CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <title>Vermont Public Utility Commission - Ballotpedia</title> <script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"075b267ebe4546bc0f494bf3","wgCSPNonce":false,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission","wgTitle":"Vermont Public Utility Commission","wgCurRevisionId":9331470,"wgRevisionId":9331470,"wgArticleId":129474,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments","Pages using DynamicPageList3 dplreplace parser function","State executive office pages without divisions sections","State executive office pages without historical officeholder sections","Vermont","Vermont state executive offices" ,"Offices of the American public service commissioners","Offices of state executive officials by state"],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission","wgRelevantArticleId":129474,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgMediaViewerOnClick":false,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":false};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.bootstrap.scripts","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.tooltips","ext.SimpleTooltip","mmv.head","mmv.bootstrap.autostart","ext.DoubleDropdown","ext.SingleDropdown","ext.FrontPageRSS","ext.PredictIt","ext.APIWidget","skins.ballotpediabootstrap.scripts"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"});});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cskins.ballotpediabootstrap.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <script async="" src="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/wiki/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=ballotpediabootstrap"/> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.39.6"/> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> <meta name="description" content="Ballotpedia: The Encyclopedia of American Politics"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1000"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"/> <meta name="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@ballotpedia"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Vermont Public Utility Commission - Ballotpedia"/> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico"/> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/wiki/opensearch_desc.php" title="Ballotpedia (en)"/> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/api.php?action=rsd"/> <link rel="license" href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html"/> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Ballotpedia Atom feed" href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Ballotpedia"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Vermont Public Utility Commission"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ballotpedia.org/Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission"/>  <script type="text/javascript"> var bp_env = "LIVE"; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> function imgError(image) { if ( image.src.includes("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/") ) { image.onerror = ""; //var new_src = image.src.replace("https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api/storage/uploads/thumbs/", "https://api.ballotpedia.org/v3/thumbnail/"); //image.src = new_src; } return true; } </script> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Libre+Franklin:ital,wght@0,200;0,300;0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;0,800;0,900;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700;1,800;1,900&family=Open+Sans:ital,wght@0,200;0,400;0,600;0,800;1,200;1,400;1,600;1,800&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <script type="text/javascript">!function(t,o,e){e=t.createElement(o),t=t.getElementsByTagName(o)[0],e.async=1,e.src="https://resonantbrush.com/v2/0/fesblzozuRJjzHOf_VUD5C1xGS4NlcUiO5VCnQgEPI1ISxgUs3JntMnY9dAPUFAYqZJXR0cCujx",t.parentNode.insertBefore(e,t)}(document,"script"),function(t,o){t[o]=t[o]||function(){(t[o].q=t[o].q||[]).push(arguments)}}(document,window,"script","admiral");!function(t,e,n,a){function o(t){try{return t=localStorage.getItem("v4ac1eiZr0"),t&&t.split(",")[4]>0}catch(e){}return!1}function r(){var a=o();if(a){var r=t[e].pubads();typeof r.setTargeting===n&&r.setTargeting("admiral-engaged","true")}}a=t[e]=t[e]||{},a.cmd=a.cmd||[],typeof a.pubads===n?r():typeof a.cmd.unshift===n?a.cmd.unshift(r):a.cmd.push(r)}(window,"googletag","function");</script> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PRFQ44Z');</script> <script id="headerbidder" type="text/javascript" src="//a.publir.com/platform/1375.js"></script><script>var googletag = googletag || {};googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];</script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://cadmus.script.ac/dmvhk981ozp8w/script.js'></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/SB-promo-header.css"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission rootpage-Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission skin-ballotpediabootstrap action-view">  <script> document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", async function(event) { let trackingCategories = ['Election policy tracking', 'Redistricting tracking', 'Donor disclosure tracking', 'Current governors', 'Current member, U.S. House', 'Current member, U.S. Senate', 'ESG page views', 'Federalism tracking', 'UI tracking', 'State ballots, 2021', 'State ballots, 2022', 'TASP GA', 'Education policy tracking', 'Criminal justice policy tracking', 'UL profile', 'UL overview', 'Work requirement page views', 'REINS page views', 'DOE page views', 'TSP2023', 'TSP2023school', 'School district election breakoffs']; let lis = document.querySelectorAll("#catlinks li"); let allCategories = ''; for (let i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) { if (trackingCategories.includes(lis[i].textContent)) { allCategories = allCategories + lis[i].textContent + '|'; } } allCategories = allCategories.slice(0, -1); if (allCategories) { ga('send', 'event', 'Page Category View', 'Page Category', allCategories, { nonInteraction: true }); } if ((allCategories && allCategories.includes("Republican Party")) || (allCategories && allCategories.includes("Democratic Party"))) { ga('send', 'event', 'Non-tracking category', 'Page URL', `${allCategories} - ${window.location.pathname}`, { nonInteraction: true }); } }); </script> <div id="modal-email" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Sign up to receive Ballotpedia's daily newsletter</h4> </div> <div id="right-container" style="margin: 4%;"> <form class="form" id="whatcounts-form" name="whatcounts-form-skin" action="javascript:void(0)" onsubmit="submitForm(event)"> <input type="hidden" name="list_ids" id="list_ids" value="18" /> <input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="subscribe" /> <input type="hidden" name="goto" value="" /> <input type="hidden" name="errors_to" value="" /> <input type="hidden" id="format_mime" name="format" value="mime" /> <input type="hidden" id="custom_source" name="custom_source" value="site_skin" /> <p class="form-field email pd-text required required-custom"> <label class="field-label" for="email">Email *</label> <input type="text" name="email" id="email" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="255"> </p> <p class="form-field first_name pd-text"> <label class="field-label" for="first_name">First Name</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name" value="" class="text" size="30" maxlength="40"> </p> <div class="text-center"> <div id="recaptcha-service" class="g-recaptcha" style="display: inline-block" data-callback="recaptchaCallback" data-sitekey="6LdtdxgUAAAAAPd0NqIuHMYS_GQReTlIbayVJ_qn"></div> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?hl=en"></script> <p id="showSkinCaptchaMessage">Please complete the Captcha above</p> </div> <p class="submit"> <input type="submit" value="Subscribe" style="text-shadow:none !important;background:#334aab !important;color:white !important;"> </p> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <script> window.recaptchaCallback = undefined; var captcha = false; document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(event) { window.recaptchaCallback = function recaptchaCallback(response) { let formData = new FormData(); formData.append('g-recaptcha-response', response); fetch("https://ballotpedia.org/recaptcha.php", { body: formData, method: "POST" }).then(function(res) { return res.text(); }).then(function(data) { if (data) { captcha = true; } }); } }); function submitForm(e) { if (!captcha) { e.preventDefault(); document.getElementById('showSkinCaptchaMessage').style.display = 'block'; } else { $.post("https://ballotpedia.org/whatcounts_subscribe.php", { email: $('#email').val(), first: $('#first_name').val(), last: $('#last_name').val(), list_ids: $('#list_ids').val() }, function(result) { setTimeout(function() { window.location = 'https://ballotpedia.org/Thank_you'; }, 1000); }); } } </script>    <div id="modal-facebook" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Facebook</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FVermont_Public_Utility_Commission"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-primary" target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-facebook"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="modal-twitter" class="modal fade" role="dialog"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" aria-label="Press escape to close" data-dismiss="modal">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title">Ballotpedia on Twitter</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/home?status=https%3A%2F%2Fballotpedia.org%2FVermont_Public_Utility_Commission"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Share this page</a><br /></p> <p><a class="btn-block btn-lg btn-info" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/Ballotpedia/"><span class="fa fa-twitter"></span>   Follow Ballotpedia</a><br /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="bp-header" class="affix"> <div id="bp-header-mid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row header-blue-row"> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-btn-mobile hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg">Donate</button></a> </div>  <div class="row vcenter main-header-row">  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-nav-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span></a> </div> <div class="col-xs-10 col-lg-12"> <div class="row vcenter"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook header-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>  <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-lg" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> <a href="#" class="bp-header-email-toggle hidden-xs hidden-sm hidden-md" style="margin-left: 30px" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#modal-email"><button class="header-subscribe-btn">Subscribe</button></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-2 center-block hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg"> <a href="/"><img style="width: 50px; vertical-align: unset" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/images/bp-logo-sm.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"></a> </div>  <div class="col-xs-10 col-sm-6 col-md-8 col-lg-6">  <a class="center-block hidden-xs" id="bp-header-logo-desktop" href="/"> <img src="/wiki/skins/BallotpediaBootstrap/images/bp-logo.svg" alt="Ballotpedia Logo" title="The Encyclopedia of American Politics"> </a>  <div id="bp-header-search"> <form action="/wiki/index.php" id="searchform"> <div class="form-group"> <button type="submit" class="bp-header-search-go btn-link"><span class="fa fa-search"></span></button> <input id="searchInput" class="search-query" type="search" accesskey="f" title="Special:Search" placeholder="Search the Encyclopedia of American Politics." name="search" value=""> <input class="searchButton btn hidden" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" id="mw-searchButton" value="Go"/> </div> </form></div> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-3 col-md-2 col-lg-3 text-center hidden-xs"> <a href="https://donate.ballotpedia.org" target="_blank"><button class="header-donate-btn">Donate</button></a> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="col-xs-1 hidden-lg toc-mobile"> <a href="#" id="bp-header-toc-toggle"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></span></a> </div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-page-base"></div> <div id="mw-head-base"></div> <a id="top"></a>  <div id="contentwrapper" class="user-loggedout not-editable container with-navbar with-navbar-fixed">  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0' style="text-align:center;" class="ad header-ad"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351491831-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3053"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-offset-0 col-md-12" role="main"> <div class="mw-body" id="content"> <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;" ></div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading page-header" lang="en"><span dir="auto"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vermont Public Utility Commission</span></span></h1>  <div id="bodyContent"> <div id="siteSub">From Ballotpedia</div> <div id="contentSub" ></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><table class="infobox" width="300px" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font-size:90%; padding:4px; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color: grey; padding-top: 0.5em; color:white; font-size:120%;"><big><b>Vermont Public Utility Commission</b></big></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 0.5em;"><br /><a href="/File:Seal_of_Vermont.png" class="image"><img alt="Seal of Vermont.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png/150px-Seal_of_Vermont.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png/225px-Seal_of_Vermont.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a><br /><br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color: grey; padding-top: 0.5em; color:white; font-size:120%;"><big><b>General information</b></big></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Office Type:</b>  </td><td align="left">Nonpartisan</td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Office website:</b>  </td><td align="left"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://puc.vermont.gov/">Official Link</a></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Compensation:</b>  </td><td align="left"><a href="/Compensation_of_state_executive_officers" title="Compensation of state executive officers">$167,440</a></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>2024 FY Budget:</b>  </td><td align="left"><a href="#State_budget">$4,463,875</a></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Total Seats:</b>  </td><td align="left">3</td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Term limits:</b>  </td><td align="left"><a href="/State_executives_with_term_limits" title="State executives with term limits">None</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color: grey; padding-top: 0.5em; color:white; font-size:120%;"><big><b>Structure</b></big></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Length of term:</b>  </td><td align="left"> 6 years</td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Authority:</b>  </td><td align="left">Vermont State Code, Title 30, Chapter 1, Section 3</td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Leadership:</b>  </td><td align="left"><a href="/Ed_McNamara" title="Ed McNamara">Ed McNamara</a></td></tr><tr><td width="45%" align="left"><b>Selection Method:</b>  </td><td align="left">Appointed by Governor</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color: grey; padding-top: 0.5em; color:white; font-size:120%;"><big><b>Current Officeholder</b></big></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="padding:2px"><big><a style="font-size: .85em;" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Riley_Allen">Riley Allen</a>, <a style="font-size: .85em;" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Margaret_Cheney">Margaret Cheney</a>, <a style="font-size: .85em;" href="https://ballotpedia.org/Ed_McNamara">Ed McNamara</a></big></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color: grey; padding-top: 0.5em; color:white; font-size:120%;"><big><b>Other Vermont Executive Offices</b></big></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/Governor_of_Vermont" title="Governor of Vermont">Governor</a> • <a href="/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Vermont" title="Lieutenant Governor of Vermont">Lieutenant Governor</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Secretary_of_State" title="Vermont Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Attorney_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Attorney General">Attorney General</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Treasurer" title="Vermont Treasurer">Treasurer</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Auditor" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Auditor">Auditor</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Commissioner_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Commissioner of Education">Superintendent of Education</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Secretary_of_Agriculture,_Food_%26_Markets" title="Vermont Secretary of Agriculture, Food & Markets">Agriculture Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Commissioner_of_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Commissioner of Insurance">Insurance Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Secretary_of_Natural_Resources" title="Vermont Secretary of Natural Resources">Natural Resources Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Commissioner_of_Labor" title="Vermont Commissioner of Labor">Labor Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Public_Service_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Public Service Board">Public Service Board</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div style="float:right; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Current_officeholders"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Current officeholders</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Authority"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Authority</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Qualifications"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Qualifications</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Appointments"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Appointments</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Vacancies"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Vacancies</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Duties"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Duties</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Divisions"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Divisions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#State_budget"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">State budget</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Compensation"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Compensation</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#2022"><span class="tocnumber">9.1</span> <span class="toctext">2022</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#2021"><span class="tocnumber">9.2</span> <span class="toctext">2021</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#2020"><span class="tocnumber">9.3</span> <span class="toctext">2020</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#2019"><span class="tocnumber">9.4</span> <span class="toctext">2019</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#2018"><span class="tocnumber">9.5</span> <span class="toctext">2018</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#2017"><span class="tocnumber">9.6</span> <span class="toctext">2017</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#2016"><span class="tocnumber">9.7</span> <span class="toctext">2016</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#2015"><span class="tocnumber">9.8</span> <span class="toctext">2015</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#2014"><span class="tocnumber">9.9</span> <span class="toctext">2014</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#2013"><span class="tocnumber">9.10</span> <span class="toctext">2013</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#2010"><span class="tocnumber">9.11</span> <span class="toctext">2010</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Historical_officeholders"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Historical officeholders</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Recent_news"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Recent news</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Contact_information"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Contact information</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <p>The <b>Vermont Public Utility Commission</b> is a three-person state executive board in the <a href="/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> state government. The board supervises the rates, quality of service, and overall financial management of Vermont's public electric, gas, telecommunications utilities and private water companies.<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1">[1]</a></sup> </p><p>The commission changed its name effective July 1, 2017, from the Vermont Public Service Board to the Vermont Public Utility Commission. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Current_officeholders">Current officeholders</span></h2><p> The current officeholders are: </p><ul><li><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Riley_Allen">Riley Allen</a> (nonpartisan)</li><li><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Margaret_Cheney">Margaret Cheney</a> (nonpartisan)</li><li><a href="https://ballotpedia.org/Ed_McNamara">Ed McNamara</a> (nonpartisan)</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Authority">Authority</span></h2> <p>The Vermont Public Utility Commission is established in Title 30, Chapter 1, Section 3 of the Vermont State Code.<sup id="cite_ref-code_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-code-2">[2]</a></sup> </p><p><b>30 V.S.A. § 3:</b> </p> <table style="width:40%; background:#e5e4e2; margin-top:.1em; border:.5px solid #cccccc; solid;"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(a) The public service board shall consist of a chairperson and two members. The chairperson and each member shall not be required to be admitted to the practice of law in this state. ... </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Qualifications">Qualifications</span></h2> <p><b>Title 30, Chapter 1, Section 4</b> of the Vermont State Code establishes the qualifications of the office:<sup id="cite_ref-code_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-code-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <table style="width:40%; background:#e5e4e2; margin-top:.1em; border:.5px solid #cccccc; solid;"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>A person in the employ of or holding any official relation to any company subject to the supervision of the board, or engaged in the management of such company, or owning stock, bonds or other securities thereof, or who is, in any manner, connected with the operation of such company in this state, shall not be a member or clerk of the board or commissioner of public service; nor shall any person holding the office of member, clerk of the board or commissioner of public service personally or in connection with a partner or agent, render professional service for or against or make or perform any business contract with any company subject to such supervision, relating to the business of such company, except contracts made with them as common carriers or in regular course of public service; nor shall such person, directly or indirectly, receive from any such company any commission, present or reward. (Amended 1959, No. 329 (Adj. Sess.), { 39(b), eff. March 1, 1961; 1979, No. 204 (Adj. S </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Appointments">Appointments</span></h2> <p>The three members of the board are appointed to six-year, staggered terms. The <a href="/Governor_of_Vermont" title="Governor of Vermont">governor</a> submits five names of potential nominees to a judicial nominating board for review. The board reviews the potential nominees in respect to judicial criteria and standards and recommends to the governor those candidates the board considers qualified. The governor then makes the appointment from that list, with the advice and consent of the <a href="/Vermont_State_Senate" title="Vermont State Senate">state Senate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-code_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-code-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Vacancies">Vacancies</span></h2> <p>Any vacancies on the board are filled in the same manner as the initial appointment, with the new appointee serving the remainder of the unexpired term.<sup id="cite_ref-code_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-code-2">[2]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Duties">Duties</span></h2> <p>As of January 2021, the stated mission of the commission was:<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">The Commission's mission is to ensure the provision of high-quality public utility services in Vermont at minimum reasonable costs, consistent with the long-term public good of the state. The Commission strives to achieve its mission by providing independent, fair, and efficient means of resolving public utility disputes, and by guiding the development of state utility policies and rules for public services to best serve the long-term interests of Vermont and its residents, all as defined in Title 30 V.S.A.<sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-3">[3]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Divisions">Divisions</span></h2> <p><i>Note: <a href="/State_Executive_Officials" class="mw-redirect" title="State Executive Officials">Ballotpedia's state executive officials project</a> researches state official websites for information that describes the divisions (if any exist) of a state executive office. That information for the Vermont Public Utility Commission has not yet been added. After extensive research we were unable to identify any relevant information on state official websites. If you have any additional information about this office for inclusion on this section and/or page, please <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:editor@ballotpedia.org">email us</a>.</i> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="State_budget">State budget</span></h2> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Vermont_state_budget_and_finances" title="Vermont state budget and finances">Vermont state budget and finances</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>The budget for the Vermont Public Utility Commission in Fiscal Year 2024 was $4,463,875.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Compensation">Compensation</span></h2> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>See also: <a href="/Compensation_of_state_executive_officers" title="Compensation of state executive officers">Compensation of state executive officers</a></i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2022">2022</span></h3> <p>In 2022, each commissioner received a salary of $167,440, according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BotS2022_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BotS2022-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2021">2021</span></h3> <p>In 2021, each commissioner received a salary of $160,763, according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2021salary_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021salary-6">[6]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2020">2020</span></h3> <p>In 2020, each commissioner received a salary of $160,763 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2019">2019</span></h3> <p>In 2019, each commissioner received a salary of $150,737 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2018">2018</span></h3> <p>In 2018, each commissioner received a salary of $150,737 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2017">2017</span></h3> <p>In 2017, each commissioner received a salary of $144,997 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2016">2016</span></h3> <p>In 2016, each commissioner received a salary of $139,818 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2015">2015</span></h3> <p>In 2015, each commissioner received a salary of $135,366 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2014">2014</span></h3> <p>In 2014, each commissioner received a salary of $131,019 according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2013">2013</span></h3> <p>In 2013, each commissioner was paid an estimated <a href="/Compensation_of_state_executive_officers" title="Compensation of state executive officers">$126,360</a>. This figure comes from the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> </p> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2010">2010</span></h3> <p>In 2010, each commissioner was paid an estimated $116,688, according to the <a href="/Council_of_State_Governments" title="Council of State Governments">Council of State Governments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Historical_officeholders">Historical officeholders</span></h2> <p><i>Note: <a href="/State_Executive_Officials" class="mw-redirect" title="State Executive Officials">Ballotpedia's state executive officials project</a> researches state official websites for chronological lists of historical officeholders; information for the Vermont Public Utility Commission has not yet been added because the information was unavailable on the relevant state official websites, or we are currently in the process of formatting the list for this office. If you have any additional information about this office for inclusion on this section and/or page, please <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:editor@ballotpedia.org">email us</a>.</i> </p> <ul><li><a href="/Sarah_Hofmann" title="Sarah Hofmann">Sarah Hofmann</a> (2015-2021)</li> <li><a href="/Anthony_Roisman" title="Anthony Roisman">Anthony Roisman</a> (2017-2023)</li></ul> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Recent_news">Recent news</span></h2> <p>The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms <b>Vermont Public Service Board.</b> These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles. </p> <div class="rss-feed"> <p><b><span style="font-size:135%"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://google.com/search?hl=en&gl=us&tbm=nws&q=Vermont+Public+Service+Board&um=1&ie=UTF-8">Vermont Public Utility Commission - Google News</a></span></b> </p> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Contact_information">Contact information</span></h2> <p><b>Vermont Public Service Board</b><br /> 112 State Street<br /> Montpelier, VT 05620-2701<br /> </p> <ul><li><b>Phone:</b> (802) 828-2358</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <table class="wikitable;" style="width=100%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:330px; text-align:center"><a href="/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> </th> <th style="width:330px; text-align:center"><a href="/State_executive_official_elections" title="State executive official elections">State Executive Elections</a> </th> <th style="width:330px; text-align:center"><a href="/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates" title="Ballotpedia Email Updates">News and Analysis</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Vermont" title="Vermont"><img alt="Seal of Vermont.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png/100px-Seal_of_Vermont.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png/150px-Seal_of_Vermont.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/Seal_of_Vermont.png/200px-Seal_of_Vermont.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></div></div></td> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/State_Executive_Officials" title="State Executive Officials"><img alt="StateExecLogo.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/StateExecLogo.png/120px-StateExecLogo.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="123" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/StateExecLogo.png/180px-StateExecLogo.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e7/StateExecLogo.png/240px-StateExecLogo.png 2x" data-file-width="1189" data-file-height="1216" /></a></div></div></td> <td><div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/The_Ballotpedia_News_Update" title="The Ballotpedia News Update"><img alt="Ballotpedia RSS.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ed/Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg/100px-Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="68" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ed/Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg/150px-Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/ed/Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg/200px-Ballotpedia_RSS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="1275" /></a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td> <center><a href="/Vermont_state_executive_offices" title="Vermont state executive offices">Vermont State Executive Offices</a></center> <center><a href="/Vermont_State_Legislature" title="Vermont State Legislature">Vermont State Legislature</a></center> <center><a href="/Courts_in_Vermont" title="Courts in Vermont">Vermont Courts</a></center> </td> <td> <center><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2023" title="State executive official elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2021" title="State executive official elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2020" title="State executive official elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2019" title="State executive official elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2018" title="State executive official elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2017" title="State executive official elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2016" title="State executive official elections, 2016">2016</a></center> <center>Vermont elections: <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2024" title="Vermont elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2023" title="Vermont elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2022" title="Vermont elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2021" title="Vermont elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2020" title="Vermont elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2019" title="Vermont elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2018" title="Vermont elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2017" title="Vermont elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/Vermont_elections,_2016" title="Vermont elections, 2016">2016</a></center> </td> <td> <center><a href="/Gubernatorial_and_legislative_party_control_of_state_government" title="Gubernatorial and legislative party control of state government">Party control of state government</a></center> <center><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State government trifectas</a></center> <center><a href="/State_of_the_state_addresses" title="State of the state addresses">State of the state addresses</a></center> <center><a href="/Partisan_composition_of_governors" title="Partisan composition of governors">Partisan composition of governors</a></center> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <div style="float:right; border:1px solid #00008B; margin:1px;"> <table cellspacing="0" style="width:145px; background:#transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:45px; height:45px; background:#transparent; text-align:center; font-size:13pt; color:black;"><b> <div class="center"><div class="floatnone"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Submit_a_link" title="Ballotpedia:Submit a link"><img alt="BP-Initials-UPDATED.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/50px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="35" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/75px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/0/0c/BP-Initials-UPDATED.png/100px-BP-Initials-UPDATED.png 2x" data-file-width="975" data-file-height="675" /></a></div></div> </b> </td> <td style="font-size:8pt; padding:4pt; line-height:1.25em; color:black;"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:Submit_a_link" title="Ballotpedia:Submit a link">Suggest a link</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://puc.vermont.gov/">Vermont Public Utility Commission</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-about-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-about_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-about_1-1">1.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://puc.vermont.gov/about-us"><i>Vermont Public Utility Commission,</i> "About Us," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-code-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-code_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-code_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-code_2-2">2.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-code_2-3">2.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/"><i>Vermont State Legislature</i>, "Vermont Laws," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quotedisclaimer-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ljfo.vermont.gov/assets/Uploads/616a60f852/Act-78-As-Enacted.pdf"><i>Vermont Legislative Joint Fiscal Office</i>, "Act 78," accessed December 6, 2023</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BotS2022-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BotS2022_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://bookofthestates.org/"><i>Council of State Governments</i>, "Book of the States 2022 Table 4.11: Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," provided to Ballotpedia by CSG personnel</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021salary-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2021salary_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/csg.publications/docs/bos_2021_issuu/150"><i>Issuu</i>, "The Book of the States 2021," accessed September 28, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/csg.publications/docs/bos_2020_web"><i>Council of State Governments</i>, "The Book of the States 2020," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/csg.publications/docs/bos2019"><i>Council of State Governments</i>, "The Book of the States 2019," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/csg.publications/docs/bos2018"><i>Council of State Governments</i>, "The Book of the States 2018," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/csg.publications/docs/bos2017"><i>Council of State Governments</i>, "The Book of the States 2017," accessed January 27, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/system/files/4.11%202016.pdf"><i>Council of State Governments,</i> "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2016," accessed August 27, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/system/files/4.11%202015.pdf"><i>Council of State Governments,</i> "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries, 2015," accessed August 27, 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/system/files/4.11%202014.pdf"><i>Council of State Governments,</i> "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," accessed December 8, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/kc/system/files/4.11_2013.pdf"><i>Council of State Governments,</i> "Selected State Administrative Officials: Annual Salaries," January 31, 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://knowledgecenter.csg.org/drupal/system/files/Table_4.11.pdf"><i>The Council of State Governments</i>, "The Book of States 2010 Table 4.11," accessed April 23, 2011</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Public_service_commissioners" title="Template:Public service commissioners"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Public_service_commissioners&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Public_Service_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Service Commissioner">Public Service Commissioners</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><a href="/Public_Service_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Service Commissioner">Elected (by voters)</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Alabama_Public_Service_Commission" title="Alabama Public Service Commission">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Arizona_Chairman_of_Corporation_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Arizona Chairman of Corporation Commission">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Georgia_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgia Chairman of Public Service Commission">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Louisiana_Public_Service_Commission" title="Louisiana Public Service Commission">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Mississippi_Public_Service_Commission" title="Mississippi Public Service Commission">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Montana_Public_Service_Commission" title="Montana Public Service Commission">Montana</a> • <a href="/Nebraska_Public_Service_Commission" title="Nebraska Public Service Commission">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/North_Dakota_Public_Service_Commission" title="North Dakota Public Service Commission">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Oklahoma_Corporation_Commission" title="Oklahoma Corporation Commission">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/South_Dakota_Chairman_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="South Dakota Chairman of Public Utilities">South Dakota</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><a href="/Public_Service_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Service Commissioner">Appointed (by gov.)</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Alaska_Regulatory_Commission" title="Alaska Regulatory Commission">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Arkansas_Public_Service_Commission" title="Arkansas Public Service Commission">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/California_President_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="California President of Public Utilities">California</a> • <a href="/Colorado_Chair_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Colorado Chair of Public Utilities">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Connecticut_Public_Utilities_Regulatory_Authority" title="Connecticut Public Utilities Regulatory Authority">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Delaware_Public_Service_Commission" title="Delaware Public Service Commission">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Florida_Chair_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Chair of Public Service Commission">Florida</a> • <a href="/Hawaii_Chair_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Hawaii Chair of Public Utilities">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Idaho_President_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Idaho President of Public Utilities">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Illinois_Chairman_of_Commerce_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Chairman of Commerce Commission">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Indiana_Utility_Regulatory_Commission" title="Indiana Utility Regulatory Commission">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Iowa_Chair_of_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Iowa Chair of Utilities">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Kansas_Chairman_of_Corporation_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Kansas Chairman of Corporation Commission">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Kentucky_Chairman_of_Public_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Kentucky Chairman of Public Services">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Maine_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="Maine Public Utilities Commission">Maine</a> • <a href="/Maryland_Public_Service_Commission" title="Maryland Public Service Commission">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Massachusetts_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="Massachusetts Public Utilities Commission">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Michigan_Public_Service_Commission" title="Michigan Public Service Commission">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Minnesota_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="Minnesota Public Utilities Commission">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Missouri_Public_Service_Commission" title="Missouri Public Service Commission">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Nevada_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="Nevada Public Utilities Commission">Nevada</a> • <a href="/New_Hampshire_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="New Hampshire Public Utilities Commission">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/New_Jersey_Public_Utilities_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="New Jersey Public Utilities Board">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/New_Mexico_Public_Regulation_Commission" title="New Mexico Public Regulation Commission">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/New_York_Public_Service_Commission" title="New York Public Service Commission">New York</a> • <a href="/North_Carolina_Utilities_Commission" title="North Carolina Utilities Commission">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/Ohio_Public_Utilities_Commission" title="Ohio Public Utilities Commission">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Oregon_Public_Utility_Commission" title="Oregon Public Utility Commission">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Pennsylvania_Public_Utility_Commission" title="Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Rhode_Island_Chair_of_Public_Utilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhode Island Chair of Public Utilities">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/South_Carolina_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="South Carolina Chairman of Public Service Commission">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/Tennessee_Chairman_of_Regulatory_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessee Chairman of Regulatory Authority">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Texas_Public_Utility_Commission" title="Texas Public Utility Commission">Texas</a> • <a href="/Utah_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Utah Chairman of Public Service Commission">Utah</a> • <a href="/Vermont_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Vermont Chairman of Public Service Board">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Washington_Chairman_of_Utilities_and_Transportation" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Chairman of Utilities and Transportation">Washington</a> • <a href="/West_Virginia_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="West Virginia Chairman of Public Service Commission">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Wisconsin_Public_Service_Commission" title="Wisconsin Public Service Commission">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Wyoming_Chairman_of_Public_Service_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Wyoming Chairman of Public Service Commission">Wyoming</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><a href="/Public_Service_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Service Commissioner">Elected (by state leg.)</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Virginia_Chairman_of_State_Corporation_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Chairman of State Corporation Commission">Virginia</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;">Elections</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2023" title="State executive official elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2021" title="State executive official elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2020" title="State executive official elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2019" title="State executive official elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2018" title="State executive official elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2017" title="State executive official elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2016" title="State executive official elections, 2016">2016</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2015" title="State executive official elections, 2015">2015</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2014" title="State executive official elections, 2014">2014</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2013" title="State executive official elections, 2013">2013</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2012" title="State executive official elections, 2012">2012</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2011" title="State executive official elections, 2011">2011</a> • <a href="/Statewide_elections,_2010" title="Statewide elections, 2010">2010</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;">Other</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/State_executive_offices" title="State executive offices">State executive offices</a> • <a href="/Chart_of_state_executive_officers" title="Chart of state executive officers">Chart of state executive officers</a> • <a href="/State_Executive_Officials" class="mw-redirect" title="State Executive Officials">News</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:State_executive_offices" title="Template:State executive offices"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:State_executive_offices&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/State_executive_offices" title="State executive offices">State executive offices</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><a href="/State_executive_offices" title="State executive offices">Offices</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor">Governor</a> • <a href="/Lieutenant_Governor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor">Lt. Governor</a> • <a href="/Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> • <a href="/Attorney_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney General">Attorney General</a> • <a href="/Treasurer" class="mw-redirect" title="Treasurer">Treasurer</a> • <a href="/Auditor" class="mw-redirect" title="Auditor">Auditor</a> • <a href="/Superintendent_of_Schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Superintendent of Schools">Superintendent of Schools</a> • <a href="/Insurance_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Insurance Commissioner">Insurance Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Controller" class="mw-redirect" title="Controller">Controller</a> • <a href="/Agriculture_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture Commissioner">Agriculture Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Natural_Resources_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural Resources Commissioner">Natural Resources Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Labor_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor Commissioner">Labor Commissioner</a> • <a href="/Public_Service_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Service Commissioner">Public Service Commissioner</a></div></td><td style="width:1%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;padding-left:0.5em;" rowspan="7"><a href="/State_executive_offices" title="State executive offices"><img alt="StateExecLogo transparent.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/f4/StateExecLogo_transparent.png/120px-StateExecLogo_transparent.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="123" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/f4/StateExecLogo_transparent.png/180px-StateExecLogo_transparent.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/f/f4/StateExecLogo_transparent.png/240px-StateExecLogo_transparent.png 2x" data-file-width="1189" data-file-height="1216" /></a></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;">States</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Alabama_state_executive_offices" title="Alabama state executive offices">Alabama</a> • <a href="/Alaska_state_executive_offices" title="Alaska state executive offices">Alaska</a> • <a href="/Arizona_state_executive_offices" title="Arizona state executive offices">Arizona</a> • <a href="/Arkansas_state_executive_offices" title="Arkansas state executive offices">Arkansas</a> • <a href="/California_state_executive_offices" title="California state executive offices">California</a> • <a href="/Colorado_state_executive_offices" title="Colorado state executive offices">Colorado</a> • <a href="/Connecticut_state_executive_offices" title="Connecticut state executive offices">Connecticut</a> • <a href="/Delaware_state_executive_offices" title="Delaware state executive offices">Delaware</a> • <a href="/Florida_state_executive_offices" title="Florida state executive offices">Florida</a> • <a href="/Georgia_state_executive_offices" title="Georgia state executive offices">Georgia</a> • <a href="/Hawaii_state_executive_offices" title="Hawaii state executive offices">Hawaii</a> • <a href="/Idaho_state_executive_offices" title="Idaho state executive offices">Idaho</a> • <a href="/Illinois_state_executive_offices" title="Illinois state executive offices">Illinois</a> • <a href="/Indiana_state_executive_offices" title="Indiana state executive offices">Indiana</a> • <a href="/Iowa_state_executive_offices" title="Iowa state executive offices">Iowa</a> • <a href="/Kansas_state_executive_offices" title="Kansas state executive offices">Kansas</a> • <a href="/Kentucky_state_executive_offices" title="Kentucky state executive offices">Kentucky</a> • <a href="/Louisiana_state_executive_offices" title="Louisiana state executive offices">Louisiana</a> • <a href="/Maine_state_executive_offices" title="Maine state executive offices">Maine</a> • <a href="/Maryland_state_executive_offices" title="Maryland state executive offices">Maryland</a> • <a href="/Massachusetts_state_executive_offices" title="Massachusetts state executive offices">Massachusetts</a> • <a href="/Michigan_state_executive_offices" title="Michigan state executive offices">Michigan</a> • <a href="/Minnesota_state_executive_offices" title="Minnesota state executive offices">Minnesota</a> • <a href="/Mississippi_state_executive_offices" title="Mississippi state executive offices">Mississippi</a> • <a href="/Missouri_state_executive_offices" title="Missouri state executive offices">Missouri</a> • <a href="/Montana_state_executive_offices" title="Montana state executive offices">Montana</a> • <a href="/Nebraska_state_executive_offices" title="Nebraska state executive offices">Nebraska</a> • <a href="/Nevada_state_executive_offices" title="Nevada state executive offices">Nevada</a> • <a href="/New_Hampshire_state_executive_offices" title="New Hampshire state executive offices">New Hampshire</a> • <a href="/New_Jersey_state_executive_offices" title="New Jersey state executive offices">New Jersey</a> • <a href="/New_Mexico_state_executive_offices" title="New Mexico state executive offices">New Mexico</a> • <a href="/New_York_state_executive_offices" title="New York state executive offices">New York</a> • <a href="/North_Carolina_state_executive_offices" title="North Carolina state executive offices">North Carolina</a> • <a href="/North_Dakota_state_executive_offices" title="North Dakota state executive offices">North Dakota</a> • <a href="/Ohio_state_executive_offices" title="Ohio state executive offices">Ohio</a> • <a href="/Oklahoma_state_executive_offices" title="Oklahoma state executive offices">Oklahoma</a> • <a href="/Oregon_state_executive_offices" title="Oregon state executive offices">Oregon</a> • <a href="/Pennsylvania_state_executive_offices" title="Pennsylvania state executive offices">Pennsylvania</a> • <a href="/Rhode_Island_state_executive_offices" title="Rhode Island state executive offices">Rhode Island</a> • <a href="/South_Carolina_state_executive_offices" title="South Carolina state executive offices">South Carolina</a> • <a href="/South_Dakota_state_executive_offices" title="South Dakota state executive offices">South Dakota</a> • <a href="/Tennessee_state_executive_offices" title="Tennessee state executive offices">Tennessee</a> • <a href="/Texas_state_executive_offices" title="Texas state executive offices">Texas</a> • <a href="/Utah_state_executive_offices" title="Utah state executive offices">Utah</a> • <a href="/Vermont_state_executive_offices" title="Vermont state executive offices">Vermont</a> • <a href="/Virginia_state_executive_offices" title="Virginia state executive offices">Virginia</a> • <a href="/Washington_state_executive_offices" title="Washington state executive offices">Washington</a> • <a href="/West_Virginia_state_executive_offices" title="West Virginia state executive offices">West Virginia</a> • <a href="/Wisconsin_state_executive_offices" title="Wisconsin state executive offices">Wisconsin</a> • <a href="/Wyoming_state_executive_offices" title="Wyoming state executive offices">Wyoming</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;">Elections</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2023" title="State executive official elections, 2023">2023</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2022" title="State executive official elections, 2022">2022</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2021" title="State executive official elections, 2021">2021</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2020" title="State executive official elections, 2020">2020</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2019" title="State executive official elections, 2019">2019</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2018" title="State executive official elections, 2018">2018</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2017" title="State executive official elections, 2017">2017</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2016" title="State executive official elections, 2016">2016</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2015" title="State executive official elections, 2015">2015</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2014" title="State executive official elections, 2014">2014</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2013" title="State executive official elections, 2013">2013</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2012" title="State executive official elections, 2012">2012</a> • <a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2011" title="State executive official elections, 2011">2011</a> • <a href="/Statewide_elections,_2010" title="Statewide elections, 2010">2010</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;">Features</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;border-bottom:1px solid #88a;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Chart_of_state_executive_officers" title="Chart of state executive officers">Chart of state executive officers</a> • <a href="/Compensation_of_state_executive_officers" title="Compensation of state executive officers">Compensation</a> • <a href="/How_gubernatorial_vacancies_are_filled" title="How gubernatorial vacancies are filled">How gubernatorial vacancies are filled</a> • <a href="/How_vacancies_are_filled_in_state_executive_offices" title="How vacancies are filled in state executive offices">How vacancies are filled in state executive offices</a> • <a href="/State_executive_officials_serving_in_home_states" title="State executive officials serving in home states">State executive officials serving in home states</a> • <a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State government trifectas</a> • <a href="/State_of_the_state_addresses" title="State of the state addresses">State of the state addresses</a> • <a href="/State_executives_with_term_limits" title="State executives with term limits">Term limits</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Ballotpedia" title="Template:Ballotpedia"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Ballotpedia&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;">Ballotpedia</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About</a></b></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact information">Overview</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:What_people_are_saying" title="Ballotpedia:What people are saying">What people are saying</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Donate" title="Ballotpedia:Donate">Support Ballotpedia</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact information">Contact</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ways_you_can_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Ways you can help">Contribute</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Job opportunities</a><hr /></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b>Executive:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Leslie_Graves" title="Ballotpedia:Leslie Graves">Leslie Graves, President</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Gwen_Beattie" title="Ballotpedia:Gwen Beattie">Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer</a><br /> <p><b>Communications:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Alison_Graves" title="Ballotpedia:Alison Graves">Alison Graves</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Carley_Allensworth" title="Ballotpedia:Carley Allensworth">Carley Allensworth</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Abigail_Campbell" title="Ballotpedia:Abigail Campbell">Abigail Campbell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Sarah_Groat" title="Ballotpedia:Sarah Groat">Sarah Groat</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nathaniel_Harwood" title="Ballotpedia:Nathaniel Harwood">Nathaniel Harwood</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Dillon_Redmond" title="Ballotpedia:Dillon Redmond">Dillon Redmond</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Erica_Shumaker" title="Ballotpedia:Erica Shumaker">Erica Shumaker</a><br /> <b>External Relations:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Andrew_Heath" title="Ballotpedia:Andrew Heath">Andrew Heath</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Hannah_Nelson" title="Ballotpedia:Hannah Nelson">Hannah Nelson</a><br /> <b>Operations:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Meghann_Olshefski" title="Ballotpedia:Meghann Olshefski">Meghann Olshefski</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Amanda_Herbert" title="Ballotpedia:Amanda Herbert">Amanda Herbert</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mandy_Morris" title="Ballotpedia:Mandy Morris">Mandy Morris</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Caroline_Presnell" title="Ballotpedia:Caroline Presnell">Caroline Presnell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kelly_Rindfleisch" title="Ballotpedia:Kelly Rindfleisch">Kelly Rindfleisch</a><br /> <b>Policy:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jimmy_McAllister" title="Ballotpedia:Jimmy McAllister">Jimmy McAllister</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Molly_Byrne" title="Ballotpedia:Molly Byrne">Molly Byrne</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jon_Dunn" title="Ballotpedia:Jon Dunn">Jon Dunn</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Annelise_Reinwald" title="Ballotpedia:Annelise Reinwald">Annelise Reinwald</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Emma_Soukup" title="Ballotpedia:Emma Soukup">Emma Soukup</a><br /> <b>Content Strategy:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Josh_Altic" title="Ballotpedia:Josh Altic">Josh Altic</a> <br /> <b>Tech:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Matt_Latourelle" title="Ballotpedia:Matt Latourelle">Matt Latourelle</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ryan_Burch" title="Ballotpedia:Ryan Burch">Ryan Burch</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kirsten_Corrao" title="Ballotpedia:Kirsten Corrao">Kirsten Corrao</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Beth_Dellea" title="Ballotpedia:Beth Dellea">Beth Dellea</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Travis_Eden" title="Ballotpedia:Travis Eden">Travis Eden</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Tate_Kamish" title="Ballotpedia:Tate Kamish">Tate Kamish</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Margaret_Kearney" title="Ballotpedia:Margaret Kearney">Margaret Kearney</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Eric_Lotto" title="Ballotpedia:Eric Lotto">Eric Lotto</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Sanchez" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Sanchez">Joseph Sanchez</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mary_Susmitha" title="Ballotpedia:Mary Susmitha">Mary Susmitha</a><br /> </p> <b>Contributors:</b> <a href="/Ballotpedia:Scott_Rasmussen" title="Ballotpedia:Scott Rasmussen">Scott Rasmussen</a> <hr /></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"><b>Editorial Content</b></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Geoff_Pallay" title="Ballotpedia:Geoff Pallay">Geoff Pallay, Director of Editorial Content and Editor-in-Chief</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ken_Carbullido" title="Ballotpedia:Ken Carbullido">Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Daniel_Anderson" title="Ballotpedia:Daniel Anderson">Daniel Anderson, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ryan_Byrne" title="Ballotpedia:Ryan Byrne">Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Cory_Eucalitto" title="Ballotpedia:Cory Eucalitto">Cory Eucalitto, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mandy_Gillip" title="Ballotpedia:Mandy Gillip">Mandy Gillip, Managing Editor</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Doug_Kronaizl" title="Ballotpedia:Doug Kronaizl">Doug Kronaizl, Local Elections Project Manager</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jaclyn_Beran" title="Ballotpedia:Jaclyn Beran">Jaclyn Beran</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Marielle_Bricker" title="Ballotpedia:Marielle Bricker">Marielle Bricker</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Brusgard" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Brusgard">Joseph Brusgard</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Emma_Burlingame" title="Ballotpedia:Emma Burlingame">Emma Burlingame</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kelly_Coyle" title="Ballotpedia:Kelly Coyle">Kelly Coyle</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Thomas_Ellis" title="Ballotpedia:Thomas Ellis">Thomas Ellis</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Frank_Festa" title="Ballotpedia:Frank Festa">Frank Festa</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nicole_Fisher" title="Ballotpedia:Nicole Fisher">Nicole Fisher</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Brianna_Hosea" title="Ballotpedia:Brianna Hosea">Brianna Hosea</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joseph_Greaney" title="Ballotpedia:Joseph Greaney">Joseph Greaney</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Thomas_Grobben" title="Ballotpedia:Thomas Grobben">Thomas Grobben</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jaime_Healy-Plotkin" title="Ballotpedia:Jaime Healy-Plotkin">Jaime Healy-Plotkin</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Tyler_King" title="Ballotpedia:Tyler King">Tyler King</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Glorie_Martinez" title="Ballotpedia:Glorie Martinez">Glorie Martinez</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Nathan_Maxwell" title="Ballotpedia:Nathan Maxwell">Nathan Maxwell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ellie_Mikus" title="Ballotpedia:Ellie Mikus">Ellie Mikus</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Jackie_Mitchell" title="Ballotpedia:Jackie Mitchell">Jackie Mitchell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ellen_Morrissey" title="Ballotpedia:Ellen Morrissey">Ellen Morrissey</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mackenzie_Murphy" title="Ballotpedia:Mackenzie Murphy">Mackenzie Murphy</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Kaley_Platek" title="Ballotpedia:Kaley Platek">Kaley Platek</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Samantha_Post" title="Ballotpedia:Samantha Post">Samantha Post</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Adam_Powell" title="Ballotpedia:Adam Powell">Adam Powell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ethan_Rice" title="Ballotpedia:Ethan Rice">Ethan Rice</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Spencer_Richardson" title="Ballotpedia:Spencer Richardson">Spencer Richardson</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Victoria_Rose" title="Ballotpedia:Victoria Rose">Victoria Rose</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Briana_Ryan" title="Ballotpedia:Briana Ryan">Briana Ryan</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Myj_Saintyl" title="Ballotpedia:Myj Saintyl">Myj Saintyl</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Maddy_Salucka" title="Ballotpedia:Maddy Salucka">Maddy Salucka</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Maddie_Sinclair_Johnson" title="Ballotpedia:Maddie Sinclair Johnson">Maddie Sinclair Johnson</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Abbey_Smith" title="Ballotpedia:Abbey Smith">Abbey Smith</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Ethan_Sorell" title="Ballotpedia:Ethan Sorell">Ethan Sorell</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Janie_Valentine" title="Ballotpedia:Janie Valentine">Janie Valentine</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Joel_Williams" title="Ballotpedia:Joel Williams">Joel Williams</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Samuel_Wonacott" title="Ballotpedia:Samuel Wonacott">Samuel Wonacott</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Trenton_Woodcox" title="Ballotpedia:Trenton Woodcox">Trenton Woodcox</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Mercedes_Yanora" title="Ballotpedia:Mercedes Yanora">Mercedes Yanora</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="navbox collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks" style="margin-top:auto; font-size:84%;"> <tbody><tr style="color:inherit;"> <td style="width:75px; background-color:#fff; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/File:Flag_of_Vermont.png" class="image" title="Flag of Vermont"><img alt="Flag of Vermont" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Vermont.png/75px-Flag_of_Vermont.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="45" class="thumbborder" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Vermont.png/113px-Flag_of_Vermont.png 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Vermont.png/150px-Flag_of_Vermont.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="450" /></a></td> <th style="font-weight:normal; background:#B0C4DE;"><div style="float:left; text-align:left; width:6em;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;"><a href="/Template:Vermont" title="Template:Vermont"><span title="View this template" style=";">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Vermont&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:150%; font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="United States">State</a> of <a href="/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a></b></span><br clear="all" /><b><a href="/Montpelier,_Vermont" title="Montpelier, Vermont">Montpelier</a></b> (<a href="/List_of_capitals_in_the_United_States" title="List of capitals in the United States"><span style="color:inherit;">capital</span></a>)</th></tr><tr><th style="background:#B0C4DE; color:inherit; font-size:100%; padding:2px;"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">Elections</a></th> <td> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">What's on my ballot?</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Vermont_elections,_2024" title="Vermont elections, 2024">Elections in 2024</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Voting_in_Vermont" title="Voting in Vermont">How to vote</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Ballot_access_requirements_for_political_candidates_in_Vermont" title="Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Vermont">How to run for office</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/List_of_Vermont_ballot_measures" title="List of Vermont ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></span> </p> </td></tr><tr><th style="background:#B0C4DE; color:inherit; font-size:100%; padding:2px;"><a href="/Vermont" title="Vermont">Government</a></th> <td style="background:#eee;"> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Who_represents_me" title="Who represents me">Who represents me?</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">U.S. President</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Vermont" title="United States congressional delegations from Vermont">U.S. Congress</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Federal_courts_by_state#Vermont" title="Federal courts by state">Federal courts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Vermont_state_executive_offices" title="Vermont state executive offices">State executives</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Vermont_State_Legislature" title="Vermont State Legislature">State legislature</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Courts_in_Vermont" title="Courts in Vermont">State and local courts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Counties_in_Vermont" title="Counties in Vermont">Counties</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Cities_in_Vermont" title="Cities in Vermont">Cities</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/List_of_school_districts_in_Vermont" title="List of school districts in Vermont">School districts</a> |</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/Public_policy_in_Vermont" title="Public policy in Vermont">Public policy</a></span> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table>   </div></div> <div class="printfooter"> Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission&oldid=9331470">https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Vermont_Public_Utility_Commission&oldid=9331470</a>" </div> <div id="catlinks-container" style="display:none"><div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Pages_with_non-numeric_formatnum_arguments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments (page does not exist)">Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Category:Pages_using_DynamicPageList3_dplreplace_parser_function&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Pages using DynamicPageList3 dplreplace parser function (page does not exist)">Pages using DynamicPageList3 dplreplace parser function</a></li><li><a href="/Category:State_executive_office_pages_without_divisions_sections" title="Category:State executive office pages without divisions sections">State executive office pages without divisions sections</a></li><li><a href="/Category:State_executive_office_pages_without_historical_officeholder_sections" title="Category:State executive office pages without historical officeholder sections">State executive office pages without historical officeholder sections</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Vermont" title="Category:Vermont">Vermont</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Vermont_state_executive_offices" title="Category:Vermont state executive offices">Vermont state executive offices</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Offices_of_the_American_public_service_commissioners" title="Category:Offices of the American public service commissioners">Offices of the American public service commissioners</a></li><li><a href="/Category:Offices_of_state_executive_officials_by_state" title="Category:Offices of state executive officials by state">Offices of state executive officials by state</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <div class="visualClear"></div> </div>  </div> </div> </div> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548351407491-0'); }); </script> </div> <div id="div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054" class="publirAds"> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId() == "div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054") { googletag.display("div-hre-Ballotpedia---New-3054"); } }); }); </script> </div> <div class="visualClear"></div> <div class="row" id="footer-links"> <div style="text-align:center; font-size:16px; color:#666; width: 100%;"> <p>Ballotpedia features 556,140 encyclopedic articles written and curated by our professional staff of editors, writers, and researchers. Click here to <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.happyfox.com/new">contact our editorial staff or report an error</a>. For media inquiries, <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="mailto:media@ballotpedia.org">contact us here</a>. Please <a href="/Support" title="Support">donate here</a> to support our continued expansion. </p> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_about_voting">Information about voting</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Voter_Toolkit" title="Ballotpedia's Voter Toolkit">Your 2024 Election Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Sample_Ballot_Lookup" title="Sample Ballot Lookup">What's on my ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Where_do_I_vote" title="Where do I vote">Where do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Online_voter_registration_in_the_50_states" class="mw-redirect" title="Online voter registration in the 50 states">How do I register to vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/Absentee_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Absentee voting">How do I request a ballot?</a></li> <li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">When do I vote?</a></li> <li><a href="/State_Poll_Opening_and_Closing_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="State Poll Opening and Closing Times">When are polls open?</a></li> <li><a href="/Who_represents_me" title="Who represents me">Who Represents Me?</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Elections">2024 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2024" title="School board elections, 2024">2024 School board elections</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2024_Election_analysis">2024 Election analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">2024 elections analysis hub</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="2025_Elections">2025 Elections</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Gubernatorial_elections,_2025" title="Gubernatorial elections, 2025">Governors</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">State executives</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2025" title="State judicial elections, 2025">State judges</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">Municipal officials</a></li> <li><a href="/School_board_elections,_2025" title="School board elections, 2025">School boards</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Trending">Trending</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">2024 general election voter turnout</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures and trends to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://news.ballotpedia.org/">Ballotpedia News</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Public_Policy">Public Policy</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Information_for_candidates">Information for candidates</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_access_for_major_and_minor_party_candidates" title="Ballot access for major and minor party candidates">How do I run for office?</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Candidate_Connection" title="Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection">How do I update a page?</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results" class="mw-redirect" title="Election results">Election results</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSddoUjxvy5yEyoKoltTe6-B_j668rbBsbcf7UDJI8cOgG2FBA/viewform">Send us candidate contact info</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Get_Engaged">Get Engaged</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate to Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Contact_us" title="Contact us">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/Report_an_error" title="Report an error">Report an error</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Events" title="Ballotpedia:Events">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Email_Updates" title="Ballotpedia Email Updates">Newsletters</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia Podcast</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Ad_policy" title="Ballotpedia:Ad policy">Ad Policy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.bonfire.com/store/ballotpedia/">Ballotpedia Boutique</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Services">Services</span></h3> <ul><li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">Media inquiries</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">Data sales</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Buy_Political_Data" title="Ballotpedia:Buy Political Data">API</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Premium_Research_Services" title="Ballotpedia:Premium Research Services">Premium Research Services</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Additional_analysis">Additional analysis</span></h3> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">State Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_triplexes" title="State government triplexes">State Triplexes</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/Pivot_Counties:_The_counties_that_voted_Obama-Obama-Trump_from_2008-2016" title="Pivot Counties: The counties that voted Obama-Obama-Trump from 2008-2016">Pivot Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia_Courts:_State_Partisanship" title="Ballotpedia Courts: State Partisanship">State Supreme Court Partisanship</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Polling_Indexes" title="Ballotpedia's Polling Indexes">Polling indexes</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="footer-links-block"> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-left-wrapper" id="sidebar-left"> <div id="navtitle" class="navtitle"> <h2><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger"></span> SITE NAVIGATION</h2> </div> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024" title="Election results, 2024">2024 Election results hub</a></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Election_Analysis_Hub,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024">Ballotpedia's 2024 elections analysis</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Pivot_Counties_in_the_2024_presidential_election" title="Election results, 2024: Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election">Pivot Counties in the 2024 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_New_members_elected_to_Congress" title="Election results, 2024: New members elected to Congress">New members elected to Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Comparison_of_state_delegations_to_the_118th_and_119th_Congresses" title="Election results, 2024: Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses">Comparison of state delegations to the 118th and 119th Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_margin_of_victory_analysis" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional margin of victory analysis">Congressional margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Congressional_elections_decided_by_10_percentage_points_or_fewer" title="Election results, 2024: Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer">Congressional elections decided by 10 percentage points or fewer</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_veto-proof_majorities" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities">State legislative veto-proof majorities</a></li> <li><a href="/Incumbents_defeated_in_state_legislative_elections,_2024" title="Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024">Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Margin_of_victory_analysis_for_the_2024_state_legislative_elections" title="Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections">State legislative margin of victory analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_seats_that_changed_party_control" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative seats that changed party control">State legislative seats that changed party control</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_State_legislative_races_decided_by_fewer_than_100_votes" title="Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes">State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures#Trends_in_2024" title="2024 ballot measures">Ballot measure trends in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Analysis_of_voter_turnout_in_the_2024_general_election" title="Election results, 2024: Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election">Analysis of voter turnout in the 2024 general election</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_results,_2024:_Wave_elections" title="Election results, 2024: Wave elections">Wave elections in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Elections" title="Elections">2024 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Presidential_election,_2024" title="Presidential election, 2024">2024 Presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/Presidential_candidates,_2024" title="Presidential candidates, 2024">2024 Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_Congress_elections,_2024" title="United States Congress elections, 2024">2024 Congressional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Special_elections_to_the_118th_United_States_Congress_(2023-2024)" title="Special elections to the 118th United States Congress (2023-2024)">Special Congressional elections (2023-2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2024" title="State executive official elections, 2024">2024 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2024" title="State legislative elections, 2024">2024 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_judicial_elections,_2024" title="State judicial elections, 2024">2024 State judge elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2024" title="United States municipal elections, 2024">2024 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2024_ballot_measures" title="2024 ballot measures">2024 Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Elections_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 elections to watch in 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_Top_15_Ballot_Measures_and_Trends_to_Watch,_2024" title="Ballotpedia's Top 15 Ballot Measures and Trends to Watch, 2024">Ballotpedia's top 15 ballot measures to watch in 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Main_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Main page">2025 Elections</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Elections_calendar" title="Elections calendar">Upcoming elections</a></li> <li><a href="/Statewide_primary_elections_calendar" title="Statewide primary elections calendar">2025 Statewide primary dates</a></li> <li><a href="/State_executive_official_elections,_2025" title="State executive official elections, 2025">2025 State executive elections</a></li> <li><a href="/State_legislative_elections,_2025" title="State legislative elections, 2025">2025 State legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_municipal_elections,_2025" title="United States municipal elections, 2025">2025 Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/2025_ballot_measures" title="2025 ballot measures">2025 Ballot measures</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">The Biden administration</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_Cabinet" title="Joe Biden's Cabinet">Cabinet officials</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden%27s_executive_orders_and_actions" title="Joe Biden's executive orders and actions">Executive orders and actions</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_administration#Key_legislation" title="Joe Biden presidential administration">Key legislation</a></li> <li><a href="/Federal_judges_nominated_by_Joe_Biden" title="Federal judges nominated by Joe Biden">Judicial nominations</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden_presidential_transition#White_House_senior_staff" title="Joe Biden presidential transition">White House senior staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Joe_Biden:_Vetoed_legislation" title="Joe Biden: Vetoed legislation">Vetoes</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Federal_Politics" title="Federal Politics">Government</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Executive_Branch" title="Executive Branch">U.S. President</a></li> <li><a href="/Legislative_Branch" title="Legislative Branch">U.S. Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Measures_overview" title="Ballot Measures overview">Ballot measures</a></li> <li><a href="/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">U.S. Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/United_States_federal_courts" title="United States federal courts">Federal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/States#State_governments" title="States">State government</a></li> <li><a href="/Municipal_Government" title="Municipal Government">Municipal government</a></li> <li><a href="/School_Boards_and_School_Board_Elections" title="School Boards and School Board Elections">School boards</a></li> <li><a href="/Recall_overview" title="Recall overview">Recalls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Public Policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/Administrative_State_Index" title="Administrative State Index">Administrative state</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_criminal_justice_policy" title="Index of articles about criminal justice policy">Criminal justice policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_education_policy" title="Index of articles about education policy">Education policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_federalism" title="Index of articles about federalism">Federalism</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_unemployment_insurance" title="Index of articles about unemployment insurance">Unemployment insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_work_requirements" title="Index of articles about work requirements">Work requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/Public_Policy" title="Public Policy">Policy in the states</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">More...</a></span> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Sample_ballot&Source=sidebar">Ballotpedia's Sample Ballot</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%E2%80%99s_Voter_Toolkit" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia’s Voter Toolkit">Ballotpedia's 2024 Voter Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/Survey" title="Survey">Ballotpedia's Candidate Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/Status_of_redistricting_after_the_2020_census" title="Status of redistricting after the 2020 census">Redistricting</a></li> <li><a href="/State_government_trifectas" title="State government trifectas">Trifectas</a></li> <li><a href="/Election_Policy" title="Election Policy">Election policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballot_Access" title="Ballot Access">Running for office</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://legislation.ballotpedia.org/elections/home">Election legislation tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/On_the_Ballot" title="On the Ballot">Ballotpedia's weekly podcast</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="self"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About us</a></span> <ul><li><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li> <li><a href="/Support" title="Support">Donate</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia%27s_editorial_independence_policy" title="Ballotpedia's editorial independence policy">Editorial independence</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Index_of_Contents" title="Ballotpedia:Index of Contents">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Job_opportunities" title="Ballotpedia:Job opportunities">Job opportunities</a></li> <li><a href="/News_and_events" title="News and events">News and events</a></li> <li><a href="/Ballotpedia:Staff" title="Ballotpedia:Staff">Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/Support:Volunteer" title="Support:Volunteer">Volunteer</a></li></ul></li</ul> </div>   <div class="sidebar-wrapper sidebar-right-wrapper" id="sidebar-right"> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0' style='height:600px; width:160px;position: -webkit-sticky; /* Safari */ position: sticky; top: 0;'> <script> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1548352229745-0'); }); </script> </div> </div>   <div id="footer" role="contentinfo" class="footer container footer-sticky" > <ul id="footer-places"><li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li><li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/Ballotpedia:About">About Ballotpedia</a></li><li id="footer-places-disclaimer"><a href="/Ballotpedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li></ul><ul id="footer-custom"><li class="dropup"><a href="/wiki/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Vermont+Public+Utility+Commission" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o">Login</a></li></ul><div style="clear:both"></div> </div>   <script>!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod ? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments) : n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version="2.0"; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,"script","https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js" ); fbq("init", "360312574466105"); fbq("track", "PageView"); </script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=360312574466105&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript>   <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','o2jx2'); twq('track','PageView'); </script>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.182","walltime":"0.330","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2081,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":85865,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":57429,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":11,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":100},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":8439,"limit":5000000},"timingprofile":["100.00% 190.065 1 -total"," 25.10% 47.710 1 Template:SEO_office_infobox"," 14.00% 26.603 3 Template:Navbox"," 12.87% 24.460 1 Template:Current_public_service_commissioners"," 9.42% 17.905 1 Template:State_executive_offices"," 8.09% 15.367 1 Template:Vermont"," 7.09% 13.485 1 Template:Reflist"," 5.94% 11.288 1 Template:US_state_navigation_box"," 5.63% 10.697 4 Template:Tnavbar"," 5.23% 9.938 1 Template:News_feed_form"]},"cachereport":{"timestamp":"20241125064122","ttl":0,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script>     <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-7416006-3', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script src="https://ssl.google-analytics.com/ga.js"></script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-GC6ZZT3P70"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-GC6ZZT3P70'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var _qevents = _qevents || []; (function() { var elem = document.createElement('script'); elem.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://secure" : "http://edge") + ".quantserve.com/quant.js"; elem.async = true; elem.type = "text/javascript"; var scpt = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scpt.parentNode.insertBefore(elem, scpt); })(); _qevents.push({ qacct:"p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2" }); </script> <noscript> <div style="display:none;"> <img src="//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-Lx8vcgWv5twR2.gif" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt="Quantcast"/> </div> </noscript>   <script type="text/javascript"> _atrk_opts = { atrk_acct:"3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC", domain:"ballotpedia.org",dynamic: true}; (function() { var as = document.createElement('script'); as.type = 'text/javascript'; as.async = true; as.src = "https://d31qbv1cthcecs.cloudfront.net/atrk.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(as, s); })(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://d5nxst8fruw4z.cloudfront.net/atrk.gif?account=3N+Vi1a4ZP00iC" style="display:none" height="1" width="1" alt="" /></noscript>  <script type="text/javascript"> piAId = '482201'; piCId = '4426'; piHostname = 'pi.pardot.com'; (function() { function async_load(){ if ( window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Main_Page" && window.location.href != "https://ballotpedia.org/Election_results,_2018" ) { var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://pi' : 'http://cdn') + '.pardot.com/pd.js'; var c = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; c.parentNode.insertBefore(s, c); } } if(window.attachEvent) { window.attachEvent('onload', async_load); } else { window.addEventListener('load', async_load, false); } })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://fkrkkmxsqeb5bj9r.s3.amazonaws.com/1375.js"></script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgBackendResponseTime":516});});</script> </body> </html>