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aria-controls="toc-Presidents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Presidents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1888–1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1888–1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>1888–1900</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1888–1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1901–1950" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1901–1950"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>1901–1950</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1901–1950-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1951–2000" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1951–2000"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>1951–2000</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1951–2000-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2001–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2001–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>2001–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2001–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Executive_Directors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Executive_Directors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Executive Directors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Executive_Directors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">American Mathematical Society</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمعية الرياضيات الأمريكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمعية الرياضيات الأمريكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socied%C3%A1_Matem%C3%A1tica_Americana" title="Sociedá Matemática Americana – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sociedá Matemática Americana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Амерыканскае матэматычнае таварыства – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Амерыканскае матэматычнае таварыства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societat_Americana_de_Matem%C3%A0tiques" title="Societat Americana de Matemàtiques – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Societat Americana de Matemàtiques" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americk%C3%A1_matematick%C3%A1_spole%C4%8Dnost" title="Americká matematická společnost – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Americká matematická společnost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Αμερικανική Μαθηματική Εταιρεία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αμερικανική Μαθηματική Εταιρεία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="انجمن ریاضی آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن ریاضی آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%EC%88%98%ED%95%99%ED%9A%8C" title="미국 수학회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 수학회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%92%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="האגודה האמריקאית למתמטיקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האגודה האמריקאית למתמטיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="جمعية الرياضيات الامريكانيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جمعية الرياضيات الامريكانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E4%BC%9A" title="アメリカ数学会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ数学会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameryka%C5%84skie_Towarzystwo_Matematyczne" title="Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amerykańskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Американское математическое общество – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Американское математическое общество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameri%C5%A1ko_matemati%C4%8Dno_dru%C5%A1tvo" title="Ameriško matematično društvo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ameriško matematično društvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Mathematical_Society" title="American Mathematical Society – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="American Mathematical Society" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikan_Matematik_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" title="Amerikan Matematik Topluluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerikan Matematik Topluluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Американське математичне товариство – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Американське математичне товариство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="امریکی ریاضیاتی سوسائٹی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="امریکی ریاضیاتی سوسائٹی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_To%C3%A1n_h%E1%BB%8Dc_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Hội Toán học Hoa Kỳ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hội Toán học Hoa Kỳ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Association of professional mathematicians</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">American Mathematical Society</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg/220px-American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg/330px-American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg/440px-American_Mathematical_Society_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="68" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg/220px-AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg/330px-AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg/440px-AMS-entrance-Providence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1888<span class="noprint">; 136 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1888</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Taxpayer_Identification_Number" title="Taxpayer Identification Number">Tax ID no.</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">05-0264797</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/501(c)(3)" class="mw-redirect" title="501(c)(3)">501(c)(3)</a> non-profit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Membership </div></th><td class="infobox-data">30,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bryna_Kra" title="Bryna Kra">Bryna Kra</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Executive director</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catherine_A._Roberts" title="Catherine A. Roberts">Catherine A. Roberts</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Revenue <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2022)</span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">$32,815,444<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/">www<wbr />.ams<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>American Mathematical Society</b> (<b>AMS</b>) is an association of professional <a href="/wiki/Mathematician" title="Mathematician">mathematicians</a> dedicated to the interests of <a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">mathematical</a> research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs. </p><p>The society is one of the four parts of the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Policy_Board_for_Mathematics" title="Joint Policy Board for Mathematics">Joint Policy Board for Mathematics</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Conference_Board_of_the_Mathematical_Sciences" title="Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences">Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS was founded in 1888 as the <b>New York Mathematical Society</b>, the brainchild of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fiske" title="Thomas Fiske">Thomas Fiske</a>, who was impressed by the <a href="/wiki/London_Mathematical_Society" title="London Mathematical Society">London Mathematical Society</a> on a visit to England. <a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Van_Amringe" title="John Howard Van Amringe">John Howard Van Amringe</a> became the first president while Fiske became secretary.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The society soon decided to publish a journal, but ran into some resistance over concerns about competing with the <i><a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Mathematics" title="American Journal of Mathematics">American Journal of Mathematics</a></i>. The result was the <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society">Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</a></i>, with Fiske as editor-in-chief. The de facto journal, as intended, was influential in increasing membership. The popularity of the <i>Bulletin</i> soon led to the launches of the <i><a href="/wiki/Transactions_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Transactions of the American Mathematical Society">Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society">Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society</a></i>, which were also de facto journals. </p><p>In 1891, <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Scott" title="Charlotte Scott">Charlotte Scott</a> of Britain became the first woman to join the AMS, then called the New York Mathematical Society.<sup id="cite_ref-Charlotte_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Charlotte-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The society reorganized under its present name (American Mathematical Society) and became a national society in 1894,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that year Scott became the first woman on the first Council of the society.<sup id="cite_ref-BiographiesOfWomenMathematicians_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BiographiesOfWomenMathematicians-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927 <a href="/wiki/Anna_Johnson_Pell_Wheeler" title="Anna Johnson Pell Wheeler">Anna Pell-Wheeler</a> became the first woman to present a lecture at the society's Colloquium.<sup id="cite_ref-agnesscott2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agnesscott2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1951 there was a southeastern sectional meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America" title="Mathematical Association of America">Mathematical Association of America</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The citation delivered at the 2007 MAA awards presentation, where <a href="/wiki/Lee_Lorch" title="Lee Lorch">Lee Lorch</a> received a standing ovation, recorded that: </p> <dl><dd>"<i><a href="/wiki/Lee_Lorch" title="Lee Lorch">Lee Lorch</a>, the chair of the mathematics department at <a href="/wiki/Fisk_University" title="Fisk University">Fisk University</a>, and three Black colleagues, <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Boyd_Granville" title="Evelyn Boyd Granville">Evelyn Boyd</a> (now Granville), Walter Brown, and H. M. Holloway came to the meeting and were able to attend the scientific sessions. However, the organizer for the closing banquet refused to honor the reservations of these four mathematicians. (Letters in Science, August 10, 1951, pp. 161–162 spell out the details). Lorch and his colleagues wrote to the governing bodies of the AMS [American Mathematical Society] and <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America" title="Mathematical Association of America">MAA</a> seeking bylaws against discrimination. Bylaws were not changed, but non-discriminatory policies were established and have been strictly observed since then.</i>"<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MAA_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAA-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Also in 1951, the American Mathematical Society's headquarters moved from <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> to <a href="/wiki/Providence,_Rhode_Island" title="Providence, Rhode Island">Providence, Rhode Island</a>. The society later added an office in <a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor, Michigan</a> in 1965<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an office in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> in 1992. </p><p>In 1954 the society called for the creation of a new teaching degree, a Doctor of Arts in Mathematics, similar to a PhD but without a research thesis.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, as reported in "A Brief History of the <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Women_in_Mathematics" title="Association for Women in Mathematics">Association for Women in Mathematics</a>: The Presidents' Perspectives" by <a href="/wiki/Lenore_Blum" title="Lenore Blum">Lenore Blum</a>, "In those years the AMS was governed by what could only be called an 'old boys network,' closed to all but those in the inner circle." <a href="/wiki/Mary_W._Gray" title="Mary W. Gray">Mary W. Gray</a> challenged that situation by "sitting in on the Council meeting in Atlantic City. When she was told she had to leave, she refused saying she would wait until the police came. (Mary relates the story somewhat differently: When she was told she had to leave, she responded she could find no rules in the by-laws restricting attendance at Council meetings. She was then told it was by 'gentlemen's agreement.' Naturally Mary replied 'Well, obviously I'm no gentleman.') After that time, Council meetings were open to observers and the process of democratization of the Society had begun."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, in 1971 the AMS established its Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences (JCW), which later became a joint committee of multiple scholarly societies.<sup id="cite_ref-wordpress_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wordpress-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Julia_Robinson" title="Julia Robinson">Julia Robinson</a> was the first female president of the American Mathematical Society (1983–1984), but was unable to complete her term as she was suffering from <a href="/wiki/Leukemia" title="Leukemia">leukemia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1988, the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Journal of the American Mathematical Society">Journal of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> was created, as the flagship journal of the AMS. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meetings">Meetings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Meetings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS, along with more than a dozen other organizations, holds the largest annual research mathematics meeting in the world, the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Mathematics_Meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Mathematics Meeting">Joint Mathematics Meeting</a>, in early January. The 2019 Joint Mathematics Meeting in Baltimore drew approximately 6,000 attendees. Each of the four regional sections of the AMS (Central, Eastern, Southeastern, and Western) holds meetings in the spring and fall of each year. The society also co-sponsors meetings with other international mathematical societies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fellows">Fellows</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fellows"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Category:Fellows of the American Mathematical Society">Category:Fellows of the American Mathematical Society</a></div> <p>The AMS selects an annual class of Fellows who have made outstanding contributions to the advancement of mathematics.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS publishes <i><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Reviews" title="Mathematical Reviews">Mathematical Reviews</a></i>, a database of reviews of mathematical publications, various journals, and books. In 1997 the AMS acquired <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Publishing_Company" title="Chelsea Publishing Company">Chelsea Publishing Company</a>, which it uses as an imprint. In 2017, the AMS acquired MAA Press, the book publishing program of the <a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America" title="Mathematical Association of America">Mathematical Association of America</a>. The AMS has continued to publish books under the MAA Press imprint.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Journals: </p> <ul><li>General <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society">Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published quarterly</li> <li><i>Communications of the American Mathematical Society</i> — online only</li> <li><i>Electronic Research Announcements of the American Mathematical Society</i> — online only</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Journal of the American Mathematical Society">Journal of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published quarterly</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Memoirs_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society">Memoirs of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published six times per year</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notices_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Notices of the American Mathematical Society">Notices of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published monthly, one of the most widely read mathematical periodicals</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society">Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published monthly</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Transactions_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society" title="Transactions of the American Mathematical Society">Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</a></i> — published monthly</li></ul></li> <li>Subject-specific <ul><li><i>Conformal Geometry and Dynamics</i> — online only</li> <li><i>Journal of Algebraic Geometry</i> – published quarterly</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathematics_of_Computation" title="Mathematics of Computation">Mathematics of Computation</a></i> — published quarterly</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Surveys_and_Monographs" title="Mathematical Surveys and Monographs">Mathematical Surveys and Monographs</a></i></li> <li><i>Representation Theory</i> — online only</li></ul></li> <li>Translation Journals <ul><li><i>St. Petersburg Mathematical Journal</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_Probability_and_Mathematical_Statistics" title="Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics">Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics</a></i></li> <li><i>Transactions of the Moscow Mathematical Society</i></li> <li><i>Sugaku Expositions</i></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Proceedings and Collections: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/advsov-coll">Advances in Soviet Mathematics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/trans2-coll">American Mathematical Society Translations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/amsip-coll">AMS/IP Studies in Advanced Mathematics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/crmp-coll">Centre de Recherches Mathématiques (CRM) Proceedings & Lecture Notes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/conm-coll">Contemporary Mathematics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/dimacs-coll">IMACS: Series in Discrete Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/fic-coll">Fields Institute Communications</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/psapm-coll">Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publications/ebooks/pspum-coll">Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prizes">Prizes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some prizes are awarded jointly with other mathematical organizations. See specific articles for details. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B4cher_Memorial_Prize" title="Bôcher Memorial Prize">Bôcher Memorial Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cole_Prize" title="Cole Prize">Cole Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_P._Robbins_Prize" title="David P. Robbins Prize">David P. Robbins Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulkerson_Prize" title="Fulkerson Prize">Fulkerson Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leroy_P._Steele_Prize" title="Leroy P. Steele Prize">Leroy P. Steele Prizes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Prize" title="Morgan Prize">Morgan Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Wiener_Prize_in_Applied_Mathematics" title="Norbert Wiener Prize in Applied Mathematics">Norbert Wiener Prize in Applied Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Veblen_Prize_in_Geometry" title="Oswald Veblen Prize in Geometry">Oswald Veblen Prize in Geometry</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outreach">Outreach</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Outreach"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS creates outreach materials aimed at middle school, high school, and college students. These include: </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/posters">Posters</a> about mathematicians and mathematics</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/mathmoments/mathmoments">Mathematical Moments</a>: posters and interviews about applications of math to science and society</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/mathmedia/">Math in the Media</a>: a monthly rundown of news articles that mention math, paired with classroom activities on the relevant math concepts.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typesetting">Typesetting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Typesetting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS was an early advocate of the typesetting program <a href="/wiki/TeX" title="TeX">TeX</a>, requiring that contributions be written in it and producing its own packages <a href="/wiki/AMS-TeX" class="mw-redirect" title="AMS-TeX">AMS-TeX</a> and <a href="/wiki/AMS-LaTeX" title="AMS-LaTeX">AMS-LaTeX</a>. TeX and LaTeX are now ubiquitous in mathematical publishing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidents">Presidents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Presidents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS is led by the President, who is elected for a two-year term, and cannot serve for two consecutive terms.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1888–1900"><span id="1888.E2.80.931900"></span>1888–1900</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1888–1900"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Howard_Van_Amringe" title="John Howard Van Amringe">John Howard Van Amringe</a> (New York Mathematical Society) (1888–1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory_McClintock" title="Emory McClintock">Emory McClintock</a> (New York Mathematical Society) (1891–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_William_Hill" title="George William Hill">George Hill</a> (1895–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Newcomb" title="Simon Newcomb">Simon Newcomb</a> (1897–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Simpson_Woodward" title="Robert Simpson Woodward">Robert Woodward</a> (1899–1900)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1901–1950"><span id="1901.E2.80.931950"></span>1901–1950</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1901–1950"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E._H._Moore" title="E. H. Moore">Eliakim Moore</a> (1901–02)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fiske" title="Thomas Fiske">Thomas Fiske</a> (1903–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Fogg_Osgood" title="William Fogg Osgood">William Osgood</a> (1905–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Seely_White" title="Henry Seely White">Henry White</a> (1907–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxime_B%C3%B4cher" title="Maxime Bôcher">Maxime Bôcher</a> (1909–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Burchard_Fine" title="Henry Burchard Fine">Henry Fine</a> (1911–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Burr_Van_Vleck" title="Edward Burr Van Vleck">Edward Van Vleck</a> (1913–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_William_Brown" title="Ernest William Brown">Ernest Brown</a> (1915–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Eugene_Dickson" title="Leonard Eugene Dickson">Leonard Dickson</a> (1917–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Morley" title="Frank Morley">Frank Morley</a> (1919–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Ames_Bliss" title="Gilbert Ames Bliss">Gilbert Bliss</a> (1921–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Veblen" title="Oswald Veblen">Oswald Veblen</a> (1923–24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_David_Birkhoff" title="George David Birkhoff">George Birkhoff</a> (1925–26)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Snyder" title="Virgil Snyder">Virgil Snyder</a> (1927–28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earle_Raymond_Hedrick" title="Earle Raymond Hedrick">Earle Raymond Hedrick</a> (1929–30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_P._Eisenhart" title="Luther P. Eisenhart">Luther Eisenhart</a> (1931–32)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Byron_Coble" title="Arthur Byron Coble">Arthur Byron Coble</a> (1933–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Lefschetz" title="Solomon Lefschetz">Solomon Lefschetz</a> (1935–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lee_Moore" title="Robert Lee Moore">Robert Moore</a> (1937–38)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griffith_C._Evans" title="Griffith C. Evans">Griffith C. Evans</a> (1939–40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marston_Morse" title="Marston Morse">Marston Morse</a> (1941–42)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshall Stone">Marshall Stone</a> (1943–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophil_Henry_Hildebrandt" title="Theophil Henry Hildebrandt">Theophil Hildebrandt</a> (1945–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Hille" title="Einar Hille">Einar Hille</a> (1947–48)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Walsh" title="Joseph L. Walsh">Joseph L. Walsh</a> (1949–50)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1951–2000"><span id="1951.E2.80.932000"></span>1951–2000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1951–2000"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann" title="John von Neumann">John von Neumann</a> (1951–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Whyburn" title="Gordon Whyburn">Gordon Whyburn</a> (1953–54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Louis_Wilder" title="Raymond Louis Wilder">Raymond Wilder</a> (1955–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brauer" title="Richard Brauer">Richard Brauer</a> (1957–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._McShane" title="Edward J. McShane">Edward McShane</a> (1959–60)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deane_Montgomery" title="Deane Montgomery">Deane Montgomery</a> (1961–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Leo_Doob" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Leo Doob">Joseph Doob</a> (1963–64)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Adrian_Albert" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham Adrian Albert">Abraham Albert</a> (1965–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Morrey_Jr." title="Charles B. Morrey Jr.">Charles B. Morrey Jr.</a> (1967–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Zariski" title="Oscar Zariski">Oscar Zariski</a> (1969–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Jacobson" title="Nathan Jacobson">Nathan Jacobson</a> (1971–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saunders_Mac_Lane" title="Saunders Mac Lane">Saunders Mac Lane</a> (1973–74)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipman_Bers" title="Lipman Bers">Lipman Bers</a> (1975–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RH_Bing" class="mw-redirect" title="RH Bing">R. H. Bing</a> (1977–78)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lax" title="Peter Lax">Peter Lax</a> (1979–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Gleason" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Gleason">Andrew Gleason</a> (1981–82)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Robinson" title="Julia Robinson">Julia Robinson</a> (1983–84)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kaplansky" title="Irving Kaplansky">Irving Kaplansky</a> (1985–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Mostow" title="George Mostow">George Mostow</a> (1987–88)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Browder_(mathematician)" title="William Browder (mathematician)">William Browder</a> (1989–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Artin" title="Michael Artin">Michael Artin</a> (1991–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Graham" title="Ronald Graham">Ronald Graham</a> (1993–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cathleen_Synge_Morawetz" title="Cathleen Synge Morawetz">Cathleen Morawetz</a> (1995–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Jaffe" title="Arthur Jaffe">Arthur Jaffe</a> (1997–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Browder" title="Felix Browder">Felix Browder</a> (1999–2000)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2001–present"><span id="2001.E2.80.93present"></span>2001–present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2001–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hyman_Bass" title="Hyman Bass">Hyman Bass</a> (2001–02)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Eisenbud" title="David Eisenbud">David Eisenbud</a> (2003–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Arthur_(mathematician)" title="James Arthur (mathematician)">James Arthur</a> (2005–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Glimm" title="James Glimm">James Glimm</a> (2007–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_E._Andrews" class="mw-redirect" title="George E. Andrews">George E. Andrews</a> (2009–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_M._Friedlander" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric M. Friedlander">Eric M. Friedlander</a> (2011–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Vogan" title="David Vogan">David Vogan</a> (2013–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bryant_(mathematician)" title="Robert Bryant (mathematician)">Robert L. Bryant</a> (2015–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Ribet" title="Ken Ribet">Ken Ribet</a> (2017–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jill_Pipher" title="Jill Pipher">Jill Pipher</a> (2019–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Charney" title="Ruth Charney">Ruth Charney</a> (2021–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryna_Kra" title="Bryna Kra">Bryna Kra</a> (2023–24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Vakil" title="Ravi Vakil">Ravi Vakil</a> (president-elect)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Executive_Directors">Executive Directors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Executive Directors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The AMS has an executive director who sits at the helm of the organization, steering it, managing its operations, and carrying out its mission according to the strategic direction of the board of trustees.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holbrook_MacNeille" class="mw-redirect" title="Holbrook MacNeille">Holbrook MacNeille</a> (1949–1954)</li> <li>John Curtiss (1954–1959)</li> <li>Gordon Walker (1959–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_LeVeque" class="mw-redirect" title="William LeVeque">William LeVeque</a> (1977–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jaco" title="William Jaco">William Jaco</a> (1988–1995)</li> <li>John H. Ewing (1995–2009)</li> <li>Donald McClure (2009–2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_A._Roberts" title="Catherine A. Roberts">Catherine Roberts</a> (2016–2023)</li> <li>John Meier (2024-)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/50264797">"Nonprofit Explorer: American Mathematical Society"</a>. ProPublica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240530070249/https://projects.propublica.org/nonprofits/organizations/50264797">Archived</a> from the original on May 30, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nonprofit+Explorer%3A+American+Mathematical+Society&rft.pub=ProPublica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprojects.propublica.org%2Fnonprofits%2Forganizations%2F50264797&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchibald,_Raymond_Clare1939" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Clare_Archibald" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Clare Archibald">Archibald, Raymond Clare</a> (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.bams/1183501056">"History of the American Mathematical Society, 1888–1938"</a>. <i>Bull. Amer. Math. Soc</i>. <b>45</b> (1): 31–46. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1090%2Fs0002-9904-1939-06908-5">10.1090/s0002-9904-1939-06908-5</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181210110812/https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.bams/1183501056">Archived</a> from the original on December 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Amer.+Math.+Soc.&rft.atitle=History+of+the+American+Mathematical+Society%2C+1888%E2%80%931938&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=31-46&rft.date=1939&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1090%2Fs0002-9904-1939-06908-5&rft.au=Archibald%2C+Raymond+Clare&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprojecteuclid.org%2Feuclid.bams%2F1183501056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Charlotte-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Charlotte_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOakes2007" class="citation book cs1">Oakes, Elizabeth (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uPRB-OED1bcC&dq=1891+%22charlotte+angas++scott%22+%22first+woman%22+%22american+mathematical+society%22&pg=PA655"><i>Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Revised Edition</i></a>. Infobase Publishing. p. 655. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438118826" title="Special:BookSources/9781438118826"><bdi>9781438118826</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230421020152/https://books.google.com/books?id=uPRB-OED1bcC&dq=1891+%22charlotte+angas++scott%22+%22first+woman%22+%22american+mathematical+society%22&pg=PA655">Archived</a> from the original on April 21, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Scientists%2C+Revised+Edition&rft.pages=655&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781438118826&rft.aulast=Oakes&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuPRB-OED1bcC%26dq%3D1891%2B%2522charlotte%2Bangas%2B%2Bscott%2522%2B%2522first%2Bwoman%2522%2B%2522american%2Bmathematical%2Bsociety%2522%26pg%3DPA655&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220419235956/https://utrgv.libguides.com/c.php?g=939098&p=6768012">"Web Resources - Philosophy - LibGuides at University of Texas Rio Grande Valley"</a>. April 19, 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://utrgv.libguides.com/c.php?g=939098&p=6768012">the original</a> on April 19, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Web+Resources+-+Philosophy+-+LibGuides+at+University+of+Texas+Rio+Grande+Valley&rft.date=2022-04-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Futrgv.libguides.com%2Fc.php%3Fg%3D939098%26p%3D6768012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BiographiesOfWomenMathematicians-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BiographiesOfWomenMathematicians_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaplin1997" class="citation web cs1">Chaplin, Stephanie (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/scott.htm">"Biographies of Women Mathematicians: Charlotte Angas Scott"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Agnes_Scott_College" title="Agnes Scott College">Agnes Scott College</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190629085022/https://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/scott.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biographies+of+Women+Mathematicians%3A+Charlotte+Angas+Scott&rft.pub=Agnes+Scott+College&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Chaplin&rft.aufirst=Stephanie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agnesscott.edu%2Flriddle%2Fwomen%2Fscott.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agnesscott2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-agnesscott2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/prizes.htm">"Prizes, Awards, and Honors for Women Mathematicians"</a>. agnesscott.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190627140604/https://www.agnesscott.edu/lriddle/women/prizes.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prizes%2C+Awards%2C+and+Honors+for+Women+Mathematicians&rft.pub=agnesscott.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.agnesscott.edu%2Flriddle%2Fwomen%2Fprizes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorch1994" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Lorch" title="Lee Lorch">Lorch, Lee</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080906170043/http://www.wam.umd.edu/~rlj/Lorch.html">"The Painful Path Toward Inclusivity"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wam.umd.edu/~rlj/Lorch.html">the original</a> on September 6, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Painful+Path+Toward+Inclusivity&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Lorch&rft.aufirst=Lee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wam.umd.edu%2F~rlj%2FLorch.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2007" class="citation journal cs1">Hamilton, Richard (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130313184856/http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">"MAA Prizes and Awards at the 2007 Joint Mathematics Meetings"</a>. <i>MAA Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">the original</a> on March 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MAA+Online&rft.atitle=MAA+Prizes+and+Awards+at+the+2007+Joint+Mathematics+Meetings&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maa.org%2Fnews%2FAwardsJMM07-Citations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span> (includes citation for Lee Lorch)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson2007" class="citation journal cs1">Jackson, Allyn (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/notices/200705/comm-maa-web.pdf">"MAA Prizes Presented in New Orleans"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Notices of the American Mathematical Society</i>. <b>54</b>: 641–642. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220131014035/http://www.ams.org/notices/200705/comm-maa-web.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on January 31, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Notices+of+the+American+Mathematical+Society&rft.atitle=MAA+Prizes+Presented+in+New+Orleans&rft.volume=54&rft.pages=641-642&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Allyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fnotices%2F200705%2Fcomm-maa-web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2007" class="citation journal cs1">Hamilton, Richard (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130313184856/http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">"MAA Prizes and Awards at the 2007 Joint Mathematics Meetings"</a>. <i>MAA Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">the original</a> on March 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 20,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MAA+Online&rft.atitle=MAA+Prizes+and+Awards+at+the+2007+Joint+Mathematics+Meetings&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maa.org%2Fnews%2FAwardsJMM07-Citations.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span> (includes citation for Lee Lorch)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MAA-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MAA_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">MAA citation</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130313184856/http://www.maa.org/news/AwardsJMM07-Citations.html">Archived</a> March 13, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> for Yueh-Gin Gung and Dr. Charles Y. Hu Distinguished Service to Mathematics Award.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Media Highlights". <i>The College Mathematics Journal</i>. <b>42</b> (2): 163–172. March 2011. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4169%2Fcollege.math.j.42.2.163">10.4169/college.math.j.42.2.163</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.4169/college.math.j.42.2.163">10.4169/college.math.j.42.2.163</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:218549669">218549669</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+College+Mathematics+Journal&rft.atitle=Media+Highlights&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=163-172&rft.date=2011-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A218549669%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.4169%2Fcollege.math.j.42.2.163%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4169%2Fcollege.math.j.42.2.163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPitcher1988" class="citation book cs1">Pitcher, Everett (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmpitcher-index"><i>Volume I: A History of the Second Fifty Years, American Mathematical Society, 1939 - 1988</i></a>. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. p. 77. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8218-0125-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8218-0125-3"><bdi>978-0-8218-0125-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181113025856/https://www.ams.org/publicoutreach/math-history/hmpitcher-index">Archived</a> from the original on November 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Volume+I%3A+A+History+of+the+Second+Fifty+Years%2C+American+Mathematical+Society%2C+1939+-+1988&rft.place=Providence%2C+RI&rft.pages=77&rft.pub=American+Mathematical+Society&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-8218-0125-3&rft.aulast=Pitcher&rft.aufirst=Everett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fpublicoutreach%2Fmath-history%2Fhmpitcher-index&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8TgLAAAAIAAJ&q=%22American+Mathematical+Society%22+%22new+degree%22">Journal of Proceedings and Addresses of the Annual Conference</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230421020151/https://books.google.com/books?id=8TgLAAAAIAAJ&q=%22American+Mathematical+Society%22+%22new+degree%22">Archived</a> April 21, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 1960. Association of Graduate Schools</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://awm-math.org/about/history/a-brief-history-of-awm/3/">"A Brief History of the Association for Women in Mathematics (from Notices): How it was"</a>. AWM-math.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101152923/https://awm-math.org/about/history/a-brief-history-of-awm/3/">Archived</a> from the original on November 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Association+for+Women+in+Mathematics+%28from+Notices%29%3A+How+it+was&rft.pub=AWM-math.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fawm-math.org%2Fabout%2Fhistory%2Fa-brief-history-of-awm%2F3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wordpress-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wordpress_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jcwmath.wordpress.com/">"JCW-Math | Joint Committee on Women in the Mathematical Sciences"</a>. jcwmath.wordpress.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190205150022/https://jcwmath.wordpress.com/">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JCW-Math+%26%23124%3B+Joint+Committee+on+Women+in+the+Mathematical+Sciences&rft.pub=jcwmath.wordpress.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjcwmath.wordpress.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Julia_Bowman_Robinson.aspx">"Julia Bowman Robinson"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130108105611/http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Julia_Bowman_Robinson.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on January 8, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia.com&rft.atitle=Julia+Bowman+Robinson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopedia.com%2Ftopic%2FJulia_Bowman_Robinson.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/profession/ams-fellows/ams-fellows">"Fellows of the American Mathematical Society"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211126082556/https://www.ams.org/profession/ams-fellows/ams-fellows">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fellows+of+the+American+Mathematical+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fprofession%2Fams-fellows%2Fams-fellows&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/news?news_id=3699">"American Mathematical Society and Mathematical Association of America Announce AMS Acquisition of MAA Book Program"</a>. <i>www.ams.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428170039/https://www.ams.org/news?news_id=3699">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ams.org&rft.atitle=American+Mathematical+Society+and+Mathematical+Association+of+America+Announce+AMS+Acquisition+of+MAA+Book+Program&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fnews%3Fnews_id%3D3699&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/secretary/bylaws.html">"Bylaws (as amended December 2003)"</a>. <i>American Mathematical Society</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080705173451/http://ams.org/secretary/bylaws.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 5, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Mathematical+Society&rft.atitle=Bylaws+%28as+amended+December+2003%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fsecretary%2Fbylaws.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/about-us/governance/officers/past-officers#ed">"Past Executive Directors"</a>. <i>American Mathematical Society</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 7,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Mathematical+Society&rft.atitle=Past+Executive+Directors&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fabout-us%2Fgovernance%2Fofficers%2Fpast-officers%23ed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmerican+Mathematical+Society" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Mathematical_Society&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_mathematics" title="Template:American mathematics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_mathematics" title="Template talk:American mathematics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_mathematics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American mathematics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_mathematics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">American mathematics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">AMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Association_of_America" title="Mathematical Association of America">MAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_Industrial_and_Applied_Mathematics" title="Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics">SIAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Mathematical_Association_of_Two-Year_Colleges" title="American Mathematical Association of Two-Year Colleges">AMATYC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Women_in_Mathematics" title="Association for Women in Mathematics">AWM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Mathematics" title="American Institute of Mathematics">AIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Advanced_Study" title="Institute for Advanced Study">IAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Computational_and_Experimental_Research_in_Mathematics" title="Institute for Computational and Experimental Research in Mathematics">ICERM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Mathematics_and_its_Applications" title="Institute for Mathematics and its Applications">IMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Pure_and_Applied_Mathematics" title="Institute for Pure and Applied Mathematics">IPAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Biosciences_Institute" title="Mathematical Biosciences Institute">MBI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simons_Laufer_Mathematical_Sciences_Institute" title="Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute">SLMath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistical_and_Applied_Mathematical_Sciences_Institute" title="Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute">SAMSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geometry_Center" title="Geometry Center">Geometry Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mathcounts" title="Mathcounts">MATHCOUNTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Mathematics_Competitions" title="American Mathematics Competitions">AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Invitational_Mathematics_Examination" title="American Invitational Mathematics Examination">AIME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America_Mathematical_Olympiad" title="United States of America Mathematical Olympiad">USAMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathematical_Olympiad_Summer_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathematical Olympiad Summer Program">MOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lowell_Putnam_Mathematical_Competition" title="William Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition">Putnam Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integration_Bee" title="Integration Bee">Integration Bee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465654#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000405090308">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/134278902">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/6924-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79060639">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12279178m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12279178m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35005300">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="American Mathematical Society"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2002160127&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="New York Mathematical Society"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2002160126&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/255357">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90053613">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000022151&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000346258&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9813259500205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007257642705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058518595306706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00032889?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/786576">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/03160997X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" 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