CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Bert Bell - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"609f019f-5db3-455a-b387-81158ca69a34","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Bert_Bell","wgTitle":"Bert Bell","wgCurRevisionId":1276470016,"wgRevisionId":1276470016,"wgArticleId":4892,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from December 2021","Articles with permanently dead external links","Articles with dead external links from July 2021","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use mdy dates from January 2019","Short description is different from Wikidata","Pages using infobox military person with embed","Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter", "NFL player with coaching information","Infobox NFL biography with no defined positions","NFL player missing current team parameter","Articles with hCards","Commons category link from Wikidata","Good articles","1895 births","1959 deaths","American football quarterbacks","American people of Jewish descent","Anti-gambling advocates","Haverford School alumni","Military personnel from Philadelphia","National Football League commissioners","Penn Quakers football coaches","Penn Quakers football players","Philadelphia Eagles head coaches","Philadelphia Eagles owners","Pittsburgh Steelers coaches","Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches","Pittsburgh Steelers owners","Players of American football from Philadelphia","Playoff Bowl","Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees","Steagles players and personnel","Temple Owls football coaches","United States Army non-commissioned officers","United States Army personnel of World War I"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel": "wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Bert_Bell","wgRelevantArticleId":4892,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":70000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q4894971","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"], "GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar", "ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.17"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Bert_Bell_1949.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1646"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Bert_Bell_1949.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1097"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="878"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Bert Bell - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert_Bell"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert_Bell"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Bert_Bell rootpage-Bert_Bell skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages">Special pages</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bert+Bell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bert+Bell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Bert+Bell" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Bert+Bell" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_(1895–1932)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_(1895–1932)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Early life (1895–1932) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Early_life_(1895–1932)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Early life (1895–1932) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Early_life_(1895–1932)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-University_of_Pennsylvania_(1914–1919)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Pennsylvania_(1914–1919)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 University of Pennsylvania (1914–1919) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Pennsylvania_(1914–1919)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_career_(1920–1932)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career_(1920–1932)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Early career (1920–1932) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career_(1920–1932)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NFL_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NFL_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 NFL career </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-NFL_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle NFL career subsection </button> <ul id="toc-NFL_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Philadelphia_Eagles_(1933–1940)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philadelphia_Eagles_(1933–1940)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Philadelphia Eagles (1933–1940) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philadelphia_Eagles_(1933–1940)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pittsburgh_Steelers_(1940–1945)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pittsburgh_Steelers_(1940–1945)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Pittsburgh Steelers (1940–1945) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pittsburgh_Steelers_(1940–1945)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NFL_commissioner_(1946–1959)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NFL_commissioner_(1946–1959)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 NFL commissioner (1946–1959) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NFL_commissioner_(1946–1959)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Election,_Hapes-Filchock,_and_the_NFL_schedule_(1946–1948)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election,_Hapes-Filchock,_and_the_NFL_schedule_(1946–1948)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.1 Election, Hapes-Filchock, and the NFL schedule (1946–1948) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election,_Hapes-Filchock,_and_the_NFL_schedule_(1946–1948)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-AAFC–NFL_merger_(1948–1950)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#AAFC–NFL_merger_(1948–1950)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.2 AAFC–NFL merger (1948–1950) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-AAFC–NFL_merger_(1948–1950)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marketing_of_the_NFL_(1950–1956)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marketing_of_the_NFL_(1950–1956)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.3 Marketing of the NFL (1950–1956) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marketing_of_the_NFL_(1950–1956)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compromise_with_the_NFLPA_(1956–1957)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compromise_with_the_NFLPA_(1956–1957)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.4 Compromise with the NFLPA (1956–1957) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compromise_with_the_NFLPA_(1956–1957)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Final_days_(1958–1959)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Final_days_(1958–1959)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3.5 Final days (1958–1959) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Final_days_(1958–1959)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Legacy and honors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Head_coaching_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Head_coaching_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Head coaching record </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Head_coaching_record-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Head coaching record subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Head_coaching_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-NFL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NFL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 NFL </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NFL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Published_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Published_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Published works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Published_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Bibliography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Bibliography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Primary materials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secondary_materials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_materials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Secondary materials </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_materials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bert Bell</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 6 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-6" aria-hidden="true" > 6 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="بيرتن بيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيرتن بيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="Bert Bell – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bert Bell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="Bert Bell – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bert Bell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="Bert Bell – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bert Bell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="بيرتن بيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيرتن بيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB" title="バート・ベル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バート・ベル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4894971#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Bert_Bell" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Bert_Bell" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Bert_Bell" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&oldid=1276470016" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Bert_Bell&id=1276470016&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBert_Bell">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBert_Bell">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bert_Bell&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bert_Bell" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4894971" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American football player, coach, and executive (1895–1959)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Bert Bell</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Bert_Bell_1949.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Bell in an annual pass to NFL games at the White House in 1949" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Bert_Bell_1949.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="288" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="288" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Bell in 1949</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">De Benneville Bell</div> (1895-02-25)February 25, 1895 <div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">October 11, 1959(1959-10-11) (aged 64) <div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American football player</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><hr />American football career</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">High school:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Haverford_School" title="Haverford School">Haverford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Haverford,_Pennsylvania" title="Haverford, Pennsylvania">Haverford, Pennsylvania</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">College:</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers_football" title="Penn Quakers football">Penn</a> (1914–1919)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career history <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">As a coach:</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers_football" title="Penn Quakers football">Penn</a> (1920–1928) Assistant coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Owls_football" title="Temple Owls football">Temple</a> (1930–1932) Assistant coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles</a> (<a href="/wiki/1936_NFL_season" title="1936 NFL season">1936</a>–<a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a>) Head coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a> (<a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_season" title="1941 NFL season">1941</a>) Head coach</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">As a staff member / executive:</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li>Philadelphia Eagles (<a href="/wiki/1933_NFL_season" title="1933 NFL season">1933</a>–<a href="/wiki/1935_NFL_season" title="1935 NFL season">1935</a>) Owner</li> <li>Philadelphia Eagles (<a href="/wiki/1936_NFL_season" title="1936 NFL season">1936</a>–<a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a>) Owner, president & general manager</li> <li>Pittsburgh Steelers (<a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a>–<a href="/wiki/1946_NFL_season" title="1946 NFL season">1946</a>) Co-owner</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:3px;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/executives/BellBe0.htm">Executive profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career highlights and awards <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame">Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Head coaching record</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Career:</th><td class="infobox-data">10–46–2 (.190) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-weight:bold;">Military career</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service / branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1917–1918</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Army-USA-OR-08a.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Army-USA-OR-08a.svg/15px-Army-USA-OR-08a.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Army-USA-OR-08a.svg/23px-Army-USA-OR-08a.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Army-USA-OR-08a.svg/30px-Army-USA-OR-08a.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="175" /></a> <a href="/wiki/First_Sergeant" class="mw-redirect" title="First Sergeant">First Sergeant</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data">Mobile Hospital Unit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/coaches/BellBe0.htm">Coaching record</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Reference" title="Pro Football Reference">Pro Football Reference</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="pane notheme mw-no-invert" style="background-color: #ffbb00;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.profootballhof.com/players/bert-bell">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:#eee;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_the_NFL" title="Commissioner of the NFL">Commissioner of the NFL</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 11, 1946 – October 11, 1959</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Layden" title="Elmer Layden">Elmer Layden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Austin_Gunsel" title="Austin Gunsel">Austin Gunsel</a> (interim)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> De Benneville "Bert" Bell (February 25, 1895 – October 11, 1959) was an American professional <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">football</a> executive and coach. He was the fifth chief executive and second commissioner of the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL) from 1946 until his death in 1959. As commissioner, he introduced competitive parity into the NFL to improve the league's commercial viability and promote its popularity. Whereas Bell had become the chief executive in a sport that was largely seen as second-rate and heading a league still plagued by franchise instability, by his death the NFL was a financially sound sports enterprise and seriously challenging <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> for preeminence among sports attractions in the United States. Bell was posthumously inducted into the charter class of the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a>. Bell played football at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a>, where as <a href="/wiki/Quarterback" title="Quarterback">quarterback</a>, he led his team to an appearance in the <a href="/wiki/1917_Rose_Bowl" title="1917 Rose Bowl">1917 Rose Bowl</a>. After being drafted into the US Army during World War I, he returned to complete his collegiate career at Penn and went on to become an assistant football coach with the <a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers_football" title="Penn Quakers football">Quakers</a> in the 1920s. During the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a>, he was an assistant coach for the <a href="/wiki/Temple_Owls_football" title="Temple Owls football">Temple Owls</a> and a co-founder and co-owner of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles</a>. With the Eagles, Bell led the way in cooperating with the other NFL owners to establish the <a href="/wiki/NFL_draft" title="NFL draft">NFL draft</a> in order to afford the weakest teams the first opportunity to sign the best available players. He subsequently became sole proprietor of the Eagles, but the franchise suffered financially. Eventually, he sold the team and bought a share in the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a>. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Bell argued against the league suspending operations until the war's conclusion. After the war, he was elected NFL commissioner and sold his ownership in the Steelers. As commissioner, he implemented a proactive anti-gambling policy, negotiated a merger with the <a href="/wiki/All-America_Football_Conference" title="All-America Football Conference">All-America Football Conference</a> (AAFC), and unilaterally crafted the entire league schedule with an emphasis on enhancing the dramatic effect of late-season matches. During the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Television" title="Golden Age of Television">Golden Age of Television</a>, he tailored the game's rules to strengthen its appeal to mass media and enforced a policy of blacking out local broadcasts of home contests to safeguard ticket receipts. Amid criticism from franchise owners and under pressure from <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">Congress</a>, he unilaterally recognized the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League_Players_Association" title="National Football League Players Association">NFLPA</a> and facilitated in the development of the first pension plan for the players. He survived to oversee the <a href="/wiki/1958_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1958 NFL Championship Game">"Greatest Game Ever Played"</a> and to envision what the league would become in the future. As commissioner, Bell oversaw the <a href="/wiki/Desegregation_in_the_United_States" title="Desegregation in the United States">integration</a> of the NFL. Although <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pollard" title="Fritz Pollard">Fritz Pollard</a> was the first African American to play in the NFL, appearing with three teams from 1922 to 1926, a “<a href="/wiki/Gentleman%E2%80%99s_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Gentleman’s agreement">gentleman’s agreement</a>” among the owners kept the sport segregated for another 20 years. In 1946, four black players began playing in the NFL.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_(1895–1932)">Early life (1895–1932)</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life (1895–1932)">edit</a>]</div> Bell was born De Benneville Bell,<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> on February 25, 1895,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> to <a href="/wiki/John_C._Bell_(lawyer)" title="John C. Bell (lawyer)">John C. Bell</a> and Fleurette de Benneville Myers.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> His father was an attorney who served a term as the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Attorney_General" title="Pennsylvania Attorney General">Pennsylvania Attorney General</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LY3-5">[5]</a> His older brother, <a href="/wiki/John_C._Bell,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John C. Bell, Jr.">John C., Jr.</a>, was born in 1892.<a href="#cite_note-LY3-5">[5]</a> Bert's parents were very wealthy,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> and his mother's lineage predated the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> His father, a <a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers" title="Penn Quakers">Quaker</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> (class of 1884) during the <a href="/wiki/History_of_American_football" title="History of American football">early days of American football</a>,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> accompanied him to his first football game when Bell was six years old.<a href="#cite_note-Sully2324-9">[9]</a> Thereafter, Bell regularly engaged in football games with childhood friends.<a href="#cite_note-LY3-4-10">[10]</a> In 1904, Bell matriculated at the <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Academy" title="Episcopal Academy">Episcopal Academy</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delancey_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delancey School (page does not exist)">Delancey School</a> from 1909 to 1911 and then the <a href="/wiki/Haverford_School" title="Haverford School">Haverford School</a> until 1914.<a href="#cite_note-LY3-4-10">[10]</a> About this time, his father was installed as athletics director at Penn<a href="#cite_note-Sully2324-9">[9]</a> and helped form the <a href="/wiki/National_Collegiate_Athletic_Association" title="National Collegiate Athletic Association">National Collegiate Athletic Association</a> (NCAA).<a href="#cite_note-LY235-11">[11]</a> At Haverford, Bell captained the school's football, basketball, and baseball teams,<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> and "was awarded The Yale Cup [for being] 'The pupil who has done the most to promote athletics in the school.'"<a href="#cite_note-HAVERFORD-13">[13]</a> Although he excelled at baseball, his devotion was to football.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> His father, who was named a trustee at Penn in 1911,<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> said of Bell's plans for college, "Bert will go to Penn or he will go to hell."<a href="#cite_note-LY235-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Pennsylvania_(1914–1919)">University of Pennsylvania (1914–1919)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: University of Pennsylvania (1914–1919)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg/220px-1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg/330px-1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg/440px-1916_Penn_Quakers_backfield.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="477" /></a><figcaption>Bell (left) with <a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers_football" title="Penn Quakers football">Penn</a> teammates Ben Derr (center) and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Berry_(second_baseman)" title="Joe Berry (second baseman)">Joe Berry</a> in 1916</figcaption></figure> Bell entered the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> in the fall of 1914. He majored in English and joined the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Sigma" title="Phi Kappa Sigma">Phi Kappa Sigma</a> fraternity.<a href="#cite_note-LY5-7-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> In a rare accomplishment for a sophomore, he was named the starting quarterback by Penn coach <a href="/wiki/George_H._Brooke" title="George H. Brooke">George H. Brooke</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LY5-7-16">[16]</a> He also was a defender, punter, and punt returner.<a href="#cite_note-PENN_POSITIONS-18">[18]</a> After the team's 3–0 start, Bell temporarily shared possession of his quarterbacking duties until he subsequently reclaimed them later in the season,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> as Penn finished with a record of 3–5–2.<a href="#cite_note-MAC_1080-20">[20]</a> Prior to Penn's 1916 season, Bell's mother died while he was en route to her bedside.<a href="#cite_note-LY7-8-21">[21]</a> He started the first game for the Quakers under new coach <a href="/wiki/Bob_Folwell" title="Bob Folwell">Bob Folwell</a>, but mixed results left him platooned for the rest of the season.<a href="#cite_note-LY7-8-21">[21]</a> Penn finished with a record of 7–2–1.<a href="#cite_note-MAC_1080-20">[20]</a> However, the Quakers secured an invitation to the <a href="/wiki/1917_Rose_Bowl" title="1917 Rose Bowl">1917 Rose Bowl</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Ducks" title="Oregon Ducks">Oregon Ducks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Bell had the best offensive gain for Penn during their 0–14 loss to <a href="/wiki/Oregon_Ducks_football" title="Oregon Ducks football">Oregon</a>, a 20-yard run, but was replaced late in the game at quarterback after throwing an interception.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In the 1917 season, Bell led Penn to a 9–2 record.<a href="#cite_note-MAC_1080-20">[20]</a> Following the 1917 season, Bell registered with a Mobile Hospital Unit of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> for <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and was deployed to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> in May 1918.<a href="#cite_note-LY1115-24">[24]</a> As a result of his unit participating in hazardous duty, it received a congratulatory letter for bravery from <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">General</a> <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LY1115-24">[24]</a> and Bell was promoted to <a href="/wiki/First_sergeant" title="First sergeant">first sergeant</a>.<a href="#cite_note-L16-20-25">[25]</a> After the war, Bell returned to the United States in March 1919.<a href="#cite_note-LY1115-24">[24]</a> He returned to Penn as captain of the team in the fall and again performed erratically.<a href="#cite_note-L16-20-25">[25]</a> The Quakers finished 1919 with a 6–2–1 record.<a href="#cite_note-MAC_1080-20">[20]</a> Academically, his aversion to attending classes forced him to withdraw from Penn without a degree in early 1920.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> His collegiate days ended with his having been a borderline <a href="/wiki/All-America" title="All-America">All-American</a>,<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> but this period of his life had proven that he "possessed the qualities of a leader."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career_(1920–1932)">Early career (1920–1932)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career (1920–1932)">edit</a>]</div> Bell assembled the Stanley Professionals in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> in 1920, but he disbanded it prior to playing any games because of negative publicity received by Chicago due to the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sox_Scandal" title="Black Sox Scandal">Black Sox Scandal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> He joined <a href="/wiki/John_Heisman" title="John Heisman">John Heisman</a>'s staff at Penn as an assistant coach in 1920, where he remained for several years.<a href="#cite_note-LY_22-23-30">[30]</a> At Penn, he was well regarded as a football coach, and after its 1924 season, he drew offers for, but declined, head-coaching assignments at other universities.<a href="#cite_note-LY_22-23-30">[30]</a> At least as early as 1926, his avocation was socializing<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> and frequenting <a href="/wiki/Saratoga_Race_Course" title="Saratoga Race Course">Saratoga Race Course</a>, where he counted as friends <a href="/wiki/Tim_Mara" title="Tim Mara">Tim Mara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Art_Rooney" title="Art Rooney">Art Rooney</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Preston_Marshall" title="George Preston Marshall">George Preston Marshall</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> In 1928, Bell tendered his resignation at Penn in protest over the emphasis on in-season scrimmages during practices by <a href="/wiki/Lud_Wray" title="Lud Wray">Lud Wray</a>, a fellow assistant coach.<a href="#cite_note-LY2527-33">[33]</a> Bell's resignation was accommodated prior to the start of the 1929 season.<a href="#cite_note-LY2527-33">[33]</a> Bell was then an employee of the <a href="/wiki/Ritz-Carlton" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritz-Carlton">Ritz-Carlton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>. At one point, he tried his hand as a stock broker and lost $50,000 (equivalent to $890,000 in 2023) during the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Crash_of_1929" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Crash of 1929">Wall Street Crash of 1929</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LY3032-34">[34]</a> His father bailed him out of his deprivation, and he returned to working at the Ritz.<a href="#cite_note-LY3032-34">[34]</a> From 1930 until 1932, he was a backfield coach for <a href="/wiki/Temple_Owls_football" title="Temple Owls football">Temple</a> in Philadelphia.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 1932, Marshall tried to coax Bell into buying the rights to an <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> franchise, but Bell disparaged the league and ridiculed the idea.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> When <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Scobey_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenn Scobey Warner">Pop Warner</a> was hired to coach Temple for the 1933 season, Warner chose to hire his own assistants, and Bell was let go by Temple.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="NFL_career">NFL career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: NFL career">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Philadelphia_Eagles_(1933–1940)">Philadelphia Eagles (1933–1940)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philadelphia Eagles (1933–1940)">edit</a>]</div> By early 1933, Bell's opinion on the NFL had changed, and he wanted to become an owner of a team based in Philadelphia.<a href="#cite_note-RPW56-95-38">[38]</a> After being advised by the NFL that a prerequisite to a franchise being rendered in Philadelphia was that the <a href="/wiki/Blue_law" title="Blue law">Pennsylvania Blue Laws</a> would have to be mollified,<a href="#cite_note-WWARPW-39">[39]</a> he was the force majeure in lobbying to getting the laws deprecated.<a href="#cite_note-WWARPW-39">[39]</a> He borrowed funds from <a href="/wiki/Frances_Upton" title="Frances Upton">Frances Upton</a>,<a href="#cite_note-LCMPW-40">[40]</a> partnered with Wray,<a href="#cite_note-LCMPW-40">[40]</a> and he procured the rights to a franchise in Philadelphia,<a href="#cite_note-LCMPW-40">[40]</a> purchasing the <a href="/wiki/Frankford_Yellow_Jackets" title="Frankford Yellow Jackets">Frankford Yellow Jackets</a> which he christened as the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles</a>, inspired by <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a>'s use of the American eagle symbol in choosing that name.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> After the inaugural <a href="/wiki/1933_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1933 Philadelphia Eagles season">1933 Philadelphia Eagles season</a>,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Bell married Upton at St. Madeleine Sophie Roman Catholic Church in Philadelphia.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Days later, his suggestion to bestow the winner of the NFL championship game with the <a href="/wiki/Ed_Thorp_Memorial_Trophy" title="Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy">Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy</a> was affirmed.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In <a href="/wiki/1934_NFL_season" title="1934 NFL season">1934</a>, the Eagles finished with a 4–7 record,<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> The Eagles' inability to seriously challenge other teams made it difficult to sell tickets,<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> and his failure to sign a talented college prospect<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> led him to adduce that the only way to bring stability to the league was to institute a draft to ensure the weakest teams had an advantage in signing the preeminent players.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> In 1935, his proposal for a draft was accepted,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> and in February 1936, the <a href="/wiki/1936_NFL_draft" title="1936 NFL draft">first draft</a> kicked off, at which he acted as <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Ceremonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of Ceremonies">Master of Ceremonies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Later that month, his first child, Bert Jr., was born.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In the Eagles' first three years, the partners exhausted $85,000 (equivalent to $1,870,000 in 2023),<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> and at a public auction, Bell became sole owner of the Eagles with a bid of $4,500 (equivalent to $99,000 in 2023).<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Austerity measures forced him to supplant Wray as head coach of the Eagles,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> wherein Bell led the Eagles to a 1–11 finish, their worst record ever.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> In December, an application for a franchise in Los Angeles was obstructed by Bell and <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Steelers" title="Pittsburgh Steelers">Pittsburgh Steelers</a> owner Rooney as they deemed it too far of a distance to travel for games.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> During the Eagles' 2–8–1 <a href="/wiki/1937_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1937 Philadelphia Eagles season">1937 season</a>,<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> his second child, <a href="/wiki/Upton_Bell" title="Upton Bell">John "Upton"</a>, was born.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> In the Eagles' first profitable season, <a href="/wiki/1938_NFL_season" title="1938 NFL season">1938</a>, they posted a 5–6 record.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> The Eagles finished 1–9–1 in <a href="/wiki/1939_NFL_season" title="1939 NFL season">1939</a> and 1–10 in <a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pittsburgh_Steelers_(1940–1945)">Pittsburgh Steelers (1940–1945)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pittsburgh Steelers (1940–1945)">edit</a>]</div> In December 1940, Bell conciliated the sale of Rooney's Steelers to <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Thompson_(American_football_owner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexis Thompson (American football owner)">Alexis Thompson</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Algeo:_16-62">[62]</a> and then Rooney acquired half of Bell's interest in the Eagles.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In a series of events known as the Pennsylvania Polka,<a href="#cite_note-Algeo:_16-62">[62]</a> Rooney and Bell exchanged their entire Eagles roster and their territorial rights in Philadelphia to Thompson for his entire Steelers roster and his rights in Pittsburgh.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Ostensibly, Rooney had provided assistance to Bell by rewarding him with a 20% commission on the sale of the Steelers.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Bell became the Steelers head coach and Rooney became the general manager.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> During the training camp of Pittsburgh's inaugural season with the nickname Steelers, Bell was buoyant with optimism about the team's prospect, but he became crestfallen after Rooney denigrated the squad and flippantly remarked that they looked like the "[s]ame old Steelers" (SOS).<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> After losing the first two games of the <a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_season" title="1941 NFL season">1941 season</a>, Rooney compelled Bell to resign as head coach.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> Bell's coaching career ended with a 10–46–2 record, his 0.179 winning percentage is second-lowest in NFL history to only <a href="/wiki/Phil_Handler" title="Phil Handler">Phil Handler</a>'s 0.105 for coaches with at least five seasons. And at 36 games under .500 he held the record for futility until <a href="/wiki/John_McKay_(American_football)" title="John McKay (American football)">John McKay</a> passed him in 1983 and <a href="/wiki/Marion_Campbell" title="Marion Campbell">Marion Campbell</a> passed him in 1988.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> His first daughter and last child, Jane Upton, was born several months after the season's conclusion.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> By 1943, 40% of the NFL rosters had been drafted into the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a> for <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> The resulting difficulty in fielding a full-strength squad led some owners to recommend the league should shut down until the war ended. Bell auspiciously argued against this as he feared they might not be able to resume operations easily after the war, and since <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> was continuing unabated, then they should also.<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> Throughout Bell's affiliation with the Steelers, he suffered monetarily and Rooney bought an increasing allotment of the franchise from him.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Compounding Bell's problems, <a href="/wiki/Arch_Ward" title="Arch Ward">Arch Ward</a> organized the <a href="/wiki/All-America_Football_Conference" title="All-America Football Conference">All-America Football Conference</a> (AAFC) in 1944 to displace the NFL's sovereignty in professional football.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> Ward's AAFC promptly began luring players to join the league,<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> which resulted in salaries being driven up drastically.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In <a href="/wiki/Bill_Dudley" title="Bill Dudley">Bill Dudley</a>'s contract proceedings with the Steelers, he attributed Bell's anxiety during the negotiations to the rivalry from the AAFC.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Furthermore, by the end of 1945, the Steelers were in their most economically perilous situation in its history.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NFL_commissioner_(1946–1959)">NFL commissioner (1946–1959)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: NFL commissioner (1946–1959)">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Election,_Hapes-Filchock,_and_the_NFL_schedule_(1946–1948)">Election, Hapes-Filchock, and the NFL schedule (1946–1948)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Election, Hapes-Filchock, and the NFL schedule (1946–1948)">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Elmer_Layden" title="Elmer Layden">Elmer Layden</a> was appointed the first NFL commissioner in 1941, but Ward appeared as dictating his hiring.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Layden tendered his resignation for personal reasons January 1946.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Bell, who was not well respected in Pittsburgh,<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> was elected to replace him.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> He received a three-year contract at $20,000 per year (equivalent to $310,000 in 2023),<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> and transacted a sale of his stake in the Steelers to Rooney,<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> albeit for a price Bell did not construe was full-value.<a href="#cite_note-Lyons-86">[86]</a> He was then immediately placed at the center of a controversy wherein the owners denied <a href="/wiki/Dan_Reeves_(NFL_owner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Reeves (NFL owner)">Dan Reeves</a> permission to relocate the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cleveland_Rams" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Cleveland Rams">Cleveland Rams</a> to <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-MDYL-87">[87]</a> Bell moderated a settlement, and, as a result, the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Rams" title="Los Angeles Rams">Los Angeles Rams</a> were formed.<a href="#cite_note-MDYL-87">[87]</a> As a precondition to the Rams leasing the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Coliseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles Coliseum">Los Angeles Coliseum</a>, they signed <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Washington_(American_football)" title="Kenny Washington (American football)">Kenny Washington</a>, which marked the beginning of the end of racial segregation on the field, but also caused "'all hell to break loose'" amidst the owners.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> The drawing up of a regular-season schedule had been a perennial source of contention among the NFL owners since the league's inception.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> The crux of the problem was the scheduling of games meant weighing the interest of owners who, early in the season, wanted their franchises to confront teams that drew the largest crowds, versus owners who wanted to play the weaker franchises to pad their team's win–loss record.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> The resultant impasse coerced the owners, in 1946, to confer upon Bell the sole discretion in developing the league's schedule.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> He utilized this responsibility to, early in the season, pit the weaker teams against other weak teams, and the strong teams against other strong teams.<a href="#cite_note-S26;RPW248-92">[92]</a> His goal was to augment game attendances by keeping the difference in team standings to a minimum as deep into the season as possible.<a href="#cite_note-S26;RPW248-92">[92]</a> On the eve of the <a href="/wiki/1946_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1946 NFL Championship Game">1946 championship game</a>, Bell was notified that <a href="/wiki/Merle_Hapes" title="Merle Hapes">Merle Hapes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Filchock" title="Frank Filchock">Frank Filchock</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants" title="New York Giants">New York Giants</a> had been implicated in a bribing scandal.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Filchock was sanctioned by Bell to play in the game but Hapes was suspended.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> At the next NFL owners' meeting, Bell was worried the repercussions from this event would lead to his firing.<a href="#cite_note-NYTH-96">[96]</a> However, he was pleasantly surprised to learn that his contract would be elevated to five years at $30,000 per year.<a href="#cite_note-LY129-97">[97]</a> Reinvigorated with renewed support, he persuaded the owners to allow him to put sudden-death overtime into the playoffs.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Subsequently, he wrote an anti-gambling resolution into the league constitution,<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> which empowered him with the ability to permanently ban any NFL associated personnel for betting on a game or for withholding information on a game being possibly fixed.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Furthermore, to obstruct gamblers from getting inside information, he secreted the names of officials he would assign to games,<a href="#cite_note-NYTH-96">[96]</a> and he directed each team to promulgate a precursory injury report which listed anyone who might not participate in a game.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Eventually, he lobbied to get every state in the US to criminalize the fixing of sporting events<a href="#cite_note-Lyons_a-102">[102]</a> and put employees on the payroll of the NFL to investigate potential betting scams.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="AAFC–NFL_merger_(1948–1950)">AAFC–NFL merger (1948–1950)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: AAFC–NFL merger (1948–1950)">edit</a>]</div> The NFL's struggle against the AAFC generated stress on wages,<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> attendance,<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> marketing,<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> and by <a href="/wiki/1949_NFL_season" title="1949 NFL season">1949</a>, it had prevented the NFL for showing a profit for three consecutive years.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> Bell and representatives from both leagues met to attempt a merger, but their efforts were fruitless.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> In an unrelated matter, he apprised the owners that attendance records had shown televising games locally had a negative impact on the sale of home tickets.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Nevertheless, he actualized the NFL's first television contract<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a>—the <a href="/wiki/1949_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1949 NFL Championship Game">1949 championship game</a>.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Simultaneously, he dealt with a lawsuit from <a href="/wiki/Bill_Radovich" title="Bill Radovich">Bill Radovich</a>, who had been <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_blacklist" title="Hollywood blacklist">blacklisted</a> for leaving the Lions and gaining employment with the AAFC.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Bell and the owners were advised by John C. Jr. that this lawsuit was potentially not winnable, and the ramifications from the outcome of the case weighed heavily on Bell.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> One of the primary impediments in an AAFC–NFL merger was the supposed violation of "territorial rights" claimed by Marshall.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> Eventually, Bell gathered enough support to effectuate a compromise with the AAFC.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> In late 1949, the leagues merged,<a href="#cite_note-L150_163_Mac_52-116">[116]</a> as three AAFC teams (the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_49ers" title="San Francisco 49ers">San Francisco 49ers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Colts_(1947%E2%80%931950)" title="Baltimore Colts (1947–1950)">Baltimore Colts</a>) joined the NFL; a fourth AAFC team (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Dons" title="Los Angeles Dons">Los Angeles Dons</a>) merged with the Los Angeles Rams, and the other AAFC teams disbanded.<a href="#cite_note-L150_163_Mac_52-116">[116]</a> Bell stayed on as commissioner<a href="#cite_note-L150_163_Mac_52-116">[116]</a> with his contract extended from five to ten years<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Seeking to capitalize on the publicity of the residual AAFC–NFL rivalry, he utilized "exquisite dramatic" and business sense and allocated the <a href="/wiki/1950_NFL_season" title="1950 NFL season">1950</a> opening game to a contest between the <a href="/wiki/1949_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1949 Philadelphia Eagles season">1949 champion Eagles</a> versus the perennial AAFC champion Browns.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> Feeling financially secure after the merger, he purchased his first home for himself and his family in <a href="/wiki/Narberth,_Pennsylvania" title="Narberth, Pennsylvania">Narberth, Pennsylvania</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lyons-86">[86]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Marketing_of_the_NFL_(1950–1956)">Marketing of the NFL (1950–1956)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Marketing of the NFL (1950–1956)">edit</a>]</div> In 1950, Bell originated a blackout rule into the NFL which forbid all teams to televise their home games within a 75-mile radius of their stadium – except for the Rams.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Consequently, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">United States Department of Justice</a> (DOJ) opened an investigation into a violation of the <a href="/wiki/Sherman_Antitrust_Act" title="Sherman Antitrust Act">Sherman Antitrust Act</a>.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> Rams attendance for 1950 dropped off by 50%,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> and this signaled a potential financial disaster.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In 1951, he licensed the <a href="/wiki/DuMont_Television_Network" title="DuMont Television Network">DuMont Television Network</a> to air the championship games for the next five years, and he stipulated that teams were free to develop their own television contracts independently.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> However, preceding the 1951 season, he reimposed the blackout rule on all teams in the league.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> The DOJ filed suit over this and Bell publicly retorted, "You can't give fans a game for free on TV and also expect them to go to the ballpark"; nevertheless, the suit was ordered to trial for January 1952.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> After the 1951 season ended, he gained unilateral control over the setting of a television strategy for the NFL.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> He negotiated a deal with DuMont, which granted it the rights to nationally broadcast one regular-season game every week,<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> and he directed that the income from this contract was to be shared equally between all the teams.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> In the DOJ's case, the judge ruled that the blackout policy was legal, but both Bell, and the franchises collectively, were enjoined from negotiating a TV contract;<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> Bell was ecstatic.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Later that year, Bell forced one of the owners of the Cleveland Browns to sell all of his shares in the team after Bell determined the owner had bet on Browns' football games.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Although he hated to fly,<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> at some indeterminate point, he visited the training camps of every team and lectured on the danger gamblers posed to the league.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> Bell authorized a <a href="/wiki/Pro_Bowl" title="Pro Bowl">Pro Bowl</a> to be held at the end of each season in order to showcase the talents of the best players.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> But in the early 1950s, on the field activities sometimes denigrated to borderline assault and battery<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> with teams' star players being viciously targeted by opposing players.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> He answered charges the league was too savage by saying, "'I have never seen a maliciously dirty football player in my life and I don't believe there are any.'"<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Nevertheless, he ordered broadcasts to follow a strict rule of conduct whereby TV announcers would not be permitted to criticize the game, and neither fights, nor injuries, could be televised by virtue in his belief that announcers were "'salesman for professional football [and] we do not want kids believing that engaging in fights is the way to play football.'"<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Bell was criticized for censoring TV broadcasts, a charge he dismissed as not pertinent because he believed he was not impeding the print media but only advertising a product.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> After CBS and NBC gained the rights to broadcast the games in 1956,<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> he advised the franchises to avoid criticizing the games or the officials, and forewarned that TV would give "'us our greatest opportunity to sell the NFL and everyone must present to the public the greatest games ... combined with the finest sportsmanship.'"<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> This relationship with television was the beginning of the NFL's rise to becoming America's most popular sport.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Compromise_with_the_NFLPA_(1956–1957)">Compromise with the NFLPA (1956–1957)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Compromise with the NFLPA (1956–1957)">edit</a>]</div> In <a href="/wiki/Radovich_v._National_Football_League" title="Radovich v. National Football League">Radovich v. National Football League</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> ruled in Radovich's favor and declared the NFL was subject to antitrust laws,<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> and the implication was that the legality of the draft and <a href="/wiki/Reserve_clause" title="Reserve clause">reserve clause</a> were dubious.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> Bell pressed a case in the media that the NFL should be exempted from antitrust regulations and proffered the league was a sport and not a business.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> He invited an investigation from Congress with respect to the court's ruling.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States House Committee on the Judiciary">House Judiciary</a> committee, chaired by <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Celler" title="Emanuel Celler">Emanuel Celler</a>—who believed the draft was illegal and should be abolished, convened in July 1957 to discuss the ramifications of the Radovich decision.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> <a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">Red Grange</a> and Bell testified at the committee's solicitation and argued the draft was essential to the sport's success.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Representatives of the NFLPA contradicted these statements and said the draft and the reserve clause were anti-labor, and it seemed as if Congress was going to accept their position.<a href="#cite_note-L1947-149">[149]</a> Faced with Congressional opposition, Bell formally recognized the NFLPA and declared he would negotiate with its representatives.<a href="#cite_note-L1947-149">[149]</a> However, Bell was speaking only for himself and without the auspices of the owners.<a href="#cite_note-ROONEY_78-150">[150]</a> At the next owners' meeting, Rooney admonished they either had to recognize the NFLPA or remove Bell as commissioner.<a href="#cite_note-ROONEY,_2007,_p._78.-151">[151]</a> In order to do this, they had to agree in a vote that required a super-majority.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> Bell unsuccessfully attempted to persuade the owners to permit the NFLPA to act as a bargaining agent for the players.<a href="#cite_note-S_63_O_57-153">[153]</a> However, he did reach a compromise with the owners to get them to acquiesce to some of the NFLPA's requests for salary standards and health benefits.<a href="#cite_note-S_63_O_57-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Final_days_(1958–1959)">Final days (1958–1959)</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Final days (1958–1959)">edit</a>]</div> For the 1958 season, the duration of timeouts was extended from 60 to 90 seconds<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> and Bell mandated officials call a few TV timeouts during each game — a change which triggered criticism from sportswriters.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1958_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1958 NFL Championship Game">1958 championship game</a> became the first NFL championship game decided in overtime,<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> and it was considered to be the greatest football game ever played.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> The game further increased football's marketability to television advertising,<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> and the drama associated with overtime was the catalyst.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> Years later, after witnessing Bell openly crying after the game, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Berry" title="Raymond Berry">Raymond Berry</a> attributed it to Bell's realization of the impact the game would have on the prevalence of the sport.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a> The death of Mara in February <a href="/wiki/1959_NFL_season" title="1959 NFL season">1959</a> unsettled Bell and he experienced a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a> later that month.<a href="#cite_note-LY_308-161">[161]</a> He converted to <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> that summer because of the lifelong urging of his wife,<a href="#cite_note-Lyons_a-102">[102]</a> Mara's death, and his enduring friendship with Rooney,<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> a practicing Catholic.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> Bell was advised by his doctor to avoid going to football games, to which he quipped, "I'd rather die watching football than in my bed with my boots off."<a href="#cite_note-LY_308-161">[161]</a> Bell and his children attended an <a href="/wiki/1959_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1959 Philadelphia Eagles season">Eagles</a> game on October 11 at <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Field" title="Franklin Field">Franklin Field</a> against the <a href="/wiki/1959_Pittsburgh_Steelers" class="mw-redirect" title="1959 Pittsburgh Steelers">Steelers</a> (both his old teams).<a href="#cite_note-LY275-164">[164]</a> The Eagles held complimentary box seats for him and guests to watch the game, but he preferred to buy his own tickets and sit with the other fans.<a href="#cite_note-LY275-164">[164]</a> Sitting towards the end of the field near the end zone during the fourth quarter of the game, he suffered a fatal heart attack and died later that day at the nearby <a href="/wiki/Hospital_of_the_University_of_Pennsylvania" title="Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania">university hospital</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ppgbell-165">[165]</a><a href="#cite_note-blczr-166">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> League Treasurer <a href="/wiki/Austin_Gunsel" title="Austin Gunsel">Austin Gunsel</a> was named interim <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_NFL_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the NFL Commissioner">NFL commissioner</a> for the rest of the season.<a href="#cite_note-agnabo-168">[168]</a> Afterwards, he was remembered as "a man of buoyant joviality, with a rough and ready wit, laughter and genuine humility and honesty, clearly innocent of pretense and [pretension]."<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> His funeral was held at Narberth's St. Margaret Roman Catholic Church and Monsignor Cornelius P. Brennan delivered the eulogy, as close friends and admirers attended the mass.<a href="#cite_note-LY312-170">[170]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dominic_Olejniczak" title="Dominic Olejniczak">Dominic Olejniczak</a> and all the extant owners of the NFL franchises were pallbearers.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> Bell was interred at Calvary Cemetery in <a href="/wiki/West_Conshohocken,_Pennsylvania" title="West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania">West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania</a>,<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> northwest of <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>. Bell had named Baltimore Colts owner <a href="/wiki/Carroll_Rosenbloom" title="Carroll Rosenbloom">Carroll Rosenbloom</a> as his <a href="/wiki/Executor" title="Executor">executor</a>. Bell had been Rosenbloom's <a href="/wiki/Backfield_coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Backfield coach">backfield coach</a> at Penn in the early 1950s, and later had convinced Rosenbloom to purchase the Colts after becoming commissioner. Rosenbloom owned the Colts in 1958 when they won the greatest game ever played, and brought greater national attention to the NFL. After Bell's death, Rosenbloom hired Bell's sons Upton and Bert Jr. to work for the Colts.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy_and_honors">Legacy and honors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Legacy and honors">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Designations</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><div style="border:4px solid navy; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pennsylvania_state_historical_markers" title="List of Pennsylvania state historical markers">Pennsylvania Historical Marker</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data">Bert Bell</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">City</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">November 22, 1997<a href="#cite_note-PHMC_Bert_Bell-174">[174]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">224-226 Haverford Ave., Narberth</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Marker text</th><td class="infobox-data">National Football League Commissioner, 1946-1959. Popularized professional football; elevated its ethical standards. Eagles owner; Steelers part-owner. Resided in Narberth. Frequented Davis's store here to discuss sport with local people, coaches, athletes.</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> Bell was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Professional Football Hall of Fame</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Lyons:_315-175">[175]</a> the Penn Athletics Hall of Fame,<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Sports_Hall_of_Fame" title="Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame">Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame</a>,<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> and Haverford's Athletic Hall of Fame.<a href="#cite_note-HAVERFORD-13">[13]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Football_Club" title="Maxwell Football Club">Maxwell Football Club</a>, which he founded in 1937,<a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> has presented the best NFL player of the year with the <a href="/wiki/Bert_Bell_Award" title="Bert Bell Award">Bert Bell Award</a> since 1959.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Playoff_Bowl" title="Playoff Bowl">Bert Bell Benefit Bowl</a> was exhibited in his honor from 1960 through 1969.<a href="#cite_note-Lyons:_315-175">[175]</a> A statue of Bell will be unveiled on October 25, 2024, at the University of Pennsylvania's Franklin Field.<a href="#cite_note-:0-180">[180]</a> The historical maker to Bell in Narberth, Pennsylvania is within blocks of his family's home at 323 Haverford Avenue.<a href="#cite_note-:0-180">[180]</a> Although he did not have the wherewithal to prevent the wholesale betting on games,<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> he was proactive in ensuring games were not tampered with by gamblers,<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> and he created the foundation of the contemporary NFL anti-gambling policy.<a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a> Bell was criticized as being too strict with his refusal to let sold-out games to be televised locally.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Nevertheless, his balancing of television broadcasts against protecting game attendance made the NFL the "healthiest professional sport in America",<a href="#cite_note-NYTH-96">[96]</a> and he was the "leading protagonist in pro football's evolution into America's major sport."<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> He had understood that the league needed a cooperative television contract with revenue-sharing, but he failed to overcome the obstacles to achieve it.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> He was portrayed by sportswriters as ensuring the owners treated the players fairly,<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> and his decision to recognize the NFLPA in the face of adversity from owners was a "master stroke" in thwarting Congressional intervention.<a href="#cite_note-L1947-149">[149]</a> After he initiated terms for a pension plan with the players in 1959, little progress was made with the NFLPA,<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> however, the first players' pension plan – the Bert Bell National Football League Retirement Plan – was approved in 1962.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> Bell's implementation of the draft did not show immediate results,<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> but it was "the single greatest contributor to the [league]'s prosperity" in its first eighty-four years.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> His original version of the draft was later ruled unconstitutional,<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a> but his anchoring of the success of the league to competitive balance has been "hailed by contemporaries and sports historians". Bell's belief in the efficacy of parity for the financial health of the league is best summarized by his most famous quotation, made to the press in November 1952 to explain an uptick in stadium attendance: <dl><dd>"The teams are so closely matched that on any given Sunday, any one team can beat any other team. Professional football has come down to the point where the psychological edge is the determining factor. Physically these teams are even, so it depends on the mental outlook of the squads to determine the winner. It's this factor that has made the game close and is bringing fans out to the ball parks."<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Head_coaching_record">Head coaching record</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Head coaching record">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NFL">NFL</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: NFL">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Team</th> <th rowspan="2">Year</th> <th colspan="5">Regular season</th> <th colspan="4">Postseason </th></tr> <tr> <th>Won</th> <th>Lost</th> <th>Ties</th> <th>Win %</th> <th>Finish</th> <th>Won</th> <th>Lost</th> <th>Win %</th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1936_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1936 Philadelphia Eagles season">PHI</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1936_NFL_season" title="1936 NFL season">1936</a> </th> <td>1</td> <td>11</td> <td>0</td> <td>.083</td> <td>5th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1937_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1937 Philadelphia Eagles season">PHI</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1937_NFL_season" title="1937 NFL season">1937</a> </th> <td>2</td> <td>8</td> <td>1</td> <td>.227</td> <td>5th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1938_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1938 Philadelphia Eagles season">PHI</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1938_NFL_season" title="1938 NFL season">1938</a> </th> <td>5</td> <td>6</td> <td>0</td> <td>.455</td> <td>4th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1939_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1939 Philadelphia Eagles season">PHI</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1939_NFL_season" title="1939 NFL season">1939</a> </th> <td>1</td> <td>9</td> <td>1</td> <td>.136</td> <td>5th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1940_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1940 Philadelphia Eagles season">PHI</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1940_NFL_season" title="1940 NFL season">1940</a> </th> <td>1</td> <td>10</td> <td>0</td> <td>.091</td> <td>5th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">PHI Total</th> <th>10</th> <th>44</th> <th>2</th> <th>.196</th> <th></th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>– </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/1941_Pittsburgh_Steelers_season" title="1941 Pittsburgh Steelers season">PIT</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/1941_NFL_season" title="1941 NFL season">1941</a> </th> <td>0</td> <td>2</td> <td>0</td> <td>.000</td> <td>5th in NFL Eastern</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">PIT Total</th> <th>0</th> <th>2</th> <th>–</th> <th>.000</th> <th></th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>– </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total</th> <th>10</th> <th>46</th> <th>2</th> <th>.190</th> <th></th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>–</th> <th>– </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Published_works">Published works</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Published works">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Bell, Bert, "The Money Game." <a href="/wiki/Liberty_(1924%E2%80%931950)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberty (1924–1950)">Liberty Magazine</a>, XIII (November 28, 1936), pp. 59–60.</li> <li>Bell, Bert, "Offensive Football." Popular Football, (Winter 1941), p. 111.</li> <li>Bell, Bert, "This is Commissioner Bell Speaking." Pro Football Illustrated, XII (1952), pp. 60–63.</li> <li>Bell, Bert; with Martin, Paul, "Do the Gamblers Make a Sucker Out of You?." Saturday Evening Post, CCXXI (November 6, 1948), p. 28.</li> <li>Bell, Bert; with Pollock, Ed, "Let's Throw Out the Extra Point." Sport, XV (October 1953), p. 24–25.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a></li> <li>Bell, Bert (1957). The Story of Professional Football in Summary. Bala Cynwyd, PA: National Football League.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nflpa.com/posts/meet-the-four-men-who-broke-the-nfl-s-color-line">"Meet Four Men Who Broke The NFL's Color Line"</a>. NFLPA.com. NFL Players Association. Retrieved February 18, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NFLPA.com&rft.atitle=Meet+Four+Men+Who+Broke+The+NFL%27s+Color+Line&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnflpa.com%2Fposts%2Fmeet-the-four-men-who-broke-the-nfl-s-color-line&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Didinger with Lyons: 6; cf. Claassen: 163, Yost: 54 </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> MacCambridge: 41; cf. Didinger with Lyons: 6, Rothe: 34, King: 20, Lyons: 1 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> Lyons: 1; cf. Didinger with Lyons: 6 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY3-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY3_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY3_5-1">b</a> Lyons: 3 </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> MacCambridge 2005: 41; cf. Lyons: 1–3 </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Lyons: 2 </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111224043414/http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/sports/football/1800s/1882.html">"Penn Football: Origins to 1901"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/sports/football/1800s/1882.html">the original</a> on December 24, 2011. Retrieved May 24, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Penn+Football%3A+Origins+to+1901&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archives.upenn.edu%2Fhisty%2Ffeatures%2Fsports%2Ffootball%2F1800s%2F1882.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sully2324-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sully2324_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sully2324_9-1">b</a> Sullivan: 23–24 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY3-4-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY3-4_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY3-4_10-1">b</a> Lyons: 3–4. </li> <li id="cite_note-LY235-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY235_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY235_11-1">b</a> Lyons: 2–3, 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Lyons: 4; cf. King: 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-HAVERFORD-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HAVERFORD_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HAVERFORD_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130128045118/http://www.mainlinemedianews.com/articles/2010/03/14/main_line_times/sports/doc4b97f33501911037333855.txt?viewmode=fullstory">"Bert Bell heads Haverford School Hall of Fame induction class"</a>. Main Line Times. Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame Foundation. March 14, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mainlinemedianews.com/articles/2010/03/14/main_line_times/sports/doc4b97f33501911037333855.txt?viewmode=fullstory">the original</a> on January 28, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Main+Line+Times&rft.atitle=Bert+Bell+heads+Haverford+School+Hall+of+Fame+induction+class&rft.date=2010-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainlinemedianews.com%2Farticles%2F2010%2F03%2F14%2Fmain_line_times%2Fsports%2Fdoc4b97f33501911037333855.txt%3Fviewmode%3Dfullstory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> Lyons: 5 </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Marquis: 286 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY5-7-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY5-7_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY5-7_16-1">b</a> Lyons: 5–7 </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Rothe: 34 </li> <li id="cite_note-PENN_POSITIONS-18"><a href="#cite_ref-PENN_POSITIONS_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZeitlin,_Dave2009" class="citation web cs1">Zeitlin, Dave (July 28, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604191358/http://www.upenn.edu/gazette///0909/pro06.html">"The Man Who Modernized Pro Football"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0909/pro06.html">the original</a> on June 4, 2010. Retrieved May 24, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Man+Who+Modernized+Pro+Football&rft.date=2009-07-28&rft.au=Zeitlin%2C+Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upenn.edu%2Fgazette%2F0909%2Fpro06.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> Lyons: 6–7 </li> <li id="cite_note-MAC_1080-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MAC_1080_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAC_1080_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAC_1080_20-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAC_1080_20-3">d</a> MacCambridge 2009: 1080 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY7-8-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY7-8_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY7-8_21-1">b</a> Lyons:7-8 </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> King: 21; cf. Lyons: 9 </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Lyons: 10 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY1115-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY1115_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY1115_24-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY1115_24-2">c</a> Lyons: 11–15 </li> <li id="cite_note-L16-20-25">^ <a href="#cite_ref-L16-20_25-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-L16-20_25-1">b</a> Lyons: 16–20. </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1920-01-13/ed-1/seq-12/;words=Bert+Bell?date1=1920&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=bert+bell&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2&index=2">"All American Selection Quits Quaker College"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New-York_Tribune" title="New-York Tribune">New-York Tribune</a>. January 13, 1920. p. 12.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=All+American+Selection+Quits+Quaker+College&rft.pages=12&rft.date=1920-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030214%2F1920-01-13%2Fed-1%2Fseq-12%2F%3Bwords%3DBert%2BBell%3Fdate1%3D1920%26rows%3D20%26searchType%3Dbasic%26state%3D%26date2%3D1922%26proxtext%3Dbert%2Bbell%26y%3D0%26x%3D0%26dateFilterType%3DyearRange%26page%3D2%26index%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Lyons: 20–21, MacCambridge 2005: 42, Willis: 310–311 </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> Lyons: 20; cf. Umphlett: 143–144 </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045211/1922-11-17/ed-1/seq-30/;words=Bert+Bell?date1=1920&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=bert+bell&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2&index=17">"How Did it Strike You"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Ledger_(Philadelphia)" title="Public Ledger (Philadelphia)">Evening Public Ledger</a>. November 17, 1922. p. 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Public+Ledger&rft.atitle=How+Did+it+Strike+You&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1922-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83045211%2F1922-11-17%2Fed-1%2Fseq-30%2F%3Bwords%3DBert%2BBell%3Fdate1%3D1920%26rows%3D20%26searchType%3Dbasic%26state%3D%26date2%3D1922%26proxtext%3Dbert%2Bbell%26y%3D0%26x%3D0%26dateFilterType%3DyearRange%26page%3D2%26index%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045211/1920-09-01/ed-1/seq-14/;words=MAXWELL+ROBERT?date1=1920&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=robert+maxwell&y=19&x=6&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2&index=19">Colleges Already Preparing for Football by Cleaning Out Cash Registers and Polishing Up Stars</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045211/1920-10-05/ed-1/seq-18/;words=Bert+BERT+BELL+Bell?date1=1920&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=bert+bell&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&index=2">"Widespread Baseball Probe Harmful for Pro Grid Sport; Bell Disbands Local Eleven"</a>. Evening Public Ledger. October 5, 1920. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Evening+Public+Ledger&rft.atitle=Widespread+Baseball+Probe+Harmful+for+Pro+Grid+Sport%3B+Bell+Disbands+Local+Eleven&rft.pages=18&rft.date=1920-10-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83045211%2F1920-10-05%2Fed-1%2Fseq-18%2F%3Bwords%3DBert%2BBERT%2BBELL%2BBell%3Fdate1%3D1920%26rows%3D20%26searchType%3Dbasic%26state%3D%26date2%3D1922%26proxtext%3Dbert%2Bbell%26y%3D0%26x%3D0%26dateFilterType%3DyearRange%26index%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045211/1920-10-01/ed-1/seq-18/;words=Bert+Bell?date1=1920&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1922&proxtext=bert+bell&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&index=9">Stanley Football Team Disbands</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-LY_22-23-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY_22-23_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY_22-23_30-1">b</a> Lyons: 22–23. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Lyons: 23–29 </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> Lyons writes, against all common sense, it was Jack Mara, Tim's son, as the person he befriended. Lyons: 23, 29 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY2527-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY2527_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY2527_33-1">b</a> Lyons: 25–27 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY3032-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY3032_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY3032_34-1">b</a> Lyons: 30–32 </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10D1FFD3C5F177A93C6A91789D95F4D8285F9&scp=2&sq=bert+bell&st=p">"Bell Signed by Temple"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. December 4, 1929. p. 42.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bell+Signed+by+Temple&rft.pages=42&rft.date=1929-12-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF10D1FFD3C5F177A93C6A91789D95F4D8285F9%26scp%3D2%26sq%3Dbert%2Bbell%26st%3Dp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Rothe: 34, Lyons: 28, Willis: 310 </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Lyons: 49 </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Lyons: 28; cf. MacCambridge 2009: 1081 </li> <li id="cite_note-RPW56-95-38"><a href="#cite_ref-RPW56-95_38-0">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 56, 95. </li> <li id="cite_note-WWARPW-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WWARPW_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WWARPW_39-1">b</a> Westcott: 101; cf. Willis: 303–304, Algeo: 13–15, Ruck; Patterson, and Weber: 95 </li> <li id="cite_note-LCMPW-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LCMPW_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LCMPW_40-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LCMPW_40-2">c</a> Lyons: 46–47; cf. Claassen: 336, MacCambridge 2005: 42, Peterson: 112, Westcott: 101 </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> Lyons: 47; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 42 </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2024" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Mary (October 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mainlinemedianews.com/2024/10/14/brown-penn-athletics-sugar-huddle-statue-dedication-to-narberths-bert-bell-eagles-owner-and-entrepreneurial-nfl-commissioner/">"Brown: Penn Athletics 'sugar huddle' statue dedication to Narberth's Bert Bell, Eagles owner and entrepreneurial NFL Commissioner"</a>. Mainline Media News. Retrieved October 21, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mainline+Media+News&rft.atitle=Brown%3A+Penn+Athletics+%E2%80%98sugar+huddle%E2%80%99+statue+dedication+to+Narberth%E2%80%99s+Bert+Bell%2C+Eagles+owner+and+entrepreneurial+NFL+Commissioner&rft.date=2024-10-14&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mainlinemedianews.com%2F2024%2F10%2F14%2Fbrown-penn-athletics-sugar-huddle-statue-dedication-to-narberths-bert-bell-eagles-owner-and-entrepreneurial-nfl-commissioner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> Willis: 310–311; cf. Coenen: 237, Didinger with Lyons: 255 </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> Lyons: 33–38, 41. </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> Willis: 327–328 </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> Didinger with Lyons: 255 </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> Lyons: 54 </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> Lyons: 56; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 43 </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> Peterson: 119; cf. Williams: 41 </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> Willis: 341–343; cf. Lyons: 57–58, DeVito: 84, Didinger with Lyons: 256 </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> Williams: 41–42; cf. Peterson: 119 </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> Lyons: 60 </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> MacCambridge 2005: 43; cf. Lyons: 63 </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> MacCambridge 2005: 43; cf. Claassen: 335, Lyons: 63 </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Lyons: 63; cf. Claassen: 342 </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> ;Didinger with Lyons: 256 </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> Willis: 355 </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> Didinger with Lyons: 257 </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> Lyons: 70 </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> Lyons: 72–73. </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> Didinger with Lyons: 258 </li> <li id="cite_note-Algeo:_16-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Algeo:_16_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Algeo:_16_62-1">b</a> Algeo: 16 </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 183–184; cf. Herskowitz: 149, Lyons: 81–82 </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> Lyons: 87; Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 187 </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 303; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 45 </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> Ruck; with Patterson and Weber: 187; cf. Lyons: 88, MacCambridge 2005: 45 </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=kHcbAAAAIBAJ&pg=5658%2C3817409">"Rooney and Bell Views Differ After Early Look at Steelers"</a>. August 10, 1941.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Rooney+and+Bell+Views+Differ+After+Early+Look+at+Steelers&rft.date=1941-08-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DkHcbAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5658%252C3817409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Claassen: 247, Lyons: 90, Leblanc: 62 </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> Lyons: 90–91 </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pro-football-reference.com/coaches/">"Coaches, Records, and Coaching Totals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pro-Football-Reference.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-Football-Reference.com">Pro-Football-Reference.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pro-Football-Reference.com&rft.atitle=Coaches%2C+Records%2C+and+Coaching+Totals&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pro-football-reference.com%2Fcoaches%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 225; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 45 </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> Lyons: 92 </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a> Algeo: 29, 35, 46. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> DeVito: 103 </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> Rooney; Halaas and Masich: 71 </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> MacCambridge 2005: 13; cf. Davis 2005: 196–197 </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> Davis 2005: 199; cf. Piascik: 11, Littlewood 166, Staudohar: 56 </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 228; cf. Davis 2005: 200–201 </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Whittingham: 229 </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a> Claassen: 251–252 </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> Littlewood: 133 </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> Davis 2005: 199; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 15, Peterson: 159 </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 225; cf. Davis 2005: 201 </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> Williams: 41; cf. Lyons: 116–117, MacCambridge 2005: 15 </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rlFQAAAAIBAJ&dq=bert%20bell&pg=7194%2C6023617">"Layden Quits; Bell New Czar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Journal_Sentinel" title="Milwaukee Journal Sentinel">Milwaukee Sentinel</a>. January 12, 1946.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Layden+Quits%3B+Bell+New+Czar&rft.date=1946-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DrlFQAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dbert%2520bell%26pg%3D7194%252C6023617&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a> Lyons: 114 </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyons-86">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons_86-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons_86-1">b</a> Lyons: 166–167 </li> <li id="cite_note-MDYL-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MDYL_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MDYL_87-1">b</a> MacCambridge 2005: 15–16; cf. Davis 2005: 201–202, Yost: 57–58: Lyons: 117–118 </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> Rathet; Brown: 210 </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> Willis: 302, 303, 308, 371, 383 </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Yost: 61; cf. Sullivan: 26. </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> MacCambridge 2005: 40; cf. Maule: 242, Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 248 </li> <li id="cite_note-S26;RPW248-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-S26;RPW248_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-S26;RPW248_92-1">b</a> Sullivan: 26; Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 248 </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/21/obituaries/merle-hapes-75-ex-giant-fullback.html">"Merle Hapes, 75, Ex-Giant Fullback"</a>. The New York Times. July 21, 1994.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Merle+Hapes%2C+75%2C+Ex-Giant+Fullback&rft.date=1994-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F07%2F21%2Fobituaries%2Fmerle-hapes-75-ex-giant-fullback.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Coenen: 127, Peterson: 159–160, MacCambridge 2005: 48, Pervin: 15, Lyons: 130 </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> Lyons: 130–131; cf. Pervin: 16, Davis 2005 p. 207 </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDupont2014" class="citation news cs1">Dupont, Kevin Paul (September 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/87058195/ex-commissioners-justice-was-clear-as-a/">"Ex-commissioner's justice was clear as a bell"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a>. p. C2. Retrieved October 13, 2021 – via newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Ex-commissioner%27s+justice+was+clear+as+a+bell&rft.pages=C2&rft.date=2014-09-21&rft.aulast=Dupont&rft.aufirst=Kevin+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F87058195%2Fex-commissioners-justice-was-clear-as-a%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTH-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTH_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTH_96-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTH_96-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschberg1958" class="citation news cs1">Hirschberg, Al (November 23, 1958). "He Calls the Signals in Pro Football". <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine" title="The New York Times Magazine">The New York Times Magazine</a>. pp. 23+.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+Magazine&rft.atitle=He+Calls+the+Signals+in+Pro+Football&rft.pages=23%2B&rft.date=1958-11-23&rft.aulast=Hirschberg&rft.aufirst=Al&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LY129-97"><a href="#cite_ref-LY129_97-0">^</a> Lyons: 129 </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> Lyons: 289; cf. DeVito: 83, Willis: 301, Maule: 242 </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> Lyons: 131–132; cf: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=byY_AAAAIBAJ&sjid=M08MAAAAIBAJ&pg=3053,1968248">Bell Planning Campaign to Kill Gambling</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> Lyons: 203–204; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 48–49 </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> Lyons: 134–135; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 48–49 </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyons_a-102">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons_a_102-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons_a_102-1">b</a> Lyons: 142 </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> Yost: 60; cf. Daley: 193 </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> Lyons: 129; cf. Davis 2005: 203–204 </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> Coenen: 125–126 </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> Coenen: 125 </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> Lyons: 171 </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Piascik: 125; cf. Lyons: 146 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> Coenen: 154 </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 290 </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> Lyons: 156–157 </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> Lyons and the New York Times incorrectly list Radovich for playing with the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Seals_(baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Francisco Seals (baseball)">Los Angeles Seals</a>. U.S. House Committee III, 1957, pp. 2778–2779; cf. Piascik: 27, Carrol with Gersham, Neft, and Thorn: 1197, Lyons: 154 </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> Lyons: 154–155 </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeller1997" class="citation news cs1">Heller, Dick (October 25, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-56813391">"Washington–Baltimore should be a hatefest for the ages"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Washington%E2%80%93Baltimore+should+be+a+hatefest+for+the+ages&rft.date=1997-10-25&rft.aulast=Heller&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.questia.com%2Fread%2F1G1-56813391&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a> Davis 2005: 229 </li> <li id="cite_note-L150_163_Mac_52-116">^ <a href="#cite_ref-L150_163_Mac_52_116-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-L150_163_Mac_52_116-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-L150_163_Mac_52_116-2">c</a> Lyons: 150, 163; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 52 </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a> Lyons: 147 </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> Peterson: 191–192; cf: Brown with Clary: 197 </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> Coenen: 154; cf. Davis 2005: 259–260, 266, 268–269, LaBlanc p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a> Coenen: 157. </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> Peterson: 197; cf. Hessions: 45, MacCambridge 2005: 70 </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> Rader: 86–87 </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHall1951" class="citation news cs1">Hall, Dan (May 22, 1951). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=feST4K8J0scC&dat=19510523&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"Hallucinations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Times" title="Tampa Bay Times">St. Petersburg Times</a>. p. 17. <q>[Bell said the] $475,000 [received from the contract] goes into the players' pool.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=St.+Petersburg+Times&rft.atitle=Hallucinations&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1951-05-22&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DfeST4K8J0scC%26dat%3D19510523%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1951/05/22/89441682.pdf">Pro Football and DuMont Sign a $475,000 TV Pact</a>, MacCambridge 2005: 73, 480, Rader: 86–87; contra: The <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Post-Gazette" title="Pittsburgh Post-Gazette">Pittsburgh Post-Gazette</a>, Lyons and Patton report the title game receipts were only $75,000 for the <a href="/wiki/1951_NFL_Championship_Game" title="1951 NFL Championship Game">1951 NFL Championship Game</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=XMJRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=nmoDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4260%2C1532124">Fans Rush for Tickets to NFL Game</a>, Lyons: 179, Patton: 35 </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a> Davis 2005: 271; cf. MacCambridge, 2005: 73 </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> Coenen: 157–158 </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Rader: 86; cf. Peterson: 197 </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Q5IoAAAAIBAJ&pg=1566%2C964714">"Westinghouse to Sponsor Professional TV Football"</a>. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. May 14, 1953.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Westinghouse+to+Sponsor+Professional+TV+Football&rft.date=1953-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DQ5IoAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1566%252C964714&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Lyons: 196 </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> Coenen; 156, 162; cf. Lyons: 196 </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> Patton: 55; cf. Peterson: 198, Lyons: 199–200 </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> Rader: 86 </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> Brown with Clary: 230–232 </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> Patton: 48 </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> U.S. House Committee III, 1957, p. 2587; cf. Summerall with Levin: 36–37 </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> Brown with Clary: 214 </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a> Ratterman; with Deindorfer: 125 </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham,_Otto1954" class="citation magazine cs1">Graham, Otto (October 11, 1954). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130119120348/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1128848/1/index.htm">"Football Is Getting Too Vicious"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1128848/1/index.htm">the original</a> on January 19, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Football+Is+Getting+Too+Vicious&rft.date=1954-10-11&rft.au=Graham%2C+Otto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1128848%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Piascik: 155 </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaule,_Tex1957" class="citation magazine cs1">Maule, Tex (January 21, 1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104183240/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1132736/1/index.htm">"I Don't Believe There Is Dirty Football"</a>. Sports Illustrated. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1132736/1/index.htm">the original</a> on November 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=I+Don%27t+Believe+There+Is+Dirty+Football&rft.date=1957-01-21&rft.au=Maule%2C+Tex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1132736%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> King: 37; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104183240/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1132736/1/index.htm">I Don't Believe There Is Dirty Football</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> Lyons: 282 </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> Patton: 37; cf Rader: 87 </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> Maraniss: 168–169 </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> Lomax: 16 </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> Coenen: 182; cf. Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 293 </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> Coenen: 182; cf. Lyons: 255–256 </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> Lyons: 261 </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PRsfAAAAIBAJ&dq=bert%20bell&pg=7199%2C6474989">"Pro Football Would Welcome Probe, Says NFL Commissioner Bert Bell"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Tuscaloosa_News" title="The Tuscaloosa News">The Tuscaloosa News</a>. February 27, 1957. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tuscaloosa+News&rft.atitle=Pro+Football+Would+Welcome+Probe%2C+Says+NFL+Commissioner+Bert+Bell&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1957-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DPRsfAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dbert%2520bell%26pg%3D7199%252C6474989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> Carroll: 199 </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> U.S. House Committee III, 1957, p. 2596; cf. Carroll: 199 </li> <li id="cite_note-L1947-149">^ <a href="#cite_ref-L1947_149-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-L1947_149-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-L1947_149-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarsen1957" class="citation news cs1">Larsen, Lloyd (August 2, 1957). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QF4xAAAAIBAJ&dq=bert%20bell&pg=4279%2C997756">"Bell's Player Recognition Could be Real Winner for Pro Football"</a>. The Milwaukee Sentinel. p. 2:3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Milwaukee+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Bell%27s+Player+Recognition+Could+be+Real+Winner+for+Pro+Football&rft.pages=2%3A3&rft.date=1957-08-02&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=Lloyd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DQF4xAAAAIBAJ%26dq%3Dbert%2520bell%26pg%3D4279%252C997756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-ROONEY_78-150"><a href="#cite_ref-ROONEY_78_150-0">^</a> Rooney; Halaas and Masich: 78 </li> <li id="cite_note-ROONEY,_2007,_p._78.-151"><a href="#cite_ref-ROONEY,_2007,_p._78._151-0">^</a> Rooney; Halaas and Masich, 2007, p. 78. </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 294; cf. U.S. House Committee III, 1957, p. 2580a–2580at </li> <li id="cite_note-S_63_O_57-153">^ <a href="#cite_ref-S_63_O_57_153-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-S_63_O_57_153-1">b</a> Staudohar, 1986, 63; cf. Oriard: 57 </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> Gifford; with Richmond: 121; cf. Maule: 245 </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> Powers: 84 </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> Gifford uses literary license when he writes "The overtime rule had been instituted for this game ..." p. 210 Gifford; with Richmond: 207–208, 210, 214 </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaule,_Tex1959" class="citation magazine cs1">Maule, Tex (January 19, 1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104183044/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1070060/1/index.htm">"Here's Why It Was The Best Football Game Ever"</a>. Sports Illustrated. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1070060/1/index.htm">the original</a> on November 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Here%27s+Why+It+Was+The+Best+Football+Game+Ever&rft.date=1959-01-19&rft.au=Maule%2C+Tex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1070060%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Gifford; with Richmond: 230 </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> Patton: 41 </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> Powers: 88; cf. Gifford; with Richmond: 213 </li> <li id="cite_note-160"><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a> Gifford; with Richmond: 229; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/28183131/">Greatest Game: Remembering '58 NFL finale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121012025150/http://nbcsports.msnbc.com/id/28183131/">Archived</a> October 12, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0909/pro06.html">The Man Who Modernized Pro Football</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100604191358/http://www.upenn.edu/gazette///0909/pro06.html">Archived</a> June 4, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-LY_308-161">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY_308_161-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY_308_161-1">b</a> Lyons: 308 </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 311 </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> Rooney; Halaas and Masich: 26; cf. Ruck; Patterson, and Weber: 84 </li> <li id="cite_note-LY275-164">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LY275_164-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LY275_164-1">b</a> Lyons: 275 </li> <li id="cite_note-ppgbell-165"><a href="#cite_ref-ppgbell_165-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=CclRAAAAIBAJ&pg=6034%2C1707578">"NFL head Bert Bell dies at 65"</a>. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. October 12, 1959. p. 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=NFL+head+Bert+Bell+dies+at+65&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1959-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DCclRAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D6034%252C1707578&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-blczr-166"><a href="#cite_ref-blczr_166-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=LXxRAAAAIBAJ&pg=7531%2C1150536">"Bert Bell, NFL czar, dies at 65"</a>. Milwaukee Sentinel. UPI. October 12, 1959. p. 2, part 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Bert+Bell%2C+NFL+czar%2C+dies+at+65&rft.pages=2%2C+part+2&rft.date=1959-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DLXxRAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D7531%252C1150536&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBernstein,_Ralph1959" class="citation news cs1">Bernstein, Ralph (October 12, 1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=cxosAAAAIBAJ&pg=3432,4791016">"Heart Attack Is Fatal To Bert Bell"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Times_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Times Daily">Times Daily</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Daily&rft.atitle=Heart+Attack+Is+Fatal+To+Bert+Bell&rft.date=1959-10-12&rft.au=Bernstein%2C+Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DcxosAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3432%2C4791016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> Other authors alternately list his age at death (e.g., Ruck p. 313, Lyons p. 306) and his date of death (Lyons p. 306). </li> <li id="cite_note-agnabo-168"><a href="#cite_ref-agnabo_168-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=DMlRAAAAIBAJ&pg=5477%2C2481806">"Austin Gunsel named acting boss of NFL"</a>. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Associated Press. October 15, 1959. p. 30.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Austin+Gunsel+named+acting+boss+of+NFL&rft.pages=30&rft.date=1959-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DDMlRAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D5477%252C2481806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRed_Smith1959" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Red_Smith_(sportswriter)" title="Red Smith (sportswriter)">Red Smith</a> (October 14, 1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=3w0kAAAAIBAJ&pg=1598%2C3308282">"Bell Never Got Too Big to Laugh at Himself"</a>. Milwaukee Journal. p. 18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Milwaukee+Journal&rft.atitle=Bell+Never+Got+Too+Big+to+Laugh+at+Himself&rft.pages=18&rft.date=1959-10-14&rft.au=Red+Smith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3D3w0kAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D1598%252C3308282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-LY312-170"><a href="#cite_ref-LY312_170-0">^</a> Lyons: 312 </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=C8lRAAAAIBAJ&pg=3174%2C2256555">"Bell Funeral This Morning"</a>. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. October 14, 1959.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post-Gazette&rft.atitle=Bell+Funeral+This+Morning&rft.date=1959-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DC8lRAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3174%252C2256555&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Lyons: 311–312 </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> Lyons: 311–312 </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoyle1965" class="citation journal cs1">Boyle, Robert H. (December 13, 1965). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vault.si.com/vault/1965/12/13/the-pleasure-of-dying-on-sunday">"The Pleasure of Dying on Sunday"</a>. Sports Illustrated.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=The+Pleasure+of+Dying+on+Sunday&rft.date=1965-12-13&rft.aulast=Boyle&rft.aufirst=Robert+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvault.si.com%2Fvault%2F1965%2F12%2F13%2Fthe-pleasure-of-dying-on-sunday&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PHMC_Bert_Bell-174"><a href="#cite_ref-PHMC_Bert_Bell_174-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/PHMCWebSearch/ViewMarker.aspx?markerId=1014">"Bert Bell"</a>. PHMC Historical Markers. Retrieved March 27, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PHMC+Historical+Markers&rft.atitle=Bert+Bell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phmc.state.pa.us%2FPHMCWebSearch%2FViewMarker.aspx%3FmarkerId%3D1014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lyons:_315-175">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons:_315_175-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lyons:_315_175-1">b</a> Lyons: 315 </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110929035549/http://www.pennathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=1700&ATCLID=235512%2F">"Penn Athletics Hall of Fame"</a>. Penn Athletics. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pennathletics.com/ViewArticle.dbml?DB_OEM_ID=1700&ATCLID=235512/">the original</a> on September 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Penn+Athletics+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=Penn+Athletics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pennathletics.com%2FViewArticle.dbml%3FDB_OEM_ID%3D1700%26ATCLID%3D235512%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120821030446/http://www.phillyhall.org/inductees.asp">"Inductees"</a>. Philadelphia Sports Hall of Fame Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phillyhall.org/inductees.asp">the original</a> on August 21, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inductees&rft.pub=Philadelphia+Sports+Hall+of+Fame+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phillyhall.org%2Finductees.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> Rooney; Halaas and Masich: 238 </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPagano1998" class="citation journal cs1">Pagano, Robert (May 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110523233656/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n4a.pdf">"Robert 'Tiny' Maxwell"</a> (PDF). College Football Historical Society. I (IV): 1–3. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/CFHSN/CFHSNv01/CFHSNv01n4a.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 23, 2011. Retrieved October 1, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=College+Football+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=Robert+%27Tiny%27+Maxwell&rft.volume=I&rft.issue=IV&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E3&rft.date=1998-05&rft.aulast=Pagano&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la84foundation.org%2FSportsLibrary%2FCFHSN%2FCFHSNv01%2FCFHSNv01n4a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Lyons: 314 </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-180">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_180-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_180-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdams2024" class="citation news cs1">Adams, Bruce (October 20, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/sports/other/bert-bell-s-son-upton-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy-living-on-the-main-line/ar-AA1siyfQ?ocid=BingNewsSerp">"Bert Bell's son Upton reflects on his father's legacy, living on the Main Line"</a>. Main Line Times & Suburban. pp. 1, 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Main+Line+Times+%26+Suburban&rft.atitle=Bert+Bell%27s+son+Upton+reflects+on+his+father%27s+legacy%2C+living+on+the+Main+Line&rft.pages=1%2C+6&rft.date=2024-10-20&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fsports%2Fother%2Fbert-bell-s-son-upton-reflects-on-his-father-s-legacy-living-on-the-main-line%2Far-AA1siyfQ%3Focid%3DBingNewsSerp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> Oriard: 13; cf. Gifford with Richmond: 29, Brown with Clary: 230–232 </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> Lyons: 131–132; cf. MacCambridge 2005: 48–49 </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> Yost: 60–61 </li> <li id="cite_note-184"><a href="#cite_ref-184">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104180911/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1001623/1/index.htm">"Wonderful World Of Sport"</a>. Sports Illustrated. January 6, 1958. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1001623/1/index.htm">the original</a> on November 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Wonderful+World+Of+Sport&rft.date=1958-01-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1001623%2F1%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988">; cf. Coenen: 167, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121104180932/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1128906/1/index.htm">Detroit Free Press</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a> Ruck; Patterson and Weber: 222 </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a> Patton: 52–53; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chron.com/sports/texans/article/Herskowitz-Spreading-the-wealth-rings-a-Bell-1919184.php">Herskowitz Spreading the wealth rings a Bell</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> Riger with Maule: 9 </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> Berry deprecates the importance of the NFL's agreement to a pension plan with the owners in 1959. Berry; with Gould and Staudohar, 1986, p. 96. </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> Staudohar writes: "In 1959 the [NFLPA] achieved another breakthrough when it persuaded the owners to provide a pension plan for the players." Staudohar, 1986, p. 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=gL9scSG3K_gC&dat=19620525&printsec=frontpage&hl=en">"NFL Adopts Pensions for Five Year Vets"</a>. Pittsburgh Post Gazette. May 25, 1962.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pittsburgh+Post+Gazette&rft.atitle=NFL+Adopts+Pensions+for+Five+Year+Vets&rft.date=1962-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fnid%3DgL9scSG3K_gC%26dat%3D19620525%26printsec%3Dfrontpage%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> Coenen: 90; cf. MacCambridge 2005,: 41 </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a> Yost: 55 </li> <li id="cite_note-193"><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a> Staudohar: 79–81; cf. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smith_v._Pro_Football,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smith v. Pro Football, Inc. (page does not exist)">Smith v. Pro Football, Inc.</a>, 420 F. Supp. 738, 593 F. 2d 1173 (1978) </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a> Associate Press, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/tulsa-world-nfl-commissioner-bert-bell-d/131879413/">"NFL Attendance Improved: Dallas Club 16,281 Up on 1951 Yankees,"</a> Tulsa World, November 12, 1952, p. 52. </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> Smith: 156 </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary_materials">Primary materials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Primary materials">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Lyons, Robert S. (2010). On Any Given Sunday, A Life of Bert Bell. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-731-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59213-731-2">978-1-59213-731-2</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_materials">Secondary materials</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Secondary materials">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130904205327/http://www.audiobookscorner.com/Title.aspx?titleId=10459&srch=vince+lombardi">When Pride Still Mattered, A Life of Vince Lombardi</a>, by <a href="/wiki/David_Maraniss" title="David Maraniss">David Maraniss</a>, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-618-90499-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-618-90499-0">978-0-618-90499-0</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.lexis-nexis.com/congcomp/getdoc?HEARING-ID=HRG-1957-HJH-0006">Organized Professional Team Sports: Part 1. United States House Committee on the Judiciary I, Subcommittee on Antitrust (1957).</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.lexis-nexis.com/congcomp/getdoc?HEARING-ID=HRG-1957-HJH-0012">Organized Professional Team Sports: Part 3. United States House Committee on the Judiciary III, Subcommittee on Antitrust (1957).</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDistrict_Judge_Allan_Kuhn_Grim1953" class="citation web cs1">District Judge <a href="/wiki/Allan_Kuhn_Grim" title="Allan Kuhn Grim">Allan Kuhn Grim</a> (November 12, 1953). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=8151921315414229973&q=United+States+v.+the+National+Football+League&hl=en&as_sdt=2,33">"United States v. National Football League, 116 F. Supp. 319 – Dist. Court, ED Pennsylvania 1953"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+v.+National+Football+League%2C+116+F.+Supp.+319+%E2%80%93+Dist.+Court%2C+ED+Pennsylvania+1953&rft.date=1953-11-12&rft.au=District+Judge+Allan+Kuhn+Grim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscholar.google.com%2Fscholar_case%3Fcase%3D8151921315414229973%26q%3DUnited%2BStates%2Bv.%2Bthe%2BNational%2BFootball%2BLeague%26hl%3Den%26as_sdt%3D2%2C33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Algeo, Matthew (2006). Last Team Standing. Philadelphia: Da Capo Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81472-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81472-3">978-0-306-81472-3</a></li> <li>Berry, Robert C.; with Gould, William B. and Staudohar, Paul D. (1986). Labor Relations in Professional Sports. Dover, MA: Auburn House Pub. Co. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86569-137-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86569-137-1">0-86569-137-1</a></li> <li>Brown, Paul; with Clary, Jack (1979). PB, the Paul Brown Story. New York: Atheneum.</li> <li>Carroll, Bob; with Gershman, Michael, Neft, David, and Thorn, John (1999). Total Football:The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League. New York: HarperCollins. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-270174-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-270174-6">0-06-270174-6</a></li> <li>Carroll, John M. (1999). Red Grange and the Rise of Modern Football. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-252-02384-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-252-02384-6">0-252-02384-6</a></li> <li>Claassen, Harold (Spike) (1963). The History of Professional Football. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.</li> <li>Coenen, Craig R. (2005). From Sandlots to the Super Bowl: The National Football League, 1920–1967. Knoxville, TN: The University of Tennessee Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57233-447-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-57233-447-9">1-57233-447-9</a></li> <li>Daley, Arthur (1963). Pro Football's Hall of Fame. New York: Grosset and Dunlap.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Danzig" title="Allison Danzig">Danzig, Allison</a> (1956). The History of American Football: Its Great Teams, Players, and Coaches. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.</li> <li>Davis, Jeff (2005). Papa Bear, The Life and Legacy of George Halas. New York: McGraw-Hill <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-146054-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-146054-3">0-07-146054-3</a></li> <li>DeVito, Carlo (2006). Wellington: the Maras, the Giants, and the City of New York. Chicago: Triumph Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57243-872-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57243-872-9">978-1-57243-872-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Didinger" title="Ray Didinger">Didinger, Ray</a>; with Lyons, Robert S. (2005). The Eagles Encyclopedia. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59213-449-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-59213-449-1">1-59213-449-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gifford" title="Frank Gifford">Gifford, Frank</a>; with Richmond, Peter (2008). The Glory Game: How the 1958 NFL Championship Changed Football Forever. New York: HarperCollins. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-171659-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-171659-1">978-0-06-171659-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Herskowitz" title="Mickey Herskowitz">Herskowitz, Mickey</a> (1990). The Golden Age of Pro Football. Dallas: Taylor Publishing Company. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87833-751-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87833-751-2">0-87833-751-2</a></li> <li>Hession, Joseph (1987). The Rams: Five Decades of Football. San Francisco: Foghorn Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-935701-40-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-935701-40-0">0-935701-40-0</a></li> <li>Hibner, John Charles (1993). The Rose Bowl, 1902–1929. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, Inc. Publishers. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89950-775-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-89950-775-1">0-89950-775-1</a></li> <li>King, Joe (1958). Inside Pro Football. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.</li> <li>Layden, Elmer; with Snyder, Ed (1969). It Was a Different Game: The Elmer Layden Story. Englewood Cliffs, NJ:Prentice-Hall, Inc.</li> <li>LaBlanc, Michael L.; with Ruby, Mary K. (1994). Professional Sports Team Histories: Football. Detroit: Gale Research Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8103-8861-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8103-8861-8">0-8103-8861-8</a></li> <li>Levy, Alan H. (2003). Tackling Jim Crow, Racial Segregation in Professional Football. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co., Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7864-1597-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7864-1597-5">0-7864-1597-5</a></li> <li>Littlewood, Thomas B. (1990). Arch: A Promoter, not a Poet: The Story of Arch Ward. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8138-0277-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8138-0277-6">0-8138-0277-6</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLomax2001" class="citation journal cs1">Lomax, Michael E. (April 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120609102919/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/FootballStudies/2001/FS0401d.pdf">"Conflict and Compromise: The Evolution of American Professional Football's Labour Relations 1957–1966"</a> (PDF). Football Studies. 4 (1): 5–39. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/FootballStudies/2001/FS0401d.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 9, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Football+Studies&rft.atitle=Conflict+and+Compromise%3A+The+Evolution+of+American+Professional+Football%27s+Labour+Relations+1957%E2%80%931966&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5-%3C%2Fspan%3E39&rft.date=2001-04&rft.aulast=Lomax&rft.aufirst=Michael+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.la84foundation.org%2FSportsLibrary%2FFootballStudies%2F2001%2FFS0401d.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABert+Bell" class="Z3988"></li> <li>MacCambridge, Michael (2005). America's Game. New York: Anchor Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48143-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-48143-6">978-0-307-48143-6</a></li> <li>MacCambridge, Michael (2009). ESPN College Football Encyclopedia: The Complete History of the Game. New York: ESPN Books, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4013-3703-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-4013-3703-1">1-4013-3703-1</a></li> <li>Marquis, Albert Nelson (1934). Who's Who in America: A Biographical Dictionary of Notable Living Men and Women of the United States, Vol., 18, 1934–1935, Two Years. Chicago: The A. N. Marquis Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Maule" title="Tex Maule">Maule, Tex</a> (1964). The Game; The Official Picture History of the National Football League. New York: Random House</li> <li>Oriard, Michael (2007). Brand NFL: Making and Selling America's Favorite Sport. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-3142-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8078-3142-7">978-0-8078-3142-7</a></li> <li>Patton, Phil (1984). Razzle-Dazzle: The Curious Marriage of Television and Professional Football. Garden City, NY: The Dial Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-27879-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-27879-9">0-385-27879-9</a></li> <li>Paul, William Henry (1974). The Gray-Flannel Pigskin: Movers and Shakers of Pro Football. Philadelphia: Lippincott.</li> <li>Pervin, Lawrence A. (2009). Football's New York Giants. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4268-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-4268-3">978-0-7864-4268-3</a></li> <li>Peterson, Robert W. (1997). Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football. New York: Oxford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-507607-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-507607-9">0-19-507607-9</a></li> <li>Piascik, Andy (2007). The Best Show in Football: The 1946–1955 Cleveland Browns. Lanham, MD: Taylor Trade Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58979-360-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58979-360-6">978-1-58979-360-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Powers" title="Ron Powers">Powers, Ron</a> (1984). Supertube: The Rise of Television Sports. New York: Coward-McCann. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-698-11253-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-698-11253-9">0-698-11253-9</a></li> <li>Rader, Benjamin G. (1984). In its Own Image: How Television Has Transformed Sports. New York: The Free Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-925700-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-925700-X">0-02-925700-X</a></li> <li>Rathet, Mike; with Smith, Don R. (1984). Their Deeds and Dogged Faith. New York: Balsam Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-917439-02-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-917439-02-3">0-917439-02-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Ratterman" title="George Ratterman">Ratterman, George</a>; with Deindorfer, Robert G. (1962). Confessions of a Gypsy Quarterback; Inside the Wacky World of Pro Football. New York: Coward-McCann, Inc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Riger" title="Robert Riger">Riger, Robert</a>; with Maule, Tex (1960). The Pros. New York: Simon and Schuster.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Rooney" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan Rooney">Rooney, Dan</a>; with Halaas, David F. and Masich, Andrew E. (2007). My 75 Years with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the NFL. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-2603-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7867-2603-5">978-0-7867-2603-5</a></li> <li>Rothe, Anna; with Prodrick, Elizabeth (1951). "Bert Bell" in Current Biography: Who's News and Why 1950. New York: The H.W. Wilson Company.</li> <li>Ruck, Rob; with Patterson, Maggie Jones and Weber, Michael P. (2010). Rooney: A Sporting Life. Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2283-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-2283-0">978-0-8032-2283-0</a></li> <li>Smith, Myron J. Jr. (1993). Professional Football: The Official Pro Football Hall of Fame Bibliography. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-28928-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-28928-X">0-313-28928-X</a></li> <li>Staudohar, Paul D. (1986). The Sports Industry and Collective Bargaining. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87546-117-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87546-117-4">0-87546-117-4</a></li> <li>Sullivan, George (1968). Pro Football's All Time Greats. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Summerall" title="Pat Summerall">Summerall, Pat</a>; with Levin, Michael (2010). Giants: What I Learned about Life from Vince Lombardi and Tom Landry. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-90908-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-90908-9">978-0-470-90908-9</a></li> <li>Umphlett, Wiley Lee (1992). Creating the Big Game: John W. Heisman and the Invention of American Football. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-28404-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-28404-0">0-313-28404-0</a></li> <li>Westcott, Rich (2001). A Century of Philadelphia Sports. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56639-861-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-56639-861-4">1-56639-861-4</a></li> <li>Whittingham, Richard (2002). What a Game They Played: An Inside Look at the Golden Era of Pro Football. Lincoln, Neb.: University of Nebraska Press, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-9819-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8032-9819-4">978-0-8032-9819-4</a></li> <li>Williams, Pete (2006). The Draft: A Year Inside the NFL's Search for Talent. New York: St. Martin's Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-35438-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-35438-1">978-0-312-35438-1</a></li> <li>Willis, Chris (2010). The Man Who Built the National Football League: Joe F. Carr. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7669-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7669-9">978-0-8108-7669-9</a></li> <li>Yost, Mark (2006). Tailgating, Sacks and Salary Caps. Chicago: Kaplan Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4195-2600-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4195-2600-8">978-1-4195-2600-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/41px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/55px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg/32px-Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg/48px-Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg/64px-Flag_of_Philadelphia%2C_Pennsylvania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philadelphia" title="Portal:Philadelphia">Philadelphia portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Lower Merion Historical Society (2000). The first 300 : the amazing and rich history of Lower Merion. Ardmore, Pa. : The Society</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bert_Bell" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bert Bell">Bert Bell</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.profootballhof.com/players/bert-bell">Bert Bell</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7390292">Bert Bell</a> at <a href="/wiki/Find_a_Grave" title="Find a Grave">Find a Grave</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Penn_Quakers_starting_quarterbacks1727" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#011F5B;color:white;box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #990000, inset -2px -2px 0 #990000;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Penn_Quakers_quarterback_navbox" title="Template:Penn Quakers quarterback navbox"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Penn_Quakers_quarterback_navbox" title="Template talk:Penn Quakers quarterback navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Penn_Quakers_quarterback_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Penn Quakers quarterback navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Penn_Quakers_starting_quarterbacks1727" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Penn_Quakers_football" title="Penn Quakers football">Penn Quakers starting quarterbacks</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_S._Williams" title="Carl S. Williams">Carl S. Williams</a> (1893–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_F._Weeks" title="David F. Weeks">David F. Weeks</a> (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Stevenson" title="Vince Stevenson">Vince Stevenson</a> (1904–1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Keinath" title="Charles Keinath">Charles Keinath</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allie_Miller" title="Allie Miller">Albert Miller</a> (1909)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> (1915–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_K._Miller" title="Jonathan K. Miller">Jonathan K. Miller</a> (1920–1922)</li> <li>Rich Ross (1956)</li> <li>Tom Twitmyer (1957)</li> <li>Larry Purdy (1958)</li> <li>George Koval (1959–1960)</li> <li>Porter Shreve (1960)</li> <li>Luther Gray (1961)</li> <li>John Owens (1962)</li> <li>Donald Challis (1963)</li> <li>Tom Kennedy (1964)</li> <li>Bill Creeden (1965–1967)</li> <li>Bernie Zbrzeznj (1968)</li> <li>John Brown (1969)</li> <li>Pancho Micir (1970)</li> <li>Gary Shue (1971)</li> <li>Tom Pinto (1972)</li> <li>Marty Vaughn (1973–1974)</li> <li>Bob Graustein (1975–1976)</li> <li>Tom Roland (1977–1978)</li> <li>Doug Marzonie (1979–1981)</li> <li>Gary Vura (1980–1982)</li> <li>John McGeehan (1983–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Crocicchia" title="Jim Crocicchia">Jim Crocicchia</a> (1985–1986)</li> <li>John Keller (1987)</li> <li>Malcolm Glover (1988–1989)</li> <li>Doug Hensch (1990)</li> <li>Jimmy McGeehan (1991–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_DeRosa" title="Mark DeRosa">Mark DeRosa</a> (1994–1995)</li> <li>Steve Teodecki (1996)</li> <li>Tom MacLeod (1996)</li> <li>Matt Rader (1997–1998)</li> <li>Gavin Hoffman (1999–2001)</li> <li>Mike Mitchell (2002–2003)</li> <li>Pat McDermott (2004–2005)</li> <li>Bryan Walker (2004–2007)</li> <li>Robert Irvin (2006–2008)</li> <li>Kyle Olson (2008–2009)</li> <li>Keiffer Garton (2008–2009)</li> <li>John Hurley (2009)</li> <li>Ryan Becker (2010, 2013)</li> <li>Billy Ragone (2010–2013)</li> <li>Andrew Holland (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alek_Torgersen" title="Alek Torgersen">Alek Torgersen</a> (2014–2016)</li> <li>Andrew Lisa (2015)</li> <li>Will Fischer-Colbrie (2017)</li> <li>Nick Robinson (2017, 2019)</li> <li>Ryan Glover (2018)</li> <li>John Quinnelly (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidan_Sayin" title="Aidan Sayin">Aidan Sayin</a> (2021–2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia_Eagles_owners86" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #004851 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A2AAAD, inset -2px -2px 0 #A2AAAD;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_owners" title="Template:Philadelphia Eagles owners"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Eagles_owners" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Eagles owners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_owners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Eagles owners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia_Eagles_owners86" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles owners</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Lud_Wray" title="Lud Wray">Lud Wray</a> (1933–1935)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> (1936–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Thompson" title="Alexis Thompson">Alexis Thompson</a> (1940–1949)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Happy_Hundred" title="Happy Hundred">Happy Hundred</a>" (1949–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Wolman" title="Jerry Wolman">Jerry Wolman</a> (1963–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Tose" title="Leonard Tose">Leonard Tose</a> (1969–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Braman" title="Norman Braman">Norman Braman</a> (1985–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Lurie" title="Jeffrey Lurie">Jeffrey Lurie</a> (1994–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches1150" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #004851 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A2AAAD, inset -2px -2px 0 #A2AAAD;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches" title="Template:Philadelphia Eagles head coaches"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Eagles head coaches"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Eagles head coaches"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches1150" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches" title="List of Philadelphia Eagles head coaches">Philadelphia Eagles head coaches</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lud_Wray" title="Lud Wray">Lud Wray</a> (1933–1935)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> (1936–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greasy_Neale" title="Greasy Neale">Greasy Neale</a> (1941–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_McMillin" title="Bo McMillin">Bo McMillin</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Millner" title="Wayne Millner">Wayne Millner</a> # (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Trimble" title="Jim Trimble">Jim Trimble</a> (1952–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Devore" title="Hugh Devore">Hugh Devore</a> (1956–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Shaw" title="Buck Shaw">Buck Shaw</a> (1958–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Skorich" title="Nick Skorich">Nick Skorich</a> (1961–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Kuharich" title="Joe Kuharich">Joe Kuharich</a> (1964–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Williams_(American_football)" title="Jerry Williams (American football)">Jerry Williams</a> (1969–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Khayat" title="Ed Khayat">Ed Khayat</a> (1971–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_McCormack_(American_football)" title="Mike McCormack (American football)">Mike McCormack</a> (1973–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Vermeil" title="Dick Vermeil">Dick Vermeil</a> (1976–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Campbell" title="Marion Campbell">Marion Campbell</a> (1983–1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Bruney" title="Fred Bruney">Fred Bruney</a> # (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Ryan" title="Buddy Ryan">Buddy Ryan</a> (1986–1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rich_Kotite" title="Rich Kotite">Rich Kotite</a> (1991–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Rhodes" title="Ray Rhodes">Ray Rhodes</a> (1995–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Reid" title="Andy Reid">Andy Reid</a> (1999–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_Kelly" title="Chip Kelly">Chip Kelly</a> (2013–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Shurmur" title="Pat Shurmur">Pat Shurmur</a> # (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Pederson" title="Doug Pederson">Doug Pederson</a> (2016–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Sirianni" title="Nick Sirianni">Nick Sirianni</a> (2021–present)</li></ul> # denotes interim head coach </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia_Eagles_general_managers97" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #004851 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A2AAAD, inset -2px -2px 0 #A2AAAD;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_general_managers" title="Template:Philadelphia Eagles general managers"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Eagles_general_managers" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Eagles general managers"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_general_managers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Eagles general managers"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia_Eagles_general_managers97" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles general managers</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> # (1936–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Thayer_(American_football_executive)" title="Harry Thayer (American football executive)">Harry Thayer</a> (1941–1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Ennis" title="Al Ennis">Al Ennis</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Ewart" title="Charley Ewart">Charley Ewart</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_McNally" title="Vince McNally">Vince McNally</a> (1949–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Kuharich" title="Joe Kuharich">Joe Kuharich</a> # (1964−1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Retzlaff" title="Pete Retzlaff">Pete Retzlaff</a> (1969–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Murray_(American_football)" title="Jim Murray (American football)">Jim Murray</a> (1973–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Tose_Spencer" title="Susan Tose Spencer">Susan Tose Spencer</a> # (1983–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Gamble" title="Harry Gamble">Harry Gamble</a> (1985–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Rhodes" title="Ray Rhodes">Ray Rhodes</a> # (1995–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Modrak" title="Tom Modrak">Tom Modrak</a> (1998−2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Reid" title="Andy Reid">Andy Reid</a> # (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Heckert_Jr." title="Tom Heckert Jr.">Tom Heckert Jr.</a> (2006–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howie_Roseman" title="Howie Roseman">Howie Roseman</a> (2010–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_Kelly" title="Chip Kelly">Chip Kelly</a> # (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howie_Roseman" title="Howie Roseman">Howie Roseman</a> (2016–present)</li></ul> # denotes de facto general manager </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches1221" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFB612 !important; color: #000000 !important;;background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #FFB612, inset -2px -2px 0 #FFB612;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches" title="Template:Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches" title="Template talk:Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches1221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches" title="List of Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches">Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFB612 !important; color: #000000 !important;"><div>Formerly the Pittsburgh Pirates (1933–1939)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Douds" title="Forrest Douds">Forrest Douds</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luby_DiMeolo" title="Luby DiMeolo">Luby DiMeolo</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bach" title="Joe Bach">Joe Bach</a> (1935–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%22Blood%22_McNally" title="Johnny "Blood" McNally">Johnny "Blood" McNally</a> (1937–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Walt Kiesling</a> (1939–1940)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Donelli" title="Aldo Donelli">Aldo Donelli</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Walt Kiesling</a> (1941–1942)</li> <li>No team (1943–1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leonard_(American_football,_born_1910)" title="Jim Leonard (American football, born 1910)">Jim Leonard</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jock_Sutherland" title="Jock Sutherland">Jock Sutherland</a> (1946–1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Michelosen" title="John Michelosen">John Michelosen</a> (1948–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bach" title="Joe Bach">Joe Bach</a> (1952–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Walt Kiesling</a> (1954–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Parker" title="Buddy Parker">Buddy Parker</a> (1957–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Nixon" title="Mike Nixon">Mike Nixon</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Austin_(American_football,_born_1928)" title="Bill Austin (American football, born 1928)">Bill Austin</a> (1966–1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Noll" title="Chuck Noll">Chuck Noll</a> (1969–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cowher" title="Bill Cowher">Bill Cowher</a> (1992–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tomlin" title="Mike Tomlin">Mike Tomlin</a> (2007–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NFL_commissioners82" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #D50A0A, inset -2px -2px 0 #D50A0A;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NFL_commissioners" title="Template:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NFL_commissioners" title="Template talk:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NFL_commissioners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NFL commissioners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NFL_commissioners82" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_the_NFL" title="Commissioner of the NFL">NFL commissioners</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Joseph Carr</a> (1921–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Storck" title="Carl Storck">Carl Storck</a> (1939–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Layden" title="Elmer Layden">Elmer Layden</a> (1941–1946)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a> (1946–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin_Gunsel" title="Austin Gunsel">Austin Gunsel</a> # (1959–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Pete Rozelle</a> (1960–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tagliabue" title="Paul Tagliabue">Paul Tagliabue</a> (1989–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Goodell" title="Roger Goodell">Roger Goodell</a> (2006–present)</li></ul> # denotes interim status </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame113" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #004851 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A2AAAD, inset -2px -2px 0 #A2AAAD;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philadelphia_Eagles_Hall_of_Fame113" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles#Eagles_Hall_of_Fame" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1948_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1948 Philadelphia Eagles season">1948 Championship team</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1949_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1949 Philadelphia Eagles season">1949 Championship team</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1960_Philadelphia_Eagles_season" title="1960 Philadelphia Eagles season">1960 Championship team</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/David_Akers" title="David Akers">David Akers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eric_Allen" title="Eric Allen">Eric Allen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maxie_Baughan" title="Maxie Baughan">Maxie Baughan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bednarik" title="Chuck Bednarik">Chuck Bednarik</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bergey" title="Bill Bergey">Bill Bergey</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bill_Bradley_(American_football)" title="Bill Bradley (American football)">Bill Bradley</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tom_Brookshier" title="Tom Brookshier">Tom Brookshier</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown_(offensive_lineman)" title="Bob Brown (offensive lineman)">Bob Brown</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Brown" title="Jerome Brown">Jerome Brown</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Timothy_Brown_(actor)" title="Timothy Brown (actor)">Timmy Brown</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leo_Carlin" title="Leo Carlin">Leo Carlin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Harold_Carmichael" title="Harold Carmichael">Harold Carmichael</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trent_Cole" title="Trent Cole">Trent Cole</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Randall_Cunningham" title="Randall Cunningham">Randall Cunningham</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Otho_Davis" title="Otho Davis">Otho Davis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dawkins" title="Brian Dawkins">Brian Dawkins</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Douglas_(American_football)" title="Hugh Douglas (American football)">Hugh Douglas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gallagher_(American_football)" title="Jim Gallagher (American football)">Jim Gallagher</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewitt_(American_football)" title="Bill Hewitt (American football)">Bill Hewitt</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ron_Jaworski" title="Ron Jaworski">Ron Jaworski</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Johnson_(American_football)" title="Jim Johnson (American football)">Jim Johnson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Seth_Joyner" title="Seth Joyner">Seth Joyner</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Jurgensen" title="Sonny Jurgensen">Sonny Jurgensen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ollie_Matson" title="Ollie Matson">Ollie Matson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/LeSean_McCoy" title="LeSean McCoy">LeSean McCoy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McDonald_(American_football)" title="Tommy McDonald (American football)">Tommy McDonald</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Donovan_McNabb" title="Donovan McNabb">Donovan McNabb</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Wilbert_Montgomery" title="Wilbert Montgomery">Wilbert Montgomery</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Greasy_Neale" title="Greasy Neale">Earle "Greasy" Neale</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pete_Pihos" title="Pete Pihos">Pete Pihos</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Quick" title="Mike Quick">Mike Quick</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Merrill_Reese" title="Merrill Reese">Merrill Reese</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pete_Retzlaff" title="Pete Retzlaff">Pete Retzlaff</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ringo" title="Jim Ringo">Jim Ringo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jon_Runyan" title="Jon Runyan">Jon Runyan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Clyde_Simmons" title="Clyde Simmons">Clyde Simmons</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Sisemore" title="Jerry Sisemore">Jerry Sisemore</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tra_Thomas" title="Tra Thomas">Tra Thomas</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Trotter" title="Jeremiah Trotter">Jeremiah Trotter</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Norm_Van_Brocklin" title="Norm Van Brocklin">Norm Van Brocklin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Steve_Van_Buren" title="Steve Van Buren">Steve Van Buren</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dick_Vermeil" title="Dick Vermeil">Dick Vermeil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Troy_Vincent" title="Troy Vincent">Troy Vincent</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Walston" title="Bobby Walston">Bobby Walston</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stan_Walters" title="Stan Walters">Stan Walters</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brian_Westbrook" title="Brian Westbrook">Brian Westbrook</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reggie_White" title="Reggie White">Reggie White</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Al_Wistert" title="Al Wistert">Al Wistert</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Alex_Wojciechowicz" title="Alex Wojciechowicz">Alex Wojciechowicz</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1963191" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #D50A0A, inset -2px -2px 0 #D50A0A;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1963_Football_HOF" title="Template:1963 Football HOF"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1963_Football_HOF" title="Template talk:1963 Football HOF"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1963_Football_HOF" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1963 Football HOF"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1963191" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees">Class of 1963</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Baugh" title="Sammy Baugh">Sammy Baugh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bert Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Joseph Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Clark" title="Dutch Clark">Dutch Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">Red Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">George Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Hein" title="Mel Hein">Mel Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Pete Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Cal Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hutson" title="Don Hutson">Don Hutson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Curly Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Mara" title="Tim Mara">Tim Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Preston_Marshall" title="George Preston Marshall">George Preston Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%22Blood%22_McNally" title="Johnny "Blood" McNally">Johnny "Blood" McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">Bronko Nagurski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Nevers" title="Ernie Nevers">Ernie Nevers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe">Jim Thorpe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame354" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Template:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Template talk:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_members" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pro Football Hall of Fame members"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame354" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees">Members</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame" title="Pro Football Hall of Fame">Pro Football Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Quarterbacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Aikman" title="Troy Aikman">Aikman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Baugh" title="Sammy Baugh">Baugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Blanda" title="George Blanda">Blanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Bradshaw" title="Terry Bradshaw">Bradshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Clark" title="Dutch Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman" title="Jimmy Conzelman">Conzelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Dawson" title="Len Dawson">L. Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddy_Driscoll" title="Paddy Driscoll">Driscoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Elway" title="John Elway">Elway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Favre" title="Brett Favre">Favre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Fouts" title="Dan Fouts">Fouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Friedman" title="Benny Friedman">Friedman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Graham" title="Otto Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Griese" title="Bob Griese">Griese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Herber" title="Arnie Herber">Herber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Jurgensen" title="Sonny Jurgensen">Jurgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kelly" title="Jim Kelly">J. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Layne" title="Bobby Layne">Layne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Luckman" title="Sid Luckman">Luckman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Marino" title="Dan Marino">Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Montana" title="Joe Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Moon" title="Warren Moon">Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Namath" title="Joe Namath">Namath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ace_Parker" title="Ace Parker">A. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Stabler" title="Ken Stabler">Stabler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart_Starr" title="Bart Starr">Starr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Staubach" title="Roger Staubach">Staubach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran_Tarkenton" title="Fran Tarkenton">Tarkenton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y._A._Tittle" title="Y. A. Tittle">Tittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Unitas" title="Johnny Unitas">Unitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Van_Brocklin" title="Norm Van Brocklin">Van Brocklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Warner" title="Kurt Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Waterfield" title="Bob Waterfield">Waterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Young" title="Steve Young">S. Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Running backs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Allen" title="Marcus Allen">M. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Battles" title="Cliff Battles">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Bettis" title="Jerome Bettis">Bettis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Brown" title="Jim Brown">J. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Campbell" title="Earl Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Canadeo" title="Tony Canadeo">Canadeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Csonka" title="Larry Csonka">Csonka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell_Davis" title="Terrell Davis">T. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dickerson" title="Eric Dickerson">Dickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Dorsett" title="Tony Dorsett">Dorsett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dudley" title="Bill Dudley">Dudley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Faulk" title="Marshall Faulk">Faulk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gifford" title="Frank Gifford">Gifford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Grange" title="Red Grange">Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Guyon" title="Joe Guyon">Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Harris" title="Franco Harris">F. Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarke_Hinkle" title="Clarke Hinkle">Hinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hornung" title="Paul Hornung">Hornung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgerrin_James" title="Edgerrin James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Johnson" title="John Henry Johnson">J. H. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leroy_Kelly" title="Leroy Kelly">L. Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuffy_Leemans" title="Tuffy Leemans">Leemans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floyd_Little" title="Floyd Little">F. Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Martin" title="Curtis Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollie_Matson" title="Ollie Matson">Matson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_McAfee" title="George McAfee">McAfee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_McElhenny" title="Hugh McElhenny">McElhenny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%22Blood%22_McNally" title="Johnny "Blood" McNally">J. McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenny_Moore" title="Lenny Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Motley" title="Marion Motley">Motley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronko_Nagurski" title="Bronko Nagurski">Nagurski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Nevers" title="Ernie Nevers">Nevers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Payton" title="Walter Payton">Payton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Perry_(American_football)" title="Joe Perry (American football)">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Pollard" title="Fritz Pollard">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Riggins" title="John Riggins">Riggins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Sanders" title="Barry Sanders">B. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gale_Sayers" title="Gale Sayers">Sayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmitt_Smith" title="Emmitt Smith">E. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Strong" title="Ken Strong">Strong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Taylor_(fullback)" title="Jim Taylor (fullback)">Ji. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurman_Thomas" title="Thurman Thomas">T. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thorpe" title="Jim Thorpe">Thorpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaDainian_Tomlinson" title="LaDainian Tomlinson">Tomlinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Trippi" title="Charley Trippi">Trippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Van_Buren" title="Steve Van Buren">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doak_Walker" title="Doak Walker">Walker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wide receivers / ends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lance_Alworth" title="Lance Alworth">Alworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Badgro" title="Red Badgro">Badgro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Berry" title="Raymond Berry">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Biletnikoff" title="Fred Biletnikoff">Biletnikoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Branch" title="Cliff Branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Brown_(American_football)" title="Tim Brown (American football)">T. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Bruce" title="Isaac Bruce">Bruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Carmichael" title="Harold Carmichael">Carmichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cris_Carter" title="Cris Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Chamberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Fears" title="Tom Fears">Fears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Flaherty" title="Ray Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Harrison" title="Marvin Harrison">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hayes" title="Bob Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Hewitt_(American_football)" title="Bill Hewitt (American football)">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elroy_Hirsch" title="Elroy Hirsch">Hirsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hutson" title="Don Hutson">Hutson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Irvin" title="Michael Irvin">Irvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Johnson" title="Andre Johnson">A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Johnson" title="Calvin Johnson">C. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Joiner" title="Charlie Joiner">Joiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Largent" title="Steve Largent">Largent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Lavelli" title="Dante Lavelli">Lavelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lofton" title="James Lofton">Lofton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Maynard" title="Don Maynard">Maynard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McDonald_(American_football)" title="Tommy McDonald (American football)">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Millner" title="Wayne Millner">Millner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Mitchell" title="Bobby Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Monk" title="Art Monk">Monk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Moss" title="Randy Moss">Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrell_Owens" title="Terrell Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drew_Pearson_(American_football)" title="Drew Pearson (American football)">Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Pihos" title="Pete Pihos">Pihos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Reed" title="Andre Reed">A. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Rice" title="Jerry Rice">Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_Sharpe" title="Sterling Sharpe">St. Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Speedie" title="Mac Speedie">Speedie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stallworth" title="John Stallworth">Stallworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Swann" title="Lynn Swann">Swann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Taylor" title="Charley Taylor">C. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Warfield" title="Paul Warfield">Warfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tight ends</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Casper" title="Dave Casper">Casper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ditka" title="Mike Ditka">Ditka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gates" title="Antonio Gates">Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gonzalez" title="Tony Gonzalez">Gonzalez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mackey_(American_football)" title="John Mackey (American football)">Mackey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozzie_Newsome" title="Ozzie Newsome">Newsome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Sanders" title="Charlie Sanders">C. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_Sharpe" title="Shannon Sharpe">Sh. Sharpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Smith" title="Jackie Smith">J. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellen_Winslow" title="Kellen Winslow">Winslow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Offensive linemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Allen" title="Larry Allen">L. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Boselli" title="Tony Boselli">Boselli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Brown_(offensive_lineman)" title="Bob Brown (offensive lineman)">B. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosey_Brown" title="Rosey Brown">R. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Covert" title="Jim Covert">Covert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Creekmur" title="Lou Creekmur">Creekmur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dermontti_Dawson" title="Dermontti Dawson">D. Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_DeLamielleure" title="Joe DeLamielleure">DeLamielleure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Dierdorf" title="Dan Dierdorf">Dierdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Faneca" title="Alan Faneca">Faneca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gatski" title="Frank Gatski">Gatski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forrest_Gregg" title="Forrest Gregg">Gregg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russ_Grimm" title="Russ Grimm">Grimm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hannah_(American_football)" title="John Hannah (American football)">Hannah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Hickerson" title="Gene Hickerson">Hickerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Hill" title="Winston Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Hutchinson_(American_football)" title="Steve Hutchinson (American football)">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Jones_(American_football)" title="Stan Jones (American football)">S. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Jones_(American_football)" title="Walter Jones (American football)">W. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Kramer" title="Jerry Kramer">Kramer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Langer" title="Jim Langer">Langer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Little" title="Larry Little">L. Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Mack" title="Tom Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Matthews_(American_football)" title="Bruce Matthews (American football)">Matthews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Mawae" title="Kevin Mawae">Mawae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_McCormack_(American_football)" title="Mike McCormack (American football)">McCormack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_McDaniel" title="Randall McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Mix" title="Ron Mix">Mix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Munchak" title="Mike Munchak">Munchak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="Anthony Muñoz">Muñoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Ogden" title="Jonathan Ogden">Ogden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Otto" title="Jim Otto">Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Pace" title="Orlando Pace">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Parker_(American_football)" title="Jim Parker (American football)">J. Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ringo" title="Jim Ringo">Ringo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Roaf" title="Willie Roaf">Roaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Shaw" title="Billy Shaw">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Shell" title="Art Shell">A. Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Shields" title="Will Shields">Shields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Slater" title="Jackie Slater">J. Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_St._Clair" title="Bob St. Clair">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Stanfel" title="Dick Stanfel">Stanfel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Stephenson" title="Dwight Stephenson">Stephenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Thomas_(offensive_tackle)" title="Joe Thomas (offensive tackle)">J. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Tingelhoff" title="Mick Tingelhoff">Tingelhoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Upshaw" title="Gene Upshaw">Upshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Webster" title="Mike Webster">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayfield_Wright" title="Rayfield Wright">Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Yary" title="Ron Yary">Yary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Zimmerman" title="Gary Zimmerman">Zimmerman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-modern era two-way players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turk_Edwards" title="Turk Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Fortmann" title="Dan Fortmann">Fortmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Healey" title="Ed Healey">Healey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Hein" title="Mel Hein">Hein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Henry" title="Pete Henry">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Kiesling" title="Walt Kiesling">Kiesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruiser_Kinard" title="Bruiser Kinard">Kinard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_Lyman" title="Link Lyman">Lyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Michalske" title="Mike Michalske">Michalske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Musso" title="George Musso">Musso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Owen_(American_football)" title="Steve Owen (American football)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Slater" title="Duke Slater">D. Slater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Stydahar" title="Joe Stydahar">Stydahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Trafton" title="George Trafton">Trafton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulldog_Turner" title="Bulldog Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Wojciechowicz" title="Alex Wojciechowicz">Wojciechowicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defensive linemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Allen" title="Jared Allen">J. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doug_Atkins" title="Doug Atkins">Atkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elvin_Bethea" title="Elvin Bethea">Bethea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_Buchanan" title="Buck Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curley_Culp" title="Curley Culp">Culp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Davis_(defensive_end)" title="Willie Davis (defensive end)">W. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Dean" title="Fred Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Dent" title="Richard Dent">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Doleman" title="Chris Doleman">Doleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Donovan" title="Art Donovan">Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Eller" title="Carl Eller">Eller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Len_Ford" title="Len Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Freeney" title="Dwight Freeney">Freeney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Greene" title="Joe Greene">J. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Haley" title="Charles Haley">Haley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Hampton" title="Dan Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Humphrey" title="Claude Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon_Jones" title="Deacon Jones">D. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jordan" title="Henry Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Karras" title="Alex Karras">Karras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortez_Kennedy" title="Cortez Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Klecko" title="Joe Klecko">Klecko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lilly" title="Bob Lilly">Lilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howie_Long" title="Howie Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gino_Marchetti" title="Gino Marchetti">Marchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_McMichael" title="Steve McMichael">McMichael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Nomellini" title="Leo Nomellini">Nomellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Olsen" title="Merlin Olsen">Olsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Page" title="Alan Page">Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Peppers" title="Julius Peppers">Peppers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randle" title="John Randle">Randle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Robustelli" title="Andy Robustelli">Robustelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Sapp" title="Warren Sapp">Sapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Roy_Selmon" title="Lee Roy Selmon">Selmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Seymour" title="Richard Seymour">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Smith" title="Bruce Smith">B. Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sprinkle" title="Ed Sprinkle">Sprinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Stautner" title="Ernie Stautner">Stautner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Strahan" title="Michael Strahan">Strahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Taylor_(American_football)" title="Jason Taylor (American football)">Ja. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnie_Weinmeister" title="Arnie Weinmeister">Weinmeister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_White_(American_football)" title="Randy White (American football)">Ra. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggie_White" title="Reggie White">Re. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Willis" title="Bill Willis">B. Willis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Young" title="Bryant Young">B. Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Youngblood" title="Jack Youngblood">Youngblood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Linebackers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Bednarik" title="Chuck Bednarik">Bednarik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bell" title="Bobby Bell">Bo. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Brazile" title="Robert Brazile">Brazile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Brooks" title="Derrick Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Buoniconti" title="Nick Buoniconti">Buoniconti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Butkus" title="Dick Butkus">Butkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Carson" title="Harry Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Connor_(American_football)" title="George Connor (American football)">Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(linebacker)" title="Bill George (linebacker)">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Gradishar" title="Randy Gradishar">Gradishar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Greene" title="Kevin Greene">K. Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Ham" title="Jack Ham">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hanburger" title="Chris Hanburger">Hanburger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Hendricks" title="Ted Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Howley" title="Chuck Howley">Howley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Huff" title="Sam Huff">Huff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickey_Jackson" title="Rickey Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lambert_(American_football)" title="Jack Lambert (American football)">Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Lanier" title="Willie Lanier">Lanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Lewis" title="Ray Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Mills" title="Sam Mills">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Nitschke" title="Ray Nitschke">Nitschke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Richter" title="Les Richter">Richter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Robinson_(American_football)" title="Dave Robinson (American football)">D. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Schmidt_(American_football)" title="Joe Schmidt (American football)">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_Seau" title="Junior Seau">Seau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Singletary" title="Mike Singletary">Singletary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Taylor" title="Lawrence Taylor">L. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Thomas" title="Derrick Thomas">D. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zach_Thomas" title="Zach Thomas">Z. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Tippett" title="Andre Tippett">Tippett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Urlacher" title="Brian Urlacher">Urlacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeMarcus_Ware" title="DeMarcus Ware">Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Wilcox" title="Dave Wilcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Willis" title="Patrick Willis">P. Willis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defensive backs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Adderley" title="Herb Adderley">Adderley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Allen" title="Eric Allen">E. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Atwater" title="Steve Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Bailey" title="Champ Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronde_Barber" title="Ronde Barber">Barber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lem_Barney" title="Lem Barney">Barney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Blount" title="Mel Blount">Blount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Brown_(American_football)" title="Willie Brown (American football)">W. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Butler_(American_football)" title="Jack Butler (American football)">J. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeRoy_Butler" title="LeRoy Butler">L. Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Christiansen" title="Jack Christiansen">Christiansen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dawkins" title="Brian Dawkins">Dawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Dillon" title="Bobby Dillon">Dillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Easley" title="Kenny Easley">Easley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrell_Green" title="Darrell Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_Harris" title="Cliff Harris">C. Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Haynes_(cornerback)" title="Mike Haynes (cornerback)">Haynes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Houston" title="Ken Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Johnson_(cornerback)" title="Jimmy Johnson (cornerback)">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Krause" title="Paul Krause">Krause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Train_Lane" title="Night Train Lane">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_Lary" title="Yale Lary">Lary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ty_Law" title="Ty Law">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_LeBeau" title="Dick LeBeau">LeBeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Lott" title="Ronnie Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lynch_(American_football)" title="John Lynch (American football)">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Polamalu" title="Troy Polamalu">Polamalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Reed" title="Ed Reed">E. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Renfro" title="Mel Renfro">Renfro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darrelle_Revis" title="Darrelle Revis">Revis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Riley" title="Ken Riley">Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Robinson_(safety)" title="Johnny Robinson (safety)">J. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deion_Sanders" title="Deion Sanders">D. Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donnie_Shell" title="Donnie Shell">D. Shell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmitt_Thomas" title="Emmitt Thomas">E. Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emlen_Tunnell" title="Emlen Tunnell">Tunnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wehrli" title="Roger Wehrli">Wehrli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_Williams" title="Aeneas Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Wilson_(American_football)" title="Larry Wilson (American football)">L. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wood" title="Willie Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Woodson" title="Charles Woodson">C. Woodson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Woodson" title="Rod Woodson">R. Woodson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morten_Andersen" title="Morten Andersen">Andersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Groza" title="Lou Groza">Groza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Guy" title="Ray Guy">Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devin_Hester" title="Devin Hester">Hester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Stenerud" title="Jan Stenerud">Stenerud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coaches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Allen_(American_football_coach)" title="George Allen (American football coach)">G. Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Brown" title="Paul Brown">P. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Chamberlin" title="Guy Chamberlin">Chamberlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Conzelman" title="Jimmy Conzelman">Conzelman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Coryell" title="Don Coryell">Coryell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cowher" title="Bill Cowher">Cowher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Dungy" title="Tony Dungy">Dungy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeb_Ewbank" title="Weeb Ewbank">Ewbank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Flaherty" title="Ray Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Flores" title="Tom Flores">Flores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Gibbs" title="Joe Gibbs">Gibbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Gillman" title="Sid Gillman">Gillman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Grant" title="Bud Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Johnson_(American_football_coach)" title="Jimmy Johnson (American football coach)">J. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Landry" title="Tom Landry">Landry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marv_Levy" title="Marv Levy">Levy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Lombardi" title="Vince Lombardi">Lombardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Madden" title="John Madden">Madden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greasy_Neale" title="Greasy Neale">Neale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Noll" title="Chuck Noll">Noll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Owen_(American_football)" title="Steve Owen (American football)">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Parcells" title="Bill Parcells">Parcells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Shula" title="Don Shula">Shula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Stram" title="Hank Stram">Stram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Vermeil" title="Dick Vermeil">Vermeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Walsh_(American_football_coach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Walsh (American football coach)">Walsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Contributors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Beathard" title="Bobby Beathard">Beathard</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Be. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bidwill" title="Charles Bidwill">Bidwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Bowlen" title="Pat Bowlen">Bowlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Brandt" title="Gil Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Carr" title="Joseph Carr">Carr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Davis" title="Al Davis">A. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._DeBartolo_Jr." title="Edward J. DeBartolo Jr.">DeBartolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Finks" title="Jim Finks">Finks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Halas" title="George Halas">Halas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Hunt" title="Lamar Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Jones" title="Jerry Jones">J. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curly_Lambeau" title="Curly Lambeau">Lambeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Mara" title="Tim Mara">T. Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington_Mara" title="Wellington Mara">W. Mara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Preston_Marshall" title="George Preston Marshall">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_McNally" title="Art McNally">A. McNally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nunn_(American_football)" title="Bill Nunn (American football)">Nunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Polian" title="Bill Polian">Polian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorty_Ray" title="Shorty Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Reeves_(American_football_executive)" title="Dan Reeves (American football executive)">Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Rooney" title="Art Rooney">A. Rooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_M._Rooney" title="Dan M. Rooney">D. Rooney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Rozelle" title="Pete Rozelle">Rozelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sabol" title="Ed Sabol">E. Sabol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Sabol" title="Steve Sabol">S. Sabol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Schramm" title="Tex Schramm">Schramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tagliabue" title="Paul Tagliabue">Tagliabue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Wilson" title="Ralph Wilson">R. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Wolf" title="Ron Wolf">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Young_(American_football_executive)" title="George Young (American football executive)">G. Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Italics denotes members who have been elected, but not yet inducted.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&oldid=1276470016">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&oldid=1276470016</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1895_births" title="Category:1895 births">1895 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1959_deaths" title="Category:1959 deaths">1959 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_football_quarterbacks" title="Category:American football quarterbacks">American football quarterbacks</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Jewish_descent" title="Category:American people of Jewish descent">American people of Jewish descent</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Anti-gambling_advocates" title="Category:Anti-gambling advocates">Anti-gambling advocates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Haverford_School_alumni" title="Category:Haverford School alumni">Haverford School alumni</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Philadelphia" title="Category:Military personnel from Philadelphia">Military personnel from Philadelphia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:National_Football_League_commissioners" title="Category:National Football League commissioners">National Football League commissioners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Penn_Quakers_football_coaches" title="Category:Penn Quakers football coaches">Penn Quakers football coaches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Penn_Quakers_football_players" title="Category:Penn Quakers football players">Penn Quakers football players</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philadelphia_Eagles_head_coaches" title="Category:Philadelphia Eagles head coaches">Philadelphia Eagles head coaches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philadelphia_Eagles_owners" title="Category:Philadelphia Eagles owners">Philadelphia Eagles owners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pittsburgh_Steelers_coaches" title="Category:Pittsburgh Steelers coaches">Pittsburgh Steelers coaches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pittsburgh_Steelers_head_coaches" title="Category:Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches">Pittsburgh Steelers head coaches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pittsburgh_Steelers_owners" title="Category:Pittsburgh Steelers owners">Pittsburgh Steelers owners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Players_of_American_football_from_Philadelphia" title="Category:Players of American football from Philadelphia">Players of American football from Philadelphia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Playoff_Bowl" title="Category:Playoff Bowl">Playoff Bowl</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pro_Football_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="Category:Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees">Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Steagles_players_and_personnel" title="Category:Steagles players and personnel">Steagles players and personnel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Temple_Owls_football_coaches" title="Category:Temple Owls football coaches">Temple Owls football coaches</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_non-commissioned_officers" title="Category:United States Army non-commissioned officers">United States Army non-commissioned officers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_personnel_of_World_War_I" title="Category:United States Army personnel of World War I">United States Army personnel of World War I</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_December_2021" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from December 2021">Articles with dead external links from December 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2021" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2021">Articles with dead external links from July 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_January_2019" title="Category:Use mdy dates from January 2019">Use mdy dates from January 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_infobox_military_person_with_embed" title="Category:Pages using infobox military person with embed">Pages using infobox military person with embed</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_embedded_infobox_templates_with_the_title_parameter" title="Category:Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter">Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NFL_player_with_coaching_information" title="Category:NFL player with coaching information">NFL player with coaching information</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infobox_NFL_biography_with_no_defined_positions" title="Category:Infobox NFL biography with no defined positions">Infobox NFL biography with no defined positions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NFL_player_missing_current_team_parameter" title="Category:NFL player missing current team parameter">NFL player missing current team parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Good_articles" title="Category:Good articles">Good articles</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 February 2025, at 00:59 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bert_Bell&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"> Search </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" >Bert Bell</div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"> 6 languages </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"> Add topic </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-d8647bfd6-d2z8b","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.391","walltime":"1.625","ppvisitednodes":{"value":32216,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":292072,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":30422,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":21,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":371220,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1375.078 1 -total"," 25.22% 346.756 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 23.52% 323.447 1 Template:Reflist"," 18.05% 248.173 7 Template:Infobox"," 12.04% 165.499 38 Template:ISBN"," 10.39% 142.916 1 Template:Infobox_NFL_biography"," 7.79% 107.158 3 Template:Team_roster_navbox"," 7.64% 105.015 1 Template:Infobox_officeholder"," 7.35% 101.062 1 Template:Penn_Quakers_quarterback_navbox"," 7.01% 96.365 11 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.621","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":11273022,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7c7c985756-r2pv4","timestamp":"20250220073144","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Bert Bell","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bert_Bell","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4894971","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q4894971","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-12-29T13:26:22Z","dateModified":"2025-02-19T00:59:50Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/83\/Bert_Bell_1949.jpg","headline":"American football player, coach, and executive (1895\u20131959)"}</script> </body> </html>