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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazan (cookware)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="قزان (آنية) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قزان (آنية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B4)" title="Казан (съд) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Казан (съд)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazan_(recipient)" title="Kazan (recipient) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kazan (recipient)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazan_(ustensile_de_cuisine)" title="Kazan (ustensile de cuisine) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kazan (ustensile de cuisine)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%9E%94_(%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%AC)" title="카잔 (도구) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카잔 (도구)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazan_(pentola)" title="Kazan (pentola) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kazan (pentola)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kazan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%81)" title="Қазан (ыдыс) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қазан (ыдыс)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Казан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Казан (готвачки сад) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Казан (готвачки сад)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazan_(kookgerei)" title="Kazan (kookgerei) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kazan (kookgerei)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%B3_(%E8%AA%BF%E7%90%86%E5%99%A8%E5%85%B7)" title="カザン (調理器具) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カザン (調理器具)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qozon_(buyum)" title="Qozon (buyum) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qozon (buyum)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Казан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Казан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%B8h%D0%B8%D1%82)" title="Казан (иhит) – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Казан (иhит)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a 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id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Kazan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kazan (disambiguation)">Kazan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of large cooking pot</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Kazan_(cookware)" title="Special:EditPage/Kazan (cookware)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Kazan%22+cookware">"Kazan" cookware</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Kazan%22+cookware+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Kazan%22+cookware&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Kazan%22+cookware+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Kazan%22+cookware">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Kazan%22+cookware&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg/220px-Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg/330px-Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg/440px-Sumalak_being_made_in_a_Kazan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sumalak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumalak">Sumalak</a> being made in a kazan in a ground oven.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>kazan</b> or <b>qazan</b><sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a type of large <a href="/wiki/Cooking_pot" class="mw-redirect" title="Cooking pot">cooking pot</a> used throughout <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Peninsula">Balkan Peninsula</a>, roughly equivalent to a <a href="/wiki/Cauldron" title="Cauldron">cauldron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boiler" title="Boiler">boiler</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Dutch_oven" title="Dutch oven">Dutch oven</a>. They come in a variety of sizes (small modern cooking pots are sometimes referred to as kazans), and are often measured by their <a href="/wiki/Volume" title="Volume">capacity</a>, such as "a 50-litre kazan". Usually their diameter is half a meter.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kazans are made of <a href="/wiki/Cast_iron" title="Cast iron">cast iron</a> or in modern times <a href="/wiki/Aluminum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminum">aluminum</a><sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are used to cook a wide variety of foods, including <i>plov</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">pilaf</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sumalak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sumalak">sumalak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shorpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorpa">shorpa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kesme" title="Kesme">kesme</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bawyrsaq" class="mw-redirect" title="Bawyrsaq">bawyrsaq</a>, and as such are an important element in celebrations when food must be prepared for large numbers of guests. </p><p>Kazans may be suspended over a fire in a variety of ways. Sometimes metal frames (a tripod called <i>sajayaq</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are made, or alternatively (especially for large kazan), a hole may be dug in the ground which will hold the kazan and provide enough space underneath to keep a fire under it—in this case, an access hole is built in the side to allow the fire to be tended, and to <a href="/wiki/Fire#Chemistry" title="Fire">let in air</a>. Smaller kazans may be used on [usually gas] stoves with the help of a specially designed piece of metal that lets the heat [of the flame] transfer to the kazan while at the same time holding it upright and steady. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origin of the word <i>kazan</i> can be ultimately traced back to <a href="/wiki/Old_Turkic" title="Old Turkic">Old Turkic</a> verb <i>kaz-</i>, meaning "gouge, carve, hollow out" and <a href="/wiki/Present_participle" class="mw-redirect" title="Present participle">present participle</a> suffix of <i>+(g)An</i>. The word evolved to <a href="/wiki/Middle_Turkic_languages" title="Middle Turkic languages">Middle Turkic</a> as <i>kazğan</i>, meaning "big copper vessel". Oldest written record of the word in any Turkic language is dated back to <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Kashgari" title="Mahmud al-Kashgari">Mahmud al-Kashgari</a>'s 1073 work <i><a href="/wiki/D%C4%ABw%C4%81n_Lugh%C4%81t_al-Turk" title="Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk">Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk</a></i>. It is also mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Codex_Cumanicus" title="Codex Cumanicus">Codex Cumanicus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_hazards">Health hazards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Health hazards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg/330px-Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg/440px-Aluminum_pressure_cooker_kazan_from_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Aluminum Afghani pressure cooker kazan, similar to those found to contain high levels of lead causing lead poisoning in refugee children.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Some nominally aluminium kazans in fact may be made from a mixture of smelted metals, including lead. Such kazans represent a serious health hazard if food prepared from them is eaten, particularly for children. High levels of lead have been found in <a href="/wiki/Pressure_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressure cooking">pressure cooker</a> kazans from Afghanistan.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg/155px-Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg" decoding="async" width="155" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg/233px-Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg/311px-Kazan_Cast_Iron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Kazans seem to have been invented by the Turkic nomads and were used as their basic cooking utensil.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They resemble in shape the Chinese <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">wok</a> or the Indian <a href="/wiki/Karahi" title="Karahi">karahi</a> but differ from them in shape and also lack a handle.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian peoples</a> inhabitants of the western steppes before the Turkic migrations, used different cooking utensils.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They used round bottomed clay and bronze pots having a more big-bellied shape than the hemispherical profile of the kazan.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some peoples neighboring the Turkic peoples adopted the kazan for its usefulness.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Especially in making <i><a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">pilaf</a></i> (rice) for occasions like weddings.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, the kazan was the common symbol of the <a href="/wiki/Janissary" title="Janissary">janissary</a> regiments and they would overturn it to indicate a quarrel with their superiors. This has led to the Turkish expression of "<i>Kazan devirmek</i>" "to overturn the kazan" as a synonym for mutiny.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The kazans of Turkey have adopted the typical flat-bottomed shape of the middle east.<sup id="cite_ref-Walker1997_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shorpo being made in a kazan in Kyrgyzstan."><img alt="Shorpo being made in a kazan in Kyrgyzstan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg/105px-Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg/158px-Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg/210px-Shorpo_cooking_in_Kazan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1082" data-file-height="1236" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Shorpo" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorpo">Shorpo</a> being made in a kazan in Kyrgyzstan.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plov (pilaf) being made in a kazan suspended above a fire using a metal frame."><img alt="Plov (pilaf) being made in a kazan suspended above a fire using a metal frame." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg/120px-Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg/180px-Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg/240px-Paloo_cooking_in_a_Kazan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Plov</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pilaf" title="Pilaf">pilaf</a>) being made in a kazan suspended above a fire using a metal frame.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Frying_boorsoq.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kyrgyz boorsoq being fried in a stove-top kazan."><img alt="Kyrgyz boorsoq being fried in a stove-top kazan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Frying_boorsoq.jpg/120px-Frying_boorsoq.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Frying_boorsoq.jpg/180px-Frying_boorsoq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Frying_boorsoq.jpg/240px-Frying_boorsoq.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kyrgyz <a href="/wiki/Boorsoq" class="mw-redirect" title="Boorsoq">boorsoq</a> being fried in a stove-top kazan.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plov122.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Plov cooking in a kazan."><img alt="Plov cooking in a kazan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Plov122.jpg/120px-Plov122.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Plov122.jpg/180px-Plov122.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Plov122.jpg/240px-Plov122.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="786" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Plov</i> cooking in a kazan.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8;_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toy-kazan - translates to "wedding kazan", a kazan big enough to prepare food for wedding guests"><img alt="Toy-kazan - translates to "wedding kazan", a kazan big enough to prepare food for wedding guests" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/120px-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/180px-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg/240px-%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%3B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3003" data-file-height="1782" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Toy-kazan - translates to "wedding kazan", a kazan big enough to prepare food for wedding guests</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name_of_the_cities">Name of the cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Name of the cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gazandjyk" class="mw-redirect" title="Gazandjyk">Gazandjyk</a> or Kazandzhik currently Bereket - is a city in <a href="/wiki/Balkan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan Province">Balkan Province</a> in western <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>. The name is composed of <i>Kazan</i> and <i>-jyk</i>, a diminutive suffix (denoting <i>small</i> in size), so the name can be translated into English as <i>cauldron-ette</i> or <i>pot-kin</i>. <a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a> is the capital and largest city of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Tatarstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Tatarstan">Republic of Tatarstan</a> in Russia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_vessels" title="List of cooking vessels">List of cooking vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Uzbek_dishes" title="List of Uzbek dishes">List of Uzbek dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">Wok</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Walker1997-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walker1997_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarlan_Walker1997" class="citation book cs1">Harlan Walker (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_uYqTiD7SbcQC/page/243"><i>Food on the Move: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery, 1996</i></a>. Oxford Symposium. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_uYqTiD7SbcQC/page/243">243–44</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-907325-79-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-907325-79-6"><bdi>978-0-907325-79-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+on+the+Move%3A+Proceedings+of+the+Oxford+Symposium+on+Food+and+Cookery%2C+1996&rft.pages=243-44&rft.pub=Oxford+Symposium&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-907325-79-6&rft.au=Harlan+Walker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbub_gb_uYqTiD7SbcQC%2Fpage%2F243&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazan+%28cookware%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/kazan#Turkish">Modern usage of the word "kazan" in Turkish on Wiktionary</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nisanyansozluk.com/?k=kazan">"Kazan"</a>. <i>Nişanyan Sözlük</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ni%C5%9Fanyan+S%C3%B6zl%C3%BCk&rft.atitle=Kazan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnisanyansozluk.com%2F%3Fk%3Dkazan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazan+%28cookware%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFellowsSamyRodriguezWhittaker2022" class="citation journal cs1">Fellows, Katie M.; Samy, Shar; Rodriguez, Yoni; Whittaker, Stephen G. (May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-022-00431-y">"Investigating aluminum cookpots as a source of lead exposure in Afghan refugee children resettled in the United States"</a>. <i>Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology</i>. <b>32</b> (3): 451–460. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41370-022-00431-y">10.1038/s41370-022-00431-y</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1559-064X">1559-064X</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9119854">9119854</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Exposure+Science+%26+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Investigating+aluminum+cookpots+as+a+source+of+lead+exposure+in+Afghan+refugee+children+resettled+in+the+United+States&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=451-460&rft.date=2022-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9119854%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1559-064X&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41370-022-00431-y&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=Katie+M.&rft.au=Samy%2C+Shar&rft.au=Rodriguez%2C+Yoni&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+Stephen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41370-022-00431-y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazan+%28cookware%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoston.gov2023" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.gov/news/public-health-advisory-related-aluminum-afghan-kazan-pressure-cookers">"Public Health Advisory Related to Aluminum Afghan Kazan Pressure Cookers"</a>. <i>Boston.gov</i>. 16 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston.gov&rft.atitle=Public+Health+Advisory+Related+to+Aluminum+Afghan+Kazan+Pressure+Cookers&rft.date=2023-05-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.gov%2Fnews%2Fpublic-health-advisory-related-aluminum-afghan-kazan-pressure-cookers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazan+%28cookware%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFellowsSamyWhittaker2024" class="citation journal cs1">Fellows, Katie M.; Samy, Shar; Whittaker, Stephen G. (2024-05-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41370-024-00686-7?fromPaywallRec=false">"Evaluating metal cookware as a source of lead exposure"</a>. <i>Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology</i>: 1–9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41370-024-00686-7">10.1038/s41370-024-00686-7</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1559-064X">1559-064X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Exposure+Science+%26+Environmental+Epidemiology&rft.atitle=Evaluating+metal+cookware+as+a+source+of+lead+exposure&rft.pages=1-9&rft.date=2024-05-21&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41370-024-00686-7&rft.issn=1559-064X&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=Katie+M.&rft.au=Samy%2C+Shar&rft.au=Whittaker%2C+Stephen+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41370-024-00686-7%3FfromPaywallRec%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKazan+%28cookware%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&oldid=1248329183">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kazan_(cookware)&oldid=1248329183</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Uzbekistani_cuisine" title="Category:Uzbekistani cuisine">Uzbekistani cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cooking_vessels" title="Category:Cooking vessels">Cooking vessels</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_July_2015" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2015">Articles needing additional references from July 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 September 2024, at 22:43<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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