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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8+%28%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%29" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8+%28%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%29" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>参看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">空气制动 (铁路)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。17种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fre_Westinghouse" title="Fre Westinghouse – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fre Westinghouse" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samo%C4%8Dinn%C3%A1_tlakov%C3%A1_brzda" title="Samočinná tlaková brzda – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Samočinná tlaková brzda" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druckluftbremse_(Eisenbahn)" title="Druckluftbremse (Eisenbahn) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Druckluftbremse (Eisenbahn)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway_air_brake" title="Railway air brake – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Railway air brake" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freno_Westinghouse" title="Freno Westinghouse – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Freno Westinghouse" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paineilmajarru_(rautatietekniikka)" title="Paineilmajarru (rautatietekniikka) – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paineilmajarru (rautatietekniikka)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frein_automatique" title="Frein automatique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Frein automatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westinghouse-f%C3%A9k" title="Westinghouse-fék – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Westinghouse-fék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rem_udara_kereta_api" title="Rem udara kereta api – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rem udara kereta api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freno_continuo_automatico_Westinghouse" title="Freno continuo automatico Westinghouse – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Freno continuo automatico Westinghouse" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%97%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AD" title="空気ブレーキ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="空気ブレーキ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B8%B0%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%99" title="공기제동 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="공기제동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="റെയിൽവെ എയർ ബ്രേക്ക് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റെയിൽവെ എയർ ബ്രേക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brek_udara_keretapi" title="Brek udara keretapi – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Brek udara keretapi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Westinghouserem" title="Westinghouserem – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Westinghouserem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamulec_zespolony" title="Hamulec zespolony – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hamulec zespolony" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Воздушный тормоз Вестингауза – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Воздушный тормоз Вестингауза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1196198#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8_(%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF)" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8_(%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF)" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-65cacb7a" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:空气制动机;zh-tw:空氣煞車器;zh-hk:空氣制動機;zh-hk:氣軔;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:制动;zh-tw:煞車;zh-hk:制動;"></div><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:风管;zh-tw:軔管;zh-hk:風管;"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_(20150106173256).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG/250px-Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="374" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG/375px-Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG/500px-Pressure_gauges_on_a_SYZ25K_%2820150106173256%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="2816" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF25K%E5%9E%8B%E5%AE%A2%E8%BD%A6" title="中国铁路25K型客车">中国铁路25K型客车</a>的制动管风表和总风管风表，风压读数均为600千帕</figcaption></figure> <p><b>空气制动</b>是<a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6%E8%BD%A6%E8%BE%86" class="mw-redirect" title="铁路机车车辆">铁路机车车辆</a>制动方式之一，是以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E7%BC%A9%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94" title="压缩空气">压缩空气</a>作为制动原动力，以改变压缩空气的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E5%BC%BA" title="压强">压强</a>来操纵控制列车的制动，由美国企业家、工程师<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E6%B1%80%E8%B1%AA%E6%96%AF" title="乔治·威斯汀豪斯">乔治·威斯汀豪斯</a>于1872年发明。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8_(%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在空气制动机出现以前，铁路列车的制动是一项困难的工作。在铁路出现初期，由于列车车厢数量较少、速度较慢，当时主要依靠<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B1%BD%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="蒸汽机车">蒸汽机车</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="逆气制动">逆气制动</a>、以及以人力为制动原动力的<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%B8%E7%93%A6%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="闸瓦制动">闸瓦制动</a>；但当铁路运输不断发展，列车变得更长、更快，对列车的制动性能要求变得越来越高。 </p><p>1866年，美国一位年轻人乔治·威斯汀目睹了一起铁路事故，了解到既有制动装置的不足。1869年，当时年仅23岁的乔治·威斯汀豪斯通过大量的研究和试验，成功研制了世界上第一套“直通空气制动机”。这套制动系统包括了一台<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93%E7%B8%AE%E6%A9%9F" title="空氣壓縮機">空气压缩机</a>，它将空气加压到压强为每平方英寸50至70磅的压缩空气并储存在总风缸内，进行制动时，司机打开阀门，让压缩空气流通过车辆之间的风管，进入分别安装在每节车厢的制动缸内，而压缩空气将制动缸内的活塞鞲鞴推出，再通过一系列拉杆和杠杆作用迫使闸瓦压向车轮，实现制动的目的；而在缓解时，司机通过操纵阀门，使制动缸和管路中的压缩空气排向大气，从而令制动缸内的复原弹簧将活塞鞲鞴压回到风缸内，使闸瓦离开车轮<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同年。在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%BE%E5%A4%95%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%B7%9E%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宾夕法尼亚州铁路（页面不存在）">宾夕法尼亚州铁路</a>的一列旅客列车上装上了新发明的空气制动机进行试验，结果表明空气制动机效果良好，能够成功避免事故的发生。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参看"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E7.9C.8B"></span>参看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8_(%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：参看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_train.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="鐵路" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/31px-P_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/47px-P_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/62px-P_train.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="Portal:鐵路">鐵路主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B8%8F%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="踏面制动">踏面制动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="电阻制动">电阻制动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E8%BB%8A%E9%95%B7#.E8.BF.90.E8.BD.AC.E8.BD.A6.E9.95.BF" title="列車長">运转车长</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8_(%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF)&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Chovan, Dale A. 机车制动机的发展. 国外内燃机车 (大连: 大连内燃机车研究所). 1996年3月: 37–41. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1003-1839"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 1003-1839</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8+%28%E9%93%81%E8%B7%AF%29&rft.atitle=%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8%E6%9C%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%91%E5%B1%95&rft.au=Chovan%2C+Dale+A.&rft.date=1996-03&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1003-1839&rft.jtitle=%E5%9B%BD%E5%A4%96%E5%86%85%E7%87%83%E6%9C%BA%E8%BD%A6&rft.pages=37-41&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">鐵路制動系統種類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B8%8F%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="踏面制动">踏面制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%98%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="盘式制动">盘式制动</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%8B%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="手制動（页面不存在）">手制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蒸氣制動（页面不存在）">蒸氣制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="真空制動（页面不存在）">真空制動</a> - <a class="mw-selflink selflink">空气制动</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E9%80%9A%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="直通制動（页面不存在）">直通制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自動空氣制動（页面不存在）">自動空氣制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kunze-Knorr%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kunze-Knorr制動（页面不存在）">Kunze-Knorr制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E7%9B%B4%E9%80%9A%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電磁直通制動（页面不存在）">電磁直通制動</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%B0%94%E6%8C%87%E4%BB%A4%E5%BC%8F%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="电气指令式制动">电气指令式制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E9%98%BB%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="电阻制动">电阻制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95" title="再生制動">再生制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="引擎制動（页面不存在）">引擎制動</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%92%E6%B0%A3%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="排氣制動（页面不存在）">排氣制動</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%9B%E9%80%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="減速器">減速器</a> - <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%A3%93%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反壓制動（页面不存在）">反壓制動</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E6%B0%94%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="逆气制动">蒸氣</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%A3%93%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95_(%E7%A9%BA%E6%B0%A3)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反壓制動 (空氣)（页面不存在）">空氣</a>） - <a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%A1%E6%B5%81%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="涡流制动">旋转涡流制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E8%BD%A8%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="磁轨制动">磁轨制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%A1%E6%B5%81%E5%88%B6%E5%8A%A8" title="涡流制动">线性涡流制动</a> - <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%A3%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95" title="大氣制動">大氣制動</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">設於車外的制動裝置</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 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