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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American accountant and journalist</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Abner_Eddy_(1850-1909).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a3/William_Abner_Eddy_%281850-1909%29.png/220px-William_Abner_Eddy_%281850-1909%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a3/William_Abner_Eddy_%281850-1909%29.png 1.5x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="336" /></a><figcaption>William Abner Eddy, circa 1890</figcaption></figure> <p><b>William Abner Eddy</b> (January 28, 1850 – December 26, 1909) was an American accountant and journalist famous for his photographic and meteorological experiments with <a href="/wiki/Kite" title="Kite">kites</a>. The scientific significance of Eddy's improvements to kite-flying was short-lived, due to the advent of <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Hargrave" title="Lawrence Hargrave">Lawrence Hargrave</a>'s rectangular box kites. Nevertheless, in the year following Eddy's death, a train of ten Eddy kites reaching an altitude of 23,385 feet (7,128 m) set a height record for several years. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>William A. Eddy was born to a wealthy family in New York City. His father was a Baptist clergyman.<sup id="cite_ref-bayonne_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bayonne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> William's experience with kites started at an early age: When he was 15, he successfully tied a lantern to a hexagonal kite. After graduation from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> he returned to New York, where he would soon work as an accountant for the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Herald" title="New York Herald">New York Herald</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kites">Kites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PicEddyKite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/PicEddyKite.jpg/140px-PicEddyKite.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/PicEddyKite.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>William Eddy with Eddy kite. "Of Bayonne, N.J. / The Scientific Kite Flyer."</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US646375.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US646375.png/140px-US646375.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US646375.png/210px-US646375.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/US646375.png/280px-US646375.png 2x" data-file-width="333" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>US646375 Willian A. Eddy kite patent image, March 27, 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>It seems that Eddy's interest in kites was renewed when he learned about recent advances. In 1883, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Douglas_Archibald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Douglas Archibald (page does not exist)">Douglas Archibald</a> used kites to measure differences in wind velocity. Alexander McAdie repeated <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin" title="Benjamin Franklin">Benjamin Franklin</a>'s kite experiments with an electrometer. In 1887, Eddy heard of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woodbridge_Davis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woodbridge Davis (page does not exist)">Woodbridge Davis</a>' maneuverable kites. Based on accounts of tailless diamond kites common in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, he tried to fill in the missing details. In standard diamond kites the tail was needed for stabilization, but was problematic when chaining several kites in order to reach higher altitudes. He added a bow in the cross spar and a hole at the crossing of the sticks. </p><p>In 1893, the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">World's Columbian Exposition</a> gave him the chance to acquire an authentic <a href="/wiki/Malay_kite" title="Malay kite">Malay kite</a>, which inspired further improvements and led to what is now known as the diamond Eddy kite. He also improved the method for chaining several kites. Previously each kite had been tied to the previous one. Instead, he made the individual kites' lines branch off a common main line. </p><p>Eddy's publication of air temperatures measured with his kites attracted the attention of the <a href="/wiki/American_Meteorological_Society" title="American Meteorological Society">American Meteorological Society</a>. In 1894, he followed an invitation to assist the work of <a href="/wiki/Blue_Hill_Meteorological_Observatory" title="Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory">Blue Hill Meteorological Observatory</a>. He solved the observatory's technical problems, thereby contributing significantly to its reputation. </p><p>On May 30, 1895, Eddy took the first aerial photograph in the Americas. This was 37 years after <a href="/wiki/Nadar_(photographer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nadar (photographer)">Nadar</a>'s first balloon-based photographs and 7 years after <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Batut" title="Arthur Batut">Arthur Batut</a>'s first kite-based photographs. Eddy improved Batut's technique further, and he even experimented with telephony via kites<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with kite-based mirrors.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> regularly reported on Eddy's curious accidents, plans, and results. For example, in 1897: playing children interfered with his experiments during the night.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1898, he hoped to assist the navy in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On Christmas Day 1900, he found that the wild ducks at the coast were flying at 47 miles per hour (76 km/h) at an altitude of 1,500 feet (460 m).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1908, Eddy took kite aerial photographs in order to solve the theft of ice cream from his back porch; one photo showed two men eating the lot.<sup id="cite_ref-bayonne_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bayonne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg/140px-Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg/210px-Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg/280px-Margaret_Eddy_with_her_father%27s_kites.jpg 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>Margaret Eddy with kites, c. 1895</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1887, he married Cynthia S. Huggins (1856–1922<sup id="cite_ref-genealogy_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genealogy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and moved to nearby <a href="/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey" title="Bayonne, New Jersey">Bayonne, New Jersey</a>, where his cousin already lived.<sup id="cite_ref-bayonne_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bayonne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their daughter Margaret was born on January 11, 1888, in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-genealogy_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genealogy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>William Abner Eddy died in Bayonne on December 26, 1909.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-genealogy_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-genealogy-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Margaret married the naturalist <a href="/wiki/Guy_Fleming" title="Guy Fleming">Guy Fleming</a> in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Abner_Eddy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bayonne-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bayonne_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bayonne_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bayonne_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMiddleton1999" class="citation cs2">Middleton, Kathleen M. (1999), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qXOLu65xXgAC&pg=PA48"><i>Bayonne Passages</i></a>, Arcadia Publishing, pp. 48–49, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7524-0563-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7524-0563-6"><bdi>978-0-7524-0563-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bayonne+Passages&rft.pages=48-49&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-7524-0563-6&rft.aulast=Middleton&rft.aufirst=Kathleen+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqXOLu65xXgAC%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97753968/messages-over-kite-wires/">"Messages over kite wires: Telephoning and telegraphing my means of a midair line"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Bayonne, New Jersey. December 7, 1896. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Messages+over+kite+wires%3A+Telephoning+and+telegraphing+my+means+of+a+midair+line&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1896-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97753968%2Fmessages-over-kite-wires%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97754206/new-phase-of-kite-flying/">"New phase of kite flying: Inventor Eddy has a machine to reflect surrounding country"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. August 30, 1897. p. 8<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+phase+of+kite+flying%3A+Inventor+Eddy+has+a+machine+to+reflect+surrounding+country&rft.pages=8&rft.date=1897-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97754206%2Fnew-phase-of-kite-flying%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97754326/kite-flyer-eddy-worried/">"Kite flyer Eddy worried. Boys tamper with his apparatus in the night"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. April 12, 1897. p. 4<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Kite+flyer+Eddy+worried.+Boys+tamper+with+his+apparatus+in+the+night&rft.pages=4&rft.date=1897-04-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97754326%2Fkite-flyer-eddy-worried%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97754437/eddy-and-his-kites/">"Eddy and his kites. The Bayonne expert may go to the front in the government service"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Bayonne, New Jersey. July 2, 1898. p. 3<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Eddy+and+his+kites.+The+Bayonne+expert+may+go+to+the+front+in+the+government+service&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1898-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97754437%2Feddy-and-his-kites%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97754528/speed-of-wild-ducks/">"Speed of wild ducks: Bayonne kite flier finds that they cover more than forty-seven miles an hour"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Bayonne, New Jersey. December 26, 1900. p. 2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Speed+of+wild+ducks%3A+Bayonne+kite+flier+finds+that+they+cover+more+than+forty-seven+miles+an+hour&rft.pages=2&rft.date=1900-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97754528%2Fspeed-of-wild-ducks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-genealogy-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-genealogy_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-genealogy_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-genealogy_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEddy_Family_Association1930" class="citation book cs1">Eddy Family Association (1930). Devereux, Ruth Story (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89062883178;view=1up;seq=17"><i>The Eddy family in America: a genealogy</i></a>. Boston, Mass.: T.O. Metcalf.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eddy+family+in+America%3A+a+genealogy&rft.place=Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pub=T.O.+Metcalf&rft.date=1930&rft.au=Eddy+Family+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbabel.hathitrust.org%2Fcgi%2Fpt%3Fid%3Dwu.89062883178%3Bview%3D1up%3Bseq%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrewer1970" class="citation news cs1">Brewer, Diane (April 1, 1970). "Kids and Parents Vie in Original Designs". <i>San Diego Union</i>. p. 14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Diego+Union&rft.atitle=Kids+and+Parents+Vie+in+Original+Designs&rft.pages=14&rft.date=1970-04-01&rft.aulast=Brewer&rft.aufirst=Diane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/97753462/william-abner-eddy-kite-expert-dead/">"William Abner Eddy, Kite Expert, Dead"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Standard_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn Standard Union">Brooklyn Standard Union</a></i>. December 27, 1909. p. 11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 16,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brooklyn+Standard+Union&rft.atitle=William+Abner+Eddy%2C+Kite+Expert%2C+Dead&rft.pages=11&rft.date=1909-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F97753462%2Fwilliam-abner-eddy-kite-expert-dead%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWilliam+Abner+Eddy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>Except where noted otherwise, all information comes from the following article: </p> <ul><li>White, Bob (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://best-breezes.squarespace.com/william-abner-eddy/"><i>Diamonds in the Sky: The Contributions of William Abner Eddy to Kiting</i>.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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kite">Human-lifting kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indoor_kite" title="Indoor kite">Indoor kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_kite" title="Power kite">Power kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_kite" title="Sport kite">Sport kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paravane_(water_kite)" title="Paravane (water kite)">Water kite</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kite1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Kite icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kite1.png/80px-Kite1.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kite1.png/120px-Kite1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Kite1.png/160px-Kite1.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kite_types" title="Kite types">Types</a> by shape</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_kite" title="Arc kite">Arc kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_kite" title="Bermuda kite">Bermuda kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowed_kite" title="Bowed kite">Bowed kite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rokkaku_dako" title="Rokkaku dako">Rokkaku dako</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_kite" title="Box kite">Box kite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chapi-chapi" title="Chapi-chapi">Chapi-chapi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foil_kite" title="Foil kite">Foil kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inflatable_single-line_kite" title="Inflatable single-line kite">Inflatable single-line kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kytoon" title="Kytoon">Kytoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading_edge_inflatable_kite" title="Leading edge inflatable kite">Leading edge inflatable kite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_kite" title="Bow kite">Bow kite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_kite" title="Malay kite">Malay kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotor_kite" title="Rotor kite">Rotor kite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogallo_wing" title="Rogallo wing">Rogallo wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_sled" title="Scott sled">Scott sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahedral_kite" title="Tetrahedral kite">Tetrahedral kite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wau_bulan" title="Wau bulan">Wau bulan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Activities and<br /> <a href="/wiki/Kite_applications" title="Kite applications">applications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hang_gliding" title="Hang gliding">Hang gliding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_aerial_photography" title="Kite aerial photography">Kite aerial photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighter_kite#Kite_fighting" title="Fighter kite">Kite fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_fishing" title="Kite fishing">Kite fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_rig" title="Kite rig">Kite rigs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kite_landboarding" title="Kite landboarding">Kite landboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowkiting" title="Snowkiting">Snowkiting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_ice_skating" title="Kite ice skating">Kite ice skating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_rollerskating" title="Kite rollerskating">Kite rollerskating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboarding" title="Kiteboarding">Kiteboarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiteboating" title="Kiteboating">Kiteboating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_buggy" title="Kite buggy">Kite buggy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paragliding" title="Paragliding">Paragliding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Powered_paragliding" title="Powered paragliding">Powered paragliding</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasailing" title="Parasailing">Parasailing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kite_control_systems" title="Kite control systems">Kite control systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_line" title="Kite line">Kite line</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kite_mooring" title="Kite mooring">Kite mooring</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barresi" title="John Barresi">John Barresi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">William Abner Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Hargrave" title="Lawrence Hargrave">Lawrence Hargrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lynn" title="Peter Lynn">Peter Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Matisse" title="Jackie Matisse">Jackie Matisse</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sea_Tails" title="Sea Tails">Sea Tails</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Rogallo" title="Francis Rogallo">Francis Rogallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrus_Wong" title="Tyrus Wong">Tyrus Wong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Kitefliers_Association" title="American Kitefliers Association">American Kitefliers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballooning_(spider)" title="Ballooning (spider)">Ballooning (spider)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kite_(geometry)" title="Kite (geometry)">Kite (geometry)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kitelife" title="Kitelife">Kitelife</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kite_festivals" title="List of kite festivals">List of kite festivals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Kites" title="Category:Kites">Category</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3501528#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3501528#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3501528#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/103566950">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmdpQgGqXcmkVkVM3X8G3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2009198888">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pic.nypl.org/constituents/390165">Photographers' 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