History of CMake

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class='iconHex iconHex--primary iconHex--small'><span class='iconHex__icon'><svg viewBox='0 0 1.1536 1'></svg><span class='icon-home'></span></span></span></a></li><li><a href='https://cmake.org/about/' target='' class=''>About </a></li><li><a href='https://cmake.org/history/'>History</a></li></ul></div> <h1>History of CMake</h1> </div> </section>   <section class="page-subheader pageSubheader"> <div class="background"></div> <div class="layout"> <div class='pageSidebar'> <div class='pageSidebar__content'><div class='pageSubheader__content'><p>CMake was created in 2000 in response to the need for a powerful, cross-platform build environment for The <a href="https://itk.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Insight Toolkit (ITK)</a> and the <a href="http://www.vtk.org/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Visualization Toolkit (VTK)</a>. It has evolved over the last two decades with many improvements and new features. It continues to be supported by a strong user community, including original author and lead architect, BIll Hoffman, and the in-house experts at Kitware.</p></dvi></div> </div> </div> </section>  <section class="page-content pageContent pt-2 pb-2"> <div class="layout"> <div class="pageSidebar"> <div class="pageSidebar__content"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Timeline</h2>  <style>.kwBlocksTimeline{position:relative}.layout .kwBlocksTimeline .layout{padding:0}</style> <section class='kwBlocksTimeline'> <div class="layout"> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2000</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>CMake is created for the National Library of Medicine’s (NLM) <a href="http://www.itk.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Insight Toolkit Project</a></p> <ul> <li>NLM put Kitware on a team of three commercial companies and three universities to create an open source C++ toolkit for segmentation and registration of medical data. Kitware was awarded this because of the success of <a href="https://vtk.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">VTK</a>.</li> <li>The contract allowed for innovation, only specifying that the C++ toolkit had to be portable to Unix, Windows, and Mac. After a decade of using autotools and gmake at GE Research, Bill Hoffman felt that a new tool for building C++ was needed. The tool had some basic rules: <ul> <li>Support native build tools like the Visual Studio IDE</li> <li>One input file to build on all supported platforms</li> <li>Depend only on a C++ compiler so that it is easy to port and bootstrap on new systems</li> <li>Support for code generators so tools can be used to wrap C++ into other languages.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2002</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>After successfully using CMake for ITK, CMake went on to replace the build system in VTK and <a href="https://paraview.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">ParaView</a>.</p> <ul> <li>The adoption of CMake by VTK and ParaView brought in collaborators and funding streams from national labs, including Los Alamos, Sandia, and Livermore.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2003</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://www.amazon.com/Mastering-CMake-Ken-Martin/dp/1930934319/ref=as_sl_pc_tf_til?tag=kitinc-20&linkCode=w00&linkId=Y6TGYCDQX32HMXQS&creativeASIN=1930934319" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Mastering CMake: A Cross-Platform Build System</a> was written by Ken Martin and Bill Hoffman (the book is <a href="https://github.com/Akagi201/learning-cmake/blob/master/docs/mastering-cmake.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">now available open source</a>); CMake is featured in <a href="https://ftp.math.utah.edu/pub/tex/bib/toc/dr-dobbs-2000.html#28(1):January:2003" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Dr. Dobb’s Journal of Software Tools</a> and <a href="https://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6700" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Linux Journal</a>.</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2004</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>CMake received substantial development funding from The National Alliance for Medical Image Computing (NA-MIC).</p> <ul> <li>Slowly, CMake started to be adopted by other open source projects.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2006</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/188693/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">KDE switches to CMake</a></p> <ul> <li>KDE developer Alexander Neundorf was the champion that helped KDE adopt CMake.</li> <li>Kitware worked hard to create a prototype build system in a few short weeks.</li> <li>CMake was able to quickly build more of KDE than the scons system they were using previously.</li> <li>KDE was able to port applications to Windows and Apple very quickly with CMake.</li> <li>CMake got new features, including shared library versioning and installation rpath re-writes without relinking.</li> <li>CMake was distributed by all major linux distributions to support KDE.</li> </ul> <p><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-925" src="https://cmake.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/image1.png" alt="" width="1433" height="766" /></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2007.5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">An Open Source Approach to Developing Software in a Small Organization</a>, written by Ken Martin and Bill Hoffman, was published in the IEEE Software Journal</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2008</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>First CMakeLists.txt for the LLVM Compiler</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2009</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>ExternalProject is added to CMake ARL funded </p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2011</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>ninja generator is added to CMake</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2012</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://steveire.wordpress.com/2017/11/05/embracing-modern-cmake/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Modern CMake</a> is written by Stephen Kelly</p> <ul> <li>Comprehensive usage requirements, started by Stephen Kelly’s Modern CMake, allowed projects to package up “how to use me” in a nice way (cf. VTK’s build system rewrite to use them “everywhere” in 2019).</li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2016</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>LLVM switches to CMake, removing autoconf</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2017</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>Microsoft Visual Studio introduces <a href="https://devblogs.microsoft.com/cppblog/cmake-support-in-visual-studio/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">integrated support</a> for CMake projects</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2018</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>Professional CMake: A Practical Guide is written by Craig Scott</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2019</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://www.qt.io/blog/qt-and-cmake-the-past-the-present-and-the-future" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Qt Group switches to CMake</a></p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2020</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p><a href="https://www.kitware.com/minecraft-cmake-collaboration/">CMake Presets are incorporated</a> into Microsoft Visual Studio; <a href="https://www.kitware.com/multi-config-ninja-generator-in-cmake-3-17/">ninja multi config is added to CMake</a>; Ongoing project begins to add C++ 20 Modules to CMake with support for Bloomberg</p> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2022</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>CMake is called the standard build system by Bryce Adelstein Lelbach during his C++Now conference talk “What Belongs In The C++ Standard Library?”</p> <ul> <li>Bryce also served as the chair of the Standard C++ Library Evolution group. His talk stated that we actually have a standard build system! It’s CMake.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </article> <article class="cardTimeline"> <div class="cardTimeline__date"> <div class="cardTimeline__hexagons"> <div class="cardTimeline__hex4"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex3"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex2"></div> <div class="cardTimeline__hex1">2023</div> </div> </div> <div class="cardTimeline__content"> <div class="cardTimeline__box"><p>CMake drives the standards format for compilers to describe C++20 module dependency information. p1689 has been implemented by Visual Studio, Clang, and GCC, and is used by CMake to support the building of C++ 20 modules. </p> </div> </div> </article> </div> </section>  </div> <div class="pageSidebar__sidebar"> <div class="pageSidebar__slide"> <div class="cardSidebar "> <ul> <li> <a href='https://cmake.org/about/' target='' class='heading' > About </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://cmake.org/features/' target='' class='bullet' > Features </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://cmake.org/history/' target='' 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