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<span>Hydrology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Fishery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fishery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">58 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8" title="تونلي ساب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تونلي ساب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonlesap" title="Tonlesap – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tonlesap" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Танлесап – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Танлесап" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Тонлесап – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тонлесап" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF_(%D0%BA%D3%B3%D0%BB%C4%95)" title="Тонлесап (кӳлĕ) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тонлесап (кӳлĕ)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap_(lanaw_sa_Kambodiya)" title="Tonle Sap (lanaw sa Kambodiya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tonle Sap (lanaw sa Kambodiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9sap_(jezero)" title="Tonlésap (jezero) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tonlésap (jezero)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap_(See)" title="Tonle Sap (See) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tonle Sap (See)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4nl%C3%A9_Sab" title="Tônlé Sab – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tônlé Sab" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BB%CE%B5_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%80" title="Τόνλε Σαπ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τόνλε Σαπ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonlesapo" title="Tonlesapo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tonlesapo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE" title="تونله ساپ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تونله ساپ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A4%EB%A0%88%EC%82%AC%ED%94%84%ED%98%B8" title="톤레사프호 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="톤레사프호" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danau_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Danau Tonlé Sap – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Danau Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ტონლესაპის ტბა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტონლესაპის ტბა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Тонлесап – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тонлесап" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D2%AF" title="Тонлесап көлү – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тонлесап көлү" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E2%80%8B%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%9A" title="ຕັນເລສາບ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຕັນເລສາບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacus_Tonlesapensis" title="Lacus Tonlesapensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lacus Tonlesapensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C4%93s%C4%81bs" title="Tonlēsābs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tonlēsābs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonlesapas" title="Tonlesapas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tonlesapas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szap-t%C3%B3" title="Szap-tó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szap-tó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sapmeer" title="Tonlé Sapmeer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tonlé Sapmeer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%83%E3%83%97" title="トンレサップ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トンレサップ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonlesap" title="Tonlesap – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tonlesap" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%93%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9B%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94" title="បឹងទន្លេសាប – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បឹងទន្លេសាប" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap_(jezioro)" title="Tonle Sap (jezioro) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tonle Sap (jezioro)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF_(%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE)" title="Тонлесап (озеро) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тонлесап (озеро)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Тонле Сап – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тонле Сап" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonle_Sap" title="Tonle Sap – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tonle Sap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%87_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D" title="தொன்லே சாப் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொன்லே சாப்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D" title="తున్లే సాప్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తున్లే సాప్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A" title="โตนเลสาบ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โตนเลสาบ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF" title="Тонлесап – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тонлесап" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%84%DB%92_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%BE" title="تونلے ساپ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تونلے ساپ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Hồ Tonlé Sap – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hồ Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E9%87%8C%E8%96%A9%E6%B9%96" title="洞里薩湖 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="洞里薩湖" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Tonlé Sap – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tonlé Sap" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E9%87%8C%E8%90%A8%E6%B9%96" title="洞里萨湖 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="洞里萨湖" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E9%87%8C%E8%96%A9%E6%B9%96" title="洞里薩湖 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="洞里薩湖" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%9E%E9%87%8C%E8%90%A8%E6%B9%96" title="洞里萨湖 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="洞里萨湖" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&params=12_53_N_104_04_E_type:waterbody_region:KH"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°53′N</span> <span class="longitude">104°04′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.883°N 104.067°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.883; 104.067</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Combined lake and river system in Cambodia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the river, see <a href="/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap_River" title="Tonlé Sap River">Tonlé Sap River</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Tonlé Sap</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname" style="font-size:100%; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><span title="Khmer-language text"><span lang="km">ទន្លេសាប</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TonleSapMap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TonleSapMap.png/264px-TonleSapMap.png" decoding="async" width="264" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TonleSapMap.png/396px-TonleSapMap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/TonleSapMap.png/528px-TonleSapMap.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:256px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:256px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:256px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodia_relief_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia."><img alt="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cambodia_relief_map.svg/256px-Cambodia_relief_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cambodia_relief_map.svg/384px-Cambodia_relief_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Cambodia_relief_map.svg/512px-Cambodia_relief_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1346" data-file-height="1215" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39.122%;left:32.754%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tonlé Sap"><img alt="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Tonlé Sap</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Cambodia</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:256px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:256px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:256px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia."><img alt="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/256px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/384px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/512px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:77.915%;left:58.59%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Tonlé Sap"><img alt="Location of Tonlé Sap in Cambodia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Tonlé Sap</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Asia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Mekong#Drainage_basin" title="Mekong">Lower Mekong Basin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Geographical coordinates">Coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&params=12_53_N_104_04_E_type:waterbody_region:KH"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">12°53′N</span> <span class="longitude">104°04′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">12.883°N 104.067°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.883; 104.067</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Body_of_water#Waterbody_types" title="Body of water">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Alluvial_plain" title="Alluvial plain">alluvial</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Inflow_(hydrology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflow (hydrology)"><span title="Primary inflows: rivers, streams, precipitation">Primary inflows</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap_River" title="Tonlé Sap River">Tonlé Sap River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siem_Reap_River" title="Siem Reap River">Siem Reap River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pursat_River" title="Pursat River">Pursat River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sangke_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangke River">Sangke River</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Discharge_(hydrology)" title="Discharge (hydrology)"><span title="Primary outflows: rivers, streams, evaporation">Primary outflows</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">Tonlé Sap River</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</a> countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. length</th><td class="infobox-data">250 km (160 mi) (maximum)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. width</th><td class="infobox-data">100 km (62 mi)(maximum)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface area</th><td class="infobox-data">2,700 km<sup>2</sup> (1,000 sq mi) (minimum) <br /> 16,000 km<sup>2</sup> (6,200 sq mi) (maximum)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average depth</th><td class="infobox-data">1 m (3.3 ft) (minimum)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. depth</th><td class="infobox-data">10 m (33 ft)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Water volume</th><td class="infobox-data">80 km<sup>3</sup> (19 cu mi) (maximum)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">0.5 m (1 ft 8 in)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settlements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Siem_Reap" title="Siem Reap">Siem Reap</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battambang" title="Battambang">Battambang</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="250" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_485b6d84f6fa0f37a7c67ff071dc145cf42ff693"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&revid=1256532040&groups=_485b6d84f6fa0f37a7c67ff071dc145cf42ff693" width="250" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&revid=1256532040&groups=_485b6d84f6fa0f37a7c67ff071dc145cf42ff693 2x" alt="Map" /></a></th></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1092331828">@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .contains-special-characters{width:22em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right contains-special-characters noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aksar_Khmer.svg/40px-Aksar_Khmer.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aksar_Khmer.svg/60px-Aksar_Khmer.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Aksar_Khmer.svg/80px-Aksar_Khmer.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="225" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a> text.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Multilingual_support_(Indic)" title="Help:Multilingual support (Indic)">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Khmer_script" title="Khmer script">Khmer script</a>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>Tonlé Sap</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Khmer_language" title="Khmer language">Khmer</a>: <span lang="km">ទន្លេសាប</span>, <span title="Khmer-language romanization"><i lang="km-Latn">Tônlé Sab</i></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="km-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Khmer" title="Help:IPA/Khmer">[tɔnleː<span class="wrap"> </span>saːp]</a></span>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Fresh River</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span> or commonly translated as <b>'Great Lake</b>') is a lake in the northwest of <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>. Belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Mekong" title="Mekong">Mekong River</a> system, Tonlé Sap is the largest freshwater lake in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> and one of the most diverse and productive ecosystems in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO in 1997 due to its high biodiversity.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 21st century, the lake and its surrounding ecosystems are under increasing pressure from <a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Cambodia" title="Deforestation in Cambodia">deforestation</a>, infrastructure development and <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Cambodia" title="Climate change in Cambodia">climate change</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-uw1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uw1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cambodia,_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG/220px-Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG/330px-Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG/440px-Cambodia%2C_Tonle_Sap_IMG_3324.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Scenery of Tonle Sap</figcaption></figure> <p>Tonlé Sap Lake is located in the northwest of the lower Mekong plain, formed by the collision and collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Plate">Indian Plate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Plate">Eurasian Plate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lower Mekong plain used to be a bay, and the sea level rose rapidly at the end of the last <a href="/wiki/Glacial_period" title="Glacial period">glacial period</a>. About 4.5 metres (15 ft) high, cores from this period found near Angkor contain tidal deposits, as well as salt marshes and <a href="/wiki/Mangrove_swamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangrove swamp">mangrove swamp</a> deposits,<sup id="cite_ref-Tamuraetal2004_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tamuraetal2004-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> deposited in caves about 7,900-7,300 years ago The sediments of Lake Sap also show signs of marine influence.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current river morphology of the Mekong Delta was developed over the past 6,000 years,<sup id="cite_ref-MRC_2010a_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRC_2010a-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the remaining waters in the northwest corner of the lower Mekong plain formed the Tonlé Sap.<sup id="cite_ref-r4_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hydrology">Hydrology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Hydrology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Tonlé Sap <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">drainage basin</a> is bordered to the southwest by the <a href="/wiki/Cardamom_Mountains" title="Cardamom Mountains">Cardamom Mountains</a>, with heights of more than 1,700 metres (5,600 ft), and to the north are the Piandan Mountains with an average height of 500 metres (1,600 ft). The basin covers an area of 86,000 square kilometres (33,000 sq mi). The 120 kilometres (75 mi)-long Tonlé Sap River connects the Tonlé Sap Lake with the Mekong River and contributes 9% of the flow of the Mekong River.<sup id="cite_ref-uw1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uw1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The size and water volume of the lake varies greatly throughout the year, with a minimum area of about 2,500–3,000 square kilometres (970–1,160 sq mi) and a volume of about 1 cubic kilometre (0.24 cu mi) in the dry season,<sup id="cite_ref-MRC-2005_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRC-2005-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the water body expands in the rainy season, increasing the depth to 9–14 metres (30–46 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The maximum area is 16,000 square kilometres (6,200 sq mi), and the volume is about 80 cubic kilometres (19 cu mi).<sup id="cite_ref-MRC-2005_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRC-2005-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 34% of the water in the Tonlé Sap comes from the rivers that enter the lake, about 53.5% from the Mekong River, and 12.5% from precipitation.<sup id="cite_ref-uw1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uw1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> May to October is the rainy season in the lower Mekong plain, and November to March is the dry season. The annual rainfall is 1,000 to 4,000 millimetres (39 to 157 in). Almost all the precipitation is in the rainy season.<sup id="cite_ref-McElwee-1999_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McElwee-1999-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of the dry season, the Tonlé Sap Lake has a typical depth of 1 metre (3.3 ft). As the <a href="/wiki/Monsoon_rains" class="mw-redirect" title="Monsoon rains">monsoon rain</a> begins, the <a href="/wiki/Water_level" title="Water level">water level</a> of the river begins to rise, eventually reversing the flow of the river. The water level of the Tonlé Sap increases by about 10 metres (33 ft), the flow of the Mekong gradually decreases at the end of the rainy season, and the flow of the Tonlé Sap then reverses and begins to replenish the flow of the Mekong.<sup id="cite_ref-State_of_water:_Cambodia_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-State_of_water:_Cambodia-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The extreme hydrodynamic complexity of the Tonlé Sap Lake, both in time and space, makes it impossible to measure specific flow, and water level rather than velocity and volume determines the movement of water as it shapes the landscape.<sup id="cite_ref-MRC-2005_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRC-2005-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 72% of the modern sediments deposited in the Tonlé Sap come from the Mekong River, while only 28% come from the catchments upstream of the lake.<sup id="cite_ref-r4_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-r4-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sediment-bound phosphorus acts as the basis of the food chain through phytoplankton, and internal nutrient cycling plays a crucial role in the productivity of the <a href="/wiki/Floodplain" title="Floodplain">floodplain</a> and, therefore, the long-term sustainability of the lake's entire ecosystem.<sup id="cite_ref-Kummu-2008_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kummu-2008-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG/220px-Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG/330px-Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG/440px-Tonle_Sap_-_dop%C5%82yw.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption>Tonle Sap's flood forests</figcaption></figure> <p>The land cover of the Tonlé Sap Lake Basin is 55% of the forest land and 45% of the agricultural land.<sup id="cite_ref-uw1_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uw1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lake is surrounded by freshwater mangroves known as "flood forests",<sup id="cite_ref-RICE-BASED3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RICE-BASED3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> accounting for 3% of the basin area,<sup id="cite_ref-uw1_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uw1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the floodplain is surrounded by low hills and covered with evergreen or deciduous seasonal tropical plants. The forest is dominated by <a href="/wiki/Dipterocarpaceae" title="Dipterocarpaceae">Dipterocarpaceae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leguminosae" class="mw-redirect" title="Leguminosae">Leguminosae</a>, Lacelandaceae, and in some places Pinaceae, Rohan pineaceae or bamboo. As the distance from the lake becomes farther and farther away, the forest gradually turns into a thicket, and finally into a meadow.<sup id="cite_ref-RICE-BASED3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RICE-BASED3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In areas with higher quality soils or higher altitudes, deciduous mixed forests and semi-evergreen forests occur.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-yg6_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yg6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This diversity of vegetation types underlies the species diversity of the Tonle Sap ecosystem, with interlocking forests, grasslands and swamps providing refuge for local wildlife.<sup id="cite_ref-yg6_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yg6-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The lake is home to at least 149 species of fish, 11 of which are globally endangered, and the lake area is also home to 6 near-threatened species, including spotted-billed, great bald, bengal, black-bellied, and <a href="/wiki/Grey-headed_fish_eagle" title="Grey-headed fish eagle">Grey-headed fish eagle</a> and Far Eastern reed, in addition to supporting reptile populations including the endangered <a href="/wiki/Siamese_crocodile" title="Siamese crocodile">Siamese crocodile</a> and numerous freshwater snakes, and although much of the Lake District has been turned into farmland, 200 species of higher plants are still recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-Campbell-2006_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Campbell-2006-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Mekong giant catfish, which lives in the Tonlé Sap Lake, is one of the largest freshwater fish in the world. A fisherman caught a Mekong giant catfish weighing nearly 648 pounds in May 2004, but its population has been declining since the mid-1970s. It is currently illegal for fishermen to catch and retain Mekong giant catfish, and only a few are used for scientific research.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a natural flood reservoir for the entire Mekong River system, Tonlé Sap Lake regulates floods in the lower reaches of Phnom Penh during the rainy season, and is also an important supplement to the dry season flow of the <a href="/wiki/Mekong_Delta" title="Mekong Delta">Mekong Delta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Chadwick-2008_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chadwick-2008-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1997, <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> designated the Tonle Sap as a biosphere reserve, but scientists have been concerned that high dams built in southern China and Laos will affect the strength and flow of countercurrents into the Tonlé Sap, reducing the number of fish in the lake. Tonle Sap habitat for nesting, breeding, spawning, and foraging in the floodplain, which will adversely affect fish productivity and overall biodiversity in the Tonle Sap.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MRC-2010_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MRC-2010-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Forest_loss" class="mw-redirect" title="Forest loss">Forest loss</a> hotspots are located in low floodplain areas where protected areas are located, significant farmland expansion is mainly in the intersection between the lower and upper floodplains, population growth, fuelwood gathering and logging are the main causes of forest loss, intensification of agricultural activities and upstream hydropower development reduces buffers to natural habitats and increases the risk of forest loss.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 2030s, hydropower development may lead to large-scale changes in habitat, with the area of coastal forests likely to decrease by 82%, while the area of rain-fed habitats may increase by 10–13%.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2020, under the influence of the El Niño phenomenon and the impoundment of dams in the tributaries of the Mekong River, the water level of the Tonle Sap Lake hit a record low for the same period in the past 60 years.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fishery">Fishery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fishery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG/220px-Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG/330px-Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG/440px-Dwellings_on_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Dwellings on Tonlé Sap</figcaption></figure> <p>The Tonlé Sap Lake District has always been a vital fishing and agricultural production area for Cambodia, and it has largely maintained <a href="/wiki/Angkor" title="Angkor">Angkor</a>, the largest pre-industrial settlement complex in history.<sup id="cite_ref-JSS-1994_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JSS-1994-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While many fish left lakes and ponds to spawn in flooded forests at the onset of floods, the inflow of Mekong floods brought large numbers of fry, which found shelter and food in flooded forests and floodplains.<sup id="cite_ref-RICE-BASED3_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RICE-BASED3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The approximately 1.2 million people who live in the Tonlé Sap Lake area, which accounts for about 60% of Cambodia's annual freshwater catch of over 400,000 tons, account for 60% of the country's population's protein intake.<sup id="cite_ref-Zalinge-2002_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zalinge-2002-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most fish are eaten fresh, and savory and fermented fish paste <a href="/wiki/Prahok" title="Prahok">Prahoc</a> is usually marinated from the least popular fish or leftover fish that cannot be sold fresh.<sup id="cite_ref-RICE-BASED3_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RICE-BASED3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For more than a century, the most productive lake areas have been privatized through a government-lease system of fishing grounds, providing more than $2 million in tax revenue annually.<sup id="cite_ref-Zalinge-2002_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zalinge-2002-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg/220px-Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg/330px-Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg/440px-Floating_school_at_Tonle_Sap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3924" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption>Floating school on Tonlé Sap</figcaption></figure> <p>Since Buddhism is against killing, fishermen tend to limit their catch to what they can feed their families. They do not kill the fish with their own hands but wait for the fish to die naturally after they leave the water. At the end of the rice season, people restore canoes that have been in use for hundreds of years or build new canoes when they can't be repaired in temples along the river, in preparation for the boating competition of the water festival. After two days of racing all the canoes come together to celebrate the <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81ga" title="Nāga">Naga</a>, the water serpent, who supposedly spit out the lake into the sea at the end of the rainy season,<sup id="cite_ref-Fassio-2002_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fassio-2002-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while bringing fish into the Mekong through the Tonlé Sap River.<sup id="cite_ref-RICE-BASED3_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RICE-BASED3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area is home to many <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_Cambodians" title="Vietnamese Cambodians">Cambodians of Vietnamese origin</a> who live in floating villages on boats by the lake.<sup id="cite_ref-vn1_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vn1-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the fishermen of Tonlé Sap Lake are of Vietnamese origin. They have lived in Cambodia for a long time and are the main suppliers of the country's fishery market. They had to flee to Vietnam during the Khmer Rouge reigning era from 1975 to 1979. Only returned after the <a href="/wiki/Third_Indochina_War" title="Third Indochina War">downfall of the regime</a> and continued to fish in the Tonle Sap.<sup id="cite_ref-Eater-20171229_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eater-20171229-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cambodia" title="Portal:Cambodia">Cambodia portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="image" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/28px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/42px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png/56px-Walden_Pond%2C_Massachusetts_on_June_27%2C_2012.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Lakes" title="Portal:Lakes">Lakes portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap" title="Battle of Tonlé Sap">Battle of Tonlé Sap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong" title="Mekong">Mekong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong_River_Commission" title="Mekong River Commission">Mekong River Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydropower_in_the_Mekong_River_Basin" title="Hydropower in the Mekong River Basin">Hydropower in the Mekong River Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Cambodia" title="List of rivers of Cambodia">List of rivers of Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong_Delta" title="Mekong Delta">Mekong Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Tonl%C3%A9_Sap_dragon_boat_accident" title="2007 Tonlé Sap dragon boat accident">2007 Tonlé Sap dragon boat accident</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output 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Curtis (1 December 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241364742">"Mid to Late Holocene (5-3 ka) Origin of the Modern Tonle Sap Lake System, Cambodia"</a>. <i>AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts</i>. <b>2008</b>. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008AGUFM.H53C1062D">2008AGUFM.H53C1062D</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eater&rft.atitle=When+There+Are+No+More+Fish&rft.date=2017-12-29&rft.aulast=Seiff&rft.aufirst=Abby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eater.com%2F2017%2F12%2F29%2F16823664%2Ftonle-sap-drought-cambodia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATonl%C3%A9+Sap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Kuenzer, C. (2013): "Field Note: Threatening Tonle Sap: Challenges for Southeast-Asia’s largest Freshwater Lake." In: <i>Pacific Geographies</i> 40, pp. 29–31.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Osborne" title="Milton Osborne">Milton Osborne</a>, <i>The Mekong, Turbulent Past, Uncertain Future</i> (<a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Monthly_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Monthly Press">Atlantic Monthly Press</a>, 2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87113-806-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87113-806-9">0-87113-806-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonl%C3%A9_Sap&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" 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href="http://www.cnmc.gov.kh/">Cambodia National Mekong Committee</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ensp.umd.edu/Academics/399C_18.Mekong.doc">THE STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MEKONG By: Osborne, Milton</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2024">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A35167-2004Dec29.html">Washington Post</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050521025435/http://earthtrends.wri.org/pdf_library/country_profiles/Coa_cou_116.pdf">Country Profile</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809095057/http://www.journalsonline.tandf.co.uk/openurl.asp?genre=issue&issn=0790-0627&volume=22&issue=3">International Journal of Water Resources Development – Tonle Sap Special Issue</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031209061304/http://www.eia.fi/wup-fin/">Tonle Sap Modelling project (WUP-FIN) under Mekong River Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mekong-protected-areas.org/cambodia/pa-map.htm">Protected areas in Cambodia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927190625/http://www.mekong-protected-areas.org/cambodia/pa-map.htm">Archived</a> 27 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Provinces_of_Cambodia" title="Template:Provinces of Cambodia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Provinces_of_Cambodia" title="Template talk:Provinces of Cambodia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Provinces_of_Cambodia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Provinces of Cambodia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provinces_of_Cambodia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Cambodia" title="Provinces of Cambodia">Provinces of Cambodia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous municipality</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_Cambodia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Cambodia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;padding:0.25em; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banteay_Meanchey_province" title="Banteay Meanchey province">Banteay Meanchey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battambang_province" title="Battambang province">Battambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong_Cham_province" title="Kampong Cham province">Kampong Cham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong_Chhnang_province" title="Kampong Chhnang province">Kampong Chhnang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong_Speu_province" title="Kampong Speu province">Kampong Speu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampong_Thom_province" title="Kampong Thom province">Kampong Thom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kampot_province" title="Kampot province">Kampot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandal_province" title="Kandal province">Kandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kep_province" title="Kep province">Kep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koh_Kong_province" title="Koh Kong province">Koh Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krati%C3%A9_province" title="Kratié province">Kratié</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondulkiri_province" title="Mondulkiri province">Mondulkiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oddar_Meanchey_province" title="Oddar Meanchey province">Oddar Meanchey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pailin_province" title="Pailin province">Pailin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pursat_province" title="Pursat province">Pursat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihanoukville_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Sihanoukville province">Preah Sihanouk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preah_Vihear_province" title="Preah Vihear province">Preah Vihear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prey_Veng_province" title="Prey Veng province">Prey Veng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratanakiri_province" title="Ratanakiri province">Ratanakiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siem_Reap_province" title="Siem Reap province">Siem Reap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stung_Treng_province" title="Stung Treng province">Stung Treng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svay_Rieng_province" title="Svay Rieng province">Svay Rieng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tak%C3%A9o_province" title="Takéo province">Takeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tboung_Khmum_province" title="Tboung Khmum province">Tboung Khmum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" title="Template:Protected areas of Cambodia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" title="Template talk:Protected areas of Cambodia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Protected areas of Cambodia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Cambodia">Protected areas of Cambodia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">National Parks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botum_Sakor_National_Park" title="Botum Sakor National Park">Botum Sakor National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Cardamom_Mountains_National_Park" title="Central Cardamom Mountains National Park">Central Cardamom Mountains National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hun_Sen_Russei_Trep_National_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hun Sen Russei Trep National Park (page does not exist)">Hun Sen Russei Trep National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kep_National_Park" title="Kep National Park">Kep National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirirom_National_Park" title="Kirirom National Park">Kirirom National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koh_Rong_Marine_National_Park" title="Koh Rong Marine National Park">Koh Rong Marine National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=O%27Yadav_National_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O'Yadav National Park (page does not exist)">O'Yadav National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Kulen_National_Park" title="Phnom Kulen National Park">Phnom Kulen National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preah_Monivong_National_Park" title="Preah Monivong National Park">Preah Monivong National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ream_National_Park" title="Ream National Park">Ream National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cardamom_National_Park" title="Southern Cardamom National Park">Southern Cardamom National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vensai_Siempang_National_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vensai Siempang National Park (page does not exist)">Vensai Siempang National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virachey_National_Park" title="Virachey National Park">Virachey National Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Wildlife Sanctuaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beng_Per_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary">Beng Per Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhaeb_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary">Chhaeb Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keo_Seima_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary">Keo Seima Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulen_Promtep_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary">Kulen Promtep Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lomphat_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Lomphat Wildlife Sanctuary">Lomphat Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peam_Krasop_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Peam Krasop Wildlife Sanctuary">Peam Krasop Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Aural_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Phnom Aural Wildlife Sanctuary">Phnom Aural Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Nam_Lyr_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Phnom Nam Lyr Wildlife Sanctuary">Phnom Nam Lyr Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Prich_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary">Phnom Prich Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Sankos_Wildlife_Sanctuary" class="mw-redirect" title="Phnom Sankos Wildlife Sanctuary">Phnom Sankos Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Thnout-Phnom_Pok_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary">Phnom Thnout-Phnom Pok Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preah_Roka_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary">Preah Roka Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prek_Prasab_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Prek Prasab Wildlife Sanctuary">Prek Prasab Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prey_Lang" class="mw-redirect" title="Prey Lang">Prey Lang Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambor_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sambor Wildlife Sanctuary">Sambor Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanka_Rokhavan_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sanka Rokhavan Wildlife Sanctuary">Sanka Rokhavan Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siem_Pang_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Siem Pang Wildlife Sanctuary">Siem Pang Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sre_Pok_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Sre Pok Wildlife Sanctuary">Sre Pok Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stung_Sen_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Stung Sen Wildlife Sanctuary">Stung Sen Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatai_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Tatai Wildlife Sanctuary">Tatai Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Protected Landscapes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=An_Long_Pring_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="An Long Pring Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">An Long Pring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ang_Trapaing_Thmor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ang Trapaing Thmor">Ang Trapeng Thmor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angkor_Protected_Landscape" class="mw-redirect" title="Angkor Protected Landscape">Angkor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banteay_Chhmar_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banteay Chhmar Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Banteay Chhmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boeng_Lomkod_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boeng Lomkod Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Boeng Lomkod</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boeng_Prektub_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boeng Prektub Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Boeng Prektub</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boeung_Prek_Lpov_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boeung Prek Lpov Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Boeung Prek Lpov</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Tonle_Sap_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="North Tonle Sap Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">North Tonle Sap</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phnom_Krang_Dey_Meas_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phnom Krang Dey Meas Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Phnom Krang Dey Meas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prasat_Bakan_(Kampong_Svay)_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prasat Bakan (Kampong Svay) Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Prasat Bakan (Kampong Svay)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Preah_Vihear_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preah Vihear Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Preah Vihear</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roneam_Daun_Sam_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roneam Daun Sam Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Roneam Daun Sam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambor_Prey_Kok_Temple_Protected_Landscape" class="mw-redirect" title="Sambor Prey Kok Temple Protected Landscape">Sambor Prey Kok Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yak_Oum-Yakara_Protected_Landscape&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yak Oum-Yakara Protected Landscape (page does not exist)">Yak Oum-Yakara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Multiple Use Areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boeng_Chhmar_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boeng Chhmar Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Boeng Chhmar Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeng_Yeak_Laom_Multiple_Use_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeng Yeak Laom Multiple Use Area">Boeng Yeak Laom Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dong_Peng" title="Dong Peng">Dong Peng Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kbal_Chay_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kbal Chay Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Kbal Chay Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phnom_Neang_Kong_Rey_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phnom Neang Kong Rey Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Phnom Neang Kong Rey Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prek_Toal_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prek Toal Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Prek Toal Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Punchearkrek_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Punchearkrek Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Punchearkrek Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samlaut_Multiple_Use_Area" title="Samlaut Multiple Use Area">Samlaut Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sorsor_Sdam_Sat_Tor_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sorsor Sdam Sat Tor Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Sorsor Sdam Sat Tor Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stung_Sen_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stung Sen Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Stung Sen Multiple Use Area</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tonle_Sap_Multiple_Use_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tonle Sap Multiple Use Area (page does not exist)">Tonle Sap Multiple Use Area</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Natural Heritage Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Tbeng_Natural_Heritage_Park" title="Phnom Tbeng Natural Heritage Park">Phnom Tbeng Natural Heritage Park</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phnom_Yat_Natural_Heritage_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phnom Yat Natural Heritage Park (page does not exist)">Phnom Yat Natural Heritage Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeng_Tonle_Chhmar" title="Boeng Tonle Chhmar">Boeng Tonle Chhmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonl%C3%A9_Sap_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Tonlé Sap Biosphere Reserve">Tonlé Sap Biosphere Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stung_Treng_Ramsar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stung Treng Ramsar (page does not exist)">Stung Treng Ramsar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koh_Kae_Protected_Resort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koh Kae Protected Resort (page does not exist)">Koh Kae Protected Resort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#bbeb85;">Former protected areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roneam_Daun_Sam_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Roneam Daun Sam Wildlife Sanctuary">Roneam Daun Sam Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snoul_Wildlife_Sanctuary" title="Snoul Wildlife Sanctuary">Snoul Wildlife Sanctuary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geography_of_Cambodia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geography_of_Cambodia" title="Template:Geography of Cambodia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geography_of_Cambodia" title="Template talk:Geography of Cambodia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geography_of_Cambodia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geography of Cambodia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geography_of_Cambodia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cambodia" title="Geography of Cambodia">Geography of Cambodia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><b>Subcategories</b></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Cambodia_by_province" title="Category:Geography of Cambodia by province">Geography by province</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cambodia_geography-related_lists" title="Category:Cambodia geography-related lists">Geography-related lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Borders_of_Cambodia" title="Category:Borders of Cambodia">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Forests_of_Cambodia" title="Category:Forests of Cambodia">Forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geology_of_Cambodia" title="Category:Geology of Cambodia">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Landforms_of_Cambodia" title="Category:Landforms of Cambodia">Landforms‎</a></li> <li><a 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