of these programs include the elements of vision, potential, communication and motivation. The aim of the paper is to identify the most important attributes of compensation and incentives, staffing and personnel management. Research method is the analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, logical, comparative and graphic representation. On the basis of analysis, the author presents the models of these systems for positive employee attitudes and behaviors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compensation" title="compensation">compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incentives" title=" incentives"> incentives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=staffing" title=" staffing"> staffing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personnel%20management" title=" personnel management"> personnel management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32794/critical-and-strategic-issues-in-compensation-staffing-and-personnel-management-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32794.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">645</span> Compensation Mechanism Applied to Eco-Tourism Development in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min%20Wei">Min Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapid development eco-tourism resources exploitation, the conflict between economy development and ecological environment is increasingly prominent. The environmental protection laws, however, are lack of necessary legal support to use market mechanism and economic means to carry out ecological compensation and promote the environmental protection. In order to protect the sustainable utilization of eco-tourism resources and the benign development of the interests of various stakeholders, protection of ecological compensation balance should be put on schedule. The main role of institutional guarantee in eco-tourism resources' value compensation mechanism is to solve the question 'how to guarantee compensation'. The evaluation of the game model in this paper reveals that interest balance of stakeholders is an important cornerstone to obtain the sustainable development. The findings result in constructing a sustainable development pattern of eco- tourism industry based on tripartite game equilibrium among government, tourism enterprises and tourists. It is important that the social, economic and ecological environment should be harmonious development during the pursuit of eco-tourism growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20protection" title="environmental protection">environmental protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20compensation" title=" ecological compensation"> ecological compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-tourism" title=" eco-tourism"> eco-tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20mechanism" title=" market mechanism"> market mechanism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72450/compensation-mechanism-applied-to-eco-tourism-development-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72450.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">644</span> Architectural Engineering and Executive Design: Modelling Procedures, Scientific Tools, Simulation Processing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimiliano%20Nastri">Massimiliano Nastri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is part of the scientific references on executive design in engineering and architecture, understood as an interdisciplinary field aimed at anticipating and simulating, planning and managing, guiding and instructing construction operations on site. On this basis, the study intends to provide an analysis of a theoretical, methodological, and guiding character aimed at constituting the disciplinary sphere of the executive design, often in the absence of supporting methodological and procedural guidelines in engineering and architecture. The basic methodologies of the study refer to the investigation of the theories and references that can contribute to constituting the scenario of the executive design as the practice of modelling, visualization, and simulation of the construction phases, through the practices of projection of the pragmatic issues of the building. This by proposing a series of references, interrelations, and openings intended to support (for intellectual, procedural, and applicative purposes) the executive definition of the project, aimed at activating the practices of cognitive acquisition and realization intervention within reality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling%20and%20simulation%20technology" title="modelling and simulation technology">modelling and simulation technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20design" title=" executive design"> executive design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discretization%20of%20the%20construction" title=" discretization of the construction"> discretization of the construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20design%20for%20building" title=" engineering design for building"> engineering design for building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151503/architectural-engineering-and-executive-design-modelling-procedures-scientific-tools-simulation-processing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">643</span> Advancing Our Understanding of Age-Related Changes in Executive Functions: Insights from Neuroimaging, Genetics and Cognitive Neurosciences</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasaman%20Mohammadi">Yasaman Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Executive functions are a critical component of goal-directed behavior, encompassing a diverse set of cognitive processes such as working memory, cognitive flexibility, and inhibitory control. These functions are known to decline with age, but the precise mechanisms underlying this decline remain unclear. This paper provides an in-depth review of recent research investigating age-related changes in executive functions, drawing on insights from neuroimaging, genetics, and cognitive neuroscience. Through an interdisciplinary approach, this paper offers a nuanced understanding of the complex interplay between neural mechanisms, genetic factors, and cognitive processes that contribute to executive function decline in aging. Here, we investigate how different neuroimaging methods, like functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), have helped scientists better understand the brain bases for age-related declines in executive function. Additionally, we discuss the role of genetic factors in mediating individual differences in executive functions across the lifespan, as well as the potential for cognitive interventions to mitigate age-related decline. Overall, this paper presents a comprehensive and integrative view of the current state of knowledge regarding age-related changes in executive functions. It underscores the need for continued interdisciplinary research to fully understand the complex and dynamic nature of executive function decline in aging, with the ultimate goal of developing effective interventions to promote healthy cognitive aging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20functions" title="executive functions">executive functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroimaging" title=" neuroimaging"> neuroimaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20neuroscience" title=" cognitive neuroscience"> cognitive neuroscience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20memory" title=" working memory"> working memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20training" title=" cognitive training"> cognitive training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166514/advancing-our-understanding-of-age-related-changes-in-executive-functions-insights-from-neuroimaging-genetics-and-cognitive-neurosciences" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166514.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">67</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">642</span> Effect of Parameters for Exponential Loads on Voltage Transmission Line with Compensation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benalia%20Nadia">Benalia Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bensiali%20Nadia"> Bensiali Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerzouri%20Noura"> Zerzouri Noura</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an analysis of the effects of parameters np and nq for exponential load on the transmission line voltage profile, transferred power and transmission losses for different shunt compensation size. For different values for np and nq in which active and reactive power vary with it is terminal voltages as in exponential form, variations of the load voltage for different sizes of shunt capacitors are simulated with a simple two-bus power system using Matlab SimPowerSystems Toolbox. It is observed that the compensation level is significantly affected by the voltage sensitivities of loads. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20load%20model" title="static load model">static load model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shunt%20compensation" title=" shunt compensation"> shunt compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20system" title=" transmission system"> transmission system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exponentiel%20load%20model" title=" exponentiel load model"> exponentiel load model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41469/effect-of-parameters-for-exponential-loads-on-voltage-transmission-line-with-compensation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">641</span> Simulink Library for Reference Current Generation in Active DC Traction Substations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mihaela%20Popescu">Mihaela Popescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandru%20Bitoleanu"> Alexandru Bitoleanu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is focused on the reference current calculation in the compensation mode of the active DC traction substations. The so-called p-q theory of the instantaneous reactive power is used as theoretical foundation. The compensation goal of total compensation is taken into consideration for the operation under both sinusoidal and nonsinusoidal voltage conditions, through the two objectives of unity power factor and perfect harmonic cancelation. Four blocks of reference current generation implement the conceived algorithms and they are included in a specific Simulink library, which is useful in a DSP dSPACE-based platform working under Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results validate the correctness of the implementation and fulfillment of the compensation tasks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20power%20filter" title="active power filter">active power filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20traction" title=" DC traction"> DC traction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p-q%20theory" title=" p-q theory"> p-q theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simulink%20library" title=" Simulink library"> Simulink library</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27955/simulink-library-for-reference-current-generation-in-active-dc-traction-substations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">674</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">640</span> Impact of Series Reactive Compensation on Increasing a Distribution Network Distributed Generation Hosting Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moataz%20Ammar">Moataz Ammar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahdab%20Elmorshedy"> Ahdab Elmorshedy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The distributed generation hosting capacity of a distribution network is typically limited at a given connection point by the upper voltage limit that can be violated due to the injection of active power into the distribution network. The upper voltage limit violation concern becomes more important as the network equivalent resistance increases with respect to its equivalent reactance. This paper investigates the impact of modifying the distribution network equivalent reactance at the point of connection such that the upper voltage limit is violated at a higher distributed generation penetration, than it would without the addition of series reactive compensation. The results show that series reactive compensation proves efficient in certain situations (based on the ratio of equivalent network reactance to equivalent network resistance at the point of connection). As opposed to the conventional case of capacitive compensation of a distribution network to reduce voltage drop, inductive compensation is seen to be more appropriate for alleviation of distributed-generation-induced voltage rise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20generation" title="distributed generation">distributed generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20networks" title=" distribution networks"> distribution networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series%20compensation" title=" series compensation"> series compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voltage%20rise" title=" voltage rise"> voltage rise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67485/impact-of-series-reactive-compensation-on-increasing-a-distribution-network-distributed-generation-hosting-capacity" 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