CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Hezekiah - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"d98ba11c-9815-49ad-98b2-0766e3c0f160","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Hezekiah","wgTitle":"Hezekiah","wgCurRevisionId":1274115774,"wgRevisionId":1274115774,"wgArticleId":14005,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles containing Biblical Hebrew-language text","Articles containing Akkadian-language text","Articles containing Koinē Greek-language text","Articles containing Latin-language text","Webarchive template wayback links","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from March 2021","All articles lacking reliable references","Articles lacking reliable references from January 2025","All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases", "Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from November 2015","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023","Articles needing more detailed references","Articles needing additional references from December 2020","All articles needing additional references","Articles containing Hebrew-language text","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia","Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia","Commons category link from Wikidata","Year of birth uncertain","Year of death uncertain","Hezekiah","730s BC births","680s BC deaths","8th-century BC kings of Judah","7th-century BC kings of Judah","Jewish royalty"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Hezekiah","wgRelevantArticleId":14005, "wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q244912","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled": false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/1200px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1730"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/800px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1153"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/640px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="922"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Hezekiah - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekiah"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekiah"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hezekiah rootpage-Hezekiah skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hezekiah" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hezekiah" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Hezekiah" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Hezekiah" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biblical_narrative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biblical_narrative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Biblical narrative</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biblical_narrative-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Biblical narrative subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biblical_narrative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dating_of_Biblical_chronology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dating_of_Biblical_chronology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dating of Biblical chronology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dating_of_Biblical_chronology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_and_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_and_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Family and life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_and_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reign_over_Judah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reign_over_Judah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Reign over Judah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reign_over_Judah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restoration_of_the_Temple" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restoration_of_the_Temple"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Restoration of the Temple</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restoration_of_the_Temple-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assyrian_invasion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assyrian_invasion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Assyrian invasion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assyrian_invasion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hezekiah's_construction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hezekiah's_construction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Hezekiah's construction</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hezekiah's_construction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battle_with_Sennacherib's_army" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battle_with_Sennacherib's_army"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Battle with Sennacherib's army</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle_with_Sennacherib's_army-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_of_Sennacherib" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_of_Sennacherib"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Death of Sennacherib</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_of_Sennacherib-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_illness" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_illness"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Later illness</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_illness-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extra-biblical_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extra-biblical_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Extra-biblical records</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Extra-biblical_records-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Extra-biblical records subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Extra-biblical_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Archaeological_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeological_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Archaeological record</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeological_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Increase_in_the_power_of_Judah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Increase_in_the_power_of_Judah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Increase in the power of Judah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Increase_in_the_power_of_Judah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siloam_inscription" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siloam_inscription"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Siloam inscription</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siloam_inscription-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lachish_relief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lachish_relief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Lachish relief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lachish_relief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sennacherib's_Prism_of_Nineveh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sennacherib's_Prism_of_Nineveh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Sennacherib's Prism of Nineveh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sennacherib's_Prism_of_Nineveh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Other records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Historicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rabbinic_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rabbinic_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Rabbinic literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rabbinic_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronological_interpretation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronological_interpretation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Chronological interpretation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Chronological_interpretation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Chronological interpretation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Chronological_interpretation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Academic_debate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_debate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Academic debate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_debate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hezekiah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskia" title="Hiskia – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hiskia" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="حزقيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حزقيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="حزقیا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="حزقیا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Езекія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Езекія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizkia" title="Hizkia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Hizkia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezequies" title="Ezequies – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ezequies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chizkij%C3%A1%C5%A1" title="Chizkijáš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chizkijáš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskija" title="Hiskija – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hiskija" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskija" title="Hiskija – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hiskija" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εζεκίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εζεκίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezequ%C3%ADas" title="Ezequías – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ezequías" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A4izkija" title="Ĥizkija – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥizkija" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezekias" title="Ezekias – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ezekias" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="حزقیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزقیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89z%C3%A9chias" title="Ézéchias – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ézéchias" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizk%C3%ADa_fan_Juda" title="Hizkía fan Juda – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Hizkía fan Juda" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AE-s%C3%AE-k%C3%A2-v%C3%B2ng" title="Hî-sî-kâ-vòng – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Hî-sî-kâ-vòng" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EC%A6%88%ED%82%A4%EC%95%BC" title="히즈키야 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="히즈키야" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezekija" title="Ezekija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ezekija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizkia" title="Hizkia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hizkia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezechia" title="Ezechia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ezechia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95" title="חזקיהו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חזקיהו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ეზეკია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეზეკია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mfalme_Hezekia" title="Mfalme Hezekia – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mfalme Hezekia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ez%C3%A9ki%C3%A1s_j%C3%BAdai_kir%C3%A1ly" title="Ezékiás júdai király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ezékiás júdai király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekia" title="Hezekia – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Hezekia" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE" title="ഹെസക്കിയാ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹെസക്കിയാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B0%D8%A7)" title="حزقيا (ملك يهوذا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حزقيا (ملك يهوذا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizkia" title="Hizkia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hizkia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%82%BC%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A4" title="ヒゼキヤ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒゼキヤ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskia_av_Juda" title="Hiskia av Juda – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hiskia av Juda" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezechiasz_(kr%C3%B3l_Judy)" title="Ezechiasz (król Judy) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ezechiasz (król Judy)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezequias" title="Ezequias – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ezequias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezechia" title="Ezechia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ezechia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Езекия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Езекия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekiah" title="Hezekiah – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Hezekiah" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekiah" title="Hezekiah – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hezekiah" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%99_(%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%99)" title="Језекиљ (краљ) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Језекиљ (краљ)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezekija" title="Ezekija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ezekija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskia" title="Hiskia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hiskia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiskia" title="Hiskia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hiskia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezekias" title="Ezekias – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ezekias" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="เฮเซคียาห์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เฮเซคียาห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hezekiya" title="Hezekiya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hezekiya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%84%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Єзекія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Єзекія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="حزقیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="حزقیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezekias" title="Ezekias – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ezekias" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%96%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95" title="חזקיהו – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="חזקיהו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%B6" title="希西家 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="希西家" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%B6" title="希西家 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="希西家" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q244912#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Hezekiah" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Hezekiah" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Hezekiah" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&oldid=1274115774" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Hezekiah&id=1274115774&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHezekiah"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FHezekiah"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hezekiah&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hezekiah" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Hezekiah" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q244912" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Judah</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hezekiah_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hezekiah (disambiguation)">Hezekiah (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Hezekiah</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/220px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/330px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg/440px-%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1740" data-file-height="2508" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">King Hezekiah on a painting by unknown artist in the choir of <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Mary%27s_Church,_%C3%85hus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Mary's Church, Åhus (page does not exist)">St. Mary's Church, Åhus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankta_Maria_kyrka,_%C3%85hus" class="extiw" title="sv:Sankta Maria kyrka, Åhus">sv</a>]</span>, 17th century</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Judah" title="Kings of Judah">King of Judah</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">Uncertain, reign ended c. 687 BCE<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahaz" title="Ahaz">Ahaz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 739/41 BCE</span><br />probably <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 687 BCE</span> (aged 51–54)<br />probably Jerusalem</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label">Jerusalem</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hephzibah" title="Hephzibah">Hephzibah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Amariah" title="Amariah">Amariah</a>?<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Davidic_line" title="Davidic line">House of David</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ahaz" title="Ahaz">Ahaz</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Abijah_(queen)" title="Abijah (queen)">Abijah</a> (also called Abi)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hezekiah</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Hebrew language">Biblical Hebrew</a>: <span lang="hbo" dir="rtl"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">חִזְקִיָּהוּ</span>‎</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Biblical Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="hbo-Latn">Ḥizqiyyāhu</i></span>), or <b>Ezekias</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (born <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 741 BCE</span>, sole ruler <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 716/15–687/86</span>), was the son of <a href="/wiki/Ahaz" title="Ahaz">Ahaz</a> and the thirteenth king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HarrisGloss_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HarrisGloss-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Biblical narrative, Hezekiah witnessed the destruction of the northern <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Kingdom of Israel</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a> under <a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a> in <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 722 BCE</span>. He was king of Judah during the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_siege_of_Jerusalem" title="Assyrian siege of Jerusalem">Assyrian siege of Jerusalem</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a> in 701 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-Brit_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brit-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Historicity_of_the_Bible" title="Historicity of the Bible">historical accuracy</a> of King Hezekiah’s reign is a topic of academic discussion, with scholars debating the reforms and <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> events based on textual, <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeological</a>, and external evidence.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is considered a very righteous king in both the <a href="/wiki/Second_Book_of_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Book of Kings">Second Book of Kings</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Second_Book_of_Chronicles" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Book of Chronicles">Second Book of Chronicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also one of the more prominent kings of Judah mentioned in the Bible and is one of the kings mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus" title="Genealogy of Jesus">genealogy of Jesus</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Gospel of Matthew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "No king of Judah, among either his predecessors or his successors, could [...] be compared to him", according to <a href="/wiki/2_Kings_18:5" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Kings 18:5">2 Kings 18:5</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-je_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Micah_(prophet)" title="Micah (prophet)">Micah</a> prophesied during his reign.<sup id="cite_ref-HarrisGloss_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HarrisGloss-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name Hezekiah means "Yahweh strengthens" in Hebrew.<sup id="cite_ref-Burns_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burns-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alternately it may be translated as "Yahweh is my strength".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biblical_narrative">Biblical narrative</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Biblical narrative"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dating_of_Biblical_chronology">Dating of Biblical chronology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dating of Biblical chronology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on <a href="/wiki/Edwin_R._Thiele" title="Edwin R. Thiele">Edwin R. Thiele</a>'s dating, Hezekiah was born in c. 741 BCE and died in c. 687 BCE at age 54. Thiele and <a href="/wiki/William_F._Albright" title="William F. Albright">William F. Albright</a> calculated his regnal years arriving at figures very close to each other, c. 715/16 and 686/87 <a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reign_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reign-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Robb Andrew Young dates his reign to 725–696 BCE<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung201222_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung201222-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Gershon_Galil" title="Gershon Galil">Gershon Galil</a> to 726–697/6.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Bible states that the fall of <a href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</a> happened in Hezekiah's 6th year of reign,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> implying that he would have become king in ca. 727 BCE. <a href="/wiki/Nadav_Na%27aman" title="Nadav Na'aman">Nadav Na'aman</a> argues that several late 8th century BCE seal impressions from the Kaufman collection, which mention some places later destroyed during Sennacherib's invasion and thus predate this event, corroborate this date as the inscriptions in the seal impressions include dates that go up to the 26th regnal year.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_and_life">Family and life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Family and life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Bible, Hezekiah was the son of king Ahaz and <a href="/wiki/Abijah_(queen)" title="Abijah (queen)">Abijah</a> (also called Abi),<sup id="cite_ref-je_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> daughter of the high priest Zechariah. Hezekiah married <a href="/wiki/Hephzibah" title="Hephzibah">Hephzibah</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and died from natural causes at the age of 54 around 687 BCE and was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2025)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reign_over_Judah">Reign over Judah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Reign over Judah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg/220px-Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg/330px-Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg/440px-Biblical_Jerusalem_Wall_Remnants.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>Remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Broad_Wall_(Jerusalem)" title="Broad Wall (Jerusalem)">Broad Wall</a> of biblical Jerusalem, built during Hezekiah's days against <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a>'s siege</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the biblical narrative, Hezekiah assumed the throne of Judah at the age of 25 and reigned for 29 years.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some writers <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2015)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> have proposed that Hezekiah served as <a href="/wiki/Coregency" title="Coregency">coregent</a> with his father Ahaz for about 14 years. His sole reign is dated by Albright as 715–687 BCE, and by Thiele as 716–687 BCE (the last ten years being a co-regency with his son Manasseh).<sup id="cite_ref-reign_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reign-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restoration_of_the_Temple">Restoration of the Temple</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Restoration of the Temple"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the Bible, Hezekiah purified and repaired the <a href="/wiki/Solomon%27s_Temple" title="Solomon's Temple">Temple</a>, purged its idols, and reformed the <a href="/wiki/Kohen" title="Kohen">priesthood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Spar_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spar-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an effort to abolish idolatry from his kingdom, he destroyed the <a href="/wiki/High_place" title="High place">high places</a> (or <i>bamot</i>) and the "bronze serpent" (or <i><a href="/wiki/Nehushtan" title="Nehushtan">Nehushtan</a></i>), recorded as being made by <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, which had become objects of idolatrous worship. In place of this, he centralized the worship of God at the Temple in Jerusalem. Hezekiah also defeated the <a href="/wiki/Philistines" title="Philistines">Philistines</a>, "as far as Gaza and its territory",<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and resumed the <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a> pilgrimage and the tradition of inviting the <a href="/wiki/Ten_Lost_Tribes" title="Ten Lost Tribes">scattered tribes of Israel</a> to take part in a Passover festival. </p><p>2 Chronicles 30, but not the parallel account in 2 Kings, records that Hezekiah sent messengers to <a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Ephraim" title="Tribe of Ephraim">Ephraim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Manasseh" title="Tribe of Manasseh">Manasseh</a> inviting them to Jerusalem for the celebration of the Passover. The messengers were scorned, although a few men of the tribes of <a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Asher" title="Tribe of Asher">Asher</a>, Manasseh and <a href="/wiki/Tribe_of_Zebulun" title="Tribe of Zebulun">Zebulun</a> "were humble enough to come" to the city.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the biblical account, the Passover was celebrated with great solemnity and such rejoicing as had not been seen in Jerusalem since the days of <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-je_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The celebration took place during the second month, <a href="/wiki/Iyar" title="Iyar">Iyar</a>, because not enough priests had consecrated themselves in the first month. </p><p>Biblical writer H. P. Mathys suggests that Hezekiah, being unable to restore the <a href="/wiki/United_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="United Monarchy">union of Judah and Israel</a> by political means, used the invitation to the northern tribes as a final religious "attempt to restore the unity of the cult". He notes that this account "is often considered to contain historically reliable elements, especially since negative aspects are also reported on", although he questions the full extent to which it may be considered historically reliable.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assyrian_invasion">Assyrian invasion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Assyrian invasion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib%27s_campaign_in_the_Levant" title="Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant">Sennacherib's campaign in the Levant</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Assyrian_Archers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Assyrian_Archers.jpg/220px-Assyrian_Archers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Assyrian_Archers.jpg/330px-Assyrian_Archers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Assyrian_Archers.jpg/440px-Assyrian_Archers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> archers</figcaption></figure> <p>In 701 BCE, the recently anointed Assyrian king Sennacherib moved to quash rebellion in the east of his empire, invaded Judah and besieged Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Assyrians recorded that Sennacherib lifted his siege of Jerusalem after Hezekiah paid Sennacherib tribute. The Bible records that Hezekiah paid him three hundred <a href="/wiki/Talent_(measurement)" title="Talent (measurement)">talents</a> of silver and thirty of gold as tribute, even sending the doors of the Temple in Jerusalem to produce the promised amount, but, even after the payment was made, Sennacherib renewed his assault on Jerusalem.<sup id="cite_ref-Brazos_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brazos-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hezekiah's_construction"><span id="Hezekiah.27s_construction"></span>Hezekiah's construction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hezekiah's construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Knowing that Jerusalem would eventually be subject to siege, Hezekiah had been preparing for some time by fortifying the walls of the capital, building towers, and constructing a tunnel to bring fresh water to the city from a spring outside its walls.<sup id="cite_ref-Spar_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spar-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He made at least two major preparations that would help Jerusalem to resist conquest: the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Siloam Tunnel">Siloam Tunnel</a>, and construction of the <a href="/wiki/Broad_Wall_(Jerusalem)" title="Broad Wall (Jerusalem)">Broad Wall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Battle_with_Sennacherib's_army"><span id="Battle_with_Sennacherib.27s_army"></span>Battle with Sennacherib's army</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Battle with Sennacherib's army"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_Siege_of_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem">Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg/220px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg/330px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg/440px-Peter_Paul_Rubens_082.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1156" data-file-height="918" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Defeat_of_Sennacherib" title="The Defeat of Sennacherib">The Defeat of Sennacherib</a></i>, oil on panel by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Peter Paul Rubens</a>, seventeenth century</figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_siege_of_Jerusalem" title="Assyrian siege of Jerusalem">Assyrian siege of Jerusalem</a>, the Bible claims that great losses were inflicted upon the Assyrian army, which Sennacherib's inscriptions make no mention of. But, as Professor <a href="/wiki/Jack_Finegan" title="Jack Finegan">Jack Finegan</a> comments: "In view of the general note of boasting which pervades the inscriptions of the Assyrian kings, ... it is hardly to be expected that Sennacherib would record such a defeat."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The version of the matter that Sennacherib presents, as found inscribed on what is known as the <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib%27s_Annals" title="Sennacherib's Annals">Sennacherib Prism</a> preserved in the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Oriental_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Chicago Oriental Institute">University of Chicago Oriental Institute</a>, in part says: "As to Hezekiah, the Jew, he did not submit to my yoke ... Hezekiah himself ... did send me, later, to Nineveh, my lordly city, together with 30 talents of gold, 800 talents of silver, ..."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> mentions the <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire">Assyrian army</a> of Sennacherib being overrun by mice when attacking Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a> gives a quote of <a href="/wiki/Berossus" title="Berossus">Berossus</a> that is quite close to the Biblical account.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_of_Sennacherib">Death of Sennacherib</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Death of Sennacherib"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg/170px-The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg/255px-The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg/340px-The_Flight_of_Adrammelech_Murch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2839" data-file-height="3486" /></a><figcaption><i>The Flight of Adrammelech</i>, Biblical illustration by Arthur Murch</figcaption></figure> <p>Of Sennacherib's death, 2 Kings records: </p> <blockquote><p>"It came about as he was worshiping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sharezer killed him [Sennacherib] with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat. And Esarhaddon his son became king in his place."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>According to Assyrian records, Sennacherib was assassinated in 681 BCE, twenty years after the 701 BCE invasion of Judah.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Neo-Babylonian letter corroborates with the biblical account, a sentiment from Sennacherib's sons to assassinate him, an event <a href="/wiki/Assyriology" title="Assyriology">Assyriologists</a> have reconstructed as historical. The son <a href="/wiki/Arda-Mulissu" title="Arda-Mulissu">Arda-Mulissu</a>, who is mentioned in the letter as killing anyone who would reveal his conspiracy, murdered his father in c. 681 BCE,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was most likely the Adrammelech in <a href="/wiki/2_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Kings">2 Kings</a>, though Sharezer is not known elsewhere.<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Assyriologists posit the murder was motivated because Esarhaddon was chosen as heir to the throne instead of Arda-Mulissu, the next eldest son. Assyrian and Hebrew biblical history corroborate that <a href="/wiki/Esarhaddon" title="Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a> ultimately succeeded the throne. Other Assyriologists assert that Sennacherib was murdered in revenge for his destruction of Babylon, a city sacred to all Mesopotamians, including the Assyrians.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_illness">Later illness</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Later illness"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._(Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg/220px-El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg/330px-El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg/440px-El_Rey_Ezequ%C3%ADas_haciendo_ostentaci%C3%B3n_de_sus_riquezas_ante_los_legados_del_rey_de_Babilonia._%28Museo_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Valencia%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>Hezekiah showing off his wealth to envoys of the Babylonian king, oil on canvas by <a href="/wiki/Vicente_L%C3%B3pez_Porta%C3%B1a" title="Vicente López Portaña">Vicente López Portaña</a>, 1789</figcaption></figure> <p>Later in life, the Bible narrates that Hezekiah experienced illness. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a>, the disease came about because of a dispute between him and Isaiah over who should pay whom a visit and over Hezekiah's refusal to marry and have children, although in the end he married Isaiah's daughter. Some <a href="/wiki/Talmudist" class="mw-redirect" title="Talmudist">Talmudists</a> also considered that it might have come about as a way for Hezekiah to purge his sins or due to his arrogance in assuming his righteousness.<sup id="cite_ref-je_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-je-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extra-biblical_records">Extra-biblical records</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Extra-biblical records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LMLK,_Ezekiah_seals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/LMLK%2C_Ezekiah_seals.jpg/220px-LMLK%2C_Ezekiah_seals.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/LMLK%2C_Ezekiah_seals.jpg/330px-LMLK%2C_Ezekiah_seals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/LMLK%2C_Ezekiah_seals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="220" /></a><figcaption>A stamped bulla of King Hezekiah, "Of Hezekiah (son of) Ahaz King of Judah". Unprovenanced, <a href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" title="Israel Museum">Israel Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Extra-biblical sources specify Hezekiah by name, along with his reign and influence. "Historiographically, his reign is noteworthy for the convergence of a variety of biblical sources and diverse extrabiblical evidence often bearing on the same events. Significant data concerning Hezekiah appear in the <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomist" title="Deuteronomist">Deuteronomistic</a> History, the Chronicler, Isaiah, Assyrian annals and reliefs, Israelite epigraphy, and, increasingly, stratigraphy".<sup id="cite_ref-Anchor_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Amihai_Mazar" title="Amihai Mazar">Amihai Mazar</a> calls the tensions between Assyria and Judah "one of the best-documented events of the Iron Age" (172). Hezekiah's story is one of the best to cross-reference with the rest of the Mid Eastern world's historical documents.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Archaeological_record">Archaeological record</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Archaeological record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah,_king_of_Judah,_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg/220px-Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg/330px-Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg/440px-Cuneiform_Inscription_mentioning_in_details_the_tribute_sent_by_Hezekiah%2C_king_of_Judah%2C_to_Sennacherib._The_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5582" data-file-height="3146" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">cuneiform</a> inscription mentioning in detail the tribute sent by Hezekiah, king of Judah, to Sennacherib. The <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Storage jars with the so-called "<a href="/wiki/LMLK_seal" title="LMLK seal">LMLK seal</a>" may "demonstrate careful preparations to counter Sennacherib's likely route of invasion" and show "a notable degree of royal control of towns and cities which would facilitate Hezekiah's destruction of rural sacrificial sites and his centralization of worship in Jerusalem".<sup id="cite_ref-Anchor_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Evidence suggests they were used throughout his 29-year reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrena2004338_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrena2004338-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are some <a href="/wiki/Bulla_(seal)" title="Bulla (seal)">bullae</a> from sealed documents that may have belonged to Hezekiah himself.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Eilat_Mazar" title="Eilat Mazar">Eilat Mazar</a> <a href="/wiki/King_Hezekiah_bulla" title="King Hezekiah bulla">discovered a bulla</a> that bears an inscription in ancient Hebrew script that translates as: "Belonging to Hezekiah [son of] Ahaz king of Judah."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is the first seal impression of an Israelite or Judean king to come to light in a scientific archaeological excavation.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While another, unprovenanced bulla of King Hezekiah was known, this was the first time a seal impression of Hezekiah had been discovered <a href="/wiki/In_situ" title="In situ">in situ</a> in the course of actual excavations.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeological findings like the <a href="/wiki/Hezekiah_seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Hezekiah seal">Hezekiah seal</a> led scholars to surmise that the ancient Judahite kingdom had a highly developed administrative system.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018 Mazar published a report discussing the discovery of a bulla which she says may have to have belonged to Isaiah. She believes the fragment to have been part of a seal whose complete text might have read "Belonging to Isaiah the prophet."<sup id="cite_ref-Signature_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Signature-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several other biblical archaeologists, including George Washington University's <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rollston" title="Christopher Rollston">Christopher Rollston</a> have pointed to the bulla being incomplete, and the present inscription not enough to necessarily refer to the biblical figure.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Increase_in_the_power_of_Judah">Increase in the power of Judah</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Increase in the power of Judah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the work of archaeologists and philologists, the reign of Hezekiah saw a notable increase in the power of the Judean state. At this time Judah was the strongest nation on the Assyrian–Egyptian frontier.<sup id="cite_ref-Nadav_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nadav-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were increases in literacy and in the production of literary works. The massive construction of the Broad Wall was made during his reign, the city was enlarged to accommodate a large influx, and population increased in Jerusalem up to 25,000, "five times the population under Solomon."<sup id="cite_ref-Anchor_40-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Amihai_Mazar" title="Amihai Mazar">Amihai Mazar</a> explains, "Jerusalem was a virtual city-state where the majority of the state's population was concentrated," in comparison to the rest of Judah's cities (167).<sup id="cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeologist <a href="/wiki/Israel_Finkelstein" title="Israel Finkelstein">Israel Finkelstein</a> says, "The key phenomenon—which cannot be explained solely against the background of economic prosperity—was the sudden growth of the population of Jerusalem in particular, and of Judah in general" (153).<sup id="cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He says the cause of this growth must be a large influx of Israelites fleeing from the Assyrian destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Kingdom">northern state</a>. It is "[t]he only reasonable way to explain this unprecedented demographic development" (154).<sup id="cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This, according to Finkelstein, set the stage for motivations to compile and reconcile Hebrew history into a text at that time (157).<sup id="cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mazar questions this explanation, since, she argues, it is "no more than an educated guess" (167).<sup id="cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Siloam_inscription">Siloam inscription</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Siloam inscription"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siloe5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Siloe5.jpg/220px-Siloe5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Siloe5.jpg/330px-Siloe5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Siloe5.jpg/440px-Siloe5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="957" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Siloam_pool" class="mw-redirect" title="Siloam pool">Siloam pool</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Siloam Tunnel">Siloam Tunnel</a> was chiseled through 533 meters (1,750 feet) of solid rock<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in order to provide Jerusalem underground access to the waters of the <a href="/wiki/Gihon_Spring" title="Gihon Spring">Gihon Spring</a> or <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Pool" class="mw-redirect" title="Siloam Pool">Siloam Pool</a>, which lay outside the city. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Siloam_Inscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Siloam Inscription">Siloam Inscription</a> from the Siloam Tunnel is now in the <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Archaeology_Museums" title="Istanbul Archaeology Museums">Istanbul Archaeology Museum</a>. It "commemorates the dramatic moment when the two original teams of tunnelers, digging with picks from opposite ends of the tunnel, met each other" (564).<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is "[o]ne of the most important ancient Hebrew inscriptions ever discovered."<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finkelstein and Mazar cite this tunnel as an example of Jerusalem's impressive state-level power at the time. </p><p>Archaeologists like <a href="/wiki/William_G._Dever" title="William G. Dever">William G. Dever</a> have pointed at archaeological evidence for the <a href="/wiki/Iconoclasm" title="Iconoclasm">iconoclasm</a> during the period of Hezekiah's reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoulis2019177–8_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoulis2019177–8-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The central cult room of the temple at <a href="/wiki/Arad,_Israel" title="Arad, Israel">Arad</a>, a royal Judean fortress, was deliberately and carefully dismantled, "with the altars and massebot" concealed "beneath a Str. 8 plaster floor". This <a href="/wiki/Stratum" title="Stratum">stratum</a> correlates with the late 8th century; Dever concludes that "the deliberate dismantling of the temple and its replacement by another structure in the days of Hezekiah is an archeological fact. I see no reason for skepticism here."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Lachish_relief">Lachish relief</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Lachish relief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lachish_Relief,_British_Museum_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg/220px-Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg/330px-Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg/440px-Lachish_Relief%2C_British_Museum_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2581" data-file-height="2298" /></a><figcaption>Part of the Lachish Relief, British Museum. Battle scene, showing Assyrian cavalry in action. Above, prisoners are led away.</figcaption></figure> <p>Under <a href="/wiki/Rehoboam" title="Rehoboam">Rehoboam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lachish" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachish">Lachish</a> became the second-most important city of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">kingdom of Judah</a>. During the revolt of king Hezekiah against <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a>, it was captured by Sennacherib despite determined resistance (see <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lachish" title="Siege of Lachish">Siege of Lachish</a>). </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/Lachish_relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachish relief">Lachish relief</a> attests, Sennacherib began his siege of the city of Lachish in 701 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-BibleEnc_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BibleEnc-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Lachish Relief graphically depicts the battle, and the defeat of the city, including Assyrian archers marching up a ramp and Judahites pierced through on mounted stakes. "The reliefs on these slabs" discovered in the Assyrian palace at Nineveh "originally formed a single, continuous work, measuring 8 feet ... tall by 80 feet ... long, which wrapped around the room" (559).<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Visitors "would have been impressed not only by the magnitude of the artwork itself but also by the magnificent strength of the Assyrian war machine."<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sennacherib's_Prism_of_Nineveh"><span id="Sennacherib.27s_Prism_of_Nineveh"></span>Sennacherib's Prism of Nineveh</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sennacherib's Prism of Nineveh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib%27s_Annals" title="Sennacherib's Annals">Sennacherib's Annals</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Six-sided_clay_prism,_side_1,_written_on_behalf_of_Sennacherib,_king_of_Assyria,_and_containing_narratives_of_his_military_campaigns,_704-681_BC_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum,_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07599.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Six-sided_clay_prism%2C_side_1%2C_written_on_behalf_of_Sennacherib%2C_king_of_Assyria%2C_and_containing_narratives_of_his_military_campaigns%2C_704-681_BC_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07599.JPG/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Six-sided_clay_prism%2C_side_1%2C_written_on_behalf_of_Sennacherib%2C_king_of_Assyria%2C_and_containing_narratives_of_his_military_campaigns%2C_704-681_BC_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07599.JPG/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Six-sided_clay_prism%2C_side_1%2C_written_on_behalf_of_Sennacherib%2C_king_of_Assyria%2C_and_containing_narratives_of_his_military_campaigns%2C_704-681_BC_-_Oriental_Institute_Museum%2C_University_of_Chicago_-_DSC07599.JPG/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a><figcaption>A six-sided clay prism containing narratives of Sennacherib's military campaigns, Oriental Institute Museum of Chicago University</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib%27s_Prism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sennacherib's Prism">Sennacherib's Prism</a> was found buried in the foundations of the Nineveh palace. It was written in <a href="/wiki/Cuneiform" title="Cuneiform">cuneiform</a>, the Mesopotamian form of writing of the day. The prism records the conquest of 46 strong towns<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "uncountable smaller places," along with the siege of Jerusalem where Sennacherib says he just "shut him up ... like a bird in a cage,"<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> subsequently enforcing a larger tribute upon him. </p><p>The Hebrew Bible states that during the night, the angel of <a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">YHWH</a> (Hebrew: יהוה) brought death to 185,000 Assyrians troops,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> forcing the army to abandon the siege, yet it also records a tribute paid to Sennacherib of 300 silver talents following the siege. There is no account of the supernatural event in the prism. Sennacherib's account records his levying of a tribute from Hezekiah, a payment of 800 silver talents, which suggests a capitulation to end the siege. However, inscriptions have been discovered describing Sennacherib's defeat of the Ethiopian forces. These say: "As to Hezekiah, the Jew, he did not submit to my yoke, I laid siege to 46 of his strong cities ... and conquered (them). ... Himself I made a prisoner in Jerusalem, his royal residence, like a bird in a cage."<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He does not claim to have captured the city. This is consistent with the Bible account of Hezekiah's revolt against Assyria in the sense that neither account seems to indicate that Sennacherib ever entered or formally captured the city. Sennacherib in this inscription claims that Hezekiah paid for tribute 800 talents of silver, in contrast with the Bible's 300, however this could be due to boastful exaggeration which was not uncommon amongst kings of the period. The annals<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Statement needs to be more specific about the content to which it refers. (June 2023)">specify</span></a></i>]</sup> record a list of booty sent from Jerusalem to Nineveh.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the inscription, Sennacherib claims that Hezekiah accepted servitude, and some theorize that Hezekiah remained on his throne as a vassal ruler.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003314_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003314-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The campaign is recorded with differences in the Assyrian records and in the biblical <a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">Books of Kings</a>; there is agreement that the Assyrian have a propensity for exaggeration.<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003308–309_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003308–309-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One theory that takes the biblical view posits that a defeat was caused by "possibly an outbreak of the bubonic plague".<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another that this is a composite text which makes use of a 'legendary motif' analogous to that of <a href="/wiki/The_Exodus" title="The Exodus">the Exodus</a> story.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Where the 2 Kings account explains giving 300 talents of silver, Sennacherib's prism records 800 talents.<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "This discrepancy may be the result of differences in the weight of Assyrian and Israelite silver talents, or it may simply be due to the Assyrian propensity for exaggeration" (558).<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_records">Other records</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Other records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Greek historian <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a> (c. 484 BCE – c. 425 BCE) wrote of the invasion and acknowledges many Assyrian deaths, which he claims were the result of a plague of mice. The Jewish historian <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a> followed the writings of Herodotus.<sup id="cite_ref-Anchor_40-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These historians record Sennacherib's failure to take Jerusalem as "uncontested".<sup id="cite_ref-Anchor_40-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historicity">Historicity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Historicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historicity of King Hezekiah is debated among scholars, particularly regarding his religious reforms and the Assyrian invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Hezekiah is traditionally credited with centralizing worship in Jerusalem and removing cultic sites, some argue these reforms were influenced by his successor, King <a href="/wiki/Josiah" title="Josiah">Josiah</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or may have been more about consolidating royal power than religious overhaul.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The biblical account of an Assyrian siege led by King <a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a> is also contested, with some scholars suggesting exaggeration or blending of multiple events.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Disagreements over the chronology of Hezekiah’s reign and the timing of his death further complicate the understanding of his historical legacy, with <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> inscriptions and biblical texts remaining key sources in these discussions.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rabbinic_literature">Rabbinic literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Rabbinic literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Hezekiah" title="Special:EditPage/Hezekiah">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Abi saved the life of her son Hezekiah, whom her godless husband, Ahaz, had designed as an offering to <a href="/wiki/Moloch" title="Moloch">Moloch</a>. By anointing him with the blood of the <a href="/wiki/Salamanders_in_folklore" class="mw-redirect" title="Salamanders in folklore">salamander</a>, she enabled him to pass through the fire of Moloch unscathed (Sanh. 63b).<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hezekiah is considered as the model of those who put their trust in the Lord. Only during his sickness did he waver in his hitherto unshaken trust and require a sign, for which he was blamed by Isaiah (Lam. R. i.). The Hebrew name "Ḥizḳiyyah" is considered by the Talmudists to be a surname, meaning either "strengthened by Yhwh" or "he who made a firm alliance between the Israelites and Yhwh"; his eight other names are enumerated in Isa. ix. 5 (Sanh. 94a). He is called the restorer of the study of the Law in the schools, and is said to have planted a sword at the door of the <a href="/wiki/Bet_ha-midrash" class="mw-redirect" title="Bet ha-midrash">bet ha-midrash</a>, declaring that he who would not study the Law should be struck with the weapon and as a result there was no boy or girl in the entire kingdom of Judah who was not familiar with the laws of impurity and purity.(ib. 94b). </p><p>Hezekiah's piety, which, according to the Talmudists, alone occasioned the destruction of the Assyrian army and the signal deliverance of the Israelites when Jerusalem was attacked by Sennacherib, caused him to be considered by some as the Messiah (ib. 99a). According to <a href="/wiki/Bar_Kappara" title="Bar Kappara">Bar Kappara</a>, Hezekiah was destined to be the Messiah, but the attribute of justice ("middat ha-din") protested against this, saying that as David, who sang so much the glory of God, had not been made the Messiah, still less should Hezekiah, for whom so many miracles had been performed, yet who did not sing the praise of God (ib. 94a).[It is also reported that Hezekiah missed this opportunity because he did not sing and give thanks for Sennacherib's downfall.] </p><p>Menachot 109b tells of Hezekiah encouraging others to keep their faith: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">לאחר מפלתו של סנחריב יצא חזקיה ומצא בני מלכים שהיו יושבין בקרונות של זהב הדירו שלא לעבוד עבודת כוכבים</span></span> "After the fall of Sancheriv, Hezekiah encountered princes sitting in golden wagons [presumably the rich folks getting out of town] he made them promise not to worship stars [i.e., not to engage in idolatry]".</p></blockquote> <p>The Talmudists attribute to Hezekiah the redaction of the books of Isaiah, Proverbs, Song of Solomon, and Ecclesiastes (B. B. 15a).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chronological_interpretation">Chronological interpretation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Chronological interpretation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Understanding the biblically recorded sequence of events in Hezekiah's life as chronological or not is critical to the contextual interpretation of his reign. According to scholar <a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Harris" title="Stephen L. Harris">Stephen L. Harris</a>, chapter 20 of <a href="/wiki/2_Kings" class="mw-redirect" title="2 Kings">2 Kings</a> does not follow the events of chapters 18 and 19 (161).<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather, the Babylonian envoys precede the Assyrian invasion and siege. Chapter 20 would have been added during the exile, and Harris says it "evidently took place before Sennacherib's invasion' when Hezekiah was "trying to recruit Babylon as an ally against Assyria.'<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consequently, "Hezekiah ends his long reign impoverished and ruling over only a tiny scrap of his former domain.'<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Likewise, <i>The Archaeological Study Bible</i> says, "The presence of these riches' that Hezekiah shows to the Babylonians "indicates that this event took place before Hezekiah's payment of tribute to Sennacherib in 701 BC" (564).<sup id="cite_ref-ArchBible_38-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Again, "Though the king's illness and the subsequent Babylonian mission are described at the end of the accounts of his reign, they must have occurred before the war with Assyria.<sup id="cite_ref-BibleEnc_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BibleEnc-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_debate">Academic debate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Academic debate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There has been considerable academic debate about the actual dates of reigns of the Israelite kings. Scholars have endeavored to synchronize the chronology of events referred to in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> with those derived from other external sources. In the case of Hezekiah, scholars have noted that the apparent inconsistencies are resolved by accepting the evidence that Hezekiah, like his predecessors for four generations in the kings of Judah, had a coregency with his father, and this coregency began in 729 BCE. </p><p>As an example of the reasoning that finds inconsistencies in calculations when coregencies are <i>a priori</i> ruled out, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:2%20Kings%2018:10">2 Kings 18:10</a> dates the fall of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Samaria</a> (the Northern Kingdom) to the 6th year of Hezekiah's reign. Albright has dated the fall of the Kingdom of Israel to 721 BCE, while Thiele calculates the date as 723 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If Abright's or Thiele's dating are correct, then Hezekiah's reign would begin in either 729 or 727 BCE. On the other hand, 2 Kings 18:13<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> states that Sennacherib invaded Judah in the 14th year of Hezekiah's reign. Dating based on Assyrian records date this invasion to 701 BCE, and Hezekiah's reign would therefore begin in 716/715 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chludov_proclamation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chludov_proclamation.jpg/220px-Chludov_proclamation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="389" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chludov_proclamation.jpg/330px-Chludov_proclamation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Chludov_proclamation.jpg/440px-Chludov_proclamation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="727" data-file-height="1286" /></a><figcaption>A miniature from the <a href="/wiki/Chludov_Psalter" title="Chludov Psalter">Chludov Psalter</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Since Albright and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Elliott_Friedman" title="Richard Elliott Friedman">Friedman</a>, several scholars have explained these dating problems on the basis of a coregency between Hezekiah and his father Ahaz between 729 and 716/715 BCE. Assyriologists and Egyptologists recognize that coregency was a practice both in Assyria and Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After noting that coregencies were only used sporadically in the northern kingdom (Israel), <a href="/wiki/Nadav_Na%27aman" title="Nadav Na'aman">Nadav Na'aman</a> writes, </p> <blockquote><p>In the kingdom of Judah, on the other hand, the nomination of a co-regent was the common procedure, beginning from David who, before his death, elevated his son Solomon to the throne. When taking into account the permanent nature of the co-regency in Judah from the time of Joash, one may dare to conclude that dating the co-regencies accurately is indeed the key for solving the problems of biblical chronology in the eighth century BC."<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Among the numerous scholars who have recognized the coregency between Ahaz and Hezekiah are Kenneth Kitchen in his various writings,<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leslie McFall,<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Jack Finegan.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McFall, in his 1991 article, argues that if 729 BCE, that is, the Judean regnal year beginning in Tishri of 729, is taken as the start of the Ahaz/Hezekiah coregency, and 716/715 BCE as the date of the death of Ahaz, then all the extensive chronological data for Hezekiah and his contemporaries in the late eighth century BCE are in harmony. Further, McFall found that no <a href="/wiki/Conjecture_(textual_criticism)" title="Conjecture (textual criticism)">textual emendations</a> are required among the numerous dates, reign lengths, and synchronisms given in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Testament</a> for this period.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Scholars who accept the principle of coregencies note that abundant evidence for their use is found in the biblical material itself.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agreement of scholarship built on these principles with both biblical and secular texts was such that the Thiele/McFall chronology was accepted as the best chronology for the kingdom period in Jack Finegan's encyclopedic <i>Handbook of Biblical Chronology</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biblical_figures_identified_in_extra-biblical_sources" title="List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources">List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Several different theories regarding the dates of Hezekiah's reign exist, including a coregency with Ahaz 729–716/15 BCE, a sole reign 716/15–697 BCE, and coregency with Manasseh 697–687/86 BCE (?)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An ancestor of the prophet <a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a> is listed as "Amariah, son of Hezekiah", but whether or not this Hezekiah is the same individual as the king is unknown.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Hebrew language">Biblical Hebrew</a>: <span lang="hbo" dir="rtl">חִזְקִיָּהוּ, חִזְקִיָּה,יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Biblical Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="hbo-Latn">Ḥizqiyyāhu, Ḥizqiyyāh, Yĭḥizqiyyāhu</i></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Akkadian_language" title="Akkadian language">Akkadian</a>: <span lang="akk">𒄩𒍝𒆥𒀀𒌑</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Akkadian-language romanization"><i lang="akk-Latn">Ḫazaqia'ú, ḫa-za-qi-a-ú</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Koin%C4%93_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Koinē Greek language">Koinē Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Ἐζεκίας</span> 'Ezekías; <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Ezechias</i>; also transliterated as <span title="Biblical Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="hbo-Latn">Ḥizkiyyāhu</i></span> or <span title="Biblical Hebrew-language romanization"><i lang="hbo-Latn">Ḥizkiyyāh</i></span>; meaning "<a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yah</a> shall strengthen"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a>, and other ancient translations, 2 Kings is numbered 4 Kings.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKhan2020" class="citation book cs1">Khan, Geoffrey (2020). <i>The Tiberian Pronunciation Tradition of Biblical Hebrew, Volume 1</i>. Open Book Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1783746767" title="Special:BookSources/978-1783746767"><bdi>978-1783746767</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tiberian+Pronunciation+Tradition+of+Biblical+Hebrew%2C+Volume+1&rft.pub=Open+Book+Publishers&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1783746767&rft.aulast=Khan&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HarrisGloss-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HarrisGloss_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HarrisGloss_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L_Harris" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen L Harris">Harris, Stephen L.</a>, <i>Understanding the Bible</i>. Palo Alto: Mayfield. 1985. "Glossary", pp. 367–432</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brit-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brit_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Encyclopædia Britannica (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/264743/Hezekiah">Hezekiah</a>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 12 November 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrabbe2017" class="citation book cs1">Grabbe, Lester L. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ancient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html?id=4lzyDQAAQBAJ"><i>Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?</i></a> (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury. pp. <span class="nowrap">238–</span>244. <q>The account of Hezekiah's reign begins with a religious and cultic reform (2 Kgs 18.3-6). This reform had been widely accepted in scholarship (e.g., Albertz 1994: I, 180–6), but it is now also widely questioned (e.g., Na'aman 1995a). The problem is that it looks very much like the reform later ascribed to Josiah. Did Josiah try to revive what failed under Hezekiah, or did the biblical writer borrow from Josiah's story to improve Hezekiah's piety by literary invention?</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Israel%3A+What+Do+We+Know+and+How+Do+We+Know+It%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E238-%3C%2Fspan%3E244&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Grabbe&rft.aufirst=Lester+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAncient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html%3Fid%3D4lzyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Kings%2018:3&version=nrsv">2 Kings 18:3</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Chronicles%2029:2&version=nrsv">2 Chronicles 29:2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Matthew_1:10" title="Matthew 1:10">Matthew 1:10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-je-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-je_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-je_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-je_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-je_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Encyclopaedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Encyclopaedia">Jewish Encyclopaedia</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7668-hezekiah">Hezekiah</a></i>, accessed 15 April 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burns-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Burns_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Jarick2012" class="citation book cs1">John Jarick (22 March 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eqyoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA232">"The Stings in the Tales of the Kings of Judah"</a>. In Duncan Burns; John W. Rogerson (eds.). <i>Far From Minimal: Celebrating the Work and Influence of Philip R. Davies</i>. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 232. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-567-31337-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-567-31337-9"><bdi>978-0-567-31337-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Stings+in+the+Tales+of+the+Kings+of+Judah&rft.btitle=Far+From+Minimal%3A+Celebrating+the+Work+and+Influence+of+Philip+R.+Davies&rft.pages=232&rft.pub=Bloomsbury+Publishing&rft.date=2012-03-22&rft.isbn=978-0-567-31337-9&rft.au=John+Jarick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DeqyoAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Contemporary Shilo Pocket Dictionary, Edited by <a href="/wiki/Zevi_Scharfstein" title="Zevi Scharfstein">Zevi Scharfstein</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlbright1945" class="citation journal cs1">Albright, W. F. (1945). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182">"The Chronology of the Divided Monarchy of Israel"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research</i> (100): <span class="nowrap">16–</span>22. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1355182">10.2307/1355182</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1355182">1355182</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163845613">163845613</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Schools+of+Oriental+Research&rft.atitle=The+Chronology+of+the+Divided+Monarchy+of+Israel&rft.issue=100&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E16-%3C%2Fspan%3E22&rft.date=1945&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163845613%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1355182%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1355182&rft.aulast=Albright&rft.aufirst=W.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1355182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reign-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-reign_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-reign_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/William_F._Albright" title="William F. Albright">William F. Albright</a> for the former and for the latter Edwin Thiele, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Numbers_of_the_Hebrew_Kings" title="The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings">The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings</a></i>, (1st ed.; New York: Macmillan, 1951; 2d ed.; Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965; 3rd ed.; Grand Rapids: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0825438257" title="Special:BookSources/978-0825438257">978-0825438257</a>, p. 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung201222-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung201222_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung2012">Young 2012</a>, p. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGershon_Galil1996" class="citation book cs1">Gershon Galil (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QkgEaWG0_j4C&q=726"><i>The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah</i></a>. BRILL. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004106116" title="Special:BookSources/9789004106116"><bdi>9789004106116</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronology+of+the+Kings+of+Israel+and+Judah&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9789004106116&rft.au=Gershon+Galil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQkgEaWG0_j4C%26q%3D726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Kings%2018:10&version=nrsv">2 Kings 18:10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNa’aman2024" class="citation book cs1">Na’aman, Nadav (2024). "Hezekiah's Years of Reign in Light of the Epigraphic Evidence". In Meron, Pamela (ed.). <i>Gabriel: Tell this Man the Meaning of His Vision (Daniel, 8:16) : Studies in Archaeology, Epigraphy, Iconography and the Biblical World in Honor of Gabriel Barkay on the Occasion of His 80th Birthday (22 June 2024)</i>. Archaeological Center Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">216–</span>230. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-965-7162-25-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-965-7162-25-5"><bdi>978-965-7162-25-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hezekiah%E2%80%99s+Years+of+Reign+in+Light+of+the+Epigraphic+Evidence&rft.btitle=Gabriel%3A+Tell+this+Man+the+Meaning+of+His+Vision+%28Daniel%2C+8%3A16%29+%3A+Studies+in+Archaeology%2C+Epigraphy%2C+Iconography+and+the+Biblical+World+in+Honor+of+Gabriel+Barkay+on+the+Occasion+of+His+80th+Birthday+%2822+June+2024%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E216-%3C%2Fspan%3E230&rft.pub=Archaeological+Center+Publications&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-965-7162-25-5&rft.aulast=Na%E2%80%99aman&rft.aufirst=Nadav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b21.htm#1">2 Kings 21:1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b20.htm#21">2 Kings 20:21</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b18.htm#2">2 Kings 18:2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt25b29.htm#1">2 Chronicles 29:1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Spar-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Spar_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Spar_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2014/assyria-to-iberia/blog/posts/sennacherib-and-jerusalem">"Sennacherib and Jerusalem"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sennacherib+and+Jerusalem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fexhibitions%2Flistings%2F2014%2Fassyria-to-iberia%2Fblog%2Fposts%2Fsennacherib-and-jerusalem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b18.htm#8">2 Kings 18:8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2 Chronicles 30:11: <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Bible" title="Jerusalem Bible">Jerusalem Bible</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mathys, H. P., <i>1 and 2 Chronicles</i> in Barton, J. and Muddiman, J. (2001), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://b-ok.org/dl/946961/8f5f43">The Oxford Bible Commentary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171122193211/http://b-ok.org/dl/946961/8f5f43">Archived</a> 22 November 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, p. 302</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatty2016" class="citation book cs1">Matty, Nazek Khalid (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9eo5DQAAQBAJ"><i>Sennacherib's Campaign Against Judah and Jerusalem in 701 B.C.: A Historical Reconstruction</i></a>. Berlin: <a href="/wiki/Walter_de_Gruyter" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter de Gruyter">Walter de Gruyter</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044788-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-044788-0"><bdi>978-3-11-044788-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sennacherib%27s+Campaign+Against+Judah+and+Jerusalem+in+701+B.C.%3A+A+Historical+Reconstruction&rft.place=Berlin&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-3-11-044788-0&rft.aulast=Matty&rft.aufirst=Nazek+Khalid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9eo5DQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brazos-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brazos_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Leithart" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter J. Leithart">Peter J. Leithart</a>, "1 & 2 Kings," <i>Brazos Theological Commentary on the Bible</i>, p. 255–256, <a href="/wiki/Baker_Publishing_Group" title="Baker Publishing Group">Baker Publishing Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_MI" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Rapids, MI">Grand Rapids, MI</a> (2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrumkinShimron2006" class="citation journal cs1">Frumkin, Amos; Shimron, Aryeh (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0305440305001688">"Tunnel engineering in the Iron Age: Geoarchaeology of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem"</a>. <i>Journal of Archaeological Science</i>. <b>33</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">227–</span>237. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006JArSc..33..227F">2006JArSc..33..227F</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jas.2005.07.018">10.1016/j.jas.2005.07.018</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Archaeological+Science&rft.atitle=Tunnel+engineering+in+the+Iron+Age%3A+Geoarchaeology+of+the+Siloam+Tunnel%2C+Jerusalem&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E227-%3C%2Fspan%3E237&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jas.2005.07.018&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2006JArSc..33..227F&rft.aulast=Frumkin&rft.aufirst=Amos&rft.au=Shimron%2C+Aryeh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS0305440305001688&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/israeli-team-unveils-carbon-dating-techniques-that-may-shore-up-jerusalem-chronology/">New carbon-dating techniques enable 'absolute chronology' of First Temple-era Jerusalem</a>, Gavriel Fiske for <i>The Times of Israel</i>, 30 April 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <i>Light From the Ancient Past</i>, 1959, p. 213</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ancient Near Eastern Texts</i>, p. 288</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2707/2707-h/2707-h.htm">The History Of Herodotus</a>, Book 2, Verse 141</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Flavius Josephus, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-10.html">Antiquities of the Jews</a></i>, Book 10, chapter 1, section 5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b19.htm#37">2 Kings 19:37</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. D. Douglas, ed., <i>New Bible Dictionary</i> (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1965) 1160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The New Oxford Annotated Bible.</i> 4th ed. New York: Oxford Press, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArchBible-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ArchBible_38-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Archaeological Study Bible</i>. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2005. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Georges Roux. <i>Ancient Iraq</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anchor-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anchor_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anchor_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anchor_40-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anchor_40-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anchor_40-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hezekiah". <i>The Anchor Bible Dictionary</i>. 1992. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrena2004338-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrena2004338_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrena2004">Grena 2004</a>, p. 338.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grena 2004, p. 26, Figs. 9 and 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeilpern2015" class="citation web cs1">Heilpern, Will (3 December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2015/12/03/middleeast/king-hezekiah-royal-seal/index.html">"King Hezekiah's seal discovered in Jerusalem"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=King+Hezekiah%27s+seal+discovered+in+Jerusalem&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2015-12-03&rft.aulast=Heilpern&rft.aufirst=Will&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2015%2F12%2F03%2Fmiddleeast%2Fking-hezekiah-royal-seal%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://new.huji.ac.il/en/article/28173">"Impression of King Hezekiah's Royal Seal Discovered in Ophel Excavations South of Temple Mount in Jerusalem | האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים | The Hebrew University of Jerusalem"</a>. <i>new.huji.ac.il</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=new.huji.ac.il&rft.atitle=Impression+of+King+Hezekiah%27s+Royal+Seal+Discovered+in+Ophel+Excavations+South+of+Temple+Mount+in+Jerusalem+%7C+%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%98%D7%94+%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA+%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D+%7C+The+Hebrew+University+of+Jerusalem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnew.huji.ac.il%2Fen%2Farticle%2F28173&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/12/151202132519.htm">"Impression of King Hezekiah's royal seal discovered in excavations in Jerusalem: First seal impression of an Israelite or Judean king ever exposed in situ in a scientific archaeological excavation"</a>. <i>ScienceDaily</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ScienceDaily&rft.atitle=Impression+of+King+Hezekiah%27s+royal+seal+discovered+in+excavations+in+Jerusalem%3A+First+seal+impression+of+an+Israelite+or+Judean+king+ever+exposed+in+situ+in+a+scientific+archaeological+excavation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedaily.com%2Freleases%2F2015%2F12%2F151202132519.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFridman2018" class="citation news cs1">Fridman, Julia (14 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/what-the-hezekiah-seal-proves-jerusalem-status-1.5385544">"Hezekiah Seal Proves Ancient Jerusalem Was a Major Judahite Capital"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Hezekiah+Seal+Proves+Ancient+Jerusalem+Was+a+Major+Judahite+Capital&rft.date=2018-03-14&rft.aulast=Fridman&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Farchaeology%2Fwhat-the-hezekiah-seal-proves-jerusalem-status-1.5385544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Signature-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Signature_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMazar2018" class="citation journal cs1">Mazar, Eliat (1 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://members.bib-arch.org/biblical-archaeology-review/44/2/7">"Is This the Prophet Isaiah's Signature?"</a>. <i>Biblical Archaeology Review</i>. <b>44</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">64–</span>69<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2018</span>. <q>This seal impression of Isaiah, therefore, is unique, and questions still remain about what it actually says. However, the close relationship between Isaiah and King Hezekiah, as described in the Bible, and the fact the bulla was found next to one bearing the name of Hezekiah seem to leave open the possibility that, despite the difficulties presented by the bulla's damaged area, this may have been a seal impression of Isaiah the prophet, adviser to King Hezekiah.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biblical+Archaeology+Review&rft.atitle=Is+This+the+Prophet+Isaiah%27s+Signature%3F&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E64-%3C%2Fspan%3E69&rft.date=2018-02-01&rft.aulast=Mazar&rft.aufirst=Eliat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmembers.bib-arch.org%2Fbiblical-archaeology-review%2F44%2F2%2F7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollstonepigraphy.com/?m=201802">"2018 February"</a>. <i>www.rollstonepigraphy.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rollstonepigraphy.com&rft.atitle=2018+February&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollstonepigraphy.com%2F%3Fm%3D201802&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nadav-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nadav_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Na'aman, Nadav. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1RgRPAkLqLUC&dq=Sennacherib&pg=PA141"><i>Ancient Israel and Its Neighbors</i></a>, Eisenbrauns, 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1575061085" title="Special:BookSources/978-1575061085">978-1575061085</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FinkelMazar-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FinkelMazar_50-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Finkelstein, Israel and Mazar, Amihai. <i>The Quest for the Historical Israel: Debating Archaeology and the History of Early Israel</i>. Leiden: Brill, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoulis2019177–8-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoulis2019177–8_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoulis2019">Moulis 2019</a>, pp. 177–8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dever, William G. (2005) <i><a href="/wiki/Did_God_Have_a_Wife%3F" title="Did God Have a Wife?">Did God Have a Wife?</a>: Archaeology and Folk Religion in Ancient Israel</i> (Eerdmans), pp. 174, 175.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BibleEnc-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BibleEnc_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BibleEnc_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Hezekiah." <i>The Family Bible Encyclopedia</i>. 1972. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James B. Pritchard, ed., <i>Ancient Near Eastern Texts Related to the Old Testament</i> (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1965) 287–288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Hebrew-English Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt09b19.htm#35">2 Kings 19:35</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ancient Near Eastern Texts</i>, p. 288</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrayson1991" class="citation book cs1">Grayson, A.K. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OGBGauNBK8kC&pg=PA103">"Assyria: Sennacherib and Essarhaddon"</a>. In Boardman, John; Edwards, I. E. S. (eds.). <i>The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume III Part II</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521227179" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521227179"><bdi>978-0521227179</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Assyria%3A+Sennacherib+and+Essarhaddon&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Ancient+History%2C+Volume+III+Part+II&rft.pages=110&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0521227179&rft.aulast=Grayson&rft.aufirst=A.K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOGBGauNBK8kC%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003314-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003314_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrabbe2003">Grabbe 2003</a>, p. 314.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003308–309-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrabbe2003308–309_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrabbe2003">Grabbe 2003</a>, pp. 308–309.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Handbook-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Handbook_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Zondervan Handbook to the Bible</i>. Grand Rapids: Lion Publishing, 1999, p. 303</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Isaiah 1–39: With an Introduction to Prophetic Literature</i>. Marvin Alan Sweeney. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1996, p. 476</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrabbe2017" class="citation book cs1">Grabbe, Lester L. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ancient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html?id=4lzyDQAAQBAJ"><i>Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?</i></a> (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury. pp. <span class="nowrap">238–</span>244.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Israel%3A+What+Do+We+Know+and+How+Do+We+Know+It%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E238-%3C%2Fspan%3E244&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Grabbe&rft.aufirst=Lester+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAncient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html%3Fid%3D4lzyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Na’aman, Nadav. ‘The Debated Historicity of Hezekiah’s Reform in the Light of Historical and Archaeological Research’, ZAW 107: 179–95. 1995.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Swanson, Kristin A. 2002 ‘A Reassessment of Hezekiah’s Reform in Light of Jar Handles and Iconographic Evidence’, CBQ 64: 460–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrabbe2017" class="citation book cs1">Grabbe, Lester L. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ancient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html?id=4lzyDQAAQBAJ"><i>Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?</i></a> (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury. pp. <span class="nowrap">238–</span>244.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Israel%3A+What+Do+We+Know+and+How+Do+We+Know+It%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E238-%3C%2Fspan%3E244&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Grabbe&rft.aufirst=Lester+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAncient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html%3Fid%3D4lzyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrabbe2017" class="citation book cs1">Grabbe, Lester L. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Ancient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html?id=4lzyDQAAQBAJ"><i>Ancient Israel: What Do We Know and How Do We Know It?</i></a> (2nd ed.). Bloomsbury. pp. <span class="nowrap">238–</span>244.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Israel%3A+What+Do+We+Know+and+How+Do+We+Know+It%3F&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E238-%3C%2Fspan%3E244&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Grabbe&rft.aufirst=Lester+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%2Fabout%2FAncient_Israel_What_Do_We_Know_and_How_D.html%3Fid%3D4lzyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/300-abijah#anchor6">Jewish encyclopedia Abijah</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7668-hezekiah#anchor4">Hezekiah</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Harris_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harris_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Harris_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Harris, Stephen L. <i>Understanding the Bible</i>. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwin R. Thiele, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mysterious_Numbers_of_the_Hebrew_Kings" title="The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings">The Mysterious Numbers of the Hebrew Kings</a></i> (3rd ed.; Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan/Kregel, 1983), pp. 134, 217.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Bible</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:2%20Kings%2018:13">2 Kings 18:13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leslie McFall, "A Translation Guide to the Chronological Data in Kings and Chronicles," <i>Bibliotheca Sacra</i> 148 (1991) p. 33. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030807124024/http://www.btinternet.com/~lmf12/TransGuide.pdf">Link</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">William J. Murnane, <i>Ancient Egyptian Coregencies</i> (Chicago: The Oriental Institute, 1977).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. D. Douglas, ed., <i>New Bible Dictionary</i> (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1965) p. 1160.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nadav Na'aman, "Historical and Chronological Notes on the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah in the Eighth Century BC" <i><a href="/wiki/Vetus_Testamentum" title="Vetus Testamentum">Vetus Testamentum</a></i> 36 (1986) p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Kitchen's chronology in <i>New Bible Dictionary</i> p. 220.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leslie McFall, "Translation Guide" p. 42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jack Finegan, <i>Handbook of Biblical Chronology</i> (rev. ed.; Peabody MA: Hendrickson, 1998) p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leslie McFall, "Translation Guide" pp. 4–45 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030807124024/http://www.btinternet.com/~lmf12/TransGuide.pdf">Link</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thiele, <i>Mysterious Numbers</i> chapter 3, "Coregencies and Rival Reigns."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jack Finegan, <i>Handbook of Biblical Chronology</i> p. 246.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrabbe2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lester_Grabbe" class="mw-redirect" title="Lester Grabbe">Grabbe, Lester</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ln5NwF8L840C&q=Like+a+Bird+in+a+Cage%3A+The+Invasion+of+Sennacherib+in+701+BCE"><i>Like a Bird in a Cage: The Invasion of Sennacherib in 701 BCE</i></a>. A&C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0826462152" title="Special:BookSources/978-0826462152"><bdi>978-0826462152</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Like+a+Bird+in+a+Cage%3A+The+Invasion+of+Sennacherib+in+701+BCE&rft.pub=A%26C+Black&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0826462152&rft.aulast=Grabbe&rft.aufirst=Lester&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dln5NwF8L840C%26q%3DLike%2Ba%2BBird%2Bin%2Ba%2BCage%253A%2BThe%2BInvasion%2Bof%2BSennacherib%2Bin%2B701%2BBCE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrayson1991" class="citation book cs1">Grayson, A.K. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OGBGauNBK8kC&q=%22The+history+of+Assyria+during+the+reigns+of+Sennacherib%22&pg=PA103">"Assyria: Sennacherib and Essarhaddon"</a>. In Boardman, John; Edwards, I. E. S. (eds.). <i>The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume III Part II</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0521227179" title="Special:BookSources/978-0521227179"><bdi>978-0521227179</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Assyria%3A+Sennacherib+and+Essarhaddon&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Ancient+History%2C+Volume+III+Part+II&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0521227179&rft.aulast=Grayson&rft.aufirst=A.K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOGBGauNBK8kC%26q%3D%2522The%2Bhistory%2Bof%2BAssyria%2Bduring%2Bthe%2Breigns%2Bof%2BSennacherib%2522%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrena2004" class="citation book cs1">Grena, G.M. (2004). <i>LMLK – A Mystery Belonging to the King</i>. Vol. 1 (1 ed.). 4000 Years of Writing History. p. 338. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0974878607" title="Special:BookSources/978-0974878607"><bdi>978-0974878607</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=LMLK+%26ndash%3B%26%2332%3BA+Mystery+Belonging+to+the+King&rft.pages=338&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=4000+Years+of+Writing+History&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0974878607&rft.aulast=Grena&rft.aufirst=G.M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoulis2019" class="citation book cs1">Moulis, David Rafael (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MhC5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA167">"Hezekiah's Cultic Reforms according to the Archaeological Evidence"</a>. In Čapek, Filip; Lipschits, Oded (eds.). <i>The Last Century in the History of Judah: The Seventh Century BCE in Archaeological, Historical, and Biblical Perspectives</i>. SBL Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">167–</span>180. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88414-400-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88414-400-7"><bdi>978-0-88414-400-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hezekiah%27s+Cultic+Reforms+according+to+the+Archaeological+Evidence&rft.btitle=The+Last+Century+in+the+History+of+Judah%3A+The+Seventh+Century+BCE+in+Archaeological%2C+Historical%2C+and+Biblical+Perspectives&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E167-%3C%2Fspan%3E180&rft.pub=SBL+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0-88414-400-7&rft.aulast=Moulis&rft.aufirst=David+Rafael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMhC5DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2012" class="citation book cs1">Young, Robb Andrew (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=geIyAQAAQBAJ"><i>Hezekiah in History and Tradition</i></a>. BRILL. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-22951-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-22951-8"><bdi>978-90-04-22951-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hezekiah+in+History+and+Tradition&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-90-04-22951-8&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Robb+Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgeIyAQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Attribution:</b> </p> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinger1904" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al., eds. (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/7668-hezekiah">"Hezekiah"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 6. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. <span class="nowrap">379–</span>383.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hezekiah&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E379-%3C%2Fspan%3E383&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1904&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F7668-hezekiah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHezekiah" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hezekiah" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hezekiah">Hezekiah</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/264743/Hezekiah">"Hezekiah."</a> Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051024161641/http://jeru.huji.ac.il/eb34l.htm">King Hezekiah</a> from Jerusalem Mosaic</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allaboutgod.com/truth-topics/hezekiah.htm">Hezekiah</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101208075849/http://www.allaboutgod.com/truth-topics/hezekiah.htm">Archived</a> 8 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> See all Bible verses pertaining to King Hezekiah</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090723075930/http://www.wlsessays.net/node/372">The Reign Of Hezekiah</a> by John F. Brug</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblestudymagazine.com/interactive/sennacherib/">Sennacherib's Invasion of Hezekiah's Judah in 701 BC</a> – by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Craig_C._Broyles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Craig C. Broyles (page does not exist)">Craig C. Broyles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090313015906/http://www.biblestudymagazine.com/interactive/sennacherib/map.html">Interactive Map of Sennacherib's Invasion of Hezekiah's Judah, including the accounts of Sennacherib, Herodotus, 2 Kings, Isaiah and Micah</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Hezekiah of Judah</div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Davidic_line" title="Davidic line">House of David</a></b></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ahaz" title="Ahaz">Ahaz</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Judah" title="Kings of Judah">King of Judah</a> </b><br />Coregent: 729–716 BC<br />Sole reign: 716–697 BC<br />Coregent: 697–687 BC </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rulers_of_Israel_and_Judah395" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rulers_of_ancient_Israel" title="Template:Rulers of ancient Israel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rulers_of_ancient_Israel" title="Template talk:Rulers of ancient Israel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rulers_of_ancient_Israel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rulers of ancient Israel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rulers_of_Israel_and_Judah395" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Rulers of <a href="/wiki/History_of_ancient_Israel_and_Judah" title="History of ancient Israel and Judah">Israel and Judah</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Davidic_line" title="Davidic line">Davidic line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Israel_and_Judah" title="Kings of Israel and Judah">Kings of Israel and Judah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Judah" title="Kings of Judah">Kings of Judah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maccabees" title="Maccabees">Maccabees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(united_monarchy)" title="Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)">Israel<br />(united monarchy)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ish-bosheth" title="Ish-bosheth">Ish-bosheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel<br />(northern kingdom)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeroboam" title="Jeroboam">Jeroboam I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadab_of_Israel" title="Nadab of Israel">Nadab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baasha_of_Israel" title="Baasha of Israel">Baasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elah_(king)" title="Elah (king)">Elah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimri_(king)" title="Zimri (king)">Zimri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibni" title="Tibni">Tibni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omri" title="Omri">Omri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahab" title="Ahab">Ahab</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jezebel" title="Jezebel">Jezebel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahaziah_of_Israel" title="Ahaziah of Israel">Ahaziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoram_of_Israel" title="Jehoram of Israel">Jehoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoahaz_of_Israel" title="Jehoahaz of Israel">Jehoahaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoash_of_Israel" title="Jehoash of Israel">Jehoash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeroboam_II" title="Jeroboam II">Jeroboam II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_of_Israel" title="Zechariah of Israel">Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallum_of_Israel" title="Shallum of Israel">Shallum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menahem" title="Menahem">Menahem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekahiah" title="Pekahiah">Pekahiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekah" title="Pekah">Pekah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoshea" title="Hoshea">Hoshea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah<br />(southern kingdom)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rehoboam" title="Rehoboam">Rehoboam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abijah_of_Judah" title="Abijah of Judah">Abijam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_of_Judah" title="Asa of Judah">Asa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoshaphat" title="Jehoshaphat">Jehoshaphat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoram_of_Judah" title="Jehoram of Judah">Jehoram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahaziah_of_Judah" title="Ahaziah of Judah">Ahaziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athaliah" title="Athaliah">Athaliah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoash_of_Judah" title="Jehoash of Judah">Jehoash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amaziah_of_Judah" title="Amaziah of Judah">Amaziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzziah" title="Uzziah">Uzziah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jotham" title="Jotham">Jotham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahaz" title="Ahaz">Ahaz</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hezekiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amon_of_Judah" title="Amon of Judah">Amon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah" title="Josiah">Josiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoahaz_of_Judah" title="Jehoahaz of Judah">Jehoahaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehoiakim" title="Jehoiakim">Jehoiakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeconiah" title="Jeconiah">Jeconiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zedekiah" title="Zedekiah">Zedekiah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hasmonean_dynasty" title="Hasmonean dynasty">Judea<br />(Hasmonean dynasty)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Thassi" title="Simon Thassi">Simon Thassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hyrcanus" title="John Hyrcanus">John Hyrcanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristobulus_I" title="Aristobulus I">Aristobulus I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Jannaeus" title="Alexander Jannaeus">Alexander Jannaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salome_Alexandra" title="Salome Alexandra">Salome Alexandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrcanus_II" title="Hyrcanus II">Hyrcanus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristobulus_II" title="Aristobulus II">Aristobulus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigonus_II_Mattathias" title="Antigonus II Mattathias">Antigonus II Mattathias</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_leadership" title="Jewish leadership">Jewish leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Jewish_leaders_in_the_Land_of_Israel" title="List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel">List of Jewish leaders in the Land of Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244912#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1269" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244912#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1269" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244912#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000097179756">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/8820631">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/166108/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjBkyRcdGQCYHbpDKkF8BX">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/11863965X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85141733">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007313008405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/11863965X.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/11863965X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w63g96mj">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&oldid=1274115774">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&oldid=1274115774</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hezekiah" title="Category:Hezekiah">Hezekiah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:730s_BC_births" title="Category:730s BC births">730s BC births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:680s_BC_deaths" title="Category:680s BC deaths">680s BC deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:8th-century_BC_kings_of_Judah" title="Category:8th-century BC kings of Judah">8th-century BC kings of Judah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_BC_kings_of_Judah" title="Category:7th-century BC kings of Judah">7th-century BC kings of Judah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_royalty" title="Category:Jewish royalty">Jewish royalty</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Biblical_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Biblical Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Biblical Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Akkadian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Akkadian-language text">Articles containing Akkadian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Koin%C4%93_Greek-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Koinē Greek-language text">Articles containing Koinē Greek-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from March 2021">Use dmy dates from March 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_January_2025" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from January 2025">Articles lacking reliable references from January 2025</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases" title="Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases">All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_November_2015" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from November 2015">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from November 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_June_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from June 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_more_detailed_references" title="Category:Articles needing more detailed references">Articles needing more detailed references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_December_2020" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2020">Articles needing additional references from December 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Hebrew-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text">Articles containing Hebrew-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia_without_a_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia without a Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1906_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 Jewish Encyclopedia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_birth_uncertain" title="Category:Year of birth uncertain">Year of birth uncertain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Year_of_death_uncertain" title="Category:Year of death uncertain">Year of death uncertain</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 February 2025, at 14:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hezekiah&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hezekiah</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>50 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-knq98","wgBackendResponseTime":144,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.824","walltime":"1.101","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6728,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":112089,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8495,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":13,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":142094,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 968.879 1 -total"," 22.53% 218.293 2 Template:Reflist"," 12.63% 122.417 15 Template:Cite_book"," 11.54% 111.823 5 Template:Langx"," 8.41% 81.452 1 Template:IsraeliteKings"," 7.86% 76.183 1 Template:Infobox_royalty"," 7.59% 73.550 1 Template:Navbox"," 6.72% 65.065 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.44% 62.439 1 Template:Infobox"," 4.86% 47.107 5 Template:Sfn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.483","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20460460,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREF\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAlbright1945\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFridman2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrumkinShimron2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGershon_Galil1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrabbe2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrabbe2017\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFGrayson1991\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFGrena2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeilpern2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Jarick2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhan2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatty2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMazar2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoulis2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNa’aman2024\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoung2012\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"BSN\"] = 1,\n [\"Bibleverse\"] = 12,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 5,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 15,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 5,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 4,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 2,\n [\"Ill\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox royalty\"] = 1,\n [\"IsraeliteKings\"] = 1,\n [\"Jewish Encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 1,\n [\"Langx\"] = 5,\n [\"Main\"] = 3,\n [\"More citations needed section\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Other uses\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 1,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 1,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-hou\"] = 1,\n [\"S-reg\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 1,\n [\"Script/Hebrew\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 5,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"Specify\"] = 1,\n [\"Transliteration\"] = 2,\n [\"Ubl\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n [\"Who\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-zq28g","timestamp":"20250215190653","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Hezekiah","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hezekiah","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q244912","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q244912","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-26T05:55:28Z","dateModified":"2025-02-05T14:47:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/a\/a2\/%C3%85hus_kyrka-10.jpg","headline":"King of Judah"}</script> </body> </html>